,A ,W> ,DI>Y 

#aiag 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,R&OLPH ,B\RNE 

,TAGS 3 LEAGUE ( NATIONS1 PATRIOTS & REALI/S1 AIMS & PURPOSES1 TE*NIQUE ( W>1 OB/RUCT ! W>1 M5 & WOM51 WORLD ( W>1 HORROR & PITY1 AM]ICAN PROMISE1 AM]ICAN LIFE4 

,TEXT 3 

  

,PHOTO BY TODAYS>T1,C,C ,B,Y-,N,C-,N,D ,LIC5SE ,I4 

,TIME BR+S A BETT] ADJU/M5T TO ! W>4 ,!RE HAD BE5 SO MANY 
TIMES :51 TO ?OSE :O HAD 5]GETICALLY RESI/$ ITS COM+1 IT SEEM$ ! 
LA/ 9TOL]ABLE \TRAGE4 ,9 ONE'S WILD] MOM5TS ONE EXPECT$ REVOLT AGA9/ 
! IMPRESSM5T ( UNWILL+ M5 & ! SUPPRESSION ( UNOR?ODOX OP9ION4 ,ONE 
CONCEIV$ ! W> AS BREAK+ D[N ?R\< A K9D ( 9TELLECTUAL SABOTAGE 
DIFFUS$ ?R\< ! C\NTRY4 ,BUT AS ONE TALKS TO PEOPLE \TSIDE ! CITIES & 
AWAY FROM RUL+ CURR5TS ( OP9ION1 ONE F9DS ! PREVAIL+ APA?Y %OT 
EV]Y:]E ) ACQUIESC5CE4 ,! W> IS A BAD BUS9ESS1 :I* SOMEH[ GOT 
FA/5$ ON US4 ,!Y WON'T WANT TO GO1 BUT !Y'VE GOT TO GO4 ,ONE DECIDES ?AT 
NO?+ G5]ALLY OB/RUCTIVE IS GO+ TO HAPP5 & ?AT IT W\LD MAKE LITTLE 
DIFF]5CE IF IT DID4 ,! K9D ( W> :I* WE >E CONDUCT+ IS AN 5T]PRISE 
:I* ! ,AM]ICAN GOV]NM5T DOES NOT HAVE TO C>RY ON ) ! HE>TY 
COOP]ATION ( ! ,AM]ICAN PEOPLE BUT ONLY ) !IR ACQUIESC5CE4 ,& ?AT 
ACQUIESC5CE SEEMS SUFFICI5T TO FLOAT AN 9DEF9ITELY PROTRACT$ W> = VAGUE 
OR EV5 L>GELY UNCOMPREH5D$ & UNACCEPT$ PURPOSES4 ,\R RES\RCES 9 M5 & 
MAT]IALS >E VA/ 5\< TO ORGANIZE ! W>-TE*NIQUE )\T 5LI/+ MORE 
?AN A FRACTION ( ! PEOPLE'S CONSCI\S 5]GY4 ,MANY M5 WILL NOT LIKE BE+ 
SUCK$ 9TO ! ACTUAL FI<T+ ORGANISM1 BUT AS ! W> GOES ON !Y WILL BE 
SUCK$ 9 AS 9DIVIDUALS & !Y WILL YIELD4 ,!RE IS LIKELY TO BE NO ELEM5T 
9 ! C\NTRY ) ! EFFECTIVE WILL TO HELP !M RESI/4 ,!Y >E NOT LIKELY 
TO RESI/ ( !MSELVES CONC]T$LY4 ,!Y WILL BE LICK$ GRUDG+LY 9TO 
MILIT>Y %APE1 & !IR LACK ( 5?USIASM WILL 9 NO WAY UNFIT !M = USE 
9 ! HECATOMBS NECESS>Y = ! MILIT>Y DECISION UPON :I* ,ALLI$ POLITICAL 
WISDOM /ILL APP>5TLY 9SI/S4 ,IT IS UNLIKELY ?AT 5\< M5 WILL BE TAK5 
FROM ! POT5TIALLY REVOLT+ CLASSES S]I\SLY TO EMBITT] !IR SPIRIT4 
,LOSSES 9 ! WELL-TO-DO CLASSES WILL BE SU/A9$ BY A S5SE ( DUTY & ( 
REPUTABLE SACRIFICE4 ,FROM ! PO9T ( VIEW ( ! WORK]1 IT WILL MAKE LITTLE 
DIFF]5CE :E!R HIS WORK CONTRIBUTES TO ANNIHILATION OV]SEAS OR TO 
CON/RUCTION AT HOME4 ,TEMPOR>ILY1 HIS CONDITION IS BETT] IF IT CONTRIBUTES TO 
! =M]4 ,WE ( ! MIDDLE CLASSES WILL BE PROGRESSIVELY POOR] ?AN WE %\LD 
O!RWISE HAVE BE54 ,\R LIVES WILL BE SL[LY DRA9$ BY CLUMSILY LEVI$ TAXES 
& ! ROBB]IES ( IMP]FECTLY CONTROLL$ PRIVATE 5T]PRISES4 ,BUT ?IS WILL 
NOT CAUSE US TO REVOLT4 ,!RE >E NOT LIKELY TO BE 5\< HUNGRY /OMA*S TO 
MAKE A REVOLUTION4 ,! MAT]IALS SEEM G5]ALLY ABS5T FROM ! C\NTRY1 & AS 
LONG AS A GOV]NM5T WANTS TO USE ! W>-TE*NIQUE 9 ITS REALIZATION ( GREAT 
IDEAS1 IT CAN C\NT S]5ELY ON ! HUMAN RES\RCES ( ! C\NTRY1 REG>DLESS 
( POPUL> M&ATE OR UND]/&+4 

,I,I4 

,IF HUMAN RES\RCES >E FAIRLY MALLEABLE 9TO ! W>-TE*NIQUE1 \R 
MAT]IAL RES\RCES WILL PROVE TO BE EV5 MORE SO1 QUITE REG>DLESS ( ! 
9DIVIDUAL PATRIOTISM ( !IR [N]S OR WORK]S4 ,IT IS ALMO/ PURELY A PROBLEM 
( DIV]SION4 ,FACTORIES & M9ES & F>MS WILL CONT9UE TO TURN \T ! SAME 
PRODUCTS & AT AN 9T5SIFI$ RATE1 BUT ! GOV]NM5T WILL BE WORK+ TO USE 
!IR ACTIVITY & CONC5TRATE IT AS CONTRIBUTORY TO ! W>4 ,! PROCESS :I* 
! PIP+ TIMES ( B5EVOL5T NEUTRALITY BEGAN1 WILL BE PURSU$ TO ITS EXTREME 
5D4 ,ALL ?IS WILL BE SUCCESSFUL1 H[EV]1 PRECISELY AS IT IS MADE A MATT] ( 
C5TRALIZ$ GOV]NM5TAL ORGANIZATION & NOT ( 9DIVIDUAL (F]+S ( 
GOOD-WILL & 5T]PRISE4 ,IT WILL BE CO]CION FROM ABOVE ?AT WILL DO ! TRICK 
RA!R ?AN PATRIOTISM FROM BEL[4 ,DEMOCRATIC CONT5TM5T MAY BE %$ OV] ! 
L& = A TIME ?R\< ! APPEAL TO 9DIVIDUAL ?\<TFULNESS 9 SAV+ & 9 
REL9QUI%+ PR(ITS4 ,BUT ALL ?AT IS REALLY NE$$ IS ! COOP]ATION ) 
GOV]NM5T ( ! M5 :O DIRECT ! L>GE F9ANCIAL & 9DU/RIAL 5T]PRISES4 
,IF !IR 9T]E/ IS 5LI/$ 9 DIV]T+ ! ME*ANISM ( PRODUCTION 9TO 
W>-*ANNELS1 IT MAKES NOT ! LEA/ DIFF]5CE :E!R Y\ OR ,I WANT \R 
ACTIVITY TO C\NT 9 AID ( ! W>4 ,:ATEV] WE DO WILL CONTRIBUTE T[>D ITS 
SUCCESSFUL ORGANIZATION1 & T[>D ! RIVET+ ( A SEMI-MILIT>Y 
,/ATE-SOCIALISM ON ! C\NTRY4 ,AS LONG AS ! EFFECTIVE MANAG]S1 ! BIG 
M5 9 ! /APLE 9DU/RIES1 REMA9$ LOYAL1 NOBODY NE$ C>E :AT ! 
MILLIONS ( LITTLE HUMAN COGS :O HAD TO E>N !IR LIV+ FELT OR ?\<T4 ,?IS 
IS :Y ! TE*NICAL ORGANIZATION = ?IS ,AM]ICAN W> GOES ON SO MU* MORE 
RAPIDLY ?AN ANY CORRESPOND+ POPUL> S5TIM5T = ITS AIMS & PURPOSES4 ,\R 
W> IS TEA*+ US ?AT PATRIOTISM IS REALLY A SUP]FLU\S QUALITY 9 W>4 ,! 
GOV]NM5T ( A MOD]N ORGANIZ$ PLUTOCRACY DOES NOT HAVE TO ASK :E!R ! 
PEOPLE WANT TO FI<T OR UND]/& :AT !Y >E FI<T+ =1 BUT ONLY :E!R 
!Y WILL TOL]ATE FI<T+4 ,AM]ICA DOES NOT COOP]ATE ) ! ,PRESID5T'S 
DESIGNS4 ,%E RA!R FEEBLY ACQUIESCES4 ,BUT ?AT FEEBLE ACQUIESC5CE IS ! 
ALL-IMPORTANT FACTOR4 ,WE >E LE>N+ ?AT W> DOESN'T NE$ 5?USIASM1 DOESN'T 
NE$ CONVICTION1 DOESN'T NE$ HOPE1 TO SU/A9 IT4 ,ONCE MANEUV]$1 IT TAKES 
C>E ( ITSELF1 PROVID$ ONLY ?AT \R 9DU/RIAL RUL]S SEE ?AT ! 5D ( ! 
W> WILL LEAVE ,AM]ICAN CAPITAL 9 A /RATEGIC POSITION = WORLD-5T]PRISE4 
,! ,AM]ICAN PEOPLE MI<T BE MU* MORE 9DIFF]5T TO ! W> EV5 ?AN !Y >E 
& YET ! RESULTS W\LD NOT BE MAT]IALLY DIFF]5T4 ,A MAJORITY ( !M MI<T 
EV5 BE FEEBLY OR AT LEA/ UNCONC]T$LY HO/ILE TO ! W>1 & YET IT W\LD GO 
GAILY ON4 ,?AT IS :Y A POPUL> REF]5DUM SEEMS SO SUPREMELY IRRELEVANT TO 
PEOPLE :O >E WILL+ TO USE W> AS AN 9/RUM5T 9 ! WORK+-\T ( 
NATIONAL POLICY4 ,& ?AT IS :Y ?IS W>1 ) APA?Y RAMPANT1 IS PROBABLY 
GO+ TO ACT JU/ AS IF EV]Y P]SON 9 ! C\NTRY W]E FILL$ ) PATRIOTIC 
>DOR1 & FURNI%$ ) A COMPLETELY ASSIMILAT$ MAP ( ! ,LEAGUE TO ,5=CE 
,PEACE4 ,IF IT DOESN'T1 ! CAUSE WILL NOT BE ! LACK ( POPUL> >DOR1 BUT ! 
CLUMS9ESS ( ! GOV]NM5T (FICIALS 9 ORGANIZ+ ! TE*NIQUE ( ! W>4 
,\R C\NTRY 9 W>1 GIV5 EFFICI5CY AT ! TOP1 CAN DO V]Y WELL )\T \R 
PATRIOTISM4 ,! NON-PATRIOTIC MAN NE$ FEEL NO PANGS ( CONSCI5CE AB\T NOT 
HELP+ ! W>4 ,PATRIOTISM FADES 9TO ! M]E/ TRIVIAL S5TIM5TALITY :5 IT 
BECOMES1 AS SO OBVI\SLY 9 A SITUATION LIKE ?IS1 SO PRAGMATICALLY IMPOT5T4 ,AS 
LONG AS ONE HAS TO E>N ONE'S LIV+ OR BUY TAX-RIDD5 GOODS1 ONE IS MAK+ 
ONE'S CONTRIBUTION TO W> 9 A ?\S& 9DIRECT WAYS4 ,! W>1 S9CE IT DOES 
NOT NE$ IT1 CANNOT FAIRLY DEM& ALSO ! SACRIFICE ( ONE'S SPIRITUAL 
9TEGRITY4 

,I,I,I4 

,! LIB]ALS :O CLAIM A REALI/IC & PRAGMATIC ATTITUDE 9 
POLITICS HAVE DISAPPO9T$ US 9 SETT+ UP & !N CL++ WI/FULLY TO ! 
BELIEF ?AT \R W> C\LD GET ITSELF JU/IFI$ = AN IDEALI/IC FLAVOR1 OR AT 
LEA/ = A WORLD-R5OVAT+ SOCIAL PURPOSE1 ?AT !Y HAD MORE OR LESS D5I$ 
TO ! O!R BELLIG]5TS4 ,IF !SE REALI/S HAD HAD TIME 9 ! HURRY & 
SCUFFLE ( EV5TS TO TURN !IR PHILOSOPHY ON !MSELVES1 !Y MI<T HAVE SE5 
H[ ?9LY DISGUIS$ A RATIONALIZATION ?IS WAS ( !IR EMOTIONAL UND]T[4 
,!Y WANT$ A ,LEAGUE ( ,NATIONS4 ,!Y HAD AN UNANALYZABLE FEEL+ ?AT ?IS WAS 
A W> 9 :I* WE HAD TO BE1 & BE 9 IT WE W\LD4 ,:AT MORE NATURAL ?AN TO 
JO9 ! TWO IDEAS & CONCEIVE \R W> AS ! DECISIVE FACTOR 9 ! ATTA9M5T 
( ! DESIR$ 5D6 ,?IS GAVE !M A GOOD CONSCI5CE = WILL+ ,AM]ICAN 
P>TICIPATION1 AL?\< AS GOOD M5 !Y MU/ HAVE LOA!D W> & EV]Y?+ 
CONNECT$ ) IT4 ,! REALI/ CANNOT D5Y FACTS4 ,MOREOV]1 HE MU/ NOT ONLY 
ACKN[L$GE !M BUT HE MU/ USE !M4 ,GOOD OR BAD1 !Y MU/ BE TURN$ BY HIS 
9TELLIG5CE TO SOME CON/RUCTIVE 5D4 ,WORK+ ALONG ) ! MAT]IALS :I* 
EV5TS GIVE HIM1 HE MU/ GET :]E & :AT HE CAN1 & BR+ SOME?+ BRI<T] 
& BETT] \T ( ! *AOS4 

,N[ W> IS SU* AN 9DEFEASIBLE & 9ESCAPABLE ,REAL ?AT ! GOOD 
REALI/ MU/ ACCEPT IT RA!R COMPREH5SIVELY4 ,TO KEEP \T ( IT IS PURE 
QUIETISM1 AN ACUTE MORAL FAILURE TO ADJU/4 ,AT ! SAME TIME1 !RE IS AN 
9EXORABILITY AB\T W>4 ,IT IS A LITTLE UNBRIDL$ = ! REALI/'S RA!R NICE 
S5SE ( PURPOSIVE SOCIAL CONTROL4 ,& NO?+ IS SO DISAGREEABLE TO ! 
PRAGMATIC M9D AS ANY K9D ( ABSOLUTE4 ,! REALI/IC PRAGMATI/ C\LD NOT 
RECOGNIZE W> AS 9EXORABLE -- ?\< TO ! COMMON M9D IT W\LD SEEM AS NE> AN 
ABSOLUTE1 CO]CIVE SOCIAL SITUATION AS IT IS POSSIBLE TO FALL 9TO4 ,= ! 
9EXORABLE ABOLI%ES *OICES1 & IT IS ! ESS5CE ( ! REALI/'S CRE$ TO 
HAVE1 9 EV]Y SITUATION1 ALT]NATIVES BE=E HIM4 ,HE GETS \T ( HIS SCRAPE 9 
?IS WAY3 ,LET ! 9EXORABLE ROLL 9 UPON ME1 S9CE IT MU/4 ,BUT !N1 KEEP+ 
FIRM MY S5SE ( CONTROL1 IT WILL SOMEH[ TAME IT & TURN IT TO MY [N CREATIVE 
PURPOSES4 ,?US REALISM IS JU/IFI$ ( H] *ILDR51 & ! LIB]AL IS 
SAV$ FROM ! LIMBO ( ! WAIL+ & IRRECONCILABLE PACIFI/S :O C\LD NOT 
MAKE SO EASY AN ADJU/M5T4 

,?US ! LIB]ALS :O MADE \R W> !IR [N PRES]V$ !IR 
PRAGMATISM4 ,BUT EV5TS HAVE %[N H[ FE>FULLY !Y IMP]IL$ !IR 9TUITION 
& H[ UNTAMABLE AN 9EXORABLE REALLY IS4 ,= ?OSE ( US :O KNEW A REAL 
9EXORABLE :5 WE SAW ONE1 & HAD LE>N$ FROM WAT*+ W> :AT FOLL[S ! 
LOOS+ ( A W>-TE*NIQUE1 =ESAW H[ QUICKLY AIMS & PURPOSES W\LD BE 
=GOTT51 & H[ FLIMSY W\LD BE ANY LIB]AL CONTROL ( EV5TS4 ,IT IS ONLY WE 
N[ :O CAN APPRECIATE ,! ,NEW ,REPUBLIC -- ! ORGAN 
( APPLI$ PRAGMATIC REALISM -- :5 IT COMPLA9S ?AT ! ,LEAGUE ( ,PEACE 7:I* 
WE 5T]$ ! W> TO GU>ANTEE7 IS MORE REMOTE ?AN IT WAS EI<T MON?S AGO2 OR 
?AT \R ,/ATE ,DEP>TM5T HAS NO DIPLOMATIC POLICY 7?\< IT WAS TO REALIZE ! 
HI< AIMS ( ! ,PRESID5T'S SPEE*ES ?AT ! 9TELLECTUALS WILL$ ,AM]ICA'S 
P>TICIPATION72 OR ?AT WE >E SUBORD9AT+ ! POLITICAL MANAGEM5T ( ! W> 
TO REAL OR SUPPOS$ MILIT>Y ADVANTAGES1 7?\< MILIT>ISM 9 ! LIB]AL M9D 
HAD NO JU/IFICATION EXCEPT AS A TOOL = ADVANC$ SOCIAL 5DS74 ,IF1 AFT] ALL 
! IDEALISM & CREATIVE 9TELLIG5CE ?AT W]E %$ UPON ,AM]ICA'S TAK+ UP 
( >MS1 \R ,/ATE ,DEP>TM5T HAS NO POLICY1 WE >E LIKE BRAVE PASS5G]S :O 
HAVE SET \T = ! ,ISLES ( ! ,BLESS$ ONLY TO F9D ?AT ! FIR/ MATE HAS 
GONE 9SANE & JUMP$ OV]BO>D1 ! RUDD] HAS COME LOOSE & DROPP$ TO ! 
BOTTOM ( ! SEA1 & ! CAPTA9 & PILOT >E LY+ DEAD DRUNK UND] ! 
:EEL4 ,! /OK]S & 5G9E]S H[EV]1 >E /ILL M]RILY =C+ ! SPE$ UP 
TO TW5TY KNOTS AN H\R & ! PASS5G]S >E PRESUMABLY GETT+ ! PLEASURE 
( ! RIDE4 

,I,V4 

,! P5ALTY ! REALI/ PAYS = ACCEPT+ W> IS TO SEE DISAPPE> 
ONE BY ONE ! JU/IFICATIONS = ACCEPT+ IT4 ,HE MU/ EI!R BECOME A G5U9E 
,REALPOLITIK] & BRAZ5 IT ?R\<1 OR ELSE HE MU/ FEEL SORRY = HIS 
9TUITION & BE REGRETFUL ?AT HE WILL$ ! W>4 ,BUT SO EASY IS =GETT+ & 
SO SL[ ! *ANGE ( EV5TS ?AT HE IS MORE LIKELY TO IGNORE ! COLLAPSE ( 
HIS CASE4 ,IF HE F9DS ?AT HIS GOV]NM5T IS REL9QUI%+ ! CRUCIAL MOVES ( 
?AT /RATEGY = :I* HE WAS WILL+ TO USE ! TE*NIQUE ( W>1 HE IS LIKELY 
TO MOVE EASILY TO ! GR\ND ?AT IT WILL ALL COME \T 9 ! 5D ! SAME 
ANYWAY4 ,HE SOON BECOMES SATISFI$ ) TACITLY RATIFY+ :ATEV] HAPP5S1 OR AT 
LEA/ /RA9+ TO F9D ! GRA9 ( IMPLAUSIBLE HOPE ?AT MAY BE LAT5T 9 ! 
SITUATION4 

,BUT :AT !N IS !RE REALLY TO *OOSE BETWE5 ! REALI/ :O 
ACCEPTS EVIL 9 ORD] TO MANIPULATE IT TO A GREAT 5D1 BUT :O SOMEH[ 
UNACC\NTABLY F9DS EV5TS TURN S\R ON HIM1 & ! ,UTOPIAN PACIFI/ :O CANNOT 
/OMA* ! EVIL & WILL HAVE NONE ( IT8 ,BO? >E HELPLESS1 BO? >E CO]C$4 
,! ,UTOPIAN1 H[EV]1 KN[S ?AT HE IS 9EFFECTIVE & ?AT HE IS CO]C$1 :ILE 
! REALI/1 EVAD+ DISILLUSIONM5T1 MOVES 9 A TWILI<T ZONE ( HALF-HE>T$ 
CRITICISM & HOP+ = ! BE/1 :]E HE DOES NOT BECOME A TACIT FATALI/4 
,! LATT] W\LD BE ! MANLI] POSITION1 BUT !N :]E W\LD BE HIS REALI/IC 
PHILOSOPHY ( 9TELLIG5CE & *OICE8 ,PR(ESSOR ,DEWEY HAS BECOME 
IMPATI5T AT ! M]ELY GOOD & M]ELY CONSCI5TI\S OBJECTORS TO W> :O DO 
NOT ATTA* !IR CONSCI5CE & 9TELLIG5CE TO =CES MOV+ 9 ANO!R 
DIRECTION4 ,BUT 9 W>TIME !RE >E LIT]ALLY NO VALID =CES MOV+ 9 ANO!R 
DIRECTION4 ,W> DET]M9ES ITS [N 5D -- VICTORY1 & GOV]NM5T CRU%ES \T 
AUTOMATICALLY ALL =CES ?AT DEFLECT1 OR ?REAT5 TO DEFLECT1 5]GY FROM ! 
PA? ( ORGANIZATION TO ?AT 5D4 ,ALL GOV]NM5TS WILL ACT 9 ?IS WAY1 ! MO/ 
DEMOCRATIC AS WELL AS ! MO/ AUTOCRATIC4 ,IT IS ONLY LIB]AL NAIVETE 
?AT IS %OCK$ AT >BITR>Y CO]CION & SUPPRESSION4 ,WILL+ W> MEANS WILL+ 
ALL ! EVILS ?AT >E ORGANICALLY B\ND UP ) IT4 ,A GOOD MANY PEOPLE /ILL 
SEEM TO BELIEVE 9 A PECULI> K9D ( DEMOCRATIC & ANTISEPTIC W>4 ,! 
PACIFI/S OPPOS$ ! W> BECAUSE !Y KNEW ?IS WAS AN ILLUSION1 & BECAUSE ( 
! MYRIAD HURTS !Y KNEW W> W\LD DO ! PROMISE ( DEMOCRACY AT HOME4 ,= 
ONCE ! BABES & SUCKL+S SEEM TO HAVE BE5 WIS] ?AN ! *ILDR5 ( LI<T4 

,V4 

,IF IT IS TRUE ?AT ! W> WILL GO ON ANYWAY :E!R IT IS POPUL> 
OR NOT OR :E!R ITS PURPOSES >E CLE>1 & IF IT IS TRUE ?AT 9 W>TIME 
CON/RUCTIVE REALISM IS AN ILLUSION1 !N ! ALO( MAN1 ! MAN :O WILL NOT 
OB/RUCT ! W> BUT :O CANNOT SPIRITUALLY ACCEPT IT1 HAS A CLE> CASE = 
HIMSELF4 ,\R W> PRES5TS NO MORE EXTRAORD9>Y PH5OM5ON ?AN ! NUMB] ( 
! MORE CREATIVE M9DS ( ! Y\NG] G5]ATION :O >E /ILL IRRECONCILABLE 
T[>D ! GREAT NATIONAL 5T]PRISE :I* ! GOV]NM5T HAS UND]TAK54 ,! 
C\NTRY IS /ILL DOTT$ ) Y\NG M5 & WOM51 9 FULL POSSESSION ( !IR 
M9DS1 FACULTIES1 & VIRTUE1 :O FEEL !MSELVES PR(\NDLY ALI5 TO ! WORK 
:I* IS GO+ ON >\ND !M4 ,!Y MU/ NOT BE CONFUS$ ) ! DISLOYAL OR 
! PRO-,G]MAN4 ,!Y HAVE NO GRUDGE AGA9/ ! C\NTRY1 BUT !IR PATRIOTISM 
HAS BROK5 D[N 9 ! EM]G5CY4 ,!Y WANT TO SEE ! C>NAGE /OPP$ & 
,EUROPE DEC5TLY CON/RUCT$ AGA94 ,!Y WANT A DEMOCRATIC PEACE4 ,IF ! SWIFT 
CRU%+ ( ,G]MANY WILL BR+ ?AT PEACE1 !Y WANT TO SEE ,G]MANY CRU%$4 ,IF 
! EMB>GO ON NEUTRALS WILL PROVE ! DECISIVE C\P1 !Y >E WILL+ TO SEE 
! NEUTRALS TAK5 RU?LESSLY BY ! ?ROAT4 ,BUT !Y DO NOT REALLY BELIEVE ?AT 
PEACE WILL COME BY ANY ( !SE MEANS1 OR BY ANY USE ( \R W>-TE*NIQUE 
:ATEV]4 ,!Y >E G5U9E PRAGMATI/S & !Y FE> ANY K9D ( AN ABSOLUTE1 
EV5 :5 BE>+ GIFTS4 ,!Y KN[ ?AT ! LONG] A W> LA/S ! H>D] IT IS 
TO MAKE PEACE4 ,!Y KN[ ?AT ! PEACE ( EXHAU/ION IS A DA/>DLY PEACE1 
LEAV+ 5FEEBL$ ! MORALS ( ! DEFEAT$1 & LEAV+ 9V9CIBLE = YE>S 
ALL ! MO/ GRE$Y & S\LLESS ELEM5TS 9 ! CONQU]ORS4 ,!Y FEEL ?AT ! 
GREATE/ OB/ACLE TO PEACE N[ IS ! LACK ( ! P[]FUL M$IAT+ NEUTRAL 
:I* WE MI<T HAVE BE54 ,!Y SEE ?AT W> HAS LO/ = US BO? ! M$IATION 
& ! LEAD]%IP1 & IS BLACK5+ US EV] DEEP] ) ! RESPONSIBILITY = 
HAV+ PROLONG$ ! DREADFUL TANGLE4 ,!Y >E SKEPTICAL NOT ONLY ( ! 
TE*NIQUE ( W>1 BUT ALSO ( ITS PR(ESS$ AIMS4 ,! ,PRESID5T'S IDEALISM /OPS 
JU/ %ORT ( ! PIT* ?AT W\LD >\SE !IR [N4 ,!RE IS A MIDDLE-AG$ & 
BELAT$ TA9T AB\T ! BE/ IDEALS :I* PUBLICI/ LIB]ALISM HAS BE5 ABLE TO 
EXPRESS4 ,! APPEALS TO PROPAGATE POLITICAL DEMOCRACY LEAVE !SE PEOPLE COLD 9 
A WORLD :I* HAS BECOME SO DISILLUSION$ ( DEMOCRACY 9 ! FACE ( UNIV]SAL 
ECONOMIC S]VITUDE4 ,!IR IDEALS \T%OOT ! GOV]NM5T'S4 ,TO !M ! REAL 
>5A LIES 9 ! 9T]NATIONAL CLASS-/RUGGLE1 RA!R ?AN 9 ! COMPETITION 
( >TIFICIAL NATIONAL UNITS4 ,!Y >E WAT*+ TO SEE :AT ! ,RUSSIAN 
SOCIALI/S >E GO+ TO DO = ! WORLD1 NOT :AT ! TIMOR\S CAPITALI/IC 
,AM]ICAN DEMOCRACY MAY BE PLANN+4 ,!Y CAN FEEL NO 5?USIASM = A ,LEAGUE ( 
,NATIONS1 :I* %\LD SOLIDIFY ! OLD UNITS & CONT9UE 9 DISGUISE ! OLD 
!ORIES ( 9T]NATIONAL RELATIONS4 ,9DISP5SABLE1 P]HAPS8 ,BUT NOT 9SPIR+2 
NOT SOME?+ TO GIVE ONE'S SPIRITUAL ALLEGIANCE TO4 ,& YET ! BE/ ADVICE 
?AT ,AM]ICAN WISDOM CAN (F] TO ?OSE :O >E \T ( SYMPA?Y ) ! W> IS 
TO TURN ONE'S 9FLU5CE T[>D SECUR+ ?AT \R W> CONTRIBUTE T[>D ?IS 5D4 
,BUT :Y W\LD NOT ?IS ,LEAGUE TURN \T TO BE LITTLE MORE ?AN A WELL-OIL$ 
MA*9E = ! USE ( ?AT 5LI<T5$ IMP]IALISM T[>D :I* LIB]AL 
,AM]ICAN F9ANCE IS ALREADY :ETT+ ITS TONGUE8 ,& :AT IS 5LI<T5$ 
IMP]IALISM AS AN 9T]NATIONAL IDEAL AS AGA9/ ! AN>*I/IC COMMUNISM ( 
! NATIONS :I* ! NEW ,RUSSIA SUGGE/S 9 R5\NC+ IMP]IALI/ 9T5TIONS8 

,V,I4 

,SKEPTICAL ( ! MEANS & SKEPTICAL ( ! AIMS1 ?IS ELEM5T ( 
! Y\NG] G5]ATION /&S \TSIDE ! W>1 & LOOKS UPON ! CONSCRIPT >MY 
& ALL ! O!R W>-ACTIVITIES AS TR\BLESOME 9T]RUPTIONS ON ITS ?\<T & 
IDEALISM1 9T]RUPTIONS :I* DO NOT T\* ANY:]E A FIB] ( ITS S\L4 ,SOME 
HAVE BE5 MU* MORE DI/URB$ ?AN O!RS1 BECAUSE ( ! DET]M9$ *ALL5GE 
( BO? PATRIOTS & REALI/S TO BREAK 9 ) ! W>-OBSESSION :I* HAS 
FILL$ = !M !IR SKY4 ,PATRIOTS & REALI/S CAN BO? BE ANSW]$4 ,!Y MU/ 
NOT BE ALL[$ TO %AKE ONE'S 9FLEXIBLE DET]M9ATION NOT TO BE SPIRITUALLY 
IMPLICAT$ 9 ! W>4 ,IT IS FOOLI% TO HOPE4 ,S9CE ! #c? ( ,JULY1 #a#i#a#d1 
NO?+ HAS HAPP5$ 9 ! >5A ( W>-POLICY & W>-TE*NIQUE EXCEPT = ! 
COMPLETE & UNMITIGAT$ WOR/4 ,WE >E TIR$ ( CONT9U$ DISILLUSIONM5T1 & 
( ! BETRAYAL ( G5]\S ANTICIPATIONS4 ,IT IS SAN] NOT TO WA/E 5]GY 9 
HOPE )9 ! SY/EM ( W>-5T]PRISE4 ,ONE MAY ACCEPT DISPASSIONATELY 
:ATEV] *ANGES = GOOD MAY HAPP5 FROM ! W>1 BUT ONE WILL NOT ALL[ ONE'S 
IMAG9ATION TO CONNECT !M ORGANICALLY ) W>4 ,IT IS BETT] TO RESI/ *EAP 
CONSOLATIONS1 & REMA9 SKEPTICAL AB\T ANY ( ! GOOD ?+S SO CONFID5TLY 
PROMIS$ US EI!R ?R\< VICTORY OR ! SOCIAL REORGANIZATION DEM&$ BY ! 
W>-TE*NIQUE4 ,ONE KEEPS HEAL?Y 9 W>TIME NOT BY A S]IES ( RELIGI\S & 
POLITICAL CONSOLATIONS ?AT SOME?+ GOOD IS COM+ \T ( IT ALL1 BUT BY A 
VIGOR\S ASS]TION ( VALUES 9 :I* W> HAS NO P>T4 ,\R SKEPTICISM CAN BE 
MADE A %ELT] BEH9D :I* IS BUILT UP A WID] CONSCI\SNESS ( ! P]SONAL 
& SOCIAL & >TI/IC IDEALS :I* ,AM]ICAN CIVILIZATION NE$S TO LEAD ! 
GOOD LIFE4 ,WE CAN BE SKEPTICAL CON/RUCTIVELY1 IF1 ?R[N BACK ON \R 9N] 
RES\RCES FROM ! WORLD ( W> :I* IS TAK5 AS ! OV]MA/]+ REALITY1 WE 
SE>* MU* MORE ACTIVELY TO CL>IFY \R ATTITUDES & EXPRESS A RI*] 
SIGNIFICANCE 9 ! ,AM]ICAN SC5E4 ,WE DO NOT FEEL ! W> TO BE V]Y REAL1 & 
WE S5SE A S+UL> AIR ( FALSITY AB\T ! EMOTIONS ( ! UPP]-CLASSES 
T[>D EV]Y?+ CONNECT$ ) W>4 ,?IS O/5TATI\S %AME1 ?IS GROVEL+ 
BE=E ILLUSORY ,ALLI$ H]OISMS & NOBILITIES1 HAS %OCK$ US4 ,M9OR NOVELI/S 
& M9OR POETS & M9OR PUBLICI/S >E /ILL COM+ BACK FROM DRIV+ 
AMBULANCES 9 ,FRANCE TO WRITE BOOKS ?AT NAG US 9TO AN APPRECIATION ( ! 
REAL MEAN+4 ,NO ONE CAN OBJECT TO ! G5]\S EMOTIONS ( S]VICE 9 A 
GREAT CAUSE OR TO ! HORROR & PITY AT COLOSSAL DEVA/ATION & AGONY4 ,BUT TOO 
MANY ( !SE PROPHETS >E M5 :O HAVE LIV$ RA!R BRISKLY AMONG ! CRUELTIES 
& ?9NESSES ( ,AM]ICAN CIVILIZATION & HAVE %[N NO OBVI\S HORROR & 
PITY AT ! EXPLOITATIONS & ! >ID QUALITY ( ! LIFE LIV$ H]E >\ND US4 
,!IR MORAL S5SE HAS BE5 DEEPLY /IRR$ BY :AT !Y SAW 9 ,FRANCE & 
,BELGIUM1 BUT IT WAS A MORAL S5SE RELATIVELY UNPRACTIC$ BY DEEP CONC]N & 
REFLECTION OV] ! 9ADEQUACIES ( ,AM]ICAN DEMOCRACY4 ,FEW ( !M HAD US$ 
!IR VISION TO CREATE LIT]ATURE IMPELL+ US T[>D A MORE RADIANT ,AM]ICAN 
FUTURE4 ,& ?AT IS :Y1 9 SPITE ( !IR VIVID /IRR+S1 !Y SEEM SO 
UNCONV9C+4 ,!IR IDEALISM IS TOO NEW & BRI<T TO AFFECT US1 = IT COMES 
FROM M5 :O NEV] C>$ V]Y P>TICUL>LY AB\T GREAT CREATIVE ,AM]ICAN IDEAS4 
,SO !SE WRIT]S COME TO US LESS LIKE >D5T Y\?1 P\R+ ITS 5]GY 9TO ! 
GREAT CAUSES1 ?AN LIKE Y\?FUL M\?PIECES ( !IR /RID5T & BELLIG]5T 
ELD]S4 ,!Y DID NOT CONV]T US1 BUT RA!R DROVE US F>!R BACK 9TO ! 
RI<TNESS ( ,AM]ICAN ISOLATION4 

,V,I,I4 

,!RE WAS SOME?+ 9CR$IBLY MEAN & PLEBEIAN AB\T ?AT 
ABASEM5T 9TO :I* ! W>-P>TISANS TRI$ TO ?R[ US ALL4 ,:5 WE W]E URG$ 
TO SQU&] \R EMOTION ON A B$EVIL$ ,EUROPE1 \R 9TUITION TOLD US H[ MU* 
ALL RI* & G5]\S EMOTIONS W]E NE$$ AT HOME TO LEAV5 ,AM]ICAN 
CIVILIZATION4 ,IF WE REFUS$ TO EXPORT !M IT WAS BECAUSE WE WANT$ TO SEE !M 
AT WORK H]E4 ,IT IS TRUE ?AT GREAT REA*ES ( ,AM]ICAN PROSP]\S LIFE W]E NOT 
US+ G5]\S EMOTIONS = ANY PURPOSE :ATEV]4 ,BUT ! REAL ANTI!SIS WAS 
NOT BETWE5 BE+ CONC]N$ AB\T LUXURI\S AUTOMOBILES & BE+ CONC]N$ 
AB\T ! SAV+ ( ,FRANCE4 ,AM]ICA'S B5EVOL5T NEUTRALITY HAD BE5 
SAV+ ! ,ALLIES = ?REE YE>S ?R\< ! ORD9>Y *ANNELS ( 9DU/RY & 
TRADE4 ,WE C\LD AF=D TO EXPORT MAT]IAL GOODS & CR$IT F> MORE ?AN WE 
C\LD AF=D TO EXPORT EMOTIONAL CAPITAL4 ,! REAL ANTI!SIS WAS BETWE5 
9T]E/ 9 EXP5SIVELY EXPLOIT+ ,AM]ICAN MAT]IAL LIFE & 9T]E/ 9 
CREATIVELY 5HANC+ ,AM]ICAN P]SONAL & >TI/IC LIFE4 ,! FAT & E>?Y 
,AM]ICAN C\LD BE BLAM$ NOT = NOT PALPITAT+ MORE RI*LY AB\T ,FRANCE1 BUT 
= NOT PALPITAT+ MORE RI*LY AB\T ,AM]ICA & H] SPIRITUAL DR\?S4 ,! W> WILL LEAVE ! C\NTRY SPIRITUALLY 
IMPOV]I%$1 BECAUSE ( ! DRA9+ AWAY ( S5TIM5T 9TO ! *ANNELS ( 
W>4 ,CREATIVE & CON/RUCTIVE 5T]PRISES WILL SUFF] NOT ONLY ?R\< ! 
APPALL+ WA/E ( F9ANCIAL CAPITAL 9 ! WORK ( ANNIHILATION1 BUT ALSO 9 
! LOSS ( EMOTIONAL CAPITAL 9 ! CONVICTION ?AT W> OV]%AD[S ALL O!R 
REALITIES4 ,?IS IS ! POISON ( W> ?AT DI/URBS EV5 CREATIVE M9DS4 ,WRIT]S 
TELL US ?AT1 AFT] CONTACT ) ! W>1 LIT]ATURE SEEMS AN IDLE PA/IME1 IF 
NOT AN (F5SE1 9 A WORLD ( GREAT DE$S4 ,P]HAPS LIT]ATURE ?AT CAN BE PAL$ 
BY W> WILL NOT BE MISS$4 ,WE MAY FEEL VA/LY RELIEV$ AT \R SALVATION FROM SO 
MANY FEEBLE NOVELS & GRACEFUL V]SES ?AT KHAKI-CLAD AU?ORS MI<T HAVE GIV5 
US4 ,BUT ?IS NOBLE S\ND+ S5SE ( ! FUTILITY ( >T 9 A WORLD ( W> MAY 
EASILY 9FECT CONSCI5TI\S M9DS4 ,& IT IS AGA9/ ?IS 9FECTION ?AT WE MU/ 
FI<T4 

,V,I,I,I4 

,! CONS]VATION ( ,AM]ICAN PROMISE IS ! PRES5T TASK = ?IS 
G5]ATION ( MALCONT5TS & ALO( M5 & WOM54 ,IF ,AM]ICA HAS LO/ ITS 
POLITICAL ISOLATION1 IT IS ALL ! MORE OBLIGAT$ TO RETA9 ITS SPIRITUAL 
9TEGRITY4 ,?IS DOES NOT MEAN ANY SMUG RETREAT FROM ! WORLD1 ) A BELIEF 
?AT ! TRU? IS 9 US & CAN ONLY BE CONTAM9AT$ BY CONTACT4 ,IT MEANS ?AT 
! PROMISE ( ,AM]ICAN LIFE IS NOT YET A*IEV$1 P]HAPS NOT EV5 SE51 & 
?AT1 UNTIL IT IS1 !RE IS NO?+ = US BUT /]N & 9T5SIVE CULTIVATION 
( \R G>D54 ,\R 9SULATION WILL NOT BE AGA9/ ANY GREAT CREATIVE IDEAS OR 
=MS ?AT ,EUROPE BR+S4 ,IT WILL BE A TURN+ )9 9 ORD] ?AT WE MAY HAVE 
SOME?+ TO GIVE )\T4 ,! OLD ,AM]ICAN IDEAS :I* >E /ILL EXPECT$ TO 
BR+ LIFE TO ! WORLD SEEM /ALE & >*AIC4 ,IT IS GROTESQUE TO TRY TO C>RY 
DEMOCRACY TO ,RUSSIA4 ,IT IS ABSURD TO TRY TO CONTRIBUTE TO ! WORLD'S /ORE ( 
GREAT MOV+ IDEAS UNTIL WE HAVE A CULTURE TO GIVE4 ,IT IS ABSURD = US TO ?9K 
( \RSELVES AS BLESS+ ! WORLD ) ANY?+ UNLESS WE HOLD IT MU* MORE 
SELF-CONSCI\SLY & SIGNIFICANTLY ?AN WE HOLD ANY?+ N[4 ,M]E NEGATIVE 
FRE$OM WILL NOT DO AS A TW5TIE?-C5TURY PR9CIPLE4 ,AM]ICAN IDEAS MU/ BE 
DYNAMIC OR WE >E PRESUMPTU\S 9 (F]+ !M TO ! WORLD4 

,I,X4 

,! W> -- OR ,AM]ICAN PROMISE3 ONE MU/ *OOSE4 ,ONE CANNOT BE 
9T]E/$ 9 BO?4 ,= ! EFFECT ( ! W> WILL BE TO IMPOV]I% ,AM]ICAN 
PROMISE4 ,IT CANNOT ADVANCE IT1 H[EV] LIB]ALS MAY *OOSE TO ID5TIFY ,AM]ICAN 
PROMISE ) A LEAGUE ( NATIONS TO 5=CE PEACE4 ,AM]ICANS :O DESIRE TO 
CULTIVATE ! PROMISES ( ,AM]ICAN LIFE NE$ NOT LIFT A F+] TO OB/RUCT ! 
W>1 BUT !Y CANNOT CONSCI5TI\SLY ACCEPT IT4 ,H[EV] 9TIMATELY A P>T ( 
!IR C\NTRY !Y MAY FEEL 9 ITS CREATIVE 5T]PRISES T[>D A BETT] LIFE1 
!Y CANNOT FEEL !MSELVES A P>T ( IT 9 ITS FUTILE & SELF-MUTILAT+ 
5T]PRISE ( W>4 ,WE CAN BE APA!TIC ) A GOOD CONSCI5CE1 = WE HAVE O!R 
VALUES & IDEALS = ,AM]ICA4 ,\R C\NTRY WILL NOT SUFF] = \R LACK ( 
PATRIOTISM AS LONG AS IT HAS ?AT ( \R 9DU/RIAL MA/]S4 ,MEAN:ILE1 ?OSE 
:O HAVE TURN$ !IR ?9K+ 9TO W>-*ANNELS HAVE ABDICAT$ !IR LEAD]%IP 
= ?IS Y\NG] G5]ATION4 ,!Y HAVE PUT !MSELVES 9 A LIMBO ( 9T]E/S 
?AT >E NOT ! CONC]NS :I* WORRY US AB\T ,AM]ICAN LIFE & MAKE US 
FEV]I% & DISCONT5T$4 

,LET US COMPEL ! W> TO BREAK 9 ON US1 IF IT MU/1 NOT GO 
HOSPITABLY TO MEET IT4 ,LET US =CE IT P]CEPTIBLY TO BATT] 9 \R SPIRITUAL 
WALLS4 ,?IS ATTITUDE NE$ NOT BE A FATU\S HID+ 9 ! S&1 D5Y+ 
REALITIES4 ,:5 WE >E BROK5 9 ON1 WE CAN YIELD TO ! 9EXORABLE4 ,?OSE :O 
>E CONSCRIPT$ WILL HAVE BE5 BROK5 9 ON4 ,IF !Y DO NOT WANT TO BE M>TYRS1 
!Y WILL HAVE TO BE VICTIMS4 ,!Y >E 5TITL$ TO :ATEV] ALLEVIATIONS >E 
POSSIBLE 9 AN 9EXORABLE WORLD4 ,BUT ! O!RS CAN C]TA9LY RESI/ ! 
ATTITUDE ?AT BLACK5S ! :OLE CONSCI\S SKY ) W>4 ,!Y CAN RESI/ ! 
POISON :I* MAKES >T & ALL ! DESIRES = MORE IMPASSION$ LIV+ SEEM IDLE 
& EV5 %AMEFUL4 ,= MANY ( US1 RES5TM5T AGA9/ ! W> HAS MEANT A 
VIVID] CONSCI\SNESS ( :AT WE >E SEEK+ 9 ,AM]ICAN LIFE4 

,?IS SE>* HAS BE5 ?REAT5$ BY TWO CLASSES :O HAVE WANT$ TO 
DEFLECT IDEALISM TO ! W> -- ! PATRIOTS & ! REALI/S4 ,! PATRIOTS HAVE 
*ALL5G$ US BY ID5TIFY+ APA?Y ) DISLOYALTY4 ,! REPLY IS ?AT 
W>-TE*NIQUE 9 ?IS SITUATION IS A MATT] ( NATIONAL ME*ANICS RA!R ?AN 
NATIONAL >DOR4 ,! REALI/S HAVE *ALL5G$ US BY 9SI/+ ?AT W> IS AN 
9/RUM5T 9 ! WORK+-\T ( B5EFIC5T NATIONAL POLICY4 ,\R SKEPTICISM 
PO9TS \T TO !M H[ SOON !IR MA/]Y BECOMES DRIFT1 TANGL$ 
9 ! FATAL DRIVE T[>D VICTORY AS ITS [N 5D1 H[ SOON !Y BECOME M]E 
AG5TS & EXPOSITORS ( =CES AS !Y >E4 ,PATRIOTS & REALI/S DISPOS$ (1 
WE CAN PURSUE CREATIVE SKEPTICISM ) HONE/Y1 & AT LEA/ A HOPE ?AT 9 ! 
RECOIL FROM W> WE MAY F9D ! TREASURES WE >E LOOK+ =4 

7,S\RCE3 ,SEV5 ,>TS1 ,SEPTEMB] #a#i#a#g47 

,FROM 3 FAIR-USE4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
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