,NEXT ,TIME ,IT ,EXPLODES 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,CRIME?,9C4 

,TEXT 3 

,A YE> HAS PASS$ S9CE ! MURD] ( ,MI*AEL ,BR[N1 ONE ( OV] #aa PEOPLE1 DISPROPORTIONATELY BLACK & BR[N1 KILL$ BY ,U,S LAW 5=CEM5T 9 #b#a#d4 ,! MOVEM5T AGA9/ 9/ITUTIONALIZ$ :ITE SUPREMACY & POLICE VIOL5CE HAS SPREAD & ESCALAT$1 GA9+ LEV]AGE ON ! AU?ORITIES & ! PUBLIC IMAG9ATION DESPITE REPEAT$ EF=TS TO COOPT IT4 ,AT ! SAME TIME1 WE >E SEE+ EXTRA-GOV]NM5TAL :ITE SUPREMACI/ VIOL5CE REEM]GE AS A =CE 9 ! ,U,S1 AS IT ALWAYS DOES :5EV] /ATE /RATEGIES = IMPOS+ :ITE SUPREMACY REA* !IR LIMITS4 

,! ILLUSION ( SOCIAL PEACE IS EVAPORAT+4 ,OV] ! PA/ YE>1 ! ,NATIONAL ,GU>D HAS BE5 CALL$ \T ?REE TIMES TO QUELL ANTI-POLICE RIOT+4 ,:ITE RACI/S HAVE RETALIAT$ ) *UR* BURN+S & MURD]S1 :ILE RAIS+ HUNDR$S ( ?\S&S ( DOLL>S TO SUPPORT MURD]]S 9 UNI=M4 ,! L9ES ?AT >E BE+ DRAWN MAY DET]M9E ! GEOGRAPHY ( RACIALIZ$ CONFLICT 9 ! ,U,S = A LONG TIME TO COME4 ,H[ DID WE >RIVE H]E FROM ! FIR/ DEMON/RATIONS 9 ,F]GUSON8 ,& H[ %\LD WE POSITION \RSELVES 9 !SE /RUGGLES8 

,! ,BACK/ORY3 ,CRISIS & ,REPRESSION1 ,COOPTATION & ,REVOLT 

  

,! RACIALIZ$ POV]TY ?AT =MS ! L&SCAPE ( ,F]GUSON & SO MANY O!R PR$OM9ANTLY BLACK DI/RICTS IS NOT JU/ A CONSEQU5CE ( ! RECESSION ( #b#h4 ,! CO/S ( CAPITALISM HAVE ALWAYS BE5 9FLICT$ FIR/ & WOR/ ON BLACK PEOPLE1 FROM SLAV]Y & ,JIM ,CR[ TO ! CONTEMPOR>Y PH5OM5ON ( 0SURPLUS HUMANITY0 = :OM !RE IS NO PLACE 9 ! ECONOMY4 ,& S9CE ! BEG9N+1 ?IS HAS 5G5D]$ BLACK RESI/ANCE4 

,FIFTY YE>S AGO1 :ITE ,AM]ICA FAC$ P[D] KEG ( CIVIL RI<TS MOVEM5TS1 MILITANT BLACK ORGANIZ+1 & URBAN RIOTS4 ,BECAUSE ! #a#i#fS W]E A TIME ( COMP>ATIVE ABUNDANCE & ECONOMIC GR[?1 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES GOV]NM5T C\LD AF=D TO /ABILIZE SOCIETY BY 9TEGRAT+ SOME PEOPLE ( COLOR 9TO MORE ASPECTS ( POLITICAL & ECONOMIC LIFE4 ,BUT EV5 ?OSE CONCESSIONS TOOK PLACE AT A PRICE3 :ILE A M9ORITY ( BLACK PEOPLE W]E (F]$ CONDITIONAL ACCESS TO ! MIDDLE CLASS1 ! MORE MILITANT ORGANIZ]S & ! MAJORITY ( BLACK COMMUNITIES W]E RU?LESSLY REPRESS$4 ,S9CE !N1 SOME ( ! LEAD]S ( ! BLACK CIVIL RI<TS MOVEM5T HAVE BECOME SUCCESSFUL POLITICIANS1 :ILE ,BLACK ,PAN!RS REMA9 BEH9D B>S ALONG ) A MILLION O!R BLACK PEOPLE4 

,?IS IS ! DUAL OP]ATION ( REPRESSION3 KILL OR IMPRISON ! ONES :O WON'T OR CAN'T COMPROMISE1 :ILE 9TEGRAT+ ! MORE TRACTABLE 9TO ! P[] /RUCTURE4 

,TODAY1 9 ! AGE ( GLOBAL AU/]ITY1 !RE >E FEW RES\RCES AVAILABLE ) :I* TO /RIKE B>GA9S ) ! EXCLUD$4 ,! RHETORIC FROM POLITICIANS & PUNDITS CONDEMN+ PROTE/]S 9 ,F]GUSON & ,BALTIMORE IS A MILIT>Y OP]ATION 9T5D$ TO MAKE IT POSSIBLE TO USE =CE AGA9/ !M )\T BL[BACK1 BUT IT ALSO %[S ?AT ! CONFLICT BETWE5 ! TWO SIDES IS IRRESOLVABLE3 NO ONE 9 P[] HAS ANY IDEA :AT TO DO AB\T \R SOCIETY'S RACIAL & ECONOMIC 9EQUALITIES4 ,LEAD]S ON ! LEFT >E DO+ !IR BE/ TO OBSCURE ?IS 9 ORD] TO BUY TIME4 ,:5 !Y B\<T TIME 9 ! #a#i#fS1 ?AT TIME WAS US$ TO BUILD ! JAILS & PRISONS ?AT HOLD NE>LY TWO & A HALF MILLION PEOPLE TODAY1 TO SET ! /AGE = ! G5TRIFICATION ?AT IS CURR5TLY DEMOLI%+ 5TIRE COMMUNITIES ( COLOR4 

,?IS IS :Y 9 #b#a#d1 NEI!R ! REPRESSIVE =CE ( ! /ATE NOR ! REC$+ LURE ( ECONOMIC SUCCESS W]E 5\< TO CONTA9 BLACK RAGE4 ,NO WOND] ,F]GUSON EXPLOD$4 

,FROM ,F]GUSON TO ,BALTIMORE 

  

,CONSULT ! APP5DIX BEL[ = A TIMEL9E ( ! ,BALTIMORE UPRIS+4 

,! PO/-#a#i#fS /RATEGY ( 9TEGRAT+ BLACK LEAD]S 9TO ! /RUCTURES ( /ATE P[] HAS ALSO REA*$ ITS LIMITS4 ,WE SAW H9TS ( ?IS 9 ! #bi UPRIS+ FOLL[+ ! MURD] ( ,OSC> ,GRANT 9 ,OAKL&1 A CITY :OSE POLITICAL ELITE 9CLUDES CIVIL RI<TS VET]ANS :O N[ OV]SEE POLICE ?AT BEHAVE ! SAME AS EV] T[>DS ! BLACK & POOR4 

,AL?\< ,F]GUSON WAS A CLASSIC EXAMPLE ( A BLACK MAJORITY T]RORIZ$ BY A VIOL5T :ITE ELITE1 ! P[] /RUCTURE 9 ,BALTIMORE 9CLUDES A NUMB] ( BLACK AU?ORITY FIGURES4 ,?AT EXT5DS EV5 9TO ! POLICE DEP>TM5T3 ?REE ( ! SIX (FIC]S >RE/$ = ! MURD] ( ,FR$DIE ,GRAY >E BLACK4 ,YET PUTT+ BLACK PEOPLE 9 POSITIONS ( /ATE P[] HASN'T DONE AWAY ) POV]TY1 POLICE KILL+S1 OR O!R =MS ( /RUCTURAL RACISM 9 ,BALTIMORE4 ,BLACK POLITICIANS MAY HAVE BE5 ABLE TO AMELIORATE ! SITUATION TO SOME EXT5T1 BUT 9 ! 5D IT TOOK ! RIOTS ) :I* PEOPLE RESPOND$ TO ! MURD] ( ,FR$DIE ,GRAY TO =CE ! ISSUE ( :ITE SUPREMACY4 

,PEOPLE ( ANY BACKGR\ND CAN MA9TA9 :ITE SUPREMACI/ 9/ITUTIONS4 ,DESPITE M$IA H&WR++ AB\T ,F]GUSON'S DISPROPORTIONATELY :ITE POLICE =CE1 WE DON'T JU/ NE$ AFFIRMATIVE ACTION AMONG ?OSE :O IMPOSE /RUCTURAL OPPRESSION2 WE NE$ TO MAKE IT IMPOSSIBLE = !SE 9/ITUTIONS TO DOM9ATE PEOPLE 9 ! FIR/ PLACE4 

,AFT] ! 9ITIAL EXPLOSION1 *IEF PROSECUTOR ,M>ILYN ,MOSBY SUCCE$$ 9 AV]T+ FUR!R CONFRONTATIONS BY ANN\NC+ ! FIL+ ( *>GES AGA9/ ,FR$DIE ,GRAY'S MURD]]S IMM$IATELY AHEAD ( ! DEMON/RATIONS S*$UL$ = ,MAY ,DAY WEEK5D4 ,H] DECISION TO PRESS *>GES WAS EXCEPTIONAL & C\RAGE\S1 BUT MO/ ( ?OSE *>GES W\LD NEV] HAVE BE5 FIL$ IF NOT = CLA%ES LIKE ! ONES %E WAS TRY+ TO =E/ALL4 ,IT IS A MI/AKE TO TURN PEOPLE FROM MEANS ( PROTE/ ?AT 9T]RUPT ! /ATUS QUO BACK TO 9EFFECTIVE /RATEGIES ?AT RELY ON ! 9/ITUTIONAL *ANNELS ( R$RESS4 ,EV5 IF ! (FIC]S RESPONSIBLE = ,FR$DIE ,GRAY'S DEA? >E F\ND GUILTY1 ?AT WILL NOT PROVE ?AT ! SY/EM CAN POLICE ITSELF1 BUT RA!R ?AT IT TAKES A FULL-SCALE UPRIS+ TO IMPOSE EV5 A MODICUM ( CONSEQU5CES ON ?OSE :O MA9TA9 IT4 ,RA!R ?AN SETT+ \T TO RE=M ! C\RT SY/EM ONE RIOT AT A TIME1 IT W\LD MAKE MORE S5SE TO ASK :AT !SE UPRIS+S LACK TO BECOME /EPS T[>DS REVOLUTION>Y *ANGE4 

,9 RESPONSE TO ?AT POSSIBILITY1 ?OSE :O HAVE ! GREATE/ CAUSE TO FE> *ANGE--! AU?ORITIES1 ! CORPORATE M$IA1 & REPRES5TATIVES ( ! MIDDLE CLASS--SET \T TO FRAME ! UPRIS+ 9 ,BALTIMORE AS PA?OLOGICAL & PU]ILE4 ,! CURFEW ?AT WAS IMPOS$ 9 ,BALTIMORE ON ,APRIL #bi ALONG ) ! ,NATIONAL ,GU>D OCCUPATION WAS AN EXT5SION ( ! CURFEW ?AT HAD ALREADY BE5 9 PLACE1.<#a.> = Y\NG PEOPLE 9 ?AT CITY ALL YE>4 ,9 EFFECT1 ! ,APRIL #bi CURFEW SIGNIFI$ ! 9FANTILIZ+ ( ! :OLE ADULT POPULATION ( ,BALTIMORE1 AN 9T5SIFICATION ( ! FUNCTION ?AT ! /ATE ALWAYS PLAYS 9 PACIFY+ & SIDEL9+ PEOPLE4 

,?IS IS ! LI<T 9 :I* WE MU/ UND]/& ! CORPORATE M$IA N>RATIVE AB\T ! MO!R :O HIT H] SON = MASK+ UP & ?R[+ ROCKS ON ! PREMISE %E DIDN'T WANT HIM TO BECOME YET ANO!R ,FR$DIE ,GRAY4.<#b.> ,?AT N>RATIVE 9DIVIDUALIZES BLAME = POLICE VIOL5CE--9 FACT1 ,FR$DIE ,GRAY WAS NOT COMMITT+ ANY SORT ( CRIME :5 HE WAS >RE/$4 ,!RE IS NO 9DIVIDUAL SOLUTION = ! /RUCTURAL VIOL5CE DIRECT$ AT ,FR$DIE ,GRAY & C\NTLESS Y\NG PEOPLE LIKE HIM--& LIKELY NO SOLUTION ?AT 9VOLVES OBEY+ ! LAW OR WAIT+ = IT TO TAKE ITS DUE C\RSE4 ,WAIT+ ON ! C\RTS IS YET MORE 9FANTILIZ+3 HU% UP & LET ! ADULTS TAKE C>E ( ?IS4 

,BUT ?AT SORT ( SIDEL9+ IS BECOM+ LESS & LESS FEASIBLE4 ,9 ,F]GUSON & !N 9 ,BALTIMORE1 WE SAW *ILDR5 ?R[+ ROCKS BECAUSE !IR P>5TS HAD ALREADY BE5 9CAPACITAT$ OR IMPRISON$1 JU/ LIKE 9 ,PALE/9E--& BECAUSE1 AS 9 ,PALE/9E1 !Y KNEW ?AT !RE W\LD BE NO PAY(F TO BEHAV+ !MSELVES4 ,!RE HAS BE5 A LOT ( RHETORIC AB\T FA!RLESS *ILDR51 & 9DE$ A %OCK+ PROPORTION ( M5 HAVE BE5 KIDNAPP$ FROM BLACK COMMUNITIES 9 PLACES LIKE ,WE/ ,BALTIMORE4 ,BUT ! TRU? IS ?AT BLACK Y\? SUCCE$$ 9 =C+ ! ISSUE ( POLICE VIOL5CE :]E EV]YONE ELSE HAD FAIL$4 ,9 9T]RUPT+ ! FUNCTION+ ( A SY/EM ?AT HAS NO PLACE = !M1 !Y >E ! ONES OP5+ ! POSSIBILITY ( REAL *ANGE1 NOT ! BLACK LEAD]%IP ( ! PREVI\S G5]ATION4 

,FROM ,F]GUSON TO ,BALTIMORE1 ! CYCLE ( REVOLT ACCEL]AT$ & 9T5SIFI$4 ,! >C ( EV5TS ?AT TOOK A WEEK & A HALF TO UNFOLD 9 ,F]GUSON PLAY$ \T MU* MORE RAPIDLY 9 ,BALTIMORE4 ,L>GE P>TS ( ! CITY W]E 9 FLAMES )9 TWO DAYS ( ! FIR/ CONFRONTATIONS1 & ! ,NATIONAL ,GU>D WAS DEPLOY$ ALMO/ IMM$IATELY2 ,MOSBY FIL$ ! *>GES ?AT EFFECTIVELY CONCLUD$ ! UPRIS+ JU/ F\R DAYS LAT]4 ,DESPITE ! SPE$Y QUELL+ ( ! RIOTS1 IT SEEMS POSSIBLE ?AT ! /ATE HAD NE>LY REA*$ ! LIMIT ( :AT IT C\LD DO TO IMPOSE :ITE SUPREMACI/ 9EQUALITY BY MA9 =CE3 ) ! PRISONS PACK$1 ONCE ! ,NATIONAL ,GU>D IS DEPLOY$1 ESCALAT+ TO A HI<] LEVEL ( REPRESSION W\LD MEAN DECL>+ OP5 W> ON ! POPULATION4 

,IF MULTIPLE UPRIS+S W]E TO OCCUR SIMULTANE\SLY 9 ! SAME REGION1 CONTROL MI<T BREAK D[N COMPLETELY4 ,H5CE ! AU?ORITIES' SCRAMBL+ TO MOLLIFY PEOPLE !Y HAD BE5 IGNOR+ = YE>S4 

,FROM ,BALTIMORE TO ,S\? ,C>OL9A 

  

,A WEEK BE=E ! MURD] ( ,FR$DIE ,GRAY1 A POLICE (FIC] HAD MURD]$ ,WALT] ,SCOTT1 AN UN>M$ BLACK MAN1 9 ,NOR? ,*>LE/ON1 ,S\? ,C>OL9A1 %OOT+ HIM 9 ! BACK AS HE FL$4 ,! KILL+ WAS CAU<T ON VIDEO1 & )9 ?REE DAYS ! (FIC] WAS *>G$ ) MURD]4 ,EV5 9 ! BIR?PLACE ( ! ,CONF$]ACY1 ! SPECT] ( UPRIS+ =C$ ! AU?ORITIES TO IMPOSE CONSEQU5CES ON ! POLICE4 

,YET :5EV] GOV]NM5TAL 5=CEM5T ( :ITE SUPREMACY REA*ES ITS LIMITS 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES1 9DEP5D5T :ITE SUPREMACI/ ACTIVITY PICKS UP4 ,! CLASSIC EXAMPLE ( ?IS IS ! EM]G5CE ( ! ,KU ,KLUX ,KLAN & SIMIL> ORGANIZATIONS LIKE ! ,:ITE ,LEAGUE & ! ,R$ ,%IRTS AFT] ! ABOLITION ( SLAV]Y4 ,9 MANY CASES1 IT WAS ! SAME %]IFFS1 JUDGES1 & LEGISLATORS :O 5=C$ RACI/ LAWS ON ! BOOKS DONN+ ROBES & HOODS TO PICK UP :]E ! LAWS LEFT (F4 

,9 REC5T MON?S1 WE'VE SE5 A RESURG5CE ( AUTONOM\S :ITE SUPREMACI/ ACTIVITY1 9CLUD+ A SPATE ( *UR* BURN+S ?AT BEGAN 9 ,F]GUSON IMM$IATELY AFT] ! DECISION NOT TRY ,D>R5 ,WILSON = ! MURD] ( ,MI*AEL ,BR[N4 ,BUT ?AT C\LD BE ONLY ! TIP ( ! ICEB]G4 

,9 RESPONSE TO ! UPRIS+S ( ! PA/ FEW YE>S1 WE >E SEE+ POLICE--& ! SUBSET ( MIDDLE-CLASS ,AM]ICA FROM :I* MANY ( !M >E DRAWN--BEG9N+ TO CONCEIVE ( !IR 9T]E/S AS DI/9CT FROM ! RE/ ( ! /ATE /RUCTURE4 ,9 #b#a#a1 DUR+ ! PEAK ( ,OCCUPY ,OAKL&1 ,MAYOR ,JEAN ,QUAN WRE/L$ ) ! ,OAKL& ,POLICE ,DEP>TM5T1 :I* REPEAT$LY ASS]T$ A CONTR>Y AG5DA4 ,SOME?+ SIMIL> OCCURR$ BETWE5 ! ,N,Y,P,D & ,MAYOR ,BILL DE ,BLASIO 9 ,NEW ,YORK ,CITY LA/ W9T]1 :5 ,NEW ,YORK ,CITY POLICE C>RI$ \T AN UN(FICIAL /RIKE DEM&+ MORE UNCONDITIONAL SUPPORT FROM ! GOV]NM5T--9 EFFECT1 DEM&+ ! FRE$OM TO EMPLOY VIOL5CE ) IMPUNITY4 ,AFT] ! ,BALTIMORE UPRIS+1 !RE WAS A LOT ( GRUMBL+ AMONG ,M>YL& POLICE :O BLAM$ !IR SUP]IORS = NOT P]MITT+ !M TO USE MORE VIOL5CE AGA9/ DEMON/RATORS4 

,?IS K9D ( FRU/RATION C\LD GIVE RISE TO NEW RACI/ MOVEM5TS ?AT WILL UND]/& !MSELVES AS NE$+ TO TAKE ! LAW 9TO !IR [N H&S 9 ORD] TO MA9TA9 LAW & ORD] & DEF5D PRIVATE PROP]TY4 ,SOME?+ SIMIL> HAS OCCURR$ 9 ,GREECE ) ! EM]G5CE ( ! FASCI/ P>TY ,GOLD5 ,DAWN1 :I* N[ C\NTS A GREAT P>T ( ! C\NTRY'S POLICE (FIC]S 9 ITS RANKS4 ,?AT MAKES IT ESPECIALLY OM9\S ?AT ! ,OA? ,KEEP]S1 A P>AMILIT>Y ORGANIZATION ( =M] POLICEM5 & SOLDI]S1 HAVE MADE REPEAT$ APPE>ANCES AT DEMON/RATIONS 9 ,F]GUSON4 

,AUTONOM\S MOVEM5TS ( ALL /RIPES HAVE AN ADVANTAGE TODAY1 :5 GOV]NM5T IS WIDELY DISCR$IT$4 ,LIKE AN>*I/S 9 CONTRA/ TO LIB]ALS1 AUTONOM\S :ITE SUPREMACI/S >E MORE EFFECTIVE ?AN G>D5-V>IETY RACI/S BECAUSE !Y >E PREP>$ TO USE DIRECT ACTION TO A*IEVE !IR GOALS4 ,:AT IS AT /AKE H]E IS :AT AUTONOMY WILL MEAN 9 ! PUBLIC IMAG9ATION3 FRE$OM & RESI/ANCE TO OPPRESSION1 OR UN*ECK$ RACI/ VIOL5CE4 ,! DISC\RSE ( AUTONOMY IS /RATEGICALLY PRECI\S T]RITORY2 :OEV] IS ABLE TO OCCUPY IT WILL BE ABLE TO DET]M9E ! FRAME )9 :I* PEOPLE CONCEPTUALIZE SOCIAL *ANGE4 

,= ! /ATE1 ! 9T5SIFICATION ( EXTRA-GOV]NM5TAL :ITE SUPREMACI/ ACTIVITY IS AN OPPORTUNITY TO *ANGE ! SUBJECT4 ,SU* ACTIVITY 5ABLES ! GOV]NM5T TO PRES5T ITSELF AS PROTECT+ PEOPLE FROM RACI/ VIOL5CE1 DIRECT+ ATT5TION AWAY FROM ALL ! NORMALIZ$ WAYS ?AT ! /ATE IMPOSES SU* VIOL5CE4 ,! IMAGE ( ! ,NATIONAL ,GU>D HOLD+ BACK :ITE VIGILANTES DUR+ 9TEGRATION 9 ! ,S\? GAVE ! F$]AL GOV]NM5T DECADES ( CR$IBILITY1 EV5 ?\< ! SAME ,NATIONAL ,GU>D PUT D[N ! RIOTS ( ! LATE #a#i#fS4 ,IF ANY?+ LIKE ,GOLD5 ,DAWN OR ! ,K,K,K ( ! #a#i#bS GETS (F ! GR\ND 9 ! ,U,S TODAY1 MANY PEOPLE CURR5TLY 9VOLV$ 9 MOVEM5TS AGA9/ POLICE & PRISONS WILL L9E UP BEH9D ! GOV]NM5T AGA91 LEGITIMIZ+ ?OSE 9/ITUTIONS AS NECESS>Y TOOLS AGA9/ :ITE SUPREMACI/S EV5 ?\< 9 ! LONG RUN !Y WILL ALWAYS BE US$ *IEFLY AGA9/ ! BLACK1 BR[N1 & POOR4 

,SO F>1 WE HAVE YET TO SEE A SURGE 9 ORGANIZ$ GR\P VIOL5CE FROM FASCI/S OR ROGUE POLICE (FIC]S4 ,AUTONOM\S :ITE SUPREMACI/ VIOL5CE HAS REMA9$ ! PROV9CE ( LONE WOLVES LIKE ,DYLANN ,RO(1 :O C>RI$ \T A RACI/ MASSACRE 9 ,*>LE/ON1 ,S\? ,C>OL9A 9 ,JUNE #b#a#e1 REPORT$LY ) ! 9T5TION ( CATALYZ+ A RACE W>4 ,PHOTOGRAPHS %[$ HIM BR&I%+ A ,CONF$]ATE FLAG & O!R RACI/ 9SIGNIA4 

,9 RESPONSE1 ACTIVI/S R5EW$ !IR APPEAL TO ! /ATE LEGISLATURE TO REMOVE ! ,CONF$]ATE FLAG FROM ITS (FICIAL PLACE ON ! GR\NDS ( ! /ATE CAPITOL4 ,9 #a#i#f#a1 ,DEMOCRATIC ,GOV]NOR ,]NE/ ,HOLL+S HAD 9ITIAT$ LEGISLATION TO RAISE ! ,CONF$]ATE FLAG ON ! CAPITOL GR\NDS AS A SYMBOL ( RESI/ANCE TO ! CIVIL RI<TS MOVEM5T4 ,DESPITE ! 5D ( LEGAL SEGREGATION1 ! FLAG /OOD1 DEFY+ AN ,N,A,A,C,P T\RISM BOYCOTT S9CE #b4 

,ON ,JUNE #b#a1 DAYS AFT] ! ,EMANUEL ,*UR* MASSACRE1 0,BLACK ,LIVES ,MATT]0 GRAFFITI APPE>$ ON ,CONF$]ATE MONUM5TS 9 ,*>LE/ON & ELSE:]E4 ,ON ,JUNE #b#g1 ,BLACK ,LIVES ,MATT] ACTIVI/ ,BRITTANY ,ANN ,BYU>IM ,NEWSOME WAS >RE/$ & *>G$ ) 0DEFAC+ A MONUM5T0 AFT] CLIMB+ UP ! FLAGPOLE AT ! /ATE CAPITOL & REMOV+ ! ,CONF$]ATE FLAG4 ,LESS ?AN TWO WEEKS LAT]1 LAWMAK]S VOT$ TO REMOVE IT FROM ! ,/ATE ,CAPITOL4 

,?IS DEMON/RATES ! P[] ( DIRECT ACTION4 ,! T\RISM BOYCOTT HAD BE5 9EFFECTIVE2 SO LONG AS ! /ATE P]CEIV$ NO 9T]NAL ?REAT TO ORD]1 IT C\LD AF=D TO %RUG (F A FEW LO/ T\RI/ DOLL>S & ! 9DIGNATION ( ACTIVI/S4 ,BUT :5 UPRIS+S ELSE:]E >\ND ! ,U,S DOVETAIL$ ) LOCAL \TRAGE1 ! WILL+NESS ( A FEW 9DIVIDUALS TO BREAK ! LAW HA/5$ A PROCESS ?AT O!RWISE C\LD HAVE DRAGG$ ON DECADES LONG]4 ,! SPECTACLE ( A /ATE CLAIM+ TO OPPOSE RACISM >RE/+ AN ACTIVI/ = REMOV+ AN (FICIALLY SANCTION$ SYMBOL ( RACISM FROM ! HEADQU>T]S ( ! /ATE LEFT ! LAWMAK]S NO *OICE--ESPECIALLY AFT] ! ,KU ,KLUX ,KLAN S*$UL$ A RALLY AT ! CAPITOL = ,JULY #a#h1 ?REAT5+ TO CREATE AN ADDITIONAL SPECTACLE ( EXPLICIT RACI/S \TSIDE ! LEGISLATURE ALLI$ ) FILIBU/]+ ,REPUBLICANS )94 ,ON ,JULY #i1 ! LEGISLATORS VOT$ TO TAKE D[N ! ,CONF$]ATE FLAG1 REBR&+ !MSELVES AS ANTI-RACI/S4 ,AS 9 ,F]GUSON & ,BALTIMORE1 DIRECT ACTION HAD %IFT$ ! T]RA91 COMPELL+ (FICIALS TO SCRAMBLE TO CAT* UP4 

,YET BY FOCUS+ ATT5TION ON REMOV+ ! ,CONF$]ATE FLAG FROM ! /ATE CAPITOL1 ACTIVI/S HAD DISPLAC$ RAGE AGA9/ ! RACI/ MURD]S 9 ,S\? ,C>OL9A ONTO A SYMBOLIC ISSUE ?AT LEGISLATORS C\LD ADDRESS4 ,! ROLE ( ! ,KU ,KLUX ,KLAN H]E APTLY ILLU/RATES H[ EXTRA-GOV]NM5TAL :ITE SUPREMACI/ ACTIVITY CAN BE ADVANTAGE\S = ! /ATE4 

,?IS WAS ! CONTEXT 9 :I* ,KLANSM5 & WOM51 POLICE1 & PROTE/]S ATT5D+ A BLACK-ORGANIZ$ C\NT]DEMON/RATION CONV]G$ UPON ! /ATE CAPITOL GR\NDS ( ,COLUMBIA1 ,S\? ,C>OL9A ON ,JULY #a#h1 #b#a#e4 ,! ,KLANSM5 HOP$ TO ATTRACT ! ATT5TION ( ANGRY :ITES :O FELT VICTIMIZ$ BY REC5T VICTORIES AGA9/ :ITE SUPREMACY2 IF !Y C\LD PRES5T !MSELVES AS ! SOLE REMA9+ DEF5D]S ( A FLAG & A TRADITION AB&ON$ BY ! AU?ORITIES1 !Y W\LD W9 NEW ADH]5TS = EXTRA-GOV]NM5TAL :ITE SUPREMACI/ ORGANIZ+4 ,! AU?ORITIES HOP$ TO PRES]VE ORD]1 %[+ ?AT !Y C\LD CONTROL OPPON5TS ( ! /ATE ON BO? SIDES1 9 ORD] TO KEEP ! /ATE ITSELF C5TRAL = ALL SEEK+ SOCIAL *ANGE4 ,! PROTE/]S1 AS USUAL1 W]E DIVID$ BETWE5 A V>IETY ( GOALS & ME?ODOLOGIES2 !Y RAN ! GAMUT FROM RELIGI\S PACIFI/S TO BLACK SEP>ATI/S TO PR$OM9ANTLY :ITE AN>*I/S4 

,! DAY 5D$ 9 A R\T = ! ,KLAN1 ) A MULTIE?NIC CR[D 9CLUD+ AN>*I/S *AS+ !M BACK TO !IR C>S & PELT+ !M ) PROJECTILES AS ! OV]EXT5D$ POLICE /RUGGL$ TO PROTECT !M4 ,MORE ,KLANSM5 W5T TO ! HOSPITAL ?AN PROTE/]S W5T TO JAIL4 ,! DEMON/RATORS HAD PREV5T$ ! ,KLAN FROM ASS]T+ AN IMAGE ( /R5G?1 HOPEFULLY DISC\RAG+ DISSATISFI$ :ITE PEOPLE FROM JO9+ !M4 ,AT ! SAME TIME1 COMP>$ TO ! EV5TS 9 ,F]GUSON & ,BALTIMORE1 ! POLICE HAD CEAS$ TO BE ! *IEF SUBJECT ( ! DEMON/RATIONS2 ,DYLANN ,RO(1 ! CONTROV]SY AB\T ! ,CONF$]ATE FLAG1 & ! ,KLAN RALLY HAD %IFT$ ! SUBJECT AWAY FROM POLIC+ & O!R NORMALIZ$ & FUNDAM5TAL ASPECTS ( ! :ITE SUPREMACI/ P[] /RUCTURE1 T[>DS EXCEPTIONAL & SYMBOLIC EXPRESSIONS ( :ITE SUPREMACY4 ,AS SOCIAL CONFLICTS POL>IZE & MORE & MORE PEOPLE ON BO? SIDES BREAK (F FROM /ATE-BAS$ /RATEGIES1 IT WILL BE ESPECIALLY IMPORTANT TO CONT9UE CONFRONT+ ! 9/ITUTIONALIZ$ :ITE SUPREMACY ( ! /ATE4 

,NEXT ,TIME ,IT ,EXPLODES 

  

,! POLICE 9 ! ,/4 ,L\IS >EA HAVE CONT9U$ !IR PATT]N ( KILL+ SOMEONE EV]Y MON? OR SO S9CE ! PROTE/S !RE LA/ ,AUGU/ & ,NOVEMB]4 ,! POLICE 9 ,BALTIMORE & ,S\? ,C>OL9A WILL SURELY CONT9UE KILL+1 AS WELL1 EV5 IF !Y >E MORE ANXI\S AB\T ! CONSEQU5CES2 APP>5TLY1 IT REQUIRES ?IS LEVEL ( P]PETUAL VIOL5CE TO PRES]VE ! CURR5T SOCIAL ORD]4 ,IT WILL TAKE MORE ?AN RE=MS1 MORE ?AN 9DIVIDUAL UPRIS+S1 TO PUT A /OP TO POLICE MURD]4 

,OV] ! PA/ SEV5 YE>S1 WE HAVE SE5 A SL[1 /EADY ESCALATION 9 ! TACTICS ?AT PROTE/]S 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES FEEL 5TITL$ TO EMPLOY4 ,9 #bh & #b#i1 ONLY ! MO/ RADICAL /UD5T GR\PS W5T SO F> AS TO OCCUPY UNIV]SITIES2 9 #b#a#a1 ,OCCUPY BECAME ! WAT*WORD ( AN 5TIRE MASS MOVEM5T4 ,DUR+ ! ,OCCUPY MOVEM5T1 ONLY ! MO/ RADICAL GR\PS W5T SO F> AS TO BLOCKADE ANY?+2 DUR+ ! ,BLACK ,LIVES ,MATT] PROTE/S ( ,NOVEMB] & ,DECEMB] #b#a#d1 PEOPLE >\ND ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES EMPLOY$ BLOCKAD+ ON A REGUL> BASIS4 ,DUR+ ! PROTE/S ?AT SPREAD FROM ,F]GUSON 9 #b#a#d1 ONLY ! MO/ 5RAG$ P>TICIPANTS 5GAG$ 9 V&ALISM1 >SON1 & LOOT+2 YET PROTE/]S 9 ,BALTIMORE ESCALAT$ TO V&ALISM1 >SON1 & LOOT+ AS SOON AS !IR DEMON/RATIONS ESCAP$ POLICE CONTROL4 ,ALL ?IS ILLU/RATES ! VALUE ( PU%+ ! 5VELOPE3 DEMON/RAT+ NEW TACTICS1 H[EV] UNPOPUL> !Y MAY BE AT ! TIME1 SO ?AT !Y 5T] ! PUBLIC IMAG9ATION = FUTURE USE4 

,?IS ESCALATION HAS BE5 MAT*$ BY A %IFT 9 POPUL> DISC\RSE4 ,DUR+ ! FLA%PO9TS 9 ,F]GUSON & ,BALTIMORE1 SOME M$IA \TLETS PUBLI%$ D>+ $ITORIALS EXPLA9+ ! RIOTS AS ACTS ( DESP]ATION1 OR MAK+ >GUM5TS = :Y PEOPLE HAD GIV5 UP ON NONVIOL5CE4 ,WE HAVE NOT SE5 SU* A PUBLIC VALIDATION ( MILITANT TACTICS 9 ! ,U,S = DECADES4 

,YET !RE IS A BIG DIFF]5CE BETWE5 VALIDAT+ & P>TICIPAT+4 ,!SE PUNDITS SEEM TO HAVE OBTA9$ ALL ! CR$IBILITY ( 5DORS+ MILITANT TACTICS )\T ANY ( ! 9CONV5I5CES ( EMPLOY+ !M4 ,ALL ( !SE $ITORIALS >E CONC]N$ ONLY ) EXPLA9+ & LEGITIMIZ+ :AT !Y ESS5TIALLY TREAT AS EXOTIC PH5OM5A2 ! IMPLICATION IS ?AT ! RE/ ( US MI<T ACCEPT :AT ! RIOT]S >E DO+ FROM A DI/ANCE1 BUT C]TA9LY NOT P>TICIPATE 9 IT \RSELVES4 ,O!R ASPIR+ ALLIES >RIVE AT ! SAME CONCLUSION FROM A DIFF]5T DIRECTION1 BE+ SO C>EFUL NOT TO USURP ! AG5CY ( ! MO/ AFFECT$ COMMUNITIES ?AT !Y 5D UP /&+ ASIDE 5TIRELY OR PUTT+ !IR WEI<T BEH9D L[]-RISK 9ITIATIVES4 

,BUT IT IS DANG]\S & UNE?ICAL TO LEAVE ! GREATE/ RISKS TO ! MO/ VULN]ABLE PEOPLE4 ,IF IT MAKES S5SE = ! MO/ M>G9ALIZ$ & T>GET$ TO RISK !IR LIVES TO 9T]RUPT ! FUNCTION+ ( ! SY/EM ?AT IS KILL+ !M1 IT MAKES EV5 MORE S5SE = ! RE/ ( US TO DO SO4 ,IT'S NOT A QUE/ION ( UND]/&+ ! UPRIS+S1 BUT ( JO9+ & EXT5D+ !M 9 ORD] TO R5D] !M UNNECESS>Y4 ,?AT DOESN'T NECESS>ILY MEAN 9VAD+ O!RS' NEI<BORHOODS3 ! NEXT TIME A ,F]GUSON OR A ,WE/ ,BALTIMORE ]UPTS1 IT MI<T BE MO/ EFFECTIVE = ?OSE :O WI% TO %[ SOLID>ITY TO 9ITIATE ACTIONS ELSE:]E1 9 ORD] TO OV]EXT5D ! AU?ORITIES4 ,NOR %\LD IT MEAN C5TRALIZ+ \RSELVES 9 ! N>RATIVE3 SOLID>ITY MEANS TAK+ ON ! SAME RISKS ?AT O!RS >E EXPOS$ TO--NO?+ MORE1 NO?+ LESS4 

,! PREC>I\S RAPPORT DE =CE ?AT HAS LA/$ S9CE ! ,BALTIMORE UPRIS+ WILL LIKELY P]SI/ UNTIL ANO!R DEMOGRAPHIC 5T]S ! CONFLICT4 ,IT'S NOT CLE> H[ MU* FUR!R ! /ATE CAN GO TO MA9TA9 ! CURR5T ORD] BY MEANS ( PURE =CE4 ,IF UPRIS+S OCCURR$ 9 MULTIPLE CITIES 9 ! SAME REGION AT ! SAME TIME1 OR IF A MU* BROAD] RANGE ( PEOPLE GOT 9VOLV$1 ALL BETS W\LD BE (F4 

,BUT AS 9TIMAT$ ABOVE1 ! NEXT DEMOGRAPHIC TO 5T] ! SPACE ( CONFLICT MI<T WELL BE A REACTION>Y =CE4 ,S\? ,C>OL9A IS NOT ! ONLY PLACE 9 :I* /RUGGLES AGA9/ /ATE VIOL5CE HAVE %IFT$ SEAMLESSLY 9TO /RUGGLES AGA9/ AUTONOM\S :ITE SUPREMACI/S4 ,SOME AN>*I/S & FELL[ TRAVEL]S HAVE GLIBLY 9VOK$ 0SOCIAL W>0 OR 0CIVIL W>10 )\T FULLY GRASP+ ?AT SU* W>S USUALLY 5D UP PLAY+ \T ALONG E?NIC & RELIGI\S L9ES 9 ! MO/ REACTION>Y MANN]4.<#c.> ,AS ! T5SIONS 9 \R SOCIETY 9CREASE1 IT IS UP TO US TO R5D] IT POSSIBLE TO IMAG9E O!R L9ES ( CONFLICT4 ,! ,DYLANN ,RO(S ( ! WORLD & !IR EQUIVAL5TS )9 ! HALLS ( P[] WANT NO?+ BETT] ?AN TO SEE SOCIETY SPLIT 9TO W>R+ RACIAL FACTIONS1 ) POOR :ITES JO9+ POLICE & O!R DEF5D]S ( ! MIDDLE CLASS TO SUPPRESS ! RAGE ( ! BLACK & DISAFFECT$4 ,:ITE PEOPLE MU/ NOT C\NT5ANCE ?IS DIVISION1 EV5 \T ( A WRON<EAD$ DESIRE TO /& ASIDE \T ( RESPECT = BLACK AUTONOMY4 ,?AT W\LD SPELL DOOM = ! MO/ M>G9ALIZ$ PEOPLE 9 ?IS /RUGGLE1 H[EV] MU* GOOD LIB]ALS MI<T APPLAUD !IR C\RAGE\S EF=TS FROM AF>4 ,RA!R1 WE HAVE TO PRODUCE A N>RATIVE ( MULTIE?NIC /RUGGLE AGA9/ :ITE SUPREMACY & CAPITALISM BY P>TICIPAT+ DIRECTLY 9 ! CLA%ES ?AT >E OCCURR+ RI<T N[--BO? SO ?AT IT WILL BE IMPOSSIBLE = :ITE SUPREMACI/S TO CONV9CE POT5TIAL CONV]TS ?AT ! IMPORTANT L9ES DIVID+ SOCIETY >E RACIAL1 & SO ?AT ?OSE :O >E MORE RACIALLY & ECONOMICALLY M>G9ALIZ$ ?AN US WILL NOT HAVE CAUSE TO CONCLUDE ?AT !Y HAVE 9DE$ BE5 AB&ON$4 

,FI<T+ :ITE SUPREMACY 9 ?IS CONTEXT MEANS SPREAD+ ! CLA%ES ) ! AU?ORITIES1 :ILE CRU%+ AUTONOM\S RACI/ 9ITIATIVES :]EV] !Y APPE>4 ,IT MEANS CONFRONT+ FASCI/S--AN ESS5TIALLY RE>GU>D BATTLE--BUT IT ALSO MEANS TAK+ ! 9ITIATIVE 9 ATTACK+ CAPITALISM & ! /ATE1 9T5SIFY+ ! /RUGGLES WE >E ALREADY 94 ,ONLY BY =EGR\ND+ AN>*I/ SOLUTIONS TO ! PROBLEMS ( POOR PEOPLE1 9CLUD+ POOR :ITE PEOPLE1 CAN WE MAKE IT IMPOSSIBLE = RACI/S TO RECRUIT FROM ! RANKS ( ! POOR1 :ITE1 & ANGRY4 

,9 %ORT3 CLASS W>1 NOT RACE W>4 ,WE MAY HAVE LESS TIME ?AN WE KN[4  
  

0,?AT LEFT WAS TOO LO/ 9 DELUSIONS ( SUCCESS ALMO/ )9 !IR H&S1 DELUSIONS ( MANEUV]+ TOGE!R A MAJORITY1 TO BO!R EV5 REALLY UND]/&+ FASCISM COM+ UP FA/ 9 !IR RE> VIEW MIRROR4 ,! URG5T NE$ WAS TO ORGANIZE A WORK+ M9ORITY TO C\NT] FASCISM 9 A MU* MORE RADICAL WAY4 ,NOT BY TRY+ TO DEF5D LIB]AL B\RGEOIS RULE4 ,ALL ! REAL ?+S ?AT HAD TO BE DONE BY SCATT]$ ,G]MAN ANTI-FASCI/S LAT] AFT] ! ,NAZIS W]E PUT 9TO P[]--SU* AS TO SURVIVE POLITICALLY1 TO SIGNIFICANTLY SABOTAGE ! W> EF=T1 TO RESCUE ,JEWS & ,ROMANY & GAYS1 TO BUILD AN UND]GR\ND AGA9/ ! MADNESS ( ! ,?IRD ,REI*--ALL !SE ?+S W]E ATTEMPT$ BRAVELY BUT L>GELY UNSUCCESSFULLY1 BECAUSE !Y HAD TO BE DONE TOO LATE FROM SCRAT*4 ,?IS IS A MU* L>G] SUBJECT1 TOO L>GE TO DOVE 9TO N[1 BUT IT IS ON ! HORIZON1 LIKE ! SMOKE ( A DI/ANT =E/ FIRE40 

-- ,J4 ,SAKAI1 0,:5 ,RACE ,BURNS ,CLASS0  

,APP5DIX ,I3 ,TIMEL9E ( ! ,BALTIMORE ,UPRIS+ 

  

FROM AN 9T]VIEW ,U,S AN>*I/S ANSW]$ = ! ,GREEK AN>*I/ NEWS S]VICE1 ,APATRIS 

  

,APRIL #ab -- ,FR$DIE ,GRAY WAS >RE/$ = MAK+ EYE CONTACT ) AN (FIC]4 ,HE WAS 9T5TIONALLY 9JUR$ 9 POLICE CU/ODY :ILE BE+ TRANSPORT$ TO JAIL1 & D5I$ PROP] M$ICAL C>E4 ,HE PASS$ AWAY ON ,APRIL #ai AS A CONSEQU5CE ( !SE 9JURIES4  

,APRIL #bf -- ,ON ,SATURDAY1 !RE WAS A LAW-ABID+ PROTE/ RALLY 9 ! AFT]NOON4 ,IT CONCLUD$ ) A M>* 9 :I* P>TICIPANTS V&ALIZ$ POLICE C>S & CLA%$ ) DRUNK1 RACI/ SPORTS FANS4 ,! POLICE CREAT$ A CONTROL P]IMET]1 BUT 9SIDE ( ?IS SPACE1 DEMON/RATORS REPORT$LY W]E FREE TO DE/ROY PROP]TY = SOME H\RS4 ,! POLICE HAD LO/ CONTROL4  

,APRIL #bh -- ,ON ,MONDAY1 A MESSAGE REPORT$LY CIRCULAT$ AMONG HI< S*OOL /UD5TS VIA SOCIAL M$IA CALL+ = A 0PURGE0 ?AT AFT]NOON AT A MALL 9 ,BALTIMORE3 A REF]5CE TO A ,HOLLYWOOD MOVIE 9 :I* LAWS & POLIC+ >E SUSP5D$4 ,! MALL 9 QUE/ION IS A MAJOR TRANSIT C5T] = KIDS TRAVEL+ TO & FROM S*OOL4 ,BALTIMORE DOESN'T HAVE S*OOL BUSSES2 KIDS USE PUBLIC TRANSIT4 ,POLICE PREEMPTIVELY %UT D[N ! MALL1 FLOOD$ ! /REETS ) (FIC]S 9 RIOT GE>1 & %UT D[N PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION1 /OPP+ BUSSES & =C+ EV]YONE (F ( !M4 ,9 ?IS T5SE SITUATION1 ) NO:]E TO GO1 Y\? BEGAN TO CLA% ) ! POLICE4 ,9 AT LEA/ ONE 9/ANCE1 POLICE (FIC]S W]E DOCUM5T$ ?R[+ ROCKS BACK AT *ILDR54 

,BY NI<TFALL1 !RE W]E RIOTS & FIRES ALL OV] ! CITY1 9CLUD+ SOME ( ! :IT] NEI<BORHOODS4 ,OV] A HUNDR$ C>S W]E SET ON FIRE1 9CLUD+ MANY POLICE C>S1 & OV] A DOZ5 BUILD+S W]E BURN$1 MO/ FAM\SLY ! ,C,V,S AT ! 9T]SECTION ( ,P5N & ,NOR?4 ,CORPORATE M$IA PLAY$ LIVE FOOTAGE ( LOOT+ FROM HELICOPT]S1 ! NEWSCA/]S WAIL+ & WR++ !IR H&S AB\T ! LOSS ( PROP]TY :ILE DESCRIB+ ! PEOPLE BEL[ 9 PEJORATIVE T]MS4 ,LOOK+ D[N UNCOMPREH5D+LY AT ! PEOPLE !Y SAID W]E 0BURN+ !IR [N NEI<BORHOODS10 !Y (F]$ ! P]SPECTIVE ( ! /ATE--! SAME P]SPECTIVE AS ! DRONES SAIL+ OV] ,PAKI/AN4 

,! MAYOR DECL>$ A /ATE ( EM]G5CY1 CALL$ 9 POLICE FROM >\ND ! /ATE ALONG ) ! ,NATIONAL ,GU>D1 & ANN\NC$ A SEV5-DAY CURFEW TO GO 9TO EFFECT ,TUESDAY4 ,! OV]:ELM$ C\RT SY/EM WAS NOT ABLE TO KEEP UP ) ALL ! >RE/EES1 SOME ( :OM W]E EV5TUALLY RELEAS$ )\T *>GES4  

,APRIL #bi -- ,ON ,TUESDAY1 ! CITY WAS T5SE4 ,ON PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION1 Y\ C\LD HE> PEOPLE BRAGG+ AB\T :AT !Y'D LOOT$1 MO/LY BASIC NECESSITIES4 ,WITNESSES REPORT$ A FEEL+ 9 ! AIR TO ! EFFECT ?AT 0,WE DID :AT WE HAD TO DO40 ,COMMUNITY ORGANIZATIONS SPONSOR$ CLEANUP ACTIVITIES1 AS 9 ,LONDON 9 #b#a#a1 & 0PEACEKEEP]S0 W]E \T HOP+ TO PREV5T MORE FI<T+ & RIOT+ FROM BREAK+ \T4 

,IT'S IMPORTANT TO EMPHASIZE ?AT BECAUSE SO MU* ( ! POPULATION ( ,BALTIMORE IS BLACK1 !RE W]E BLACK PEOPLE 9VOLV$ 9 ALL ( !SE DIFF]5T RESPONSES--BLACK POLITICIANS1 BLACK PEACEKEEP]S1 BLACK POLICE1 BLACK COMMUNITY ORGANIZ]S1 BLACK BUS9ESS [N]S1 BLACK RIOT]S4 

,ON ,TUESDAY1 S9CE S*OOLS W]E CLOS$1 ,R$ ,EMMA'S 7! PRIM>Y AN>*I/ SPACE 9 T[N7 PROVID$ A PLACE = KIDS :O W]5'T 9 S*OOL & = HOMELESS Y\? FROM A %ELT] ?AT HAD BE5 DE/ROY$ 9 ! RIOT+4 ,FREE FOOD WAS COLLECT$ & DI/RIBUT$ ?R\< ORGANIZATIONS 9 O!R NEI<BORHOODS--L>GELY *UR* ORGANIZATIONS1 :I* PLAY A ROLE 9 ,BALTIMORE POLITICS1 9CLUD+ RADICAL POLITICS4 

,! 9T]SECTION ( ,P5N @& ,NOR?1 :]E ! ,C,V,S HAD BE5 BURN$1 BECAME ! DEFAULT SPACE = PROTE/]S SEEK+ CONFLICT TO GA!R--SIMIL> TO ! ,QUIK,TRIP ?AT WAS BURN$ 9 ,F]GUSON4 ,! CURFEW WAS 5=C$ VIOL5TLY AT #a PM2 PEOPLE F\<T BACK AGA9/ POLICE1 BUT NO?+ LIKE :AT HAD HAPP5$ ON ,MONDAY4  

,APRIL #c -- ,ON ,W$NESDAY1 MANY GR\PS CALL$ = M>*ES1 EV5 ?\< ! /ATE ( EM]G5CY BANN$ ALL PUBLIC GA!R+S2 !SE M>*ES W]E ALL GRANT$ P]MITS AT ! LA/ M9UTE1 ACKN[L$G+ ! LEV]AGE PROTE/]S HAD GA9$ AGA9/ ! /ATE4 ,! RESULT+ M>*1 L$ BY BLACK & BR[N Y\?1 WAS ! L>GE/ ANYONE HAD SE5 9 ,BALTIMORE = A LONG TIME1 ?\< IT WAS DW>F$ BY ! M>*ES ?AT FOLL[$ ON ,FRIDAY & ,SATURDAY4 ,! M>* CONC$$ TO POLICE DEM&S NOT TO /AY 9 FRONT ( ,CITY ,HALL1 & MADE ITS WAY BACK TO ,P5N ,/ATION1 DISP]S+ >\ND #i PM SO PEOPLE C\LD GET 9SIDE BY CURFEW4 ,MORE FI<T+ 5SU$ AFT] CURFEW AT ! 9T]SECTION ( ,P5N & ,NOR?4  

,MAY #a -- ,MORE DEMON/RATIONS W]E S*$UL$ = ,MAY #a & #b2 !Y W]E EXPECT$ TO DRAW PEOPLE FROM NE>BY CITIES & LIKELY BECOME CONFRONTATIONAL AGA94 ,BUT ON ! MORN+ ( ,FRIDAY1 ,MAY #a1 /ATE'S ATTORNEY ,MOSBY ANN\NC$ ?AT SIX POLICE (FIC]S W\LD BE *>G$ ) CRIMES AS A RESULT ( ,FR$DIE ,GRAY'S DEA?2 ONE ( !M IS BE+ *>G$ ) MURD]4 

,!RE W]E UNP]MITT$ M>*ES >\ND ! CITY ALL DAY & LATE 9TO ! NI<T4 ,MO/ PEOPLE GA!R$ D[NT[N AT ,CITY ,HALL & ,MC,KELD9 ,SQU>E1 ! 0FREE SPEE* ZONE0 :]E ! AU?ORITIES USUALLY TRY TO KEEP PROTE/]S4 ,! M>* DREW SOME?+ LIKE #e PEOPLE & PROCE$$ ELEV5 MILES1 DUR+ :I* IT PICK$ UP & LO/ PEOPLE CON/ANTLY2 SOME S\RCES E/IMAT$ #a1 OR MORE P>TICIPANTS ALTOGE!R4 ,! ATMOSPH]E WAS JOY\S4 ,POLICE W]E NOT NUM]\S 5\< TO CONTA9 ! DEMON/RATORS1 BUT KEPT !M FROM TAK+ HI<WAYS & PROTECT$ C]TA9 T>GETS4 ,9 ! JAIL DI/RICT1 PRISON]S JO9$ 9 ! *ANT+ FROM BEH9D ! WALLS1 MO/LY 0,ALL NI<T1 ALL DAY1 WE WILL FI<T = ,FR$DIE ,GRAY40 

,PICKUP TRUCKS OV]FL[+ ) PEOPLE JO9$ ! M>* 9 ,WE/ ,BALTIMORE4 ,IT HEAD$ BACK D[NT[N1 !N SL[LY DISP]S$ >\ND ! TIME ( CURFEW4 ,H[EV]1 AT ,CITY ,HALL1 #e-#a PEOPLE /AY$ PA/ CURFEW & AT LEA/ #ac W]E >RE/$1 MANY ( ?OSE >RE/S VIOL5T4 ,!RE WAS MORE CURFEW VIOL5CE AT ! 9T]SECTION ( ,P5N & ,NOR?1 AS WELL4  

,MAY #b -- ,ON ,SATURDAY1 !RE W]E MORE M>*ES4 ,AT ?IS PO9T1 MU* ( ! 5]GY HAD %IFT$ T[>DS SEEK+ AMNE/Y = >RE/EES1 MANY ( :OM FAC$ SEV]E *>GES4 ,= EXAMPLE1 ONE Y\NG MAN :O SMA%$ ! W9D[S ( A POLICE C>1 :OSE P>5T HAD CONV9C$ HIM TO TURN HIMSELF 91 WAS BE+ HELD ON @s#e1 BAIL4 

,SATURDAY NI<T SAW ! BROADE/ ANTI-CURFEW ORGANIZ+4 ,A MO/LY :ITE GR\P MET 9 A MO/LY :ITE NEI<BORHOOD2 POLICE %[$ UP 9 =CE1 BUT GAVE W>N+ AFT] W>N+ TO DISP]SE & PLEAD$ ) ! GR\P NOT TO GET >RE/$4 ,PEOPLE AGRE$ TO DISP]SE1 S9CE JAIL SUPPORT RES\RCES W]E ALREADY SPREAD ?94 ,POLICE REPORT$LY (F]$ TO DRIVE PEOPLE HOME AFT]W>DS4 ,MEAN:ILE1 AT ! 9T]SECTION ( ,P5N & ,NOR?1 POLICE BEAT & PEPP]-SPRAY$ & >RE/$ PEOPLE1 ESPECIALLY BLACK PROTE/]S4 ,A FAIRLY L>GE NUMB] ( M$ICS & PEOPLE ORGANIZ+ JAIL SUPPORT W]E >RE/$ AT ! JAIL = CURFEW VIOLATION4  

,MAY #c -- ,ON ,SUNDAY1 ! MAYOR LIFT$ ! CURFEW TWO DAYS E>LY1 RESPOND+ TO COMPLA9TS FROM BUS9ESS [N]S4 ,?+S HAD CALM$ D[N4  
  

.<#a.> ,! #bad >TICLE L9K$ H]E BLI!LY REASSURES ! READ] ( ! GOOD 9T5TIONS ( ! POLICE 5=C+ ! CURFEW3 0,! ,BALTIMORE ,POLICE HAVE REC5TLY BE5 TRA9$ ON DEAL+ ) Y\?4 ,TO EMPHASIZE ?AT ?OSE CAU<T VIOLAT+ CURFEW >E NOT CONSID]$ CRIM9ALS1 ! CITY SAYS MO/ *ILDR5 \T LATE WILL BE TRANSPORT$ 9 VANS--NOT 9 ! BACK ( POLICE C>S40 ,9DE$1 ,FR$DIE ,GRAY WAS FATALLY 9JUR$ 9 ! BACK ( A VAN1 HAV+ BE5 >RE/$ = NO CRIM9AL ACTIVITY :ATSOEV]4  

.<#b.> ,! C\NT]P>T ( ?AT N>RATIVE IS ! MO!R :O P]SUAD$ H] SON TO TURN HIMSELF 9 = HIS ROLE 9 V&ALIZ+ A POLICE C>1 ONLY TO SEE HIM HELD ON @s#e1 BAIL--AFT]W>DS1 :5 IT WAS TOO LATE1 %E REGRETT$ TELL+ HIM TO 5TRU/ HIS FATE TO ! AU?ORITIES4 

.<#c.> ,:ILE #a#i? C5TURY ,FRANCE SAW A S]IES ( CIVIL W>S F\<T ALONG CLASS L9ES1 IT IS TELL+ ?AT ! ONLY CIVIL W> 9 ! HI/ORY ( ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES WAS 9ITIAT$ BY ?OSE :O WI%$ TO PRES]VE SLAV]Y4 

7,S\RCE3 ,RETRIEV$ ON #bND ,DECEMB] #bb FROM CRIME?9C4COM47 

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,*RONOLOGY 3 
,JANU>Y #a#d1 #bbb 3 ,NEXT ,TIME ,IT ,EXPLODES -- ,ADD$4 

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