,MAYDAY3 ,! ,CASE = ,CIVIL ,DISOB$I5CE 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,NOAM ,*OMSKY 

,TEXT 3 

,I 

,MAY ,DAY1 LIV+ UP TO ALL EXPECTATIONS1 GOT ! WOR/ REVIEWS ( ANY DEMON/RATION 9 HI/ORY4 ,IT WAS UNIV]SALLY PANN$ AS ! WOR/ PLANN$1 WOR/ EXECUT$1 MO/ SLOV5LY1 /RID5T & OBNOXI\S PEACE ACTION EV] COMMITT$4 

,SO WROTE ,M>Y ,MC,GRORY1 A P]CEPTIVE COLUMNI/ & LONG-TIME DOVE4.<#a.> ,BUT ,MAYDAY WAS NOT DESIGN$ TO W9 ACCOLADES 9 ! PRESS2 RA!R IT WAS DESIGN$ TO HELP 5D ! W>1 A DIFF]5T PURPOSE4 ,! DEMON/RATORS1 ,MISS ,MC,GRORY WROTE1 MANY ( :OM 0HAD %AV$ & SPRUC$ UP = ,EUG5E ,MC,C>?Y444HOPE ?AT ! PEOPLE WILL EV5TUALLY MAKE ! CONNECTION BETWE5 A BAD W> & A BAD DEMON/RATION & !Y ?9K !Y'VE PROVID$ AN ADDITIONAL REASON = GETT+ \T4 ,!Y'VE 9TRODUC$ ! ELEM5T ( BLACKMAIL 9TO ! SITUATION4 ,!Y KN[ EV]YONE WANT$ !M TO GO AWAY4 ,ALL !Y ASK IS ?AT PEOPLE REMEMB] IT WAS ! W> ?AT BR\<T !M H]E40 

,O!R COMM5T>Y 9 ! PRESS HAS CAPTUR$ ! MOOD & SIGNIFICANCE ( ! DEMON/RATIONS ) :AT SEEMS TO ME TO BE GREAT ACCURACY4 ,NI*OLAS VON ,H(FMAN WROTE 9 ! ,WA%+TON ,PO/ ?AT 0! PEOPLE :O KICK$ ,WA%+TON 9 ! PANTS0 >E 

444PEOPLE ) EXAMS TO TAKE1 JOBS TO GO TO1 ) FAMILIES TO LOVE1 ) ALL ! SAME DRIVES ?AT MAKE ! RE/ ( US CURSE POLITICS & ! GOV]NM5T4449 ?IS L& :]E WE HAVE TO BEG PEOPLE TO REGI/] TO VOTE1 #g P]SONS444HAD GONE \T & 9CURR$ >RE/ = SOME?+ !Y BELIEVE 94 ,9 ADDITION1 !Y'D TURN$ ?IS CAPITAL CITY 9TO A SIMULAT$ ,SAIGON ) ! *OPP]S FLY+ ALL OV]1 ! >M$ M5 EV]Y:]E1 & ! FE> ?AT AT ANY MOM5T SOME?+ WORSE1 SOME?+ BLOODY MI<T HAPP54.<#b.> 

,A FEW DAYS LAT]1 HE REPORT$ ! MIS]ABLE TREATM5T ( DEMON/RATORS 9 ! ,D,C JAILS3 

,?AT'S OKAY ) ! FREAKS1 TOO4 ,IF ?AT'S :AT IT CO/S TO GIVE PEACE A *ANCE1 !Y'LL PAY1 PAY BY PRES5T UNCOM=T & DANG]S & RISK+ FUTURE1 LIFE-LONG BLACK-BALL+4 ,!Y DO IT & ! TEPID & T>DY $ITORIALI/S1 :O REALIZ$ YE>S TOO LATE ! /UPIDITY ( ,VIETNAM1 *IDE !M4 ,!Y *IDE !M = POOR ORGANIZATION1 AS IF ! FUNKY RASCALS HAD TAXPAY]S' MONEY TO GO \T & GET IT TOGE!R LIKE ! ,M>9ES4 ,!Y *IDE !M = NAIVETE1 = NOT UND]/&+ POLITICS LIKE ,MUSKIE & ,FULBRI<T & ,MC,GOV]N & ! O!R P[]FUL M5 :O'VE BE5 SO EFFECTIVE 9 5D+ ! CONFLICT 9 A TIMELY FA%ION4 ,!Y *IDE !M BUT IF PEACE DOES EV] COME1 IT WILL BE ! SMELLY1 OBTUSE1 /RID5TLY NON-COMPREH5D+ FREAKS :O WILL HAVE WON IT = US4.<#c.> 

,AS A M9OR--&1 TO BE HONE/1 RELUCTANT--P>TICIPANT1 ,I ?9K ?AT !SE JUDGM5TS >E L>GELY CORRECT4 

,= MANY MON?S1 ! PRESS & POLITICAL COMM5TATORS HAVE BE5 ANALYZ+ 0! COOL+ ( ,AM]ICA0--& PR$ICT+ ! DECL9E ( ! ANTIW> MOVEM5T & ! RETURN ( /UD5T APA?Y4 ,) ! UNPREC$5T$ SCALE ( ! SPR+ ACTIONS AGA9/ ! W>1 !SE PR$ICTIONS GO ! WAY ( E>LI] ONES BY ,WE/MOREL&1 ,MC,NAM>A1 & ! MANY O!RS :O HAVE BE5 SEE+ ! LI<T AT ! 5D ( ! TUNNEL ?R\<\T ! CONSCI\S LIVES ( MO/ ( ! DEMON/RATORS4 

,! 0COOL+0 NEV] TOOK PLACE4 ,EV5 DUR+ ! W9T] MON?S1 PEACE ACTIVITIES CONT9U$1 SURPASS+ ?OSE ( E>LI] YE>S4 ,9 ,BO/ON1 A HA/ILY PLANN$ DEMON/RATION BR\<T HUNDR$S ( PEOPLE TO ! ,F$]AL ,BUILD+ 9 Z]O-DEGREE WEA!R = A PROTE/ & SPONTANE\S M>* ?R\< ! /REETS1 :5 ! FIR/ NEWS ( ! 9VASION ( ,LAOS BEGAN TO FILT] ?R\<4 ,A FEW DAYS LAT]1 SOME #d1 PEOPLE DEMON/RAT$ ON ! ,BO/ON ,COMMON1 ! L>GE/ W9T] DEMON/RATION AGA9/ ! W> EV] TO BE HELD 9 ?AT CITY4 

,PRESS COV]AGE WAS SLI<T4 ,:5 ,I DISCUSS$ ?IS ) LOCAL $ITORS1 :O W]E G5]ALLY SYMPA!TIC1 !Y EXPLA9$ ?AT !RE WAS NO CONSPIRACY TO IGNORE ! PEACE MOVEM5T1 BUT ?AT SU* DEMON/RATIONS W]E NO LONG] NEWS4 ,!Y HAD HAPP5$ BE=E1 ! SPEE*ES HAD BE5 HE>D BE=E4 ,?IS MAY HAVE BE5 A JU/IFI$ PR(ESSIONAL JUDGM5T1 BUT IT C\LD ALSO HAVE BE5 9T]PRET$ AS A SUBTLE CALL = VIOL5CE1 AN IMPLICIT *ALL5GE :I*1 =TUNATELY1 WAS NOT HE$$4 

,! LACK ( PRESS COV]AGE HELP$ TO CONVEY ! IMPRESSION ?AT ! ,LAOS 9VASION HAD LITTLE DOME/IC IMPACT4 ,TO ?OSE :O W]E NOT LOOK+ TOO CLOSELY1 IT MAY HAVE SEEM$ ?AT ! PEACE MOVEM5T REALLY DIDN'T C>E SO LONG AS ,AM]ICAN BOYS W]E T5 FEET (F ! GR\ND 9 HELICOPT] GUN%IPS OR #c1 FEET UP 9 ,B-#e#bS4 ,TO CITE ONE =EIGN REPORT1 ,CLAUDE ,MOISY WROTE ?AT 09 ,FEBRU>Y #a#i#g#a1 ! 9VASION ( ,S\!RN ,LAOS BY ,S\? ,VIETNAMESE TROOPS BR\<T ONLY A FEW HUNDR$ /UD5TS TO ! /REETS10 9DICAT+ ?AT ! ,NIXON-,KISS+] /RATEGY = PACIFY+ ! HOME FRONT WAS SUCCE$+.<#d.> --A WIDELY HELD VIEW PRIOR TO ! EV5TS ( ! SPR+4 

,! ,APRIL-,MAY EV5TS 9 ,WA%+TON BEGAN ) GU]RILLA !AT] BY ,VIETNAM VET]ANS :O TRI$ TO EXPRESS 9 A DRAMATIC WAY :AT !Y HAD DONE & SE5 9 ,S\? ,VIETNAM4 ,! ACTIONS 5D$1 TWO WEEKS LAT]1 ) ANO!R =M ( GU]RILLA !AT] AS ! POLICE1 BACK$ BY ?\S&S ( TROOPS1 TURN$ ,WA%+TON 9TO 0A SIMULAT$ ,SAIGON0 ) CL\DS ( TE> GAS & SCREAM+ SIR5S4 ,A HELICOPT] L&+ ( ,M>9ES WAS /AG$ AT ! ,WA%+TON ,MONUM5T1 APP>5TLY = ! B5EFIT ( ! PRESS4 ,EV5 ,ATTORNEY ,G5]AL ,MIT*ELL PLAY$ HIS ASSIGN$ ROLE1 CONS5T+ TO BE PHOTOGRAPH$ ON A BALCONY CALMLY SMOK+ HIS PIPE :ILE ! TROOPS P]=M$ BEL[4 

,9 ! DAYS BETWE5 ,APRIL #ai & ,MAY #c1 SEV]AL HUNDR$ ?\S& PEOPLE DEMON/RAT$ BE=E ! ,CAPITOL BUILD+1 VET]ANS TE/IFI$ AT (FICIAL & UN(FICIAL ,CONGRESSIONAL HE>+S1 & ?\S&S P>TICIPAT$ 9 LOBBY+ & PASSIVE CIVIL DISOB$I5CE AT GOV]NM5T (FICES4 ,! ,MAYDAY ACTIONS 9VOLV$ MORE ?AN #a#e1 PEOPLE1 MANY ( :OM SUBMITT$ TO REPEAT$ >RE/ & ATROCI\S TREATM5T4 ,ELSE:]E1 !RE W]E SUPPORT+ EV5TS4 ,! DEMON/RATIONS 9 ,SAN ,FRANCISCO W]E ! L>GE/ EV] HELD !RE4 

,A MASS DEMON/RATION 9 ,BO/ON WAS FOLL[$ BY A DAY-LONG ATTEMPT BY ?\S&S TO CLOSE ! ,F$]AL ,BUILD+4 ,A FEW DAYS LAT] !RE W]E DEMON/RATIONS 9 SUBURBAN COMMUNITIES NE> ,BO/ON1 9CLUD+ ! FIR/--BUT ,I EXPECT NOT ! LA/--AT AN AIR BASE1 9 PROTE/ AGA9/ ! AIR W> 9 ,9DO*9A1 & ANO!R1 ORGANIZ$ BY A LOCAL COLLECTIVE1 9 ! 9DU/RIAL T[N ( ,LYNN4 ,!RE WAS A DEMON/RATION AT ! ,M>9E ,TRA9+ ,C5T] AT ,P>RIS ,ISL&1 ,S\? ,C>OL9A1 ATT5D$ BY ACTIVE-DUTY ,M>9ES4 ,I LEFT ,WA%+TON = ,EL ,PASO1 ,TEXAS1 :]E ACTIVE-DUTY ,G,IS AT ,=T ,BLISS CONDUCT$ A W> CRIMES 9QUIRY4 ,FUR!R ACTIONS >E PLANN$ BY VET]ANS & O!R GR\PS 9 COM+ MON?S4 ,SO MU* = 0! COOL+ ( ,AM]ICA40 

,NIXON'S FAM\S 0PLAN0 = ,9DO*9A HAS SO F> CONTA9$ FEW SURPRISES4 ,AT ! TIME ( HIS 9AUGURAL1 REPORTS LEAK$ TO ! PRESS 9DICAT$ ?AT !RE W\LD BE A GRADUAL R$UCTION ( GR\ND TROOPS1 ) A CONT9UATION ( ! TE*NOLOGICAL W> & A MORE EFFICI5T USE ( NATIVE TROOPS--:AT ONE ,P5TAGON REPORT] CALLS ! ,U,S ,>MY'S 0,VIETNAMESE SURROGATE =CES40.<#e.> ,BY N[1 CLOSE TO HALF ! ORDNANCE US$ 9 ,9DO*9A HAS BE5 EXP5D$ DUR+ ! ,NIXON ,ADM9I/RATION4 ,BOMB+ REA*$ ITS PEAK 7OV] #a#c1 TONS7 9 ,M>*1 #a#i#f#i1 & 9 SPITE ( ! %>P DECL9E 9 GR\ND FI<T+ 7H5CE TACTICAL AIR SUPPORT7 9 ,S\? ,VIETNAM1 IT HAS REMA9$ V]Y HI<1 RIS+ TO #i#b1#a#i#a TONS 9 ,M>*1 #a#i#g#a4.<#f.> ,PRESUMABLY !SE FIGURES1 ANN\NC$ BY ! ,P5TAGON1 DO NOT 9CLUDE ! ,>,V,N AIR =CE1 :I* WILL SOON HAVE MORE COMBAT AIRCRAFT ?AN ! ,FR5* OR ,BRITI%4 .<#g.> 

,! AIR W> WAS %>PLY /EPP$ UP 9 ,LAOS & LAT] 9 ,CAMBODIA4 ,!RE IS AMPLE EVID5CE ?AT 9 BO? C\NTRIES ! RURAL POPULATION IS A PRIME T>GET4 ,! GOV]NM5T HAS N[ ADMITT$ ?AT ,B-#e#bS HAVE BE5 REGUL>LY US$ 9 ,NOR!RN ,LAOS = 0AB\T TWO YE>S10 CONTRADICT+ ITS E>LI] LIES4.<#h.> ,ACCORD+ TO ,ALV9 ,%U/]1 0,FIGURES REC5TLY MADE AVAILABLE SUGGE/ ?AT AS MU* AS #ge P]C5T ( ! AIR W> MAY N[ BE \TSIDE ( ,S\? ,VIETNAM1 :]E ! L[ LEVEL ( MILIT>Y ACTIVITY1 ! EXPANSION ( ! ,S\? ,VIETNAMESE ,AIR ,=CE & ! )DRAWAL ( ,AM]ICAN COMBAT TROOPS HAVE LEFT ,AM]ICAN PILOTS ) FEW] T>GETS40 ,HE QUOTES AN ,AIR ,=CE (FIC]1 :O SAID3 0,Y\ WON'T SEE ANY DEADL9ES ON ! )DRAWAL ( AIR P[] FROM ?IS PLACE40.<#i.> 

,S5ATOR ,?OMAS ,EAGLETON REPORTS ?AT 9 BRIEF+S LA/ MON? 9 ,VIETNAM1 TWO ,U,S G5]ALS 7,WEY& & ,MILLOY7 9=M$ HIM ?AT 0! PLANS UND] :I* !Y W]E OP]AT+ CALL$ = A RESIDUAL ,AM]ICAN =CE 9DEF9ITELY 9TO ! FUTURE & = A PROTRACT$ P]IOD ( MASSIVE ,AM]ICAN AIR P[]1 9CLUD+ HELICOPT]S1 BAS$ 9 ,?AIL& & ,OK9AWA & V>I\S PLACES 9 ,9DO*9A40.<#a.> ,AM]ICAN HELICOPT]S ALONG ) AIRCRAFT HAVE BE5 REGUL>LY US$ 9 MILIT>Y OP]ATIONS 9 ,CAMBODIA4 ,! ,AM]ICAN COMM& N[ /ATES ?AT HELICOPT]S HAVE BE5 US$ 9 ,LAOS 0= ALL K9DS ( SUPPORT0 S9CE ,M>*1 #a#i#g4.<#a#a.> ,! BOMB+ ( ,NOR? ,VIETNAM HAS BE5 /EPP$ UP1 & ,NOR? ,VIETNAMESE S\RCES REPORT EXT5SIVE DEFOLIATION MISSIONS 9 ! ,NOR?4.<#a#b.> ,MEAN:ILE ! ,SAIGON POLICE =CES >E EXPECT$ TO EXP& TO #a#b1 M52 !SE 0PLAY A VITAL ROLE 9 ! PROGRAM DESIGN$ TO TRACK D[N & KILL OR CAPTURE ,VIETCONG POLITICAL (FICIALS40.<#a#c.> 

,OBVI\SLY1 ALL ( ?IS MEANS ?AT ! W> AGA9/ ! PEASANTS ( ,9DO*9A CONT9UES4 ,S5ATOR ,K5N$Y E/IMATES ?AT BETWE5 #b#e1 & #c#e1 CIVILIANS W]E KILL$ 9 ! W> 9 ,S\? ,VIETNAM LA/ YE>--A #e P]C5T R$UCTION 0AS A RESULT ( ! DIV]SION ( ,AM]ICAN BOMB+ RAIDS FROM ,S\? ,VIETNAM 9TO ,CAMBODIA & ,LAOS40.<#a#d.> ,!SE FIGURES P]MIT US TO GUESS :AT IS HAPP5+ 9 ,LAOS & ,CAMBODIA4 ,H]B]T ,MITGANG CITES EVID5CE 9DICAT+ ?AT 0! CONDUCT ( ! W> 9 ! LA/ TWO YE>S HAS RESULT$ 9 AN ADDITIONAL HALF-MILLION CIVILIAN CASUALTIES & G5]AT$ ?REE MILLION REFUGEES40.<#a#e.> 

,9 FACT1 0,! NUMB] ( W> REFUGEES 9 ,S\? ,VIETNAM HAS RIS5 DRAMATICALLY--P]HAPS BY AS MANY AS #a#e1--S9CE NEW ALLI$ OP]ATIONS 9 ,9DO*9A W]E BEGUN LA/ YE>4444 ,BETWE5 LA/ ,OCTOB] & ,FEBRU>Y1 ! MON?LY NUMB] ( NEW REFUGEES HAS REPORT$LY 9CREAS$ MORE ?AN FIVE TIMES40.<#a#f.> ,TO CITE ONLY ! ULTIMATE IRONY1 :ILE ! NATION WAS AGONIZ+ OV] ! ,CALLEY V]DICT1 A NEW GR\ND SWEEP TOOK PLACE 9 ! ,MY ,LAI >EA :I* 0MAY =CE AS MANY AS #a#f1 PEOPLE FROM !IR HOMES40.<#a#g.> ,!SE PEOPLE >E1 ( C\RSE1 ALREADY REFUGEES1 BUT S9CE 0SECURITY1 NEV] FIRM1 IS DECL9+10 !Y MU/ UND]GO ! SAME TREATM5T ONCE AGA94 

,AS ,DANIEL ,ELLSB]G HAS LUCIDLY EXPLA9$ 9 ?IS J\RNAL 7,M>* #a#a1 #a#i#g#a71 !RE IS LITTLE REASON TO SUPPOSE ?AT ,NIXON WILL T]M9ATE A]IAL W>F>E OR ,U,S-SUPPORT$ GR\ND COMBAT UNLESS HE IS =C$ TO DO SO4 ,ELLSB]G IS NOT ALONE 9 ?IS JUDGM5T4 ,AFT] ! R5EW$ BOMB+ RAIDS AGA9/ ,NOR? ,VIETNAM1 ,/ANLEY ,K>N[1 ! WELL-KN[N ,F> ,EA/]N CORRESPOND5T1 CONCLUD$ ?AT 0,MR4 ,NIXON ESS5TIALLY WANTS ! 5EMY TO CAPITULATE444WE C\LD WELL BE HEAD+ T[>D A BIGG] W>40.<#a#h.> ,! KN[L$GEABLE ,WA%+TON CORRESPOND5T ,JOSEPH ,H>S* WRITES1 0,! TALK H]E IS NO LONG] ( A TOTAL ,AM]ICAN )DRAWAL4 ,IT IS RA!R ( A LONG-T]M ,AM]ICAN MILIT>Y PRES5CE 9 SUPPORT ( ! EXI/+ REGIME 9 ,SAIGON40.<#a#i.> 

,SELECT$ CORRESPOND5TS :O HAVE ATT5D$ CONFID5TIAL BRIEF+S REPORT ?AT ! ,PRESID5T APP>5TLY HAS 9 M9D BETWE5 FIVE & T5 YE>S ( CONT9U$ W>1 & ?AT HE IS /RONGLY H9T+ ?AT ! LONG-T]M ,U,S PRES5CE 9 ,S\? ,VIETNAM 0C\LD REMA9 AT ! #e1 LEVEL 9DEF9ITELY40.<#b.> ,AN ANALYSIS ( ! ,P5TAGON BUDGET 9DICATES ?AT 0,DEF5SE ,DEP>TM5T PLANN+ CALLS = POSSIBLE RET5TION ( MORE ?AN #a#e1 ,UNIT$ ,/ATES TROOPS 9 ,VIETNAM 9 ! SUMM] ( #aigb & SOME #e1 ! SUMM] AFT]40.<#b#a.> ,REMEMB] ?AT ! ,FR5*1 ) A T9Y FRACTION ( ! FIREP[] ,AM]ICA USES1 NEV] S5T CONSCRIPTS TO ,9DO*9A & DEPLOY$ P]HAPS #g1 NATIVE ,FR5* TROOPS :ILE ATTEMPT+ TO HOLD ,S\? ,VIETNAM1 ,NOR? ,VIETNAM1 ,LAOS1 & ,CAMBODIA4.<#b#b.> 

,9 %ORT1 ! ,NIXON ,ADM9I/RATION IS APP>5TLY REV]T+ TO A MORE CLASSICAL PATT]N ( COLONIAL W>1 RELY+ MORE ON M]C5>IES & NATIVE =CES--AS ! ,BRITI% US$ ,GURKHAS & ,BURMESE M\NTA9 TRIBESM51 & ! ,FR5* ! ,=EIGN ,LEGION & LOCALLY RECRUIT$ TROOPS--:ILE CONT9U+ TO EMPLOY ! FANTA/IC FIREP[] ( ! AIR & HELICOPT] =CES & ! NEW TE*NIQUES ( SURVEILLANCE & DE/RUCTION PROVID$ BY ,AM]ICAN TE*NOLOGY4 

,! USE ( ,AM]ICAN CONSCRIPTS IS N[ WIDELY REG>D$ AS HAV+ BE5 A MI/AKE4 ,! ,AM]ICAN TROOPS1 TO !IR CR$IT1 >E NOT EAG] TO FI<T & ! >MY IS BECOM+ DEMORALIZ$4 ,?IS IS NATURAL 5\<4 ,IT TAKES PR(ESSIONAL KILL]S1 OR TE*NICIANS :O REMA9 SUFFICI5TLY REMOTE FROM ! BLOOD & GORE1 TO FI<T A COLONIAL W> 9 :I* ! CIVILIAN POPULATION IS ! 5EMY4 ,FUR!RMORE1 ! USE ( ,AM]ICAN TROOPS HAS BE5 CO/LY1 NOT ONLY 9 DOLL>S BUT 9 DOME/IC SUPPORT4 ,& F9ALLY1 N[ ?AT ,VIETNAM HAS BE5 SO SUCCESSFULLY 0URBANIZ$10 ) ALMO/ HALF ! POPULATION DRIV5 FROM ! C\NTRYSIDE 9TO REFUGEE CAMPS & URBAN SLUMS1 A HUGE OCCUPY+ >MY NO LONG] SEEMS AS NECESS>Y AS IT ONCE DID4 

,?US IT W\LD SEEM MORE SATISFACTORY TO FI<T ! W> ON ! ,LAOTIAN MODEL1 ) M]C5>Y =CES1 HEAVY BOMB>DM5T LEAD+ TO VIRTUAL DE/RUCTION ( CIVIL SOCIETY 7AS 9 ,NOR!RN ,LAOS1 :I* IS F> FROM ,S\? ,VIETNAM OR ! 0,HO ,*I ,M9H TRAILS071 & EFFECTIVE NEWS SUPPRESSION4 

,TO C>RY \T ?IS PLAN1 IT IS NECESS>Y TO 0COOL ,AM]ICA40 ,! CYNICAL CALCULATION ( ! ,NIXON-,KISS+] ,ADM9I/RATION IS ?AT ! PEOPLE ( ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES WILL P]MIT ! DE/RUCTION ( ,9DO*9A TO GO ON 9DEF9ITELY1 P]HAPS = ! FIFTE5 TO TW5TY YE>S ?AT ,VICE-,PRESID5T ,KY SEES AS ELAPS+ BE=E ,S\? ,VIETNAM IS 79 HIS T]M9OLOGY7 CAPABLE ( DEF5D+ ITSELF4.<#b#c.> ,S9CE ,WA%+TON CONT9UES TO BELIEVE ?AT 0,S\? ,VIETNAM IS SIMPLY NOT READY 9 MANY RESPECTS TO TRY TO COPE ) ,COMMUNI/ POLITICAL *ALL5GES10 MILIT>Y EF=TS MU/ CONT9UE1 P]HAPS 9DEF9ITELY1 TO 0GIVE VALU$ TIME40.<#b#d.> 

,APP>5TLY ! ,ADM9I/RATION BELIEVES ?AT ! POLICY ( DEMORALIZATION1 =C$ URBANIZATION1 ECOCIDE1 & CONT9U$ MURD] MAY BR+ AB\T A SITUATION 9 :I* ! ,VIETNAMESE CAN BE CONTROLL$4 ,9 ! %ORT RUN1 ! MALE POPULATION WILL BE =C$ 9TO ! ONE SOCIAL ORGANIZATION ?AT ! ,U,S WILL P]MIT TO FUNCTION1 ?AT IS1 ! >MY1 L$ BY A LOYAL (FIC] CORPS--BY SU* M5 AS ,G5]AL ,PHAM ,VAN ,PHU1 COMM&] ( ! ,FIR/ ,9FANTRY ,DIVISION :I* L$ ! 9VASION ( ,S\!RN ,LAOS4 ,G5]AL ,PHU1 :O F\<T ) ! ,FR5* 7LIKE VIRTUALLY ALL ! TOP ,>,V,N (FIC]S7 & P>A*UT$ 9TO ,DI5BI5PHU 9 ITS LA/ DAYS1 REPORTS ?AT HIS ,VIETNAMESE BATTALION WAS ! LA/ TO SUBMIT 9 ?AT BATTLE1 9 :I* !Y KILL$ MANY 0,VIET ,CONG40.<#b#e.> 

,DESPITE ! FAIRY TALES F$ TO ! ,AM]ICAN PUBLIC1 ,G5]AL ,PHU UND]/&S V]Y WELL :AT IS HAPP5+ 9 ,9DO*9A4 ,9 #a#i#e#d1 HE WAS KILL+ 0,VIET ,CONG0 = ! ,FR5*2 N[ HE IS KILL+ !M = ! ,AM]ICANS1 :O >E F> /RONG] &1 HE D\BTLESS HOPES1 MORE P]SI/5T4 ,AP>T FROM SCALE1 LITTLE HAS *ANG$4 

,IT IS PRESUMABLY HOP$ ?AT 9 ! LONG RUN ,S\? ,VIETNAM CAN BE ABSORB$ 9TO ! ,U,S-,JAPAN ,PACIFIC SY/EM 9 ! MANN] ( ,S\? ,KOREA4 ,DON ,LUCE WROTE REC5TLY FROM ,SAIGON3 

,! BASIC FAMILY UNIT HAS BE5 ALMO/ DE/ROY$ BY ! W> & BY ,AM]ICAN SOCIAL SCI5TI/S :O BELIEVE 0PR(IT 9C5TIVES0 >E ! BASIC UND]LY+ DRIVE 9 ALL HUMAN BE+S4.<#b#f.> 

,?IS IS NOT M]ELY AN ACCID5TAL CONSEQU5CE ( W>4 ,AM]ICAN ECONOMIC POLICIES HAVE BE5 DESIGN$ TO FLOOD ! URBAN C5T]S ) COMMODITIES4 ,! ?REE TO F\R MILLION PEOPLE ( ,SAIGON1 :I* HAS NO PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION1 LIVE 9 :AT HAS BE5 CALL$ A 0,HONDA ECONOMY40 ,:5 ,AM]ICAN ADVIS]S SAY ?AT ! W> W\LD BE WON IF ONLY EV]Y ,VIETNAMESE MALE C\LD BE PUT ON A ,HONDA1 !Y >E ONLY HALF JOK+4 ,! PRODUCTIVE RES\RCES ( ,S\? ,VIETNAM HAVE BE5 SEV]ELY DAMAG$ BY ! SAME MEANS AS W]E US$ 9 ! ATTEMPT TO BREAK ! WILL ( ! RURAL POPULATION4 

,! /R5G? & RESILI5CE ( ! ,VIETNAMESE REVOLUTION RESIDE NOT 9 ! G5ES ( ! ,VIETNAMESE1 BUT 9 !IR CULTURE & SOCIAL /RUCTURE4 ,IF !SE CAN BE DE/ROY$ & AN >TIFICIAL CONSUM] SOCIETY ( ATOMIZ$ 9DIVIDUALS ]ECT$ 9 !IR /EAD1 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES WILL HAVE A*IEV$ ITS VICTORY4 ,AS ELSE:]E 9 ,EA/ ,ASIA1 !RE IS AN 7UNEASY7 ALLIANCE BETWE5 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES & ,JAPAN TO ?IS 5D4 

,! $ITOR ( ! ,F> ,EA/]N ,ECONOMIC ,REVIEW PUTS IT AS FOLL[S3 

,9 #aifh ! F>SI<T$ PREMI] ( ,NOR? ,VIETNAM1 ,PHAM ,VAN ,DONG1 REPORT$LY TOLD A VISITOR ?AT HIS C\NTRY1 HAV+ SUCCESSFULLY F\<T ! ,*9ESE1 ! ,JAPANESE1 ! ,FR5* & ! ,AM]ICANS1 W\LD NEXT HAVE TO FI<T ! ,JAPANESE4 ,! POPULATION ( ! ,S\?1 HE SAID1 HAD BE5 DRIV5 BY W> 9TO ! CITIES & W]E !RE BECOM+ CORRUPT$ BY ! DESIRE = CONSUM] GOODS1 = ,SONY TRANSI/ORS & ,HONDA MOTORCYCLES4 ,ONLY ,JAPAN C\LD SUPPLY SU* URBAN M>KETS 9 ,ASIA4 ,KIM ,IL ,SUNG ( ,NOR? ,KOREA ALSO SAW ! S\!RN HALF ( ! ,KOREAN P59SULA FALL+ UND] ,JAPANESE ECONOMIC DOM9ATION4.<#b#g.> 

,:E!R ! 0WORK%OP ( ! ,PACIFIC0 WILL REMA9 FIRMLY )9 ! ,AM]ICAN ORBIT REMA9S1 ( C\RSE1 TO BE SE52 BUT ?AT IS ANO!R LONG-T]M MATT]4 ,9 ANY EV5T1 ,JAPANESE GOV]NM5T ECONOMIC EXP]TS >E N[ /UDY+ POT5TIAL DEVELOPM5T PROJECTS 9 ,S\? ,VIETNAM TO SUPPLEM5T ALREADY E/ABLI%$ ,JAPANESE PLANTS4 ,PRESID5T ,?IEU1 AT ! OP5+ ( ONE ( !SE1 PRAIS$ IT AS A FIR/ /EP T[>D 0A SOLID NATIONAL ECONOMY40.<#b#h.> ,PRES5T PLANS 9CLUDE ,JAPANESE-BACK$ FACTORIES1 ! DEVELOPM5T ( ! GREAT] ,CAM ,RANH ,BAY >EA 7:I* HAS SUB/ANTIAL DEPOSITS ( FIR/ GRADE SILICA & LIME/ONE7 AS AN 9TEGRAT$ 9DU/RIAL PORT COMPLEX1 & SO ON4 ,A ,JAPANESE 9VE/M5T TEAM E/IMAT$ ?AT 0IT W\LD TAKE TWO YE>S TO REPAIR W> DAMAGE & BUILD UP RES\RCES1 FROM F\R TO SIX YE>S TO DEVELOP A SELF-SUPPORT+ ECONOMY & EI<T YE>S BE=E ,S\? ,VIETNAM C\LD P>TICIPATE PRODUCTIVELY 9 ! OV]ALL DEVELOPM5T ( ,S\!A/ ,ASIA10.<#b#i.> 9 ! MANN] ( ,S\? ,KOREA1 ! ,PHILIPP9ES1 ,?AIL&1 & ,TAIWAN4 

,A REC5T CONFID5TIAL REPORT SPONSOR$ BY ! ,ASIAN ,DEVELOPM5T ,BANK EXPLORES ! PROBLEMS ( ECONOMIC DEVELOPM5T 9 ,S\? ,VIETNAM ON ! PREMISE ?AT ! ,U,S WILL HAVE GA9$ A ,KOREAN-/YLE /ALEMATE BY #aigc 7) ,N,V,A TROOPS )DRAWN & !1 ,N,L,F R$UC$ TO A M9OR NUISANCE71 & WILL HAVE TROOPS 9 ,VIETNAM AFT] #a#i#g#e4 ,COMM5T+ ON ?IS REPORT1 ,JACQUES ,DECORNOY WRITES3 

,9 ITS VIEW1 ! ,S\!A/ ,ASIA ( ! FUTURE APPE>S AS A K9D ( P>ADISE = 9T]NATIONAL BANK]S & 9VE/ORS1 BESIDES PROVID+ AN 9EXHAU/IBLE SUPPLY ( WOOD1 PETROLEUM & M9]ALS = ,JAPAN'S EXP&+ ECONOMY4.<#c.> 

,! ECONOMIES ( ! REGION WILL 9EVITABLY BE BAS$ ON ! SALE ( RAW MAT]IALS4 ,9DU/RIALIZATION WILL BE GE>$ TO ! WORLD M>KET+ FACILITIES ( MULT9ATIONAL COMPANIES ?AT WILL PROVIDE 9VE/M5T = 9DU/RY4 ,AMBASSADOR ,BUNK] CALLS = ! DESIGN (3 

444AN EFFECTIVE /RATEGY444TO FUR!R P>TICIPATION 9 =EIGN TRADE & TO ATTRACT PRIVATE 9VE/M5T FROM ABROAD4444 ,! REC5T PETROLEUM LAW & ! NEW 9VE/M5T LAW N[ BE=E ! UPP] ,H\SE 9DICATE ! ,GOV]NM5T'S DESIRE TO CREATE A FLEXIBLE LONG-T]M 9VE/M5T POLICY :I* WILL S]VE ,VIETNAM'S 9T]E/S :ILE AT ! SAME TIME IT CREATES AN ECONOMIC CLIMATE =EIGN 9VE/ORS WILL F9D ATTRACTIVE4.<#c#a.> 

,NE$LESS TO SAY1 HIS NOTION ( 0,VIETNAM'S 9T]E/S0 IS A V]Y SPECIAL ONE1 JU/ AS ,JAPANESE 9VE/M5T TEAMS HAVE A P>TICUL> 9T]PRETATION ( 0P>TICIPAT+ PRODUCTIVELY 9 ! OV]ALL DEVELOPM5T ( ,S\!A/ ,ASIA40 ,AS ,GABRIEL ,KOLKO HAS PO9T$ \T1 ! REC5T FLURRY ( ACTIVITY CONC]N+ OIL 9VE/M5T %\LD PROBABLY BE SE5 9 ! LI<T ( ?IS NE$ = 0ECONOMIC ,VIETNAMIZATION10 A GR[+ PROBLEM IF ! >TIFICIAL ECONOMY ( ,S\? ,VIETNAM CAN NO LONG] BE SU/A9$ BY ,AM]ICAN MILIT>Y EXP5DITURES & A DOLE FROM ! ,AM]ICAN TAXPAY]4.<#c#b.> 

,!RE IS1 9 %ORT1 A FAIR AM\NT ( EVID5CE ?AT ! ,ADM9I/RATION HOPES TO BE ABLE TO W9 A MILIT>Y VICTORY1 & ?AT ! 9T]NATIONAL F9ANCIAL COMMUNITY TAKES ?IS 9T5TION S]I\SLY4 ,SU* A VICTORY W\LD REQUIRE ?AT ! URBAN C5T]S & P>TS ( ! C\NTRYSIDE BE KEPT UND] FIRM MILIT>Y & POLICE CONTROL1 ?AT ! POLITICAL OPPOSITION BE 0NEUTRALIZ$0 7I4E41 KILL$1 CAPTUR$1 OR T]RORIZ$71 & ?AT !SE POPULATION C5T]S BE SEP>AT$ FROM MA9 =CE GU]RILLA UNITS & ,N,V,A =CES BY R+S ( FIRE & DE/RUCTION4 ,!RE WILL PROBABLY BE A FACADE ( DEMOCRACY IF ?IS IS POSSIBLE1 ) ,PHILIPP9E- & ,KOREAN-/YLE ELECTIONS--A LOCAL P[] GAME PLAY$ AMONG SMALL ELITES DEP5D5T ON ! DOM9ANT 9DU/RIAL SOCIETIES1 ) C5TRAL CONTROL SO P[]FUL & SOCIAL *AOS SO P]VASIVE ?AT NO MEAN+FUL POLITICS NE$ BE FE>$4.<#c#c.> ,ANALOG\S PROGRAMS MAY BE ANTICIPAT$ 9 O!R P>TS ( MA9L& ,S\!A/ ,ASIA4 

,:AT WILL BE ! IMPACT ( ! DEFEAT ( ,>,V,N =CES 9 ,S\!RN ,LAOS ON !SE LONG-RANGE PLANS8 ,?AT IS UNCLE>4 ,REPRES5TATIVE ,PAUL ,MC,CLOSKEY IS PROBABLY CORRECT :5 HE SAYS ?AT ONE ( ! GOALS ( ! ,LAOS & ,CAMBODIAN 09CURSIONS0 WAS 0TO KILL ! MAXIMUM NUMB] ( ,NOR? ,VIETNAMESE POSSIBLE1 :]EV] !Y MAY BE F\ND1 & DESPITE :ATEV] NUMB] ( ,LAOTIAN & ,CAMBODIAN PEOPLE & VILLAGES MAY HAVE TO BE DE/ROY$ 9 ! PROCESS40.<#c#d.> ,WE NE$ ONLY ADD ?AT AMONG ?OSE KILL$ !RE >E1 SURELY1 L>GE 9DIG5\S RESI/ANCE =CES1 CALL$ 0,NOR? ,VIETNAMESE0 9 ,AM]ICAN POLITICAL LANGUAGE4 

,9 ,LAOS IT APPE>S ?AT ELITE ,>,V,N UNITS W]E US$ AS BAIT TO COMPEL ,PA!T ,LAO & ,N,V,A TROOPS TO MASS1 !REBY SUBJECT+ !MSELVES TO ,AM]ICAN FIREP[] & PRESUMABLY SUFF]+ HEAVY CASUALTIES4 ,NO D\BT ! ,AM]ICAN COMM& HOP$ ?AT ! ,>,V,N ELITE UNITS C\LD HOLD \T MU* LONG] ?AN !Y DID1 & DID NOT ANTICIPATE ! 5SU+ R\T4 ,NEV]!LESS1 ! EFFECT WAS TO WEAK5 ALL CONT5D+ =CES 9 ,9DO*9A4 ,= ! IMP]IAL P[] ?AT HOPES TO CONTROL FRACTUR$1 DEMORALIZ$ SOCIETIES1 ?IS IS NOT NECESS>ILY AN UN=TUNATE RESULT1 ?\< IT IS SURELY LESS ?AN ! ,U,S COMM& HOP$ =4 ,SO LONG AS ! PEOPLE ( ,9DO*9A >E SLAU<T]+ ONE ANO!R & CAN BE SUBJECT$ TO ,AM]ICAN FIREP[]1 ?+S >E NOT TOO BAD = ! ,U,S 9VAD]S4 

,I,I 

,I %ALL NOT CONSID] H]E ! *ANCES = SUCCESS 9 ! EF=T TO A*IEVE A MILIT>Y VICTORY 9 ,9DO*9A4 ,RA!R1 ,I %ALL RETURN TO ! QUE/ION ( 0! COOL+ ( ,AM]ICA10 AN ESS5TIAL COMPON5T 9 ,U,S /RATEGY4 ,!RE >E SEV]AL SEGM5TS ( ,AM]ICAN SOCIETY ?AT MU/ BE PACIFI$ IF ! ,NIXON-,KISS+] PLAN IS TO SUCCE$4 ,!RE IS1 FIR/ ( ALL1 0! SY/EM40 ,IT IS REASONABLY CLE> ?AT ! C\RTS WILL NOT CONSID] ! QUE/ION ( ! LEGALITY ( ! ,9DO*9A W>1 AT LEA/ SO LONG AS IT IS 9 PROGRESS4 ,9 ?AT CASE1 ! JUDICIAL BRAN* ( 0! SY/EM0 IMPOSES NO CON/RA9T ON EXECUTIVE P[]4 

,BUT :AT ( ,CONGRESS8 ,DUR+ ! PA/ MON?S !RE HAS BE5 MU* TALK1 BUT LITTLE ACTION4 ,! MASS PROTE/S & O!R K9DS ( PRESSURE MAY LEAD TO SOME EF=TS 9 ,CONGRESS TO /OP ! W> AS SOME KN[L$GEABLE COMM5TATORS BELIEVE4 ,RI*>D ,L4 ,/R\T1 = EXAMPLE1 WRITES ?AT 0A PEACE GR\P 9 A RE/IVE ,CONGRESS IS GO+1 9 EFFECT1 TO TAKE UP :]E ! ANTI-W> DEMON/RATORS LEFT (F1 & IT LOOKS LIKE ! BIG ISSUE = #a#i#g#a40 ,IT SURELY DIDN'T LOOK LIKE A 0BIG ISSUE0 BE=E ! DEMON/RATIONS1 & IT WILL NOT AGA91 IF POPUL> PRESSURES DECREASE4 ,AS ,/R\T OBS]VES3 0,! MOOD ( ! C\NTRY IS CRUCIAL 9 ?IS DEVELOP+ BATTLE40 ,AL?\< CRITICS ( ! 0NOISY DI/URBANCES0 CLAIM ?AT !Y IMP$E ,CONGRESSIONAL ACTION1 NEV]!LESS 0! TUMULT ?AT FILL$ HEADL9ES & ,T,V EMPHASIZ$ ! NEW /ATE ( ! DRAMA10 & !RE >E SOME 9DICATIONS N[ ?AT 0! PRESSURE ON ! ,:ITE ,H\SE WILL 9CREASE1 NOT DIM9I%40.<#c#e.> 

,IT IS A FAIR GUESS ?AT ! EV5TS 9 ,WA%+TON & ELSE:]E DID SUCCE$ 9 CONVEY+ A S5SE ( URG5CY TO ,CONGRESS1 JU/ AS !Y %[$ ! ,ADM9I/RATION ?AT ! C\NTRY IS F> FROM 0COOL$40 ,TWO S5ATORS1 ,MIKE ,GRAVEL & ,H>OLD ,HU<ES1 HAVE ANN\NC$ ?AT !Y WILL ATTEMPT A FILIBU/] AGA9/ ! DRAFT4.<#c#f.> ,S5ATE W> CRITICS HAVE ALSO DECID$1 ACCORD+ TO ,U,P,I REPORTS1 TO PRESS = A QUICK ,S5ATE VOTE ON AN 05D-!-W>0 ACT4.<#c#g.> 

,NEV]!LESS1 ,S5ATOR ,FULBRI<T1 ACCORD+ TO ! SAME REPORT1 CONC$$ ?AT IT W\LD BE 0ALMO/ IMPOSSIBLE0 = ,CONGRESS TO =CE ! ,PRESID5T TO 5D ! W>2 & ?AT IF ! ,MC,GOV]N-,HATFIELD AM5DM5T W]E PASS$ 9 BO? H\SES 7:I* IS HI<LY UNLIKELY71 A 0CON/ITUTIONAL CRISIS0 MI<T FOLL[ IF ! ,PRESID5T 0%\LD /UBBORNLY /& FIX$10 AS HE MI<T WELL DO4 ,?\< ! EV5TS ( ! SPR+ MAY HAVE /IRR$ ,CONGRESS1 ! ,PRESID5T MAY WELL CONCLUDE1 AT LEA/ = ! PRES5T1 ?AT ,CONGRESS WILL NOT S]I\SLY IMP$E HIS PLANS4 

,!RE >E SEV]AL REASONS :Y ! ,PRESID5T MAY REA* ?IS CONCLUSION4 ,CONGRESSM5 >E1 LIKE HIMSELF1 POLITICAL ANIMALS4 ,!Y WANT TO BE ELECT$ &--AL?\< !RE >E EXCEPTIONS--!Y T5D TO TAKE ! SAFE C\RSE4 ,A SUP]FICIAL LOOK AT ! POLLS MAY 9DICATE ?AT ! SAFE C\RSE W\LD BE TO VOTE = ! ,MC,GOV]N-,HATFIELD 5D-!-W> AM5DM5T1 N[ SUPPORT$ BY ALMO/ ?REE-F\R?S ( ! POPULATION1 ACCORD+ TO NATION-WIDE POLLS4 ,ONE MI<T EXPECT POLITICIANS TO BE WILL+ TO RIDE A WAVE ( ?AT SIZE4 ,BUT IT IS LIKELY ?AT !Y WILL NOT1 9 P>T ON GR\NDS ( POLITICAL EXP$I5CY4 ,SUPPOSE ?AT DUR+ ! LATE ,=TIES A POLL HAD BE5 TAK5 ON S5D+ TROOPS TO ,*9A4 ,PROBABLY MO/ ( ! POPULATION W\LD HAVE BE5 OPPOS$4 ,NEV]!LESS1 )9 A FEW YE>S1 0! LOSS ( ,*9A0 BECAME A MAJOR ISSUE 9 ,AM]ICAN POLITICAL LIFE1 & IMM5SELY DAMAG+ ACCUSATIONS W]E MADE AGA9/ ?OSE :O HAD ALLEG$LY P]MITT$ ?IS 0LOSS40 ,9DE$1 ,DANIEL ,ELLSB]G HAS >GU$ ?AT FE>S ( RECRIM9ATION = A POSSIBLE 0LOSS ( ,9DO*9A0 HAVE BE5 A DOM9ANT !ME 9 EXECUTIVE DECISION-MAK+ = ! PA/ TW5TY YE>S4.<#c#h.> 

,?\< ?IS JUDGM5T MAY 7AS HE SAYS7 SEEM H>% & CYNICAL1 IT IS HI<LY PLAUSIBLE & CAN BE SUPPORT$ BY CONSID]ABLE EVID5CE4 ,IF ,PRESID5T ,NIXON W]E =C$ \T ( ,9DO*9A BY ,CONGRESS1 HE C\LD RETURN TO A FAMILI> ROLE3 LEAD+ ! ATTACK ON ! TRAITORS :O /ABB$ ! C\NTRY 9 ! BACK AT ! MOM5T ( GLORI\S VICTORY4 ,! /RATEGY MI<T NOT WORK AS WELL AS IT DID A G5]ATION AGO1 BUT ! DEMAGOGUE HAS A NATURAL ADVANTAGE 9 SU* A CASE4 ,JOSEPH ,ALSOP MADE ! PO9T PRECISELY3 

,F9ALLY1 IT IS TO BE HOP$ ?AT ! PEACE S5ATORS TAKE NOTE ( ANO!R FACT4 ,SUPPOSE !Y F9ALLY MANAGE TO SNAT* DEFEAT FROM ! V]Y JAW ( VICTORY4 ,9 ?AT EV5T1 ! HEAT !Y WILL LAT] FEEL1 AS ! REAL AU?ORS ( ! FIR/ ,AM]ICAN DEFEAT 9 HI/ORY1 WILL MAKE ! HEAT !Y >E N[ FEEL+ RESEMBLE ! MILD W>M? ( A TEA-COZY4 .<#c#i.> 

,AL?\< ,ALSOP HAS BECOME SOME?+ ( A CL[N1 HIS W>N+ IS A S]I\S ONE TO A NORMAL POLITICIAN4 ,EMMETT ,HU<ES MADE A SIMIL> PO9T1.<#d.> :I* A ,BO/ON ,GLOBE $ITORIAL CIT$ ALONG ) AN 0(F-!-RECORD CONF]5CE0 AT :I* A TOP ,:ITE ,H\SE ADVIS]1 PRESUMABLY ,H5RY ,KISS+]1 W>N$ ?AT ,AM]ICAN )DRAWAL W\LD 0PRECIPITATE AN OV]:ELM+ DOME/IC RESPONSE FROM ! RI<T-W+40 .<#d#a.> 

,?\< SU* W>N+S >E 9T5D$ P>TLY TO RALLY LIB]AL SUPPORT BEH9D ! ,NIXON-,KISS+] W> POLICY1 POLITICIANS >E NEV]!LESS LIKELY TO RECOGNIZE ?AT !Y >E 9 MANY WAYS S\ND4 ,NIXON W\LD C]TA9LY UND]/& ?IS1 AS W\LD ,KISS+]1 :O1 AFT] ALL1 KN[S ?AT HIS SUCCESSOR MI<T WELL SPEAK ( ! FAILURE ( N]VE & 9TELLIG5CE ?AT L$ TO ! 0LOSS ( ,9DO*9A0 9 MU* ! SAME T]MS AS ?OSE HE HIMSELF ONCE US$ 9 WRIT+ ( 0! LOSS ( ,NOR!RN ,9DO*9A0 & O!R SIMIL> FAILURES4.<#d#b.> ,N>R[ CALCULATIONS ( POLITICAL SAFETY W\LD LEAD A CONGRESSMAN TO SPEAK \T AGA9/ ! W>1 9 VIEW ( ! PRES5T MOOD ( ! C\NTRY1 BUT NOT TO ACT ON HIS WORDS1 9 VIEW ( ! LIKELY MOOD IF ! ,PRESID5T W]E =C$ BY ,CONGRESS TO T]M9ATE ! W>4 

,QUITE AP>T FROM ?IS1 MO/ CONGRESSM51 LIKE MO/ ( !IR CON/ITU5TS1 W\LD PREF] TO SEE ,S\? ,VIETNAM FIRMLY PLAC$ )9 ! ,AM]ICAN-DOM9AT$ SY/EM1 A 0DEMOCRACY0--LIKE ! ,PHILIPP9ES1 ,S\? ,KOREA1 ,TAIWAN1 ,9DONESIA1 & ,?AIL&--TO ITS FOLL[+ ! PA? ( ,*9ESE-/YLE 0DO-IT-Y\RSELF0 SOCIAL & ECONOMIC DEVELOPM5T1 :I* IS CALL$ 0COMMUNISM40 ,= SU* REASONS1 ,NIXON MAY FEEL ?AT HE CAN C\NT ON ! COOL+ ( ,CONGRESS1 IF ! URG5CY ( ! ISSUE DECL9ES4 

,( C\RSE1 MASS OPPOSITION TO ! W> WILL CONT9UE3 D5UNCIATIONS & EXPOSES1 W> CRIMES 9QUIRIES & TEA*-9S1 P]IODIC MASS M>*ES1 & ! LIKE4 ,I DO NOT D5IGRATE !SE VALUABLE & ESS5TIAL ACTIVITIES2 ON ! CONTR>Y1 !Y OCCUPY MU* ( MY [N TIME4 ,EV]Y EF=T MU/ BE MADE TO CONV9CE MEMB]S ( ,CONGRESS ?AT !Y WILL LOSE ELECTIONS IF !Y DON'T TAKE ACTION AGA9/ ! W>4 ,BUT IT MU/ BE ADMITT$ ?AT ! ,PRESID5T MAY BE ABLE TO LIVE ) SU* EF=TS :ILE ! POLICY ( SY/EMATIC DE/RUCTION PROCE$S4 ,EV5 IF SUPPORT = ,AM]ICAN )DRAWAL W]E TO GO WELL BEYOND ! PRES5T #gc P]C5T1 ,NIXON CAN >GUE1 AS HE HAS REC5TLY DONE1 ?AT 0POLLS >E NOT ! ANSW]10 & CONT9UE TO TRY TO BEAT ! PEOPLE ( ,9DO*9A 9TO SUBMISSION4 

,?US ! ,ADM9I/RATION MAY RATIONALLY CONCLUDE ?AT DISS5T+ SEGM5TS ( ! ,AM]ICAN PUBLIC1 H[EV] VA/1 CAN BE DISC\NT$1 & ! 9/ITUTIONS ?AT RESPOND TO !M AS WELL4 

,:AT ( ! MORE 0RADICAL0 OR MILITANT OPPOSITION TO ! W>8 ,9 ORD] TO SUCCE$ 9 HIS /RATEGY1 ! ,PRESID5T MU/ REPRESS1 DISCR$IT1 & CONTA9 ?OSE GR\PS 9 ,AM]ICAN SOCIETY :I* TRY TO KEEP ! ISSUE ( ! W> ALIVE 9 A DRAMATIC & EFFECTIVE WAY1 :I* 9SI/ UPON ITS URG5CY1 & :I* ?REAT5 TO DISRUPT ! ORD]LY FUNCTION+ ( ,AM]ICAN SOCIETY SO LONG AS ! DE/RUCTION ( ,9DO*9A CONT9UES4 ,POSSIBLY ! ,H>RISBURG 9DICTM5T %\LD BE SE5 9 ?IS LI<T1 AS AN EF=T TO ISOLATE & IF POSSIBLE DEMORALIZE ! ,CA?OLIC LEFT & RELAT$ GR\PS4 ,AS TO ! /UD5T MOVEM5T1 ! HOPE1 NO D\BT1 IS ?AT Y\NG PEOPLE WILL BE DRIV5 TO CYNICISM & DESPAIR1 ?AT !Y WILL BE APA!TIC & DISC\RAG$ &1 ABOVE ALL1 OB$I5T4 ,ANO!R POSSIBILITY IS ?AT SOME ( !M WILL BE DRIV5 TO =MS ( T]RORISM ?AT WILL GA9 MASS SUPPORT = REPRESSION AT HOME & VIOL5CE OV]SEAS4 

,?IS /RATEGY W\LD AIM TO CLOSE (F ! OPTION ( NONVIOL5T CIVIL DISOB$I5CE ( A K9D ?AT MI<T REA* ! SCALE :]E IT C\LD NOT BE DISREG>D$ & ?AT MI<T 5LI/ ! SYMPA?Y ( GR[+ NUMB]S ( PEOPLE4 ,!SE >E ! K9DS ( PROTE/ ?AT HAVE BE5 EXPLOR$ BY DRAFT RESI/]S1 BY ! ,CA?OLIC LEFT1 & BY ! ,PEOPLES ,COALITION = ,PEACE & ,JU/ICE 9 ,WA%+TON & ELSE:]E DUR+ ! PA/ FEW WEEKS4 ,!IR ACTIONS >E BAS$ ON ! RATIONAL ASSUMPTION ?AT ! 0SY/EM0 WILL NOT WORK TO 5D ! W> QUICKLY1 = REASONS ,I HAVE SUGGE/$1 UNLESS IT IS SUBJECT$ TO CON/ANT & 9CREAS+ PRESSURE4 

,SOME OBS]V]S DISAGREE4 ,AN $ITORIAL 9 ! ,NEW ,REPUBLIC.<#d#c.> CLAIMS ?AT 9 ONE S5SE1 0,9DO*9A WAS IRRELEVANT TO ! ,MAYDAY ,TRIBE'S 9TRUSION40 ,! Y\NG PEOPLE :O TRI$ TO /OP ! GOV]NM5T = A DAY REPUDIATE 0B\RGEOIS SOCIETY0 & ITS PROC$URES4 ,!Y >E 0REVOLUTION>IES .<:O.> >E CONV9C$ ?AT IT IS ! SY/EM :I* MU/ GO1 & NOT SIMPLY ONE OR TWO MANIFE/ATIONS ( ! SY/EM'S EVIL44440 ,! ANONYM\S $ITOR SEES ! ,MAYDAY DEMON/RATIONS AS A /EP T[>D 0PREP>.<+.> ! WAY = MORE PREF]R$ RULES & RUL]S40 

,I DON'T KN[ :AT 9=MATION ?AT $ITOR MAY HAVE1 BUT TO ! BE/ ( MY KN[L$GE1 ?IS ANALYSIS IS HOPELESSLY CONFUS$4 ,! ,MAYDAY DEMON/RATIONS1 LIKE ?OSE ?AT PREC$$ !M1 W]E CLE>LY FOCUS$ ON SEV]AL 0MANIFE/ATIONS ( ! SY/EM'S EVIL10 MA9LY ! W>4 ,! DEM&S W]E EXPLICITLY RE=MI/3 AN 5D TO ! W>1 TO REPRESSION1 & A GU>ANTE$ 9COME ( @s#f1#e = A FAMILY ( F\R4.<#d#d.> ,:ATEV] ! P]SONAL OP9IONS ( ! P>TICIPANTS MAY BE1 ! EVID5CE SEEMS TO ME OV]:ELM+ ?AT !Y 9T5D$ TO DO EXACTLY :AT !Y SAID3 TO DEMON/RATE !IR OPPOSITION TO ! W> BY /OPP+1 AT LEA/ = A %ORT TIME1 ! GOV]NM5T ?AT REFUSES TO /OP ! W>4 ,!IR RHETORIC IS 9FLAT$1 BUT H>DLY REVOLUTION>Y4 ,?AT !Y W]E PLANN+ TO 0PREP>E ! WAY = MORE PREF]R$ RULES & RUL]S0 BY DEMON/RAT+ 9 ,WA%+TON SEEMS TO ME PURE FANCY4 

,TO ! ,NEW ,REPUBLIC $ITORIAL WRIT]1 ! ,MAYDAY DEMON/RATORS W]E REM9ISC5T ( ! MOBS ?AT GA!R$ 9 ,OX=D1 ,MISSISSIPPI1 9 #a#i#f#b1 TO ?W>T 9TEGRATION1 & W]E 9 NO WAY 0CUT FROM ! SAME CLO?0 AS ! CIVIL RI<TS DEMON/RATORS ( ! #a#i#fS4 ,AGA91 ,I DO NOT KN[ FROM :AT EXP]I5CE ?IS WRIT] SPEAKS1 BUT ,I DO KN[ ?AT P>TICIPANTS 9 ! ,MAYDAY ACTIONS :O DID HAVE DIRECT EXP]I5CE ) ! CIVIL RI<TS MOVEM5T 79 SOME CASES EXT5SIVE EXP]I5CE7 HAVE COMM5T$ ?AT ! MOOD & SPIRIT ( ! GR\P RECALL$ ! BE/ MOM5TS ( ! /RUGGLE = CIVIL RI<TS 9 ! E>LY #a#i#fS4 ,REV]5D ,HOSEA ,WILLIAMS1 PROGRAM DIRECTOR ( ,M>T9 ,LU!R ,K+'S ,S\!RN ,*RI/IAN ,LEAD]%IP ,CONF]5CE1 SPOKE AT A MASS MEET+ AFT] ! FIR/ ,MAYDAY EV5TS1 & CALL$ UPON 0! =CES ( GOOD WILL0 9 ! ,U,S TO SUPPORT !M4 ,REV]5D ,RALPH ,AB]NA?Y1 HEAD ( ,S,C,L,C1 ASK$ BLACK PA/ORS 9 ,WA%+TON TO OP5 !IR *UR*ES & O!R FACILITIES TO ! DEMON/RATORS4.<#d#e.> 

,TO ! WRIT] ( ! ,NEW ,REPUBLIC $ITORIAL1 ! DEMON/RATORS W]E ATTACK+ SOCIETY1 :I* HAS A RI<T TO DEF5D ITSELF ) POLICE P[]4 ,?IS1 TOO1 SEEMS A FANCIFUL 9T]PRETATION ( ,MAYDAY & ! EV5TS LEAD+ UP TO IT4 ,! POLICE P[]1 SO F> AS ,I C\LD SEE1 WAS NOT BE+ US$ TO 0DEF5D SOCIETY10 :I* WAS NOT UND] ATTACK1 BUT TO DEF5D ! PRE/IGE ( ! ,ADM9I/RATION & TO CLOSE (F C]TA9 POSSIBILITIES ( NONVIOL5T CIVIL DISOB$I5CE4 ,I %ALL RETURN TO ?IS BEL[4 

,I,I,I 

,9 HIS SPEE*1 :I* ,I HAVE ALREADY CIT$1 ,PAUL ,MC,CLOSKEY QUOT$ ! >GUM5T ( ,$MUND ,R&OLPH1 AS REPORT$ BY ,JAMES ,MADISON1 DUR+ ! ,CON/ITUTIONAL ,CONV5TION ( #a#g#h#g3 

,! ,EXECUTIVE WILL HAVE GREAT OPPORTUNITIES ( ABUS+ HIS P[]2 P>TICUL>LY1 9 TIME ( W>1 :5 ! MILIT>Y =CE1 & 9 SOME RESPECTS ! PUBLIC MONEY1 WILL BE 9 HIS H&S4 ,%\LD NO REGUL> PUNI%M5T BE PROVID$1 IT WILL BE IRREGUL>LY 9FLICT$ BY TUMULTS & 9SURRECTIONS4 

,PROPHETIC WORDS1 AS ,MC,CLOSKEY NOT$4 

,9 VIEW ( ! CONT9U+ ,AM]ICAN AGGRESSION 9 ,9DO*9A1 IS IT RI<T TO PROCE$ TO SOME =M ( CIVIL DISOB$I5CE8 ,A REASONABLE C\NT]>GUM5T IS ?AT ?IS =M ( DISS5T WILL1 9 FACT1 HAMP] ,CONGRESSIONAL EF=TS TO 5D ! W> & WILL BUILD SUPPORT = ! ,PRESID5T4 ,JUDGM5TS 9 SU* >GUM5TS >E NECESS>ILY IMPRECISE1 BUT IT SEEMS TO ME ?AT NONVIOL5T CIVIL DISOB$I5CE IS LIKELY TO HAVE ! OPPOSITE EFFECTS1 AS1 ,I BELIEVE1 IT HAS HAD 9 ! PA/4 ,IT SEEMS TO ME ?AT1 9 SPITE ( ! %ORT-RUN EFFECTS1 ONLY CONT9U+ DEMON/RATIONS ( VOCAL & COMMITT$ OPPOSITION HAVE =C$ ! ISSUE ( ! W> ON ! CONSCI\SNESS ( ! PUBLIC & IMPELL$ ,CONGRESS TO UND]TAKE SU* SLI<T MEASURES AS IT HAS4 

,HAD IT NOT BE5 = ! DEMON/RATIONS1 ! DRAFT RESI/ANCE1 & O!R ANTIW> ACTIONS ( ! PA/ YE>S1 HAD ,AM]ICA BE5 0COOL$0 FROM ! \TSET 9 ! DESIR$ WAY1 !RE W\LD HAVE BE5 FEW RE/RA9TS ON EXECUTIVE P[]1 ) CONSEQU5CES ?AT >E NOT DIFFICULT TO IMAG9E4 ,! TE/IMONY ( HAWKS-TURN$-DOVES 9DICATES ?AT !SE W]E SIGNIFICANT FACTORS4 ,MANY ACTIVITIES ?AT APPE>$ UN?9KABLE A FEW YE>S AGO--DRAFT & TAX RESI/ANCE OR RESI/ANCE )9 ! MILIT>Y1 = EXAMPLE--N[ RECEIVE WIDE SYMPA?Y & SUPPORT4 ,?\< CAUTION IS ( C\RSE NECESS>Y1 TO 5L>GE ! SCOPE ( NONVIOL5T CIVIL DISOB$I5CE SEEMS APPROPRIATE4 

,IT IS SOMETIMES >GU$ ?AT CIVIL DISOB$I5CE IS ILLEGITIMATE 9 A DEMOCRACY OR ?AT IT DISPLAYS ! 0TOTALIT>IANISM ( ! LEFT10 TO USE ! FA%IONABLE PHRASE4 ,! >GUM5T IS ?AT ! DEMOCRATICALLY CONTROLL$ 9/ITUTIONS ( ,AM]ICAN SOCIETY HAVE DET]M9$ ?AT ! W> MU/ CONT9UE2 !RE=E1 A COMMITM5T TO DEMOCRACY REQUIRES ?AT WE OBEY ?IS DECISION1 REFRA9+ FROM ILLEGAL BEHAVIOR DESIGN$ TO IMP$E ! OP]ATION ( ! ,AM]ICAN W> MA*9E AS IT PROCE$S TO DE/ROY HELPLESS PEOPLE4 

,DEMOCRATIC PR9CIPLE REQUIRES1 BY ?IS >GUM5T1 ?AT ! PEOPLE ( ,9DO*9A & ! L& ON :I* !Y ! 9/ITUTIONS ( \R DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY SO DET]M9E4 ,IT IS1 9 P>TICUL>1 IMPROP] TO 9CONV5I5CE GOV]NM5T WORK]S 9 ,WA%+TON1 EV5 IF ?IS MI<T IMP$E ! CONT9U+ EF=T ( ! ,ADM9I/RATION TO 9CONV5I5CE PEOPLE 9 ,9DO*9A BY DROPP+ #a TONS ( BOMBS AN H\R4 ,COMM5T ON ?IS CYNICAL >GUM5T IS H>DLY NECESS>Y4 

,/ILL MORE /RANGE IS ! >GUM5T1 HE>D EV5 FROM DI/+UI%$ PR(ESSORS ( LAW1 ?AT CIVIL DISOB$I5CE AGA9/ ! W> 0LEGITIMIZES0 ! CIVIL DISOB$I5CE ( ,GOV]NOR ,WALLACE & ! ,KU ,KLUX ,KLAN4 ,IF IT IS RI<T = Y\ TO BREAK ! LAW1 ! >GUM5T GOES1 !N :Y IS IT NOT RI<T = !M8 ,?IS >GUM5T W\LD BE RATIONAL ON ! ASSUMPTION ?AT OB$I5CE TO ! LAW IS AN ABSOLUTE & 9VIOLABLE PR9CIPLE2 TO PUT IT DIFF]5TLY1 IF IT IS EV] RI<T TO DISOBEY ! LAW1 !N IT IS ALWAYS RI<T TO DO SO4 ,DROP ?IS ASSUMPTION & ! >GUM5T COLLAPSES4 

,! ASSUMPTION1 ( C\RSE1 IS NONS5SICAL4 ,IF A P]SON W]E TO VIOLATE A TRAFFIC ORD9ANCE TO PREV5T A MURD]1 NO SANE JUDGE W\LD CONVICT4 ,ONE MAN'S VIOLATION ( ! LAW PROVIDES NO JU/IFICATION = ANO!R VIOLATION4 ,EA* CASE HAS TO BE EVALUAT$ ON ITS [N M]ITS4 ,( C\RSE1 IT IS A FAIR GUID+ PR9CIPLE ?AT ! LAW %\LD BE OBEY$4 ,BUT ! PR9CIPLE IS NOT AN ABSOLUTE ONE1 & A RATIONAL P]SON WILL ASK :E!R UND] SPECIFIC CIRCUM/ANCES !RE >E OV]RID+ CONSID]ATIONS4 

,NOR DOES IT HELP TO SAY1 0,BUT ! ,K,K,K ?9K ?AT !Y >E RI<T1 TOO40 ,:AT IS IMPORTANT IS NOT :E!R ONE :O COMMITS CIVIL DISOB$I5CE ?9KS ?AT HE IS RI<T1 BUT RA!R ! H>D] QUE/IONS3 ,IS HE RI<T8 ,WILL ! ACT HELP TO A*IEVE A JU/ 5D8 ,W\LD /RICTLY LEGAL MEANS BE 9EFFECTIVE8 

,H[ DO ! OV]-ALL SOCIAL CONSEQU5CES ( OBEY+ ! LAW1 9 ?IS 9/ANCE1 COMP>E ) ?OSE ( DISOBEY+ IT8 ,:AT >E ! EFFECTS ON NONP>TICIPANTS8 ,>E !Y 9JUR$ OR UNFAIRLY 9CONV5I5C$ 7AS 9 MANY LEGAL ACTIONS1 SAY1 A /RIKE72 & IF SO1 H[ DOES ?IS COMP>E TO ! 9JURY CAUS$ BY REFRA9+ FROM ACTS ( CIVIL DISOB$I5CE1 IF SU* ACTS >E AN EFFECTIVE MEANS TO OV]COME ! 9]TIA ?AT 79 ?IS CASE7 P]MITS ! DE/RUCTION ( ,9DO*9A TO CONT9UE8 

,>E NONP>TICIPANTS 9DUC$ BY CIVIL DISOB$I5CE TO BECOME CRIM9ALS1 AS ! ABSOLUTI/ >GUM5T AGA9/ CIVIL DISOB$I5CE IMPLICITLY SUGGE/S1 OR WILL ! ACT ( CIVIL DISOB$I5CE LEAD !M TO EXPLORE ! SOCIAL CONSEQU5CES ( !IR [N SIL5CE & DOCILITY8 

,WILL ! ACT ( CIVIL DISOB$I5CE S]VE TO DIRECT ATT5TION TO ! ACTION ITSELF & AWAY FROM ITS 5DS1 OR WILL IT HELP TO OV]COME ! NATURAL T5D5CY TO LET UNPLEASANT MATT]S REC$E FROM VIEW & TO TRU/ 9 AU?ORITY8 

,WILL ! ACTS ( CIVIL DISOB$I5CE 5ABLE ! EXECUTIVE BRAN* ( ! GOV]NM5T1 :I* IS COMMITT$ TO PURSU+ ITS HORR5D\S 7&1 IT CAN BE P]SUASIVELY >GU$1 CRIM9AL7 ACTIONS 9 ,9DO*9A1 TO MOBILIZE SEGM5TS ( ! POPULATION 9 SUPPORT ( DOME/IC REPRESSION & 9T]NATIONAL VIOL5CE1 OR WILL !SE ACTS CONTRIBUTE TO A G5]AL DI/A/E = ! W> & ITS EFFECTS8 

,!SE >E SOME ( ! QUE/IONS ?AT MU/ BE ASK$ BY ?OSE CONTEMPLAT+ P>TICUL> ACTS ( CIVIL DISOB$I5CE4 ,NO D\BT !Y >E H>D QUE/IONS1 9VOLV+ UNC]TA9 JUDGM5TS4 ,BUT APPEALS TO ! ABSOLUTE 9VIOLABILITY ( ! LAW DO NOT ANSW] !M1 ANY MORE ?AN DOES A RESORT TO ?OSE ALLEG$ PR9CIPLES ( DEMOCRACY :I* REQUIRE ! ,VIETNAMESE TO SUFF] ! CONSEQU5CES ( ! FAILURE ( \R 9/ITUTIONS1 \R C\RAGE1 OR \R DEC5CY4 

,AS ,M>Y ,MC,GRORY CORRECTLY OBS]V$1 ! ,MAYDAY DEMON/RATORS ASK$ ONLY ?AT PEOPLE REMEMB] ?AT IT WAS ! W> ?AT BR\<T !M !RE4 ,?OSE :OM ,I MET FELT ?AT !Y W]E VIOLAT+ TRAFFIC ORD9ANCES 9 AN EF=T TO PREV5T VA/ & CONT9U+ CRIM9AL ACTS4 ,9 CONTRA/1 ,TIME ,MAGAZ9E CLAIMS ?AT3 

444SOME ( ! ANTIW> RADICALS1 AS IF FROM LONG HABIT ( ALI5ATION & MORE ?AN A T\* ( EGOC5TRICITY1 SEEM 9T5T ON FOCUS+ ANGRY ATT5TION UPON !MSELVES 9/EAD ( ON ! BATTLE !Y MEAN TO 5D4449 :AT ALMO/ SEEM$ A WILLFULLY SELF-DEFEAT+ GE/URE1 ! DEMON/RATORS DIV]T$ PUBLIC ATT5TION FROM ! W> ISSUE TO ! ISSUE ( !IR [N CONDUCT1 !REBY DIM9I%+ RA!R ?AN GA9+ 9FLU5CE &1 = A TIME AT LEA/1 CL\D+ ! FUTURE ( ANTIW> EF=TS4.<#d#f.> 

,ACCORD+ TO ,CALI=NIA ,S5ATOR ,JOHN ,TUNNEY1 ! 0FOOLI% & USELESS ACTS0 ( ! DEMON/RATORS 0WELL MI<T HAVE RU9$ SEV]AL MON?S ( H>D WORK BY ! REAL ADVOCATES ( PEACE40.<#d#g.> ,TO ,HU< ,SIDEY1 0,! PRESSURE ( PUBLIC OP9ION DRAW+ ! ,PRESID5T T[>D ! 5D ( ! W> HAS BE5 DEFLECT$ BY WITLESSNESS40 ,BECAUSE ( ! 0SC5ES 9 ,WA%+TON10 IT MAY BE 0?AT ! W> WILL GO JU/ A BIT LONG] ?AN IT MI<T HAVE O!RWISE40.<#d#h.> 

,MY IMPRESSIONS >E QUITE DIFF]5T4 ,I D\BT ?AT ,TIME & ,LIFE W\LD HAVE DEVOT$ TO ! W> ! SPACE ?AT !Y GAVE TO ! ,MAYDAY DEMON/RATIONS4 ,TO ME1 ! DEMON/RATORS G5]ALLY SEEM$ NEI!R ALI5AT$ NOR EGOC5TRIC1 BUT RA!R D$ICAT$ TO 5D+ ! W> & WILL+ TO ACCEPT PA9 & ANNOYANCE IF NECESS>Y--!RE >E1 AFT] ALL1 MORE PLEASANT WAYS TO SP5D A SPR+ DAY ?AN DODG+ POLICEM52 & TE> GAS1 MACE1 CLUBS1 & JAIL >E NOT QUITE ! L>K ?AT SOME $ITORIAL WRIT]S SEEM TO ?9K4 

,I DO NOT KN[ :OM ,S5ATOR ,TUNNEY HAS 9 M9D :5 HE SPEAKS ( 0! REAL ADVOCATES ( PEACE0 OR :AT ACCOMPLI%M5TS ( !IRS HE FEELS MAY HAVE BE5 RU9$1 OR JU/ H[ !Y HAVE BE5 RU9$4 ,SIDEY'S ASSUMPTION ?AT ! ,PRESID5T IS 5D+ ! W> IS AB\T AS P]SUASIVE AS HIS CLAIM ?AT PUBLIC OP9ION1 =M$ BY ! MASS M$IA1 IS ! MA9 FACTOR =C+ ! ,PRESID5T 9 ?IS DIRECTION1 OR HIS FUR!R CLAIM ?AT ! ,P5TAGON M>* ( #a#i#f#g1 = EXAMPLE1 HELP$ TO EASE PRESSURE ON ! ,:ITE ,H\SE TO 5D ! W> MORE QUICKLY1 OR HIS BELIEF ?AT IT WAS #e1 PROTE/]S1 0PLEAD+ RA!R ?AN ?REAT5+10 :O 0BR\<T A N]V\S ,NIXON \T AT DAWN TO ! ,L9COLN ,MEMORIAL0 AFT] ! ,CAMBODIA 9VASION 7HE OMITS M5TION ( ! NATION-WIDE /UD5T /RIKE & O!R EV5TS ?AT FOLL[$74 

,9 RETROSPECT1 IT SEEMS MORE PLAUSIBLE ?AT ! ,P5TAGON DEMON/RATIONS ( #a#i#f#g1 ) ! ?REAT ( FUR!R DISRUPTION1 W]E A FACTOR 9 LEAD+ TO A *ANGE 9 /RATEGY AFT] ! ,TET (F5SIVE4 ,! BELIEF ?AT ! C\NTRY W\LD BE TORN AP>T BY OV]T ESCALATION WAS SURELY A FACTOR 9 ! DECISION NOT TO S5D AN ADDITIONAL #b1 TROOPS TO ,VIETNAM1 & TO READJU/ ! BOMB+ 9 ,9DO*9A4.<#d#i.> ,9 ! PRES5T CASE1 IT SEEMS TO ME ?AT ,RI*>D ,/R\T IS CORRECT1 9 ! COMM5TS ,I QUOT$ E>LI]1 9 PO9T+ \T ?AT ,CONGRESSIONAL ACTIVITY AGA9/ ! W> 9CREAS$ AFT] ! DEMON/RATIONS2 ?\< IT WILL LIKELY %R9K AGA9 TO 9SIGNIFICANCE AFT] !IR IMPACT IS =GOTT54 

,! ,PRESID5T APPE>S TO BE COMMITT$ TO W9N+ A MILIT>Y VICTORY1 & HE CAN EXPECT A SUFFICI5T DEGREE ( COMPLICITY ON ! P>T ( ! C\RTS1 ,CONGRESS1 & A CONSID]ABLE P>T ( ! POPULATION1 = ! REASONS ALREADY \TL9$4 ,IF ?IS IS REASONABLE1 !N WE MU/ RECONSID] ! EV5TS 9 ,WA%+TON 7P>TICUL>LY ,MAYDAY71 ! GOV]NM5T REACTION1 & ! POSSIBLE LONG]-RUN SIGNIFICANCE ( !SE EV5TS4 

,SOME #a#e1 PEOPLE1 MO/--?\< NOT ALL--Y\NG1 TRI$ TO DISRUPT ! NORMAL FUNCTION+ ( ! F$]AL GOV]NM5T ON ,MONDAY1 ,MAY #c1 MA9LY BY M>*+ OR BY SITT+ OR /&+ 9 ! WAY ( TRAFFIC4 ,! DEMON/RATIONS W]E DEC5TRALIZ$ & LEAD]LESS4 ,?IS WAS 9 P>T 9H]5T 9 !IR NATURE2 & 9 P>T A CONSEQU5CE ( ! GOV]NM5T'S DECISION TO DISP]SE ! DEMON/RATORS ON ,MAY #b1 ?US PREV5T+ COORD9ATION & PLANN+ MEET+S ! DAY BE=E4 

,I MYSELF FELT ?AT A M>* ON ! ,P5TAGON OR ON ! ,:ITE ,H\SE1 NATURAL T>GETS = ANTIW> PROTE/1 W\LD HAVE BE5 PREF]ABLE4 ,:E!R ?IS W\LD HAVE BE5 RI<T OR WRONG1 IT IS IMPORTANT TO REMEMB] ?AT ! GOV]NM5T W\LD NOT P]MIT !SE TACTICS4 ,ON ! MORN+ ( ,MAY #c1 \R SMALL GR\P JO9$ ) O!RS AT ! ,WA%+TON ,MONUM5T = A M>* TO ! ,P5TAGON ORGANIZ$ BY ! ,PEOPLES ,COALITION = ,PEACE & ,JU/ICE4 ,AN E>LY GR\P WAS DISP]S$ F> %ORT ( ! ,P5TAGON BY TE> GAS--IT WAS !N ?AT ,DR4 ,SPOCK WAS >RE/$--& A SECOND WAS DISP]S$ BY =CE ON ! ,MONUM5T GR\NDS4 ,REPEAT$LY1 GR\PS ?AT ATTEMPT$ PASSIVE CIVIL DISOB$I5CE W]E DISP]S$ BY =CE & TURN$ TO MORE MOBILE TACTICS4 ,= A FEW H\RS ,WA%+TON HAD ! ASPECT ( A T[N UND] SIEGE2 ?IS SEEMS TO ME TO HAVE BE5 A LEGITIMATE A*IEVEM5T1 9 VIEW ( ! WAY 9 :I* ! F$]AL GOV]NM5T IS DEAL+ ) ! W> ISSUE4 

,OBS]V]S G5]ALLY AGREE ?AT ! DEMON/RATIONS W]E FOCUS$ CLE>LY ON ! OP]ATIONS ( ! GOV]NM5T4 ,!RE WAS LITTLE IF ANY R&OM VIOL5CE OR 0TRA%+40 ,!RE W]E REPORTS ?AT POLICEM5 W]E 9JUR$ & ONE *>GE HAS BE5 MADE AGA9/ A WELL-KN[N PACIFI/ = HITT+ A POLICEMAN2 BUT ,I HAVE SE5 NO EVID5CE ( ATTACKS ON 9DIVIDUAL POLICEM5 7:O C\LD1 9 MANY CASES1 HAVE BE5 OV]:ELM$ BY A L>GE CR[D ( DEMON/RATORS74 ,!RE WAS LITTLE SPILLOV] TO RESID5TIAL >EAS1 EXCEPT UND] POLICE PRESSURE--AP>T FROM :AT ! PRESS REF]S TO AS 0! FA%IONABLE RESID5TIAL DI/RICT0 ( ,GEORGET[N4 

,SOME TIRES W]E SLA%$ & C>S DISABL$4 ,MANY /REETS W]E BLOCK$ ) TRA% CANS & EV5 SMALL C>S W]E MOV$ BY DEMON/RATORS4 ,BUT = ! MO/ P>T1 ! DISRUPTIONS W]E CAUS$ BY PEOPLE SITT+ OR /&+ 9 ! /REETS4 ,! GOV]NM5T WAS1 ( C\RSE1 NOT /OPP$ 7,I D\BT ?AT MANY ( ! DEMON/RATORS ?\<T ?AT IT W\LD BE74 ,:E!R OR NOT ,WA%+TON WAS 0ON ! ROPES10 AS ,NI*OLAS VON ,H(FMAN REPORT$1 !RE IS NO D\BT ?AT ! DEMON/RATION HAD A REAL EFFECT ON ! CITY & ITS POPULATION4 

,H[ DID ! LOCAL POPULATION RESPOND8 ,ONE CAN1 ( C\RSE1 REPORT ONLY SCATT]$ IMPRESSIONS4 ,ACCORD+ TO A REPORT 9 ,NEWSWEEK1 ! DEMON/RATORS 0HAD ANTAGONIZ$ MO/ ( ! LOCAL CITIZ5RY & WON ! SYMPA?IES ( ONLY A FEW40 ,I HESITATE TO G5]ALIZE FROM ! LIMIT$ EVID5CE AVAILABLE1 BUT MY IMPRESSION ONCE AGA9 WAS SOME:AT DIFF]5T4 

,MY IMPRESSION WAS ?AT WELL-DRESS$ PEOPLE D[NT[N W]E L>GELY HO/ILE & !Y MAY HAVE REFLECT$ ! IMM$IATE FEEL+S ( O!R MIDDLE-CLASS RESID5TS4 ,ON ! O!R H&1 !RE W]E MANY 9/ANCES ( SYMPA!TIC RESPONSES4 ,= EXAMPLE1 :5 MY GR\P ( EI<T TRI$ TO REA* ! ,WA%+TON ,MONUM5T BE=E #f ,A,M1 TWO PEOPLE ON !IR WAY TO WORK /OPP$ TO (F] US A LIFT1 PIL$ US 9TO !IR C>1 & DROVE US TO ! ,MONUM5T1 OBVI\SLY RISK+ POLICE H>ASSM5T4 ,!Y /RONGLY SUPPORT$ ! DEMON/RATION1 AS DID ! TAXI DRIV] :O TOOK SEV]AL ( US TO ! AIRPORT & :O EV5 (F]$ SOME SUGGE/IONS = MORE EFFECTIVE TACTICS4 ,!SE SYMPA?IZ]S1 9CID5TALLY1 W]E LOCAL BLACK RESID5TS 7#g P]C5T ( ! POPULATION ( ,WA%+TON IS BLACK74 

,I HAVE HE>D SIMIL> REPORTS FROM O!R DEMON/RATORS4 ,ACCORD+ TO ! PRESS1 ! ONLY FOOD GIV5 TO MANY ( ?OSE JAIL$ WAS BR\<T 0BY *UR* GR\PS & MEMB]S ( ! BLACK COMMUNITY40.<#e.> ,A SMALL SAMPLE1 NO D\BT1 BUT ,I HAVE HE>D NO CONTR>Y VIEWS4 ,?\< ! PURPOSE ( ! DEMON/RATION WAS NOT TO W9 ! SYMPA?Y ( ! LOCAL RESID5TS1 POSSIBLY L>GE NUMB]S ( !M DID SYMPA?IZE ) ! DEMON/RATION4 ,IF SO1 ! DISCIPL9E ( ! DEMON/RATORS1 :I* ,I ?\< IMPRESSIVE = ! MO/ P>T1 SURELY CONTRIBUT$ TO ?IS1 AS DID ! TREATM5T ( ! DEMON/RATORS BY ! POLICE4 

,AS ,I HAVE ALREADY NOT$1 MANY DEMON/RATORS ATTEMPT$ TO C>RY \T CIVIL DISOB$I5CE ( ! PASSIVE & CONV5TIONAL TYPE3 SIT D[N & BE >RE/$4 ,O!RS1 MO/LY Y\NG1 ATTEMPT$ 0MOBILE TACTICS03 DISRUPT TRAFFIC & !N ESCAPE4 ,! FIR/ TYPE ( CIVIL DISOB$I5CE IS JU/ BEYOND ! M>G9S ( /RICT LEGALITY4 ,! SECOND GOES A /EP FUR!R T[>D 0PUNI%M5T BY TUMULTS & 9SURRECTIONS40 

,9 ! DAYS PREC$+ ,MAYDAY1 MANY PEOPLE W]E >RE/$1 SOME REPEAT$LY1 9 CONV5TIONAL CIVIL DISOB$I5CE1 9CLUD+ MORE ?AN #a VET]ANS1 SOME ( :OM /ILL FACE S]I\S *>GES4 ,! GOV]NM5T WAS RELUCTANT TO USE =CE AGA9/ ! VET]ANS1 & !RE W]E REPORTS ?AT ! POLICE & ! TROOPS ( ! #h#bND ,AIRBORNE ,DIVISION W\LD NOT HAVE BE5 RELIABLE HAD =CE BE5 ATTEMPT$4 ,! VET]ANS 9 ,WA%+TON EVOK$ WIDESPREAD & DES]V$ SYMPA?Y & >E CLE>LY A NEW & DRAMATIC =CE 9 ! PEACE MOVEM5T4 

,DUR+ ! LA/ WEEK ( ,APRIL1 :5 HUNDR$S GA!R$ 9 PROTE/ AT GOV]NM5T BUILD+S1 !RE W]E AGA9 FAIRLY PEACEFUL & LEGAL >RE/S4 ,ON ,MAY #d1 ! DAY AFT] ! FIR/ ,MAYDAY DEMON/RATIONS1 SEV]AL ?\S& DEMON/RATORS M>*$ TO ! ,JU/ICE ,DEP>TM5T & MANY W]E >RE/$1 )\T UNDUE VIOL5CE1 ACCORD+ TO REPORTS4 ,ON ,MAY #e1 MORE W]E >RE/$ ON ! /EPS ( ! ,CAPITOL BUILD+4 ,IT CAN BE REASONABLY >GU$ ?AT !Y W]E 5GAG$ 9 PEACEFUL ASSEMBLY ) A NUMB] ( CONGRESSM5 :O HAD 9VIT$ !M TO APPE>1 & ?AT ! >RE/S W]E ANO!R EX]CISE ( ILLEGAL AU?ORITY4 

,BUT ,MAY #c WAS DIFF]5T 9 SCALE & *>ACT]4 ,!RE W]E MANY MORE DEMON/RATORS1 & !Y ANN\NC$ ?AT !IR GOAL WAS TO PREV5T ! ORD]LY FUNCTION ( ! GOV]NM5T BY M>*+ TO ! ,P5TAGON & DISRUPT+ TRAFFIC AT DESIGNAT$ & C>EFULLY *OS5 9T]SECTIONS1 ALSO ANN\NC$ 9 ADVANCE4 ,! GOV]NM5T REACTION WAS 9/RUCTIVE4 ,! PASSIVE GR\PS ( DEMON/RATORS W]E DISP]S$ BY =CE4 ,SO F> AS ,I C\LD SEE1 ! POLICE REFUS$ TO >RE/ ! DEMON/RATORS1 9 EFFECT =ECLOS+ ! OPTION ( PASSIVE CIVIL DISOB$I5CE AT DESIGNAT$ PO9TS4 ,ONLY A SA9T CAN SIT QUIETLY 9 ! PA? ( A SPE$+ POLICE C> OR :5 A CANI/] ( ,C,S EXPLODES 9 HIS FACE4 

,! ,P5TAGON M>* WAS B>ELY ABLE TO BEG94 ,E>LY 9 ! DEMON/RATION1 ,I WAS ) A GR\P :I* 9CLUD$ PEOPLE :O HAVE = MANY YE>S BE5 D$ICAT$ TO PASSIVE NONVIOL5T CIVIL DISOB$I5CE4 ,I SAW NONE ( !M >RE/$1 ?\< IT WAS C]TA9 ?AT !Y W\LD HAVE 9 NO WAY RESI/$ >RE/4 ,RA!R1 !Y W]E DISP]S$ BY =CE ON ! /REETS OR SIDEWALKS OR P>K GR\NDS4 ,LAT] 9 ! MORN+1 AFT] ! DEMON/RATIONS W]E VIRTUALLY 5D$1 WE SAW A GR\P ( Y\NG PEOPLE S++ ON A /REET CORN] 7& BLOCK+ P$E/RIAN TRAFFIC74 ,!Y1 TOO1 W]E DRIV5 (F BY CLUB-SW++ POLICEM5 :O REFUS$ TO >RE/ !M1 ?\< !Y GAVE NO SIGN ( RESI/ANCE4 

,!RE W]E MANY SIMIL> 9CID5TS4 ,A PICTURE 9 ,LIFE ,MAGAZ9E 7,MAY #a#d7 %[+ ! ,DEPUTY ,*IEF ( ,POLICE MAC+ 7NOT >RE/+7 A GR\P ( PASSIVE DEMON/RATORS SITT+ NE> ! CURB IS TYPICAL ( :AT WE SAW 9 V>I\S P>TS ( ! CITY4 ,! ORD] WAS GIV5 TO MAKE MASS >RE/S--#g1#b W]E >RE/$ ON ,MONDAY 7,MAY #c7 ALONE4 ,BUT AS HAS BE5 WIDELY REPORT$1 !SE W]E L>GELY A =M ( PREV5TIVE DET5TION1 SO BLATANTLY ILLEGAL ?AT MO/ ( ?OSE >RE/$ HAD TO BE RELEAS$4 

,! POLICE TACTICS ( DISP]SAL BY =CE & >BITR>Y MASS >RE/1 ?\< NOT UNEXPECT$1 W]E CLE>LY UNLAWFUL4 ,AFT] ! LAT] DEMON/RATION 9 ,BO/ON ON ,MAY #f1 ! EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR ( ! ,MASSA*USETTS ,CIVIL ,LIB]TIES ,UNION PO9T$ \T ?AT 0POLICE HAVE ! P[] TO >RE/ ?OSE :O BREAK ! LAW4 ,!Y DO NOT HAVE ! RI<T TO BEAT PEOPLE :5 !RE IS NO RESI/ANCE40.<#e#a.> ,NOR DO !Y HAVE ! RI<T TO RUN D[N PEOPLE ) POLICE C>S4 ,DO ! POLICE HAVE ! LEGAL RI<T TO ATTACK P]SONS :O >E NOT RESI/+ >RE/ 7OR M]ELY /&+ ON ! SIDEWALK7 ) MACE & TE> GAS8 ,I D\BT IT4 ,?\< ! DEGREE ( =CE & BRUTALITY WAS F> FROM ?AT (1 SAY1 ,*ICAGO1 #a#i#f#h1 IT WAS SURELY WELL BEYOND ! B\NDS ( LAW4 

,?AT ! >RE/S !MSELVES W]E ILLEGAL ! C\RTS QUICKLY DET]M9$4 ,A REPORT] HE>D A POLICE (FIC] GIVE AN ORD] TO 0>RE/ ANYONE ?AT LOOKS LIKE A DEMON/RATOR02 ! ORD]1 %E OBS]VES1 WAS QUICKLY OBEY$4.<#e#b.> ,H5RY ,ALL51 AN ASSI/ANT NEWS $ITOR ( ! ,WA%+TON ,PO/1 WAS ILLEGALLY >RE/$ & SP5T TW5TY-ONE H\RS 9 CU/ODY4.<#e#c.> ,H[>D ,Z9N WAS >RE/$ ON ,MAY #d :5 HE ASK$ A POLICEMAN :Y HE WAS BEAT+ A LONG-HAIR$ Y\NG MAN :O WAS SIMPLY WALK+ ON A SIDEWALK1 ) NO DEMON/RATION 9 SI<T4 ,?IS SET (F A *A9 REACTION4 ,A MAN TAK+ A PHOTOGRAPH WAS >RE/$1 !N TWO O!RS :O /OPP$ TO WAT* 7ALL ?REE Y\NG &1 BY !IR LOOKS1 POSSIBLE DEMON/RATORS74 ,!SE W]E TYPICAL 9CID5TS4 

,F9ALLY1 ! CONDITIONS ( TREATM5T AFT] ! >RE/S W]E UNLAWFUL4 ,JUDGE ,JAMES ,BELSON ( ! ,SUP]IOR ,C\RT RUL$ AFT] OBS]V+ SOME ( !SE CONDITIONS ?AT !Y CON/ITUT$ 0CRUEL & UNUSUAL PUNI%M5T40.<#e#d.> ,!RE >E NUM]\S REPORTS ( PEOPLE =C$ 9TO T9Y1 NE>LY SUFFOCAT+ CELLS = H\RS1 & MANY W]E DEPRIV$ ( M9IMAL /&>DS ( C>E & SUBJECT$ TO CONSID]ABLE ABUSE4 ,H[>D ,Z9N SP5T ! DAY ) AS MANY AS TW5TY O!R PEOPLE 9 A CELL DESIGN$ = ONE P]SON4 ,= SIX H\RS !Y /OOD 9 A POOL ( WAT] SEV]AL 9*ES DEEP4 7,AFT] A DI/URBANCE ! POLICE HAD HOS$ D[N SEV]AL CELLS47 ,MANY O!RS HAVE SIMIL> /ORIES TO TELL4 ,YET SPIRITS & MORALE REMA9$ HI<1 & MANY RETURN$ FROM JAIL OR COMP\NDS TO BE >RE/$ AGA9 9 SUBSEQU5T DEMON/RATIONS4 

,! POLICE /RATEGY ( ILLEGAL =CE & ILLEGAL >RE/ WAS REPORT$LY DEVELOP$ 9 CONJUNCTION ) ! ,JU/ICE ,DEP>TM5T1.<#e#e.> & ,JU/ICE ,DEP>TM5T (FICIALS >E REPORT$ TO CONC$E ?AT UP TO #h P]C5T ( ! >RE/S W]E UNCON/ITUTIONAL4.<#e#f.> ,!RE HAS BE5 CRITICISM1 SOME ( IT FROM ,CONGRESS 7BY ,S5ATOR ,K5N$Y1 = EXAMPLE71 ( ! ILLEGAL >RE/S2 BUT NONE1 TO MY KN[L$GE1 ( ! ILLEGAL USE ( =CE4 ,PRESID5T ,NIXON IS SAID TO BE 0TOTALLY SATISFI$0 ) ! H&L+ ( ! DEMON/RATIONS4.<#e#g.> 

,! ,JU/ICE ,DEP>TM5T & POLICE HAD A *OICE3 TO KEEP ! TRAFFIC FL[+ OR TO OBEY ! LAW1 ACCEPT+ ! TRAFFIC DELAY ?AT W\LD HAVE RESULT$ FROM LEGAL >RE/4 ,IT COMES AS NO SURPRISE ?AT ! AU?ORITIES DECID$ TO DISREG>D ! LAW4 

,I,V 

,H5RY ,ALL5 WAS IMPRESS$1 :ILE 9 JAIL1 BY 0! T\<1 ALMO/ AMUS$ CYNICISM ( PEOPLE :O >E NO LONG] SURPRIS$ ?AT O!R ,AM]ICANS WILL SWEEP !M (F ! /REETS ON *>GES SO RIDICUL\S ?AT NO ONE EV5 BO!R$ TO LAU< AT !M40 ,BUT ONLY ! NAIVE >E SURPRIS$1 !SE DAYS1 AT ! F> MORE S]I\S MATT] ( BRUTALITY & EXCESSIVE =CE4 ,CONTR>Y TO MANY REPORTS 9 ! PRESS1 ?OSE SUBJECT$ TO ILLEGAL =CE1 ILLEGAL >RE/1 OR ILLEGAL DET5TION DID NOT APPE> TO BE 09DIGNANT :5 .<! SY/EM FAIL$.> TO PROTECT !IR RI<TS40.<#e#h.> 

,MU* MORE OM9\S1 !IR REACTION WAS ! AMUS$ CYNICISM NOT$ BY ,H5RY ,ALL54 ,?IS SUGGE/S GR[+ CONTEMPT = ! 9/ITUTIONS ( ,AM]ICAN SOCIETY1 CONTEMPT 9SPIR$ BY ! HYPOCRISY1 ! LIES1 ! RESORT TO BRUTE =CE ON ! P>T ( ! ,ADM9I/RATION1 :I* SEEMS 9T5T ON DEMON/RAT+--9 A TRIVIAL WAY 9 ,WA%+TON & ON A VA/ SCALE 9 ,9DO*9A--?AT IT REG>DS ! LAW AS AN 9/RUM5T = ITS PURPOSES1 NOT AS A PR9CIPLE TO BE UPHELD4 ,BY SO DO+1 IT IS PREP>+ ! GR\ND EI!R = FUR!R TUMULTS & 9SURRECTIONS1 OR ELSE = A /ILL MORE DANG]\S SUBMISSION TO :AT ,?OMAS ,JEFF]SON CALL$ 0ELECTIVE DESPOTISM40 

,?IS CONTEMPT = LAW ALSO APPE>S 9 PRESS COMM5T>Y4 ,! ,NEW ,REPUBLIC $ITORIAL COMM5T CONSID]S IT 0P>ADOXICAL0 ?AT DEMON/RATORS %\LD BE 09DIGNANT0 :5 !IR RI<TS >E D5I$1 & ! ,*RI/IAN ,SCI5CE ,MONITOR COMM5TS $ITORIALLY ON ! 0IRONIES 9 ! SITUATION0 AS 0DEMON/RATORS :O S\<T TO SUSP5D ! PROCESS ( LAW & IMPOSE AN>*Y ON ,WA%+TON >E N[ DEM&+ ! PROTECTION ( LAW40.<#e#i.> 

,?IS REM>KABLE VIEW SEEMS TO BE WIDELY HELD4 ,IS IT ALSO 0IRONIC0 OR 0P>ADOXICAL0 = ! MURD]] ( DOZ5S ( ,VIETNAMESE CIVILIANS TO EXPECT ! FULL PROTECTION ( ! LAW8 ,IF ,PRESID5T ,NIXON W]E TO BE *>G$ ) W> CRIMES1 %\LD HE FIR/ BE BEAT5 BLOODY BY >RE/+ (FIC]S8 ,9 FACT1 IF AN EMBEZZL]1 A BURGL>1 OR A MURD]] CAU<T 9 ! ACT W]E SUBJECT$ TO ! ABUSE & VIOL5CE DIRECT$ AS A MATT] ( C\RSE AGA9/ A P]SON VIOLAT+ TRAFFIC ORD9ANCES TO PROTE/ ! W>1 ! PRESS & PUBLIC W\LD BE APPALL$ BY ?IS SAVAG]Y4 ,BUT !RE IS SLI<T ATT5TION :5 ?OSE COMMITT+ ?IS CRIME >E BRAVE & DEC5T Y\NG PEOPLE1 ) NO ?\<T ( P]SONAL GA91 :O >E SIMPLY DEMON/RAT+ !IR COMMITM5T TO 5D A MIS]ABLE1 CRIM9AL W>4 ,?OSE :O >E ATTRACT$ BY IRONIES & P>ADOXES W\LD DO BETT] TO LOOK H]E4 

,! ,BO/ON DEMON/RATIONS FOLL[$ A SIMIL> PATT]N4.<#f.> ,ON ,MAY #e1 SOME #b#e1 DEMON/RATORS GA!R$ ON ! ,BO/ON ,COMMON4 ,! FOLL[+ MORN+1 SEV]AL ?\S& ATTEMPT$ TO BLOCK ACCESS TO ! ,F$]AL ,BUILD+ 9 D[NT[N ,BO/ON4 ,!RE WAS NO H9T ( VIOL5CE1 NOR WAS !RE RESI/ANCE TO >RE/ OR EV5 TO POLICE ATTACKS4 ,APP>5TLY1 A FAIRLY FRI5DLY RELATION%IP DEVELOP$ BETWE5 POLICE & DEMON/RATORS4 ,NEV]!LESS1 ! (FICIAL POLICY WAS TO REFUSE TO >RE/ BUT 9/EAD TO C>RY \T REPEAT$ ATTACKS AGA9/ PASSIVE DEMON/RATORS1 )\T PROVOCATION & )\T PURPOSE BEYOND ?AT ( T]RORIZ+ ! P>TICIPANTS4 ,ONCE AGA91 IT WASN'T ,*ICAGO1 BUT IT WAS BAD 5\<4 ,& ONCE AGA91 ! PRESS TOOK LITTLE NOTICE & ! CIVIL AU?ORITIES 7! MAYOR 9 ?IS CASE7 PRAIS$ ! POLICE = !IR DECORUM & RE/RA9T4 ,S9CE !RE WAS NO PO9T TO PREV5TIVE DET5TION1 !RE W]E NO MASS >RE/S AS 9 ,WA%+TON4 ,BUT ?OSE >RE/$ 7MORE ?AN #a7 REPORT BRUTAL BEAT+S UND] POLICE CU/ODY4 

,ONE ( ?OSE >RE/$ WAS ,H[>D ,Z9N1 PICK$ \T ( ! CR[D BY PLA9CLO!SM51 & R\<$ UP AS HE WAS DRAGG$ (F4 ,Z9N'S P>TICUL> CRIME WAS ?AT HE HAD DELIV]$ AN 9SPIR+ SPEE* ON ! ,BO/ON ,COMMON ! DAY BE=E4 ,! LESSON SEEMS CLE>4 ,SOME OBS]V]S CLOSE BY FELT ?AT ! BRUTALITY ( HIS >RE/ WAS AN EF=T TO PROVOKE VIOL5CE1 S9CE HE WAS HI<LY RESPECT$ & EXTREMELY WELL-LIK$ BY ! O!R DEMON/RATORS4 ,IF SO1 IT FAIL$4 ,9 SPITE ( CONT9U$ PROVOCATION1 ! DEMON/RATORS REMA9$ NONVIOL5T & PASSIVE4 ,AMONG ?OSE KN[N TO READ]S ( ?IS J\RNAL1 ,DANIEL ,ELLSB]G WAS REPEAT$LY CLUBB$1 ON ONE OCCASION AT LEA/1 :ILE TRY+ TO PROTECT ANO!R DEMON/RATOR FROM POLICE BL[S4 ,ONE Y\NG DEMON/RATOR HAD HIS H& BROK5 BY A POLICE CLUB4 ,AFT] BE+ RELEAS$ FROM ! HOSPITAL1 HE RETURN$ TO ! DEMON/RATION1 HIS FIR/1 9CID5TALLY4 ,FROM ALL REPORTS1 ?IS WAS TYPICAL ( ! SPIRIT ( ! DEMON/RATION1 AS IT WAS 9 ,WA%+TON4 

,! POLICE TACTICS 9 ,BO/ON1 LIKE ?OSE 9 ,WA%+TON1 NATURALLY T5D TO DISC\RAGE PASSIVE NONVIOL5T CIVIL DISOB$I5CE4 ,9 ,WA%+TON1 ! EFFECT WAS TO BR+ MANY PEOPLE TO ADOPT ! MOBILE TACTICS ( ! MORE 0MILITANT0 GR\PS :O W]E G5]ALLY NONVIOL5T BUT REFUS$ TO SIT PASSIVELY4 ,?IS ( C\RSE RAISES ! LEVEL ( CONFRONTATION & 9CREASES ! ?REAT ( POT5TIAL VIOL5CE4 ,! GOV]NM5T IS ACT+ 9 SU* A WAY AS TO =ECLOSE1 BY VIOL5CE1 ! POSSIBILITY ( UND]TAK+ ACTIONS ?AT >E ON ! BORD] ( LEGALITY4 

,IF ?IS IS 9T5TIONAL1 ONE MI<T >GUE ?AT FROM A N>R[ PO9T ( VIEW IT IS RATIONAL1 = PASSIVE NONVIOL5T CIVIL DISOB$I5CE MI<T APPEAL TO L>GE NUMB]S ( PEOPLE WILL+ TO ACCEPT A MEASURE ( RISK & DISCOM=T TO F9D SOME EFFECTIVE WAY TO EXPRESS !IR COMMITM5T TO 5D+ ! W>4 ,A HEAL?Y DEMOCRACY W\LD /RIVE TO KEEP ?IS OPTION OP54 ,9 ! PRES5T 9/ANCE1 ACTIONS ( ?IS SORT MI<T 5ORM\SLY B5EFIT ,AM]ICAN SOCIETY1 NOT TO SPEAK ( ,9DO*9A1 BY HELP+ TO BR+ ! W> TO AN 5D4 ,H[EV]1 :5 ! GOV]NM5T IS COMMITT$ TO POLICIES ?AT IT CAN NO LONG] DEF5D 7H5CE ! UN5D+ & M\NT+ PREV>ICATION7 & ?AT >E 9TOL]ABLE TO MANY CITIZ5S1 9CLUD+ EV5 MANY ( ITS [N SOLDI]S1 IT IS LIKELY TO CLOSE (F EFFECTIVE *ANNELS ( OPPOSITION :5EV] POSSIBLE1 RESORT+ TO UNLAWFUL VIOL5CE :]E ?IS PROVES NECESS>Y4 

,SUPPOSE ?AT ! ,PRESID5T CONT9UES TO PURSUE ! C\RSE ( MILIT>Y VICTORY 9 ,9DO*9A & ?AT ,CONGRESS FAILS TO ACT4 ,!N ?OSE :O WI% TO 5D ! W> CAN SUBMIT & ACCEPT DEFEAT1 OR CONT9UE TO EXPOSE !MSELVES TO POLICE T]ROR 9 ACTS ( PASSIVE CIVIL DISOB$I5CE1 OR RAISE ! LEVEL ( CONFRONTATION4 ,MANY POSSIBILITIES WILL SURELY OCCUR TO ?OSE :O CONSID] ! LA/ C\RSE4 ,IT IS A V]Y DANG]\S C\RSE4 ,! /ATE HAS A NE> MONOPOLY ON MEANS ( VIOL5CE1 & SUPPORT = /ATE VIOL5CE & ELECTIVE DESPOTISM MAY WELL M\NT AS ! LEVEL ( CONFRONTATION RISES4 ,BUT ! ,ADM9I/RATION BY ITS CRIM9AL POLICIES & ,CONGRESS BY ITS WEAKNESS & COMPLICITY MAY LEAVE NO ALT]NATIVE = ?OSE :O REMA9 S]I\SLY COMMITT$ TO HALT+ ! MURD] & DE/RUCTION 9 ,9DO*9A4 

,9 ,APRIL1 #a#i#f#e1 BETWE5 #a#e1 & #b1 PEOPLE CAME TO ,WA%+TON TO LI/5 TO SPEE*ES CRITICIZ+ ! W>4 ,9 ,APRIL1 #a#i#g#a1 HUNDR$S ( ?\S&S HE>D /RONG]1 MORE MILITANT SPEE*ES1 :ILE MORE ?AN #a#e1 TRI$ TO DISRUPT ! NORMAL FUNCTION+ ( ! GOV]NM5T 9 PROTE/ AGA9/ ! CONT9U+ W>4 ,PR$ICTION IS ALWAYS UNC]TA91 ( C\RSE4 ,BUT IS IT IMPOSSIBLE TO IMAG9E ?AT 9 #a#i#g8 HUNDR$S ( ?\S&S WILL M>* ON ,WA%+TON PREP>$ = SOME =M ( CIVIL DISOB$I5CE IF ! W> /ILL CONT9UES OR IS FOLL[$ BY SOME NEW HORROR8 ,SUB/ANTIAL P>TS ( ! POPULATION HAVE %[N ! ]ROR 9 ! ,NIXON-,KISS+] CALCULATION ?AT ! ,AM]ICAN PEOPLE WILL CONSID] ! W> AT AN 5D :5 ,AM]ICAN CASUALTIES DECL9E4 ,! GOV]NM5T HAS APP>5TLY *OS5 TO BLOCK *ANNELS ( PROTE/ ?AT >E JU/ BEYOND ! BORD]S ( LEGALITY4 ,BY ?IS DECISION1 BY ITS CONT9U+ COMMITM5T TO ITS CRIM9AL W>1 IT MAY BR+ AB\T A DOME/IC CRISIS ( 9DET]M9ABLE PROPORTIONS4 

,9 A LETT] TO ! ,S\? ,VIETNAMESE J\RNAL ,T9 ,SANG1 ! WELL-KN[N ,CA?OLIC ,PR(ESSOR ,LY ,*ANH ,TRUNG WRITES1.<#f#a.> 0,AL?\< ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES MAY HAVE BECOME AS /RONG & AS BIG AS AN ELEPHANT1 %E IS BE+ DIRECT$ BY ! BRA9 ( A %RIMP4 ,HEAD ( AN ELEPHANT & BRA9 ( A %RIMP4 ,?AT IS ! TRAG$Y1 NOT JU/ = ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES ALONE1 BUT ALSO = ! :OLE WORLD40 

.<#a.> ,BO/ON ,GLOBE1 ,MAY #i1 #a#i#g#a4 

.<#b.> ,WA%+TON ,PO/1 ,MAY #e1 #a#i#g#a4 

.<#c.> ,BO/ON ,GLOBE1 ,MAY #a1 #a#i#g#a4 

.<#d.> ,LE ,MONDE ,DIPLOMATIQUE1 ,M>*1 #a#i#g#a4 

.<#e.> ,GEORGE ,A%WOR?1 ,*RI/IAN ,SCI5CE ,MONITOR1 ,FEBRU>Y #c1 #a#i#g#a4 

.<#f.> ,ACCORD+ TO ,P5TAGON FIGURES1 BOMB+ TONNAGE FROM ,JANU>Y1 #a#i#f#e1 ?R\< ,M>*1 #a#i#g#a1 AM\NTS TO #e1#g#i#e1#a#f TONS4 ,( ?IS1 #b1#e#i#c1#g#d#c TONS HAVE BE5 DROPP$ DUR+ ! ,NIXON ,ADM9I/RATION4 ,! QUANTITIES & PROPORTIONS = GR\ND TONNAGES >E AB\T ! SAME4 ,= COMP>ISON1 ! ,AM]ICAN AIR =CE 9 ,WORLD ,W> ,I,I DROPP$ SLI<TLY MORE ?AN TWO MILLION TONS ( BOMBS 9 ! ,EUROPEAN1 ,M$IT]RANEAN1 & ,PACIFIC !AT]S COMB9$4 

,ACCORD+ TO ! EXP]T ANALYSIS ( ,F]D ,BRANFMAN1 ,LAOS ALONE--A REGION ! SIZE ( ,NEW ,YORK ,/ATE--HAS PROBABLY RECEIV$ MORE ?AN #b MILLION TONS ( BOMBS1 MO/ S9CE LATE #a#i#f#h2 TE/IMONY BE=E ! AD HOC ,CONGRESSIONAL ,HE>+ 9TO ,U,S ,W> ,CRIMES RESPONSIBILITY1 ,REP4 ,RONALD ,DELLUMS1 *AIRMAN1 ,APRIL #b#i1 #a#i#g#a4 

.<#g.> ,NEW ,REPUBLIC1 ,FEBRU>Y #a#c1 #a#i#g#a2 ,WILLIAM ,BEE*]1 ,NEW ,YORK ,TIMES1 ,JANU>Y #b#f1 #a#i#g#a4 ,ACCORD+ TO ,D5IS ,HEALEY1 ,>,V,N 0ALREADY HAS MORE HELICOPT]S ?AN ANY ( ! ,EUROPEAN ,N,A,T,O >MIES0 7,LONDON ,TIMES1 ,FEBRU>Y #b#a1 #a#i#g#a74 

.<#h.> ,JOHN ,W4 ,F9NEY1 ,NEW ,YORK ,TIMES1 ,MAY #d1 #a#i#g#a4 ,A MEMB] ( A SPECIAL =CES TEAM OP]AT+ 9 ,NOR!RN ,LAOS FROM #aiff /ATES ?AT HE SAW ,B-#e#b RAIDS AT ?AT TIME1 & ?AT FLY+ OV] ! ,PLA9 ( ,J>S 9 #aifh HE SAW ! RU9S ( VILLAGES 9 A ,B-#e#b SATURATION PATT]N ( #g#e-P\ND BOMBS4 ,I WILL NOT REC\NT H]E ! RECORD ( ,ADM9I/RATION CLAIMS1 9 ?IS REG>D1 OR ! GR[+ EVID5CE ?AT !Y >E FABRICATIONS4 

.<#i.> ,NEW ,YORK ,TIMES1 ,DECEMB] #b1 #a#i#g4 

.<#a.> ,BO/ON ,GLOBE1 ,WA%+TON ,PO/1 ,MAY #a#b1 #a#i#g#a4 

.<#a#a.> ,NEW ,YORK ,TIMES1 ,JANU>Y #b#a1 #a#i#g#a4 

.<#a#b.> ,DETAILS >E GIV5 9 AN ,A,F,P REPORT FROM ,HANOI1 ,NEW ,YORK ,TIMES1 ,JANU>Y #b#a1 #a#i#g#a4 ,! REPORTS W]E D5I$ 9 ,WA%+TON4 

.<#a#c.> ,?OMAS ,C4 ,FOX1 ,NEW ,YORK ,TIMES1 ,APRIL #a#d1 #a#i#g#a4 

.<#a#d.> ,NEIL ,%EEHAN1 ,NEW ,YORK ,TIMES1 ,M>* #a#e1 #a#i#g#a4 

.<#a#e.> ,NEW ,YORK ,TIMES1 ,M>* #a#e1 #a#i#g#a4 

.<#a#f.> ,TAD ,SZULC1 ,NEW ,YORK ,TIMES1 ,M>* #a#c1 #a#i#g#a4 

.<#a#g.> ,H5RY ,KAMM1 ,NEW ,YORK ,TIMES1 ,APRIL #a1 #a#i#g#a4 

.<#a#h.> ,BO/ON ,GLOBE1 ,NOVEMB] #b#g1 #a#i#g4 

.<#a#i.> ,*RI/IAN ,SCI5CE ,MONITOR1 ,FEBRU>Y #b#c1 #a#i#g#a4 

.<#b.> ,WILLIAM ,SELOV]1 ,*RI/IAN ,SCI5CE ,MONITOR1 ,APRIL #a1 #a#i#g#a4 

.<#b#a.> ,WILLIAM ,BEE*]1 ,NEW ,YORK ,TIMES1 ,M>* #h1 #a#i#g#a4 

.<#b#b.> ,I KN[ ( NO DETAIL$ ANALYSIS ( ,FR5* TROOP /R5G?1 & !RE >E SOME 9T]NAL 9CONSI/5CIES 9 ! AVAILABLE ACC\NTS4 ,ACCORD+ TO ,JOSEPH ,BUTT+]1 ! ,FR5* ,>MY 0NEV] C\NT$ MORE ?AN #e1 ,FR5* NATIONALS10 SUPPLEM5T$ BY AIR & NAVAL =CES ( AB\T #a#e1 ,FR5* NATIONALS 7,VIETNAM3 A ,DRAGON ,EMBATTL$1 ,PRAEG]1 #a#i#f#g1 VOL4 ,I,I1 P4 #g#f74 ,AS = AIR & HELICOPT] P[]1 ,B]N>D ,FALL WROTE ?AT !RE HAD NEV] BE5 MORE ?AN T5 OP]ATIONAL HELICOPT]S 9 ,9DO*9A UNTIL ,APRIL1 #ai$ 7,/REET )\T ,JOY1 ,/ACKPOLE1 #a#i#f#d1 P4 #b#d#b74 

,ELSE:]E1 HE WROTE ?AT 0! ,FR5* AIRCRAFT TOTAL 9 ALL ( ,9DO*9A--9 ,NOR? & ,S\? ,VIET-,NAM1 ,CAMBODIA1 & ,LAOS--WAS #aab FI<T]S & #fh BOMB]S4 ,?AT IS :AT ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES FLIES 9 A S+LE MISSION40 ,HE ALSO WROTE ?AT 9 ! FIFTY-SIX DAYS ( ! ,DI5BI5PHU BATTLE ! ,FR5* EXP5D$ LESS BOMB P[] ?AN ! ,U,S DOES 9 A S+LE DAY 7,LA/ ,REFLECTIONS ON A ,W>1 ,D\BL$AY1 #a#i#f#g1 P4 #b#c#a4 ,?IS ESSAY WAS ORIG9ALLY WRITT5 AT A TIME :5 ,U,S BOMB+ WAS LESS ?AN HALF ! PRES5T LEVEL74 ,SEE ALSO ,/REET )\T ,JOY1 *APT] #a4 

,9 FACT1 !RE HAVE BE5 ALMO/ AS MANY ,U,S TROOPS FI<T+ ! ,9DO*9A W> FROM ,?AI BASES AS !RE W]E ,FR5* NATIONALS 9 ! 5TIRE ,9DO*9A !AT]1 & ! DE/RUCTIVE =CE AT !IR COMM& WAS ( C\RSE 9COMP>ABLY LESS4 

.<#b#c.> ,A,P1 ,NEW ,YORK ,TIMES1 ,APRIL #a#i1 #a#i#g#a4 

.<#b#d.> ,ITALICS M9E4 ,GEORGE ,A%WOR?1 ,*RI/IAN ,SCI5CE ,MONITOR1 ,NOVEMB] #b#e1 #a#i#g4 ,?IS IS ! G5]AL VIEW4 ,TO M5TION ONE O!R EXAMPLE1 ,ROB]T ,%APL5 QUOTES AN 0EXP]I5C$ ,WE/]N ANALY/10 ,BRIAN ,J5K9S1 :O WROTE 9 ,JULY1 #a#i#f#i1 ?AT 0! MO/ DAMAG+ 9DICTM5T ( \R CONCEPT ( W>F>E IS ?AT \R MILIT>Y SUP]IORITY & SUCCESSES ON ! BATTLEFIELD DO NOT *ALL5GE ! 5EMY'S POLITICAL CONTROL ( ! PEOPLE4440 7,NEW ,YORK]1 ,APRIL #b#d1 #a#i#g#a74 

,! ,AM]ICAN COMM& HAS ALWAYS BE5 AW>E ( ?IS 0PROBLEM40 ,TO CITE ONE EXAMPLE1 A DOCUM5T WRITT5 BY ,U,S,O,M ,FIELD ,COORD9ATOR ,JOHN ,PAUL ,VANN 7,LT4 ,COLONEL1 RETIR$7 9 #aife RECOGNIZES ?AT A SOCIAL REVOLUTION IS UND] WAY 9 ,S\? ,VIETNAM UND] ,COMMUNI/ LEAD]%IP1 & ?AT ! ,G,V,N HAS LITTLE POPUL> APPEAL4 ,BUT HE CONCLUDES ?AT ALL ( ?IS IS IRRELEVANT1 N[ ?AT ,AM]ICAN =CES HAVE BE5 COMMITT$--&1 BESIDES1 ! ,U,S IS SURELY CAPABLE ( LEAD+ ! ,VIETNAMESE SOCIAL REVOLUTION MORE SUCCESSFULLY ?AN ! ,VIETNAMESE ,COMMUNI/S4 ,SEE ,E4,S4 ,H]MAN1 ,AM]ICAN ,REPORT 7WEEKLY ( ,CL]GY & ,LAYM5 ,CONC]N$71 ,MAY #g1 #a#i#g#a1 = FUR!R DOCUM5TATION4 

.<#b#e.> ,GLORIA ,EM]SON1 ,NEW ,YORK ,TIMES1 ,FEBRU>Y #a#g1 #a#i#g#a4 

.<#b#f.> ,NEW ,YORK ,TIMES1 ,APRIL #f1 #a#i#g#a4 ,LUCE1 =M]LY HEAD ( ,I,V,S 9 ,VIETNAM1 HAS N[ BE5 EXPELL$ AFT] ?IRTE5 YE>S ( WORK AS A VOLUNTE] & 7AFT] HIS RESIGNATION 9 PROTE/ AGA9/ ! W>7 AS A J\RNALI/4 

.<#b#g.> ,F> ,EA/]N ,ECONOMIC ,REVIEW1 #aiga ,YE>BOOK1 P4 #b#h4 

.<#b#h.> ,A,P1 ,*RI/IAN ,SCI5CE ,MONITOR1 ,M>* #c1 #a#i#g#a4 

.<#b#i.> ,PHI ,BANG1 ,F> ,EA/]N ,ECONOMIC ,REVIEW1 ,M>* #b#g1 #a#i#g#a4 ,EV] CAUTI\S1 ! ,JAPANESE >E ?9K+ ( PO/W> DEVELOPM5T1 AFT] PROP] CONDITIONS = 9VE/M5T HAVE BE5 E/ABLI%$4 ,SEE ,FRANCOIS ,NIVOLON1 ,F> ,EA/]N ,ECONOMIC ,REVIEW1 ,APRIL #b#d1 #a#i#g#a4 

.<#c.> ,LE ,MONDE WEEKLY $ITION1 ,FEBRU>Y #b#g4 ,PRESUMABLY ?IS REF]S TO ! REPORT BY ,PR(ESSOR ,EMILE ,B5OIT ( ,COLUMBIA M5TION$ BY ,DAVID ,FRANCIS1 ,*RI/IAN ,SCI5CE ,MONITOR1 ,JANU>Y #a#b1 #a#i#g#a4 ,SEE ,M4 ,MORR[1 ,DISPAT* ,NEWS ,S]VICE ,9T]NATIONAL1 ,MAY #d1 #a#i#g#a1 = FUR!R DETAILS4 

.<#c#a.> ,SPEE* TO 7,SAIGON7 ,AM]ICAN ,*AMB] ( ,COMM]CE1 ,DEP>TM5T ( ,/ATE ,BULLET91 ,FEBRU>Y #a#e1 #a#i#g#a4 

.<#c#b.> ,!RE IS NO SPACE = DISCUSSION H]E1 BUT ! ,U,S GOV]NM5T 9VOLVEM5T 9 OPIUM TRAFFIC CAN BE UND]/OOD 9 ! SAME CONTEXT4 ,SEE ,FRANK ,BR[N+ & ,BANN+ ,G>RETT1 0,! ,NEW ,OPIUM ,W>10 ,RAMP>TS1 ,MAY1 #a#i#g#a2 ALSO ,DAVID ,FE+OLD1 0,OPIUM & ,POLITICS 9 ,LAOS10 9 ,N4,S4 ,ADAMS & ,A4,W4 ,MC,COY1 $S41 ,LAOS3 ,W> & ,REVOLUTION 7,H>P] @& ,R[1 #a#i#g74 

.<#c#c.> ,ON ! REC5T ,KOREAN ELECTION1 SEE ! 9=MATIVE ANALYSIS BY ,SELIG ,S4 ,H>RISON1 ,WA%+TON ,PO/1 ,MAY #e1 #a#i#g#a4 

.<#c#d.> ,CONGRESSIONAL ,RECORD1 ,FEBRU>Y #a#h1 #a#i#g#a4 

.<#c#e.> ,*RI/IAN ,SCI5CE ,MONITOR1 ,MAY #h1 #a#i#g#a4 

.<#c#f.> ,M>Y ,MC,GRORY1 ,BO/ON ,GLOBE1 ,MAY #h1 #a#i#g#a4 

.<#c#g.> ,U,P,I1 ,BO/ON ,GLOBE1 ,MAY #h1 #a#i#g#a4 

.<#c#h.> 0,! ,QUAGMIRE ,MY? & ! ,/ALEMATE ,MA*9E10 ,PUBLIC ,POLICY 7,H>V>D71 ,MAY1 #a#i#g#a4 

.<#c#i.> ,BO/ON ,GLOBE1 ,APRIL #f1 #a#i#g#a4 

.<#d.> ,NEW ,YORK ,TIMES ,MAGAZ9E1 ,APRIL #d1 #a#i#g#a4 

.<#d#a.> ,APRIL #i1 #a#i#g#a4 ,SEE ,D]EK ,%E>]1 0,AN ,EV5+ ) ,H5RY10 ,! ,NATION1 ,M>* #h1 #a#i#g#a1 = DIRECT REPORTS ( /ATEM5TS BY ,KISS+] TO ?IS EFFECT4 

.<#d#b.> ,ON ,KISS+]'S !ORIES1 SEE 0,! ,NIXON-,KISS+] ,=EIGN ,POLICY 9 ,!ORY & ,PRACTICE10 BY ! ,WA%+TON ,UNIV]SITY ,=EIGN ,POLICY ,R\NDTABLE1 MIMEOGRAPH$1 #a#i#g#a4 

.<#d#c.> ,MAY #a#e1 #a#i#g#a4 

.<#d#d.> ,I HAVE SE5 NO LIT]ATURE ( ! 0,MAYDAY TRIBES10 BUT ! ,MAYDAY ACTIONS W]E FULLY SUPPORT$ BY ! ,PEOPLES ,COALITION = ,PEACE & ,JU/ICE1 :I* 9CLUD$ PEOPLE ACTIVE 9 ! ,S\!RN ,*RI/IAN ,LEAD]%IP ,CONF]5CE1 ,NATIONAL ,WELF>E ,RI<TS ,ORGANIZATION1 ,AM]ICAN ,FRI5DS ,S]VICE ,COMMITTEE1 ,CL]GY & ,LAYM5 ,CONC]N$1 ,FELL[%IP ( ,RECONCILIATION1 ,WOM5'S ,9T]NATIONAL ,LEAGUE = ,PEACE & ,FRE$OM1 ,W> ,RESI/]S ,LEAGUE1 ,WOM5 ,/RIKE = ,PEACE1 & O!RS4 ,ITS ,MAY ACTIONS W]E TO BE FOCUS$ ON ! ,P5TAGON 7,MAY #c7 & ! ,JU/ICE ,DEP>TM5T 7,MAY #d74 ,IF !RE W]E P>TICIPANTS SO MISGUID$ 9 !IR ANALYSIS ( ,AM]ICAN SOCIETY AS TO CONSID] ,MAYDAY A /EP T[>D OV]?R[+ 0B\RGEOIS SOCIETY0 & ITS 9/ITUTIONS1 !IR PRES5CE & AV[$ 9T5TIONS ESCAP$ MY NOTICE4 

.<#d#e.> ,AM]ICAN ,REPORT1 ,MAY #a#d1 #a#i#g#a4 

.<#d#f.> ,MAY #a#g1 #a#i#g#a4 

.<#d#g.> ,NEWSWEEK1 ,MAY #a#g1 #a#i#g#a4 

.<#d#h.> ,LIFE1 ,MAY #a#g1 #a#i#g#a4 ,?\< ?IS IS1 /RICTLY SPEAK+1 IRRELEVANT TO ! IMPORTANT QUE/IONS ( FACT 9VOLV$1 !SE PROTE/ATIONS MI<T BE MORE CONV9C+ IF !RE W]E A BIT MORE EVID5CE ?AT !IR AU?ORS HAVE 9 FACT BE5 COMMITT$ TO BR++ ! ,AM]ICAN AGGRESSION 9 ,9DO*9A TO AN 5D4 ,SEE ! COMM5TS BY ,NI*OLAS VON ,H(FMAN1 CIT$ ABOVE4 

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.<#e#a.> ,K5 ,BOTWRI<T1 ,BO/ON ,GLOBE1 ,MAY #h1 #a#i#g#a4 

.<#e#b.> ,TRUDY ,RUB91 ,*RI/IAN ,SCI5CE ,MONITOR1 ,MAY #e1 #a#i#g#a4 

.<#e#c.> ,WA%+TON ,PO/1 ,MAY #e1 #a#i#g#a4 

.<#e#d.> ,ROB]T ,SMI?1 ,NEW ,YORK ,TIMES1 ,MAY #h1 #a#i#g#a4 

.<#e#e.> ,B5 ,A4 ,FRANKL91 ,NEW ,YORK ,TIMES1 ,MAY #e1 #a#i#g#a4 ,?IS HAS BE5 D5I$ BY ,ATTORNEY ,G5]AL ,MIT*ELL & ,POLICE ,*IEF ,WILSON4 

.<#e#f.> ,ALAN ,D]%[ITZ1 ,NEW ,YORK ,TIMES1 ,MAY #i1 #a#i#g#a4 

.<#e#g.> ,TRUDY ,RUB91 ,*RI/IAN ,SCI5CE ,MONITOR1 ,MAY #h1 #a#i#g#a4 

.<#e#h.> ,NEW ,REPUBLIC1 $ITORIAL1 ,MAY #a#e1 #a#i#g#a4 

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.<#f.> ,I RELY H]E ON REPORTS BY P>TICIPANTS1 S9CE ,I WAS 9 ,TEXAS AT ! TIME4 

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