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,9 ,KH>KOV 

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,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,EMMA ,GOLDMAN 

,TEXT 3 

,FROM MY COPY ( ,EMMA ,GOLDMAN'S ,MY 
,DISILLUSIONM5T 9 ,RUSSIA4 ,NEW ,YORK ,D\BL$AY1 ,PAGE @& ,COMPANY1 #a#i#b#c4 

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,>,R,I,V,+ 9 ,KH>KOV1 ,I VISIT$ ! ,AN>*I/ BOOK /ORE1 ! ADDRESS ( :I* ,I HAD SECUR$ 9 ,MOSC[4 ,!RE ,I MET MANY FRI5DS :OM ,I HAD KN[N 9 ,AM]ICA4 ,AMONG !M W]E ,JOSEPH & ,LEAH ,GOODMAN1 =M]LY FROM ,DETROIT2 ,FANNY ,B>ON1 FROM ,*ICAGO1 & ,SAM ,FLE%9 :O HAD WORK$ 9 ! ,MO!R ,E>? (FICE 9 ,NEW ,YORK1 9 #a#i#a#g1 BE=E HE LEFT = ,RUSSIA4 ,) ?\S&S ( O!R EXILES !Y HAD ALL HA/5$ TO !IR NATIVE C\NTRY AT ! FIR/ NEWS ( ! ,REVOLUTION1 & !Y HAD BE5 9 ! ?ICK ( IT EV] S9CE4 ,!Y W\LD HAVE MU* TO TELL ME1 ,I ?\<T2 !Y MI<T HELP ME TO SOLVE SOME ( ! PROBLEMS ?AT W]E P]PLEX+ ME4 

,KH>KOV LAY SEV]AL MILES AWAY FROM ! RAILROAD /ATION1 & IT W\LD HAVE !RE=E BE5 IMPRACTICAL TO CONT9UE LIV+ 9 ! C> DUR+ \R /AY 9 ! CITY4 ,! ,MUSEUM CR$5TIALS W\LD SECURE QU>T]S = US1 BUT SEV]AL MEMB]S ( ! ,EXP$ITION PREF]R$ TO /AY ) !IR ,AM]ICAN FRI5DS4 ,?R\< ! HELP ( ONE ( \R COMRADES1 :O WAS COMM&ANT ( AN AP>TM5T H\SE1 ,I SECUR$ A ROOM4 

,IT HAD BE5 QUITE W>M 9 ,MOSC[1 BUT ,KH>KOV PROV$ A V]ITABLE FURNACE1 REM9D+ ME ( ,NEW ,YORK 9 ,JULY4 ,SANIT>Y & PLUMB+ >RANGEM5TS HAD BE5 NEGLECT$ OR DE/ROY$1 & WAT] HAD TO BE C>RI$ FROM A PLACE SEV]AL BLOCKS DI/ANT UP ?REE FLI<TS ( /AIRS4 ,/ILL IT WAS A COM=T TO HAVE A PRIVATE ROOM4 

,! CITY WAS ALIVE4 ,! /REETS W]E FULL ( PEOPLE & !Y LOOK$ BETT] F$ & DRESS$ ?AN ! POPULATION ( ,PETROGRAD & ,MOSC[4 ,! WOM5 W]E H&SOM] ?AN 9 NOR!RN ,RUSSIA2 ! M5 ( A F9] TYPE4 ,IT WAS RA!R ODD TO SEE BEAUTIFUL WOM51 WE>+ EV5+ G[NS 9 ! DAYTIME1 WALK AB\T B>EFOOT OR CLAD 9 WOOD5 S&ALS )\T /OCK+S4 ,! COLOR$ K]*IEFS MO/ ( !M HAD ON L5T LIFE & COLOR TO ! /REETS1 GIV+ !M A *E]FUL APPE>ANCE :I* CONTRA/$ FAVORABLY ) ! GRAY TONES ( ,PETROGRAD4 

,MY FIR/ (FICIAL VISIT WAS PAID TO ! ,DEP>TM5T ( ,$UCATION4 ,I F\ND A LONG L9E ( PEOPLE WAIT+ ADMISSION1 BUT ! ,MUSEUM CR$5TIALS IMM$IATELY OP5$ ! DOORS1 ! *AIRMAN RECEIV+ ME MO/ CORDIALLY4 ,HE LI/5$ ATT5TIVELY TO MY EXPLANATION ( ! PURPOSES ( ! ,EXP$ITION & PROMIS$ TO GIVE ME AN OPPORTUNITY TO COLLECT ALL ! AVAILABLE MAT]IAL 9 HIS DEP>TM5T1 9CLUD+ ! NEWLY PREP>$ *>TS ( ITS WORK4 ,ON ! *AIRMAN'S DESK ,I NOTIC$ A COPY ( SU* A *>T1 LOOK+ LIKE A FUTURI/ PICTURE1 ALL L9$ & DOTT$ ) R$1 BLUE1 & PURPLE4 ,NOTIC+ MY PUZZL$ EXPRESSION ! *AIRMAN EXPLA9$ ?AT ! R$ 9DICAT$ ! V>I\S PHASES ( ! $UCATIONAL SY/EM1 ! O!R COLORS REPRES5T+ LIT]ATURE1 DRAMA1 MUSIC1 & ! PLA/IC >TS4 ,EA* DEP>TM5T WAS SUBDIVID$ 9TO BUREAUS EMBRAC+ EV]Y BRAN* ( ! $UCATIONAL & CULTURAL WORK ( ! ,SOCIALI/ ,REPUBLIC4 

,CONC]N+ ! SY/EM ( $UCATION ! *AIRMAN /AT$ ?AT FROM ?REE TO EI<T YE>S ( AGE ! *ILD ATT5D$ ! K9D]G>T5 OR *ILDR5'S HOME4 ,W> ORPHANS FROM ! S\?1 *ILDR5 ( ,R$ ,>MY SOLDI]S & ( PROLET>IANS 9 G5]AL RECEIV$ PREF]5CE4 ,IF VACANCIES REMA9$1 *ILDR5 ( ! B\RGEOISIE W]E ALSO ACCEPT$4 ,FROM EI<T TO ?IRTE5 ! *ILDR5 ATT5D$ ! 9T]M$I>Y S*OOLS :]E !Y RECEIV$ ELEM5T>Y $UCATION :I* 9CULCATES ! G5]AL IDEA ( ! POLITICAL & ECONOMIC /RUCTURE ( ,R4,S4,F4,S4,R4 ,MOD]N ME?ODS ( 9/RUCTION BY MEANS ( TE*NICAL APP>ATUS1 SO F> AS ! LATT] C\LD BE SECUR$1 HAD BE5 9TRODUC$4 ,! *ILDR5 W]E TAU<T PROCESSES ( PRODUCTION AS WELL AS NATURAL SCI5CES4 ,! P]IOD FROM TWELVE TO SEV5TE5 EMBRAC$ VOCATIONAL TRA9+4 ,!RE W]E ALSO HI<] 9/ITUTIONS ( LE>N+ = Y\NG PEOPLE :O %[$ SPECIAL ABILITY & 9CL9ATION4 ,BESIDES ?IS1 SUMM] S*OOLS & COLONIES HAD BE5 E/ABLI%$ :]E 9/RUCTION WAS GIV5 9 ! OP54 ,ALL *ILDR5 BELONG+ TO ! ,SOVIET ,REPUBLIC W]E F$1 CLO!D1 & H\S$ AT ! EXP5SE ( ! ,GOV]NM5T4 ,! S*EME ( $UCATION ALSO EMBRAC$ WORK]S' COLLEGES & EV5+ C\RSES = ADULTS ( BO? SEXES4 ,H]E ALSO EV]Y?+ WAS SUPPLI$ TO ! PUPILS FREE1 EV5 SPECIAL RATIONS4 ,= FUR!R P>TICUL>S ! *AIRMAN REF]R$ ME TO ! LIT]ATURE ( HIS DEP>TM5T & ADVIS$ ME TO /UDY ! PLAN 9 OP]ATION4 ,! $UCATIONAL WORK WAS MU* H&ICAPP$ BY ! BLOCKADE & C\NT]REVOLUTION>Y ATTEMPTS2 ELSE ,RUSSIA W\LD DEMON/RATE TO ! WORLD :AT ! ,SOCIALI/ ,REPUBLIC C\LD DO 9 ! WAY ( POPUL> 5LI<T5M5T4 ,!Y LACK$ EV5 ! MO/ ELEM5TAL NECESS>IES1 SU* AS PAP]1 P5CILS1 & BOOKS4 ,9 ! W9T] MO/ ( ! S*OOLS HAD TO BE CLOS$ = LACK ( FUEL4 ,! CRUELTY & 9FAMY ( ! BLOCKADE WAS NO:]E MORE APP>5T & CRY+ ?AN 9 ITS EFFECT UPON ! SICK & ! *ILDR54 0,IT IS ! BLACKE/ CRIME ( ! C5TURY10 ! *AIRMAN CONCLUD$4 ,IT WAS AGRE$ ?AT ,I RETURN )9 A WEEK TO RECEIVE ! MAT]IAL = \R COLLECTION4 ,9 ! ,SOCIAL ,WELF>E ,DEP>TM5T ,I ALSO F\ND A V]Y COMPET5T MAN 9 *>GE4 ,HE BECAME MU* 9T]E/$ 9 ! WORK ( ! ,EXP$ITION & PROMIS$ TO COLLECT ! NECESS>Y MAT]IAL = US1 ?\< HE C\LD NOT (F] V]Y MU* BECAUSE HIS DEP>TM5T HAD BUT REC5TLY BE5 ORGANIZ$4 ,ITS WORK WAS TO LOOK AFT] ! DISABL$ & SICK PROLET>IANS & ?OSE ( OLD AGE EXEMPT FROM LABOR4 ,!Y W]E GIV5 C]TA9 RATIONS 9 FOOD & CLO?+2 9 CASE !Y W]E EMPLOY$ !Y RECEIV$ ALSO A C]TA9 AM\NT ( MONEY1 AB\T HALF ( !IR E>N+S4 ,BESIDES ?AT ! ,DEP>TM5T WAS SUPPORT+ LIV+ QU>T]S & D9+ ROOMS = ITS *>GES4 

,9 ! CORRIDOR LEAD+ TO ! V>I\S (FICES ( ! ,DEP>TM5T !RE W]E L9ES ( EMACIAT$ & CRIPPL$ FIGURES1 M5 & WOM51 WAIT+ = !IR TURN TO RECEIVE AID4 ,!Y LOOK$ LIKE W> VET]ANS AWAIT+ !IR PITTANCE 9 ! =M ( RATIONS2 !Y REM9D$ ME ( ! DECREPIT UNEMPLOY$ /&+ 9 L9E 9 ! ,SALVATION ,>MY QU>T]S 9 ,AM]ICA4 ,ONE WOMAN 9 P>TICUL> ATTRACT$ MY ATT5TION4 ,%E WAS ANGRY & EXCIT$ & %E COMPLA9$ L\DLY4 ,H] HUSB& HAD BE5 DEAD TWO DAYS & %E WAS TRY+ TO OBTA9 A P]MIT = A C(F94 ,%E HAD BE5 9 L9E EV] S9CE BUT C\LD PROCURE NO ORD]4 0,:AT AM ,I TO DO80 %E WAIL$2 0,I CANNOT C>RY HIM ON MY [N BACK OR BURY HIM )\T A C(F91 & ,I CANNOT KEEP HIM 9 MY ROOM MU* LONG] 9 ?IS HEAT40 ,! WOMAN'S LAM5T REMA9$ UNANSW]$ = EV]YONE WAS ABSORB$ 9 KITS [N TR\BLES4 ,SICK & DISABL$ WORK]S >E ?R[N EV]Y:]E ON ! SCRAP PILE--,I ?\<T--BUT 9 ,RUSSIA AN EF=T IS BE+ MADE TO PREV5T SU* CRUELTY4 ,YET JUDG+ FROM :AT ,I SAW 9 ,KH>KOV ,I FELT ?AT NOT MU* WAS BE+ ACCOMPLI%$4 ,IT WAS A MO/ DEPRESS+ PICTURE1 ?AT LONG WAIT+ L9E4 ,I FELT AS IF IT WAS ADD+ 9SULT TO 9JURY4 

,I VISIT$ A H\SE :]E ! SOCIAL D]ELICTS LIV$4 ,IT WAS FAIRLY WELL KEPT1 BUT BREA?+ ! SPIRIT ( COLD 9/ITUTIONALISM4 ,IT WAS1 ( C\RSE1 BETT] ?AN SLEEP+ 9 ! /REETS OR LY+ ALL NI<T 9 ! DOORWAYS1 AS ! SICK & POOR >E (T5 COMPELL$ TO DO 9 CAPITALI/ C\NTRIES1 9 ,AM]ICA1 = 9/ANCE4 ,/ILL IT SEEM$ 9CONGRU\S ?AT SOME?+ MORE *E]FUL & 9VIT+ C\LD NOT BE DEVIS$ 9 ,SOVIET ,RUSSIA = ?OSE :O HAD SACRIFIC$ !IR HEAL? & HAD GIV5 !IR LABOR TO ! COMMON GOOD4 ,BUT APP>5TLY IT WAS ! BE/ ?AT ! ,SOCIAL ,WELF>E ,DEP>TM5T C\LD DO 9 ! PRES5T CONDITION ( ,RUSSIA4 

,9 ! EV5+ \R ,AM]ICAN FRI5DS VISIT$ US4 ,EA* ( !M HAD A RI* EXP]I5CE ( /RUGGLE1 SUFF]+1 & P]SECUTION & ,I WAS SURPRIS$ TO LE>N ?AT MO/ ( !M HAD ALSO BE5 IMPRISON$ BY ! ,BOL%EVIKI4 ,!Y HAD 5DUR$ MU* = ! SAKE ( !IR IDEAS & HAD BE5 H\ND$ BY EV]Y GOV]NM5T ( ,UKRA9A1 !RE HAV+ BE5 F\RTE5 POLITICAL *ANGES 9 SOME P>TS ( ! S\? DUR+ ! LA/ TWO YE>S4 ,! ,COMMUNI/S W]E NO DIFF]5T3 !Y ALSO P]SECUT$ ! ,AN>*I/S AS WELL AS O!R REVOLUTIONI/S ( ! ,LEFT4 ,/ILL ! ,AN>*I/S CONT9U$ !IR WORK4 ,!IR FAI? 9 ! ,REVOLUTION1 9 SPITE ( ALL !Y 5DUR$1 & EV5 9 ! FACE ( ! WOR/ REACTION1 WAS TRULY SUBLIME4 ,!Y AGRE$ ?AT ! POSSIBILITIES ( ! MASSES DUR+ ! FIR/ MON?S AFT] ! ,OCTOB] ,REVOLUTION W]E V]Y GREAT1 BUT EXPRESS$ ! OP9ION ?AT REVOLUTION>Y DEVELOPM5T HAD BE5 *ECK$1 & GRADUALLY 5TIRELY P>ALYZ$1 BY ! DEAD5+ EFFECT ( ! ,COMMUNI/ ,/ATE4 

,9 ! ,UKRA9A1 !Y EXPLA9$1 ! SITUATION DIFF]$ FROM ?AT ( ,RUSSIA1 BECAUSE ! PEASANTS LIV$ 9 COMP>ATIVELY BETT] MAT]IAL CONDITIONS4 ,!Y HAD ALSO RETA9$ GREAT] 9DEP5D5CE & MORE ( A REBELLI\S SPIRIT4 ,= !SE REASONS ! ,BOL%EVIKI HAD FAIL$ TO SUBDUE ! S\?4 

4 4 

,\R VISITORS SPOKE ( ,MAKHNO AS A H]OIC POPUL> FIGURE1 & RELAT$ HIS D>+ EXPLOITS & ! LEG5DS ! PEASANTS HAD WOV5 AB\T HIS P]SONALITY4 ,!RE WAS CONSID]ABLE DIFF]5CE ( OP9ION1 H[EV]1 AMONG ! ,AN>*I/S CONC]N+ ! SIGNIFICANCE ( ! ,MAKHNO MOVEM5T4 ,SOME REG>D$ IT AS EXPRESSIVE ( ,AN>*ISM & BELIEV$ ?AT ! ,AN>*I/S %\LD DEVOTE ALL !IR 5]GIES TO IT4 ,O!RS HELD ?AT ! POV/ANTSI REPRES5T$ ! NATIVE REBELLI\S SPIRIT ( ! S\!RN PEASANTS1 BUT ?AT !IR MOVEM5T WAS NOT ,AN>*ISM1 ?\< AN>*I/ICALLY T+$4 ,!Y W]E NOT 9 FAVOR ( LIMIT+ !MSELVES TO ?AT MOVEM5T2 !Y BELIEV$ !IR WORK %\LD BE ( A MORE EMBRAC+ & UNIV]SAL *>ACT]4 ,SEV]AL ( \R FRI5DS TOOK AN 5TIRELY DIFF]5T POSITION1 D5Y+ TO ! ,MAKHNO MOVEM5T ANY AN>*I/ MEAN+ :ATEV]4 

,MO/ 5?USIA/IC AB\T ,MAKHNO & EMPHATIC AB\T ! ,AN>*I/ VALUE ( ?AT MOVEM5T WAS ,JOSEPH1 KN[N AS ! 0,EMIGRANT0--! V]Y LA/ MAN ONE W\LD HAVE EXPECT$ TO WAX W>M OV] A MILIT>Y ORGANIZATION4 ,JOSEPH WAS AS MILD & G5TLE AS A GIRL4 ,9 ,AM]ICA HE HAD P>TICIPAT$ 9 ! ,AN>*I/ & ,LABOR MOVEM5TS 9 A QUIET & UNASSUM+ MANN]1 & V]Y FEW KNEW ! TRUE WOR? ( ! MAN4 ,S9CE HIS RETURN TO ,RUSSIA HE HAD BE5 9 ! ?ICK ( ! /RUGGLE4 ,HE HAD SP5T MU* TIME ) ,MAKHNO & HAD LE>N$ TO LOVE & ADMIRE HIM = HIS REVOLUTION>Y DEVOTION & C\RAGE4 ,JOSEPH RELAT$ AN 9T]E/+ EXP]I5CE ( HIS FIR/ VISIT TO ! PEASANT LEAD]4 ,:5 HE >RIV$ ! POV/ANTSI = SOME REASON CONCEIV$ ! NOTION ?AT HE HAD COME TO H>M !IR *IEF4 ,ONE ( ,MAKHNO'S CLOSE/ FRI5DS CLAIM$ ?AT ,JOSEPH1 BE+ A ,JEW1 MU/ ALSO BE AN EMISS>Y ( ! ,BOL%EVIKI S5T TO KILL ,MAKHNO4 ,:5 HE SAW H[ ATTA*$ ,MAKHNO BECAME TO ,JOSEPH1 HE DECID$ TO KILL 0! ,JEW40 ,=TUNATELY HE FIR/ W>N$ HIS LEAD]1 :]EUPON ,MAKHNO CALL$ HIS M5 TOGE!R & ADDRESS$ !M SOME:AT 9 ?IS MANN]3 0,JOSEPH IS A ,JEW & AN IDEALI/2 HE IS AN ,AN>*I/4 ,I CONSID] HIM MY COMRADE & FRI5D & ,I %ALL HOLD EV]YONE RESPONSIBLE = HIS SAFETY40 ,IDOLIZ$ BY HIS >MY1 ,MAKHNO'S WORD WAS 5\<3 ,JOSEPH BECAME ! TRU/$ FRI5D ( ! POV/ANTSI4 ,!Y BELIEV$ 9 HIM BECAUSE !IR BATKA .<FA!R.> HAD FAI? 9 HIM1 & ,JOSEPH 9 RETURN BECAME DEEPLY DEVOT$ TO !M4 ,N[ HE 9SI/$ ?AT HE MU/ RETURN TO ! REBEL CAMP3 !Y W]E H]OIC PEOPLE1 SIMPLE1 BRAVE1 & DEVOT$ TO ! CAUSE ( LIB]TY4 ,HE WAS PLANN+ TO JO9 ,MAKHNO AGA94 ,YET ,I C\LD NOT FREE MYSELF ( ! FEEL+ ?AT IF ,JOSEPH W5T BACK ,I %\LD NEV] SEE HIM ALIVE ANY MORE4 ,HE SEEM$ TO ME LIKE ONE ( ?OSE *>ACT]S 9 ,ZOLA'S 0,G]M9AL0 :O LOVES EV]Y LIV+ ?+ & YET IS ABLE TO RESORT TO DYNAMITE = ! SAKE ( ! /RIK+ M9]S4 

,I EXPRESS$ ! VIEW TO MY FRI5DS ?AT1 IMPORTANT AS ! ,MAKHNO MOVEM5T MI<T BE1 IT WAS ( A PURELY MILIT>Y NATURE & C\LD NOT1 !RE=E1 BE EXPRESSIVE ( ! ,AN>*I/ SPIRIT4 ,I WAS SORRY TO SEE ,JOSEPH RETURN TO ! ,MAKHNO CAMP1 = HIS WORK = ! ,AN>*I/ MOVEM5T 9 ,RUSSIA C\LD BE ( MU* GREAT] VALUE4 ,BUT HE WAS DET]M9$1 & ,I FELT ?AT IT WAS ,JOSEPH'S DESPAIR AT ! REACTION>Y T5D5CIES ( ! ,BOL%EVIKI :I* DROVE HIM1 AS IT DID SO MANY O!RS ( HIS COMRADES1 AWAY FROM ! ,COMMUNI/S & 9TO ! RANKS ( ,MAKHNO4 

,DUR+ \R /AY 9 ,KH>KOV ,I ALSO VISIT$ ! ,DEP>TM5T ( ,LABOR ,DI/RIBUTION1 :I* HAD COME 9TO EXI/5CE S9CE ! MILIT>IZATION ( LABOR4 ,ACCORD+ TO ! ,BOL%EVIKI IT BECAME NECESS>Y !N TO RETURN ! WORK]S FROM ! VILLAGES TO :I* !Y HAD /REAM$ FROM ! />V+ CITIES4 ,!Y HAD TO BE REGI/]$ & CLASSIFI$ ACCORD+ TO TRADES & DI/RIBUT$ TO PO9TS :]E !IR S]VICES W]E MO/ NE$$4 ,9 ! C>RY+ \T ( ?IS PLAN MANY PEOPLE W]E DAILY R\ND$ UP ON ! /REETS & 9 ! M>KET PLACE4 ,TOGE!R ) ! L>GE NUMB]S >RE/$ AS SPECULATORS OR = POSSESSION ( ,CZ>I/ MONEY1 !Y W]E PUT ON ! LI/ ( ! ,LABOR ,DI/RIBUTION ,DEP>TM5T4 ,SOME W]E S5T TO ! ,DONETZ ,BAS91 :ILE ! WEAK] ONES W5T ON TO CONC5TRATION CAMPS4 ,! ,COMMUNI/S JU/IFI$ ?IS SY/EM & ME?OD AS NECESS>Y DUR+ A REVOLUTION>Y P]IOD 9 ORD] TO BUILD UP ! 9DU/RIES4 ,EV]YBODY MU/ WORK 9 ,RUSSIA1 !Y SAID1 OR BE =C$ TO WORK4 ,!Y CLAIM$ ?AT ! 9DU/RIAL \TPUT HAD 9CREAS$ S9CE ! 9TRODUCTION ( ! COMPULSORY LABOR LAW4 

,I HAD OCCASION TO DISCUSS !SE MATT]S ) MANY ,COMMUNI/S & ,I D\BT$ ! EFFICACY ( ! NEW POLICY4 

,ONE EV5+ A WOMAN CALL$ AT MY ROOM & 9TRODUC$ H]SELF AS ! =M] [N] ( ! AP>TM5T4 ,S9CE ALL ! H\SES HAD BE5 NATIONALIZ$ %E WAS ALL[$ TO KEEP ?REE ROOMS1 ! RE/ ( H] AP>TM5T HAV+ BE5 PUT 9 *>GE ( ! ,H\SE ,BUREAU4 ,H] FAMILY CONSI/$ ( EI<T MEMB]S1 9CLUD+ H] P>5TS & A M>RI$ DAU<T] ) H] FAMILY4 ,IT WAS ALMO/ IMPOSSIBLE TO CR[D ALL 9TO ?REE ROOMS1 ESPECIALLY CONSID]+ ! T]RIFIC HEAT ( ! ,KH>KOV SUMM]2 YET SOMEH[ !Y HAD MANAG$4 ,BUT TWO WEEKS PRIOR TO \R >RIVAL 9 ,KH>KOV ,Z9OVIEV VISIT$ ! CITY4 ,AT A PUBLIC MEET+ HE DECL>$ ?AT ! B\RGEOISIE ( ! CITY LOOK$ TOO WELL F$ & DRESS$41 0,IT PROVES10 HE SAID1 0?AT ! COMRADES & ESPECIALLY ! ,T*EKA >E NEGLECT+ !IR DUTY40 ,NO SOON] HAD ,Z9OVIEV DEP>T$ ?AN :OLESALE >RE/S & NI<T RAIDS BEGAN4 ,CONFISCATION BECAME ! ORD] ( ! DAY4 ,H] AP>TM5T1 ! WOMAN RELAT$1 HAD ALSO BE5 VISIT$ & MO/ ( H] EFFECTS TAK5 AWAY4 ,BUT WOR/ ( ALL WAS ?AT ! ,T*EKA ORD]$ H] TO VACATE ONE ( ! ROOMS1 & N[ ! :OLE FAMILY WAS CR[D$ 9TO TWO SMALL ROOMS4 ,%E WAS MU* WORRI$ LE/ A MEMB] ( ! ,T*EKA OR A ,R$ ,>MY MAN BE ASSIGN$ TO ! VACANT ROOM4 0,WE FELT MU* RELIEV$10 %E SAID1 01:5 WE W]E 9=M$ ?AT SOMEONE FROM ,AM]ICA WAS TO OCCUPY ?IS ROOM4 ,WE WI% Y\ W\LD REMA9 H]E = A LONG TIME40 

,TILL !N ,I HAD NOT COME 9 P]SONAL CONTACT ) ! MEMB]S ( ! EXPROPRIAT$ B\RGEOISIE :O HAD ACTUALLY BE5 MADE TO SUFF] BY ! ,REVOLUTION4 ,! FEW MIDDLE-CLASS FAMILIES ,I HAD MET LIV$ WELL1 :I* WAS A S\RCE ( SURPRISE TO ME4 ,?US 9 ,PETROGRAD A C]TA9 *EMI/ ,I HAD BECOME ACQUA9T$ ) 9 ,%ATOV'S H\SE LIV$ 9 A V]Y EXP5SIVE WAY4 ,! ,SOVIET AU?ORITIES P]MITT$ HIM TO OP]ATE HIS FACTORY1 & HE SUPPLI$ ! ,GOV]NM5T ) *EMICALS AT A CO/ MU* LESS ?AN ! ,GOV]NM5T C\LD MANUFACTURE !M AT4 ,HE PAID HIS WORK]S COMP>ATIVELY HI< WAGES & PROVID$ !M ) RATIONS4 ,ON A C]TA9 OCCASION ,I WAS 9VIT$ TO D9N] BY ! *EMI/'S FAMILY4 ,I F\ND !M LIV+ 9 A LUXURI\S AP>TM5T1 CONTA9+ MANY VALUABLE OBJECTS & >T TREASURES4 ,MY HO/ESS1 ! *EMI/'S WIFE1 WAS EXP5SIVELY G[N$ & WORE A CO/LY NECKLACE4 ,D9N] CONSI/$ ( SEV]AL C\RSES & WAS S]V$ 9 AN EXTRAVAGANT MANN] ) EXQUISITE DAMASK L95 9 ABUNDANCE4 ,IT MU/ HAVE CO/ SEV]AL HUNDR$ ?\S& RUBLES1 :I* 9 #aib WAS A SMALL =TUNE 9 ,RUSSIA4 ,! A/ONI%+ ?+ TO ME WAS ?AT ALMO/ EV]YBODY 9 ,PETROGRAD KNEW ! *EMI/ & WAS FAMILI> ) HIS MODE ( LIFE4 ,BUT ,I WAS 9=M$ ?AT HE WAS NE$$ BY ! ,SOVIET ,GOV]NM5T & ?AT HE WAS !RE=E P]MITT$ TO LIVE AS HE PLEAS$4 ,ONCE ,I EXPRESS$ MY SURPRISE TO HIM ?AT ! ,BOL%EVIKI HAD NOT CONFISCAT$ HIS WEAL?4 ,HE ASSUR$ ME ?AT HE WAS NOT ! ONLY ONE ( ! B\RGEOISIE :O HAD RETA9$ HIS =M] CONDITION4 0,! B\RGEOISIE IS BY NO MEANS DEAD1 HE SAID2 0IT HAS ONLY BE5 *LOR(ORM$ = A :ILE1 SO TO SPEAK1 = ! PA9FUL OP]ATION4 ,BUT IT IS ALREADY RECOV]+ FROM ! EFFECT ( ! ANES!TIC & SOON IT WILL HAVE RECUP]AT$ 5TIRELY4 ,IT ONLY NE$S A LITTLE MORE TIME40 ,! WOMAN :O VISIT$ ME 9 ! ,KH>KOV ROOM HAD NOT MANAG$ SO WELL AS ! ,PETROGRAD *EMI/4 ,%E WAS A P>T ( ! WRECKAGE LEFT BY ! REVOLUTION>Y /ORM ?AT HAD SWEPT OV] ,RUSSIA4 

,DUR+ MY /AY 9 ! ,UKRA9IAN CAPITAL ,I MET SOME 9T]E/+ PEOPLE ( ! PR(ESSIONAL CLASSES1 AMONG !M AN 5G9E] :O HAD JU/ RETURN$ FROM ! ,DONETZ ,BAS9 & A WOMAN EMPLOY$ 9 A ,SOVIET ,BUREAU4 ,BO? W]E CULTUR$ P]SONS & KE5LY ALIVE TO ! FATE ( ,RUSSIA4 ,WE DISCUSS$ ! ,Z9OVIEV VISIT4 ,!Y CORROBORAT$ ! /ORY TOLD ME BE=E4 ,Z9OVIEV HAD UPBRAID$ HIS COMRADES = !IR LAXITY T[>D ! B\RGEOISIE & CRITICIZ$ !M = NOT SUPPRESS+ TRADE4 ,IMM$IATELY UPON ,Z9OVIEV'S DEP>TURE ! ,T*EKA BEGAN 9DISCRIM9ATE RAIDS1 ! MEMB]S ( ! B\RGEOISIE LOS+ ON ?AT OCCASION ALMO/ ! LA/ ?+S !Y POSSESS$4 ,! MO/ TRAGIC P>T ( IT1 ACCORD+ TO ! 5G9E]1 WAS ?AT ! WORK]S DID NOT B5EFIT BY SU* RAIDS4 ,NO ONE KNEW :AT BECAME ( ! ?+S CONFISCAT$ !Y JU/ DISAPPE>$4 ,BO? ! 5G9E] & ! WOMAN ,SOVIET EMPLOYEE SPOKE ) MU* CONC]N AB\T ! G5]AL DIS9TEGRATION ( IDEAS4 ,! ,RUSSIANS ONCE BELIEV$1 ! WOMAN SAID1 ?AT HOVELS & PALACES W]E EQUALLY WRONG & %\LD BE ABOLI%$4 ,IT NEV] OCCURR$ TO !M ?AT ! PURPOSE ( A REVOLUTION IS M]ELY TO CAUSE A TRANSF] ( POSSESSIONS TO PUT ! RI* 9TO ! HOVELS & ! POOR 9TO ! PALACES4 ,IT WAS NOT TRUE ?AT ! WORK]S HAVE GOTT5 9TO ! PALACES4 ,!Y W]E ONLY MADE TO BELIEVE ?AT ?AT IS ! FUNCTION ( A REVOLUTION4' ,9 REALITY1 ! MASSES REMA9$ :]E !Y HAD BE5 BE=E4 ,BUT N[ !Y W]E NOT ALONE !RE3 !Y W]E 9 ! COMPANY ( ! CLASSES !Y MEANT TO DE/ROY4 

,! CIVIL 5G9E] HAD BE5 S5T BY ! ,SOVIET ,GOV]NM5T TO ! ,DONETZ ,BAS9 TO BUILD HOMES = ! WORK]S1 & ,I WAS GLAD ( ! OPPORTUNITY TO LE>N FROM HIM AB\T ! CONDITIONS !RE4 ,! ,COMMUNI/ PRESS WAS PUBLI%+ GL[+ ACC\NTS AB\T ! 9T5SIVE COAL PRODUCTION ( ! ,BAS91 & (FICIAL CALCULATIONS CLAIM$ ?AT ! C\NTRY W\LD BE PROVID$ ) SUFFICI5T COAL = ! APPROA*+ W9T]4 ,9 REALITY1 ! ,DONETZ M9ES W]E 9 A MO/ DEPLORABLE /ATE1 ! 5G9E] 9=M$ ME4 ,! M9]S W]E H]D$ LIKE CATTLE4 ,!Y RECEIV$ ABOM9ABLE RATIONS1 W]E ALMO/ B>EFOOT1 & W]E =C$ TO WORK /&+ 9 WAT] UP TO !IR ANKLES4 ,AS A RESULT ( SU* CONDITIONS V]Y LITTLE COAL WAS BE+ PRODUC$4 0,I WAS ONE ( A COMMITTEE ORD]$ TO 9VE/IGATE ! SITUATION & REPORT \R F9D+S10 SAID ! 5G9E]4 0,\R REPORT IS F> FROM FAVORABLE4 ,WE KN[ ?AT IT IS DANG]\S TO RELATE ! FACTS AS WE F\ND !M3 IT MAY L& US 9 ! ,T*EKA4 ,BUT WE DECID$ ?AT ,MOSC[ MU/ FACE ! FACTS4 ,! SY/EM ( POLITICAL ,COMMISS>S1 G5]AL ,BOL%EVIK 9EFFICI5CY1 & ! P>ALYZ+ EFFECT ( ! ,/ATE MA*9]Y HAVE MADE \R CON/RUCTIVE WORK 9 ! ,BAS9 ALMO/ IMPOSSIBLE4 ,IT WAS A DISMAL FAILURE40 

,C\LD SU* A CONDITION ( AFFAIRS BE AVOID$ 9 A REVOLUTION>Y P]IOD & 9 A C\NTRY SO LITTLE DEVELOP$ 9DU/RIALLY AS ,RUSSIA8 ,I QUE/ION$4 ,! ,REVOLUTION WAS BE+ ATTACK$ BY ! B\RGEOISIE )9 & )\T2 !RE WAS COMPELL+ NE$ ( DEF5SE & NO 5]GIES REMA9$ = CON/RUCTIVE WORK4 ,! 5G9E] SCORN$ MY VIEWPO9T4 ,! ,RUSSIAN B\RGEOISIE WAS WEAK & C\LD (F] PRACTICALLY NO RESI/ANCE1 HE CLAIM$4 ,IT WAS NUM]ICALLY 9SIGNIFICANT & IT SUFF]$ FROM A SICK CONSCI5CE4 ,!RE WAS NEI!R NE$ NOR JU/IFICATION = ,BOL%EVIK T]RORISM & IT WAS MA9LY ! LATT] ?AT P>ALYZ$ ! CON/RUCTIVE EF=TS4 ,MIDDLE-CLASS 9TELLECTUALS HAD BE5 ACTIVE = MANY YE>S 9 ! LIB]AL & REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5TS ( ,RUSSIA1 & ?US ! MEMB]S ( ! B\RGEOISIE HAD BECOME CLOS] TO ! MASSES4 ,:5 ! GREAT DAY >RIV$ ! B\RGEOISIE1 CAU<T UNAW>ES1 PREF]R$ TO GIVE UP RA!R ?AN TO PUT UP A FI<T4 ,IT WAS /UNN$ BY ! ,REVOLUTION MORE ?AN ANY O!R CLASS 9 ,RUSSIA4 ,IT WAS QUITE UNPREP>$ & HAS NOT GOTT5 ITS BE>+S EV5 TO ?IS DAY4 ,IT WAS NOT TRUE1 AS ! ,BOL%EVIKI CLAIM$1 ?AT ! ,RUSSIAN B\RGEOISIE WAS AN ACTIVE M5ACE TO ! ,REVOLUTION4 

,I HAD BE5 ADVIS$ TO SEE ! ,*IEF ( ! ,DEP>TM5T ( ,WORK]S' & ,PEASANTS' ,9SPECTION1 ! POSITION BE+ HELD BY A WOMAN1 =M]LY AN (FIC] ( ! ,T*EKA1 REPUT$ TO BE V]Y SEV]E1 EV5 CRUEL1 BUT EFFICI5T4 ,%E C\LD SUPPLY ME ) MU* VALUABLE MAT]IAL1 ,I WAS TOLD1 & GIVE ME 5TRANCE TO ! PRISONS & CONC5TRATION CAMPS4 ,ON MY VISIT+ ! ,WORK]S' & ,PEASANTSI ,9SPECTION (FICES ,I F\ND ! LADY 9 *>GE NOT AT ALL CORDIAL AT FIR/4 ,%E IGNOR$ MY CR$5TIALS1 APP>5TLY NOT IMPRESS$ BY ,Z9OVIEV'S SIGNATURE4 ,PRES5TLY A MAN /EPP$ \T FROM AN 9N] (FICE4 ,HE PROV$ TO BE ,DIB5KO1 A HI< ,R$ ,>MY (FIC]1 & HE 9=M$ ME ?AT HE HAD HE>D ( ME FROM ,ALEX&RA ,KOLLONTAY1 :OM HE REF]R$ TO AS HIS WIFE4 ,HE PROMIS$ ?AT ,I %\LD GET ALL AVAILABLE MAT]IAL & ASK$ ME TO RETURN LAT] 9 ! DAY4 ,:5 ,I CALL$ AGA9 ,I F\ND ! LADY MU* MORE AMIABLE & WILL+ TO GIVE ME 9=MATION AB\T ! ACTIVITIES ( H] DEP>TM5T4 ,IT APPE>$ ?AT ! LATT] HAD BE5 ORGANIZ$ TO FI<T GR[+ SABOTAGE & GRAFT4 ,IT WAS P>T ( ! DUTIES ( ! ,T*EKA1 BUT IT WAS F\ND NECESS>Y TO CREATE ! NEW DEP>TM5T = ! 9SPECTION & CORRECTION ( ABUSES4 0,IT IS ! TRIBUNAL TO :I* CASES MAY BE APPEAL$10 SAID ! WOMAN2 0JU/ N[1 = 9/ANCE1 WE >E 9VE/IGAT+ COMPLA9TS ( PRISON]S :O HAD BE5 WRONGLY CONVICT$ OR RECEIV$ EXCESSIVE S5T5CES40 ,%E PROMIS$ TO SECURE = US P]MISSION TO 9SPECT ! P5AL 9/ITUTIONS & SEV]AL DAYS LAT] SEV]AL MEMB]S ( ! ,EXP$ITION W]E GIV5 ! OPPORTUNITY4 

,FIR/ WE VISIT$ ! MA9 CONC5TRATION CAMP ( ,KH>KOV4 ,WE F\ND A NUMB] ( PRISON]S WORK+ 9 ! Y>D1 DIGG+ A NEW SEW]4 ,IT WAS C]TA9LY NE$$1 = ! :OLE PLACE WAS FILL$ ) NAUSEAT+ SMELLS4 ,! PRISON BUILD+ WAS DIVID$ 9TO A NUMB] ( ROOMS1 ALL ( !M OV]CR[D$4 ,ONE ( ! COMP>TM5TS WAS CALL$ ! 0SPECULATORSI AP>TM5T10 ?\< ALMO/ ALL ITS 9MATES PROTE/$ AGA9/ BE+ ?US CLASS$4 ,!Y LOOK$ POOR & />V$1 EV]YONE ( !M ANXI\S TO TELL US HIS TALE ( WOE1 APP>5TLY UND] ! IMPRESSION ?AT WE W]E (FICIAL 9VE/IGATORS4 ,9 ONE ( ! CORRIDORS WE F\ND SEV]AL ,COMMUNI/S *>G$ ) SABOTAGE4 ,EVID5TLY ! ,SOVIET ,GOV]NM5T DID NOT DISCRIM9ATE 9 FAVOR ( ITS [N PEOPLE4 

,!RE W]E 9 ! CAMP ,:ITE (FIC]S TAK5 PRISON]S AT ! ,POLI% FRONT & SCORES ( PEASANT M5 & WOM5 HELD ON V>I\S *>GES4 ,!Y PRES5T$ A PITIFUL SI<T1 SITT+ !RE ON ! FLOOR = LACK ( B5*ES1 A PA!TIC LOT1 BEWILD]$ & UNABLE TO GRASP ! COMB9ATION ( EV5TS :I* HAD CAU<T !M 9 ! NET4 

,MORE ?AN ONE ?\S& ABLE-BODI$ M5 W]E LOCK$ UP 9 ! CONC5TRATION CAMP1 ( NO S]VICE TO ! COMMUNITY & REQUIR+ NUM]\S (FICIALS TO GU>D & ATT5D !M4 ,& YET ,RUSSIA WAS BADLY 9 NE$ ( LABOR 5]GY4 ,IT SEEM$ TO ME AN IMPRACTICAL WA/E4 

,LAT] WE VISIT$ ! PRISON4 ,AT ! GATES AN ANGRY MOB WAS GE/ICULAT+ & %\T+4 ,I LE>N$ ?AT ! WEEKLY P>CELS BR\<T BY RELATIVES ( ! 9MATES HAD ?AT MORN+ BE5 REFUS$ ACCEPTANCE BY ! PRISON AU?ORITIES4 ,SOME ( ! PEOPLE HAD COME = MILES & HAD SP5T !IR LA/ RUBLE = FOOD = !IR >RE/$ HUSB&S & BRO!RS4 ,!Y W]E FRANTIC4 ,\R ESCORT1 ! WOMAN 9 *>GE ( ! ,BUREAU1 PROMIS$ TO 9VE/IGATE ! MATT]4 ,WE MADE ! R\NDS ( ! BIG PRISON A DEPRESS+ SI<T ( HUMAN MIS]Y & DESPAIR4 ,9 ! SOLIT>Y W]E ?OSE CONDEMN$ TO DEA?4 ,= DAYS !IR LOOK HAUNT$ ME---!IR EYES FULL ( T]ROR AT ! TORTUR+ UNC]TA9TY1 FE>+ TO BE CALL$ AT ANY MOM5T TO FACE DEA?4 ,WE HAD BE5 ASK$ BY \R ,KH>KOV FRI5DS TO F9D A C]TA9 Y\NG WOMAN 9 ! PRISON4 ,TRY+ TO AVOID >\S+ ATT5TION WE S\<T H] ) \R EYES 9 V>I\S P>TS ( ! 9/ITUTION1 TILL WE SAW SOMEONE ANSW]+ H] DESCRIPTION4 ,%E WAS AN ,AN>*I/1 HELD AS A POLITICAL4 ,! PRISON CONDITIONS W]E BAD1 %E TOLD US4 ,IT HAD REQUIR$ A PROTRACT$ HUNG] /RIKE TO COMPEL ! AU?ORITIES TO TREAT ! POLITICALS MORE DEC5TLY & TO KEEP ! DOORS ( ?OSE CONDEMN$ TO DEA? OP5 DUR+ ! DAY1 SO ?AT !Y C\LD RECEIVE A LITTLE *E] & COM=T FROM ! O!R PRISON]S4 ,%E TOLD ( MANY UNJU/LY >RE/$ & PO9T$ \T AN OLD /UPID-LOOK+ PEASANT WOMAN LOCK$ UP 9 SOLIT>Y AS A ,MAKHNO SPY1 A *>GE OBVI\SLY DUE TO A MISUND]/&+4 

,! PRISON REGIME WAS V]Y RIGID4 ,AMONG O!R ?+S1 IT WAS =BIDD5 ! PRISON]S TO CLIMB UP ON ! W9D[S OR TO LOOK \T 9TO ! Y>D4 ,! /ORY WAS RELAT$ TO US ( A PRISON] BE+ %OT = ONCE DISOBEY+ ?AT RULE4 ,HE HAD HE>D SOME NOISE 9 ! /REET BEL[ &1 CURI\S TO KN[ :AT WAS GO+ ON1 HE CLIMB$ UP ON ! W9D[ SILL ( HIS CELL4 ,! S5TRY 9 ! Y>D GAVE NO W>N+4 ,HE FIR$1 SEV]ELY W\ND+ ! MAN4 ,MANY SIMIL> /ORIES ( SEV]ITY & ABUSE WE HE>D FROM ! PRISON]S4 ,ON \R WAY TO T[N ,I EXPRESS$ SURPRISE AT ! CONDITIONS ?AT W]E BE+ TOL]AT$ 9 ! PRISONS4 ,I REM>K$ TO \R GUIDE ?AT IT W\LD CAUSE A S]I\S SC&AL IF ! WE/]N WORLD W]E TO LE>N UND] :AT CONDITIONS PRISON]S LIVE & H[ !Y >E TREAT$ 9 ,SOCIALI/ ,RUSSIA4 ,NO?+ C\LD JU/IFY SU* BRUTALITY1 ,I ?\<T4 ,BUT ! *AIRMAN ( ! ,WORK]S' & ,PEASANTS' ,9SPECTION REMA9$ UNMOV$4 0,WE >E LIV+ 9 A REVOLUTION>Y P]IOD10 %E REPLI$2 0!SE MATT]S CANNOT BE HELP$40 ,BUT %E PROMIS$ TO 9VE/IGATE SOME CASES ( EXTREME 9JU/ICE :I* WE HAD PO9T$ \T TO H]4 ,I WAS NOT CONV9C$ ?AT ! ,REVOLUTION WAS RESPONSIBLE = ! EXI/+ EVILS4 ,IF ! ,REVOLUTION REALLY HAD TO SUPPORT SO MU* BRUTALITY & CRIME1 :AT WAS ! PURPOSE ( ! ,REVOLUTION1 AFT] ALL8 

,AT ! 5D ( \R FIR/ WEEK 9 ,KH>KOV ,I RETURN$ TO ! ,DEP>TM5T ( ,$UCATION :]E ,I HAD BE5 PROMIS$ MAT]IAL4 ,TO MY SURPRISE ,I F\ND ?AT NO?+ HAD BE5 PREP>$4 ,I WAS 9=M$ ?AT ! *AIRMAN WAS ABS5T1 & AGA9 ASSUR$ ?AT ! PROMIS$ DATA W\LD BE COLLECT$ & READY BE=E \R DEP>TURE4 ,I WAS !N REF]R$ TO ! MAN 9 *>GE ( A C]TA9 S*OOL EXP]IM5TAL DEP>TM5T4 ,! *AIRMAN HAD TOLD ME ?AT SOME 9T]E/+ $UCATIONAL ME?ODS W]E BE+ DEVELOP$1 BUT ,I F\ND ! MANAG] UN9TELLIG5T & DULL4 ,HE C\LD TELL ME NO?+ ( ! NEW ME?ODS1 BUT HE WAS WILL+ TO S5D = ONE ( ! 9/RUCTORS TO EXPLA9 ?+S TO ME4 ,A MESS5G] WAS DISPAT*$1 BUT HE SOON RETURN$ ) ! 9=MATION ?AT ! TEA*] WAS BUSY DEMON/RAT+ TO HIS CLASS & C\LD NOT COME4 ,! MANAG] FLEW 9TO A RAGE4 0,HE MU/ COME10 HE %\T$2 0! B\RGEOISIE >E SABOTAG+ LIKE ! O!R DAMNABLE 9TELLIG5TSIA4 ,!Y \<T ALL TO BE %OT4 ,WE CAN DO V]Y WELL )\T !M4'' ,HE WAS ONE ( ! TYPE ( N>R[-M9D$ FANATICAL & P]SECUT+ ,COMMUNI/S :O DID MORE H>M TO ! ,REVOLUTION ?AN ANY C\NT]-REVOLUTION>Y4 

,DUR+ \R /AY 9 ,KH>KOV WE ALSO HAD TIME TO VISIT SOME FACTORIES4 ,9 A PL[ MANUFACTUR+ PLANT WE F\ND A L>GE L(T /ACK$ ) ! F9I%$ PRODUCT4 ,I WAS SURPRIS$ ?AT ! PL[S W]E KEPT 9 ! FACTORY 9/EAD ( BE+ PUT TO PRACTICAL USE ON ! F>MS4 0,WE >E AWAIT+ ORD]S FROM ,MOSC[4' ! MANAG] EXPLA9$2 0IT WAS A RU% ORD] & WE W]E ?REAT5$ ) >RE/ = SABOTAGE 9 CASE IT %\LD NOT BE READY = %IPM5T )9 SIX WEEKS4 ,?AT WAS SIX MON?S AGO1 & AS Y\ SEE ! PL[S >E /ILL H]E4 ,! PEASANTS NE$ !M BADLY1 & WE NE$ !IR BREAD4 ,BUT WE CANNOT EX*ANGE4 ,WE MU/ AWAIT ORD]S FROM ,MOSC[4 

,I RECALL$ A REM>K ( ,Z9OVIEV :5 ON \R FIR/ MEET+ HE /AT$ ?AT ,PETROGRAD LACK$ FUEL1 NOT)/&+ ! FACT ?AT LESS ?AN A HUNDR$ V]/S FROM ! CITY !RE WAS 5\< TO SUPPLY ALMO/ HALF ! C\NTRY4 ,I SUGGE/$ ON ?AT OCCASION ?AT ! WORK]S ( ,PETROGRAD BE CALL$ UPON TO GET ! FUEL TO ! CITY4 ,Z9OVIEV ?\<T IT V]Y NAIVE4 0,%\LD WE GRANT SU* A ?+ 9 ,PETROGRAD10 HE SAID1 0! SAME DEM& W\LD BE MADE 9 O!R CITIES4 ,IT W\LD CREATE COMMUNAL COMPETITION :I* IS A B\RGEOIS 9/ITUTION4 ,IT W\LD 9T]F]E ) \R PLAN ( NATIONALIZ$ & C5TRALIZ$ CONTROL40 ,?AT WAS ! DOM9AT+ PR9CIPLE1 & AS A RESULT ( IT ! ,KH>KOV WORK]S LACK$ BREAD UNTIL ,MOSC[ %\LD GIVE ORD]S TO HAVE ! PL[S S5T TO ! PEASANTS4 ,! SUPREMACY ( ! /ATE WAS ! CORN]/ONE ( ,M>XISM 

,SEV]AL DAYS BE=E LEAV+ ,KH>KOV ,I ONCE MORE VISIT$ ! ,BO>D ( ,$UCATION & AGA9 ,I FAIL$ TO F9D ITS *AIRMAN4 ,TO MY CON/]NATION ,I WAS 9=M$ ?AT ,I W\LD RECEIVE NO MAT]IAL BECAUSE IT HAD BE5 DECID$ ?AT ,UKRA9A WAS TO HAVE ITS [N MUSEUM & ! *AIRMAN HAD GONE TO ,KIEV TO ORGANIZE IT4 ,I FELT 9DIGNANT AT ! MIS]ABLE DECEPTION PRACTIC$ UPON US BY A MAN 9 HI< ,COMMUNI/ POSITION4 ,SURELY ,UKRA9A HAD ! RI<T TO HAVE ITS [N MUSEUM1 BUT :Y ?IS PETTY FRAUD :I* CAUS$ ! ,EXP$ITION TO LOSE SO MU* VALUABLE TIME4 

,! SEQUEL TO ?IS 9CID5T CAME A FEW DAYS LAT] :5 WE W]E SURPRIS$ BY ! HA/Y >RIVAL ( \R SECRET>Y :O 9=M$ US ?AT WE MU/ LEAVE ,KH>KOV IMM$IATELY & AS QUIETLY AS POSSIBLE1 BECAUSE ! LOCAL EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE ( ! P>TY HAD DECID$ TO PREV5T \R C>RY+ \T /ATI/ICAL MAT]IAL FROM ,UKRA9A4 ,ACCORD+LY1 WE MADE HA/E TO LEAVE 9 ORD] TO SAVE :AT WE HAD ALREADY COLLECT$4 ,WE KNEW ! MAT]IAL W\LD BE LO/ IF IT REMA9$ 9 ,KH>KOV & ?AT ! PLAN ( AN 9DEP5D5T ,UKRA9IAN MUSEUM W\LD = MANY YE>S REMA9 ONLY ON PAP]4 

,BE=E DEP>T+ WE MADE >RANGEM5TS = A LA/ CONF]5CE ) \R LOCAL FRI5DS4 ,WE FELT ?AT WE MI<T NEV] SEE !M AGA94 ,ON ?AT OCCASION ! WORK ( ! 0,NABAT0 ,F$]ATION WAS DISCUSS$ 9 DETAIL4 ,?AT G5]AL ,AN>*I/ ORGANIZATION ( ! S\? HAD BE5 F\ND$ AS A RESULT ( ! EXP]I5CES ( ! ,RUSSIAN ,AN>*I/S & ! CONVICTION ?AT A UNIFI$ BODY WAS NECESS>Y TO MAKE !IR WORK MORE EFFECTIVE4 ,!Y WANT$ NOT M]ELY TO DIE BUT TO LIVE = ! ,REVOLUTION4 ,IT APPE>$ ?AT ! ,AN>*I/S ( ,RUSSIA HAD BE5 DIVID$ 9TO SEV]AL FACTIONS1 MO/ ( !M NUM]ICALLY SMALL & ( LITTLE PRACTICAL 9FLU5CE UPON ! PROGRESS ( EV5TS 9 ,RUSSIA4 ,!Y HAD BE5 UNABLE TO E/ABLI% A P]MAN5T HOLD 9 ! RANKS ( ! WORK]S4 ,IT WAS !RE=E DECID$ TO GA!R ALL ! ,AN>*I/ ELEM5TS ( ! ,UKRA9A 9TO ONE F$]ATION & ?US BE 9 CONDITION TO PRES5T A SOLID FRONT 9 ! /RUGGLE NOT ONLY AGA9/ 9VASION & C\NT]-REVOLUTION1 BUT ALSO AGA9/ ,COMMUNI/ P]SECUTION4 

,BY MEANS ( UNIFI$ EF=T ! 0,NABAT0 WAS ABLE TO COV] MO/ ( ! S\? & GET 9 CLOSE T\* ) ! LIFE ( ! WORK]S & ! PEASANTRY4 ,! FREQU5T *ANGES ( GOV]NM5T 9 ! ,UKRA9A F9ALLY DROVE ! ,AN>*I/S TO COV]1 ! REL5TLESS P]SECUTION ( ! ,BOL%EVIKI HAV+ DEPLET$ !IR RANKS ( ! MO/ ACTIVE WORK]S4 ,/ILL ! ,F$]ATION HAD TAK5 ROOT AMONG ! PEOPLE4 ,! LITTLE B& WAS 9 CON/ANT DANG]1 BUT IT WAS 5]GETICALLY CONT9U+ ITS $UCATIONAL & PROPAG&A WORK4 

,! ,KH>KOV ,AN>*I/S HAD EVID5TLY EXPECT$ MU* FROM \R PRES5CE 9 ,RUSSIA4 ,!Y HOP$ ?AT ,ALEX&] ,B]KMAN & MYSELF W\LD JO9 !M 9 !IR WORK4 ,WE W]E ALREADY SEV5 MON?S 9 ,RUSSIA BUT HAD AS YET TAK5 NO DIRECT P>T 9 ! ,AN>*I/ MOVEM5T4 ,I C\LD S5SE ! DISAPPO9TM5T & IMPATI5CE ( \R COMRADES4 ,!Y W]E EAG] WE %\LD AT LEA/ 9=M ! ,EUROPEAN & ,AM]ICAN ,AN>*I/S ( :AT WAS GO+ ON 9 ,RUSSIA1 P>TICUL>LY AB\T ! RU?LESS P]SECUTION ( ! ,LEFT REVOLUTION>Y ELEM5TS4 ,WELL C\LD ,I UND]/& ! ATTITUDE ( MY ,UKRA9IAN FRI5DS4 ,!Y HAD SUFF]$ MU* DUR+ ! LA/ YE>S3 !Y HAD SE5 ! HI< HOPES ( ! ,REVOLUTION CRU%$ & ,RUSSIA BREAK+ D[N B5EA? ! HEEL ( ! ,BOL%EVIK ,/ATE4 ,YET ,I C\LD NOT COMPLY ) !IR WI%ES4 ,I /ILL HAD FAI? 9 ! ,BOL%EVIKI1 9 !IR REVOLUTION>Y S9C]ITY & 9TEGRITY4 ,MOREOV]1 ,I FELT ?AT AS LONG AS ,RUSSIA WAS BE+ ATTACK$ FROM ! \TSIDE ,I C\LD NOT SPEAK 9 CRITICISM4 ,I W\LD NOT ADD FUEL TO ! FIRES ( C\NT]-REVOLUTION4 ,I !RE=E HAD TO KEEP SIL5T1 & /& BY ! ,BOL%EVIKI AS ! ORGANIZ$ DEF5D]S ( ! ,REVOLUTION4 ,BUT MY ,RUSSIAN FRI5DS SCORN$ ?IS VIEW4 ,I WAS CONF\ND+ ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY ) ! ,REVOLUTION1 !Y SAID2 !Y W]E NOT ! SAME2 ON ! CONTR>Y1 !Y W]E OPPOS$1 EV5 ANTAGONI/IC4 ,! ,COMMUNI/ ,/ATE1 ACCORD+ TO ! 0,NABAT0 ,AN>*I/S1 HAD PROV5 FATAL TO ! ,REVOLUTION4 

,)9 A FEW H\RS BE=E \R DEP>TURE WE RECEIV$ ! CONFID5TIAL 9=MATION ?AT ,MAKHNO HAD S5T A CALL = ,ALEX&] ,B]KMAN & MYSELF TO VISIT HIM4 ,HE WI%$ TO PLACE HIS SITUATION BE=E US1 &1 ?R\< US1 BE=E ! ,AN>*I/ MOVEM5T ( ! WORLD4 ,HE DESIR$ TO HAVE IT WIDELY UND]/OOD ?AT HE WAS NOT ! B&IT1 ,JEW-BAIT]1 & C\NT]-REVOLUTIONI/ ! ,BOL%EVIKI HAD PROCLAIM$ HIM4 ,HE WAS DEVOT$ TO ! ,REVOLUTION & WAS S]V+ ! 9T]E/S ( ! PEOPLE AS HE CONCEIV$ !M4 

,IT WAS A GREAT TEMPTATION TO MEET ! MOD]N ,/5KA ,RAS91 BUT WE W]E PL$G$ TO ! ,MUSEUM & C\LD NOT BREAK FAI? ) ! O!R MEMB]S ( ! ,EXP$ITION4 

,FROM 3 ,AN>*Y ,>*IVES4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #aibb 3 ,*APT] #ai -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,JANU>Y #b#d1 #bag 3 ,*APT] #ai -- ,ADD$4 

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