,ACKN[L$GM5TS 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,DONGY\N ,HWANG 

,TEXT 3 

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,BY S*OL>LY TRA9+ ,I AM A SPECIALI/ 9 MOD]N ,*9ESE HI/ORY4 ,SO1 MY J\RNEY TO COMPLETE ?IS /UDY HAS BE5 A PLEASANT DEVIATION FROM MY ACADEMIC EXP]TIZE & PLAN4 ,I WROTE A PAP] ON ,KOREAN AN>*ISM = ,PR(ESSOR ,>IF ,DIRLIK 9 MY FIR/ SEME/] AS A DOCTORAL /UD5T AT ,DUKE ,UNIV]SITY4 ,IT WAS A V]Y R\< ONE1 & ,I BURI$ IT 9 MY DOCUM5T FOLD] = MORE ?AN A DECADE4 ,9 ,SEPTEMB] #b#c1 ,I WAS DEVELOP+ IT TO PRES5T AT A CONF]5CE HE WAS ORGANIZ+ AT ! ,UNIV]SITY ( ,OREGON4 ,S9CE !N1 ,I HAVE GREATLY 5JOY$ ?9K+ & WRIT+ AB\T AN>*ISM 9 ,KOREA1 BECAUSE ,I REALIZ$1 SOME:AT BELAT$LY1 ! SIGNIFICANCE ( ! SUBJECT AFT] ! CONF]5CE4 ,NE$LESS TO SAY1 ,I AM DEEPLY 9DEBT$ TO ,>IF ,DIRLIK1 MY =M] ADVIS] AT ,DUKE1 = NOT ONLY TEA*+ ME ) PATI5CE & AFFECTION AB\T MOD]N ,*9ESE 9TELLECTUAL HI/ORY BUT = GUID+ ME TO GO BEYOND MY SPECIALTY TO UND]/& A MU* BROAD] HI/ORY4 ,)\T HIS PASSIONATE 5C\RAGEM5T & 9TELLECTUAL /IMULATION1 ?IS /UDY W\LD HAVE NEV] BE5 MADE POSSIBLE4 

,A NUMB] ( MY ,KOREAN COLLEAGUES DES]VE MY GRATITUDE = !IR ASSI/ANCE & SUPPORT4 ,DR4 ,YI ,HORYONG K9DLY RESPOND$ TO MY CALL = HELP & 9TRODUC$ MANY MAT]IALS TO ME1 :5 ,I HAD JU/ BEGUN MY RESE>* ON ?IS SUBJECT A DECADE AGO4 ,DR4 ,OH ,JANG-,:AN ALSO HELP$ ME ) SEV]AL R>E MAT]IALS & %>$ 9=MATION AB\T ,KOREAN AN>*ISM ) ME4 ,DR4 ,LEE ,HYUN-,JOO AT ! ,M9I/RY ( ,PATRIOTS & ,VET]ANS ,AFFAIRS PROVID$ ME ) ! ,M9I/RY'S PUBLICATIONS ON ,KOREAN 9DEP5D5CE MOVEM5T1 & ,PR(ESSOR ,JO ,SEHYEON %>$ ) ME SOME ,*9ESE & ,JAPANESE >TICLES4 ,PR(ESSOR ,BAIK ,Y\NG-SEO1 =M] DIRECTOR ( ! ,9/ITUTE = ,KOREAN ,/UDIES AT ,YONSEI ,UNIV]SITY1 (F]$ ME SEV]AL OPPORTUNITIES TO TALK AB\T MY RESE>* ON ,KOREAN AN>*ISM AT V>I\S OCCASIONS BE=E MANY ,KOREAN SPECIALI/S FROM :OM ,I LE>N$ A LOT & WAS 5C\RAG$ ) VALUABLE COMM5TS1 = :I* ,I ?ANK HIM4 ,AMONG O!RS AT ,YONSEI1 ,PR(ESSORS ,YIM ,SUNG-,MO & ,KIM ,SUNG-,BO %[$ !IR 9T]E/ 9 MY RESE>* & PROVID$ ME ) V>I\S SUPPORTS :5EV] ,I VISIT$ ,YONSEI OV] PA/ YE>S4 ,9 P>TICUL>1 ,PR(ESSOR ,YIM AS A MOD]N ,JAPANESE HI/ORIAN 9TRODUC$ ME TO SOME ,JAPANESE LIT]ATURE ON ,KOREAN &_/OR ,JAPANESE AN>*ISM4 ,PR(ESSORS ,LEE ,SANG-,EUY1 ,JO ,KYUNG ,RAN1 & ,S9 ,JU ,BACK1 ALL AT ,YONSEI1 (F]$ ME V>I\S COMM5TS4 ,I P>TICUL>LY B5EFIT$ FROM ,PR(ESSOR ,S9'S COMM5TS AS A DISCUSSANT AT MY TALK 9 ,M>* #b#a#d1 :I* MADE ME RE?9K ! /RUCTURE ( ?IS BOOK & MY APPROA*4 ,DUR+ MY /AY AT ,YONSEI 9 #bh & #b#a#d1 ,I MET SEV]AL GRADUATE /UD5TS1 :O W]E V]Y WILL+ TO (F] !IR UNCONDITIONAL ASSI/ANCE & SUPPORT TO !IR 0S5IOR40 ,I WANT TO EXPRESS MY SPECIAL ?ANKS TO ,MR4 ,LEE ,HAN-,GYEOL & ! LATE ,MS4 ,LEE ,HWA-JUNG = ! MAT]IALS & >TICLES !Y 9TRODUC$ ME TO4 

,I W\LD ALSO LIKE TO ?ANK ,PR(ESSORS ,BAN ,BYUNG-YUL AT ,HANKUK ,UNIV]SITY ( ,=EIGN ,/UDIES1 ,KIM ,KYEONG-IL AT ! ,ACADEMY ( ,KOREAN ,/UDIES1 & ,JEONG ,SEON-TE AT ,KOOKM9 ,UNIV]SITY = !IR COMM5TS & 9T]E/4 ,MY ?ANKS ALSO GO TO ,PR(ESSORS ,BANG ,KWANG ,SUK1 ,*UNG ,MOON ,SANG1 ,JEON ,9 ,GAP1 ,*OI ,WON-%IK1 ,YIM ,HYUNG-TAEK1 ,LEE ,SEONG-,PAIK1 ,KIM ,SEUNG ,WOOK1 ,P>K ,J9-SU1 ,KWON ,HEE-JU1 ,*OI ,SUNG-SIL1 ,KIM ,JANG ,HWAN1 ,HA ,SE ,BONG1 & ,LEE ,HUN ,SANG = !IR SUPPORT & 9T]E/ 9 MY /UDY ON V>I\S OCCASIONS4 ,PR(ESSOR ,EM]ITUS ,*ONG ,KEY ,RAY GAVE ME SPECIAL SUPPORT & 5C\RAGEM5T4 ,PR(ESSORS ,*UNG ,BYUNG ,HO1 ,KIM ,GYE-JA1 ,KIM ,HYO-SOON1 ,YOKOJI ,KEIKO1 & ,HIBI ,YO%ITAKA1 ALL ( :OM ,I MET 9 ,OCTOB] #bac AT ,KOREA ,UNIV]SITY1 5C\RAG$ ME TO PURSUE MY REGIONAL P]SPECTIVE4 ,I AM ALSO GRATEFUL TO ,ROXANN ,PRAZNIAK1 ,ROB ,WILSON1 ,BRUCE ,CUM+S1 ,BRYNA ,GOODMAN1 ,TOMOKO ,AOYAMA1 ,JESSE ,COHN1 & ,P>K ,SUNY\NG = !IR 9T]E/1 HELP1 5C\RAGEM5T1 OR COMM5TS ON V>I\S OCCASIONS4 ,I W\LD ALSO LIKE TO ?ANK TWO ANONYM\S READ]S = ! ,S,U,N,Y ,PRESS = !IR 9SI<TFUL COMM5TS & HELPFUL SUGGE/IONS4 

,9 ! YE>S ?AT W]E SP5T TO WRITE ?IS BOOK ! MO/ CRUCIAL HELP 9 T]MS ( MAT]IALS WAS PROVID$ BY ?OSE AT ! ,9/ITUTE = ! ,/UDY ( ,NATIONAL ,CULTURE 7,GUNGM9 MUNHWA YEON-GUSO74 ,TO NAME !M3 ,MR4 ,LEE ,MUN-,*ANG1 ! LATE ,MR4 ,JO ,GWAN<AE1 ,MR4 ,SONG ,HEONJO1 ,MR4 ,UM ,DONG-IL1 & ,MR4 ,NAM ,YI-HA5G1 AS WELL AS ,PR(ESSORS ,OH ,JANG-,:AN & ,KIM ,MYEONGSEOP4 ,MR4 ,LEE P>TICUL>LY SP>$ HIS PRECI\S TIME ) ME TO ANSW] MY QUE/IONS & TELL ME AB\T HIS EXP]I5CES AFT] #a#i#d#e4 ,I AM ALSO DEEPLY GRATEFUL TO ,MR4 ,KIM ,Y\NG-,*UN1 ,MS4 ,P>K ,JEONG-,HEE1 & ,MR4 ,S9 ,NAGE1 ALL AT ! ,SOCIETY TO ,COMMEMORATE ,YU ,RIM 7,YU ,RIM GI-NYEOM SA-EOPHOE74 ,9 P>TICUL>1 ,MR4 ,KIM NOT ONLY PROVID$ HIS WRIT+S & MAT]IALS ON ,YU ,RIM BUT SP5T LONG TIME ) ME ON TWO DIFF]5T OCCASIONS TO %>E HIS VIEW ON ! HI/ORY ( ,KOREAN AN>*ISM4 ,HE ALSO TRAVEL$ ) ME TO ! T[N ( ,ANUI :]E HE >RANG$ MY MEET+ ) ,MR4 ,YI ,DONGWON & MY VISIT TO ,ANUI ,MIDDLE ,S*OOL & ,HI< ,S*OOL1 RESPECTIVELY4 ,I ?ANK BO? ( !M = !IR 5?USIA/IC SUPPORT4 

,:5 ,I TRAVEL$ TO ,TOKYO 9 ,APRIL #bad TO LOCATE ADDITIONAL MAT]IALS1 ,I RECEIV$ W>M WELCOME & HELP FROM ,MR4 ,P>K ,*AN ,JUNG & ,MR4 ,*O ,JUNG ,BANG1 BO? ( ! ,KOREA ,SPORTS ,C\NCIL 9 ,JAPAN1 & ,PRESID5T ,OH ,GONG-,TE & ,VICE ,PRESID5T ,P>K ,AN ,SOON ( ! ,KOREAN ,RESID5TS ,UNION 9 ,JAPAN4 ,MS4 ,LEE ,MI-,AE AT ! ,HI/ORY ,MUSEUM ( ,KOREANS 9 ,JAPAN GAVE ME A GUIDE TO ! MUSEUM1 :I* HELP$ ME ?9K ,KOREAN AN>*I/S 9 ,JAPAN )9 A MU* BROAD] CONTEXT ( ! HI/ORY ( ,KOREANS 9 ,JAPAN4 ,MY SPECIAL ?ANKS %\LD GO TO ,PR(ESSOR ,SAKAI ,HIROBUMI AT ,HITOTSUBA%I ,UNIV]SITY4 ,I HAVE NEV] MET HIM 9 P]SON1 BUT HE G5]\SLY RESPOND$ TO MY 9QUIRY & EV5 AGRE$ TO %>E ) ME R>E ,*9ESE MAT]IALS ?AT W]E UTILIZ$ 9 ?IS /UDY & WILL BE FUR!R US$ LAT] 9 A DIFF]5T PROJECT4 ,:5 ,I WAS ON MY %ORT TRIP TO ,QUANZH\ 9 ,JUNE #bae TO VISIT ,LIM+ ,VOCATIONAL ,UNIV]SITY & LOCATE SOME ADDITIONAL MAT]IALS !RE1 HE ALSO 9TRODUC$ ME TO ,PR(ESSOR ,LIANG ,YANLI ( ,FUDAN ,UNIV]SITY1 :O 9 TURN 9TRODUC$ ME TO PEOPLE AT ,LIM+4 ,!RE ,I RECEIV$ W>M WELCOME & CRUCIAL MAT]IALS ?AT ,I US$ 9 ?IS /UDY & PLAN ON ANALYZ+ FUR!R 9 A DIFF]5T PROJECT1 = :I* ,I ?ANK ,PR(ESSORS ,WANG ,QIANG1 ,SU ,YANM+1 & ,L9 ,ZHAN<ONG1 AS WELL AS ,MR4 ,ZHANG ,JIANLIANG & ,MR4 ,L9 ,YALI4 ,I ALSO W\LD LIKE TO ?ANK MY FRI5D FROM ,DUKE1 ,ZH\ ,YONGM+ AT ! ,UNIV]SITY ( ,WISCONS9 AT ,MADISON1 = 9TRODUC+ ME TO ,PR(ESSOR ,*5 ,%A(5G AT ,BEIDA & ,MR4 ,*5 ,ZONG1 :O HELP$ ME ) MY BRIEF VISIT TO ! ,QUANZH\ ,LIBR>Y4 

,I HAVE ALSO RECEIV$ SUPPORTS FROM MY COLLEAGUES AT ,SOKA ,UNIV]SITY ( ,AM]ICA4 ,MY SPECIAL ?ANKS GO TO ,MI*AEL ,HAYS 7N[ RETIR$7 & ,$W>D ,FEASEL4 ,$1 9 P>TICUL>1 AS ! DEAN ( FACULTY1 HAS SUPPORT$ MY RESE>* ACTIVITIES 9 V>I\S WAYS4 ,I ALSO ?ANK ,OSAMU ,I%IYAMA = HIS HELP ) ,JAPANESE TRANSLATION4 ,& IT HAS BE5 A GREAT JOY TO WORK ) A GR\P ( WOND]FUL UND]GRADUATE /UD5TS AT ,SOKA4 ,:5 ,I TAU<T ! ,RADICALISM 9 ,EA/]N ,ASIA C\RSE P] REQUE/ FROM SEV]AL /UD5TS1 ,I B5EFIT$ A LOT FROM CLASSROOM DISCUSSION4 ,I P>TICUL>LY WANT TO ?ANK ,YUKA ,KI%IDA 7N[ AT ,BRIDGEWAT] ,COLLEGE7 & ,MI*AEL ,BIANCO = !IR 5?USIASM AB\T ! TOPIC4 ,! AID GIV5 BY ,MOMOCA ,NI%IMOTO & ,*IT>I ,YAMAMOTO AS MY RESE>* ASSI/ANTS 9 TRANSLAT+ MANY >TICLES 9 ,JAPANESE AN>*I/ NEWSPAP]S & J\RNALS MU/ BE NOT$ H]E ) GRATITUDE4 ,= ! HELP ) ! ,9T]-,LIBR>Y ,LOAN S]VICE AT ,SOKA1 ,I W\LD LIKE TO ?ANK ,LISA ,POLF] & ,MALGORZATA 7,GO%A7 ,GOMAGALA4 ,= ! YE>S1 ,I ALSO VISIT$ SEV]AL LIBR>IES 9 ,S\? ,KOREA1 ,JAPAN1 & ,*9A1 & ,I WANT TO ?ANK ! LIBR>IANS & /AFFS AT ! ,NATIONAL ,LIBR>Y ( ,KOREA 9 ,SE\L1 ! ,YONSEI ,UNIV]SITY ,LIBR>Y 9 ,SE\L1 ! ,NATIONAL ,DIET ,LIBR>Y 9 ,TOKYO1 & ! ,QUANZH\ ,LIBR>Y 9 ,QUANZH\4 

,DUR+ ! DECADE ,I WORK$ ON ?IS BOOK1 ,I HAD MANY OPPORTUNITIES TO PRES5T PORTIONS ( ?IS BOOK AT A NUMB] ( SEM9>S & CONF]5CES3 ! CONF]5CE ON 0,FROM ! ,BOOK TO ! ,9T]NET3 ,COMMUNICATION ,TE*NOLOGIES1 ,HUMAN ,MOTIONS1 & ,CULTURAL ,=MATIONS 9 ,EA/]N ,ASIA10 HELD AT ! ,UNIV]SITY ( ,OREGON 7,OCTOB] #a#f-#a#h1 #b#c72 AN ANNUAL SEM9> AT ! ,9/ITUTE ( ! ,HUMANITIES1 ,YONSEI ,UNIV]SITY1 ,S\? ,KOREA 7,JUNE #b#h1 #b#d72 ! ,9T]NATIONAL ,CONF]5CE ON 0,MOD]N ,EA/ ,ASIAN ,9TELLECTUALS & ,!IR ,IDEA ( ',ASIA1'0 HELD AT ,DA$ONG ,9/ITUTE = ,KOREAN ,/UDIES ( ,SUNGKYUNKWAN ,UNIV]SITY1 ,SE\L1 ,S\? ,KOREA 7,JANU>Y #b1 #b#e72 ! ,CONF]5CE ON 0,POETRY1 ,P$AGOGY1 & ,ALT]NATIVE ,9T]NATIONALISMS3 ,FROM ! ,E>LY ,TW5TIE? ,C5TURY TO ! ,PRES5T10 HELD BY ,COMP>ATIVE & ,9T]DISCIPL9>Y ,RESE>* ON ,ASIA 7,C,I,R,A71 ,UNIV]SITY ( ,CALI=NIA AT ,LOS ,ANGELES 7,JUNE #a1 #b#e72 ! ,EUROPEAN ,SOCIAL ,SCI5CE ,HI/ORY ,CONF]5CE 7,E,S,%,C71 HELD FROM ,M>* #bb TO #b#e1 #b#f1 9 ,AM/]DAM2 A MON?LY SEM9> HELD AT ! ,9/ITUTE ( ,MOD]N ,KOREA1 ! ,ACADEMY ( ,KOREAN ,/UDIES1 ,SEONGNAM1 ,S\? ,KOREA 7,JUNE #a#c1 #b#h72 ! CONF]5CE ON 0,BORD]-,CROSS]S & ! ,CITY3 ,MASS ,M$IA1 ,MIGRATION & ,GLOBALIZATION10 ORGANIZ$ BY ! ,9/ITUTE ( ,URBAN ,HUMANITIES AT ! ,CITY ,UNIV]SITY ( ,SE\L1 ,S\? ,KOREA 7,JUNE #b#a1 #b#a72 ! CONF]5CE ON 0,JAPANESE ,MAGAZ9ES & ,COLONIAL ,LIT]ATURE 9 ,EA/ ,ASIA10 HELD BY ,EA/ ,ASIA & ,CONTEMPOR>Y ,JAPANESE ,LIT]ATURE ,=UM AT ! ,C5T] = ,JAPANESE ,/UDIES1 ,KOREA ,UNIV]SITY 7,OCTOB] #a#h-#a#i1 #b#a#c72 A SEM9> AT ! ,9/ITUTE ( ,KOREAN ,/UDIES1 ,YONSEI ,UNIV]SITY 7,M>* #b#e1 #b#a#d72 & ! ,EUROPEAN ,SOCIAL ,SCI5CE ,HI/ORY ,CONF]5CE 7,E,S,%,C7 9 ,VI5NA 7,APRIL #b#c-#b#f1 #b#a#d74 ,I ?ANK ! P>TICIPANTS 9 !SE SEM9>S & CONF]5CES = !IR COMM5TS & 5C\RAGEM5T4 ,AT ! LATE/ ,E,S,%,C 9 #b#a#d1 ,I PRES5T$ P>T ( *APT] #d = A PANEL SESSION ON 0,AN>*I/S1 ,M>XI/S1 & ,NATIONALI/S 9 ! ,COLONIAL & ,PO/COLONIAL ,WORLD1 #a#h#gS-#a#i#dS3 ,ANTAGONISMS1 ,SOLID>ITIES1 & ,SYN!SES10 ORGANIZ$ BY ,LUCI5 VAN D] ,WALT & ,/EVE ,HIRS*4 ,I W\LD LIKE TO ?ANK ! TWO ORGANIZ]S1 P>TICUL>LY ,LUCI51 = HIS HELPFUL COMM5TS4 ,I ALSO W\LD LIKE TO ?ANK ,WALT] ,K4 ,LEW = HIS 9VITATION TO P>TICIPATE 9 ! CONF]5CE AT ,U,C,L,A 9 #be & HIS 5?USIA/IC SUPPORT4 

,AS A RESULT ( MY P>TICIPATION 9 !SE SEM9>S & CONF]5CES1 P>TS ( ?IS BOOK HAVE BE5 PUBLI%$ E>LI] 9 0,BEYOND ,9DEP5D5CE3 ,! ,KOREAN ,AN>*I/ ,PRESS 9 ,*9A & ,JAPAN 9 ! #a#i#bS & #a#i#cS10 ,ASIAN ,/UDIES ,REVIEW #ca 7,M>* #b#g73 #c-#b#c1 & 0,KOREAN ,AN>*ISM BE=E #a#i#d#e3 ,A ,REGIONAL & ,TRANSNATIONAL ,APPROA*10 9 ,AN>*ISM & ,SYNDICALISM 9 ! ,COLONIAL & ,PO/COLONIAL ,WORLD1 #a#h#g-#a#i#d3 ,! ,PRAXIS ( ,NATIONAL ,LIB]ATION1 ,9T]NATIONALISM1 & ,SOCIAL ,REVOLUTION1 $IT$ BY ,/EV5 ,HIRS* & ,LUCI5 VAN D] ,WALT1 #i#e-#a#b#i 7,LEID53 ,BRILL1 #b#a74 ,I AM GRATEFUL TO ! PUBLI%]S1 ,TAYLOR & ,FRANCIS 7WWW4T&FONL9E4COM71 & ,BRILL1 = GIV+ ME P]MISSION TO REPRODUCE !M 9 ?IS BOOK4 

,I RECEIV$ A ,%ORT-,T]M ,RESE>* ,TRAVEL ,GRANT 9 ,KOREAN ,/UDIES FROM ! ,NOR!A/ ,ASIA ,C\NCIL 7,N,E,A,C7 ( ! ,ASSOCIATION = ,ASIAN ,/UDIES 7,A,A,S7 9 ,M>* #b#d1 :I* FUND$ MY FIR/ %ORT TRIP TO ,S\? ,KOREA = COLLECTION ( IMPORTANT MAT]IALS & = MY FIR/ PUBLICATION ON ,KOREAN AN>*ISM 9 #b#g4 ,A ,SUMM] ,RESE>* ,GRANT 9 #bf FROM ! ,PACIFIC ,BAS9 ,RESE>* ,C5T] AT ,SOKA ,UNIV]SITY ( ,AM]ICA ALSO HELP$ ME TO TAKE ANO!R %ORT TRIP TO ,S\? ,KOREA 9 #bf = ?IS /UDY4 ,& ! ,FACULTY ,RESE>* ,FUND FROM MY HOME 9/ITUTION1 ,SOKA ,UNIV]SITY ( ,AM]ICA1 FUND$ 9 P>T MY %ORT TRIPS TO ,TOKYO 9 ,APRIL #b#a#d1 & TO ,QUANZH\1 ,FUJIAN 9 ,JUNE #b#a#e4 ,IMPORTANT P>TS ( ?IS /UDY W]E FUND$ & DONE FROM ,M>* TO ,MAY 9 #b#h1 & 9 ,M>* #b#a#d1 :5 ,I RECEIV$ A ,FIELD ,RESE>* ,FELL[%IP1 RESPECTIVELY1 FROM ! ,KOREA ,F\NDATION4 

,LA/ BUT NOT LEA/1 ,I W\LD LIKE TO ?ANK MY FAMILY4 ,I HOPE ?IS BOOK CAN REW>D MY P>5TS = !IR LIFE D$ICAT$ TO !IR *ILDR5'S $UCATION4 ,I MISS MY DECEAS$ MO!R-9-LAW :O ALWAYS 5JOY$ SUPPORT+ MY RESE>*4 ,MY SI/]S HAVE ALWAYS PROVID$ ME ) TIMELY EMOTIONAL SUPPORTS :5 ,I NE$$ IT4 ,& ,I WANT TO ACKN[L$GE ! PRES5CE ( MY DE> WIFE1 ,MIHYUN1 9 ?IS BOOK4 ,IT IS NOT ?AT %E READ ! MANUSCRIPT BUT ?AT H] LOVE & D$ICATION HAVE BE5 ! MA9 S\RCES ( SUPPORT & 9SPIRATION TO COMPLETE ?IS PROJECT1 = :I* ,I D$ICATE ?IS BOOK TO H] ) LOVE4 

,A ,NOTE ON ,ROMANIZATION 

  

,9 ,ROMANIZ+ ,KOREAN ,I FOLL[ ! NEW ,ROMANIZATION ( ,KOREAN ADOPT$ BY ! ,NATIONAL ,ACADEMY ( ,KOREAN ,LANGUAGE & ! ,M9I/RY ( ,CULTURE & ,T\RISM ( !N ,S\? ,KOREAN ,GOV]NM5T 9 #b1 ) SOME EXCEPTIONS 9 ! ALREADY KN[N NAMES & PLACES SU* AS ,SYNGMAN ,RHEE & ,PYONGYANG4 ,I ALSO RESPECT & FOLL[ 9DIVIDUALLY *OS5 ,ROMANIZ$ NAMES1 IF !Y >E KN[N TO ME ?R\< P]SONAL CONTACT & PUBLIC RECORD1 & SO ON1 SU* AS ,OH ,JANG-,:AN 7NOT ,OH ,JAN<WAN7 & ,LEE ,MUN ,*ANG 7NOT ,YI ,MUN*ANG74 ,IF ! ,KOREAN NAMES & PLACES SU* AS ,KIM ,KOO 7NOT ,KIM ,GU7 & ,*OSON ,DYNA/Y 7NOT ,JOSEON ,DYNA/Y7 >E MORE FAMILI> 9 ! ,WE/1 ,I ALSO ADD !M 9 BRACKETS ON !IR FIR/ APPE>ANCE4 ,KOREAN NAMES AS WELL AS ,*9ESE & ,JAPANESE NAMES >E R5D]$ 9 ! TEXT & NOTES 9 !IR [N ORD]1 ) ! FAMILY NAME FIR/ & ! P]SONAL NAME NEXT4 ,9 ! CASE ( ,KOREAN NAMES ! P]SONAL NAMES APPE> AS ONE WORD OR TWO WORDS ) OR )\T A HYPH54 

,9 ,ROMANIZ+ ,JAPANESE1 ,I FOLL[ ! ,HEPBURN SY/EM = ,JAPANESE ) ! EXCEPTIONS ( ,TOKYO 7NOT ,TOKYO7 & ,OSAKA 7NOT ,OSAKA7 9 ! TEXT4 ,9 ,ROMANIZ+ ,*9ESE1 ,I FOLL[ ! ,P9Y9 SY/EM4 ,H[EV]1 :]E ! ,WADE-,GILES ,ROMANIZATION = ,*9ESE NAMES IS KN[N MORE COMMONLY 9 ! ,WE/1 ,I FOLL[ IT1 AS 9 ! CASES ( ,*IANG ,KAI-%EK 7NOT ,JIANG ,JIE%I7 & ,SUN ,YAT-S5 7NOT ,SUN ,ZHONG%AN74 ,IF A ,KOREAN AN>*I/ J\RNAL WAS PUBLI%$ 9 ,JAPANESE OR ,*9ESE1 ,I TRANSLIT]ATE ITS TITLE & >TICLES 9TO EI!R ,ROMANIZ$ ,JAPANESE OR ,*9ESE1 ) A FEW EXCEPTIONS4 

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