,EQUALITY .<PORTIONS.> 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,WILLIAM ,MORRIS 

,TEXT 3 

      ,IT IS USUAL :5 A ,SOCIALI/ IS ADDRESS+ AN AUDI5CE ( ?OSE :O WI% TO KN[ 
      :AT HIS ,SOCIALISM MEANS1 TO T\* LI<TLY ON ! AIM ?AT ,SOCIALISM HAS 9 VIEW 
      & TO DWELL *IEFLY ON ! MEANS BY :I* ?AT AIM IS TO BE REA*$4 ,! SPEAK] 
      ASSUMES 7USUALLY ,I AM GLAD TO ?9K ) REASON7 ?AT HIS AUDI5CE >E SUFFICI5TLY 
      ) HIM TO SYMPA?IZE ) HIS WI% TO BETT] ! PRES5T CONDITION ( AFFAIRS1 
      & >E EAG] TO KN[ :AT PROCESS HE PURPOSES TO !M AS ! MEANS = ! 
      BETT]+ ( ! LIFE ( ! GREAT MASS ( ! POPULATION2 IT IS NATURAL = PEOPLE 
      TO SAY TO AN E>NE/ RE=M]1 ,TELL US :AT IT IS ?AT Y\ WI% TO HAVE DONE AT 
      ONCE1 & !N WE WILL LOOK AT ! MATT]2 & ALL ! MORE NATURAL P]HAPS :5 
      ! AIM ( ! SPEAK] IS F>-REA*+ & ALL 9CLUSIVE1 :5 9 FACT HE IS 
      PREA*+ A *ANGE 9 ! BASIS ( SOCIETY & NOT A M]E PALLIATION ( ITS WOR/ 
      EVILS3 BECAUSE PEOPLE SAY1 & REASONABLY1 WE CANNOT BE EXPECT$ TO *ANGE ?AT 
      BASIS SUDD5LY1 TO GO TO SLEEP ON ,SATURDAY NI<T 9 \R PRES5T CONDITION & WAKE 
      UP ON ,MONDAY ) ! REVOLUTION ACCOMPLI%$ & EV]Y?+ GO+ SMOO?LY ) A 
      CONT5T$ POPULATION R\ND AB\T US4 ,!RE MU/ BE A LONG P]IOD ( HALF-=M$ 
      ASPIRATIONS1 ABORTIVE S*EMES1 D\BTFUL EXP]IM5TS1 & HALF & HALF MEASURES 
      9T]SP]S$ ) DISAPPO9TM5T1 REACTION1 & APA?Y BE=E WE GET ANY:]E NE> 
      ! BEG9N+ ( ! OBVI\S & DRAMATIC *ANGE :I* PEOPLE KN[ AS REVOLUTION1 
      & IT IS A MATT] ( C\RSE ?AT PEOPLE %\LD ASK ! W\LD-BE REVOLUTIONI/S 
      :AT ! FIR/ /EP IS TO BE1 & ?AT ,SOCIALI/ LECTUR]S G5]ALLY SP5D A GREAT 
      P>T ( !IR LECTUR+ TIME %[+ :AT ! FIR/ /EP MAY BE & HOLD 
      KE5 >GUM5T AB\T IT ) !IR AUDI5CES4 
     
     

      ,Y\ CANNOT H[EV] FAIL TO AGREE ) ME :5 ,I SAY ?AT NOT EV5 ! FIR/ /EP 
      CAN BE TAK5 UNTIL ! ADVOCATES ( A COMPLETE *ANGE HAVE MANAG$ TO P]SUADE A 
      SUFFICI5T NUMB] ( PEOPLE ?AT IT IS NECESS>Y1 & %\LD BE A *ANGE ( A 
      C]TA9 K9D4 ,IT IS TRUE ?AT !RE >E SOME PEOPLE ( A TIMID OR V]Y OPPORTUNI/S 
      M9D :O PRESS ON US ! NECESSITY ( LEAD+ PEOPLE ON BY LITTLE & LITTLE1 
      CONCEAL+ ! OBJECT !Y HAVE 9 VIEW1 UNTIL PEOPLE >E SO F> COMMITT$ TO ! 
      /EPS TO BE TAK5 T[>DS IT ?AT !Y CANNOT DRAW BACK AGA94 ,WE >E TOLD1 = 
      9/ANCE1 NOT TO USE ! WORD ,SOCIALISM1 BUT RA!R TO TELL PEOPLE ?AT :AT WE 
      WANT TO LEAD !M 9TO IS A K9D ( ADVANC$ DEMOCRACY & SO =?3 NAY1 ONE QUITE 
      +5U\S AU?OR HAS EV5 />T$ ! CURI\S P>ADOX ?AT IT IS POSSIBLE TO BE A 
      GOOD ,SOCIALI/ & A GOOD ,TORY AT ONE & ! SAME TIME4 
     
     

      ,N[ PASS+ BY ! QUE/ION :E!R OR NOT ?IS IS QUITE HONE/ ,I DO NOT ?9K IT 
      IS V]Y EFFECTIVE /RATEGY4 ,IF Y\ WANT TO CONV]T PEOPLE TO A NEW & UNPOPUL> 
      CRE$ ?AT OBVI\SLY HAS NO IMM$IATE MAT]IAL ADVANTAGES1 NO LOAVES & FI%ES1 TO 
      (F]1 Y\ MU/ NOT EXPECT AT FIR/ TO GET HOLD ( P]SONS :OSE 9TELLIG5CE IS 
      NOT SOME:AT ABOVE ! AV]AGE2 & TO SU* EXTRA 9TELLIG5T P]SONS Y\R 
      OPPORTUNISM WILL BE TOO TRANSP>5T = DECEPTION2 SO ,I ?9K IT IS ALWAYS BE/ TO 
      FACE ! MATT] FROM ! FIR/1 & TO SAY RI<T \T ?AT ,DEMOCRACY OR ,RADICALISM 
      IS NOT 9CIPI5T ,SOCIALISM AL?\< ! TWO ?+S HAVE SOME?+ 9 COMMON2 ?AT 
      IT IS NOT A SMALL *ANGE 9 LIFE ?AT WE ADVOCATE1 BUT A V]Y GREAT ONE2 ?AT 
      ,SOCIALISM WILL TRANS=M \R LIVES & HABITS1 & LEAVE ! GREAT] P>T ( ! 
      POLITICAL SOCIAL & RELIGI\S CONTROV]SIES ?AT WE >E N[ SO HOT AB\T 
      =GOTT51 USELESS & LIFELESS LIKE WRECKS /R&$ ON A SEA-%ORE444 
     
     

      ,BUT REMEMB] BE=E ,I GO ON ?AT ,I HAVE JU/ ADMITT$ ?AT !RE MU/ BE A 
      TRANSITIONAL P]IOD BE=E ?IS IDEAL CAN BE REALIZ$2 A TRANSITION DUR+ :I* 
      DEMOCRACY OR RADICALISM WILL WORK ITSELF \T BY P]=M+ ITS ULTIMATE FUNCTION ( 
      GETT+ RID ( ! FAG 5D ( ! IDEA SURVIV+ FROM ! EPO* BE=E ?IS1 ! 
      FEUDAL EPO*1 ( A HI]>*Y ( DIV9ELY APPO9T$ GOV]NM5T1 :I* IDEA TAKES 
      REFUGE N[ 9 PLACES QUITE UNEXPECT$ BY ! ,RADICALS ( #e YE>S AGO 9 ! =M 
      ( ! CLAIM ( AN >I/OCRACY ( 9TELLECT TO GOV]N ! AV]AGE MAN = HIS [N 
      GOOD EV5 IF HE SUFF]S BY IT444 
     
     

      ,HAV+ SAID SO MU* ,I MU/ N[ TELL Y\ :AT ,I MEAN BY EQUALITY1 SO ?AT 
      WE MAY NOT BEG9 BY A MISUND]/&+4 ,I HAVE ADVIS$LY US$ ! PHRASE EQUALITY 
      ( CONDITION2 = ( C\RSE ,I ADMIT ?AT IT IS .<NO.> MORE POSSIBLE ?AT M5 
      %\LD BE EQUAL 9 CAPACITY OR DESIRES OR TEMP]AM5T ?AN ?AT !Y %\LD BE 
      EQUAL 9 /ATURE OR WEI<T3 BUT 9 FACT IF !RE W]E NOT ?IS 9EQUALITY 9 ?IS 
      S5SE ,I D\BT IF WE C\LD HAVE EQUALITY ( CONDITION2 ,I ?9K 9 ?AT CASE WE 
      %\LD BEG9 AGA9 TO CREATE >TIFICIAL 9EQUALITIES & SO GET BACK TO SOME?+ 
      LIKE \R PRES5T CONDITION4 ,BUT ! V>IETY ( CAPACITY & GIFTS & TO A C]TA9 
      EXT5T ( DESIRES IS JU/ :AT WILL 5ABLE US 9 ! LONG RUN TO LIVE )\T 
      COMPETITION1 ?AT IS TO SAY )\T =CIBLY TAK+ FROM O!RS TO AGGR&IZE 
      \RSELVES2 S9CE IF \R LABOR W]E PROP]LY ORGANIZ$ IT W\LD BE EASY TO PRODUCE 
      5\< ( ALL ORD9>Y OBJECTS ( DESIRE TO SATISFY ! NE$S ( ALL2 & AS = 
      EXTRAORD9>Y OBJECTS ( DESIRE ! 9NATE V>IETY ( DISPOSITION W\LD PREV5T 
      COMPETITION :5 LIFE WAS EASY 5\< TO ALL[ EA* MAN TO SACRIFICE SOME?+ HE 
      DESIR$ LITTLE = SOME?+ HE DESIR$ MU* )\T =C+ SOMEONE ELSE TO =GO 
      HIS DESIRE444 
     
     

      ,AS ! /&>D ( LIVELIHOOD RISES ! DIFFICULTY ( SATISFY+ ITS NE$S BY NO 
      MEANS RISE ) IT2 ON ! CONTR>Y1 COOP]ATION GRADUALLY 9CREAS+1 AS IT MAKES 
      NEW OBJECTS ( DESIRE SO IT MAKES IT EASI] TO ATTA9 !M3 ! SAVAGE CAN KEEP 
      HIMSELF POORLY2 ! CIVILIZ$ WORKMAN WORK+ UND] A SY/EM ( COOP]ATION SO 
      9VOLV$ & ELABORATE ?AT IT IS A /&+ MIRACLE1 & AID$ ALSO BY MIRACUL\S 
      MA*9]Y1 BESIDES KEEP+ HIMSELF ALMO/ AS WELL AS ! SAVAGE1 CAN ALSO KEEP A 
      QUE51 A L&$ >I/OCRACY1 A H\SE ( LORDS & COMMONS1 AN >MY & NAVY1 ANNUAL 
      PIRATICAL W>S AGA9/ H>MLESS PEOPLE CAPABLE ( BE+ ROBB$1 AN ,IRI% 
      CON/ABUL>Y1 A ,P>NELL ,COMMISSION1 A GREAT POPULATION1 9 %ORT1 ( H>MFUL OR 
      USELESS P]SONS1 A MASS ( CORRUPTION1 LUXURY1 WA/E & CONFUSION SU* AS ! 
      WORLD HAS NEV] SE5 BE=E4 ,9 SOB] E>NE/ ALL !SE >TIFICIAL WANTS & WA/ES 
      \R LABOR PRODUCES1 & NO MAN :O HAS EV] ?\<T AB\T ! MATT] AT ALL CAN 
      D\BT ?AT A MAN WORK+ 9 CIVILIZATION ) COOP]ATION & BY MEANS ( 
      MA*9]Y & WORK%OP ORGANIZATION CAN PRODUCE MORE ?AN 5\< TO KEEP HIMSELF 9 
      M]E NECESS>IES1 OR ?AT IF HIS LABOR W]E PROP]LY ORGANIZ$ T[>D ! 
      PRODUCTION ( USEFUL ?+S !RE W\LD BE 5\< WEAL? PRODUC$ TO 5ABLE 
      EV]YONE TO LIVE COM=TABLY EXCEPT ?OSE :O W]E CRIM9ALLY IDLE4 ,IF ?IS IS ! 
      CASE IT IS CLE>LY [+ TO SOME HUGE BLUND] ?AT \R PRES5T GROSS 9EQUALITIES 
      EXI/2 IT IS [+ TO ! FACT ?AT \R SOCIETY HAS MISS$ ! AIM ( TRUE SOCIETY1 
      :I* ,I MU/ N[ AGA9 ASS]T TO BE ! SATISFACTION ( ! WANTS ( EV]YBODY 9 
      ! COMMUNITY 9 RETURN = ! EX]CISE ( !IR FACULTIES = ! B5EFIT ( ! 
      COMMUNITY4 ,OR AS ! =MULA ( US ,COMMUNI/S HAS IT3 ,TO EV]Y ONE 
      ACCORD+ TO HIS NE$S1 FROM EV]YONE ACCORD+ TO HIS CAPACITIES4' 
     
     

      444 ,IF ! PRES5T /ATE ( SOCIETY M]ELY BREAKS UP )\T A CONSCI\S EF=T AT 
      TRANS=MATION1 ! 5D1 ! FALL ( ,EUROPE1 MAY BE LONG 9 COM+1 BUT :5 IT 
      DOES1 IT WILL BE F> MORE T]RIBLE1 F> MORE CONFUS$ & FULL ( SUFF]+ ?AN 
      ! P]IOD ( ! FALL ( ,ROME444 
     
     

      ,! 9EQUALITY ( \R DAYS DIFF]S *IEFLY 9 TWO RESPECTS FROM ?AT ( ! ANCI5T 
      WORLD3 ,9 ! FIR/ PLACE IT IS MORE REAL & TR5*ANT ?AN ?AT ( ! ANCI5T 
      & /ILL MORE ( ! M$IEVAL WORLD3 ! ANCI5TS LIV$ SIMPLY1 ! M$IEVALS 
      RUDELY1 BUT WE LIVE DELICATELY & LUXURI\SLY3 !RE IS F> MORE COM=T OR LUXURY 
      TO BE %>$ BETWE5 US ALL ?AN !RE WAS 9 TIMES PA/4 ,BUT ?IS EXTRA WEAL? IS 
      NOT %>$ AT ALL AMONG ! L[] CLASSES2 ! ORD9>Y LABOR] IS 9 A WORSE 
      POSITION ?AN A SAVAGE LIV+ 9 A GOOD CLIMATE2 & CONSEQU5TLY HE IS AN 9F]IOR 
      ANIMAL TO ?AT SAVAGE4 ,ON ! O!R H& AS F> AS MAT]IAL ADVANTAGES GO ! 
      WELL-TO-DO MAN HAS ADVANC$ 5ORM\SLY ON HIS =E-RUNN]S1 ! CITIZ5 ( ! 
      ANCI5T WORLD & ! NOBLE ( ! M$IEVAL WORLD4 ,= ! WELL-TO-DO MAN ! WORLD 
      HAS PROGRESS$2 = ! LABOR] IT HAS NOT4 ,WE HAVE EXAGG]AT$ 9EQUALITY2 ?AT 
      IS ! FIR/ DIFF]5CE4 ,! SECOND IS ?AT ! 9EQUALITY ( ! OLD] WORLD WAS 
      >BITR>Y ON ! SURFACE4 ,\RS APPE>S AT FIR/ SI<T TO BE ! RESULT ( NATURAL 
      CAUSES4 ,!RE IS NO LEGAL >BITR>Y OB/ACLE TO A LABOR] RAIS+ HIMSELF 9TO ! 
      PRIVILEG$ CLASS1 & ?IS FACT IS ! SAFETY-VALVE TO \R SOCIETY ( 9EQUALITY1 
      :I* )\T IT W\LD AT ONCE EXPLODE 9 M]E VIOL5CE4 ,BUT ?IS SAFETY-VALVE IS 
      ! CREATION ( ! IDEAL ( COMM]CIAL SOCIETY :I* PUTS =W>D ! ACQUIREM5T 
      ( RI*ES AS ! ONE AIM ( LIFE2 I4E41 BIDS EV]Y MAN /RUGGLE TO ATTA9 
      A POSITION ( SOCIAL USEFULNESS AS ! REW>D ( LABOR3 :I* MEANS 9 PLA9 T]MS 
      ?AT \R SOCIETY IGNORES ALL SOCIETY BUT ?AT ( CLUB LAW3 
     
     

      ,?AT ?OSE %ALL TAKE :O HAVE ! P[] 
     
     

      ,& ?OSE %ALL KEEP :O CAN4 
     
     

      ,N[ ?IS SAFETY-VALVE1 CALL$ 9 ! IGNORANT ILLOGICAL %AM SCI5TIFIC J>GON ( 
      ! DAY1 ! LAW ( ! SELECTION ( ! FITTE/ APPLI$ TO SOCIETY1 IS BE+ AT 
      PRES5T ATTACK$ BY ! TWO GREAT =CES :I* RULE ! WORLD1 ,NECESSITY & 
      ,MORALITY4 ,& ,I SAY ONCE MORE ?AT IF WE PAY NO HE$ TO ! MATT] & GIVE IT UP 
      9TO ! H&S ( NECESSITY1 ,SOCIETY WILL EXPLODE VOLCANICALLY ) SU* A CRA% AS 
      ! WORLD HAS NOT YET WITNESS$4 
     
     

      444 :]E W\LD BE ALL ?OSE CLEV]NESSES1 GIFTS & VIRTUES ON :I* Y\ MU* 
      PRIDE Y\RSELVES8 ,AMONG ?OSE POOR PEOPLE W]E1 ,I KN[1 MANY & MANY :O MI<T NOT 
      P]HAPS HAVE BE5 MADE 9TO GREAT M51 BUT :O C]TA9LY MI<T HAVE BE5 MADE 9TO 
      HAPPY & USEFUL ONES444 
     
     

      ,OR DO Y\ ?9K1 AS SOME DO1 ?AT IT IS NOT ILL ?AT A HUNDR$ ?\S& H>MLESS 
      PEOPLE %\LD BE BOIL$ D[N ON ! FIRE ( MIS]Y TO MAKE ONE S+LE GLORI\S 
      GREAT MAN8 ,I HONE/LY BELIEVE ?AT !RE >E PEOPLE :O >E FOOLS 5\< TO ?9K 
      ?AT4 ,I ANSW] PLA9LY1 GREAT M5 >E N\RI%$ ON NO SU* S\P1 ?\< PRIGS MAY 
      BE2 IT IS ! HAPP9ESS ( ! PEOPLE ?AT PRODUCES ! BLOSSOM ( G5IUS4 ,BUT EV5 
      IF IT W]E SO ,I %\LD SAY ?AT ,I W\LD RA!R HAVE A HUNDR$ ?\S& HAPPY 
      P]SONS ?AN ONE G5IUS MADE UP ( MURD]444 
     
     

      ,NECESSITY ON ! ONE H& IS AS ,I HAVE SAID TURN+ ! COMPETITION ( ! 
      PRIVILEG$ 9TO COMB9ATION AGA9/ ! 9T]E/S ( ! PUBLIC1 & AT ! SAME 
      TIME 9 TURN+ ! COMPETITION ( ! WORK] 9TO COMB9ATION = 9T]E/S ( 
      LABOR1 I4E41 ALL HONE/ M53 & ON ! O!R H& MORALITY1 H] EYES 
      CLE>$ BY ! ADVANCE ( NECESSITY1 IS BEG9N+ TO REMEMB] ! ANCI5T LEG5D ( 
      ! FIR/ MURD]]1 & ! T]RIBLE ANSW] TO HIS VILE SNE]1 ,AM ,I MY BRO!R'S 
      KEEP]8 
     
     
      ,BIBLIOGRAPHICAL ,NOTE 
     
     
       ,TITLE 
     
     

      ,EQUALITY 
     
     
      ,DELIV]Y 
     
    #c? ,SEPTEMB] #ahhh AT AN OP5-AIR MEET+ ( ! ,CLAPHAM ,COMMON ,BRAN* ( ! ,S,D,F NE> ! MILLPOND ON ,CLAPHAM ,COMMON 
    #a#h? ,NOVEMB] #ahhh  AT A MEET+ SPONSOR$ BY ! ,NOTT+HAM ,SOCIALI/ ,CLUB AT ! ,SECUL> ,HALL1 ,BECK ,/REET1 ,NOTT+HAM 
    #b#e? ,NOVEMB] #ahhh AT A MEET+ SPONSOR$ BY ! ,FULHAM ,BRAN* ( ! ,S,L AT ! ,BRAN* ,ROOMS1 #h ,EFFIE ,ROAD1 ,WALHAM ,GRE5 
    #b#cRD ,DECEMB] #ahhh AT A MEET+ SPONSOR$ BY ! ,HAMM]SMI? ,BRAN* ( ! ,S,L AT ,KELMSCOTT ,H\SE1 ,HAMM]SMI? 
    #a#c? ,FEBRU>Y #ahhi AT A MEET+ SPONSOR$ BY ! ,$9BUR< ,BRAN* ( ! ,S,L,L AT ! ,QUE5 ,/REET ,HALL1 ,$9BUR< 
    #c#a/ ,M>* #ahhi AT A MEET+ SPONSOR$ BY ! ,S\?W>K & ,LAMBE? ,BRAN*ES ( ! ,S,D,F AT ! ,NELSON ,C(FEE ,TAV]N1 ,WE/M9/] ,BRIDGE ,ROAD1 ,LONDON 
    #a#d? ,APRIL #ahhi AT ! ,FULHAM ,LIB]AL ,CLUB AT ,WALHAM ,GRE51 ,LONDON 
    #i? ,FEBRU>Y #ahi  AT A MEET+ SPONSOR$ BY ! ,HAMM]SMI? ,BRAN* ( ! ,S,L AT ,KELMSCOTT ,H\SE 
     

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