,G#b ,MOBILIZATION3 ,PRELIM9>Y ,ASSESSM5T 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,CRIME?,9C4 

,TEXT 3 

,! REPORTS >E COM+ 91 & MANY P>TICIPANTS >E DESCRIB+ ! ,G#b PROTE/S 9 ,PITTSBUR< AS A SUCCESS4 ,?IS IS EXCIT+ NEWS2 ! ,U,S AN>*I/ MOVEM5T HASN'T PULL$ (F AN UNEQUIVOCALLY SUCCESSFUL NATIONWIDE MOBILIZATION 9 HALF A DECADE OR MORE4 ,AT ! SAME TIME1 SUCCESS 5TAILS RISKS ( ITS [N3 WE MAY OV]LOOK ! ?+S WE DIDN'T DO WELL1 TAKE CR$IT = ?+S \TSIDE \R ACTUAL 9FLU5CE1 OR FIXATE ON ATTEMPT+ TO REPEAT \RSELVES4 ,MEAN:ILE ! AU?ORITIES1 :O (T5 EXAGG]ATE \R EFFECTIV5ESS TO JU/IFY REPRESS+ US1 APPE> TO BE UND]/AT+ ! EXT5T ( AN>*I/ DAMAGE & DISRUPTION 9 ,PITTSBUR<1 P]HAPS TO D[NPLAY ! POSSIBILITY ( MILITANT ANTICAPITALISM REGA9+ MOM5TUM4 

,?IS APPRAISAL EXPLORES ! TRIUMPHS & %ORTCOM+S ( ! ,G#b MOBILIZATION1 9 HOPES ?AT !SE LESSONS CAN BE APPLI$ SOON ON A V>IETY ( O!R BATTLEFIELDS4 

,:AT ,W5T ,RI<T 9 ,PITTSBUR< 

  

,:5EV] A MASS MOBILIZATION GOES WELL--?AT IS1 AB\T ONCE A DECADE--EV]Y E/ABLI%$ ORGANIZATION & IDEOLOGICAL FACTION HA/5S TO EXPLA9 H[ ?IS CONFIRMS !IR PET !ORIES OR TACTICAL PREF]5CES4 ,IT %\LD NOT BE SURPRIS+1 !N1 ?AT AS BIG-T5T AN>*I/S--0AN>*I/S )\T ADJECTIVES0--\R TAKE IS ?AT ! ,PITTSBUR< ,G#b PROTE/S SUCCE$$ BECAUSE ! EF=TS1 /RATEGIES1 & /R5G?S ( A WIDE RANGE ( P>TICIPANTS W]E 9TEGRAT$ 9TO A COMPLEM5T>Y :OLE4 ,?+S W\LD NOT HAVE GONE NE>LY AS WELL HAD ANY ( ! ELEM5TS BE5 MISS+4 

,?IS TIME1 EV]YONE GOT :AT !Y WANT$4 ,! FUNDAM5TAL SUCCESS 9 ,PITTSBUR< WAS ?AT EV]YBODY FROM /RID5T PACIFI/S TO DOGMATIC NIHILI/S MANAG$ TO CONTRIBUTE TO SOME?+ L>G] ?AN !MSELVES2 EV]Y?+ ELSE FOLL[$ FROM ?IS4 

,COMMUNITY ORGANIZ]S WON PUBLIC SUPPORT & TURN$ \T F> MORE ?AN ! USUAL SUSPECTS2 ?IS MADE ! /REETS SAF] = EV]YONE & HELP$ EXP& DIALOGUE BEYOND ! RADICAL <ETTO4 ,?OSE :O WANT$ TO CONFRONT ! SUMMIT ITSELF M>*$ T[>D IT ON ,?URSDAY & DEMON/RAT$ 9 FRONT ( IT ,FRIDAY AFT]NOON2 ?IS PROVID$ A POLITICAL N>RATIVE = ! MOBILIZATION4 ,BLACK BLOC AN>*I/S :O WANT$ TO AVOID ! AU?ORITIES 9 ORD] TO ATTACK EV]YDAY MANIFE/ATIONS ( CAPITAL GOT !IR WI%1 DO+ WELL OV] @s#e1 ( PROP]TY DAMAGE TO CORPORATIONS1 POLICE1 & UNIV]SITY ANIMAL TE/+ FACILITIES4 ,?OSE :O WI%$ TO CA/ !MSELVES AS LEGITIMATE PROTE/]S :OSE VOICES W]E BE+ SUPPRESS$ BY A POLICE /ATE HAD ADEQUATE OPPORTUNITY TO DO SO1 & W]E JO9$ BY HUNDR$S ( UNWITT+ ,UNIV]SITY ( ,PITTSBUR< /UD5TS 9 A SPECTACLE ?AT C\LD ONLY ]ODE ! CR$IBILITY ( ! AU?ORITIES4 

,MEAN:ILE1 AN>*I/S GA9$ CR$IBILITY BO? BY TAK+ ! 9ITIATIVE 9 ORGANIZ+ & BY COOP]AT+ SUCCESSFULLY ) O!R GR\PS4 ,?URSDAY'S AN>*I/-ORGANIZ$ UNP]MITT$ M>* WAS ! MA9 ACTION ( ! FIR/ DAY ( ! ,G#b1 DRAW+ P>TICIPANTS FROM ALL SORTS ( POLITICAL P]SPECTIVES & SOCIAL BACKGR\NDS2 ON ,FRIDAY1 A RAUC\S AN>*I/ CONT+5T SWELL$ ! P]MITT$ M>* ORGANIZ$ BY ! ,ANTI-,W> ,COMMITTEE 7,A,W,C74 ,?\< SOME HAD 9ITIALLY FE>$ ?AT ! ,PITTSBUR< ,PR9CIPLES W]E A WAT]$-D[N V]SION ( ! ,/4 ,PAUL ,PR9CIPLES E/ABLI%$ 9 ! MOBILIZATION AGA9/ ! #bh ,R,N,C1 !Y SUCCE$$ 9 5ABL+ AN>*I/S & O!RS TO COORD9ATE ACTIONS & MA9TA9 SOLID>ITY4 

,9 ?IS REG>D1 WE CAN SEE ! ,G#b MOBILIZATION AS BUILD+ ON ! PREC$5TS SET BY ! #bh ,R,N,C MOBILIZATION TO E/ABLI% ! LEGITIMACY ( AN>*I/ ORGANIZ+ 9 ! PUBLIC EYE4 ,9 ! ANTI-W> ]A1 AN>*I/ ORGANIZ+ WAS SUCCESSFULLY M>G9ALIZ$ BY LIB]AL GR\PS2 AN>*I/S ORGANIZ$ BREAKAWAY M>*ES & O!R P]IPH]AL ACTIONS BUT REPEAT$LY FAIL$ TO TAKE ! 9ITIATIVE TO DET]M9E ! FUNDAM5TAL *>ACT] ( MASS PROTE/S4 ,9 HOPES ( BREAK+ ?IS PATT]N1 AN>*I/S GOT />T$ WELL OV] A YE> BE=E ! #bh ,R,N,C1 EM]G+ AS ONE ( ! MAJOR PLAY]S 9 ! ORGANIZ+4 

,! FIR/ DAY ( ! ,R,N,C1 AN>*I/S P>TICIPAT$ 9 DEC5TRALIZ$ M>*ES & BLOCKADES1 :ILE ANTI-W> ACTIVI/S SPONSOR$ A P]MITT$ M>*4 ,?IS WAS BAS$ P>TLY ON ! REASON+ ?AT ! MO/ SUCCESSFUL DIRECT-ACTION-ORI5T$ PROTE/S ( ! PREC$+ DECADE HAD BE5 COORD9AT$ TO CO9CIDE ) O!R EV5TS1 SPREAD+ ! POLICE ?94 ,9 ,PITTSBUR<1 ! ,PITTSBUR< ,G#b ,RESI/ANCE ,PROJECT 7,P,G,R,P7 W5T FUR!R1 ORGANIZ+ AN UNP]MITT$ M>* AS ! ONLY EV5T = ! FIR/ DAY--AN AMBITI\S GAMBLE4 

,! ,ANTI-,W> ,COMMITTEE HAD DISCUSS$ S*$UL+ ITS P]MITT$ M>* = ,?URSDAY AS WELL1 BUT ! ,P,G,R,P HAD ALREADY ANN\NC$ ! UNP]MITT$ M>* = ?AT DAY4 ,?IS MEANT ?AT ! ,A,W,C HAD ! OPTION ( REPEAT+ ! =MAT ( ! #bh ,R,N,C2 H[EV]1 SOME PROM95T P>TICIPANTS /AT$ ?AT !Y W]E CONV9C$ ?AT ! /ORY ( ! DAY ON ,?URSDAY WAS B\ND TO BE ! ,P,G,R,P M>*4 ,! ,A,W,C *OSE 9/EAD TO HOLD ! P]MITT$ M>* ON ,FRIDAY4 

,SO IT HAPP5$ ?AT ! MA9 EV5T OP5+ ! ,G#b PROTE/S WAS ORGANIZ$ PRIM>ILY BY AN>*I/S & ACCORD+ TO AN>*I/ PR9CIPLES4 ,?IS MADE O!R ASPECTS ( ! MOBILIZATION EASI]3 = EXAMPLE1 LIB]ALS :O MI<T O!RWISE HAVE ATTEMPT$ TO DISCR$IT ! ,P,G,R,P W]E HESITANT TO DO SO1 KN[+ ?AT MANY MEMB]S ( !IR GR\PS W]E P>TICIPAT+ 9 ! ,?URSDAY M>*4 ,AT ! SAME TIME1 IT RAIS$ ! /AKES3 IF AN>*I/S & !IR ALLIES W]E SOLELY RESPONSIBLE = ! FIR/ DAY ( ! PROTE/S1 !Y C\LD H>DLY AF=D TO 0GO IT ALONE10 FAIL+ TO BR+ \T O!R DEMOGRAPHICS4 

,ACCORD+LY1 ! ,P,G,R,P ORGANIZ$ A LOCAL \TREA* OP]ATION IMPROV+ ON ! DOOR-TO-DOOR EF=TS ! ,R,N,C ,WELCOM+ ,COMMITTEE HAD C>RI$ \T 9 ! ,TW9 ,CITIES2 ?IS REA*$ A MAJORITY ( ! H\SES 9 ,GRE5FIELD1 ,BLOOMFIELD1 & ,LAWR5CEVILLE1 AMONG O!R NEI<BORHOODS4 ,= @s#d1 ! ,P,G,R,P PR9T$ #a1 COPIES ( A F\R-PAGE NEWSPAP] 9 PLA9 LANGUAGE ?AT CONNECT$ ! ,G#b TO LOCAL ISSUES SU* AS TRANSIT1 W>1 & HEAL?C>E4 

,! ,R,N,C ,WELCOM+ ,COMMITTEE HAD OV] A YE> & A HALF TO PREP>E = ! #bh ,R,N,C2 ,PITTSBUR< AN>*I/S HAD B>ELY F\R MON?S TO PREP>E = ! ,G#b4 ,E/IMATES ( AN>*I/ P>TICIPATION 9 ! ,R,N,C PROTE/S V>Y1 BUT MO/ PEAK >\ND #a2 AT ! SPOKESC\NCIL ! DAY BE=E ! ACTION1 SOME?+ LIKE #e PEOPLE W]E REPRES5T$4 ,AT ! SPOKESC\NCIL ! NI<T BE=E ! ,G#b PROTE/S1 P]HAPS #c PEOPLE W]E REPRES5T$1 PROVOK+ SOME DI/RESS2 BUT ! FOLL[+ DAY OV] #a PEOPLE GA!R$ AT ,>S5AL ,P>K = ! UNP]MITT$ M>*4 

,A FEW HUNDR$ ( !SE W]E MILITANT AN>*I/S FROM >\ND ! ,U,S1 BUT A GREAT NUMB] ( !M W]E ,PITTSBUR< LOCALS4 ,SOME ( ! LATT] W]E LIB]ALS & RADICALS :O HAD DEVELOP$ RELATION%IPS ) AN>*I/S 9 ! ,PITTSBUR< ,ORGANIZ+ ,GR\P 7,P,O,G7 9 ITS SEV5 YE>S ( ACTIVITY PREC$+ ! =MATION ( ! ,P,G,R,P2 SOME W]E /UD5TS1 \T 9 GREAT] NUMB]S ?AN EXPECT$ BECAUSE ! S*OOL DI/RICT CANCEL$ CLASSES DUR+ ! SUMMIT2 O!RS W]E SIMPLY PEOPLE :O HAD /UMBL$ UPON ! ,P,G,R,P CALL TO ACTION AGA9/ ! ,G#b4 ,!Y CAME \T DESPITE ! EF=TS ( ! GOV]NM5T & CORPORATE M$IA TO 9TIMIDATE !M & DISCR$IT AN>*I/ ORGANIZ]S4 ,MANY ( !M /AY$ 9 ! /REETS DESPITE ! WAVES ( REPRESSION ?AT 5SU$4 

,EV5 ?OSE :O ONLY WI% TO FI<T POLICE & DE/ROY CORPORATE PROP]TY MU/ ACKN[L$GE ! IMPORTANCE ( ! \TREA* ?AT 9VOLV$ ALL !SE PEOPLE 9 ! MOBILIZATION4 ,)\T ?IS SOCIAL BODY1 IT W\LD HAVE BE5 EASY = ! POLICE TO FOCUS ON REPRESS+ ISOLAT$ AN>*I/S1 & SUCCESSFUL DIRECT ACTION W\LD HAVE OCCURR$ 9 A VACUUM RA!R ?AN 9 A SOCIAL CONTEXT 9 :I* IT C\LD BE 9SPIR+ & 9FECTI\S4 

,9 POSITION+ !MSELVES TO LAY ! GR\NDWORK = SU* \TREA* & COORD9ATION1 LONG-RUNN+ ORGANIZATIONS LIKE ,P,O,G S]VE AN ESS5TIAL ROLE 9 ! 9FRA/RUCTURE ( ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T4 ,?IS GOES = ! MORE REC5TLY E/ABLI%$ ,GREAT] ,PITTSBUR< ,AN>*I/ ,COLLECTIVE1 AS WELL1 :I* ALSO CONTRIBUT$ TO ,P,G,R,P ORGANIZ+4 ,IF WE WANT TO SEE L>GE-SCALE MOBILIZATIONS1 !RE HAVE TO BE GR\PS ) ! CAPACITY & CR$IBILITY TO ORGANIZE !M3 GR\PS EV]YONE CAN TRU/ TO COME ?R\< ON !IR COMMITM5TS1 SO PEOPLE KN[ !Y >E NOT TAK+ A GREAT RISK BY %[+ UP FROM \T ( T[N4 ,?IS IS NOT TO SAY ?AT EV]Y AN>*I/ MU/ ORGANIZE 9 SU* A GR\P1 OR ?AT ?IS IS ! MO/ IMPORTANT =M ( AN>*I/ ORGANIZ+--BUT )\T AT LEA/ A FEW ( !SE1 AN>*I/S WILL BE DOOM$ TO ! P]IPH]Y ( PROTE/ MOVEM5TS1 & MAY F9D IT DIFFICULT TO COORD9ATE O!R L>GE-SCALE =MS ( RESI/ANCE AS WELL4 

,ALL ?IS SAID1 HAD ! ,P,G,R,P TURN$ \T #a P>TICIPANTS = A M>* ?AT SIMPLY 5D$ UP BE+ DISP]S$ OR MASS->RE/$ 9 ! EMPTY 9DU/RIAL ZONE S\?WE/ ( ,>S5AL ,P>K1 IT W\LD NOT HAVE BE5 NE>LY AS EMP[]+ AS :AT HAPP5$4 ,AUTONOM\S AN>*I/S MAK+ DECISIONS \TSIDE ! ,P,G,R,P FRAMEWORK PLAY$ AN ESS5TIAL ROLE 9 ! SUCCESS ( ! ,G#b PROTE/S4 

,AN>*I/S FOCUS$ ON CONFLICT & PROP]TY DE/RUCTION HAVE LONG FANTASIZ$ AB\T 0,PLAN ,B0--! IDEA ?AT1 RA!R ?AN ATTACK+ HEAVILY DEF5D$ SYMBOLIC MANIFE/ATIONS ( /ATE & CAPITAL SU* AS SUMMIT MEET+S1 W\LD-BE RIOT]S %\LD APPE> :]E !Y >E LEA/ EXPECT$ 9 ORD] TO DO MORE DAMAGE ) IMPUNITY4 ,?IS MODEL NOTORI\SLY FAIL$ AT ! #bg ANTI-,G#h MOBILIZATION 9 ,G]MANY1 AMONG O!R PLACES4 ,9 !ORETICAL T]MS1 ,PLAN ,B IS AN ATTEMPT TO FREE DIRECT ACTION FROM ! BAGGAGE ( ACTIVISM1 TO *ANNEL DISS5T 9TO RESI/ANCE RA!R ?AN P]=M+ IT REACTIVELY & SYMBOLICALLY4 ,IT C\LD BE SAID ?AT1 AT WOR/1 ! REASON+ BEH9D 0,PLAN ,B0 FAILS TO TAKE 9TO ACC\NT ! SOCIAL & PSY*OLOGICAL F\NDATIONS ( ! SUCCESSFUL /REET ACTIONS ( ! PA/ DECADE1 APPROA*+ RIOT+ 9 PURELY MILIT>Y T]MS4 ,! SOCIAL BODY BEH9D ! AN>*I/ RIOTS ( REC5T MEMORY HAS BE5 B\ND TOGE!R AS MU* BY ! FEEL+ ( 5TITLEM5T ?AT COMES ( FI<T+ AN OBVI\S EXT]NAL FOE AS BY ! CL&E/9E NETWORKS & ILLICIT DESIRES *AMPION$ BY P>TISANS ( ,PLAN ,B4 

,9 ,PITTSBUR<1 H[EV]1 AS \T-(-T[N AN>*I/S >RIV$ & FAMILI>IZ$ !MSELVES ) ! T]RA91 SOME CONCLUD$ IT W\LD BE DISA/R\S TO M>* T[>DS ! SUMMIT & DIRECTLY 9TO A POLICE TRAP2 ?IS 9CLUD$ SOME :O HAD NOT PREVI\SLY BE5 5?USIA/IC AB\T ,PLAN ,B4 ,) ?\S&S ( POLICE WAIT+ = IT1 NO ONE BELIEV$ ! M>* HAD ANY *ANCE ( REA*+ ! CONV5TION C5T]2 IF ! PO9T WAS SIMPLY TO /AGE A CONFRONTATIONAL PROTE/1 ! EMPTY CORRIDOR BETWE5 ,>S5AL ,P>K & ! CONV5TION C5T] WAS H>DLY ! MO/ OPPORTUNE SETT+4 

,AT ! SAME TIME1 AS SO MANY LOCALS HAD BE5 BR\<T 9TO ! MOBILIZATION ON ! GR\NDS ?AT !Y W]E GO+ TO M>* ON ! ,G#b1 IT WAS IMPOSSIBLE TO *ANGE PLANS )\T LOS+ ! SOCIAL BODY ( ! M>*4 ,P,G,R,P ORGANIZ]S >GU$ ?IS AT ! SPOKESC\NCIL1 & ?IS WAS FUR!R UND]SCOR$ :5 ! BODY ( ! M>* REFUS$ TO FOLL[ ! BLACK BLOC AT ! FRONT :5 IT TURN$ EA/ AWAY FROM ! CONV5TION C5T] ON ITS WAY \T ( ,>S5AL ,P>K4 ,EV]YONE ELSE CONT9U$ T[>D ! SUMMIT1 & ! BLOC ?AT HAD HEAD$ EA/ TURN$ BACK & REJO9$ ! MASS4 ,! *OICE NOT TO SPLIT ! M>* PROV$ PIVOTAL3 BECAUSE ( ?IS1 :5 IT LAT] PROV$ IMPOSSIBLE TO MAKE ANY HEADWAY T[>D ! CONV5TION C5T]1 A GREAT MANY MORE PEOPLE HEAD$ EA/ ?AN HAD 9ITIALLY ATTEMPT$ TO4 

,HAD ! 5TIRE M>* CONT9U$ EA/ AT ! \TSET RA!R ?AN HEAD+ T[>D ! CONV5TION C5T] AS PROMIS$1 !RE W\LD SURELY HAVE BE5 9T5SE CONTROV]SY AFT]W>DS1 :I* MI<T HAVE S]I\SLY UND]M9$ ,PITTSBUR< AN>*I/S' CR$IBILITY 9 ! EYES ( !IR COMMUNITY4 ,=TUNATELY1 ! WAY ?+S PLAY$ \T1 EV]YONE GOT TO DO :AT !Y WANT$1 & TO DO IT TOGE!R4 

,ONLY A FEW BLOCKS WE/ ( ,>S5AL ,P>K1 ! M>* CAME UP AGA9/ A L9E ( POLICE EXCIT$ TO %[ (F ! SONIC WEAPONRY ( !IR NEW ,L,R,A,D VEHICLE4 ,! ,L,R,A,D WAS NOT P>TICUL>LY EFFECTIVE AGA9/ AN>*I/S1 MANY ( :OM HAVE WILL+LY SUBJECT$ !MSELVES TO SIMIL>LY UNPLEASANT NOISES AT COMP>ABLE VOLUMES AS A RESULT ( !IR MUSICAL TA/ES4 ,BUT ! M>* WISELY *OSE NOT TO MAKE A S]I\S ATTEMPT TO BREA* ! POLICE L9ES1 KN[+ !RE MU/ BE MORE POLICE WAIT+ AHEAD TO BLOCK & LIKELY SURR\ND !M4 

,9DYM$IA PHOTOGRAPHS HAVE S9CE CONFIRM$ ?IS1 %[+ A MU* L>G] POLICE CONT+5T WAIT+ A C\PLE BLOCKS PA/ ! FIR/ POLICE BLOCKADE4 

,9 ! 5D1 BY BLOCK+ ! R\TE TO ! CONV5TION C5T]1 ! POLICE W]E ! ONES :O =C$ M>*]S TO TURN >\ND & HEAD EA/4 ,!Y CAN BE HELD RESPONSIBLE = EV]Y?+ ?AT HAPP5$ NEXT--! PROP]TY DE/RUCTION1 ! PEPP]-GASS+ ( CIVILIANS1 ! DISRUPTION ( BUS9ESS & TRAFFIC4 ,H[EV]1 ! %IFT ( ! ACTION EA/W>D PROBABLY W\LD NOT HAVE OCCURR$ SO DECISIVELY HAD AUTONOM\S AN>*I/S NOT ALREADY BE5 DISCUSS+ ! POT5TIAL ( SETT+ \T 9 ?AT DIRECTION4 

,ONCE ! RE/ ( ! CITY WAS ADD$ TO ! T]RA9 ( /RUGGLE1 IT WAS A :OLE NEW BALL GAME4 ,PROTE/]S W]E NOT SIMPLY *ANT+ 9 ISOLATION1 BUT TRANS=M+ ! URBAN L&SCAPE ACCORD+ TO A NEW LOGIC4 ,! POLICE W]E NOT SIMPLY /AFF+ A MILIT>IZ$ ZONE F> FROM ! PUBLIC EYE1 BUT 9T]RUPT+ ! FL[S ( BUS9ESS AS USUAL4 ,?IS WAS NO LONG] PROTE/ AS PRIVATE GRUDGE MAT*1 BUT A PUBLIC EV5T ?AT AFFECT$ EV]YONE :E!R OR NOT !Y HAD PREVI\SLY TAK5 A SIDE4 

,EV]Y?+ ?AT OCCURR$ 9 ,OAKL&--! MASS /&(F ) ! POLICE1 ! BLACK BLOC ?AT DECIMAT$ ! BUS9ESS DI/RICT1 ! POLICE RIOT ! FOLL[+ NI<T--CAME AS A SURPRISE TO PRACTICALLY EV]YONE4 ,ON ,W$NESDAY1 EV]YBODY FROM LOCAL ORGANIZ]S TO \T-(-T[N MANIACS HAD AGRE$ ?AT ,OAKL& W\LD BE IMPASSABLE ON ACC\NT ( ! ,G#b LEAD]S' VISIT TO NEI<BOR+ ,S*5LEY ,P>K4 ,! EXT5SION ( ! DEMON/RATION 9TO ! CITY AT L>GE OP5$ UP POSSIBILITIES ?AT HAD BE5 UNIMAG9ABLE4 

,IF PROTE/ IS ESS5TIALLY !AT]1 AN>*I/S W]E BREAK+ ! F\R? WALL1 9VOLV+ ! AUDI5CE 9 ! PLAY4 ,!RE IS A GREAT DEAL ( TALK AB\T ?IS 9 AN>*I/ CIRCLES1 BUT IT R>ELY OCCURS ON ! TRANS=MATIVE LEVEL EV]YONE DESIRES4 ,IT IS P]HAPS IRONIC ?AT ! ACTIONS ( BLACK BLOC AN>*I/S W]E 9/RUM5TAL 9 BR++ ?IS AB\T4 ,! LOCAL ORGANIZ]S HAD KEPT ! SOCIAL BODY ( PROTE/]S TOGE!R BY 9SI/+ ON HEAD+ T[>DS ! CONV5TION C5T]1 BUT IT WAS ! AUTONOM\S AN>*I/S' MOVEM5T AWAY FROM ! CONV5TION C5T] ?AT 9VOLV$ ! RE/ ( ! CITY 9 ! ACTION4 

,! FI]C5ESS ( ,?URSDAY'S BLACK BLOCS BE>S SPECIAL COMM5T4 ,!RE W]E ONLY A FEW HUNDR$ POLICE 9 ,SEATTLE1 & !Y MORE ?AN HAD !IR H&S FULL DEAL+ ) O!R DEMON/RATORS4 ,! BLACK BLOC 9 ,PITTSBUR<1 ON ! O!R H&1 WAS M5AC$ BY T5 TIMES ?AT NUMB] ( POLICE1 BUT /ILL WREAK$ CONSID]ABLE HAVOC4 ,ON ,?URSDAY NI<T1 :5 A C\PLE HUNDR$ AN>*I/S RAMPAG$ ?R\< D[NT[N ,OAKL&1 !RE W]E HUNDR$S ( MILIT>IZ$ POLICE M]E BLOCKS AWAY2 POLICE VEHICLES %[$ UP AT ! V]Y \TSET ( ! M>*1 BUT ! P>TICIPANTS W]E UTT]LY UNFAZ$4 ,?\< ! EV5TS 9 ,PITTSBUR< H>DLY COMP>E TO ! ACTIONS ( SOME BLACK BLOCS OV]SEAS1 !Y >E IMPRESSIVE 9 ! ,U,S CONTEXT4 

,IT HAS BE5 SAID ?AT ! DEMON/RATIONS ( ! PA/ DECADE HAVE FUNCTION$ AS A SORT ( 9OCULATION = ! POLICE /ATE3 )\T EV] S]I\SLY ?REAT5+ IT1 !Y HAVE PROVOK$ IT TO DEVELOP A MU* MORE P[]FUL IMMUNE SY/EM4 ,YET IT MAY BE ?AT ?IS POLICE /ATE HAS ALSO BR$ A T\<] BRE$ ( AN>*I/1 TOO1 ! WAY ?AT NEW /RA9S ( VIRUS EVOLVE ?AT >E IMMUNE TO EXI/+ VACC9ES4 ,! /ATE HAS NOT SUCCE$$ 9 SUPPRESS+ ! DESIRES ?AT MOTIVATE AN>*I/ RESI/ANCE4 ,9 ,PITTSBUR<1 :5EV] AN OP5+ APPE>$1 AN>*I/S P\R$ EAG]LY 9TO IT--SMA%+ W9D[S BY ! DOZ51 HAIL+ PROJECTILES ONTO POLICE L9ES1 & L>GELY ESCAP+ UNSCA!D4 

,IT WAS SIGNIFICANT ?AT ! ACTIONS ( ! BLACK BLOC W]E 9TEGRAT$ 9TO ! RE/ ( ! PROTE/1 OCCURR+ TOGE!R ) & AS AN EXPRESSION ( ! :OLE4 ,HAD ! ,PLAN ,B FANTASY L$ 9/EAD TO SOME 5TIRELY CL&E/9E ACTION DI/ANT FROM ! RE/ ( ! PROTE/]S1 IT MI<T HAVE SET A DANG]\S PREC$5T = ?AT FACTION ( ! ,U,S AN>*I/ MOVEM5T1 SIGNIFY+ A SLIDE T[>DS ! LOGIC ( CLOS$ CIRCLES & >M$ /RUGGLE4 ,9/EAD1 MILITANT CONFRONTATION WAS COLLECTIVE & 9FECTI\S4 ,! MO/ MILITANT ELEM5TS E/ABLI%$ A SYMBIOTIC RELATION%IP ) ! L>G] SOCIAL BODY 9 ! /REETS ON ,?URSDAY3 DESPITE ! WIDE RANGE ( P>TICIPANTS1 !RE W]E FEW CASES ( S]I\S CONFLICT OV] TACTICS4 

,BY *OOS+ TO P>TICIPATE 9 AN UNP]MITT$ M>*1 EV]YONE PRES5T HAD TAK5 A /& 9 FAVOR ( DISRUPTION2 TACTICS ?AT MI<T HAVE BE5 CONTROV]SIAL ELSE:]E1 SU* AS ROLL+ DUMP/]S AT POLICE OR SMA%+ CORPORATE W9D[S1 W]E 9T]PRET$ AS EXPRESSIONS ( ! COLLECTIVE DESIRE TO HOLD GR\ND OR AS LEGITIMATE RETALIATION = 9DISCRIM9ATE POLICE VIOL5CE4 ,TOGE!R1 ! BLACK BLOC & ! RE/ ( ! PROTE/]S MADE MASS >RE/S V]Y DIFFICULT3 ! %E] NUMB]S MADE :OLESALE 5CIRCLEM5T IMPRACTICAL & POLITICALLY CO/LY1 :ILE ! SPE$1 MOBILITY1 & F]OCITY ( ! MILITANT M9ORITY /RET*$ POLICE ATT5TION OV] A WIDE >EA & PREV5T$ ! POLICE FROM CONTROLL+ ! CR[D4 ,= EXAMPLE1 AT ! 5D ( ,?URSDAY AFT]NOON :5 ! POLICE ATTEMPT$ TO PREV5T ! CR[D FROM 5T]+ ,OAKL& BY BLOCK+ !M (F AT ! 9T]SECTION ( ,LIB]TY & ,BAUM1 NOT ONLY DID ! BLACK BLOC GET ?R\< !IR L9ES1 BUT ! *ALL5GES ( HOLD+ BACK ! RE/ ( ! CR[D KEPT ! POLICE BUSY :ILE ! BLOC B>RICAD$ ! /REET1 SMA%$ ! W9D[S ( ,BO/ON ,M>KET & O!R E/ABLI%M5TS1 & P5ETRAT$ DEEP 9TO ,OAKL&4 ,?IS =C$ ! POLICE TO OCCUPY ! 5TIRE NEI<BORHOOD ) A MILIT>Y =CE1 PRECIPITAT+ ! EV5TS ( ?AT EV5+ & ! FOLL[+ DAY4 

,SO MU* ATT5TION HAS FOCUS$ ON ,?URSDAY ?AT IT'S EASY TO =GET AB\T ! ACTIONS CALL$ = ,FRIDAY MORN+4 ,AS 9 ! CALLS = AUTONOM\S ACTIONS AT ! #bd ,DEMOCRATIC & ,REPUBLICAN ,NATIONAL ,CONV5TIONS1 :I* W]E NOT SUBSEQU5TLY DEEM$ P>TICUL>LY SUCCESSFUL1 A LI/ WAS CIRCULAT$ ( LOCAL T>GETS EMBODY+ EV]Y?+ OBJECTIONABLE AB\T GLOBAL CAPITALISM4 ,SOME LOCAL ORGANIZ]S :O W]E PESSIMI/IC AB\T ! POT5TIAL ( MASS MOBILIZATIONS SAW ! ,FRIDAY CALL TO ACTION AS A WAY TO CONNECT ! ,G#b PROTE/S TO LOCAL ISSUES2 = O!RS1 IT WAS A FALLBACK PLAN 9 CASE ,?URSDAY WAS A WA%\T1 & A WAY TO DRAW ATT5TION TO ! T>GETS ?R\< ADVANCE M$IA COV]AGE4 ,IT HAD AN UN9T5D$ EFFECT1 H[EV]3 BY ,W$NESDAY1 A GREAT NUMB] ( ! E/ABLI%M5TS ON ! LI/ HAD BO>D$ UP !IR %OP FRONTS & ANN\NC$ ?AT !Y W]E CLOS$ = ! WEEK4 ,?IS =C$ ORGANIZ]S TO RE?9K ! /RATEGY = ! DAY1 AS IT MADE LESS S5SE TO CALL = ACTIONS AT CLOS$1 BO>D$ UP T>GETS4 ,SOME ACTIONS /ILL OCCURR$--9CLUD+ AN ,IRAQ ,VET]ANS ,AGA9/ ! ,W> M>* & ACTIONS \TSIDE A RECRUIT+ /ATION & A ,:OLE ,FOODS--BUT IT W\LD HAVE TAK5 A GREAT DEAL ( /REET ACTIVITY TO HAVE 9T]RUPT$ BUS9ESS AS USUAL TO ! EXT5T ?AT ! CALL TO ACTION DID ON ITS [N4 

,D[NT[N ,PITTSBUR< WAS SIMIL>LY AFFECT$4 ,ACCORD+ TO SOME REPORTS1 B>ELY #b.0 ( ! PEOPLE :O NORMALLY WORK 9 OR TRAVEL ?R\< D[NT[N DID SO DUR+ ! SUMMIT4 ,SURELY ?IS IS MORE DUE TO AL>MI/ RHETORIC & OV]ZEAL\S POLIC+ ?AN TO AN>*I/ ORGANIZ+2 WE C\LD H>DLY OV]?R[ CAPITALISM SIMPLY BY SUBJECT+ IT TO SU* 9CONV5I5CES1 ANYWAY4 ,BUT IT DOES GIVE A S5SE ( ! CONTEXT ( REPRESSION & CONTROL 9 :I* AN>*I/S W]E NONE!LESS ABLE TO ACT4 

,%ORTLY BE=E ! DEMON/RATIONS1 ! AU?ORITIES 9 ,PITTSBUR< W]E ATTEMPT+ TO BACKP$AL ON !IR ORIG9AL SC>E-TACTIC /ORY AB\T AN>*I/S COM+ TO DE/ROY ! CITY4 ,APP>5TLY ! SP9 HAD GOTT5 \T ( CONTROL1 & ! CITY GOV]NM5T WAS EAG] TO REASSURE BUS9ESSM5 & CONSUM]S ?AT ! AN>*I/S DID NOT POSE SU* A DRAMATIC ?REAT AFT] ALL4 

,?IS BR+S US TO ! F9AL SUCCESSFUL ASPECT ( ! MOBILIZATION--M$IA LIAISON WORK4 ,ADVANCE M$IA COV]AGE IS ! SPACE 9 :I* POLICE LAY ! GR\NDWORK TO JU/IFY RAIDS & VIOL5T REPRESSION2 TO ! EXT5T TO :I* ACTIVI/S CAN C\NT]ACT !SE SME> CAMPAIGNS1 !Y CAN TIE ! H&S ( POLICE1 AL?\< CORPORATE M$IA IS H>DLY A NEUTRAL PLAY+ FIELD4 

,ONE P]SON FROM ! ,P,G,R,P GAVE DOZ5S ( ON-CAM]A 9T]VIEWS1 REPEAT+ TALK+ PO9TS CONS5S$ ON BY ! M$IA WORK+ GR\P2 A PSEUDONYM WAS US$ BY V>I\S MEMB]S ( ! GR\P TO REPLY TO TELEPHONE & EMAIL 9T]VIEWS4 ,:ILE REFUT+ POLICE FABRICATIONS1 REPRES5TATIVES ( ! ,P,G,R,P NEV] %I$ AWAY FROM ! POLITICS OR 9T5TIONS ( ! GR\P2 ?IS MAY HAVE HELP$ LEGITIMIZE ,?URSDAY'S UNP]MITT$ M>* 9 SOME EYES1 DRAW+ MORE P>TICIPANTS4 ,IT'S ALSO POSSIBLE ?AT SU* A =?RI<T M$IA POLICY DISC\RAG$ POLICE FROM RAID+ SPACES BE=E ! ,G#b1 AL?\< !RE >E SEV]AL O!R POSSIBLE EXPLANATIONS = ?IS4 

,IMM$IATELY AFT] ! DEMON/RATIONS1 ! ,PITTSBUR< ,PO/-,GAZETTE ACTUALLY ADMITT$ 9 ! FIR/ S5T5CE ( A FRONT-PAGE >TICLE ?AT AN>*I/S 0W]5'T /OCKPIL+ HUMAN WA/E TO ?R[ AT POLICE40 ,?IS K9D ( HONE/Y IS ALMO/ UNHE>D ( 9 ! WORLD ( CORPORATE J\RNALISM4 ,O!R /ORIES W]E COMP>ABLY FAVORABLE1 AT LEA/ COMP>$ TO ! USUAL FLOOD ( M5DACITY4 

,IT'S POSSIBLE ?AT OBTA9+ FAIR] COV]AGE WAS EASI] ?IS TIME >\ND BECAUSE1 = ONCE1 AN>*I/S W]E P>T ( A /ORY ! M$IA WANT$ TO TELL4 ,CORPORATE REPORT]S G5]ALLY HAVE A /ORY READY 9 ADVANCE TO FE$ TO 9T]VIEWEES1 9 ORD] TO MAKE !IR [N JOB AS SIMPLE AS POSSIBLE2 P]HAPS1 9 ?IS CASE1 AN>*I/S HAPP5$ TO BE USEFUL = ! SP9 J\RNALI/S PLANN$ TO PUT ON ! SUMMIT1 ) ! RECESSION ON & DISCONT5T SIMM]+4 ,9 ANY EV5T1 WE CAN'T C\NT ON BE+ FAIRLY REPRES5T$ BY ! CORPORATE M$IA 9 ! FUTURE1 EV5 IF O!RS EMULATE ! WORK ( ! ,P,G,R,P M$IA WORK+ GR\P4 

,REPRESSION3 ,POLICE ,TACTICS & ,/RATEGY 

  
  

0,WE'RE TRY+ TO ?9 \T ! 9NOC5T40 

-,PITTSBUR< ,UNIV]SITY ,POLICE ,*IEF ,TIM ,DELANEY1 QUOT$ BY CORPORATE M$IA REPORT] ,RI* ,LORD 7WE CAN'T MAKE ?IS /UFF UP67  
  

,UP UNTIL #b P4M4 ,?URSDAY1 MANY D\BT$ ! UNP]MITT$ M>* W\LD EV5 MAKE IT \T ( ,>S5AL ,P>K4 ,ORGANIZ]S & AN>*I/S ( ALL /RIPES DRAMATICALLY MISREAD ! PLANS ( ! POLICE4 ,?+S TURN$ \T BETT] ?AN EXPECT$1 BUT IT IS BAD NEWS1 NOT GOOD NEWS1 :5 WE FAIL TO PR$ICT \R FOES' BEHAVIOR ACCURATELY4 

,LET'S LOOK AGA9 AT ! CONTEXT %AP+ ! POLICE /RATEGY4 ,! WEEKS BE=E ! ,G#b SAW A PIT*$ /RUGGLE 9 ! M$IA & ! CITY GOV]NM5T4 ,! LIB]AL COMMUNITY WAS PU%+ CIVIL LIB]TIES ISSUES1 ) ! ,A,C,L,U W9N+ A LAWSUIT OV] ! RI<T TO DEMON/RATE2 ! ,CITY ,C\NCIL WAS DIVID$1 HAV+ /RUCK D[N A MASK ORD9ANCE DESPITE PRESSURE FROM POLICE & PRESUMABLY ! F$]AL GOV]NM5T4 ,ONE ,CITY ,C\NCIL MEMB] W5T SO F> AS TO ATT5D ! BEG9N+ ( ,?URSDAY'S UNP]MITT$ M>*2 HE HAD ALSO %[$ UP AT ! PICNIC AT ,FRI5D%IP ,P>K ON ,TUESDAY1 & IT MAY NOT HAVE BE5 CO9CID5TAL ?AT ! POLICE MASS+ NE>BY DISAPPE>$ IMM$IATELY AFT]W>DS4 

,! POLICE HAD ALREADY EMB>RASS$ !MSELVES ) HEAVY-H&$ SC>E TACTICS WEEKS BE=E ! SUMMIT4 ,! LOCAL POLICE =CE WAS F> TOO SMALL TO H&LE ! ,G#b ALONE1 BUT BR++ 9 ADDITIONAL =CES 9CREAS$ ! *ALL5GES ( COORD9ATION & ! LIKELIHOOD ?AT \TSIDE (FIC]S MI<T BEHAVE 9 WAYS ?AT C\LD BE CO/LY = ! CITY4 ,! CITY GOV]NM5T WAS EXTREMELY %ORT ON FUNDS1 & C\LD H>DLY AF=D ! PROCESS+ CO/S ( MASS >RE/S1 LET ALONE CONSEQU5T LAWSUITS4 

,POLICE 9TELLIG5CE--OXYMORONS ASIDE--SEEM$ TO BE AT AN ALL-TIME L[4 ,! POLICE ATTEMPT$ TO RECRUIT SPIES FROM ADJAC5T SOCIAL MILIEUS1 (F]+ MONEY = !M TO REPORT ON PROTE/ ORGANIZ+2 BUT AS ! ,P,G,R,P CAME TOGE!R L>GELY \T ( LONG-EXI/+ RELATION%IPS1 MO/ ( ! WORK+ GR\PS W]E COMPOS$ ( PEOPLE :O HAD A LOT ( CONTEXT = EA* O!R4 ,!RE W]E 9T]NAL CONFLICTS AB\T ! EXCLUSION ( SUSPICI\S 9DIVIDUALS1 BUT--UNLIKE ! ,R,N,C ,WELCOM+ ,COMMITTEE--?OSE :O W]E SUSPECT$ ( BE+ POLICE AG5TS W]E NOT P]MITT$ TO P>TICIPATE 9 S5SITIVE ORGANIZ+4 ,) ONLY A FEW MON?S W>N+ ?AT ! ,G#b WAS TO OCCUR 9 ,PITTSBUR<1 ! AU?ORITIES HAD CONSID]ABLY LESS TIME TO 9FILTRATE ACTIVI/ CIRCLES4 ,!Y HAD ALREADY BE5 TRACK+ MANY ,P,G,R,P ORGANIZ]S = YE>S1 & !Y CONT9U$ PHYSICALLY TRACK+ !M UP TO & DUR+ ! SUMMIT2 BUT IT MAY BE ?AT A LACK ( 9=MANTS DIRECTLY )9 ORGANIZ+ CIRCLES PREV5T$ ! /ATE FROM MANUFACTUR+ 9CRIM9AT+ /ATEM5TS ?AT C\LD (F] PRETEXTS = RAIDS OR CONSPIRACY *>GES4 ,! ,F,B,I DID NOT REPEAT ! DESPICABLE TACTIC ( 5TRAPP+ IMPRESSIONABLE Y\NG ACTIVI/S ?AT IT HAD EMPLOY$ AT ! ,R,N,C1 EI!R4 

,!RE >E 9DICATIONS ?AT ! CONSPIRACY *>GES BR\<T AGA9/ ! ORGANIZ]S KN[N AS ! ,R,N,C #h W]E NOT ORD]$ BY ! F$]AL GOV]NM5T1 BUT RA!R BY OV]ZEAL\S ,RAMSEY ,C\NTY AU?ORITIES2 ! CASE HAS NOT GONE WELL = ! /ATE ?US F>1 :I* HAS ALREADY BE5 COMPELL$ TO DROP ! T]RORISM *>GES AGA9/ !M4 ,?IS IS ANO!R POSSIBLE EXPLANATION ( :Y NO SIMIL> *>GES HAVE BE5 BR\<T AGA9/ ,P,G,R,P ORGANIZ]S1 :E!R OR NOT ! 9T]NAL SECURITY PRACTICES ( ! ,P,G,R,P W]E MORE EFFECTIVE ?AN ?OSE ( ! ,R,N,C #h4 ,EI!R WAY1 IT APPE>S ?AT ! ,R,N,C #h *>GES DO NOT SET AN 9EXORABLE PREC$5T = ! FUTURE4 ,?OSE :O ORGANIZE AN>*I/ FRAMEWORKS = MASS MOBILIZATIONS WON'T AUTOMATICALLY BE *>G$ ) FELONY CONSPIRACY1 ?\< ?IS IS NOT TO SAY ?AT IT WILL NEV] HAPP5 AGA94 ,MU* MAY /ILL H+E ON ! \TCOME ( ! ,R,N,C #h TRIAL4 

,)\T ACTIONABLE 9TELLIG5CE ON AN>*I/ ORGANIZ+1 RANK-&-FILE POLICE FOCUS$ ON H>ASS+ SUBCULTURAL SPACES 9 ! WEEKS BE=E ! SUMMIT4 ,!Y DID SEEM PREP>$ TO C>RY \T RAIDS--!Y HASSL$ SEV]AL COLLECTIVE H\SES AS WELL AS ,SE$S ( ,PEACE1 !Y ?REAT5$ ! CONV]G5CE SPACE & ! ,WELLNESS ,C5T]1 !Y LOCAT$ & RAID$ ! ALLEG$ COMMS SPACE EV5 ?\< IT WAS TW5TY MILES \TSIDE ( T[N--BUT !Y DIDN'T S]I\SLY GO AFT] ORGANIZ]S' OR PROTE/]S' H\S+4 

,?IS MAY HAVE BE5 ! RESULT ( A CO/-B5EFIT ANALYSIS4 ,! CITY WAS ATTEMPT+ TO D[NPLAY ! NEGATIVE IMPACT ( ! ,G#b SUMMIT & ! REPRESSIVE POLIC+ SURR\ND+ IT1 & RAIDS W\LD HAVE HAD ! OPPOSITE EFFECT4 ,MEAN:ILE1 PROTE/]S W]E NOT GA!R$ 9 OR ESPECIALLY DEP5D5T ON ANY ONE SPACE4 ,AL?\< ! LACK ( C5TRALIZ$ H\S+ = \T-(-T[N PROTE/]S WAS 9CONV5I5T1 IT MEANT ?AT NO S+LE POLICE RAID C\LD HAVE SIGNIFICANTLY DISRUPT$ ! MOBILIZATION4 ,WE WILL C]TA9LY SEE MORE POLICE RAIDS 9 ! FUTURE1 & ! AU?ORITIES MU/ HAVE BE5 PREP>$ TO C>RY !M \T 9 ,PITTSBUR<1 BUT IT SEEMS !Y CONCLUD$ AT ! 5D ?AT !RE WAS NO?+ TO GA9 FROM DO+ SO4 

,?IS BR+S US BACK TO ! AFT]NOON ( ,SEPTEMB] #b#d4 ,9 RESPONSE NOT ONLY TO PROTE/] HYPE BUT ALSO TO ! USUAL C\NT]9SURG5CY P>ANOIA1 ?\S&S ( POLICE & ,NATIONAL ,GU>D HAD BE5 BR\<T 9TO ,PITTSBUR< AT A CO/ ( MILLIONS & MILLIONS ( DOLL>S4 ,! LOCAL GOV]NM5T WASN'T P>TICUL>LY EAG] TO SET !M LOOSE ON DEMON/RATORS1 BUT ! ,P,G,R,P M>* LEFT !M NO *OICE4 

,POLICE W]E \T 9 =CE >\ND ,>S5AL ,P>K1 ) ! RE/ ( !IR NUMB]S ALMO/ ALL POSITION$ WE/ ( IT4 ,!Y HAD AN 9ITIAL L9E READY TO 9T]CEPT ! UNP]MITT$ M>* AT #c#g? & ,P5N ,AV5UE1 & A CONSID]ABLY /RONG] BODY ( TROOPS A C\PLE BLOCKS BEH9D ?AT4 ,!Y PLANN$ TO CONFRONT ! CR[D 9 ?IS COMP>ATIVELY ISOLAT$ >EA1 PEPP]-GASS+ ! WORK+-CLASS 9HABITANTS ( ! NEI<BORHOOD AS WELL AS ! PROTE/]S4 ,IT IS POSSIBLE !Y W]E PREP>$ TO MAKE MASS >RE/S--!Y DID SO ! FOLL[+ NI<T1 :5 IT DIDN'T MAKE ANY S5SE AT ALL--BUT !Y DIDN'T ATTEMPT TO MAKE !M IMM$IATELY4 ,9/EAD1 ! POLICE /RATEGY RE/$ ON CR[D CONTROL & DISP]SAL2 !Y PLANN$ TO BREAK UP ! CR[D FROM A DI/ANCE1 RA!R ?AN 5GAG+ 9 H&-TO-H& COMBAT4 ,! VISION ( #a PEOPLE BE+ BEAT5 & >RE/$ ON ! EV5+ NEWS WAS SIMPLY TOO MU* = LOCAL POLITICIANS TO /OMA*4 

,! POLICE DON'T SEEM TO HAVE PLAC$ MANY UND]COV]S 9 ! M>*4 ,?IS MU/ HAVE BE5 DICTAT$ BY !IR /RATEGY4 ,RELY+ ON DI/ANCE WEAPONS ?AT AFFECT EV]YONE 9DISCRIM9ATELY--PEPP] GAS1 ! ,L,R,A,D1 BEANBAG R\NDS--!Y C\LD H>DLY FILL ! M>* ) AG5TS :O W\LD BE 5DANG]$ BY !SE4 ,9 MO/ ( ! SNAT* >RE/S ?AT TRANSPIR$ ,?URSDAY AFT]NOON1 A C> PULL$ UP & (FIC]S LEAP$ \T TO GRAB ! VICTIM4 ,?IS 9DICATES FE>S = ! SAFETY ( (FIC]S 9 ! VIC9ITY ( PROTE/]S1 & POLICE REPRES5TATIVES HAVE SAID AS MU* 9 SUBSEQU5T 9T]VIEWS AB\T ! SNAT* >RE/S4 

,A POLICE /RATEGY ( CR[D CONTROL & DISP]SAL IS CONV5I5T = AN>*I/S 9 A V>IETY ( WAYS4 ,FEW] >RE/S MEANS HI<] MORALE COM+ \T ( ! MOBILIZATION & LESS LEGAL SUPPORT WORK AFT]W>DS2 CR[D CONTROL AG5TS & 0LESS LE?AL MUNITIONS0 DRAMATIZE ! OPPRESSIVE NATURE ( ! POLICE /ATE1 CREAT+ AN ATMOSPH]E ( SOCIAL CONFLICT4 ,9 ,NOR? ,AM]ICA1 WE R>ELY SEE ! POLICE RESPOND TO AN>*I/ DEMON/RATIONS ) ?IS /RATEGY2 ! ,QUEBEC ,CITY ANTI-,F,T,A,A PROTE/S ( ,APRIL #ba >E ONE ( ! ONLY O!R EXAMPLES ( ?IS OCCURR+ ON A L>GE SCALE4 ,PRESUMABLY ! AU?ORITIES ONLY ADOPT ?IS APPROA* :5 !Y >E CONV9C$ ?AT !Y >E GO+ TO BE DEAL+ ) A GREAT NUMB] ( PROTE/]S1 AT LEA/ SOME ( :OM >E CAPABLE ( DEF5D+ !MSELVES4 

,IT WAS A TREM5D\S VICTORY 9 ADVANCE ?AT ! POLICE ADOPT$ ?IS /RATEGY4 ,AGA91 A GREAT P>T ( ! CR$IT = ?IS GOES TO ! ,P,G,R,P1 :OSE ORGANIZ+ WORK MADE IT CLE> AHEAD ( TIME ?AT ,?URSDAY'S M>* W\LD NOT BE SAFE TO TRIFLE )4 ,BEYOND ?IS1 IT SEEMS TO HAVE BE5 ! RESULT ( EXT]NAL LIMITATIONS4 ,AN>*I/S %\LD NOT CONGRATULATE !MSELVES TOO MU* ON ! RESULTS ( ?IS =TUIT\S DEVELOPM5T2 IT W\LD BE MORE USEFUL TO FOCUS ON LE>N+ H[ TO PR$ICT & PRODUCE SIMIL> POLICE /RATEGIES 9 ! FUTURE4 ,IF WE MANAGE TO POSE A S]I\S ?REAT1 ! /ATE WILL SURELY MOBILIZE EV]Y =CE AT ITS DISPOSAL AGA9/ US2 BUT !RE IS A LOT TO BE GA9$ FROM ANALYZ+ ! FACTORS ?AT DET]M9E H[ ! /ATE CAN APPLY ?AT =CE4 

,AS HAS BE5 SE5 AT O!R MOBILIZATIONS1 ! POLICE W]E HESITANT TO CONFRONT ?OSE :O W]E CAPABLE ( DEF5D+ !MSELVES2 CONSEQU5TLY1 ! LATT] SUFF]$ A GREAT DEAL LESS /ATE VIOL5CE ?AN PEACEFUL PROTE/]S & HAPLESS BY/&]S4 ,AS C\NT]9TUITIVE AS IT S\NDS1 IT IS (T5 SAF] AT ! FRONT ( ! BLACK BLOC ?AN AT ! BACK ( A CR[D ( CONFUS$ SPECTATORS4 

,SUBSEQU5T NEWSPAP] REPORTS HAVE %$ SOME LI<T ON ! FAILURE ( POLICE TO RESPOND TO ! ,BA% ,BACK6 M>* ?AT DEVA/AT$ ! UNIV]SITY DI/RICT ,?URSDAY NI<T4 ,IF !SE >E TO BE BELIEV$1 EM]G5CY RESPONSE (FIC]S W]E P[]LESS TO RESPOND BECAUSE !Y HAD BE5 ASSIGN$ TO GU>D ! >EA >\ND NE>BY ,PHIPPS ,CONS]VATORY1 :]E ! ,G#b LEAD]S W]E D9+4 ,IT WAS EXTREMELY AUDACI\S TO ATTACK ! %OPP+ DI/RICT ONLY A C\PLE BLOCKS AWAY1 BUT C\PL$ ) SPE$ & ! ELEM5T ( SURPRISE1 AUDACITY CAN PAY (F1 ESPECIALLY 9 A T]RA9 ?AT L5DS ITSELF TO SWIFT MOVEM5T & DISP]SAL4 ,IT'S /ILL SURPRIS+ ?AT POLICE DID NOT SURR\ND ! M>* FROM ! V]Y BEG9N+4 ,P]HAPS !Y W]E OV]EXT5D$ POLIC+ ! RE/ ( ,OAKL& & KEEP+ UP ) ! DI/URBANCES >\ND ! CORN] BY ,S*5LEY ,PLAZA2 OR P]HAPS !Y BELIEV$ ! /ATEM5T AT ! PREVI\S NI<T'S SPOKESC\NCIL ?AT ! ,BA% ,BACK6 M>* W\LD BE A 0NONVIOL5T0 EV5T4 

,! SAME S\RCES 9DICATE ?AT ! AU?ORITIES W]E CRIPPL$ BY ! *ALL5GES ( 9TEGRAT+ (FIC]S FROM SO MANY DIFF]5T DEP>TM5TS 9TO ONE COMM& /RUCTURE4 ,?IS MADE IT IMPOSSIBLE TO 5CRYPT RADIO COMMUNICATIONS COMPLETELY2 POLICE SAW !IR ON-AIR ORD]S APPE> MOM5TS LAT] 9 ,TWITT] REPORTS1 PROMPT+ !M TO %IFT TO CELL PHONE COMMUNICATION1 :I* CANNOT HAVE IMPROV$ MATT]S4 ,IF ! ACTIONS ( ! BLACK BLOC AT ! ,R,N,C 9 ,/4 ,PAUL DID NOT COMPLETELY DISPEL ! MY? ( ! ALL-P[]FUL POLICE /ATE1 ! ,G#b PROTE/S %\LD F9I% ! JOB4 

,MASSIVE M>*ES LIKE ,?URSDAY'S CAN BE AN APPROPRIATE SPACE = DEF5SIVE MAT]IALS SU* AS RE9=C$ BANN]S2 !SE LIMIT SPE$ & MOBILITY1 BUT CAN %IELD AGA9/ POLICE ATTACKS4 ,! LAWS PASS$ 9 ADVANCE TO =BID DEF5SIVE EQUIPM5T DO NOT SEEM TO HAVE BE5 A FACTOR 9 POLICE ACTIONS OR *>GES BR\<T AGA9/ DEMON/RATORS1 BUT !Y MAY HAVE HELP$ DISC\RAGE AN>*I/S FROM BR++ SU* MAT]IALS4 ,!RE W]E SURPRIS+LY FEW BANN]S ( ANY K9D1 ) MO/ AN>*I/S OPT+ TO TRAVEL LI<T SO AS TO MOVE SWIFTLY & ADAPT TO CIRCUM/ANCES4 ,BECAUSE AN>*I/S SP5T MU* ( ,?URSDAY AVOID+1 \TRUNN+1 & \TSM>T+ POLICE =CES1 ?IS WAS PROBABLY = ! BE/1 BUT IT C\LD HAVE BE5 A MORE S]I\S PROBLEM HAD IT BE5 NECESS>Y TO BREAK ?R\< POLICE L9ES MORE (T54 ,DUR+ A CONFRONTATION AT #c#h? & ,M9TWOOD1 RIOT POLICE ATTEMPT$ TO BLOCK TWO DOZ5 PEOPLE 9 AN ALLEY2 ! PROTE/]S =C$ !IR WAY \T 9 A %OV+ MAT* ?AT LEFT ! BANN]S 9 5EMY H&S4 

,9/EAD ( T>GET+ ORGANIZ]S ) CONSPIRACY *>GES1 ! AU?ORITIES BR\<T FELONY *>GES AGA9/ TWO ALLEG$ P>TICIPANTS 9 ! COMMUNICATIONS /RUCTURE4 ,9 ! ABS5CE ( LEAD]S1 COMMS IS SOME?+ ! /ATE CAN UND]/& AS A N]VE C5T]2 ! COMMS (FICE WAS RAID$ AT ! ,R,N,C AS WELL1 ?\< ! /ATE RELEAS$ >RE/EES )\T *>GES4 ,! COMMUNICATIONS SY/EM 9 ,PITTSBUR< CONT9U$ FUNCTION+ AFT] ! RAID & >RE/S2 IT IS ABSURD TO *>GE TWO PEOPLE ) MA/]M9D+ ! PROTE/S :5 HUNDR$S & HUNDR$S ( PEOPLE W]E ACT+1 COMMUNICAT+1 & MAK+ DECISIONS 9DEP5D5TLY ON ! GR\ND4 

,JU/ AS ! ,R,N,C #h TRIAL WILL SET AN IMPORTANT PREC$5T = ORGANIZ+ 9 ! ,U,S1 ?IS CASE WILL BE 9/RUM5TAL 9 DET]M9+ H[ COMMUNICATIONS TE*NOLOGIES CAN BE US$ 9 ! #b#a/ C5TURY4 ,! ,F,B,I HAS S9CE BRUTALLY RAID$ ONE DEF5DANT'S H\SE1 UND]SCOR+ H[ IMPORTANT ?IS IS TO \R OPPRESSORS4 ,IT %\LD ALSO BE IMPORTANT TO ANYONE :O FEELS /RONGLY AB\T FREE SPEE*1 REG>DLESS ( !IR POLITICAL VIEWS4 ,WE /RONGLY URGE EV]YONE TO CIRCULATE 9=MATION AB\T ?IS CASE & SUPPORT ! DEF5DANTS BY ANY MEANS4 

,AS ( ?IS WRIT+1 ! /ORY HAS JU/ REA*$ ,NATIONAL ,PUBLIC ,RADIO1 & ONE ( ! DEF5DANTS HAS APPE>$ ON ,DEMOCRACY ,N[6 ,! SE>* W>RANT = ! RAID1 AN 9V5TORY ( SEIZ$ ITEMS1 & ! ORIG9AL CRIM9AL COMPLA9T CAN BE SE5 H]E4 

,ROOM = ,IMPROVEM5T 

  

,P]HAPS ! MO/ IMPORTANT QUE/ION IS :E!R WE CAN CONSOLIDATE ! PROGRESS WE'VE MADE ?R\< ! ,R,N,C & ! ,G#b T[>DS DET]M9+ ! =MAT & *>ACT] ( PROTE/ 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES4 

,MANY AN>*I/S SAT \T ! ,G#b PROTE/S1 NOT EXPECT+ !M TO BE SUCCESSFUL OR IMPORTANT4 ,! FEW HUNDR$ :O DID COME FROM \T ( T[N W]E ABLE TO ACCOMPLI% A GREAT DEAL1 ?ANKS L>GELY TO LOCAL P>TICIPATION2 BUT ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T %\LD BE ABLE TO MOBILIZE GREAT] NUMB]S = EV5TS LIKE ?IS4 ,IT NE$N'T 9T]RUPT ONGO+ LOCAL ORGANIZ+ TO TAKE A FEW DAYS (F ONCE A YE> = A MOBILIZATION4 ,9 ANO!R SETT+1 A BLACK BLOC ( ?REE HUNDR$ W\LD SIMPLY NOT HAVE BE5 5\<4 

,MANY P>TICIPANTS VA/LY OV]E/IMAT$ ! REPRESSIVE P[] ( ! AU?ORITIES 9 ADVANCE1 P]HAPS 9 P>T BECAUSE IT HAS BE5 SO LONG S9CE A SUCCESSFUL MOBILIZATION ON ?IS SCALE4 ,9 SOME WAYS1 ! EV5TS ( ,?URSDAY W]E A PLEASANT SURPRISE1 BUT IT'S NEV] ADVANTAGE\S TO MISJUDGE ! PLANS ( ! POLICE4 ,= EXAMPLE1 AT ! SPOKESC\NCIL ! NI<T BE=E1 SEV]AL DOZ5 PROTE/]S AGRE$ TO DO JAIL SOLID>ITY ON ! ASSUMPTION ?AT 5\< ( !M W\LD BE >RE/$ ?AT !Y W\LD CON/ITUTE A =CE ) SOME LEV]AGE4 ,AS IT TURN$ \T1 ONLY A V]Y SMALL NUMB] ( !M W]E >RE/$1 LEAV+ ! FEW 9DIVIDUALS :O REFUS$ TO GIVE !IR NAMES 9 JAIL HI< & DRY4 

,IT IS IMPOSSIBLE TO PR$ICT POLICE /RATEGY ) ANY C]TA9TY1 BUT BE+ ABLE TO DO SO MORE ACCURATELY W\LD HELP AN>*I/S PLAN BETT]4 ,MANY PEOPLE >E PROBABLY KICK+ !MSELVES N[ = NOT GO+ TO ,PITTSBUR<4 ,9 MANY WAYS1 ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T IS /ILL HAUNT$ BY ! <O/S ( ! ,MIAMI ,F,T,A,A & ! ,/4 ,PAUL ,R,N,C1 EV5 ?\< WE HAVE 5T]$ A NEW ]A4 ,IF AN>*I/S MA9TA9 CONFRONTATIONAL ORGANIZ+ 9 ! WAKE ( ! ,G#b1 WE CAN EXPECT ! /ATE TO 9CREASE ! =CE IT EMPLOYS AGA9/ US1 BUT ?IS CANNOT R5D] US P[]LESS--ONLY \R [N FE> & DISORGANIZATION CAN DO ?AT4 ,! BATTLES ?AT TOOK PLACE 9 ,PITTSBUR< (F] 9/RUCTIVE EXAMPLES ( H[ \TNUMB]$ & \TGUNN$ PROTE/]S CAN NEV]!LESS /RIKE EFFECTIVE BL[S 9 ! /REET4 

,AS 9 PRACTICALLY EV]Y O!R SPH]E ( AN>*I/ ORGANIZ+1 ATTRITION REMA9S ONE ( \R MO/ S]I\S PROBLEMS4 ,V]Y FEW ( ! P>TICIPANTS 9 ! ,G#b MOBILIZATION W]E 9VOLV$ 9 MOBILIZATIONS >\ND ! TURN ( ! C5TURY2 IF WE DON'T RETA9 MORE P>TICIPANTS FROM ?IS G5]ATION1 WE WILL HAVE TO RELE>N ! SAME LESSONS & BUILD UP ! SAME SKILLSETS ALL OV] AGA9 9 ANO!R DECADE OR LESS4 

,P]HAPS ! MO/ IMPORTANT QUE/ION IS :E!R WE CAN CONSOLIDATE ! PROGRESS WE'VE MADE ?R\< ! ,R,N,C & ! ,G#b T[>DS DET]M9+ ! =MAT & *>ACT] ( PROTE/ 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES4 ,IT'S NOT CLE> :E!R O!R AN>*I/ COMMUNITIES WILL BE ABLE TO REPLICATE ! A*IEVEM5TS ( !IR COMRADES 9 ,M9NEAPOLIS & ,PITTSBUR<4 ,9 /RUGGL+ TO PRES5T ALT]NATIVES TO ! DOCILE & DEFEATI/ =MS ( PROTE/ CURR5TLY VIEW$ AS LEGITIMATE1 WE >E GO+ AGA9/ ! GRA9 ( POLITICAL DISC\RSE 9 ! ,U,S2 IF WE CAN SUCCE$ AT ?IS1 IT WILL *ANGE ! %APE ( RESI/ANCE MOVEM5TS 9 ?IS C\NTRY4 ,LET'S HOPE ,PITTSBUR< WAS NOT AN ANOMALY1 BUT A /EP T[>DS ?IS4 

,! SAME DAY ! UNP]MITT$ M>* GA!R$ AT ,>S5AL ,P>K 9 ,PITTSBUR<1 /UD5TS & WORK]S OCCUPI$ ! ,GRADUATE ,/UD5T ,COMMONS AT ! ,UNIV]SITY ( ,CALI=NIA AT ,SANTA ,CRUZ1 :ILE /UD5TS AT ! ,NEW ,S*OOL 9 ,NEW ,YORK ,CITY %UT D[N A TALK BY =M] ,SECRET>Y ( ,HOMEL& ,SECURITY ,TOM ,RIDGE4 ,!SE ACTIONS >E AT LEA/ AS IMPORTANT & 9/RUCTIVE AS ! ,G#b PROTE/S2 WE CAN /AGE A MASS MOBILIZATION ONCE A YE>1 BUT WE W9 OR LOSE GR\ND 9 ! /RUGGLE AGA9/ HI]>*Y 9 ONGO+ LOCAL 5GAGEM5TS4 

,9 ?AT REG>D1 ! /RATEGIC LESSONS ( ,PITTSBUR< >E NO MORE IMPORTANT ?AN ! FEEL+ ( EMP[]M5T ?AT P>TICIPANTS TOOK HOME ) !M4 ,HUNDR$S ( PEOPLE N[ FEEL 9 !IR BODIES ?AT1 %\LD CIRCUM/ANCES REQUIRE1 !Y CAN DON MASKS & SWEAT%IRTS & BECOME AN UN/OPPABLE =CE ( DEFIANCE4 

,ALL ?IS MAY /ILL MISS ! M>K4 ,9 ! MID/ ( AN ECONOMIC CRISIS1 :5 A GREAT P>T ( ! POPULATION IS /RUGGL+ JU/ TO MAKE 5DS MEET1 NEI!R NATIONWIDE MOBILIZATIONS NOR LOCAL OCCUPATIONS WILL PUT FOOD DIRECTLY ON ! TABLE4 ,WE NE$ TO POPUL>IZE AN>*I/ ALT]NATIVES ?AT CAN PROVIDE = DAILY-LIFE SURVIVAL NE$S2 ?IS IS ! FIELD 9 :I* SUCCESSFUL MODELS C\LD BE MO/ CONTAGI\S & TRANS=MATIVE4 ,\R SUCCESS 9 ?IS SPH]E WILL DET]M9E :AT WE >E CAPABLE ( 9 EV]Y O!R CONTEXT4 ,P]HAPS \R NEXT MOBILIZATION %\LD BE DEC5TRALIZ$1 TAK+ PLACE 9 EV]Y NEI<BORHOOD >\ND ! C\NTRY1 (F]+ PEOPLE ! OPPORTUNITY TO FI<T = !IR [N LIVES 9 AN IMM$IATE S5SE4 

,?IS IS NOT TO SAY WE %\LD HANG UP \R BLACK SWEAT%IRTS4 ,!Y MAY BE USEFUL 9 ?AT FI<T AS WELL4 

7,S\RCE3 ,RETRIEV$ ON #i? ,NOVEMB] #bb FROM CRIME?9C4COM47 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,JANU>Y #a#d1 #bbb 3 ,G#b ,MOBILIZATION3 ,PRELIM9>Y ,ASSESSM5T -- ,ADD$4 

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