,MAXIM ,GORKY 

#aid 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,PET] ,KROPOTK9 

,TAGS 3 KOROL5KO & T*EH(F1 S5SE ( LIFE1 MAXIM GORKY1 EV]YDAY LIFE1 NOR!RN CAUCASIA1 HUMAN FEEL+S1 RUSSIAN LIT]ATURE1 V>5KA OLESOVA1 GORKY'S TRAMPS1 AES!TIC CANONS4 

,TEXT 3 

  

,PHOTO BY ,B5 ,WEL%1 ,PUBLIC ,DOMA9 ,FEW WRIT]S HAVE E/ABLI%$ !IR REPUTATION SO RAPIDLY AS ,MAXIM ,GORKY4  ,HIS FIR/ SKET*ES 7#a#h#i#b-#i#e71 W]E PUBLI%$ 9 AN OBSCURE PROV9CIAL PAP] ( ! ,CAUCASUS1 & W]E TOTALLY UNKN[N TO ! LIT]>Y WORLD1 BUT :5 A %ORT TALE ( HIS APPE>$ 9 A WIDELY-READ REVIEW1 $IT$ BY ,KOROL5KO1 IT AT ONCE ATTRACT$ G5]AL ATT5TION4  ,! BEAUTY ( ITS =M1 ITS >TI/IC F9I%1 & ! NEW NOTE ( /R5G? & C\RAGE :I* RANG ?R\< IT1 BR\<T ! Y\NG WRIT] IMM$IATELY 9TO PROM95CE4  ,IT BECAME KN[N ?AT ,MAXIM ,GORKY WAS ! P5-NAME ( QUITE A Y\NG MAN1 ,A4 ,PYE%K(F1 :O WAS BORN 9 #ahfh 9 ,NIZHNI ,NOVGOROD1 A L>GE T[N ON ! ,VOLGA2 ?AT HIS FA!R WAS A M]*ANT1 OR AN >TISAN1 HIS MO!R A REM>KABLE PEASANT WOMAN1 :O DI$ SOON AFT] ! BIR? ( H] SON1 & ?AT ! BOY1 ORPHAN$ :5 ONLY N9E1 WAS BR\<T UP 9 A FAMILY ( HIS FA!R'S RELATIVES4  ,! *ILDHOOD ( ,GORKY MU/ HAVE BE5 ANY?+ BUT HAPPY1 = ONE DAY HE RAN AWAY & 5T]$ 9TO S]VICE ON A ,VOLGA ,RIV] /EAM]4  ,LAT] HE LIV$ & W&]$ ON FOOT ) ! TRAMPS 9 ,S\? ,RUSSIA1 & DUR+ !SE W&]+S HE WROTE A NUMB] ( %ORT /ORIES :I* W]E PUBLI%$ 9 A NEWSPAP] ( ,NOR!RN ,CAUCASIA4  ,! /ORIES PROV$ TO BE REM>KABLY F9E1 & :5 A COLLECTION ( ALL ?AT HE HAD HI!RTO WRITT5 WAS PUBLI%$ 9 #a#i1 9 F\R SMALL VOLUMES1 ! :OLE ( A L>GE $ITION WAS SOLD 9 A V]Y %ORT TIME1 & ! NAME ( ,GORKY TOOK ITS PLACE -- TO SPEAK ( LIV+ NOVELI/S ONLY -- BY ! SIDE ( ?OSE ( ,KOROL5KO & ,T*EH(F1 IMM$IATELY AFT] ! NAME ( ,LEO ,TOL/OY4  ,9 ,WE/]N ,EUROPE & ,AM]ICA HIS REPUTATION WAS MADE ) ! SAME RAPIDITY1 AS SOON AS A C\PLE ( HIS SKET*ES W]E TRANSLAT$ 9TO ,FR5* & ,G]MAN1 & RETRANSLAT$ 9TO ,5GLI%4  

,IT IS SUFFICI5T TO READ A FEW ( ,GORKY'S %ORT /ORIES1 = 9/ANCE1 0,MALVA10 OR 0,TEHELKA%10 OR 0,! ,EX-,M510 OR 0,TW5TY-SIX ,M5 & ,ONE ,GIRL10 TO REALIZE AT ONCE ! CAUSES ( HIS RAPIDLY-WON POPUL>ITY4  ,! M5 & WOM5 HE DESCRIBES >E NOT H]OES2 !Y >E ! MO/ ORD9>Y TRAMPS OR SLUM-DWELL]S2 & :AT HE WRITES >E NOT NOVELS 9 ! PROP] S5SE ( ! WORD1 M]ELY SKET*ES ( LIFE4  ,& YET1 9 ! LIT]ATURE ( ALL NATIONS1 9CLUD+ ! %ORT /ORIES ( ,GUY DE ,MAUPASSANT & ,BRET ,H>TE1 !RE >E FEW ?+S 9 :I* SU* A F9E ANALYSIS ( COMPLICAT$ & /RUGGL+ HUMAN FEEL+S IS GIV51 SU* 9T]E/+1 ORIG9AL1 & NEW *>ACT]S >E SO WELL DEPICT$1 & HUMAN PSY*OLOGY IS SO ADMIRABLY 9T]WOV5 ) A BACKGR\ND ( NATURE -- A CALM SEA1 M5AC+ WAVES1 OR 5DLESS1 SUN-BURNT PRAIRIES4  ,9 ! FIR/-NAM$ /ORY1 Y\ REALLY SEE ! PROMONTORY ?AT JUTS \T 9TO 0! LAU<+ WAT]S10 ?AT PROMONTORY UPON :I* ! FI%]MAN HAS PIT*$ HIS HUT2 & Y\ UND]/& :Y ,MALVA1 ! WOMAN :O LOVES HIM & COMES TO SEE HIM EV]Y ,SUNDAY1 LOVES ?AT SPOT AS MU* AS %E DOES ! FI%]MAN HIMSELF4  ,& !N1 AT EV]Y PAGE1 Y\ >E /RUCK BY ! QUITE UNEXPECT$ V>IETY ( F9E T\*ES ) :I* ! LOVE ( ?AT /RANGE & COMPLICAT$ NATURE1 ,MALVA1 IS DEPICT$1 OR BY ! UN=ESE5 ASPECTS UND] :I* BO? ! EX-PEASANT FI%]MAN & HIS PEASANT SON APPE> 9 ! %ORT SPACE ( A FEW DAYS4  ,! V>IETY ( /ROKES1 REF9$ & BRUTAL1 T5D] & T]RIBLY H>%1 ) :I* ,GORKY PICTURES HUMAN FEEL+S1 IS SU* ?AT 9 COMP>ISON ) HIS H]OES1 ! H]OES & H]O9ES ( \R BE/ NOVELI/S SEEM SO SIMPLE -- SO SIMPLIFI$1 LIKE A FL[] 9 ,EUROPEAN DECORATIVE >T 9 COMP>ISON ) A REAL FL[]4  

,GORKY IS A GREAT >TI/2 HE IS A POET2 BUT HE IS ALSO A *ILD ( ALL ?AT LONG S]IES ( FOLK-NOVELI/S :OM ,RUSSIA HAS HAD = ! LA/ HALF C5TURY1 & HE HAS UTILIZ$ !IR EXP]I5CE3 HE HAS F\ND AT LA/ ?AT HAPPY COMB9ATION ( REALISM ) IDEALISM1 = :I* ! ,RUSSIAN FOLK-NOVELI/S HAVE BE5 /RIV+ = SO MANY YE>S4  ,RYE%ETNIK(F & HIS S*OOL HAD TRI$ TO WRITE NOVELS ( AN ULTRA-REALI/IC *>ACT]1 )\T ANY TRACE ( IDEALIZATION4  ,!Y RE/RA9$ !MSELVES :5EV] !Y FELT 9CL9$ TO G5]ALIZE1 TO CREATE1 TO IDEALIZE4  ,!Y TRI$ TO WRITE M]E DI>IES1 9 :I* EV5TS1 GREAT & SMALL1 IMPORTANT & 9SIGNIFICANT1 W]E RELAT$ ) AN EQUAL EXACTITUDE1 )\T EV5 *ANG+ ! TONE ( ! N>RATIVE4  ,9 ?IS WAY1 BY D9T ( !IR TAL5T1 !Y W]E ABLE TO OBTA9 ! MO/ POIGNANT EFFECTS2 BUT1 LIKE ! HI/ORIAN :O VA9LY TRIES TO BE 0IMP>TIAL10 YET ALWAYS REMA9S A P>TY MAN1 !Y HAD NOT AVOID$ ! IDEALIZATION :I* !Y SO MU* DREAD$4  

,! /RATUM ( SOCIETY FROM :I* ,GORKY TOOK ! H]OES ( HIS FIR/ %ORT /ORIES -- & 9 %ORT /ORIES HE APPE>S AT HIS BE/ -- IS ?AT ( ! TRAMPS ( ,S\!RN ,RUSSIA3 M5 :O HAVE BROK5 ) REGUL> SOCIETY1 :O NEV] ACCEPT ! YOKE ( P]MAN5T WORK1 LABOR+ ONLY AS LONG AS !Y WANT TO1 AS 0CASUALS0 9 ! SEAPORTS ON ! ,BLACK ,SEA2 :O SLEEP 9 DOS%\SES OR 9 RAV9ES ON ! \TSKIRTS ( ! CITIES1 & TRAMP 9 ! SUMM] FROM ,ODESSA TO ! ,CRIMEA1 & FROM ! ,CRIMEA TO ! PRAIRIES ( ,NOR!RN ,CAUCASIA1 :]E !Y >E ALWAYS WELCOME AT H>VE/ TIME4  

,F> FROM HIS :9+ & COMPLA9+ AB\T ! H>D LOT ( HIS TRAMPS1 A REFRE%+ NOTE ( 5]GY & C\RAGE1 :I* IS QUITE UNIQUE 9 ,RUSSIAN LIT]ATURE S\NDS ?R\< ! /ORIES ( ,GORKY4  ,HIS TRAMPS >E MIS]ABLY POOR1 BUT !Y 0DON'T C>E40  ,!Y DR9K1 BUT !RE IS NO?+ AMONG !M NE>LY APPROA*+ ! D>K DRUNK5NESS ( DESPAIR :I* WE SEE 9 ,LEVIT(F4  ,EV5 ! MO/ 0D[N-TRODD50 ONE ( !M1 F> FROM MAK+ A VIRTUE ( HIS HELPLESSNESS1 AS ,DO/OYEVSKY'S H]OES ALWAYS DID1 -- DREAMS ( RE=M+ ! WORLD & MAK+ IT RI*4  ,HE DREAMS ( ! MOM5T :5 0WE1 ONCE '! POOR1' %ALL VANI%1 AFT] HAV+ 5RI*$ ! ,CROESUSES ) ! RI*NESS ( ! SPIRIT & ! P[] ( LIFE40  70,A ,MI/AKE10 ,I1 #a#g47  

,GORKY CANNOT /& :9+2 HE CANNOT BE> ?AT SELF-CA/IGATION 9 :I* O!R ,RUSSIAN WRIT]S SO MU* DELI<T1 :I* ,TURGU5EFF'S SUB-,HAMLETS US$ TO EXPRESS SO POETICALLY1 ( :I* ,DO/OYEVSKY HAS MADE A VIRTUE1 & ( :I* ,RUSSIA (F]S SU* AN 9F9ITE V>IETY ( EXAMPLES4  ,GORKY KN[S ! TYPE1 BUT HE HAS NO PITY = SU* M54  0,:AT'S ALL ?IS TALK AB\T CIRCUM/ANCES80 HE MAKES 0,OLD ,IZ]<IL0 SAY4   

0,EV]Y ONE MAKES HIS [N CIRCUM/ANCES6  ,I SEE ALL SORTS ( M5 -- BUT ! /RONG ONES -- :]E >E !Y8  ,!RE >E FEW] & FEW] NOBLE M560   

,9 0,V>5KA ,OLESOVA10 ,GORKY EXPRESSES ALL HIS CONTEMPT = ! AV]AGE 09TELLECTUAL0 ( \R [N DAYS4  ,HE 9TRODUCES TO US ! 9T]E/+ TYPE ( A GIRL1 FULL ( VITALITY2 A MO/ PRIMITIVE CREATURE1 ABSOLUTELY UNT\*$ BY ANY IDEALS ( LIB]TY & EQUALITY1 BUT SO FULL ( AN 9T5SE LIFE1 SO 9DEP5D5T1 SO MU* H]SELF1 ?AT ONE CANNOT BUT FEEL GREATLY 9T]E/$ 9 H]4  ,%E MEETS ) ONE ( ?OSE 09TELLECTUALS0 :O KN[ & ADMIRE HI<] IDEALS1 BUT >E WEAKL+S1 UTT]LY DEVOID ( ! N]VE ( LIFE4  ,( C\RSE1 ,V>5KA LAU<S AT ! V]Y IDEA ( SU* A MAN'S FALL+ 9 LOVE ) H]2 & !SE >E ! EXPRESSIONS 9 :I* ,GORKY MAKES H] DEF9E ! USUAL H]O ( ,RUSSIAN NOVELS3   

0,! ,RUSSIAN H]O IS ALWAYS SILLY & /UPID1 HE IS ALWAYS SICK ( SOME?+2 ALWAYS ?9K+ AB\T SOME?+ ?AT CANNOT BE UND]/OOD1 & IS HIMSELF SO MIS]ABLE1 SO MI-I-S]ABLE6  ,HE WILL ?9K1 ?9K1 !N TALK1 !N HE WILL GO & MAKE A DECL>ATION ( LOVE1 & AFT] ?AT HE ?9KS & ?9KS AGA91 TILL HE M>RIES4444  ,& :5 HE IS M>RI$1 HE TALKS ALL SORTS ( NONS5SE TO HIS WIFE1 & !N AB&ONS H]40  70,V>5KA ,OLESOVA10 ,I,I1 #b#h#a47   

,GORKY'S FAVORITE TYPE IS ! 0REBEL0 -- ! MAN 9 FULL REVOLT AGA9/ SOCIETY1 BUT AT ! SAME TIME A /RONG MAN1 A P[]2 & AS HE HAS F\ND AMONG ! TRAMPS ) :OM HE HAS LIV$1 AT LEA/ ! TYPE 9 EMBRYO1 IT IS FROM ?IS /RATUM ( SOCIETY ?AT HE TAKES HIS MO/ 9T]E/+ H]OES4   

,SOME ( ,GORKY'S TRAMPS >E1 ( C\RSE1 PHILOSOPH]S4  ,!Y ?9K AB\T HUMAN LIFE1 & HAVE HAD OPPORTUNITIES TO KN[ :AT IT IS4  ,HE REM>KS SOME:]E3   

0,EV]Y ONE :O HAS HAD A /RUGGLE TO SU/A9 9 HIS LIFE1 & HAS BE5 DEFEAT$ BY LIFE1 & N[ FEELS CRUELLY IMPRISON$ AMID ITS SQUALOR1 IS MORE ( A PHILOSOPH] ?AN ,S*OP5HAU] HIMSELF2 = AB/RACT ?\<T CAN NEV] BE CA/ 9TO SU* A CORRECT & VIVID PLA/IC =M AS ?AT 9 :I* IS EXPRESS$ ! ?\<T BORN DIRECTLY \T ( SUFF]+40 7#c#a47   

,LOVE ( NATURE IS1 ( C\RSE1 ANO!R *>ACT]I/IC FEATURE ( ! TRAMP1 --  0,KONOVAL(F LOV$ ,NATURE ) A DEEP1 9>TICULATE LOVE1 :I* WAS BETRAY$ ONLY BY A GLITT] 9 HIS EYES4  ,EV]Y TIME HE WAS 9 ! FIELDS1 OR ON ! RIV] BANK1 HE BECAME P]MEAT$ ) A SORT ( PEACE & LOVE :I* MADE HIM /ILL MORE LIKE TO A *ILD4  ,SOMETIMES HE W\LD SAY ) A DEEP SI<1 LOOK+ AT ! SKY1 ',GOOD6' & 9 ?IS EXCLAMATION !RE WAS MORE S5SE & FEEL+ ?AN 9 ! RHETORIC ( MANY POETS4444  ,LIKE ALL ! RE/1 POETRY LOSES ITS HOLY SIMPLICITY & SPONTANEITY1 :5 IT BECOMES A PR(ESSION40  7,I,I1 #c#c-#d47   

,H[EV]1 ,GORKY'S REBEL-TRAMP1 IS NOT A ,NIETZS*EITE :O IGNORES EV]Y?+ BEYOND HIS N>R[ EGOTISM1 OR IMAG9ES HIMSELF A 0SUP]-MAN0 ! 0DISEAS$ AMBITION0 ( 0AN 9TELLECTUAL0 IS REQUIR$ TO CREATE ! TRUE ,NIETZS*EITE TYPE4  ,9 ,GORKY'S TRAMPS1 AS 9 HIS WOM5 ( ! L[E/ CLASS1 !RE >E FLA%ES ( GREATNESS ( *>ACT]1 & A SIMPLICITY :I* IS 9COMPATIBLE ) ! SUP]MAN'S SELF-CONCEIT4  ,HE DOES NOT IDEALIZE !M SO AS TO MAKE ( !M REAL H]OES2 ?AT W\LD BE TOO UNTRUE TO LIFE3 ! TRAMP IS /ILL A DEFEAT$ BE+4  ,BUT HE %[S H[1 AMONG !SE M51 [+ TO AN 9N] CONSCI\SNESS ( /R5G?1 !RE >E MOM5TS ( GREATNESS1 EV5 ?\< ?AT 9N] =CE BE NOT /RONG 5\< TO MAKE \T ( ,ORL(F 79 0,! ,ORL(FS07 OR ,ILIYA 79 0,! ,?REE07 A REAL P[]1 A REAL H]O -- ! MAN :O FI<TS AGA9/ ?OSE MU* /RONG] ?AN HIMSELF4  ,HE SEEMS TO SAY3 ,:Y >E NOT Y\1 9TELLECTUALS1 AS TRULY 09DIVIDUAL10 AS FRANKLY REBELLI\S AGA9/ ! SOCIETY Y\ CRITICIZE1 & AS /RONG AS SOME ( !SE SUBM]G$ ONES >E8  

,9 HIS %ORT /ORIES1 ,GORKY IS GREAT2 BUT LIKE HIS TWO GREAT CONTEMPOR>IES1 ,KOROL5KO & ,T*EH(F1 :5EV] HE HAS TRI$ TO WRITE A LONG] NOVEL1 ) A FULL DEVELOPM5T ( *>ACT]S1 HE HAS NOT SUCCE$$4  ,TAK5 AS A :OLE1 0,?OMAS ,GORDEEFF10 NOT)/&+ SEV]AL BEAUTIFUL & DEEPLY IMPRESSIVE SC5ES1 IS WEAK] ?AN MO/ ( ,GORKY'S %ORT /ORIES2 & :ILE ! FIR/ PORTION ( 0,! ,?REE10 ! IDYLLIC LIFE ( ! ?REE Y\NG PEOPLE1 & ! TRAGICAL ISSUES =E%AD[$ 9 IT1 MAKE US EXPECT TO F9D 9 ?IS NOVEL ONE ( ! F9E/ PRODUCTIONS 9 ,RUSSIAN LIT]ATURE1 ITS 5D IS DISAPPO9T+4  ,! ,FR5* TRANSLATOR ( 0,! ,?REE0 HAS EV5 PREF]R$ TO T]M9ATE IT ABRUPTLY1 AT ! PO9T :]E ,ILIYA /&S ON ! GRAVE ( ! MAN :OM HE HAS KILL$1 RA!R ?AN TO GIVE ,GORKY'S 5D ( ! NOVEL4  

,OV] & OV] AGA9 ,GORKY RETURNS TO ! IDEA ( ! NECESSITY ( AN IDEAL 9 ! WORK ( ! NOVEL-WRIT]4  ,HE SAYS3   

0,! CAUSE ( ! PRES5T OP9ION 79 ,RUSSIAN SOCIETY7 IS ! NEGLECT ( IDEALISM4  ,?OSE :O HAVE EXIL$ FROM LIFE ALL ROMANTICISM HAVE /RIPP$ US SO AS TO LEAVE US QUITE NAK$3 ?IS IS :Y WE >E SO UN9T]E/+ TO ONE ANO!R1 & SO DISGU/$ ) ONE ANO!R40  70,A ,MI/AKE407   

,& 9 0,! ,READ]0 HE DEVELOPS HIS AES!TIC CANONS 9 FULL4  ,HE TELLS H[ ONE ( HIS E>LIE/ PRODUCTIONS1 ON ITS APPE>ANCE 9 PR9T1 IS READ ONE NI<T BE=E A CIRCLE ( FRI5DS4  ,HE RECEIVES MANY COMPLIM5TS = IT1 & AFT] LEAV+ ! H\SE1 IS TRAMP+ ALONG A DES]T$ /REET1 FEEL+ = ! FIR/ TIME 9 HIS EXI/5CE ! HAPP9ESS ( LIFE1 :5 A P]SON1 UNKN[N TO HIM1 & :OM HE HAD NOT NOTIC$ AMONG ?OSE PRES5T AT ! READ+1 OV]TAKES HIM & BEG9S TO TALK AB\T ! DUTIES ( ! AU?OR4  ,SAYS ! /RANG]3   

0,Y\ WILL AGREE ) ME ?AT ! DUTY ( LIT]ATURE IS TO AID MAN 9 UND]/&+ HIMSELF1 TO RAISE HIS FAI? 9 HIMSELF1 TO DEVELOP HIS LONG+ = TRU?2 TO COMBAT :AT IS BAD 9 M52 TO F9D :AT IS GOOD 9 !M1 & TO WAKE UP 9 !IR S\LS %AME1 ANG]1 C\RAGE -- TO DO EV]Y?+1 9 %ORT1 TO R5D] M5 /RONG 9 A NOBLE S5SE ( ! WORD1 & CAPABLE ( 9SPIR+ !IR LIVES ) ! HOLY SPIRIT ( BEAUTY4  ,IT SEEMS TO ME1 WE NE$ ONCE MORE TO HAVE DREAMS1 PRETTY CREATIONS ( \R FANCY & VISIONS1 BECAUSE ! LIFE WE HAVE BUILT UP IS POOR 9 COLOR1 IS DIM & DULL4444  ,WELL1 LET US TRY -- P]HAPS IMAG9ATION WILL HELP A MAN TO RISE ABOVE ! E>? & F9D HIS TRUE PLACE ON IT1 :I* HE HAS LO/40  

0,CAN Y\10 ! 0,READ]0 GOES ON TO ASK1 0CREATE = M5 EV] SO SMALL AN ILLUSION ?AT HAS ! P[] TO RAISE !M8  ,NO60  0,ALL ( Y\ TEA*]S ( ! DAY TAKE MORE ?AN Y\ GIVE1 BECAUSE Y\ SPEAK ONLY AB\T FAULTS -- Y\ SEE ONLY ?OSE4  ,BUT !RE MU/ ALSO BE GOOD QUALITIES 9 M52 Y\ POSSESS SOME1 DON'T Y\8444  ,DON'T Y\ NOTICE ?AT1 [+ TO Y\R CONT9UAL EF=TS TO DEF9E & TO CLASSIFY !M1 ! VIRTUES & ! VICES HAVE BE5 5TANGL$ LIKE TWO BALLS ( BLACK & :ITE ?READ :I* HAVE BECOME GRAY BY TAK+ COLOR FROM EA* O!R80444  0,I D\BT :E!R ,GOD HAS S5T Y\ ON E>?4  ,IF HE HAD S5T MESS5G]S1 HE W\LD HAVE *OS5 /RONG] M5 ?AN Y\ >E4  ,HE W\LD HAVE LI<T$ 9 !M ! FIRE ( A PASSIONATE LOVE ( LIFE1 ( TRU?1 ( M540  

0,NO?+ BUT EV]YDAY LIFE1 EV]YDAY LIFE1 ONLY EV]YDAY PEOPLE1 EV]YDAY ?\<TS & EV5TS4  ,:5 WILL Y\1 !N1 SPEAK ( '! REBEL SPIRIT1' ( ! NECESSITY ( A NEW BIR? ( ! SPIRIT8  ,:]E IS1 !N1 ! CALL+ TO ! CREATION ( A NEW LIFE8 ! LESSONS ( C\RAGE8 ! WORDS :I* GIVE W+S TO ! S\L8'0  

0,CONFESS Y\ DON'T KN[ H[ TO REPRES5T LIFE SO ?AT Y\R PICTURES ( IT %ALL PROVOKE 9 MAN A R$EMPTIVE SPIRIT ( %AME & A BURN+ DESIRE ( CREAT+ NEW =MS ( LIFE4444  ,CAN Y\ ACCEL]ATE ! PULSATION ( LIFE8  ,CAN Y\ 9SPIRE IT ) 5]GY1 AS O!RS HAVE DONE80  

0,I SEE MANY 9TELLIG5T M5 R\ND AB\T ME1 BUT FEW NOBLE ONES AMONG !M1 & !SE FEW >E BROK5 & SUFF]+ S\LS4  ,I DON'T KN[ :Y IT %\LD BE SO1 BUT SO IT IS2 ! BETT] ! MAN1 ! CLEAN] & ! MORE HONE/ HIS S\L1 ! LESS 5]GY HE HAS2 ! MORE HE SUFF]S & ! H>D] IS HIS LIFE4444  ,BUT AL?\< !Y SUFF] SO MU* FROM FEEL+ ! WANT ( SOME?+ BETT] !Y HAVE NOT ! =CE TO CREATE IT40  

0,ONE ?+ MORE4  ,CAN Y\ AWAKE 9 MAN A LAU<T] FULL ( ! JOY ( LIFE1 & AT ! SAME TIME ELEVAT+ TO ! S\L8  ,LOOK -- M5 HAVE QUITE =GOTT5 GOOD :OLESOME LAU<T]60  

0,! S5SE ( LIFE IS NOT 9 SELF-SATISFACTION AFT] ALL1 MAN IS BETT] ?AN ?AT4  ,! S5SE ( LIFE IS 9 ! BEAUTY & ! =CE ( /RIV+ T[>D SOME AIM2 EV]Y MOM5T ( BE+ \<T TO HAVE ITS HI<] AIM4  ,WRA?1 HATR$1 %AME1 LOA?+1 & F9ALLY A GRIM DESPAIR -- !SE >E ! LEV]S BY MEANS ( :I* Y\ MAY DE/ROY EV]Y?+ ON E>?4  ,:AT CAN Y\ DO TO AWAKE A ?IR/ = LIFE1 :5 Y\ ONLY :9E1 SI<1 MOAN OR COOLLY PO9T \T TO MAN ?AT HE IS NO?+ BUT DU/80  

0,OH1 = A MAN1 FIRM & LOV+1 ) A BURN+ HE>T & A P[]FUL ALL-EMBRAC+ M9D4  ,9 ! /UFFY ATMOSPH]E ( %AMEFUL SIL5CE1 HIS PROPHETIC WORDS W\LD RES\ND LIKE A TOCS91 & P]HAPS ! MEAN S\LS ( ! LIV+ DEAD W\LD %IV]60 7#b#e#c47   

,!SE IDEAS ( ,GORKY AB\T ! NECESSITY ( SOME?+ BETT] ?AN EV]YDAY LIFE -- SOME?+ :I* %ALL ELEVATE ! S\L1 FULLY EXPLA9 ALSO HIS LA/ DRAMA1 0,AT ! ,BOTTOM10 :I* HAS HAD SU* A SUCCESS AT ,MOSC[1 BUT PLAY$ BY ! V]Y SAME >TI/S AT ,/4 ,PET]SBURG1 MET ) BUT LITTLE 5?USIASM4  ,! IDEA IS ! SAME AS ?AT ( ,IBS5'S 0,WILD ,DUCK40  ,! 9HABITANTS ( A DOS%\SE1 ALL ( !M1 MA9TA9 !IR ABILITY TO LIVE ONLY AS LONG AS !Y *]I% SOME ILLUSION3 ! DRUNK>D ACTOR DREAMS ( RECOV]Y 9 SOME SPECIAL RETREAT2 A FALL5 GIRL TAKES REFUGE 9 H] ILLUSION ( REAL LOVE1 & SO ON4  ,& ! DRAMATIC SITUATION ( !SE BE+S ) ALREADY SO LITTLE TO RETA9 !M 9 LIFE1 IS ONLY ! MORE POIGNANT :5 ! ILLUSIONS >E DE/ROY$4  ,! DRAMA IS P[]FUL4  ,IT MU/ LOSE1 ?\<1 ON ! /AGE ON ACC\NT ( SOME TE*NICAL MI/AKES 7A USELESS F\R? ACT1 ! UNNECESS>Y P]SON ( A WOMAN 9TRODUC$ 9 ! FIR/ SC5E & !N DISAPPE>+72 BUT AP>T FROM !SE MI/AKES IT IS EM95TLY DRAMATIC4  ,! POSITIONS >E REALLY TRAGICAL1 ! ACTION IS RAPID1 & AS TO ! CONV]SATIONS ( ! 9HABITANTS ( ! DOS%\SE & !IR PHILOSOPHY ( LIFE1 BO? >E ABOVE ALL PRAISE4  ,ALTOGE!R ONE FEELS ?AT ,GORKY IS V]Y F> YET FROM HAV+ SAID HIS LA/ WORD4  ,! QUE/ION IS ONLY :E!R 9 ! CLASSES ( SOCIETY HE N[ FREQU5TS HE WILL BE ABLE TO DISCOV] ! FUR!R DEVELOPM5TS -- UND\BT$LY EXI/+ -- ( ! TYPES :I* HE UND]/&S BE/4  ,WILL HE F9D AMONG !M FUR!R MAT]IALS RESPOND+ TO ! AES!TIC CANONS :OSE FOLL[+ HAS HI!RTO BE5 ! S\RCE ( HIS P[]8 

,BROMLEY1 ,K5T1 ,5GL&4 

7,S\RCE3 ,! ,9DEP5D5T1 ,VOL4 #e#g1 ,NO4 #b#i#b#d1 ,DECEMB] #a#e1 #a#i#d47 

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,*RONOLOGY 3 
,DECEMB] #a#e1 #aid 3 ,MAXIM ,GORKY -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,JANU>Y #b#a1 #bag 3 ,MAXIM ,GORKY -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #f1 #bbb 3 ,MAXIM ,GORKY -- ,UPDAT$4 

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