,GRE5 ,SC>$8 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,CRIME?,9C4 

,TEXT 3 

,= YE>S1 ! ,F,B,I T>GET$ ECOLOGICAL ACTIVI/S AS !IR _?#a PRIORITY4 ,?IS IS ONE ( ! *IEF REASONS 5VIRONM5TAL DEVA/ATION HAS CONT9U$ UN*ECK$4 

,AT ! 5D ( #b#e1 ! ,F,B,I OP5$ A NEW PHASE ( ITS ASSAULT ON E>? & ANIMAL LIB]ATION MOVEM5TS--KN[N AS ! ,GRE5 ,SC>E--) ! >RE/S & 9DICTM5TS ( A L>GE NUMB] ( ACTIVI/S4 ,?IS (F5SIVE1 DUBB$ ,OP]ATION ,BACKFIRE1 WAS 9T5D$ TO OBTA9 CONVICTIONS = MANY ( ! UNSOLV$ ,E>? ,LIB]ATION ,FRONT >SONS ( ! PREC$+ T5 YE>S--BUT MORE SO1 TO HAVE A *ILL+ EFFECT ON ALL ECOLOGICAL DIRECT ACTION4 ,9 ! FOLL[+ ANALYSIS1 ORIG9ALLY PUBLI%$ 9 ,ROLL+ ,?UND] 9 #b#h1 WE REVIEW EV]Y?+ WE CAN LE>N FROM ! ,OP]ATION ,BACKFIRE CASES1 ) ! 9T5TION ( PASS+ ON ! LESSONS = ! NEXT G5]ATION ( 5VIRONM5TAL ACTIVI/S4 

,= ,?OSE ,:O ,CAME 9 ,LATE444 

  

,( ?OSE *>G$ 9 ,OP]ATION ,BACKFIRE1 N9E ULTIMATELY COOP]AT$ ) ! GOV]NM5T & 9=M$ ON O!RS 9 HOPES ( R$UC$ S5T5CES3 ,/ANISLAS ,MEY]H(F1 ,KEV9 ,TUBBS1 ,*ELSEA ,DAWN ,G]LA*1 ,SUZANNE ,SAVOIE1 ,K5DALL ,TANK]SLEY1 ,J5NIF] ,KOL>1 ,LACEY ,PHILLABAUM1 ,D>R5 ,?UR/ON1 &1 MU* LAT]1 ,BRIANA ,WAT]S4 ,F\R HELD \T ?R\< A T]RIFY+ YE>1 DUR+ :I* IT SEEM$ C]TA9 !Y W\LD 5D UP S]V+ DECADES 9 PRISON1 UNTIL !Y W]E ABLE TO BROK] PLEA DEALS 9 :I* !Y C\LD CLAIM RESPONSIBILITY = !IR ACTIONS )\T PROVID+ 9=MATION AB\T O!RS3 ,DANIEL ,MC,G[AN1 ,JONA?AN ,PAUL1 ,EXILE 7AKA ,NA?AN ,BLOCK71 & ,SADIE 7AKA ,JOYANNA ,ZA*]7.<#a.>4 ,ANO!R DEF5DANT1 ,WILLIAM ,RODG]S 7AKA ,AVALON71 TRAGICALLY PASS$ AWAY 9 AN ALLEG$ SUICIDE :ILE 9 CU/ODY %ORTLY AFT] HIS >RE/4 ,FUGITIVE ,JU/9 ,SOLONDZ WAS CAPTUR$ 9 ,*9A 9 #bi & COMPLET$ HIS S5T5CE 9 ,JANU>Y #b#a#g2 ,REBECCA ,RUB9 TURN$ H]SELF 9 9 #b#a#b1 AFT] MANY YE>S ON ! RUN1 & WAS S5T5C$ TO FIVE YE>S 9 PRISON4 ,JOSEPH ,DIBEE WAS EXTRADIT$ FROM ,CUBA TO ! ,U,S 9 ,AUGU/ #bah TO FACE *>GES4 ,ONE MORE DEF5DANT HAS BE5 *>G$ BUT NOT F\ND4 

,! MON?S FOLL[+ ! LAUN* ( ,OP]ATION ,BACKFIRE SAW AN UNPREC$5T$ 9CREASE 9 GOV]NM5T REPRESSION ( AN>*I/ 5VIRONM5TAL ACTIVI/S1 :I* CAME TO BE KN[N AS ! ,GRE5 ,SC>E4 ,LONGTIME ANIMAL LIB]ATION ACTIVI/ ,ROD ,CORONADO WAS *>G$ ) A FELONY = ANSW]+ A QUE/ION DUR+ A SPEAK+ APPE>ANCE1 & FAC$ POT5TIALLY DECADES 9 PRISON4 ,SIX ANIMAL RI<TS ACTIVI/S ASSOCIAT$ ) ,%,A,C1 ! CAMPAIGN AGA9/ ANIMAL TE/+ CORPORATION ,HUNT+DON ,LIFE ,SCI5CES1 W]E S5T5C$ TO SEV]AL YE>S 9 PRISON1 ESS5TIALLY = RUNN+ A WEBSITE4 ,ANIMAL LIB]ATIONI/ ,PET] ,Y\NG1 :O HAD SP5T SEV5 YE>S ON ! RUN FROM ! ,F,B,I1 HAD F9ALLY BE5 CAPTUR$ & WAS BE+ ?REAT5$ ) D\BLE JEOP>DY4 ,TRE ,>R[1 FAM\S = SURVIV+ A #a-FOOT FALL :5 POLICE & LOGG]S =C$ HIM \T ( A =E/ OCCUPATION1 WAS FI<T+ EXTRADITION FROM ,CANADA TO ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES TO FACE >SON *>GES4 ,9NUM]ABLE PEOPLE W]E SUBPO5A$ TO GR& JURIES1.<#b.> & SOME DID JAIL TIME = REFUS+ TO COOP]ATE4 ,P]HAPS MO/ OM9\SLY ( ALL1 ?REE Y\NG PEOPLE W]E SET UP BY AN AG5T PROVOCATEUR & >RE/$ ON CONSPIRACY *>GES )\T HAV+ ACTUALLY DONE ANY?+ AT ALL4 ,TWO ( !M1 ,ZA*>Y ,J5SON & ,LAUR5 ,WE9]1 PL$ GUILTY & BECAME GOV]NM5T 9=MANTS2 ! ?IRD1 ,]IC ,MC,DAVID1 :O HAS CONTRACT$ LIFE-?REAT5+ HEAL? PROBLEMS AS A CONSEQU5CE ( BE+ D5I$ VEGAN FOOD BY HIS JAIL]S1 WAS REC5TLY F\ND GUILTY & AWAITS S5T5C+4 

,?IS PHASE ( ! ,GRE5 ,SC>E SEEMS TO BE DRAW+ TO A CLOSE4 ,MO/ ( ?OSE APPREH5D$ 9 ,OP]ATION ,BACKFIRE >E N[ S]V+ !IR S5T5CES4 ,! FIR/ ( ! ,%,A,C DEF5DANTS HAS BE5 RELEAS$ FROM PRISON4 ,PET] ,Y\NG HAS BE5 \T ( PRISON = A YE> & IS DO+ SPEAK+ T\RS4 ,ROD ,CORONADO'S TRIAL 5D$ 9 A DEADLOCK1 & HE TOOK A PLEA 9 RETURN = A %ORT S5T5CE :5 ! GOV]NM5T ?REAT5$ TO BR+ FUR!R *>GES AGA9/ HIM4 ,IT'S BE5 MON?S N[ S9CE A NEW HI< PR(ILE FELONY CASE WAS BR\<T AGA9/ AN 5VIRONM5TAL ACTIVI/1 ?\< F$]AL AG5TS HAVE BE5 POK+ >\ND 9 ! ,MIDWE/4 ,IT'S TIME TO BEG9 D]IV+ LESSONS FROM ! PA/ TWO YE>S ( GOV]NM5T REPRESSION1 TO EQUIP ! NEXT G5]ATION ?AT WILL TAKE ! FRONT L9ES 9 ! /RUGGLE TO DEF5D LIFE ON E>?4 

,DI/+UI%+ BETWE5 ,P]CEIV$ & ,REAL ,?REATS 

  

,9 SOME AN>*I/ CIRCLES1 ! 9ITIAL ONSET ( ! ,GRE5 ,SC>E WAS MET ) A PANIC ?AT RIVAL$ ! RESPONSE TO ! ,SEPTEMB] #aa ATTACKS4 ,?IS1 ( C\RSE1 WAS EXACTLY :AT ! GOV]NM5T WANT$3 QUITE AP>T FROM BR++ 9DIVIDUAL ACTIVI/S TO 0JU/ICE10 !Y HOP$ TO 9TIMIDATE ALL :O SEE DIRECT ACTION AS ! MO/ EFFECTIVE MEANS ( SOCIAL *ANGE4 ,RA!R ?AN AID+ ! GOV]NM5T BY MAK+ EXAGG]AT$ ASSUMPTIONS AB\T H[ DANG]\S IT IS TO BE AN AN>*I/ TODAY1 WE MU/ SORT \T :AT !SE CASES %[ AB\T ! CURR5T CAPABILITIES & LIMITS ( GOV]NM5T REPRESSION4 

,! PURPOSE ( ?IS 9QUIRY IS NOT TO ADVOCATE OR S5SATIONALIZE ANY P>TICUL> TACTIC OR APPROA*4 ,WE %\LD BE C>EFUL NOT TO GLORIFY ILLEGAL ACTIVITY--IT'S IMPORTANT TO NOTE ?AT MO/ ( EV5 ! /AUN*E/ NON-COOP]AT+ DEF5DANTS HAVE EXPRESS$ REGRETS AB\T !IR *OICES1 ?\< ?IS MU/ BE UND]/OOD 9 ! CONTEXT ( !IR C\RT CASES4 ,AT ! SAME TIME1 F$]AL REPRESSION AFFECTS EV]YONE 9VOLV$ 9 RESI/ANCE1 NOT JU/ ?OSE :O P>TICIPATE 9 ILLEGAL DIRECT ACTION2 ! ,GRE5 ,SC>E (F]S CASE /UDIES ( ! SITUATION WE >E ALL 91 LIKE IT OR NOT4 

,CASE ,/UDY 9 ,REPRESSION3 ,EUG5E1 ,OREGON 

  

,OP]ATION ,BACKFIRE TOOK PLACE AGA9/ A BACKDROP ( GOV]NM5T 9VE/IGATION1 H>ASSM5T1 & PR(IL+ ( PRESUM$ AN>*I/S 9 ! ,PACIFIC ,NOR?WE/4 ,IT IS NO CO9CID5CE ?AT ,EUG5E1 ,OREGON WAS A MAJOR FOCUS ( ! ,OP]ATION ,BACKFIRE CASES1 AS IT HAS BE5 A HOTB$ ( DISS5T & RADICALISM OV] ! PA/ DECADE & A HALF--AL?\< REPRESSION & O!R PROBLEMS HAVE TAK5 A TOLL 9 REC5T YE>S4 ,WE CAN'T (F] A DEF9ITIVE ANALYSIS ( ! 9T]NAL DYNAMICS ( ! ,EUG5E AN>*I/ COMMUNITY1 BUT WE CAN LOOK AT H[ ! AU?ORITIES W5T AB\T REPRESS+ IT4 

,ONE USEFUL RES\RCE = ?IS 9QUIRY IS 0,AN>*I/ ,DIRECT ,ACTIONS3 ,A ,*ALL5GE = ,LAW ,5=CEM5T10 

AN >TICLE ?AT APPE>$ 9 ,/UDIES 9 ,CONFLICT @& ,T]RORISM 9 #b#e1 AU?OR$ BY ,R&Y ,BORUM ( ! ,UNIV]SITY ( ,S\? ,FLORIDA & ,*UCK ,TILBY ( ! ,EUG5E ,POLICE ,DEP>TM5T4 ,ACCORD+ TO ,JEFF 70,FREE07 ,LU]S1 ,TILBY WAS ONE ( ! COPS :O SURVEILL$ ,FREE & HIS CODEF5DANT ,CRITT] ON ! NI<T ( !IR >RE/ 9 ,JUNE #b4 ,TILBY HAS GIV5 PRES5TATIONS ON ! 0CRIM9AL AN>*I/0 MOVEM5T TO LAW 5=CEM5T GR\PS1 & WAS 9TIMATELY 9VOLV$ 9 ! ,OP]ATION ,BACKFIRE CASES1 EV5 MAK+ /ATEM5TS TO ! M$IA & PROVID+ A QUOTE TO ! ,F,B,I PRESS RELEASE AT ! 5D ( ! ,OREGON F$]AL PROSECUTION4 

,SURPRIS+LY1 ! >TICLE DOES NOT EXPLICITLY REF]5CE ,EUG5E1 ,OREGON AT ALL4 ,BESIDES ,TILBY'S BYL9E AT ! BEG9N+1 !RE'S NO 9DICATION ?AT ! PAP] WAS CO-WRITT5 FROM ,EUG5E4 ,ALL ! SAME1 ! >TICLE PROVIDES SEV]AL IMPORTANT CLUES AB\T H[ ! GOV]NM5T PROCE$$ AGA9/ ! ,OREGON DEF5DANTS & ?OSE :O W]E P]CEIV$ TO SUPPORT !M4 

,! AU?ORS C5TRALIZE ! IMPORTANCE ( 9TELLIG5CE & 9=MANTS = REPRESS+ CRIM9AL 0AN>*I/S10 :ILE ACKN[L$G+ ! DIFFICULTY ( OBTA9+ !M4 ,9 ! CASE ( GR& JURY SUBPO5AS1 AN>*I/S REGUL>LY FAIL TO COMPLY1 & SUPPORT GR\PS >E (T5 SET UP = ?OSE T>GET$2 ONE ( ! MORE REC5T EXAMPLES ( ?IS WAS ,JEFF ,HOGG1 :O RECEIV$ A GR& JURY SUBPO5A :ILE ! ,BACKFIRE PROSECUTIONS W]E UND]WAY & WAS JAIL$ = NE>LY SIX MON?S 9 #bf AS A RESULT4 ,! AU?ORS W>N ?AT 09VE/IGATORS & LAW 5=CEM5T (FIC]S %\LD BE CAUTI\S DUR+ QUE/ION+ NOT TO DIVULGE MORE TO ! SUBJECT AB\T ! CASE 7VIA QUE/IONS71 ?AN IS LE>N$ ?R\< !IR TE/IMONY40 ,9DE$1 QUE/IONS ASK$ BY GR& JURIES TURN$ UP MORE ?AN ONCE 9 ! PAGES ( ! ,E>? ,FIR/6 ,J\RNAL1 :I* WAS $IT$ FROM ,EUG5E = A TIME4 ,IT IS EXTREMELY IMPORTANT TO SUPPORT ?OSE UND] 9VE/IGATION & KEEP ABREA/ ( 9VE/IGATORS' EF=TS4 ,SOME BELIEVE ?AT ! ,BACKFIRE 9VE/IGATION ONLY >RIV$ AT A POSITION ( REAL /R5G? ONCE SU* SUPPORT />T$ TO WEAK5 9 ,OREGON4 

,REG>D+ 9FILTRATION1 0,AN>*I/ ,DIRECT ,ACTIONS0 ADVISES ?AT3 

,:AT WE KN[ ( ! E>LY ,BACKFIRE 9VE/IGATION PO9TS TO A /RATEGY ( G5]ALIZ$ MONITOR+ & 9FILTRATION4 ,:ILE 9VE/IGATORS US$ 9CREAS+LY FOCUS$ TOOLS & /RATEGIES AS ! 9VE/IGATION GA9$ /EAM--= EXAMPLE1 S5D+ 0COOP]AT+ WITNESSES0 WE>+ BODY WIRES TO TALK TO SPECIFIC T>GETS--!Y />T$ \T BY SIFT+ ?R\< A :OLE DEMOGRAPHIC ( C\NT]-CULTURAL TYPES4 ,ACTIVI/ & PUNK H\SES AS WELL AS GA!R+ SPOTS SU* AS B>S W]E PLAC$ UND] SURVEILLANCE--AN>*I/S :O DR9K %\LD BE C>EFUL AB\T ! WAY ALCOHOL CAN LOOS5 LIPS4 ,9FILTRATORS & 9=MANTS T>GET$ NOT ONLY ! MO/ VISIBLY COMMITT$ AN>*I/S1 BUT ALSO BOHEMIANS :O 9HABIT$ SIMIL> CULTURAL & SOCIAL SPH]ES4 ,POLICE ACCUMULAT$ TREM5D\S AM\NTS ( BACKGR\ND 9=MATION EV5 :ILE FAIL+ TO P5ETRATE ! CIRCLES 9 :I* DIRECT ACTION WAS ORGANIZ$4 ,! APPROXIMATELY #c1 PAGES ( DISCOV]Y 9 ! ,OREGON CASES CONTA9 A VA/ AM\NT ( GOSSIP & BACKGR\ND 9=MATION ON QUITE A FEW FROM ! ,EUG5E COMMUNITY4 

,A SIMIL> PR(IL+ ME?ODOLOGY APPE>S TO HAVE BE5 US$ 9 NE>BY ,PORTL&1 ,OREGON4 ,9 ,M>* #b#a1 = EXAMPLE1 A L>GE-SCALE POLICE RAID WAS C>RI$ \T ON A H\SE P>TY ATT5D$ BY ,PORTL& PUNK ROCK]S4 ,! ATT5DEES W]E PHOTOGRAPH$ & QUE/ION$ AB\T ! ,E>? & ,ANIMAL ,LIB]ATION ,FRONTS4 ,SOME W]E >RE/$ & *>G$ ) KIDNAPP+ & ASSAULT ON AN (FIC]--A /&>D OV]-*>G+ :I* EV5TUALLY L$ TO PLEA DEALS4 ,! DEF5DANTS FROM ! RAID W]E VIDEOTAP$ AT !IR C\RT APPE>ANCES BY (FIC]S LAT] ID5TIFI$ AS ,GANG ,5=CEM5T ,UNIT MEMB]S4 ,9 ! AFT]MA? ( ?IS RAID1 COPS R\T9ELY H>ASS$ PUNKS ON ! /REET1 DEM&+ TO BE TOLD :E!R !Y W]E AN>*I/S4 

,9 RETROSPECT1 IT SEEMS LIKELY ?AT SU* EF=TS W]E NOT MEANT SIMPLY TO 9TIMIDATE ,PORTL&'S PUNKS1 BUT TO UNCOV] 9=MATION RELEVANT TO ! AN>*I/ & ,A,L,F_/,E,L,F CASES ( ! TIME4 ,?IS MAY HAVE BE5 A WRONG /EP 9 ! ,BACKFIRE 9VE/IGATION2 RI<T N[ !RE'S NO WAY TO KN[4 ,WE DO KN[1 H[EV]1 ?AT 0WIDE NET0 APPROA*ES BY ! /ATE CAN BE EFFECTIVE AT /IFL+ SOCIALLY AW>E SUBCULTURES1 EV5 :5 !Y UNCOV] NO REAL L9KS TO RADICAL ACTION4 ,=TUNATELY1 9 ,PORTL& ?OSE AFFECT$ BY ! RAID CAME TOGE!R 9 RESPONSE1 AID+ EA* O!R1 LIMIT+ ! DAMAGE DONE1 & TAK+ ADVANTAGE ( ! SITUATION TO DRAW ATT5TION TO POLICE ACTIVITY4 

,ANO!R PO9T ( SPECULATION IS ! DEGREE TO :I* AU?ORITIES FO/]$ DIVISION & 9FI<T+ )9 RADICAL CIRCLES 9 ,EUG5E4 ,?IS WAS A COMMON ,C,O,9,T,E,L,P,R,O.<#c.> TACTIC1 & IS PROBABLY /ILL 9 USE4 ,BORUM & ,TILBY H9T AT ?IS 9 ! F9AL SECTION ( !IR PAP]1 0,LAW ,5=CEM5T ,/RATEGIES_/ ,IMPLICATIONS03 

,= ?OSE FAMILI> ) ,EUG5E RADICAL CIRCLES1 ?IS BR+S TO M9D ! HEAT$ CONFLICTS OV] G5D] & FEM9ISM )9 ?AT COMMUNITY4 ,!RE IS NO CONCRETE EVID5CE ?AT GOV]NM5T OP]ATIVES W]E 9VOLV$ 9 ESCALAT+ SU* DEBATES1 & WE %\LD BE C>EFUL NOT TO JUMP TO CONCLUSIONS2 SU* SPECULATION CAN ONLY ASSI/ ! /ATE BY PROPAGAT+ P>ANOIA4 ,H[EV]1 LAW 5=CEM5T FROM LOCAL TO F$]AL LEVELS MU/ HAVE BE5 AW>E ( ! VULN]ABILITIES ?AT OP5$ UP :5 REAL DEBATES TURN$ TO GR\P?9K & FACTIONALISM 9 ,EUG5E4 ,TILBY & HIS COHORTS MU/ HAVE US$ SU* 9SI<TS TO !IR ADVANTAGE AS !Y DEVIS$ ANTI-AN>*I/ /RATEGIES4 ,BY ! TIME ,OP]ATION ,BACKFIRE GR& JURIES BEGAN FOLL[+ UP ON REAL LEADS 9 ,EUG5E1 MANY :O C\LD HAVE COME TOGE!R TO OPPOSE !M W]E NO LONG] ON SPEAK+ T]MS4 ,:ILE ?IS DOES NOT JU/IFY ! LACK ( 9TEGRITY %[N BY ?OSE :O ASSI/$ GR& JURIES1 IT DOES (F] SOME CONTEXT = :Y ! GR& JURIES W]5'T RESI/$ MORE EFFECTIVELY4 

,BORUM & ,TILBY CLOSE !IR PAP] BY URG+ 9VE/IGATORS TO DISPLAY 0PATI5CE & P]SI/5CE0--& 9DE$1 PATI5CE & P]SI/5CE ULTIMATELY PAID (F 9 ,OP]ATION ,BACKFIRE4 ,?IS IS NOT TO L5D CR$IBILITY TO ! NOTION ?AT 0,! ,F,B,I ALWAYS GET !IR MAN40 ,! 9VE/IGATION WAS RIDDL$ ) ]RORS & MIS/EPS2 PL5TY ( O!R ACTIONS WILL NEV] BE PROSECUT$1 AS ! AU?ORITIES GOT NEI!R LUCKY BREAKS NOR USEFUL COOP]ATION4 ,BUT WE MU/ UND]/& ?AT REPRESSION1 & RESI/ANCE TO IT1 >E BO? LONG-T]M PROJECTS1 /RET*+ ACROSS YE>S & DECADES4 

,ACCORD+ TO SOME ACC\NTS1 ONE ( ! MO/ SIGNIFICANT LEADS 9 ,OP]ATION ,BACKFIRE CAME FROM A NAIVE REQUE/ = POLICE REPORTS AT A ,EUG5E POLICE /ATION4 ,ACCORD+ TO ?IS V]SION1 ! POLICE D$UC$ FROM ?IS REQUE/ ?AT !Y %\LD PAY ATT5TION TO ,JACOB ,F]GUSON2 ,F]GUSON LAT] BECAME ! MAJOR 9=MANT 9 !SE CASES4 ,IT IS LESS FREQU5TLY M5TION$ ?AT ! POLICE W]E ACCUS+ ,F]GUSON ( AN >SON HE DID NOT P>TICIPATE 96 ,) ,F]GUSON1 ! UNLIKELY HAPP5$ & IT PAID (F = ! AU?ORITIES TO BE WRONG4 ,LAT] ON1 :5 AG5TS MADE !IR FIR/ >RE/S & PRES5T$ GR& JURY SUBPO5AS ON ,DECEMB] #g1 #b#e1 TWO ( ?OSE SUBPO5A$ W]E WRONGLY ASSUM$ TO HAVE BE5 9VOLV$ 9 ATTACKS4 ,!IR SUBPO5AS W]E EV5TUALLY DROPP$1 AS ! AU?ORITIES GA9$ ! COOP]ATION ( MORE 9=MANTS & EV5TUALLY MADE MOVES TO >RE/ ,EXILE & ,SADIE 9/EAD4 

,! 9VE/IGATION WAS NOT AS UN/OPPABLE & DYNAMIC AS ! GOV]NM5T W\LD LIKE US TO ?9K1 AL?\< ! PROSECUTION GA!R$ =CE AS MORE 9DIVIDUALS ROLL$ ON O!RS4 ,! AU?ORITIES SP5T YE>S /UMBL+ >\ND1 & !Y CONT9U$ TO FALT] EV5 :5 PROSECUTION EF=TS W]E UND]WAY--BUT !Y W]E T5ACI\S & KEPT AT !IR EF=TS4 ,MEAN:ILE1 RADICAL MOM5TUM WAS LESS CONSI/5T4 

,LET'S REVIEW ! >C ( RADICAL ACTIVITY 9 ,EUG5E OV] ! PA/ DECADE4 ,! ANTICAPITALI/ RIOT ( ,JUNE #a#h1 #aiii 9 ,EUG5E L$ TO JUBILATION ON ! P>T ( AN>*I/S1 EV5 IF ONE P>TICIPANT SP5T SEV5 YE>S 9 PRISON AS A RESULT4 ,! P>TICIPANTS 9 ! ,JUNE #ah ,DAY ( ,ACTION HAD PUT UP A FI<T & FUCK$ UP SOME SYMBOLS ( MIS]Y 9 ! T[N1 CAT*+ ! POLICE UNPREP>$4 ,! PIT*$ BATTLES ON ! /REETS ( ,SEATTLE LAT] ?AT YE> AT ! ,W,T,O MEET+ ONLY RE9=C$ ! FEEL+ ?AT ! :OLE WORLD WAS UP = GRABS4 ,MO/ ( ! ACTIVE AN>*I/S 9 ,EUG5E HAD NEV] LIV$ ?R\< SU* A P]IOD BE=E4 ,DESPITE ! PALTRY DEM&S & MUDDL$ ANALYSIS ( MU* ( ! (FICIAL 0ANTIGLOBALIZATION0 MOVEM5T1 !RE WAS A S5SE ?AT DEEP] *ANGE C\LD BE F\<T = & WON4 ,BE+ AN AN>*I/ SEEM$ LIKE ! COOLE/ ?+ Y\ C\LD BE1 & ?IS P]CEPTION WAS MAGNIFI$ BY ! M$IA ATT5TION ?AT FOLL[$4 ,! ,E,L,F WAS SETT+ FIRES ALL OV] ! REGION AT ! TIME4 

,A S]IES ( REV]SALS FOLL[$4 ,9 ,JUNE #b#a1 ,FREE RECEIV$ HIS 9ITIAL S5T5CE ( #bb YE>S & EI<T MON?S4 ,! FOLL[+ MON?1 ,C>LO ,GIULIANI WAS MURD]$ ON ! /REETS ( ,G5OA DUR+ PROTE/S AGA9/ ! ,G#h SUMMIT 9 ,ITALY4 ,:ILE BO? ( !SE TRAG$IES ILLU/RAT$ ! RISKS ( CONFRONT+ ! CAPITALI/ SY/EM1 ,FREE'S S5T5CE HIT HOME ESPECIALLY H>D 9 ,EUG5E4 ,9 ! *ANG$ ATMOSPH]E1 SOME BEGAN DROPP+ AWAY & 0GETT+ ON ) !IR LIVES0--NOT NECESS>ILY BETRAY+ !IR E>LI] PR9CIPLES1 BUT %IFT+ !IR FOCUS & PRIORITIES4 ,?IS ATTRITION 9T5SIFI$ :5 ,AM]ICAN FLAGS APPE>$ EV]Y:]E 9 ! AFT]MA? ( ,SEPTEMB] #a#a1 #b#a4 ,AN>*I/ EF=TS DID NOT CEASE1 BUT A P]IOD ( RELATIVE DISORI5TATION FOLL[$4 ,A YE> & A HALF LAT]1 ! 9VASION ( ,IRAQ PROVID$ ANO!R OPPORTUNITY = RADICALS TO MOBILIZE1 BUT SOME CONSI/5CY HAD BE5 LO/ 9 ! ,EUG5E >EA4 ,& ALL ! :ILE1 ,F,B,I EMPLOYES & POLICE KEPT !IR REGUL> H\RS1 DAY 9 & DAY \T4 

,LAW 5=CEM5T RECEIV$ ITS MO/ SIGNIFICANT BREAK?R\< 9 ! ,BACKFIRE CASES--EV5 ?\< IT />T$ AS AN 9CORRECT HYPO!SIS--JU/ BE=E ,FREE'S S5T5C+1 9 ! P]IOD BETWE5 AN>*I/ JUBILATION & ! %IFT TO ! DEF5SIVE4 ,! SAME FIRES ?AT W]E 9CORRECTLY L9K$ TO ,F]GUSON W]E US$ TO JU/IFY ,FREE'S /IFF S5T5CE1 :I* 9TIMIDAT$ SOME AN>*I/S \T ( ACTION4 ,!RE WAS NOT 5\< REVALUATION1 LE>N+1 & %>P5+ ( SKILLS1 NOR 5\< EF=TS AT CONFLICT RESOLUTION2 ! RETREAT OCCURR$ BY DEFAULT4 ,:AT W\LD HAVE HAPP5$ IF ! ,BACKFIRE 9VE/IGATION HAD CONT9U$ UND] DIFF]5T CIRCUM/ANCES1 :ILE RADICALS MA9TA9$ !IR MOM5TUM8 ,?AT W\LD BE ANO!R /ORY4 ,ITS CONCLUSION IS UNKN[N4 

,PUTT+ UP A ,FI<T 

  

,REPRESSION WILL EXI/ AS LONG AS !RE >E /ATES & PEOPLE :O OPPOSE !M4 ,COMPLETE 9VULN]ABILITY IS IMPOSSIBLE1 = GOV]NM5TS AS WELL AS !IR OPPON5TS4 ,ALL ! 9FILTRATORS & 9=MANTS ( ! ,CZ>I/ SECRET POLICE W]E P[]LESS TO PREV5T ! ,RUSSIAN REVOLUTION ( #a#i#a#g1 JU/ AS ! ,EA/ ,G]MAN ,/ASI W]E UNABLE TO PREV5T ! FALL ( ! ,B]L9 ,WALL EV5 ?\< !Y HAD FILES ON SIX MILLION PEOPLE4 ,REVOLUTION>Y /RUGGLES CAN SUCCE$ EV5 9 ! FACE ( MASSIVE REPRESSION2 = \R P>T1 WE CAN M9IMIZE ! EFFECTS ( ?AT REPRESSION BY PREP>+ 9 ADVANCE4 

,= MANY YE>S N[ AN>*I/S HAVE FOCUS$ ON DEVELOP+ SECURITY CULTURE1 BUT SECURITY CONSCI\SNESS ALONE IS NOT 5\<4 ,!RE >E SOME PO9TS ONE CAN NEV] EMPHASIZE TOO MU*--DON'T GOSSIP AB\T S5SITIVE MATT]S1 %>E DELICATE 9=MATION ON A NE$-TO-KN[ BASIS1.<#d.> DON'T SURR5D] Y\R RI<TS IF DETA9$ OR >RE/$1 DON'T COOP]ATE ) GR& JURIES1 DON'T SELL O!R PEOPLE \T4 ,BUT ONE CAN ABIDE BY ALL !SE DICTUMS & /ILL MAKE CRUCIAL MI/AKES4 ,IF ANTI-REPRESSION /RATEGIES C5T] ONLY ON :AT WE %\LD NOT TALK AB\T1 WE LOSE SI<T ( ! NECESSITY ( CLE> COMMUNICATION = COMMUNITIES 9 /RUGGLE4 

,/ATE DISRUPTION ( RADICAL MOVEM5TS CAN BE 9T]PRET$ AS A K9D ( 0>M$ CRITIQUE10 9 ! WAY ?AT SOMEONE ?R[+ A BRICK ?R\< A ,/>BUCKS W9D[ IS A CRITIQUE 9 ACTION4 ,?AT IS TO SAY1 A SUCCESSFUL USE ( =CE AGA9/ US DEMON/RATES ?AT WE HAD PREEXI/+ VULN]ABILITIES4 ,?IS IS NOT TO >GUE ?AT WE %\LD BLAME ! VICTIM 9 SITUATIONS ( REPRESSION1 BUT WE NE$ TO LE>N H[ & :Y EF=TS TO DE/ABILIZE \R ACTIVITIES SUCCE$4 ,\R RESPONSE %\LD NOT />T ) JAIL SUPPORT ONCE SOMEONE HAS BE5 >RE/$4 ,( C\RSE ?IS IS IMPORTANT1 ALONG ) LONG]-T]M SUPPORT ( ?OSE S]V+ S5T5CES--BUT \R EF=TS MU/ BEG9 LONG BE=E1 C\NT]+ ! SMALL VULN]ABILITIES ?AT \R 5EMY CAN EXPLOIT4 ,OP5 DISCUSSION ( PROBLEMS--= EXAMPLE1 G5D] ROLES BE+ IMPOS$ 9 NOM9ALLY RADICAL SPACES--CAN PROTECT AGA9/ UNHEAL?Y RES5TM5TS & S*ISMS4 ,?IS IS NOT TO SAY ?AT EV]Y SPLIT IS UNW>RANT$--SOMETIMES ! BE/ ?+ IS = PEOPLE TO GO !IR SEP>ATE WAYS2 BUT ?AT EV5 IF ?AT IS NECESS>Y1 !Y %\LD TRY TO MA9TA9 MUTUAL RESPECT OR AT LEA/ A WILL+NESS TO COMMUNICATE :5 IT C\NTS4 

,RISK IS RELATIVE4 ,9 SOME CASES1 IT MAY 9DE$ BE A GOOD IDEA TO LAY L[2 9 O!R CASES1 MA9TA9+ PUBLIC VISIBILITY IS VIEW$ AS TOO RISKY1 :5 9 FACT NO?+ C\LD BE MORE DANG]\S ?AN )DRAW+ FROM ! PUBLIC EYE & LETT+ MOM5TUM DIE4 ,:5 WE ?9K AB\T RISK1 WE (T5 PICTURE SECURITY CAM]AS & PRISON CELLS1 BUT !RE >E MANY MORE 9SIDI\S ?REATS4 ,! ,OP]ATION ,BACKFIRE DEF5DANTS 5D$ UP ) MU* %ORT] S5T5CES ?AN EXPECT$2 AS IT TURN$ \T1 ! MO/ S]I\S RISK !Y FAC$ WAS NOT PRISON TIME1 AFT] ALL1 BUT RECANTATION & BETRAYAL--A RISK ?AT PROV$ ALL TOO REAL4 ,LIKEWISE1 WE CAN IMAG9E ,]IC ,MC,DAVID1 :O CURR5TLY AWAITS S5T5C+ ON CONSPIRACY *>GES1 IDLY DISCUSS+ ! RISK FACTOR ( A HYPO!TICAL ACTION ) HIS SUPPOS$ FRI5DS--:O TURN$ \T TO BE TWO POT5TIAL 9=MANTS & A F$]AL AG5T PROVOCATEUR4 ,UN=TUNATELY1 ! REALLY RISKY ?+ WAS HAV+ ?OSE DISCUSSIONS ) ?OSE PEOPLE 9 ! FIR/ PLACE4 

,PREP>+ = ! ,WOR/ 

  

,CONV5TIONAL ACTIVI/ WISDOM DICTATES ?AT ONE MU/ NOT MIX PUBLIC & CL&E/9E ACTIVITY1 BUT ,DANIEL ,MC,G[AN'S CASE SEEMS TO CONTRADICT ?IS4 ,MC,G[AN WAS NOT BR\<T TO TRIAL AS A RESULT ( 9VE/IGATIONS BAS$ ON HIS PUBLIC ORGANIZ+1 BUT RA!R BECAUSE HE HAD WORK$ ) ,JACOB ,F]GUSON1 :O TURN$ SNIT* UND] POLICE PRESSURE4 ,?\< ! GOV]NM5T WAS ESPECIALLY EAG] TO CONVICT HIM ON ACC\NT ( HIS EXT5SIVE PRISON] SUPPORT WORK & ORGANIZ+ AGA9/ ! ,REPUBLICAN ,NATIONAL ,CONV5TION1 ,MC,G[AN RECEIV$ TREM5D\S PUBLIC SUPPORT PRECISELY BECAUSE HE HAD BE5 SO VISIBLE4.<#e.> ,HAD HE SIMPLY HIDD5 9 OBSCURITY1 HE MI<T HAVE 5D$ UP 9 ! SAME SITUATION )\T ! SUPPORT ?AT 5ABL$ HIM TO WEA!R IT AS SUCCESSFULLY AS HE DID--& )\T MAK+ AS MANY IMPORTANT CONTRIBUTIONS TO ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T4 

,CONSID]+ H[ MANY YE>S IT TOOK ! ,F,B,I TO PUT TOGE!R ,OP]ATION ,BACKFIRE & ! PROM95T ROLE ( 9=MANTS 9 SO MANY ,GRE5 ,SC>E CASES1 IT SEEMS LIKE IT IS POSSIBLE TO GET AWAY ) A LOT1 PROVID$ Y\ >E C>EFUL & MAKE 9TELLIG5T DECISIONS AB\T :O TO TRU/4 ,MC,G[AN'S DIRECT ACTION RESUME1 AS IT APPE>S 9 ! GOV]NM5T >GUM5TS AT HIS S5T5C+1 READS LIKE SOME?+ \T ( AN ADV5TURE NOVEL4 ,ONE CAN'T HELP BUT ?9K--JU/ SEV5 YE>S1 = ALL ?AT6 

,! O!R SIDE ( ?IS CO9 IS ?AT1 DESPITE ALL !IR PRECAUTIONS1 ! ,GRE5 ,SC>E DEF5DANTS DID GET CAU<T4 ,NO MATT] H[ C>EFUL & 9TELLIG5T Y\ >E1 IT DOESN'T PAY TO C\NT ON NOT GETT+ CAU<T2 Y\ HAVE TO BE PREP>$ = ! WOR/4 ,?OSE :O >E CONSID]+ RISKY DIRECT ACTION %\LD />T FROM ! ASSUMPTION ?AT !Y WILL BE CAU<T & PROSECUT$2 BE=E DO+ ANY?+1 BE=E EV5 TALK+ AB\T IT1 !Y %\LD ASK !MSELVES :E!R !Y C\LD ACCEPT ! WOR/ POSSIBLE CONSEQU5CES4 ,AT ! SAME TIME1 AS ! GOV]NM5T MAY T>GET ANYONE AT ANY TIME REG>DLESS ( :AT !Y HAVE ACTUALLY DONE1 IT IS IMPORTANT = EV5 ! MO/ LAW-ABID+ ACTIVI/S--NOT TO M5TION !IR FRI5DS & RELATIVES--TO ?9K ?R\< H[ TO H&LE BE+ 9VE/IGAT$1 SUBPO5A$1 OR *>G$4 

,! ,GRE5 ,SC>E CASES %[ ?AT COOP]AT+ ) ! GOV]NM5T IS NEV] 9 A DEF5DANT'S BE/ 9T]E/4 ,ON AV]AGE1 ! NON-COOP]AT+ DEF5DANTS 9 ,OP]ATION ,BACKFIRE >E ACTUALLY S]V+ LESS TIME 9 PROPORTION TO !IR ORIG9AL ?REAT5$ S5T5CES ?AN ! 9=MANTS 

DESPITE ! GOV]NM5T 5GAG+ ! 5TIRE REPRESSIVE APP>ATUS ( ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES TO MAKE AN EXAMPLE ( !M4 ,EXILE & ,SADIE W]E ?REAT5$ ) OV] A ?\S& YE>S 9 PRISON APIECE1 & >E S]V+ LESS ?AN EI<T2 IF EV]Y >RE/EE UND]/OOD ! DIFF]5CE BETWE5 :AT ! /ATE ?REAT5S & :AT IT CAN ACTUALLY DO1 F> FEW] W\LD GIVE UP )\T A FI<T4 

,9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES LEGAL SY/EM1 A C\RT CASE IS ESS5TIALLY A GAME ( *ICK54 ,! /ATE />TS BY ?REAT5+ ! WOR/ P5ALTIES IT POSSIBLY CAN1 9 HOPE ( 9TIMIDAT+ ! DEF5DANT 9TO PLEAD+ GUILTY & 9=M+4 ,IT IS EASI] IF ! DEF5DANT PLEADS GUILTY IMM$IATELY2 ?IS SAVES ! /ATE IMM5SE QUANTITIES ( TIME & MONEY1 NOT TO M5TION ! POT5TIAL EMB>RASSM5T ( LOS+ A WELL-PUBLICIZ$ TRIAL4 ,DEF5DANTS %\LD NOT BE 9TIMIDAT$ BY ! 9ITIAL *>GES BR\<T AGA9/ !M2 IT (T5 TURNS \T ?AT MANY ( !SE WILL NOT HOLD UP1 & >E ONLY BE+ PRESS$ TO GIVE ! /ATE MORE B>GA9+ P[]4 ,EV5 IF A DEF5DANT FE>S HE WON'T HAVE A LEG TO /& ON 9 C\RT1 HE CAN OBTA9 SOME B>GA9+ P[] ( HIS [N BY ?REAT5+ TO PUT ! /ATE ?R\< A CO/LY1 *ALL5G+1 & UNPR$ICTABLE TRIAL--TO ?AT 5D1 IT IS ESS5TIAL TO ACQUIRE ! BE/ POSSIBLE LEGAL REPRES5TATION4 ,:5 A DEF5DANT AGREES TO COOP]ATE1 HE LOSES ALL ?AT LEV]AGE1 ?R[+ HIMSELF AT ! M]CY ( =CES ?AT DON'T HAVE AN \NCE ( M]CY TO (F]4 

,AS GRIM AS ?+S LOOK$ = ,SADIE1 ,EXILE1 ,MC,G[AN1 & ,JONA?AN ,PAUL ?R\< MO/ ( #b#f1 !Y LOOK$ UP :5 ,MC,G[AN'S LAWY] DEM&$ 9=MATION AB\T :E!R PROSECUTORS HAD US$ ILLEGAL ,NATIONAL ,SECURITY ,AG5CY WIRETAPS TO GA!R EVID5CE AGA9/ ! DEF5DANTS4 ,! GOV]NM5T WAS LOA! TO ANSW] ?IS QUE/ION1 & = GOOD REASON3 !RE HAD JU/ BE5 A PUBLIC SC&AL AB\T ,N,S,A WIRETAPS1 & IF ! C\RT F\ND ?AT WIRETAPS HAD BE5 US$ UNCON/ITUTIONALLY1 ! 5TIRE ,OP]ATION ,BACKFIRE CASE W\LD HAVE BE5 ?R[N \T4 ,?AT'S EXACTLY :Y SO MANY MEMB]S ( ! ,WEA!R ,UND]GR\ND >E PR(ESSORS TODAY RA!R ?AN CONVICTS3 ! ,F,B,I BOT*$ ?AT CASE SO BADLY ! C\RTS HAD TO LET !M GO FREE4 

,NO MATT] H[ HOPELESS ?+S LOOK1 NEV] UND]E/IMATE ! P[] ( FI<T+ IT \T4 ,UNTIL ,/ANISLAS ,MEY]H(F & O!RS CAPITULAT$1 ! L9*P9 ( ! F$]AL CASE 9 ,OP]ATION ,BACKFIRE WAS ,JACOB ,F]GUSON1 A H]O9 ADDICT & S]IAL >SONI/4 ,HAD ALL BESIDES ,F]GUSON REFUS$ TO COOP]ATE & 9/EAD F\<T ! *>GES TOGE!R1 ,OP]ATION ,BACKFIRE W\LD SURELY HAVE 5D$ DIFF]5TLY4 

,ON ,9=MANTS 

  

,IF BECOM+ AN 9=MANT IS ALWAYS A BAD IDEA1 :Y DO SO MANY PEOPLE DO IT8 ,AT LEA/ ELEV5 HI< PR(ILE DEF5DANTS 9 ,GRE5 ,SC>E CASES HAVE *OS5 TO COOP]ATE ) ! GOV]NM5T AGA9/ !IR =M] COMRADES1 NOT 9CLUD+ ,PET] ,Y\NG'S P>TN]1 :O 9=M$ ON HIM BACK 9 #a#i#i#i4 ,!SE W]E ALL EXP]I5C$ ACTIVI/S :O PRESUMABLY HAD SP5T YE>S CONSID]+ H[ !Y W\LD H&LE ! PRESSURE ( 9T]ROGATION & TRIAL1 :O MU/ HAVE BE5 FAMILI> ) ALL ! REASONS IT DOESN'T PAY TO COOP]ATE ) ! /ATE6 ,:AT1 IF ANY?+1 CAN WE CONCLUDE FROM H[ MANY ( !M BECAME 9=MANTS8 

,!RE HAS BE5 QUITE A BIT ( OPPORTUNI/ SPECULATION ON ?IS SUBJECT BY PUNDITS ) LITTLE KN[L$GE ( ! CIRCUM/ANCES & EV5 LESS P]SONAL EXP]I5CE4 ,WE >E TO TAKE IT = GRANT$ ?AT >RE/EES BECAME 9=MANTS BECAUSE !Y W]E PRIVILEG$ MIDDLE CLASS KIDS2 9 FACT1 BO? ! COOP]AT+ & NON-COOP]AT+ DEF5DANTS >E SPLIT ALONG CLASS & G5D] L9ES4 ,WE >E TOLD ?AT DEF5DANTS SNIT*$ BECAUSE !Y HADN'T BE5 FI<T+ = !IR [N 9T]E/S2 :AT EXACTLY >E ONE'S 0[N 9T]E/S10 IF NOT TO LIVE 9 A WORLD )\T SLAU<T]H\SES & GLOBAL W>M+8 ,*EAP] HAMBURG]S & AIR CONDITION+1 P]HAPS8 ,IT HAS EV5 BE5 SUGGE/$ ?AT IT'S 9EVITABLE SOME WILL TURN 9=MANT UND] PRESSURE1 SO WE MU/ NOT BLAME ?OSE :O DO1 & 9/EAD %\LD AVOID US+ TACTICS ?AT PROVOKE 9VE/IGATIONS & 9T]ROGATIONS4 ,?IS LA/ ASP]SION IS NOT WOR? DIGNIFY+ ) A RESPONSE1 EXCEPT TO PO9T \T ?AT NO CRIME NE$ BE COMMITT$ = ! GOV]NM5T TO 9ITIATE 9VE/IGATIONS & 9T]ROGATIONS4 ,:E!R OR NOT Y\ SUPPORT DIRECT ACTION ( ANY K9D1 IT IS NEV] ACCEPTABLE TO EQUIP ! /ATE TO DO H>M TO O!R HUMAN BE+S4 

,EXP]I5C$ RADICALS :O HAVE BE5 SNIT*$ ON !MSELVES WILL TELL Y\ ?AT !RE IS NO SUREFIRE =MULA = DET]M9+ :O WILL TURN 9=MANT & :O WON'T4 ,!RE HAVE BE5 9=MANTS 9 ALMO/ EV]Y RESI/ANCE MOVEM5T 9 LIV+ MEMORY1 9CLUD+ ! ,BLACK ,PAN!R ,P>TY1 ! ,BLACK ,LIB]ATION ,>MY1 ! ,AM]ICAN ,9DIAN ,MOVEM5T1 & ! ,PU]TO ,RICAN 9DEP5D5CE MOVEM5T2 ! ,GRE5 ,SC>E CASES >E NOT P>TICUL>LY UNUSUAL 9 ?IS REG>D1 ?\< SOME ( ! DEF5DANTS SEEM TO HAVE CAV$ 9 MORE SWIFTLY ?AN !IR ANTEC$5TS4 ,IT MAY BE ?AT ! HULLABALOO AB\T H[ MANY ECO-ACTIVI/S HAVE TURN$ 9=MANT IS P>TLY DUE TO COMM5TATORS' IGNORANCE ( PA/ /RUGGLES4 

,IF ANY?+ DISC\RAGES PEOPLE FROM 9=M+ ON EA* O!R1 IT IS BLOOD TIES4 ,HI/ORICALLY1 ! MOVEM5TS ) ! LEA/ SNIT*+ HAVE BE5 ! ONES MO/ FIRMLY GR\ND$ 9 LONG/&+ COMMUNITIES4 ,>RE/EES 9 ! NATIONAL LIB]ATION MOVEM5TS ( YE/]YE> DIDN'T COOP]ATE BECAUSE !Y W\LDN'T BE ABLE TO FACE !IR P>5TS OR *ILDR5 AGA9 IF !Y DID2 LIKEWISE1 :5 GANG/]S 9VOLV$ 9 ILLEGAL CAPITALI/ ACTIVITY REFUSE TO 9=M1 IT IS BECAUSE DO+ SO W\LD AFFECT ! 5TIRETY ( !IR LIVES1 FROM !IR PROSPECTS 9 !IR *OS5 C>E]S TO !IR SOCIAL /&+ 9 PRISON AS WELL AS !IR NEI<BORHOODS4 ,! /RONG] ! TIES ?AT B9D AN 9DIVIDUAL TO A COMMUNITY1 ! LESS LIKELY IT IS HE OR %E WILL 9=M AGA9/ IT4 ,NOR? ,AM]ICAN RADICALS FROM PR$OM9ANTLY :ITE DEMOGRAPHICS HAVE ALWAYS FAC$ A DIFFICULT *ALL5GE 9 ?IS REG>D1 AS MO/ ( ! P>TICIPANTS >E 9VOLV$ 9 DEFIANCE ( !IR FAMILIES & SOCIAL CIRCLES RA!R ?AN BECAUSE ( !M4 ,:5 AN EX-ACTIVI/ IS FAC+ POT5TIALLY DECADES 9 PRISON = SOME?+ ?AT WAS ESS5TIALLY A HOBBY1 ) HIS P>5TS BEGG+ HIM NOT TO ?R[ HIS LIFE AWAY & ! SY/EM HE F\<T AGA9/ APP>5TLY DOM9AT+ ! 5TIRETY ( HIS PRES5T & FUTURE1 IT TAKES A P[]FUL S5SE ( RI<T & WRONG TO RESI/ SELL+ \T4 

,9 ?IS LI<T1 IT ISN'T SURPRIS+ ?AT ! ONE COMMON ?READ ?AT L9KS ! NON-COOP]AT+ DEF5DANTS IS ?AT PRACTICALLY ALL ( !M W]E /ILL 9VOLV$ 9 EI!R AN>*I/ OR AT LEA/ C\NT]CULTURAL COMMUNITIES4 ,DANIEL ,MC,G[AN WAS CEASELESSLY ACTIVE 9 MANY K9DS ( ORGANIZ+ RI<T UP TO HIS >RE/2 ,EXILE & ,SADIE W]E /ILL COMMITT$ TO LIFE AGA9/ ! GRA91 IF NOT POLITICAL ACTIVITY--A WITNESS :O ATT5D$ !IR S5T5C+ DESCRIB$ !IR SUPPORT]S AS AN O!RWORLDLY TROOP ( BLACK METAL FANS ) BRAID$ BE>DS & FACIAL PI]C+S4 ,H]E WE SEE AGA9 ! NECESSITY ( =G+ P[]FUL1 LONG-T]M COMMUNITIES ) A %>$ CULTURE ( RESI/ANCE2 DROP\TS MU/ DO ?IS FROM SCRAT*1 SWIMM+ AGA9/ ! TIDE1 BUT IT IS NOT IMPOSSIBLE4 

,HEAL?Y RELATION%IPS >E ! BACKBONE ( SU* COMMUNITIES1 NOT TO M5TION SECURE DIRECT ACTION ORGANIZ+4 ,AGA9--UNADDRESS$ CONFLICTS & RES5TM5TS1 UNBALANC$ P[] DYNAMICS1 & LACK ( TRU/ HAVE BE5 ! ,A*ILLES HEEL ( C\NTLESS GR\PS4 ,! ,F,B,I KEEPS PSY*OLOGICAL PR(ILES ON ITS T>GETS1 ) :I* TO PREY ON !IR WEAKNESSES & EXPLOIT POT5TIAL 9T]P]SONAL FISSURES4 ,! OLDE/ TRICK 9 ! BOOK IS TO TELL >RE/EES ?AT !IR COMRADES ALREADY SNIT*$ ON !M2 TO WEA!R ?IS 9TIMIDATION1 PEOPLE MU/ HAVE NO D\BTS AB\T !IR COMRADES' RELIABILITY4 

0,SNIT*ES GET /IT*ES0 PO/]S NOT)/&+1 AN>*I/S >5'T SITUAT$ TO 5=CE A NO-9=M+ CODE BY VIOL5T MEANS4 ,IT'S D\BTFUL ?AT WE C\LD DO SU* A ?+ )\T COMPROMIS+ \R PR9CIPLES1 ANYWAY--:5 IT COMES TO CO]CION & FE>1 ! /ATE CAN ALWAYS \TDO US1 & WE %\LDN'T ASPIRE TO COMPETE ) IT4 ,9/EAD1 WE %\LD FOCUS ON DEMY/IFY+ SNIT*+ & BUILD+ UP ! COLLECTIVE TRU/ & P[] ?AT DISC\RAGE IT4 ,IF BE+ A P>T ( ! AN>*I/ COMMUNITY IS REW>D+ 5\<1 NO ONE WILL WI% TO EXILE !MSELVES FROM IT BY TURN+ 9=MANT4 ,= ?IS TO WORK1 ( C\RSE1 ?OSE :O DO 9=M ON O!RS MU/ BE EXCLUD$ FROM \R COMMUNITIES ) ABSOLUTE F9ALITY2 9 BETRAY+ O!RS = P]SONAL ADVANTAGE1 !Y JO9 ! RANKS ( ! POLICE (FIC]S1 PRISON GU>DS1 & EXECUTION]S !Y ASSI/4 

,?OSE :O MAY P>TICIPATE 9 DIRECT ACTION TOGE!R %\LD FIR/ TAKE TIME TO GET TO KN[ EA* O!R WELL1 9CLUD+ EA* O!R'S FAMILIES & FRI5DS1 & TO TALK OV] !IR EXPECTATIONS1 NE$S1 & GOALS4 ,Y\ %\LD KN[ SOMEONE LONG 5\< TO KN[ :AT Y\ LIKE LEA/ AB\T HIM OR H] BE=E COMMITT+ TO SECURE ACTIVITY TOGE!R2 Y\ HAVE TO BE C]TA9 Y\'LL BE ABLE TO WORK ?R\< ! MO/ DIFFICULT CONFLICTS & TRU/ !M 9 ! MO/ FRI<T5+ SITUATIONS UP TO A FULL DECADE LAT]4 

,JUDG+ FROM ! LESSONS ( ! #a#i#gS1 DRUG ADDICTION IS ANO!R FACTOR ?AT T5DS TO CORRELATE ) SNIT*+1 AS IT CAN BE L9K$ TO DEEP-ROOT$ P]SONAL PROBLEMS4 ,9DE$1 ,JACOB ,F]GUSON1 ! FIR/ 9=MANT 9 ,OP]ATION ,BACKFIRE1 WAS A LONGTIME H]O9 ADDICT4 ,JU/ AS ! ,OP]ATION ,BACKFIRE CASES W\LD HAVE BE5 A GREAT DEAL MORE DIFFICULT = ! GOV]NM5T IF NO ONE BESIDES ,JAKE HAD COOP]AT$1 ! ,F,B,I MI<T NEV] HAVE BE5 ABLE TO 9ITIATE ! CASES AT ALL IF O!RS HAD NOT TRU/$ ,JAKE 9 ! FIR/ PLACE4 

,PROMPT PRISON] SUPPORT IS AS IMPORTANT AS PUBLIC SUPPORT = ?OSE FAC+ GR& JURIES4 ,AS ONE ,GRE5 ,SC>E DEF5DANT HAS PO9T$ \T1 DEF5DANTS (T5 TURN 9=MANT SOON AFT] >RE/ :5 !Y >E (F BALANCE & UNC]TA9 :AT LIES AHEAD4 ,JAIL IS NOTORI\S = BE+ A H>%] 5VIRONM5T ?AN PRISON2 REC5T >RE/EES MAY BE ASK+ !MSELVES :E!R !Y CAN H&LE YE>S ( 9C>C]ATION )\T A REALI/IC S5SE ( :AT ?AT W\LD 5TAIL4 ,SUPPORT]S %\LD BAIL DEF5DANTS \T ( JAIL AS QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE1 SO !Y CAN BE 9=M$ & LEVEL-HEAD$ AS !Y MAKE DECISIONS AB\T !IR DEF5SE /RATEGY4 ,TO ?IS 5D1 IT IS IDEAL IF FUNDS >E E>M>K$ = LEGAL SUPPORT LONG BE=E ANY >RE/S OCCUR4 

,IT CANNOT BE EMPHASIZ$ 5\< ?AT 9=M+ IS ALWAYS A S]I\S MATT]1 :E!R IT IS A QUE/ION ( A HI< PR(ILE DEF5DANT SNIT*+ ON HIS COMRADES OR AN ACQUA9TANCE ( LAW-ABID+ ACTIVI/S ANSW]+ SEEM+LY H>MLESS QUE/IONS4 ,! PRIM>Y GOAL ( ! GOV]NM5T 9 ANY POLITICAL CASE IS NOT TO PUT ANY ONE DEF5DANT 9 PRISON BUT TO OBTA9 9=MATION ) :I* TO MAP RADICAL COMMUNITIES1 ) ! ULTIMATE GOAL ( REPRESS+ & CONTROLL+ ?OSE COMMUNITIES4 ,! FIR/ DEAL ! GOV]NM5T (F]$ ,PET] ,Y\NG WAS = HIM TO RETURN TO ANIMAL RI<TS CIRCLES TO REPORT TO !M FROM )93 NOT JU/ ON ILLEGAL ACTIVITY1 BUT ON ALL ACTIVITY4 ,! MO/ M9OR PIECE ( TRIVIA MAY S]VE TO JEOP>DIZE A P]SON'S LIFE1 :E!R OR NOT !Y HAVE EV] BROK5 ANY LAW4 ,IT IS NEV] ACCEPTABLE TO GIVE 9=MATION AB\T ANY O!R P]SON )\T HIS OR H] EXPRESS CONS5T4 

,REGA9+ ! ,9ITIATIVE 

  

,WE MU/ NOT CONCEPTUALIZE \R RESPONSE TO GOV]NM5T REPRESSION 9 PURELY REACTIVE T]MS4 ,IT TAKES A LOT ( RES\RCES = ! GOV]NM5T TO M\NT A MASSIVE OP]ATION LIKE ! ,GRE5 ,SC>E CASES1 & 9 DO+ SO !Y CREATE UN=ESE5 SITUATIONS & OP5 UP NEW VULN]ABILITIES4 ,LIKE 9 ,JUDO1 :5 ! /ATE MAKES A MOVE1 WE CAN /RIKE BACK ) A C\NT]MOVE ?AT CAT*ES !M (F BALANCE4 ,TO TAKE AN EXAMPLE FROM MASS MOBILIZATIONS1 ! P[]S ?AT BE W]E EV5TUALLY ABLE TO CRIPPLE ! SO-CALL$ ANTI-GLOBALIZATION MOVEM5T BY ?R[+ TREM5D\S NUMB]S ( POLICE AT IT2 BUT 9 ! WAKE ( LAWSUITS SUBSEQU5TLY BR\<T AGA9/ !M1 ! POLICE 9 PLACES LIKE ,WA%+TON1 ,D4,C4 N[ HAVE !IR H&S TI$ :5 IT COMES TO CR[D CONTROL1 AS DEMON/RAT$ BY !IR EXTREME RE/RA9T AT ! ,I,M,F_/,WORLD ,BANK PROTE/S 9 ,OCTOB] #b#g4 ,WE'RE 9 A LONG W> ) HI]>*ICAL P[] ?AT CANNOT BE WON OR LO/ 9 ANY S+LE 5GAGEM5T2 ! QUE/ION IS ALWAYS H[ TO MAKE ! BE/ ( EA* DEVELOPM5T1 SEIZ+ ! 9ITIATIVE :5EV] WE CAN & PASS+ :ATEV] GA9S WE MAKE ON TO ?OSE :O WILL FI<T AFT] US4 

,!RE MU/ BE A WAY TO TURN ! LEGACY ( ! ,GRE5 ,SC>E TO \R ADVANTAGE4 ,ONE />T+ PLACE IS TO USE IT AS AN OPPORTUNITY TO LE>N H[ ! /ATE 9VE/IGATES UND]GR\ND ACTIVITY & MAKE SURE ?OSE LESSONS >E %>$ ) ! NEXT G5]ATION4 ,ANO!R IS TO F9D COMMON CAUSE ) O!R T>GET$ COMMUNITIES2 A PROMIS+ EXAMPLE ( ?IS IS ! REC5T CONNECTION BETWE5 ANIMAL LIB]ATION ACTIVI/S 9 ! ,BAY ,>EA & SUPPORT]S ( ! ,SAN ,FRANCISCO ,EI<T1 EX-,BLACK ,PAN!RS :O >E N[ BE+ *>G$ ) ! #aiga MURD] ( A POLICE (FIC]4 

,PO/SCRIPT3 ,C[>DS444 

  

,9 REFLECT+ ON ,JUDGE ,AIK5'S S5T5C+1 LET US PUT ASIDE1 = ! TIME BE+1 ! QUE/ION ( :E!R EXECUTIVES :O PR(IT FROM LOGG+1 ANIMAL EXPLOITATION1 & G5ETIC 5G9E]+ >E 0DO+ :AT !Y NE$ TO DO TO SURVIVE40 ,LET'S ALL[ TO PASS1 AS WELL1 ! SUGGE/ION ?AT ?OSE :O RUN !SE 9DU/RIES >E MORE LIKELY TO 5T] 9TO A 0REAL DIALOGUE0 ) 5VIRONM5TALI/S IF ! LATT] LIMIT !MSELVES TO PURELY LEGAL ACTIVITY4 ,LET'S EV5 RES]VE JUDGM5T ON ,AIK5'S ATTEMPT TO DRAW P>ALLELS BETWE5 DOME/IC VIOL5CE & S>CA/ICALLY WORD$ COMMUNIQUES--:I* P>ALLELS ! PROSECUTORS' ASS]TION ?AT ! ,E,L,F1 DESPITE HAV+ NEV] 9JUR$ A S+LE HUMAN BE+1 IS NO DIFF]5T FROM ! ,KU ,KLUX ,KLAN4 

,!RE IS BUT ONE QUE/ION WE CANNOT HELP BUT ASK1 9 REF]5CE TO ,JUDGE ,AIK5'S RHETORIC AB\T C[>DICE3 IF %E F\ND H]SELF 9 A SITUATION ?AT CALL$ = ACTION TO BE TAK5 \TSIDE ! E/ABLI%$ *ANNELS ( ! LEGAL SY/EM1 W\LD %E BE CAPABLE ( IT8 ,OR W\LD %E /ILL 9SI/ ON DUE PROCESS ( LAW1 URG+ O!RS TO BE PATI5T AS HUMAN BE+S W]E SOLD 9TO SLAV]Y OR ! ,NAZIS C>T$ PEOPLE (F TO ,DA*AU8 ,IS IT FAIR = A P]SON :OSE COMPLICITY 9 ! /ATUS QUO IS REW>D$ ) F9ANCIAL /ABILITY & SOCIAL /ATUS TO ACCUSE SOMEONE :O HAS RISK$ EV]Y?+ TO ABIDE BY HIS CONSCI5CE444 ( C[>DICE8 ,P]HAPS ,AIK5 W\LD ALSO FEEL 5TITL$ TO 9=M ,JOHN ,BR[N ?AT HE WAS A C[>D1 OR ! ,G]MANS :O ATTEMPT$ TO ASSASS9ATE ,HITL]8 

,ONCE ?IS QUE/ION IS ASK$1 ANO!R QUE/ION 9EXORABLY FOLL[S3 :AT QUALIFIES AS A SITUATION ?AT CALLS = ACTION TO BE TAK5 \TSIDE ! E/ABLI%$ *ANNELS ( ! LEGAL SY/EM1 IF NOT ! CURR5T ECOLOGICAL CRISIS8 ,SPECIES >E GO+ EXT9CT ALL OV] ! PLANET1 CLIMATE *ANGE IS BEG9N+ TO WREAK S]I\S HAVOC ON HUMAN BE+S AS WELL1 & SCI5TI/S >E GIV+ US A V]Y %ORT W9D[ ( TIME TO TURN \R ACT >\ND--:ILE ! ,U,S GOV]NM5T & ITS CORPORATE PUPPETE]S REFUSE TO MAKE EV5 ! 9SUFFICI5T *ANGES CALL$ = BY LIB]ALS4 ,IF ! DY/OPIAN NI<TM>E ?OSE SCI5TI/S PR$ICT COMES TO PASS1 WILL ! REFUGEES ( ! FUTURE LOOK BACK AT ?IS 5C\NT] BETWE5 ,MC,G[AN & ,AIK5 & JUDGE ,MC,G[AN ! C[>D8 

,WE LIVE 9 A DEMOCRACY1 ,AIK5 & H] K9D 9SI/3 BYPASS+ ! E/ABLI%$ *ANNELS & BREAK+ ! LAW IS AK9 TO ATTACK+ FRE$OM1 COMMUNITY1 & DIALOGUE !MSELVES4 ,?AT'S ! SAME ?+ !Y SAID 9 #a#h#e#i4 

,?OSE :O CONSID] OBEY+ ! LAW MORE IMPORTANT ?AN ABID+ BY ONE'S CONSCI5CE ALWAYS TRY TO FRAME !MSELVES AS ! RESPONSIBLE ONES1 BUT ! ESS5CE ( ?AT ATTITUDE IS ! DESIRE TO EVADE RESPONSIBILITY4 ,SOCIETY1 AS REPRES5T$--H[EV] BADLY--BY ITS 5TR5*$ 9/ITUTIONS1 IS RESPONSIBLE = DECREE+ RI<T & WRONG2 ALL ONE MU/ DO IS BRA9LESSLY COMPLY1 >GU+ = A *ANGE :5 ! RESULTS >E NOT TO ONE'S TA/E BUT NEV] /EPP+ \T ( L9E4 ,?AT IS ! CRE$ ( C[>DS1 IF ANY?+ IS4 ,AT ! HE>+ TO DET]M9E :E!R ! DEF5DANTS %\LD BE S5T5C$ AS T]RORI/S1 ,AIK5 ACKN[L$G$ ) FRU/RATION ?AT %E HAD NO CONTROL OV] :AT ! ,BUREAU ( ,PRISONS W\LD DO ) !M REG>DLESS ( H] RECOMM5DATIONS--BUT WA%$ H] H&S ( ! MATT] & GAVE ,MC,G[AN & O!RS T]RORISM 5HANCEM5TS ANYWAY4 ,D\BTLESS1 ,AIK5 FEELS ?AT :ATEV] %ORTCOM+S ! SY/EM HAS >E NOT H] RESPONSIBILITY1 EV5 IF %E P>TICIPATES 9 =C+ !M ON O!RS4 ,%E'S JU/ DO+ H] JOB4 

,?AT'S ! ,NUREMB]G DEF5SE4 ,REG>DLESS ( :AT %E ?9KS ( ,MC,G[AN'S ACTIONS OR ! ,BUREAU ( ,PRISONS1 ,AIK5 IS P]SONALLY RESPONSIBLE = S5D+ HIM TO PRISON4 ,%E IS RESPONSIBLE = SEP>AT+ HIM FROM HIS WIFE1 = PREV5T+ HIM FROM CONT9U+ HIS WORK SUPPORT+ SURVIVORS ( DOME/IC VIOL5CE4 ,IF HE IS BEAT5 OR RAP$ :ILE 9 PRISON1 IT IS ! SAME AS IF ,AIK5 BEAT OR RAP$ HIM4 ,& NOT JU/ ,MC,G[AN1 OR ,PAUL1 OR ,SADIE OR ,EXILE1 BUT EV]Y S+LE P]SON ,AIK5 HAS EV] S5T TO PRISON4 

,BUT ,AIK5 & H] K9D >E RESPONSIBLE = A LOT MORE ?AN ?IS4 ,AS ! POL> ICECAPS MELT1 RA9=E/S >E R$UC$ TO PULP1 & CLIMATE *ANGE 9FLICTS MORE & MORE T]RIBLE CATA/ROPHES >\ND ! PLANET1 !Y >E RESPONSIBLE = /OPP+ ALL :O W\LD TAKE DIRECT ACTION TO AV]T !SE TRAG$IES4 ,!Y >E RESPONSIBLE1 9 %ORT1 = =C+ ! :OLESALE DE/RUCTION ( ! NATURAL 5VIRONM5T UPON EV]YONE ELSE ON E>?4 

,AIK5 MI<T C\NT] ?AT ! SO-CALL$ DEMOCRATIC SY/EM IS ! MO/ EFFECTIVE WAY TO GO AB\T HALT+ ?AT DE/RUCTION4 ,IT SURE HAS WORK$ SO F>1 HASN'T IT6 ,ON ! CONTR>Y1 IT SEEMS MORE LIKELY ?AT %E CANNOT BR+ H]SELF TO HONE/LY CONSID] :E!R !RE C\LD BE A HI<] GOOD ?AN ! MA9T5ANCE ( LAW & ORD]4 ,= PEOPLE LIKE H]1 OB$I5CE TO ! LAW IS MORE PRECI\S ?AN POL> ICECAPS1 RA9=E/S1 & CITIES LIKE ,NEW ,ORLEANS4 ,ANY PRICE IS WOR? PAY+ TO AVOID TAK+ RESPONSIBILITY = !IR P>T 9 DET]M9+ ! FATE ( ! PLANET4 ,TALK AB\T C[>DICE4 

444& ,H]OES 

  

,SO--IF ,MC,G[AN & ! O!R NON-COOP]AT+ ,GRE5 ,SC>E DEF5DANTS >E NOT C[>DS1 DOES ?AT MEAN !Y >E H]OES8 

,WE %\LD BE CAUTI\S NOT TO UN?9K+LY ADOPT ! 9V]SE ( ,AIK5'S JUDGM5T4 ,9 PRES5T+ ! CASE = ! GOV]NM5T1 ,PEIF] DESCRIB$ ! ,OP]ATION ,BACKFIRE DEF5DANTS' EXPLOITS AS 0ALMO/ LIKE ,MISSION ,IMPOSSIBLE40 ,IT S]VES ! P[]S ?AT BE TO PRES5T ! DEF5DANTS AS SUP]HUMAN--! MORE EXCEPTIONAL !IR DE$S SEEM TO BE1 ! FUR!R \T ( REA* SU* DE$S WILL FEEL TO EV]YONE ELSE4 

,SIMIL>LY1 LIONIZ+ 0H]OES0 CAN BE A WAY = ! RE/ ( US TO LET \RSELVES (F ! HOOK3 AS WE >E OBVI\SLY NOT H]OES ( !IR CALIB]1 WE NE$ NOT HOLD \RSELVES UP TO ! SAME /&>DS ( CONDUCT4 ,IT IS A DISS]VICE TO GLORIFY ,MC,G[AN1 ,EXILE1 ,SADIE1 ,PET] ,Y\NG1 & O!RS LIKE !M2 9 *OOS+ ANONYM\S ACTION1 !Y DID NOT SET \T TO BE CELEBRAT$1 BUT TO PRIVATELY DO :AT !Y ?\<T WAS NECESS>Y1 JU/ AS ALL ( US \<T TO4 ,!Y >E AS NORMAL AS ANY ( US--ANY NORMAL P]SON :O TAKES RESPONSIBILITY = HIS OR H] ACTIONS IS CAPABLE ( TREM5D\S ?+S4 

,?IS IS NOT TO SAY WE %\LD ALL BECOME >SONI/S4 ,!RE >E C\NTLESS PA?S AVAILABLE TO ?OSE :O W\LD TAKE RESPONSIBILITY = !MSELVES1 & EA* P]SON MU/ *OOSE ! ONE ?AT IS MO/ APPROPRIATE TO HIS OR H] SITUATION4 ,LET ! C\RAGE ( ! NON-COOP]AT+ ,GRE5 ,SC>E DEF5DANTS1 :O D>$ TO ACT ON !IR BELIEFS & REFUS$ TO BETRAY ?OSE CONVICTIONS EV5 :5 ?REAT5$ ) LIFE 9 PRISON1 S]VE AS REM9D]S ( JU/ H[ MU* NORMAL PEOPLE LIKE US CAN ACCOMPLI%4 

.<#a.> ,AFT] ?IS WRIT+1 IT CAME TO LI<T ?AT ,SADIE & ,EXILE HOLD BO? RACI/ & TRANSPHOBIC VIEWS4 ,! AN>*I/ COMMUNITY HAS P>T$ WAYS ) !M4 

.<#b.> ,9 !ORY1 ! TASK ( A GR& JURY IS TO EXAM9E ! VALIDITY ( AN ACCUSATION BE=E TRIAL4 ,9 PRACTICE1 GR& JURIES >E US$ TO =CE 9=MATION \T ( PEOPLE3 BY GRANT+ AN 9DIVIDUAL IMMUNITY REG>D+ A SPECIFIC CASE1 A GR& JURY CAN COMPEL HIM OR H] TO ANSW] QUE/IONS OR ELSE GO TO PRISON = CONTEMPT ( C\RT4 

.<#c.> ,! ,F,B,I'S ,C\NT]-,9TELLIG5CE ,PROGRAM 7,C,O,9,T,E,L,P,R,O7 EXI/$ (FICIALLY FROM #aief TO #aiga & PROBABLY CONT9UES TO ?IS DAY 9 SOME =M4 ,AIM+ TO 0EXPOSE1 DISRUPT1 MISDIRECT1 DISCR$IT1 OR O!RWISE NEUTRALIZE0 ! ACTIVITIES ( GR\PS LIKE ! ,BLACK ,PAN!R ,P>TY1 ! ,PROGRAM UTILIZ$ A WIDE V>IETY ( DIRTY TRICKS4 ,H\SES & (FICES W]E SE>*$ & DOCUM5TS /OL5 )\T ANY W>RANTS HAV+ BE5 ISSU$2 RUMORS W]E SPREAD 9 ORD] TO FO/] MI/RU/ & EV5 VIOL5CE BETWE5 DIFF]5T ORGANIZATIONS OR FACTIONS )9 !M2 GR\P MEMB]S W]E H>ASS$ ?R\< ! C\RTS OR EV5 :OLLY FRAM$ = CRIMES !Y DID NOT COMMIT2 9FILTRATORS & AG5T PROVOCATEURS W]E DI/RIBUT$ )9 T>GET CON/ITU5CIES2 NO ACT ( PSY*OLOGICAL W>F>E OR BLATANT VIOL5CE WAS RUL$ \T4 ,! PROGRAM WAS F9ALLY EXPOS$ :5 RADICALS BROKE 9TO AN ,F,B,I ,(FICE & SEIZ$ DOCUM5TS RELAT+ TO ! SECRET PROGRAM1 CIRCULAT+ !M TO V>I\S S\RCES UND] ! NAME ( ! 0,CITIZ5S' ,COMMISSION TO ,9VE/IGATE ! ,F,B,I40 

.<#d.> ,IT DOES APPE> ?AT ,OP]ATION ,BACKFIRE DEF5DANTS C\LD HAVE DONE BETT] AT LIMIT+ ! FL[ ( 9=MATION 9SIDE !IR CIRCLES4 ,RA!R ?AN ORGANIZ+ 9 CLOS$1 CONSI/5T CELLS1 ! DEF5DANTS SEEM TO HAVE WORK$ 9 MORE FLUID >RANGEM5TS1 ) 5\< CROSSOV] ?AT ONCE A FEW KEY P>TICIPANTS TURN$ 9=MANT ! GOV]NM5T HAD 9=MATION AB\T EV]YONE4 

.<#e.> ,?IS IS NOT TO SAY ?AT ALL VISIBILITY IS GOOD VISIBILITY4 ,M$IA ATT5TION WAS A SIGNIFICANT FACTOR 9 ! CONFLICTS ?AT WRACK$ ,EUG5E4 ,SU* VISIBILITY CAN DIVIDE COMMUNITIES FROM )9 BY CREAT+ ! APPE>ANCE ?AT SPOKESPEOPLE HAVE MORE P[] ?AN EV]YONE ELSE1 :I* PROVOKES JEAL\SY & /OKES EGO-DRIV5 CONFLICTS :E!R OR NOT :AT'S ON ! SCRE5 REFLECTS REALITY ON ! GR\ND4 ,?OSE :O FALL PREY TO BELIEV+ ! M$IA HYPE AB\T !MSELVES BECOME DEP5D5T UPON ?IS ATT5TION1 PURSU+ IT RA!R ?AN ! UNM$IAT$ CONNECTIONS & HEAL?Y RELATION%IPS ESS5TIAL = LONG-T]M REVOLUTION>Y /RUGGLE2 ! MO/ VALUABLE VISIBILITY IS AN*OR$ 9 5DUR+ COMMUNITIES1 NOT M$IA SPECTACLES4 ,!RE >E REASONABLE >GUM5TS = US+ ! M$IA AT TIMES1 BUT ONE MU/ BE AW>E ( ! DANG] ( BE+ US$ BY IT4 

7,S\RCE3 ,RETRIEV$ ON #h? ,NOVEMB] #bb FROM CRIME?9C4COM47 

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