,AN>*I/ ,COMMUNI/ ,MANIFE/O 
,FROM ! #a/ ,ITALIAN ,SECTION ( ! ,9T]NATIONAL ,AN>*I/ ,COMMUNI/ ,F$]ATION 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,NE/OR ,MAKHNO 

,TEXT 3 

,TRANSLATOR'S NOTE3     ,! P]IOD FOLL[+ 
! ,RUSSIAN REVOLUTION WAS ONE ( GREAT *ANGE = AN>*I/S1 MANY ( :OM FL$ 
TO ,FRANCE TO ESCAPE OPPRESSIVE REGIMES4 ,ONE CONTRIBUTION TO ! DEBATES ( ! 
TIME WAS ! ,ORGANIZATIONAL ,PLAT=M ( ! 
,G5]AL ,UNION ( ,AN>*I/S - ,PROJECT1 PRODUC$ BY A GR\P ( ,RUSSIAN EXILES 
9CLUD+ ,MAKHNO4 ,FOLL[+ PUBLICATION ( ?IS1 A GR\P ( ,ITALIAN AN>*I/S 
F\ND$ ! #a/ ,ITALIAN ,SECTION ( ! PROPOS$ ,9T]NATIONAL ,AN>*I/ 
,COMMUNI/ ,F$]ATION 7#a74 
,! DOCUM5T BEL[1 DAT+ FROM ! LATT] HALF ( ! #a#i#bS IS ! ,MANIFE/O ( ?IS ,ITALIAN 
GR\P1 ONE ( :OSE MEMB]S WAS ,GIUSEPPE ,BIFOL*I4 ,BIFOL*I LAT] HAD TO LEAVE ,FRANCE & W5T TO ,BELGIUM :]E HE F\ND$ ! MON?LY J\RNAL 
0,B&I]A ,N]A0 7,BLACK ,FLAG74 ,DUR+ ! YE>S ( ! ,SPANI% ,REVOLUTION1 ,BIFOL*I F\<T AS A COMM&] 9 ! ,ITALIAN ,COLUMN4 

,AN>*I/ ,COMMUNI/ ,MANIFE/O 7#b7 

,AN>*I/-COMMUNI/S >E UNANIM\S 9 AFFIRM+ ?AT ! PR9CIPLE ( AU?ORITY :I* TODAY'S 9/ITUTIONS >E BAS$ ON IS ! FUNDAM5TAL CAUSE ( ALL SOCIAL ILLS1 & IT IS !RE=E = ?IS REASON ?AT !Y >E TODAY1 TOMORR[ & =EV]1 UNYIELD+ 5EMIES ( POLITICAL AU?ORITY 
7! ,/ATE71 ( ECONOMIC AU?ORITY 7,CAPITAL7 & ( MORAL & 9TELLECTUAL AU?ORITY 7,RELIGION & 
 ,(FICIAL ,MORALITY74 

,9 %ORT3 AN>*I/-COMMUNI/S >E AGA9/ ALL ! DICTATOR%IPS ( POLITICAL1 ECONOMIC1 SCI5TIFIC OR RELIGI\S D]IVATION2 ON ! O!R H& !Y >E S9C]E P>TISANS ( A =M ( SOCIAL ORGANIZATION :I* IS BAS$ ON ! FREE ASSOCIATION ( PRODUC]S & CONSUM]S ) ! AIM ( BETT] SATISFY+ ! V>I\S NE$S ( ! NEW SOCIETY4 

,!Y >E COMMUNI/S1 BECAUSE HAV+ C>EFULLY EXAM9$ ! SOCIAL QUE/ION 9 ALL ITS FACETS !Y >E ( ! OP9ION ?AT ONLY A SOCIETY BAS$ ON LIB]T>IAN COMMUNISM WILL BE ABLE TO GU>ANTEE EV]Y ONE ( ITS MEMB]S ! GREATE/ WELL-BE+ & FRE$OM4 

,!Y >E REVOLUTION>IES1 NOT = ANY FANATICISM = GLORY 9 BLOOD1 BUT BECAUSE !Y HAVE OBS]V$ ?AT RE=MS >E ILLUSORY & AT ! M]CY ( ! :IM ( ! RUL+ P[]S4 ,!SE P[]S1 EV5 IF !Y >E DEMOCRATS1 >E ACTIVAT$ BY REACTION>Y DESPOTIC F9ANCIAL =CES1 EVID5T OR HIDD51 & ONLY AN ,AN>*I/ ,REVOLUTION CAN PUT AN 5D TO ! GOV]NM5T & EXPLOITATION ( MAN OV] MAN4 

,!Y >E 9DIVIDUALI/S1 NOT 9 ! S5SE ( AN EXAGG]AT$ RESPECT = ! 9DIVIDUAL :I*1 H[EV] IT MAY BE DISGUIS$1 IS A =M ( AU?ORIT>IANISM1 BUT BECAUSE !Y >E SUPPORT]S ( COMMUNISM = ! V]Y REASON ?AT IT GU>ANTEES EV]Y 9DIVIDUAL ! GREATE/ PHYSICAL1 9TELLECTUAL & MORAL DEVELOPM5T4 

,!Y >E $UCATIONALI/S1 BECAUSE !Y BELIEVE ?AT ! BE/ *ANCE ?AT ! ,REVOLUTION HAS ( >RIV+ SOON] & HAV+ GREAT] EFFECT IS DIRECLY L9K$ TO ! LEVEL ( REVOLUTION>Y SOCIAL $UCATION ( EV]Y 9DIVIDUAL4 ,!Y >E CONV9C$ ?AT ! ,REVOLUTION WILL BE ! LOGICAL NATURAL PRODUCT ( ! L>GE-SCALE EXPLOSION ( COLLECTIVE REVOLT1 R5D]$ CONSCI\S BY A WIDESPREAD UND]/&+ ( ! 9JU/ICE ( ! PRES5T CAPITALI/ SOCIAL SY/EM4 ,$UCATION ( ?IS TYPE EXCLUDES ! CONTEMPLATIVE1 FATALI/1 PASSIVE $UCATION :I* IS AN 5D 9 ITSELF4 

,SOCIAL ,PROGRAM 

,AN>*I/ COMMUNISM1 9DISP5SABLE = ! REALIZATION ( A SOCIETY )\T EXPLOIT]S OR EXPLOIT$1 IS BAS$ ON ! FREE COOP]ATION ( 9DIVIDUALS 9 ORD] TO SATISFY EA* O!RS ECONOMIC1 9TELLECTUAL & MORAL NE$S1 S9CE IT IS ONLY RI<T ?AT ! ORGANIZATIONS BORN FROM )9 ! WORK+ CLASS %\LD REGULATE SOCIAL FUNCTION+ AFT] ! ,REVOLUTION4 

,9SPIR$ BY ! =MATION & DEVELOPM5T ( AN EV]-GR[+ NUMB] ( ASSOCIATIONS 9 ALL FIELDS ( HUMAN ACTIVITY1 AN>*I/-COMMUNI/S HAVE SE5 ?AT ! ! SPIRIT ( ASSOCIATION & F$]ALISM IS EV] MORE PR$OM9ANT DUE TO ! FACT ?AT POLITICAL & ECONOMIC C5TRALISM IS PROVID+ EV] MORE M$IOCRE ANSW]S TO ! NEW NE$S ( TE*NICAL1 SCI5TIFIC & SOCIAL PROGRESS4 

,5C\RAG$ BY A SIMIL> LIB]T>IAN T5D5CY1 AN>*I/-COMMUNI/S CONT9UE TO BE SUPPORT]S ( A SOCIAL ORGANIZATION :I* WILL DEVELOP 9TO ! ,COMMUNE1 A LOCAL DEMOGRAPHIC AGGLOM]ATION :I* IS L>GE 5\< TO BE ABLE TO PRACTICE SOCIAL SOLID>ITY EFFECTIVELY BY ORGANIZ+ ! PRODUCTION 9 A RATIONAL WAY &1 9 ITS EV]Y ACT1 TAK+ 9TO ACC\NT ! 9VIOLABLE LIB]TY ( 9DIVIDUALS & ASSOCIATIONS4 

,! LIB]T>IAN ,COMMUNE1 9 ! WAY AN>*I/-COMMUNI/S UND]/& IT1 IS NOT A V]SION ( ! PRES5T-DAY MUNICIPAL C\NCILS NOR IS IT A REPRES5TATION 9 M9IATURE ( ANY GOV]NM5T1 BUT A MORAL & MAT]IAL PACT :I* UNITES ! 9HABITANTS ( A GIV5 >EA 9 A COMMON PROJECT 9 ! ECONOMIC1 9TELLECTUAL & MORAL FIELD :I* CAN ALL[ EV]Y 9DIVIDUAL ( :ATEV] SEX & AGE TO 5JOY ! RI<T TO FRE$OM & TO WELL-BE+1 AS F> AS ! POSSIBILITIES ( PRODUCTION P]MIT1 NATURALLY4 

,RELATIONS BETWE5 DIFF]5T ,COMMUNES CAN BE MANAG$ )\T USELESS1 EV5 DANG]\S 9T]F]5CE FROM ! C5TRAL1 NATIONAL & 9T]NATIONAL P[]S1 9 ! KN[L$GE ?AT F$]ALISM IS A BASIC CONDITION = ! SAFEGU>D+ ( ! PR9CIPLE ( FRE$OM UPON :I* ! NEW COMMUNALI/ SOCIETY WILL RE/4 

,)\T WI%+ TO GO 9TO LONG1 BO!RSOME DETAIL :I* IS ALMO/ ALWAYS R5D]$ NULL BY TOMORR['S REALITY1 AN>*I/-COMMUNI/S1 AS A L>GE P>T ( !IR PRE-,REVOLUTION>Y PROGRAM1 CONSID] IT SUFFICI5T TO HOLD TO ! G5]AL L9ES ( ! LIB]T>IAN ,COMMUNE BAS$ ON F$]ALI/ OR SOVIETI/ COOP]ATION1 SOVIETI/ 9 ! S5SE ( DEC5TRALIZATION & AS A SPONTANE\S1 CONSCI\S EMANATION ( ! TE*NICAL & POLITICAL CAPACITY ( ! WORK+ CLASS4 

,ORGANIZATION 

,! PROLET>IAN COALITIONS = DEF5SE & ATACK AGA9/ ! CON/ITUT$ P[]S :I* HAVE AS !IR SPECIFIC AIM ! MA9T5ANCE ( ! PRES5T /ATE ( EXPLOITATION & OPPRESSION >E NOT REC5T CREATIONS4 ,!Y >E ! NATURAL RESULT ( A PA9FUL C5TURIES-LONG EXP]I5CE1 GIV5 ?AT 9DIVIDUAL REVOLT1 ?\< ALWAYS APPRECIABLE = ITS C\RAGE1 NOBILITY & ! SPIRIT ( SACRIFICE ( ! ICONOCLA/1 CAN NEV] AFFECT ! ORGANISMS ( OPPRESSION :I* >E SOLIDLY ORGANIZ$ & CAN NEV] COME CLOSE TO EFFECT+ ANY SOCIAL IMPROVEM5T OR TRANS=MATION4 

,IT IS = ?IS REASON ?AT AN>*I/-COMMUNI/S >E NOT CONT5T ) PROCLAIM+ ! GOODNESS ( !IR LIB]T>IAN PR9CIPLES1 BUT RA!R !Y UNITE 9 GR\PS1 9 F$]ATIONS1 9 NATIONAL UNIONS & 9 ! 9T]NATIONAL UNION1 9 ORD] TO BETT] RESI/ & BR+ AB\T ! S+LE MORAL & MAT]IAL FRONT AGA9/ ! P[]S ( REPRESSION & EXPLOITATION4 ,IT IS 9 ?IS WAY ?AT !Y CAN PROVOKE1 9 ! NE> FUTURE1 ! VA/1 TRAGIC & PA9FUL EPILOGUE TO ?IS UN9T]RUPT$ CLASS W>1 ! LIB]T>IAN ,REVOLUTION1 TO BR+ AB\T A DEF9ITIVE 5D TO ! EXI/5CE ( ALL CLASSES4 

,HI/ORY BRIMS ) EXAMPLES ( ! REPRESSION ( SU* UNIONS C>RI$ \T 9 EV]Y PLACE & TIME BY GOV]NM5TS ( ALL TYPES1 BUT ! SOLE FACT ?AT !Y CON/ITUT$ A S+LE1 CON/ANT T>GET :I* IS /RONG] ?AN ! CAPITALI/ VIOL5CE 7& WILL CONT9UE TO DO SO71 5C\RAGES AN>*I/-COMMUNI/S TO P]SI/ 9 !IR PA?1 ! ONLY ONE CAPABLE ( *ANNEL+ ! =CES ( ! EXPLOITATION T[>DS ! EMANCIPAT+ ,REVOLUTION4 

,) REG>D TO ORGANIZATION1 ! PRES5T G5]ATION ( AN>*I/-COMMUNI/S >E C]TA9LY UNANIM\S 9 RECOGNIZ+ ?AT ?US F> !IR PR$ECESSORS HAVE DONE PRECI\S LITTLE TO REALIZE IT1 GIV5 ! BITT]1 CONT9U\S REACTION !Y W]E VICTIMS ( & AN>*ISM'S LACK ( AN IDEOLOGICAL UNITY :I* C\LD P]MIT !IR PHYSICAL UNITY )\T :I*1 & DESPITE POPUL> DISGU/ ) ! P>LIAM5T>Y F>CE & ! UND5IABLE DECOMPOSITION ( BOL%EVISM1 AN>*ISM WILL BE UNABLE TO F9D ITS WAY 9TO ! HE>TS ( ! WORK+ MASSES1 ! ONLY ONES :O CAN BR+ AB\T ! ,REVOLUTION4 

,BUT AFT] ! W>1 FASCISM & ABOVE ALL ! PA9FUL LESSONS ( ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION ( #a#i#a#g-#a#i#a#i 7:]E AN>*ISM ONLY PLAY$ A SECOND>Y ROLE FROM ! SOCIAL PO9T ( VIEW1 DESPITE ITS CONSID]ABLE 9TELLECTUAL DEVELOPM5T & ITS 9NUM]ABLE SACRIFICES & [+ TO ITS *RONIC DISORGANIZATION1 BO? 9 ITS CON/RUCTIVE & (T5 9 ITS DE/RUCTIVE PROGRAMS ACCORD+ TO ! MO/ 9VOLV$ LIB]T>IANS 9 ! ,RUSSIAN MOVEM5T71 !RE >OSE AMONG AN>*I/-COMMUNI/S FROM ALL C\NTRIES A CONCRETE IDEA ( ! NECESSITY & ! AIMS ( AN>*I/ ORGANIZATION1 BAS$ ON S+LE1 UNIV]SAL IDEOLOGICAL & TACTICAL PR9CIPLE1 EXCLUD+ ! RELUCTANCE ?AT SMELLS ( BYZANT9ISM & C]TA9 IDEOLOGICAL & TACTICAL RES]VATIONS :I* >E ! MO/ M>K$ *>ACT]I/ICS ( B\RGEOIS SOCIALI/ DEMOCRACY4 

,LET ?IS T5D5CY DEVELOP & TRIUMPH1 S9CE1 IF WE SEEK FUR!R DEVELOPM5T ( AN>*ISM AS A CURR5T ( POPUL> LIB]ATION & EMANCIPATION1 IT IS RI<T TO WAIT UNTIL AN>*I/-COMMUNI/S >E ABLE TO OPPOSE ! AU?ORIT>IAN COALITIONS ) A /RONG1 T5ACI\S LIB]T>IAN COALITION ) A HOMOG5E\S PROGRAM ( DE/RUCTION & RECON/RUCTION & HOMOG5E\S TACTICS4 

,ONLY 9 ?IS WAY CAN !RE BE ! FULL P>TICPATION 9 SOCIETY ( ALL ?OSE AMONG ! WORK+ MASSES :O HAVE BE5 FOOL$ BY ! DAILY LIES ( ! B\RGEOIS PRESS & BY C]TA9 REVOLUTION>Y DEMAGOG]Y & :O CONT9UE TO BE IGNORANT (1 MISUND]/& & EV5 SCORN ! IDEAL = :I* SO MANY HAVE SACRIFIC$ & CONT9UE TO SACRIFICE !IR LIVES1 !IR FRE$OM & A HAPPY LIFE4 

#a/ ,ITALIAN ,SECTION ( ! ,9T]NATIONAL ,AN>*I/ ,COMMUNI/ ,F$]ATION 

,NOTES3 

7#a7 ,A4 ,D,A,D,A1  ,L'AN>*ISMO 9 ,ITALIA3 FRA MOVIM5TO E 
P>TITO1 ,MILAN #a#i#h#d4 

7#b7 ,! MANIFE/O IS 9 ,I,I,S,G,A1  ,FONDO ,U4 ,F$ELI1 B4 #a#g#e1 & N[ ALSO 9 ,A4 ,D,A,D,A1 
OP4CIT4 

7,S\RCE3 ,TRANSLATION BY ,NE/OR ,MC,NAB1 ,PUBLI%$ 
9 ,! ,NOR!A/]N ,AN>*I/1 ,NO4 #i1 #b#d47 

,FROM 3 ,NE/OR,MAKHNO49FO4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,M>* #b#i1 #bba 3 ,AN>*I/ ,COMMUNI/ ,MANIFE/O -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #i1 #bbb 3 ,AN>*I/ ,COMMUNI/ ,MANIFE/O -- ,UPDAT$4 

 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3  
HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/