,DE> ,COMRADES AT ,ILOTA 

#ahhc 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,]RICO ,MALATE/A 

,TEXT 3 

,$ITOR'S ,NOTE3 ,TRANSLAT$ FROM 0,C>I ,COMPAGNI DELL',ILOTA10 ,ILOTA 7,PI/OIA7 #a1 NO4 #i 7#a ,APRIL #a#h#h#c74 ,! BACKGR\ND TO ?IS LETT] WAS ! DEFECTION FROM AN>*ISM ( ,&REA ,CO/A1 ONE ( ! *IEF MEMB]S ( ! ,ITALIAN ,F$]ATION1 :O 9 #ahgi HAD />T$ ADVOCAT+ ! EXT5SION ( SOCIALI/ TACTICS TO P>LIAM5T>Y ONES4 ,CO/A HAD A SIGNIFICANT FOLL[+1 ESPECIALLY 9 ! ,ROMAGNA REGION1 & 9 ,NOVEMB] #ahhb HE HAD BE5 ELECT$ TO P>LIAM5T4 ,HIS TACTICS HAD SP>K$ HEAT$ DEBATES 9 P>T ( ! SOCIALI/ PRESS1 & ,ILOTA WAS ONE ( ! P]IODICALS ?AT CONSID]$ ?OSE TACTICS LEGITIMATE4 ,9 A REC5T S]IES ( >TICLES1 ! ,ILOTA HAD ?US CALL$ = ! UNION & JO9T ORGANIZATION ( ALL SOCIALI/ =CES1 DESPITE ! TACTICAL DIFF]5CES4 

,I HAVE WAT*$ ! EF=TS Y\ HAVE BE5 MAK+ TO /EP UP ! SOCIALI/ P>TY'S ORGANIZ+ & ,I CONGRATULATE Y\ UPON !M4#i ,ORGANIZATION REPRES5TS ! V]Y LIFE & /R5G? ( A P>TY & )\T IT WE W\LD NOT EV5 BE ABLE TO EFFECTIVELY SPREAD \R PROGRAM1 LET ALONE TRY TO IMPLEM5T IT4 

,BUT IT /RIKES ME ?AT 9 (F]+ A BROAD \TL9E ( ! SORT ( ORGANIZATION WE WANT1 Y\ HAVE MADE A S]I\S MI/AKE ?AT MI<T G5]ATE EI!R FAILURE TODAY OR ! C]TA9TY ( \R BREAK+ UP 9 ! FUTURE4 

,\T ( AN EXCESSIVE LOVE ( UNITY & CONCORD1 Y\ W\LD LIKE TO SEE US ORGANIZ$ REG>DLESS ( DIFF]5CES ( OP9ION REG>D+ AIMS & MEANS1 ! ONLY BOND BETWE5 US BE+ ! %>$ ASPIRATION = SOME VAGUE1 9DET]M9ATE SOCIALISM4 

,IF A P>TY--ESPECIALLY A P>TY ( ACTION--IS TO ?RIVE1 IT NE$S TO BE AW>E ( ! GOAL IT 9T5DS TO REA* & ESPECIALLY ! MEANS BY :I* IT 9T5DS TO REA* IT4 ,O!RWISE1 IT IS 9ESCAPABLY DOOM$ TO REMA9 P[]LESS & TO PET] \T AMID 9T]NAL DIFF]5CES4 

,I AM C]TA9LY NOT REF]R+ TO ?OSE SECOND>Y DIFF]5CES ( OP9ION ?AT >E NOT 9DICATIVE ( DEF9ITIVE P>T+ ( ! WAYS4 ,= 9/ANCE1 !RE IS ! VIEW ?AT ORAL PROPAG&A MAY BE MORE EFFECTIVE ?AN ! PR9T$ WORD1 OR ?AT ! PAMPHLET IS PREF]ABLE TO ! NEWSPAP]1 URBAN 9SURRECTION OV] >M$ B&S1 ATTACKS UPON PROP]TY OV] ATTACKS UPON ! P]SON1 ! ,IRI%MAN'S DAGG] OV] ! ,RUSSIAN'S M9E1 OR VICE V]SA1 )\T !RE BE+ ANY?+ TO 9HIBIT MEMB]%IP ( ! SAME ORGANIZATION4 ,!SE >E MATT]S TO BE RESOLV$ 9 DIFF]5T WAYS DEP5D+ ON CIRCUM/ANCES & MEANS ?AT >E NOT MUTUALLY EXCLUSIVE & UPON :I*1 9 ! WOR/ SC5>IO1 A REVOLUTION>Y CAN DEF] TO MAJORITY OP9ION = ! SAKE ( ! NE$ = AGREEM5T4 

,BUT :5 IT COMES TO PROGRAMS ?AT >E1 OR >E BELIEV$ TO BE1 9COMPATIBLE1 H[ CAN Y\ EV] AMALGAMATE !M & BR+ TOGE!R FOLK :O FROM ! WORD 0GO0 MU/ BICK] & FI<T ) ONE ANO!R8 

,H[1 = 9/ANCE1 DO Y\ PROPOSE TO ORGANIZE ME ALONGSIDE A LEGALIT>IAN1 :5 ,I BELIEVE ?AT DRIV+ ! PEOPLE T[>DS ! BALLOT BOX & GETT+ !M TO HOPE ?AT P>LIAM5T CAN BR+ US RE=MS LIKELY TO MAKE \R TASK EASI]1 ALREADY MEANS BETRAY+ ! CAUSE ( SOCIALISM8 ,A LEGALIT>IAN1 AT BE/1 LOOKS UPON UNIV]SAL SUFFRAGE AS A GA9 ?AT CAN BE A GREAT BOO/ TO ! SOCIALI/ P>TY2 :]EAS ,I BELIEVE IT IS ! BE/ MEANS ! B\RGEOISIE HAS = OPPRESS+ & BLI!LY EXPLOIT+ ! PEOPLE4 ,HE SEES UNIV]SAL SUFFRAGE AS A FIR/ /EP 9 ! DIRECTION ( EMANCIPATION2 ,I SEE IT AS ! SECRET TO GETT+ ! SLAVE TO FA/5 HIS [N *A9S & A GU>ANTEE AGA9/ REVOLT1 GETT+ ! SLAVE TO BELIEVE HE IS ! MA/]4 

,SO H[ W\LD Y\ SEE US UNIT$8 ,:ILE HE WILL BE CAMPAIGN+ TO SECURE SU* VOT+ RI<TS &1 :5 HE GETS !M1 TO P]SUADE ! PEOPLE TO EX]CISE !M1 ,I WILL BE /RIV+ TO PREV5T VOT+ RI<TS BE+ GRANT$ OR1 IF !Y >E1 TO 5SURE ?AT ! BALLOT-BOXES >E EMPTY & HELD 9 CONTEMPT4 

,I DO NOT WI% TO DWELL UPON ! REASONS ( EI!R SIDE H]E4 ,NO MATT] :I* ( US IS RI<T1 IT MAKES NO DIFF]5CE TO ! FACT ?AT1 UNTIL SU* TIME AS ONE SIDE W9S ! O!R OV]1 WE CANNOT S]I\SLY HOPE TO SEE !M BE+ USEFUL MEMB]S ( ! SAME ORGANIZATION4 ,?IS IS NOT ! FIR/ TIME ,I HAVE ADVANC$ ?IS NOTION4 

,:5 ! VOLTE-FACE1 :I* IS N[ KN[N BY ! SLICK EUPHEMISM 0,CO/A'S EVOLUTION10 CAME AB\T1 ,CO/A DID ALL HE C\LD TO HIDE ! *ANGES HE WAS MAK+ TO \R %>$ PROGRAM & /ROVE TO PRES]VE ! P>TY'S UNITY--DESPITE ! %ATT]$ UNITY >\ND ! PROGRAM--BY 9SI/+ ?AT WE W]E ALL BASICALLY 9 AGREEM5T4 ,WE AL]T$ PEOPLE TO ! DANG]1 UND]L9$ ! DIFF]5CES1 & TRI$ TO SAVE ! REVOLUTION>Y P>TY1 EV5 AT ! PRICE ( SEE+ ITS RANKS ?9N$4 

,WE W]E OV]RUL$1 & 9/EAD ( !RE BE+1 AS !RE %\LD BE1 TWO CO-EXI/+ P>TIES ?AT W\LD SPUR EA* O!R ON1 :AT WE HAD 9/EAD WAS1 PRIM>ILY1 DISORGANIZATION1 IMPOT5CE1 P]SONALITY CLA%ES1 COOLNESS1 & A MUDDL+ ( ?+S & IDEAS4 ,& :]EV] ! P>TY REMA9$ MORE OR LESS UNIT$1 AS IT DID 9 ,ROMAGNA1 IT WAS BECAUSE ( BAMBOOZLEM5T & DECEPTIONS & A *ANGE ?AT WAS DESIGN$ TO >RIVE AT AN EXTREME LULLABY SOCIALISM1 & WAS SWALL[$ BY \R COMRADES AT AN UNDETECTABLE SNAIL'S PACE1 )\T !IR EV5 BE+ CONSCI\S ( :]E !Y W]E BE+ L$4 ,LUCKILY1 WE'VE SE5 SIGNS ?AT MAKE US HOPEFUL ?AT1 SOON1 ! /ALW>T SOCIALI/S ( ,ROMAGNA1 :O >E & HAVE ALWAYS BE5 REVOLUTION>IES1 WILL COME TO !IR S5SES1 SEE :]E !Y HAVE BE5 TRICK$1 & FEEL ALL ( ! \TRAGE & WOND] ?AT !Y W\LD HAVE FELT YE>S AGO1 HAD !Y BE5 TOLD !N ?AT 0Y\ >E TO HAVE A REPRES5TATIVE :O WILL SIT 9 ,HIS ,MAJE/Y'S P>LIAM5T ON BEHALF ( ! ,ROMAGNA DEMOCRATIC COALITION1 A COLLEAGUE & FRI5D TO ! B\RGEOISIE'S REPRES5TATIVES40 

,N[ ?AT 5LI<T5M5T HAS F9ALLY >RIV$1 DO WE WANT TO TRAVEL ONCE AGA9 ! V]Y TRAIL ?AT DID ! ,ITALIAN SOCIALI/ P>TY SO MU* DAMAGE1 & CALL = A S9K+ ( ! DEEP-SEAT$ DIFF]5CES BETWE5 US & BUILD A UNITY F\ND$ UPON A DECEITFUL \TW>D AGREEM5T8 

,?AT MI<T SUIT SOMEONE EAG] = A SEAT 9 ! B5*ES ( ,MONTECITORIO1.<#a.> :O !RE=E NE$S TO DO HIS BE/ TO MU/] A L>GE BODY ( VOT]S1 BUT IT WILL NOT SUIT US :O >E \T TO MAKE ! REVOLUTION4 

,)\T LETT+ \RSELVES BE DECEIV$ BY BELOV$ TRADITIONS RU9$ BEYOND RECOV]Y BY TREA*]Y1 9 PRACTICE TODAY !RE IS LESS REAL DIFF]5CE BETWE5 US & ! ACTION-ORI5T$ REPUBLICANS--) :OM WE CAN TRAVEL AT LEA/ ! FIR/ /AGE ALONG ! ROAD 7NAMELY1 >M$ 9SURRECTION AGA9/ ! MON>*Y7--?AN !RE IS BETWE5 US & ?OSE :O LULL ! SOCIALI/S & H>NESS SOCIALISM 9TO S]V+ ! 9T]E/S ( :I*EV] FACTION ( ! B\RGEOISIE F9DS IT EXP$I5T TO DRESS ITSELF 9 R$4 

,& ,CO/A %[$ ?AT HE WAS P]FECTLY WELL AW>E ( ! SITUATION :5 HE WAS %UNN$ BY ! SOCIALI/S 9 ,NAPLES & S\<T A RECOMM5DATION FROM ,BOVIO1 HAPPILY SITT+ AT A REPUBLICAN BANQUET ALONGSIDE ! ,HONORABLE ,MR4 ,APORTI4.<#b.> 

,LET ,CO/A DO :AT HE WILL3 WE %ALL NOT LIFT A F+] TO SL[ HIS POLITICAL D[NFALL S9CE WE REG>D HIM AS DOOM$ TO S9K TO ! BOTTOM ( ! SLIPP]Y SLOPE4 

,BUT LET US ORGANIZE \RSELVES4 

,YES1 LET US M>%AL ALL ( \R P>TY'S RES\RCES1 BUT LET US REMEMB] ?AT1 AS F> AS WE REVOLUTION>IES1 WE 9SURRECTIONI/S >E CONC]N$1 ?OSE :O UPHOLD P>LIAM5T>IANISM >E NOT WELCOME 9 \R P>TY4 

,IT WILL1 ASSUR$LY1 BE PA9FUL P>T+ COMPANY ) OLD COMRADES4 ,IT WILL AFFECT ME AS MU* AS ANYONE ELSE1 S9CE AMONG MY ADV]S>IES !RE >E DE> FRI5DS :O W]E1 = A LONG TIME1 MY COMPANIONS 9 PRISON1 9 EXILE1 9 POV]TY1 & :O WILL1 ,I HOPE1 BE MY COMPANIONS ON ! B>RICADES & %>E 9 \R VICTORY4 

,BUT :5EV] ! TALK TURNS TO ! 9T]E/S ( ! REVOLUTION1 ALL CONSID]ATIONS ( P]SONALITY MU/ BE SIL5C$4 ,WE REA* \T A H& TO ALL :O BELIEVE1 9 GOOD FAI?1 ?AT !Y S]VE ! REVOLUTION'S 9T]E/S & WE CL+ TO ! HOPE ?AT WE MAY SEE !M FOLL[ !IR HE>TS4 ,BUT \R P>TY %\LD BE \R P>TY & \R ORGANIZATION %\LD BE \R ORGANIZATION4 ,& ?AT ORGANIZATION %\LD BE ! ,9T]NATIONAL ,WORK+ ,M5'S ,ASSOCIATION1 :OSE PROGRAM1 HAT*$ OV] A LONG TIME1 R+S \T TODAY AS ,C,O,M,M,U,N,I,S,M1 ,A,N,>,*,Y & ,R,E,V,O,L,U,T,I,O,N4 

,SO1 COMRADES1 LET US CLOSE ! RANKS ( ?AT ASSOCIATION1 :I* ITS DES]T]S1 HAV+ TRI$ 9 VA9 TO KILL IT (F1 >E BUSY PROCLAIM+ DEAD1 BECAUSE ! ASSOCIATION'S EXI/5CE IS A /&+ REBUKE TO !IR BEHAVIOR1 & BECAUSE ! REMORSE ( AB&ON+ IT MAY BE PRICK+ !IR CONSCI5CE4 

,Y\RS1 ,5RICO ,MALATE/A.<#c.> 

.<#a.> ,MONTECITORIO IS ! SEAT ( ! ,ITALIAN ,*AMB] ( ,DEPUTIES4 

.<#b.> ,GIOVANNI ,BOVIO WAS A PHILOSOPH] & REPUBLICAN POLITICIAN1 & ,PIRRO ,APORTI WAS A S5ATOR ( ! EXTREME LEFT4 

.<#c.> ,?\< ,MALATE/A'S FIR/ NAME WAS ,]RICO1 MANY CALL$ HIM ,5RICO4 ,ACCORD+LY1 >TICLES & PUBLI%$ LETT]S (T5 CONTA9$ ! LATT] SPELL+ 9 HIS SIGNATURE4 

7,S\RCE3 0,C>I ,COMPAGNI DELL',ILOTA10 ,ILOTA 7,PI/OIA7 ,VOL4 #a1 ,NO4 #i1 #a ,APRIL #a#h#h#c47 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,APRIL #a1 #ahhc 3 ,DE> ,COMRADES AT ,ILOTA -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,M>* #b1 #bba 3 ,DE> ,COMRADES AT ,ILOTA -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #i1 #bbb 3 ,DE> ,COMRADES AT ,ILOTA -- ,UPDAT$4 

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