,FLORES ,MAGON & ! ,MEXICAN ,LIB]AL ,P>TY 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,BRIAN ,MORRIS 

,TEXT 3 

,RIC>DO ,FLORES ,MAGON HAS BE5 DESCRIB$ AS ONE ( ! 9TELLECTUAL PRECURSORS ( ! ,MEXICAN REVOLUTION4 ,HE IS LITTLE KN[N \TSIDE ,MEXICO1 & EV5 )9 AN>*I/ CIRCLES & TEXTS HIS NAME IS LITTLE 5C\NT]$ -- AP>T FROM ! PIONE]+ /UDY ON HIM $IT$ BY ,DAVID ,POOLE 7#a#i#g#g74 ,BUT ,FLORES ,MAGON WAS AN IMPORTANT & 9FLU5TIAL AN>*I/ :OSE WRIT+S & ACTIVITIES HAD A CRUCIAL IMPACT ON ! ,MEXICAN REVOLUTION4 ,! ,MEXICAN ,LIB]AL ,P>TY1 HEAD$ BY ,FLORES ,MAGON1 WAS CLOSELY IMPLICAT$ 9 ! 9DU/RIAL /RIKES AT ,CANANEA & ,ORIZABA4 

,FLORES ,MAGON WAS BORN ON ,SEPTEMB] #a#f1#a#h#g#d1 9 ,SAN ,ANTONIO ,ELOXO*ITLAN 9 ! /ATE ( ,OAXACA4 ,HIS FA!R WAS A ,ZAPOTEC ,9DIAN & A FIRM BELIEV] 9 ! COMMUNAL [N]%IP ( L&2 HIS MO!R A ME/IZA4 ,:ILE /ILL Y\NG HIS FAMILY MOV$ TO ,MEXICO ,CITY :]E ,RIC>DO & HIS TWO BRO!RS ,JESUS & ,5RIQUE ATT5D$ S*OOL4 ,IT WAS :ILE AT ! ,ESCUELA ,NATIONAL ,PREP>ITORIA ?AT ,FLORES ,MAGON TOOK P>T 9 HIS FIR/ PROTE/ AGA9/ ! ,DIAZ DICTATOR%IP4 ,HE WAS *>G$ ) S$ITION & S5T5C$ TO FIVE MON?S IMPRISONM5T4 ,! FOLL[+ YE>1 #a#h#i#c1 HE JO9$ ! /AFF ( AN OPPOSITION NEWSPAP]1 ,EL ,DEMOCRATA4 ,BUT )9 A FEW MON?S ! PAP] WAS BANN$ BY ! GOV]NM5T & ITS /AFF >RE/$3 ,FLORES ,MAGON WAS LUCKY TO ESCAPE4 ,9 #ahie HE QUALIFI$ AS A LAWY]1 BUT HE DECID$ NOT TO PRACTICE LAW BUT 9/EAD TO DEVOTE HIMSELF TO POLITICAL ACTIVITIES & TO ! /RUGGLE AGA9/ ! HAT$ ,DIAZ REGIME4 ,HAV+ BECOME ACQUA9T$ ) ! WRIT+S ( ,R[1 ,MALATE/A & ,KROPOTK91 ,FLORES ,MAGON1 TOGE!R ) HIS BRO!R ,JESUS1 F\ND$ ! NEWSPAP] ,REG5]ACION1 ! FIR/ ISSUE APPE>+ 9 ,AUGU/ #a#i4 ,9ITIALLY A LAW J\RNAL1 ,REG5]ACION1 BY ! 5D ( ! YE>1 HAD BECOME MU* MORE RADICAL1 OP5LY ATTACK+ ! ,DIAZ GOV]NM5T4 

,9 ,FEBRU>Y #aia ,FLORES ,MAGON ATT5D$ ! FIR/ CONGRESS ( ,LIB]AL ,CLUBS1 HELD AT ,SAN ,LUIS ,POTOSI1 & IT WAS !RE ?AT HE FIR/ MET ,LIBRADO ,RIV]A4 ,ON ! 9ITIATIVE ( ,CAMILLO ,>RIAGA1 :OSE FA!R [N$ ONE ( ! L>GE/ SILV] M9ES 9 ! >EA1 ,LIB]AL ,CLUBS HAD BE5 =M$ ?R\<\T ,MEXICO4 ,>RIAGA WAS A M9+ 5G9E] & A =M] S5ATOR :O HAD BE5 DISMISS$ BY ,DIAZ4 ,! AIM ( !SE CLUBS WAS SPECIFICALLY TO COMBAT ! GR[+ SIGNIFICANCE ( ! CL]GY 9 ?IS C\NTRY4 ,BUT :ILE O!R DELEGATES AT ! CONGRESS W]E CONT5T TO SPELL \T !IR ANTI-CL]ICALISM1 ,FLORES ,MAGON MADE HIS FIR/ OP5 ATTACK ON ! ,DIAZ DICTATOR%IP4 ,HE D5\NC$ ! GOV]NM5T AS A 0D5 ( ?IEVES40 ,IT WASN'T LONG BE=E ! GOV]NM5T RESPOND$1 = 9 ,MAY HE WAS >RE/$ ALONG ) HIS BRO!R ,JESUS & S5T5C$ TO TWELVE MON?S ( IMPRISONM5T = 09SULT+ ! PRESID5T40 ,! ,LIB]AL ,CLUBS TOO W]E BROK5 UP BY ! POLICE & !IR MEMB]S IMPRISON$4 ,HIS Y\NG] BRO!R ,5RIQUE H[EV]1 CONT9U$ TO PUBLI% ,REG5]ACION1 ,RIC>DO MANAG+ TO SMUGGLE >TICLES HE HAD WRITT5 9 PRISON TO HIM4 ,IT WAS PR9T$ CL&E/9ELY4 ,ON HIS RELEASE FROM PRISON 9 ,APRIL #aib ,FLORES ,MAGON TOOK OV] AN ANTI-,DIAZ & SATIRICAL WEEKLY1 ,EL ,HIJO DEL ,AHUI-ZOTE4 ,BUT ?IS POPUL> PAP] WAS ALSO SOON SUPPRESS$ BY ! GOV]NM5T & 4,MAGON WAS AGA9 >RE/$ -- ALONG ) ,LIBRADO & HIS BRO!R ,5RIQUE -- ?IS TIME = 0RIDICUL+ PUBLIC (FICIALS40 ,HE WAS TO SP5D A FUR!R FIVE MON?S 9 ,BELEM PRISON4 ,9 ,JUNE #aic ! SUPREME C\RT ( ,MEXICO PASS$ AN $ICT =BIDD+ ! PUBLICATION ( ANY >TICLE WRITT5 BY ,FLORES ,MAGON4 ,REALIZ+ ?AT IT WAS NO LONG] PRACTICAL TO /AY 9 ,MEXICO AMID ! M\NT+ REPRESSION1 AT ! 5D ( #aic ,FLORES ,MAGON LEFT ,MEXICO TO SEEK REFUGE 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES1 :]E MANY LIB]ALS HAD ALREADY FL$4 ,9 EXILE HE WAS JO9$ BY A H&FUL ( CLOSE COMRADES2 ,5RIQUE1 ,LIBRADO ,RIV]A1 ,JUAN ,S>ABIA1 & ,ANTONIO ,I4 ,VILL>REAL4 ,BY ?IS TIME HIS ELD] BRO!R ,JESUS HAD GIV5 UP ! ANTI-,DIAZ /RUGGLE & HAD GONE TO ,MEXICO TO OP5 UP A LAW (FICE4 

,AFT] WORK+ SOME MON?S AS A LABOR] 9 ORD] TO RAISE FUNDS1 ,FLORES ,MAGON WAS ABLE TO RESUME ! PUBLICATION ( ,REG5]ACION4 ,?IS WAS 9 ,NOVEMB]1 #a#i#d4 ,?REE MON?S LAT] HE MOV$ FROM ,SAN ,ANTONIO TO ,/4 ,L\IS1 ,MISS\RI1 CONT9U+ TO PUBLI% ! WEEKLY NEWSPAP] ) ! HELP ( ,LIBRADO ,RIV]A4 ,9 ,SEPTEMB]1 #a#i#e1 ALONG ) ,S>ABIA1 ,VILL>REAL1 ,RIV]A & HIS BRO!R ,5RIQUE1 ,MAGON =M$ ! ,JUNTA ,ORGANIZADORA DEL ,P>TIDO ,LIB]AL ,MEXICANO -- ! GR\P MOTTO BE+ 0RE=M1 LIB]TY1 & JU/ICE40 ,:ILE 9 ,/4 ,L\IS ,MAGON & HIS ASSOCIATES E/ABLI%$ CLOSE L9KS ) ! ,WE/]N ,F$]ATION ( ,M9]S1 ! ORGANIZ]S ( ! ,9DU/RIAL ,WORK]S ( ! ,WORLD1 & SU* AN>*I/S AS ,EMMA ,GOLDMAN & ,FLOR5CIO ,BAZ>A1 ! LATT] BE+ A =M] COMRADE ( ,MALATE/A4 ,FLORES ,MAGON ATT5D$ ! LECTURES ( ,GOLDMAN & ! TWO AN>*I/S BECAME FIRM FRI5DS4 ,COPIES ( ,REG5]ACION W]E PO/$ BY ! GR\P TO ,MEXICO & !Y TRAVEL$ FROM H& TO H& )9 ! ,REPUBLIC4 ,EV5 ,ZAPATA IS SAID TO HAVE BE5 9FLU5C$ BY IT4 ,! ,LIB]AL ,P>TY ( ,MEXICO WAS LESS ( A POLITICAL P>TY ?AN A COORD9AT+ C5T] = RADICAL ACTIVI/S1 & IT REMA9$ AS SU* UNTIL #aiah :5 IT WAS DISB&$ [+ TO ! IMPRISONM5T ( ,MORES ,MAGON & ,RIV]A4 

,BUT )9 A MON? ( ! F\ND+ ( ! P>TY1 ,FLORES ,MAGON & HIS COMRADES W]E AGA9 BE+ H>ASS$ -- ?IS TIME BY ,P9K]TON DETECTIVES :O RAID$ ! (FICES ( ,REG5]ACION & TOOK ! PRESSES & (FICE EQUIPM5T4 ,FLORES ,MAGON & ,JUAN ,S>ABIA W]E >RE/$ W]E >RE/$4 ,RELEAS$ ON BAIL & FE>+ ?AT ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES GOV]NM5T W\LD EXTRADITE !M TO ,MEXICO1 !Y DECID$ TO FLEE TO ,TORONTO1 ,CANADA4 ,A REW>D ( @s#b1 WAS (F]$ = ! CAPTURE ( ,FLORES ,MAGON4 ,:ILE HE WAS 9 ,CANADA ! PROGRAM ( ! ,MEXICAN ,LIB]AL ,P>TY WAS PUBLI%$ 9 ,JULY #a#i#f4 

,AL?\< SOME:AT RE=MI/ 9 TONE1 = ITS TIME ?IS PROGRAM WAS EXTREMELY RADICAL1 & 9DE$ W5T MU* FUR!R ?AN ! ,MEXICAN CON/ITUTION ( #a#i#a#g4 ,DRAWN UP BY ! EXTREME LEFT W+ ( ,MEXICAN LIB]ALISM1 IT REPRES5T$1 AS ,GILLY WRITES1 0A MILE/ONE 9 ,RIC>DO ,FLORES ,MAGON'S EVOLUTION T[>DS AN>*ISM & AN UND]/&+ ( ! NE$ = AN >M$ SOCIAL REVOLUTION TO EXPROPRIATE ! CAPITALI/S & BIG L&[N]S0 7#a#i#h#c3 #e#g74 

,AMONG ITS MANY CLAUSES ! PROGRAM 9CLUD$3 ! ABOLITION ( ! DEA? P5ALTY1 ! SUPPRESSION ( COMPULSORY MILIT>Y S]VICE1 COMPLETE SECUL> $UCATION = *ILDR51 A MAXIMUM WORK+ DAY ( EI<T H\RS1 A BAN ON *ILD LABOR1 CANCELLATION ( ALL PEON-DEBT TO ! L&[N]S1 ! RE/ITUTION ( COMMUNAL L&S TO ! VILLAGES & ! PROTECTION ( ! ,9DIAN PEOPLES 7,FLORES ,MAGON #a#i#g#g74 

,9 ,SEPTEMB] ?AT SAME YE> ,FLORES ,MAGON MOV$ SECRETLY TO ,EL ,PASO & BEGAN TO ORGANIZE >M$ UPRIS+S AGA9/ ! ,DIAZ GOV]NM5T4 ,! FIR/ ( !SE TOOK PLACE 9 ! T[N ( ,JIM5EZ1 ,COAHUILA1 :5 A GR\P ( ?IRTY LIB]ALS TOOK CONTROL ( ! MA9 PLAZA BE=E BE+ =C$ TO )DRAW BY F$]AL =CES4 ,F\R DAYS LAT] ?REE HUNDR$ LIB]ALS ATTACK$ ,ACAYUCAN ,V]ACRUZ1 BUT AGA9 W]E =C$ TO )DRAW ?R\< LACK ( >MS4 ,SEV]AL O!R SMALL-SCALE ACTIONS TOOK PLACE 9 ! NOR? ( ! C\NTRY4 ,BY ?IS TIME ! ,P,L,M HAD =TY-F\R CL&E/9E GU]RILLA UNITS1 COMPRIS$ MA9LY ( WORK+ CLASS VOLUNTE]S1 & ,LIB]AL ,CLUBS W]E ACTIVE ?R\<\T ,MEXICO4 ,&1 AS WE HAVE NOT$1 !RE WAS WIDESPREAD LABOR UNRE/ ?R\<\T ! C\NTRY4 ,! CIRCULATION ( ,REG5]ACION )9 ,MEXICO1 ?\< UND]GR\ND1 WAS RECKON$ TO BE BETWE5 #b1 & #c1 COPIES4 ,BO? ,DIAZ & ! ,AM]ICAN /ATE DEP>TM5T W]E AL>M$ AT !SE EV5TS & ! ,AM]ICAN ,AMBASSADOR TO ,MEXICO WROTE TO ! DEP>TM5T ?AT ! ,P,L,M 0WORRI$0 ,DIAZ1 0H>M$ ,UNIT$ ,/ATES'0 BUS9ESS 9T]E/S & ADVOCAT$ 0AN>*ISM0 7,COCKCR(T #a#i#f#h3#a#c#g74 ,! UPRIS+S & /RIKES %OOK ,DIAZ4 ,! PEOPLE :O HAD BE5 SIL5T = SO LONG W]E N[ BEG9N+ TO SPEAK = !MSELVES4 ,HE BEGAN ! SY/EMATIC REPRESSION ( LIB]AL & WORK+ CLASS ORGANIZATIONS ?R\<\T ! C\NTRY4 ,! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES AU?ORITIES DID ! SAME & BEGAN ! HUNT = ,FLORES ,MAGON & HIS ASSOCIATES4 ,AFT] N>R[LY AVOID+ >RE/ SEV]AL TIMES1 ,FLORES ,MAGON F9ALLY SETTL$ 9 ,LOS ,ANGELES 9 ! SPR+ ( #a#i#g1 TO BE JO9$ BY ,ANTONIO ,I4 ,VILL>REAL & ,LIB-RADO ,RIV]A4 ,9 ,JUNE1 WORK+ CL&E/9ELY1 !Y BR\<T \T ! FIR/ ISSUE ( ,REVOLUCION4 ,9 ,AUGU/ ! ?REE M5 W]E >RE/$ )\T W>RANT BY 0DETECTIVES0 ( ! ,FURLONG ,DETECTIVE ,AG5CY :O W]E EMPLOY$ BY ! ,DIAZ DICTATOR%IP & :OSE SOLE AIM WAS ! TRACK+ D[N ( ,P,L,M ACTIVI/S4 ,!Y W]E PLAC$ ON TRIAL ! FOLL[+ MON? & W]E EV5TUALLY F\ND GUILTY ( VIOLAT+ ! NEUTRALITY LAWS & S5T5C$ TO BE DEPORT$ TO ,>IZONA :]E ! ALLEG$ (F5SE WAS SUPPOS$ TO HAVE TAK5 PLACE4 ,:ILE 9 PRISON ,FLORES ,MAGON SMUGGL$ \T PLANS = A SECOND UPRIS+ & 9 ,JUNE #aih 9SURRECTIONS BY ,P,L,M GR\PS OCCURR$ 9 ! /ATES ( ,BAJA ,CALI=NIA1 ,COAHUILA & ,*IHUAHUA1 UT AS 9 #aif ! REVOLT FAIL$ & WAS FOLL[$ BY ! USUAL REPRESSION4 ,AT ?IS TIME ,FLORES ,MAGON1 ,VILL>REAL & ,RIV]A W]E /ILL 9 JAIL 9 ,LOS ,ANGELES1 BUT !Y ALSO MANAG$ TO SMUGGLE \T A 0,MANIFE/O TO ! ,AM]ICAN ,PEOPLE10 EXPLA9+ !IR OBJECTIVES & ! REASON = !IR P]SECUTION BY ! ,AM]ICAN AU?ORITIES4 ,IT WAS PUBLI%$ 9 ,MO!R ,E>? 9 ,FEBRU>Y #a#i#h3 

0,:AT DO WE WANT8 ,! PROGRAM ( ! ,LIB]AL ,P>TY ISSU$ ON ! FIR/ ( ,JULY ( ! YE> #aif IS ! SUM & SUB/ANCE ( \R AIMS & ASPIRATIONS444 ,WE WANT BREAD = ALL4 ,WE CONSID] IT ABSURD ?AT A FEW PEOPLE %\LD POSSESS ! E>?1 & ! MANY NOT HAVE A PLACE TO LAY D[N !IR HEADS = RE/4 ,WE WANT1 !N1 ?AT ! L& BE ACCESSIBLE TO ALL1 JU/ ! SAME AS ! AIR1 ! LI<T1 ! W>M SUN RAYS >E !RE = ALL CREATURES ON E>?4 ,WE CONSID] IT ABSURD ?AT ?OSE :O NEI!R TOIL NOR PRODUCE %\LD 5JOY ALL AT ! EXP5SE '( ?OSE :O TILL & TOIL & HAVE A LIFE ( MIS]Y444 

,WE ?9K ?AT POLITICAL LIB]TY IS A BEAUTIFUL LIE SO LONG AS IT HAS NOT = ITS BASIS ECONOMIC LIB]TY & T[>DS ! CONQUE/ ( ?AT LIB]TY \R /EPS >E DIRECT$444 ,WE DEM& ?AT ! PROLET>IAT ( ,MEXICO ORGANIZE & BY DO+ SO 5ABLE ITSELF TO TAKE P>T 9 ! TREM5D\S /RUGGLE ?AT ALONE WILL LIB]ATE ! PROLET>IAT ( ?IS WORLD1 ! /RUGGLE :I* SOM$AY -- MAYBE 9 ! NE> FUTURE-WILL PLACE ALL ! GOODS ( ?IS E>? )9 ! REA* & P[] ( ALL HUMAN BE+S0 7,FLORES ,MAGON #a#i#g#g3#a#f74 

,IT WAS EVID5T ?AT )9 ! ,P,L,M ONLY ,FLORES ,MAGON1 HIS BRO!R ,5RIQUE & ,LIBRADO ,RIV]A FULLY 5DORS$ AN>*ISM2 ,JUAN ,S>ABIA1 ,ANTONIO ,I4 ,VILL>-REAL & ,CAMILLO ,>RIAGO BE+ ESS5TIALLY LIB]ALS4 ,VILL>REAL LAT] BECAME A /ALW>T ( ! CON/ITUTIONALI/S4 ,AL?\< DESCRIB+ HIMSELF AS A LIB]AL1 ,FLORES ,MAGON WAS FULLY AW>E ?AT HIS [N BASIC PHILOSOPHY & POLITICAL CR$O WAS AN>*I/4 ,9 A LETT] TO HIS BRO!R & ,PRAX$IS ,GU]R]O WRITT5 FROM PRISON 9 #a#i#h1 HE WROTE3 

0444,IF WE HAD CALL$ \RSELVES AN>*I/S FROM ! />T1 NO ONE1 OR AT BE/ A FEW1 W\LD HAVE LI/5$ TO US4 ,)\T CALL+ \RSELVES AN>*I/S WE HAVE FIR$ ! PEOPLES' M9DS ) HATR$ AGA9/ ! [N] CLASS & ! GOV]NM5T CA/E4 

,NO LIB]AL P>TY 9 ! WORLD HAS ! ANTI-CAPITALI/ T5D5CIES ( WE :O >E AB\T TO BEG9 A REVOLUTION 9 ,MEXICO & WE W\LD NOT HAVE BE5 ABLE TO A*IEVE ?IS HAD WE M]ELY CALL$ \RSELVES SOCIALI/S 9/EAD ( AN>*I/S4 ,?US EV]Y?+ IS A QUE/ION ( TACTICS4 

,WE MU/ GIVE L&S TO PEOPLE DUR+ ! C\RSE ( ! REVOLUTION2 ?US !Y WILL NOT BE DECEIV$4 ,WE MU/ ALSO GIVE !M POSSESSION ( ! FACTORIES1 M9ES1 ETC4 ,9 ORD] NOT TO HAVE EV]YBODY AGA9/ US1 WE %\LD CONT9UE TO CALL \RSELVES LIB]ALS DUR+ ! C\RSE ( ! REVOLUTION1 & WILL 9 REALITY CONT9UE PROPAGAT+ AN>*Y & EXECUT+ AN>*I/ ACTS0 7,FLORES ,MAGON #a#i#g#g3#a#g74 

,:]EAS ! ,BOL%EVIKS 9 ! ,RUSSIAN REVOLUTION PROCLAIM$3 0,ALL ,P[] TO ! ,SOVIETS0 & L& = ! PEASANTS 9 ORD] TO OBTA9 WORK+ CLASS SUPPORT1 ONLY TO 9/ITUTE /ATE CAPITALISM & A ONE-P>TY DICTATOR%IP1 ,FLORES ,MAGON PROCLAIM$ LIB]ALISM BUT WAS 9T5T ON E/ABLI%+ LIB]T>IAN SOCIALISM4 

,ON !IR RELEASE FROM PRISON 9 ,>IZONA1 :]E !Y HAD S]V$ AN EI<TE5 MON? S5T5CE1 ,MAGON1 ,RIV]A & ,VILL>REAL RETURN$ TO ,LOS ,ANGELES1 >RIV+ !RE 9 ,AUGU/ #a#i#a4 !Y IMM$IATELY BEGAN MAK+ PLANS = A ?IRD >M$ UPRIS+4 ,ALREADY PEASANT DISCONT5T HAD MANIFE/$ ITSELF1 = 9 ,MAY >\ND #ae >M$ PEONS HAD TAK5 ! T[N ( ,VALLADOLID1 ,YUCATAN1 & HAD HELD IT = F\R DAYS1 BE=E BE+ OV]:ELM$ BY ! F$]AL >MY4 ,! FOLL[+ MON? SEV]AL O!R UPRIS+S OCCURR$1 ALL 9 ! NAME ( ! ,P,L,M4 ,9 ,OCTOB] #aia ! MOTTO ( ! P>TY WAS *ANG$ TO 0,TI]RA Y ,LIB]-TAD0 -- L& & LIB]TY4 ,AS ,MAGON DECL>$ 9 AN $ITORIAL 9 ,REG5]ACION3 0,! ,L&6 %\T$ ,R[1 ! ,L&6 %\T$ ,F]R]1 ! ,L&6 %\TS ! ,MEXICAN REVOLUTION40 ,9 ! FOLL[+ MON? A LIB]AL L&[N] FROM ,OA-HUILA1 ,FRANCISCO ,MAD]O1 CALL$ ON ,MEXICANS TO RISE UP 9 >MS AGA9/ ! HAT$ DICTATOR1 ?IS IS SE5 BY MANY HI/ORIANS AS ! SIGNAL :I* H]ALD$ ! BEG9N+ ( ! ,MEXICAN REVOLUTION4 ,FROM ! \TSET ,FLORES ,MAGON REALIZ$ ! K9D ( POLITICAL REVOLUTION ?AT ,MAD]O 5VISAG$ WAS A LIMIT$ ONE4 ,AS HE WROTE3 

0444,GOV]NM5TS HAVE TO PROTECT ! RI<T ( PROP]TY ABOVE ALL O!R RI<TS4 ,DO NOT EXPECT !N1 ?AT ,MAD]O WILL ATTACK ! RI<T ( PROP]TY 9 FAVOR ( ! PROLET>IAT4 ,OP5 Y\R EYES4 ,REMEMB] A PHRASE1 SIMPLE & TRUE & AS TRU? 9DE/RUCTIBLE1 ! EMANCIPATION ( ! WORK]S MU/ BE ! WORK ( ! WORK]S !MSELVES0 7,REG5]ACION1 ,DECEMB] #a1 #a#i#a74 

,9 A CIRCUL> S5T \T BY ! ,P,L,M TO ALL ITS MEMB]S A MON? BE=E1 ! P>TY MADE IT CLE> ?AT IT WANT$ NO PACT OR ALLIANCE ) ! SUPPORT]S ( ,MAD]O4 ,! ,LIB]AL ,P>TY1 IT >GU$1 0WANTS POLITICAL & ECONOMIC FRE$OM BY H&+ OV] ! L& TO ! PEOPLE1 ! RAIS+ ( SAL>IES & ! L[]+ ( H\RS ( WORK1 & /OPP+ ! 9FLU5CE ( ! ,*UR* 9 GOV]NM5T & ! FAMILY4 ,! ANTI-RE-ELECTIONI/ P>TY 7( ,MAD]O7 WANTS ONLY POLITICAL FRE$OM LEAV+ ! L& TO ! CAPITALI/S1 ! WORK]S AS BEA/S ( BURD51 & ! CL]GY TO CONT9UE TO BRUTALIZE ! PEOPLE0 7,FLORES ,MAGON #a#i#g#g3 #a#h74 

,MAGON WAS CONV9C$ ?AT A POLITICAL REVOLUTION ALONE WAS A %AM1 & W\LD BR+ NO?+ BUT ANO!R TYRANT4 ,PUTT+ AN 5D TO ! DESPOTISM ( ,PORFIRIO ,DIAZ WAS 9SUFFICI5T2 A SOCIAL REVOLUTION ALSO HAD TO BE 9/IGAT$4 ,HE WROTE3 

0,POLITICAL LIB]TY REQUIRES AS AN ADJUNCT ANO!R LIB]TY TO BE EFFECTIVE1 & ?AT IS ECONOMIC LIB]TY4 ,! RI* 5JOY ECONOMIC LIB]TY AS WELL & = ?AT REASON1 9 REALITY1 !Y ALONE >E B5EFIT-T$ BY POLITICAL LIB]TY0 7,REG5]ACION1 ,DECEMB] #b#d1 #a#i#a74 

,IT WAS !N ) SADNESS ?AT ,FLORES ,MAGON LE>N$ ?AT BO? ,VILL>REAL & ,JUAN ,S>ABIA HAD DES]T$ ! ,P,L,M & JO9$ ! SUPPORT]S ( ,MAD]O4 ,HE WAS EQUALLY SADD5$ TO LE>N ( ! DEA? ( ,PRAX$IS ,GU]R]O4 ,A POET & AN>*I/1 ONLY 9 HIS LATE TW5TIES1 ,GU]R]O HAD BE5 MA9LY RESPONSIBLE = DIRECT+ ! >M$ 9SURRECTION4 ,BUT 9 ,DECEMB] #a#i#a1 :ILE LEAD+ A GR\P ( LIB]ALS 9 AN ATTEMPT TO TAKE ! T[N ( ,JANOS 9 ! /ATE ( ,*IHUAHUA1 ,GU]R]O WAS KILL$ 7,POOLE #a#i#g#h74 

,9 ! E>LY P>T ( #aiaa ,P,L,M =CES W]E P>TICUL>LY ACTIVE ESPECIALLY 9 ! NOR!RN /ATES ( ,BAJA ,CALI=NIA & ,SONORA4 ,BUT 9 ,MAY #aiaa EV5TS TOOK A DIFF]5T TURN :5 A PEACE TREATY WAS SIGN$ BETWE5 ,DIAZ & ,MAD]O4 ,) ,DIAZ'S RESIGNATION ON ,MAY #b#e? ! REVOLUTION AS F> AS ,MAD]O WAS CONC]N$ WAS OV]4 ,BUT = ,MAGON ! REVOLUTION WAS JU/ BEG9N+4 ,9EVITABLY A /RUGGLE 5SU$ BETWE5 ! ,P,L,M & ! ,MAD]I/ =CES4 ,! SITUATION WAS CLE>LY \TL9$ 9 A LETT] ?AT ,MAGON WROTE TO ,E4 ,E4 ,KIRK ?AT MON?3 

0444,! ,MEXICAN ,LIB]AL ,P>TY HAS NO COMPROMISE TO MAKE ) EI!R ,DIAZ OR ,MAD]O4 ,! PROPOS$ PEACE TREATY BETWE5 ,DIAZ & ,MAD]O WILL NOT /OP ! REVOLUTION>Y ACTIVITY ( ! ,LIB]ALS1 NOR ! ACTIVITY ( ! O!R REVOLUTION>Y =CES 9DEP5D5T ( ,MAD]O444 ,MAD]O IS NOT ! REVOLUTION4 ,MAD]O IS SIMPLY A LEAD] ( =CES AT PRES5T UND] HIS COMM&4 

,! ,MEXICAN ,LIB]AL ,P>TY HAS >M$ =CES 9 ALL ! /ATES ( ! ,MEXICAN REPUBLIC1 & HAS ! NOR!RN PORTION ( ,L[] ,CALI=NIA 9 COMPLETE CONTROL4 

,! REVOLUTION ( ! ,MEXICAN ,LIB]AL ,P>TY IS NOT A POLITICAL BUT A TRUE ECONOMIC REVOLUTION0 7,FLORES ,MAGON #a#i#g#g3 #b#a74 

,MAD]O S5T ,JUAN ,S>ABIA & ,FLORES ,MAGON'S ELD] BRO!R ,JESUS TO ,LOS ,ANGELES HOP+ TO 9DUCE ! AN>*I/ TO CALL (F ! >M$ 9SURRECTIONS4 ,BUT ,FLORES ,MAGON REFUS$4 ,ONLY :5 ! SOCIAL REVOLUTION WAS COMPLETE & ! PEASANTS & URBAN WORK]S HAD CONTROL ( ! MEANS ( PRODUCTION W\LD HE GIVE UP ! /RUGGLE4 

,ALMO/ IMM$IATELY ,MAD]O LAUN*$ A CAMPAIGN AGA9/ ! ,P,L,M =CES )9 ,MEXICO4 ,AT ! 5D ( ,JUNE ,MAD]O'S =CES 9 ,SONORA CAPTUR$ & %OT #bh ,P,L,M P>TISANS1 & SOON AFT]W>DS ! F$]AL >MY WAS S5T TO ,BAJA ,CALI=NIA TO PUT D[N ! REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5T !RE4 ,BECAUSE ! ,MAGONI/AS ADVOCAT$ ! DE/RUCTION ( PRIVATE PROP]TY ,MAD]O IS SAID TO HAVE DI/RU/$ & DETE/$ !SE SOCIAL REVOLUTION>IES 7,RUIZ #a#i#h3 #a#d#d74 ,MANY MEMB]S ( ! ,P,L,M ?R\<\T ! C\NTRY W]E BE+ JAIL$ 9 #aiaa BY ! SUCCESSOR ( ,DIAZ4 

,9 ,APRIL #aiaa ! LEAD+ FIGURES ( ! ,P,L,M /ILL 9 EXILE 9 ,LOS ,ANGELES -- ,RIC>DO & ,5RIQUE ,FLORES ,MAGON1 ,ANTONIO DE ,P4 ,>AUJO1 ,ANSELMO ,L4 ,FIGU]OA & ,LIBRADO ,RIV]A -- ISSU$ A 0,MANIFE/O TO ! ,WORK]S ( ! ,WORLD40 ,IT EXPLA9$ ?AT ! PEOPLE ( ,MEXICO1 UND] ! BANN] ( ! ,R$ ,FLAG1 HAD = F\R MON?S BE5 9 OP5 REBELLION AGA9/ !IR OPPRESSORS4 ,& TAK+ P>T 9 ! 9SURRECTION 9 SUPPORT ( ! PEOPLE >E 0?OSE :O KN[ ?AT ! EMANCIPATION ( ! WORK]S \<T TO BE ACCOMPLI%$ BY ! WORK]S !MSELVES1 ?OSE CONV9C$ ( DIRECT ACTION1 ?OSE :O D5Y ! 'SACR$' RI<T ( PROP]TY1 ?OSE :O DO NOT TAKE UP >MS = ! PURPOSE ( RAIS+ ANY MA/] TO P[]1 BUT TO DE/ROY ! *A9S ( WAGE SLAV]Y40 ,SU* REVOLUTIONI/S W]E REPRES5T$ BY ! ,MEXICAN ,LIB]AL ,P>TY GR\P4 ,!Y W]E NOT 5GAG$ 9 /RUGGLE M]ELY 0TO DE/ROY ! DICTATOR ,PORFIRIO ,DIAZ 9 ORD] TO PUT 9 HIS PLACE A NEW TYRANT4 ,! ,MEXICAN ,LIB]AL ,P>TY IS TAK+ P>T 9 ! ACTUAL 9SURRECTION ) ! DELIB]ATE & FIRM PURPOSE ( EXPROPRIAT+ ! L& & ! MEANS ( PRODUCTION & H&+ !M OV] TO ! PEOPLE1 ?AT IS1 TO EA* & EV]Y ONE ( ! 9HABITANTS ( ,MEXICO1 )\T DI/9CTION ( SEX40 

,! ,MANIFE/O REPUDIATES ! P>TY ( ,MAD]O1 A MILLIONAIRE :O HAS SE5 HIS FABUL\S =TUNE GR[ ) ! SWEAT & TE>S ( ! PEONS ( HIS HACI5DAS4 ,HIS P>TY IS A PURELY POLITICAL & CONS]VATIVE P>TY1 9T]E/$ ONLY 9 E/ABLI%+ A B\RGEOIS REPUBLIC & PROTECT+ PRIVATE PROP]TY4 ,IT CALLS = POLITICAL & MAT]IAL SUPPORT = ! SOCIAL REVOLUTION 9 ,MEXICO4 

,9 ,SEPTEMB] #aiaa A SECOND MANIFE/O WAS PUBLI%$ BY ! SAME ORGANIZ+ GR\P1 & IT MI<T BE USEFUL TO QUOTE A FEW EXTRACTS AS IT GIVES A COG5T \TL9E ( ! LIB]T>IAN SOCIALI/ T5D5CY ( ! ,P,L,M4 

0,BUT = ! PR9CIPLE ( PRIVATE PROP]TY !RE W\LD BE NO REASON = GOV]NM5T1 :I* IS NE$$ SOLELY TO KEEP ! DIS9H]IT$ FROM GO+ TO EXTREMES 9 !IR COMPLA9TS OR REBELLIONS AGA9/ ?OSE :O HAVE GOT 9TO !IR POSSESSION ! SOCIAL WEAL?4 ,NOR W\LD !RE BE ANY REASON = ! *UR*1 :OSE SOLE EXCLUSIVE OBJECT IS TO /RANGLE 9 ! HUMAN BE+ ! 9NATE SPIRIT ( REVOLT AGA9/ OPPRESSION & EXPLOITATION1 BY ! PREA*+ ( PATI5CE1 ( RESIGNATION & ( HUMILITY444 ,CAPITAL1 ,AU?ORITY1 ! ,*UR* -- !RE Y\ HAVE ! SOMB] TR9ITY ?AT MAKES ( ?IS BEAUTE\S E>? A P>ADISE = ?OSE :O1 BY CUNN+1 VIOL5CE & CRIME1 HAVE BE5 SUCCESSFUL 9 GA!R+ 9TO !IR CLUT*ES ! PRODUCT ( ! TOIL]'S SWEAT1 ( ! BLOOD1 ( ! TE>S & SACRIFICES ( G5]ATIONS ( WORK]S2 BUT A HELL = ?OSE :O1 ) MUSCLE & 9TELLIG5CE1 TILL ! SOIL1 SET ! MA*9]Y 9 MOTION1 BUILD ! H\SES1 & TRANSPORT ! PRODUCTS4 ,?US HUMANITY REMA9S DIVID$ 9TO TWO CLASSES :OSE 9T]E/S >E DIAMETRICALLY OPPOS$ -- ! CAPITALI/ CLASS & ! WORK+ CLASS444 

,MEXICANS6 ,! ,MEXICAN ,LIB]AL ,P>TY RECOGNIZES ?AT EV]Y HUMAN BE+ BY ! V]Y FACT ( HIS COM+ 9TO LIFE1 HAS A RI<T TO 5JOY EA* & EV]Y ONE ( ! ADVANTAGES MOD]N CIVILIZATION (F]S1 BECAUSE ?OSE ADVANTAGES >E ! PRODUCT ( ! EF=TS & SACRIFICES ( ! WORK+ CLASS FROM ALL TIME444 

,EXPROPRIATION MU/ BE PURSU$ TO ! 5D1 AT ALL CO/S1 :ILE ?IS GR& MOVEM5T LA/S444 ,EXPROPRIATION MU/ NOT BE LIMIT$ TO TAK+ POSSESSION ( ! L& & ! IMPLEM5TS ( AGRICULTURE ALONE4 ,!RE MU/ BE A RESOLUTE TAK+ POSSESSION ( ALL ! 9DU/RIES BY ?OSE WORK+ 9 !M1 :O %\LD BR+ IT AB\T SIMIL>LY ?AT ! L&S ! M9ES1 ! FACTORIES1 ! WORK%OPS1 ! F\NDRIES444 %ALL BE 9 ! P[] ( EA* & EV]Y ONE ( ! 9HABITANTS1 )\T DI/9CTION ( SEX444 

,LIB]TY & WELL-BE+ >E )9 \R GRASP4 ,! SAME EF=T & ! SAME SACRIFICES ?AT >E REQUIR$ TO RAISE P[] TO A GOV]NOR -- SAY A TYRANT -- WILL A*IEVE ! EXPROPRIATION ( ! =TUNES ! RI* KEEP FROM Y\4 ,IT IS = Y\1 !N1 TO *OOSE4 ,EI!R A NEW GOV]NOR- -- ?AT IS TO SAY1 A NEW YOKE -- OR LIFE-R$EEM+ EXPROPRIATION & ! ABOLITION ( ALL IMPOSITION1 BE ?AT IMPOSITION RELIGI\S1 POLITICAL OR ( ANY O!R K9D4 ,L& & ,LIB]TY60 7,FLORES ,MAGON #a#i#g#g3 #i#g-#a#c74 

,9 ?AT SAME MON? -- ,SEPTEMB] #a#i#a#a- -- RESPOND+ TO ! CRITICISM ( =M] COLLEAGUES ?AT ,MEXICO WAS ILL-PREP>$ = EI!R AN>*ISM OR SOCIALISM1 ,FLORES ,MAGON WAS TO WRITE ?AT ! ,MEXICAN PEOPLE 9/9CTIVELY HAT$ AU?ORITY & ! B\RGEOISIE & ?AT MUTUAL AID & COMMUNAL PROP]TY WAS ! RULE AMONG ,9DIAN COMMUNITIES 9 ,MEXICO1 UNTIL ! 0POLITICAL & MONEY B&ITS IMPUD5TLY ROBB$ PEOPLE ( L&S1 =E/1 EV]Y?+0 7,REG5]ATION1 ,SEPTEMB] #b1 #a#i#a#a74 

,BY ! 5D ( #aiaa ! ,P,L,M W]E 9 OP5 OPPOSITION AGA9/ ,MAD]O1 :O 9 ,OCTOB] HAD BECOME PRESID5T4 ,! FOLL[+ MON? ,EMILIANO ,ZAPATA ALSO REBELL$ AGA9/ ,MAD]O & 9 ,NOVEMB] ISSU$ HIS PLAN = ,AYOLA4 ,ZAPATA ADOPT$ ! SLOGAN ( ! ,P,L,M 0,L& & ,LIB]TY0 & MANY ( HIS IDEAS W]E CLE>LY D]IV$ FROM ,FLORES ,MAGON4 ,( ALL ! REVOLUTION>Y GR\PS )9 ,MEXICO IT WAS ONLY ! ,ZAPATI/AS ) :OM ! ,P,L,M HAD ANY CONNECTION4 ,AS ,5RIQUE ,MAGON PUT IT3 

0444,!SE ,AGR>IANS 7,ZAPATI/AS7 & ! ,LIB]ALS WORK TOGE!R [+ TO ! FACT ?AT ! =M] >E DIRECT ACTIONI/S1 AL?\< !Y /ILL ?9K A GOV]NM5T IS NE$$4 ,!Y TOO1 AS ! ,LIB]ALS1 HAVE BURN$ TO A%ES ! PRIVATE PROP]TY DE$S AS WELL AS ALL (FICIAL RECORDS2 HAVE ?R[N D[N ?AT M>K$ PRIVATE PROP]TIES444 ,SO ,LIB]ALS & ,AGR>IANS WORK TOGE!R 9 CONJUNCTION & GOOD H>MONY0 7QUOT$ 9 ,POOLE #a#i#g#g3 #h#c74 

,AL?\< ,ZAPATA WAS AN AGR>IAN SOCIALI/1 HE WAS NOT AS WE %ALL SEE1 AN AN>*I/4 

,9 ,JUNE #aiab ,FLORES ,MAGON & ?REE ( HIS ASSOCIATES W]E AGA9 >RE/$ = ALLEG$ VIOLATION ( ! NEUTRALITY LAWS4 ,!Y W]E S5T5C$ TO TW5TY-?REE MON?S IMPRISONM5T4 ,:5 ! S5T5CES W]E KN[N !RE WAS A MASS DEMON/RATION \TSIDE ! C\RTROOM4 ,IT WAS BROK5 UP BY ! POLICE :O MADE SEV]AL >RE/S4 ,:ILE ! ,P,L,M GR\P W]E IMPRISON$1 ,REG5]ACION CONT9U$ PUBLICATION1 $IT$ BY SU* PEOPLE AS ,ANTONIO DE ,P4 ,>AUJO1 ,ALB]TO ,TELLEZ1 ,TEODORO ,GAITAN & ! ,5GLI% AN>*I/ ,W4,C4 ,[54 ,:ILE ,MAGON WAS 9 ,MC,NEIL ,ISL& ,PRISON L& EXPROPRIATIONS CONT9U$ TO TAKE PLACE 9 ,MEXICO4 

,ON HIS RELEASE FROM PRISON 9 ,JANU>Y #aiad ,FLORES ,MAGON AGA9 ?REW HIMSELF 9TO ! /RUGGLE4 ,HIS BRO!R ,5RIQUE & ,LIBRADO W]E ALSO FRE$ FROM ! ,MC,NEIL ,ISL& ,PRISON4 ,= A :ILE ! JUNTA ( ! ,P,L,M LIV$ 9 A COMMUNE ON A SMALL F>M ON ! \TSKIRTS ( ,LOS ,ANGELES4 ,T[>DS ! 5D ( ! YE> ! PUBLICATION ( ,REG5]ACION HAD TO BE SUSP5D$ BECAUSE ( LACK ( FUNDS4 ,9 ,FEBRU>Y #aiaf ,FLORES ,MAGON & HIS BRO!R W]E AGA9 >RE/$ -- ?IS TIME ACCUS$ BY ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES' ,PO/AL AU?ORITIES ( S5D+ MAT]IAL ?R\< ! PO/ ?AT 9CIT$ 0MURD]1 >SON & TREASON40 ,!Y W]E RELEAS$ ON BAIL1 PUT UP BY ,B]KMAN & ,GOLDMAN4 ,BY ?IS TIME ,MAD]O HAD BE5 ASSASS9AT$1 & ANO!R WEAL?Y AC5DADO1 ,V5US-TIANO ,C>RANZA1 HAD BECOME PRESID5T ( ,MEXICO4 ,! PUBLICATION ( ,REG5]ACION WAS RESUM$ 9 #aiaf & ,FLORES ,MAGON WROTE SCA?+ >TICLES CRITICIZ+ ! ,C>RANZA REGIME1 P>TICUL>LY ITS USE ( ! URBAN WORK]S1 ! 0,R$ ,BATTALIONS0 TO CRU% ! ,ZAPATI/AS4 ,FLORES ,MAGON APPEAL$ TO ! WORK]S3 

0,BY TAK+ >MS AGA9/ ! WORK]S ( ! FIELDS10 HE WROTE1 0Y\ HAVE TAK5 >MS AGA9/ Y\R [N 9T]E/S1 BECAUSE ! 9T]E/S ( ! EXPLOIT$ >E ! SAME :E!R !Y USE ! PL[ OR ! HAMM]4 ,Y\ HAVE %OT D[N Y\R CLASS BRO!RS1 ! ,ZAPATI/AS & ! AN>*I/S ( ! ,MEXICAN ,LIB]AL ,P>TY ) IMPUNITY1 BUT 9 ?IS WAY Y\ HAVE /R5G!N$ ! 5EMY1 ! B\RGEOISIE0 7,FLORES ,MAGON #a#i#g#g3 #b#g74 

,DESPITE 9CREAS+ ILL HEAL?1 = HE SUFF]$ FROM DIABETES & FAIL+ EYESI<T1 ,FLORES ,MAGON CONT9U$ TO ADDRESS MEET+S & ) ! HELP ( ,5RIQUE & ,LIBRADO TO KEEP ,REG5]ACION GO+ ON AN 9T]MITT5T BASIS -- 9 SPITE ( ! REPRESSION4 ,9 ,M>* #a#i#a#h1 TOGE!R ) ,LIBRADO1 HE PUBLI%$ A MANIFE/O TO ! ,AN>*I/S & ,WORK]S ( ! ,WORLD SUGGE/+ ?AT ! DEMISE ( ! 0OLD SOCIETY0 WAS AT H&1 & 5C\RAG+ EV]YONE TO FAN ! FLAMES ( DISCONT5T ?AT HAD BE5 LIT BY TYRANNY4 ,*>G$ ) VIOLAT+ ! ,ESPIONAGE ,LAWS ,FLORES ,MAGON & ,LIBRADO ,RIV]A W]E AGA9 >RE/$ 9 ,M>* #a#i#a#h4 ,MAGON WAS GIV5 A SAVAGE S5T5CE ( TW5TY-TWO YE>S IMPRISONM5T4 ,AFT] A P]IOD 9 ,MC,NEIL ,ISL& ,PRISON1 ,HE WAS S5T TO ,LEAV5WOR? ,PRISON 9 ,KANSAS4 ,HIS HEAL? RAPIDLY DET]IORAT$ DUE TO A LACK ( PROP] M$ICAL ATT5TION4 ,9 #aib HE WAS (F]$ A P5SION BY ! ,MEXICAN GOV]NM5T BUT ?IS HE DECL9$4 ,TWO YE>S LAT] ) ! F\ND+ ( ! AN>*O-SYNDICALI/ ,CONF$]ACION ,G5]AL DE ,TRABAJADORES 7,C,G,T7 A CAMPAIGN WAS LAUN*$ 9 ,MEXICO CALL+ = ! RELEASE ( ,FLORES ,MAGON & ,RIV]A1 & ! BOYCOTT+ ( ,U,S GOODS4 ,BUT ! ACTION CAME TOO LATE1 = ,FLORES WAS F\ND DEAD 9 HIS CELL ON ,NOVEMB] #b#b1 #a#i#b#b4 ,IT WAS ALLEG$ ?AT HE DI$ ( A HE>T ATTACK1 BUT ACCORD+ TO ,LIBR&O ,RIV]A HE HAD BE5 MURD]$ BY ! PRISON AU?ORITIES4 ,HE WAS =TY-EI<T4 ,WORK]S FROM ! ,CONF$]ATION ( ,RAILWAY ,SOCIETIES TRANSPORT$ HIS BODY BACK TO ,MEXICO4 ,AT EV]Y T[N :]E ! CORTEGE /OPP$1 ?\S&S ( WORK]S GA!R$ TO PAY !IR RESPECTS1 WAV+ BLACK & R$ FLAGS4 ,9 ,MEXICO ,CITY >\ND T5 ?\S& WORK]S ATT5D$ ,FLORES ,MAGON'S FUN]AL4 ,= YE>S HIS BRO!R ,JESUS1 :O BECAME A PROM95T LAWY] & A MEMB] ( ,MAD]O'S GOV]NM5T1 HAD TRI$ TO P]SUADE HIM TO GIVE UP POLITICS & RETURN TO ,MEXICO1 BUT ,FLORES ,MAGON ALWAYS REMA9$ FANATICALLY LOYAL TO ! AN>*I/ CAUSE4 

,! FOLL[+ YE> HIS BRO!R ,5RIQUE & ,LIBRADO ,RIV]A W]E RELEAS$ FROM PRISON 7,POOLE #a#i#g#g3 #h#c74 ,RIV]A SETTL$ 9 ,MEXICO & CONT9U$ TO SPREAD AN>*I/ PROPAG&A1 $IT+ ! AN>*I/ P]IODICAL ,SAGIT>IO4 ,HE WAS IMPRISON$ SEV]AL TIMES & WAS KILL$ 9 AN AUTOMOBILE ACCID5T 9 #a#i#c#b4 ,= MORE ?AN TW5TY YE>S HE HAD BE5 A CLOSE FRI5D & COLLEAGUE ( ,FLORES ,MAGON4444 

,REF]5CES3 

,COCKCR(T1 ,J4,D4 #a#i#f#h4 ,9TELLECTUAL ,PRECURSORS ( ! ,MEXICAN ,REVOLUTION #a#i#a-#a#i#a#c4 ,AU/93 ,UNIV4 ,TEXAS ,PRESS4 

,FLORES ,MAGON1 ,R4 #a#i#g#g4 ,L& & ,LIB]TY6 ,AN>*I/ ,9FLU5CES 9 ! ,MEXICAN ,REVOLUTION4 ,$4 ,DAVID ,POOLE4 ,ORKNEY3 ,CI5FUEGOS ,PRESS4 

,GILLY1 ,A4 #a#i#h#c4 ,! ,MEXICAN ,REVOLUTION4 ,LONDON3 ,N,L,B ,PRESS4 ,ORIG4 #a#i#g#a4 

,POOLE1 ,D4 #a#i#g#g4 ,RIC>DO ,FLORES ,MAGON & ! ,MEXICAN ,REVOLUTION4 ,AN>*4 ,REV4 #a_/#c3 #h#a-#h#c4 ,CI5FUEGOS ,PRESS4 #a#i#g#h4 ,! ,AN>*I/S & ! ,MEXICAN ,REVOLUTION #b3 ,PRAX$IS ,G4 ,GU]R]O 7#a#h#h#b-#a#i#a74 ,AN>*4 ,REV4 #a_/#d3 #f#h-#g#b4 ,CI5FUEGOS ,PRESS4 #a#i#h4 ,LIBRADO ,RIV]A4 ,AN>*4 ,REV4 #a_/#e3#a#e-#a#i4 ,CI5FUEGOS ,PRESS4 

,RUIZ1 ,R4 ,E4 #a#i#h4 ,! ,GREAT ,REBELLION1 ,MEXICO #a#i#e-#a#i#b#d4 ,NEW ,YORK3 ,NORTON4 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,FEBRU>Y #a#b1 #bba 3 ,FLORES ,MAGON & ! ,MEXICAN ,LIB]AL ,P>TY -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #g1 #bbb 3 ,FLORES ,MAGON & ! ,MEXICAN ,LIB]AL ,P>TY -- ,UPDAT$4 

 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3  
HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/