,ON 0,REMAK+ ( ! ,AM]ICAN ,LEFT0 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,MURRAY ,BOOK*9 

,TAGS 3 IMMIGRANT SOCIALI/S & AN>*I/S1 MUNICIPALIZATION ( ! ECONOMY1 OLD IMMIGRANT SOCIALI/S1 SOCIALI/S & AN>*I/S1 POPUL> LEFT1 AM]ICAN LEFT1 OLD IMMIGRANT1 AM]ICAN PEOPLE1 /ANLEY >ON[ITZ1 IDEOLOGICAL LEFT4 

,TEXT 3 

,?IS >TICLE APPE>S 9 ,AN>*Y ,>*IVES ) ! P]MISSION ( ! AU?OR4 

,ON 0,REMAK+ ( ! ,AM]ICAN ,LEFT0 

,MURRAY ,BOOK*9 

  

,PHOTO BY ,NATALIE ,TSANG1,C,C ,B,Y-,N,C-,N,D ,LIC5SE ,/,A,N,L,E,Y ,>,O,N,[,I,T,Z HAS WRITT5 A G5]ALLY ADMIRABLE & IMPORTANT WORK 9 ,SOCIALI/ ,REVIEW1 0,! ,REMAK+ ( ! ,AM]ICAN ,LEFT10 ?AT DES]VES WIDESPREAD DISCUSSION4 ,= ! PRES5T1 ,I W\LD LIKE TO FOCUS ON :AT ,I REG>D AS A CORE ISSUE ( ! >TICLE1 NOTABLY ,>ON[ITZ'S DI/9CTION 0BETWE5 ! IDEOLOGICAL LEFT ( SOCIALI/S1 COMMUNI/S1 LIB]T>IANS ( V>I\S SORTS 4 4 4 & ! POPUL> LEFT0 :I* 9 PA/ DECADES CONSI/$ ( MOVEM5TS = R$I/RIBUTIVE JU/ICE10 BY :I* ,I TAKE ,>ON[ITZ TO MEAN ! TRADITIONAL LABOR1 AGR>IAN1 & UNEMPLOY$ MOVEM5TS ( ! #a#i#cS & E>LI] P]IODS4 ,:ILE !SE MOVEM5TS C]TA9LY L+] ON AT V>Y+ LEVELS ( CONSCI\SNESS & DEGREES ( ORGANIZATION1 ,I FEEL WE CANNOT GIVE 5\< EMPHASIS TODAY TO RADICAL 5VIRONM5TALI/S1 FEM9I/S1 GAYS1 E?NIC GR\PS1 C\NT]CULTURAL FOLK1 & PEACE ACTIVI/S4 ,I DO NOT BELIEVE ! LATT] SIMPLY 0SUPPLEM5T0 ! 0POPUL> LEFT0 ( TRADITIONAL SOCIALISM1 & ,I AM SURE ?AT ,>ON[ITZ W\LD AGREE ) MY =MULATION4 ,:AT ,I DO ?9K1 H[EV]1 IS ?AT MANY LEFTI/S TODAY FAIL TO RECOGNIZE ?AT ! OLD 0POPUL> LEFT0 & ! NEW ONE REFLECT BASICALLY *ANG+ SOCIAL CON- TEXTS ( A HI/ORICAL NATURE ?AT HAVE NOT RECEIV$ SUFFICI5T EMPHASIS AMONG SOCIALI/S & AN>*I/S-*ANGES ?AT %\LD PR(\NDLY AFFECT \R /RATEGIES = ! LEFT AS A :OLE4 

,! OLD 0IDEOLOGICAL LEFT0 HAD ITS ROOTS 9 A SPECIAL K9D ( 0POPUL> LEFT03 ! SIZABLE IMMIGRANT POPULATION & ITS *ILDR5 FROM :I* IT RECRUIT$ ITS MO/ DEVOT$ CADRES & ACQUIR$ ITS MAT]IAL RES\RCES4 ,?IS POPULATION1 9 TURN1 DEVELOP$ ITS [N RADICALISM >\ND ! CONFLICT ( 0TOIL]S0 NOT ONLY ) CAPITALISM BUT ALSO ) ! QUASI-FEUDAL HI]>*IES ?AT P]MEAT$ ! PRE 9DU/RIAL WORLD ( S\!RN & EA/]N ,EUROPE4 ,9 TRANSPLANT+ !SE /RUGGLES TO ,AM]ICA1 ! IMMIGRANT 0POPUL> LEFT0 T5D$ TO P>ALLEL A SEP>ATE1 MORE DOME/IC ,AM]ICAN RADICALISM L>GELY ROOT$ 9 ! LIB]T>IAN1 DEC5TRALI/1 & AMORPH\SLY 9DIVIDUALI/IC TRADITIONS ( ,NEW ,5GL& ,PURITANISM & FRONTI] IDEOLOGIES4 ,AM]ICAN RADICALISM ( PA/ ]AS1 9 EFFECT1 WAS ,QUIXOTICALLY S*IZOPHR5IC 9 ITS IDEALS & TRADITIONS1 M>K$ BY 9T]NAL DIVISIONS :I* ,DEBS'S ,SOCIALI/ ,P>TY & ! ,I,W,W TRI$ EPHEM]ALLY TO HEAL-A ,EUROPEAN SOCIALISM ?AT HAD ITS ROOTS 9 ! /RUGGLE ) QUASI-FEUDAL CONTEXTS AS WELL AS ) CAPITALI/ ONES & AN ,AM]ICAN POPULISM ?AT HAD ITS ROOTS AS MU* 9 ! LIB]T>IAN CONTEXT ( ! ,AM]ICAN ,REVOLUTION & FRONTI] AS 9 ! EM]G+ 9DU/RIAL WORLD ?AT FOLL[$ ! ,CIVIL ,W>4 

,RADICALS >E N[ FAC$ ) ! COMPELL+ FACT ?AT ! OLD IMMIGRANT SOCIALI/S & AN>*I/S >E GONE4 ,!Y LIVE AMONG US AS NO/ALGIC-& AG+-FIGURES ( ! PA/4 ,!IR ,EUROPEAN TRADITIONS & IDEALS REMA9 MORE AS MEMORIES ?AN AS VISIONS ( ! FUTURE4 ,! DOME/IC AGR>IAN POPULI/ MOVEM5TS ( AN E>LI] ,AM]ICA >E ALSO L>GELY GONE1 BUT :AT IS CRUCIAL IS ?AT1 9 CONTRA/ TO ! OLD IMMIGRANT SOCIALI/S & AN>*I/S1 !Y HAUNT US 9 A V]Y DIFF]5T WAY4 ,!IR UTOPIAN VISION ( ! ,AM]ICAN ,DREAM ! IMAGE ( ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES AS A 0,NEW ,J]USALEM0-L+]S ON AS A CONT9U+ NATIONAL IDEOLOGY ( M9IMAL GOV]NM5T1 9DIVIDUAL FRE$OM1 DEC5TRALI/ IDEALS1 & LOCALI/ CLAIMS4 ,?IS IS NOT M]ELY ! F>E ON :I* ! RI<T HAS N\RI%$ ITSELF IDEOLOGICALLY ) ITS SLOGANS ( A 0,NEW ,F$]ALISM0 & D]EGULATION4 ,IT WAS ALSO GIV5 A LEFTI/ TWI/ 9 ! ,PORT ,HURON ,/ATEM5T ( #aifb & ,M>T9 ,LU!R ,K+'S 0,I ,HAVE A ,DREAM0 SPEE* 9 ,WA%+TON4 ,CLO!D 9 ! F\ND+ DOCUM5TS ( ,JEFF]SON'S ,DECL>ATION ( ,9DEP5D5CE1 MANY /ATE CON/ITUTIONS1 & EV5 ! NATIONAL CON SITUATION1 ?IS UTOPIAN DIM5SION /ILL OB/RUCTS RUL+ CLASS EF=TS TO C5TRALIZE ECONOMIC & POLITICAL P[]1 TO EXT5D ! AU?ORITY & SURVEILLANCE ( ! POLICE1 & TO COMPLETELY DISEMP[] ! ,AM]ICAN PEOPLE4 ,AS ! OLD IMMIGRANT TRADITIONS FADE AWAY1 ALL RADICALS WILL HAVE TO COME TO T]MS ) ! /ILL LIV+ ELEM5TS ( ,AM]ICAN TRADITIONS ?AT A CORPORATE SOCIETY IS PAT5TLY SEEK+ TO UPROOT4 ,PUT BLUNTLY3 \R 0B\RGEOIS DEMOCRACY0 IS NO LONG] COMPATIBLE ) A CYB]NETIC1 ROBOTIC1 HI<LY C5TRALIZ$ & RATIONALIZ$ SOCIETY4 

,IT IS )9 ?IS =CE-FIELD ( A UTOPIAN TRADITION ?AT HAS GIV5 ,AM]ICA ITS V]Y ID5TITY & ! BRUTE NE$S ( A CORPORATE SOCIETY ?AT ?REAT5S TO SUBV]T IT ?AT ! ,AM]ICAN LEFT CAN HOPE TO EXT5D ITSELF FROM ! IDEOLOGICAL TO ! POPUL> REALM-FROM A L>GELY SECT>IAN TO A SOCIAL MOVEM5T4 ,! IMM$IATE LOCUS ( SU* A POPUL> REALM LIES 9 ! NEI<BORHOOD & ! MUNICIPALITY4 ,CALL IT A COMMUNIT>IAN SOCIALISM1 LIB]T>IAN MUNICIPALISM OR1 = ?AT MATT]1 A NEW POPULISM-A WORD WE HAVE NO REASON :ATEV] TO FE>-,I SUBMIT ?AT A RADICAL !ORY ?AT FAILS TO ANALYZE ?IS LOCAL SPH]E1 TO EXPLORE ITS SOCIAL POT5TIALITIES1 WILL REMA9 A FAIRLY N>R[ POLITICAL !ORY COMMITT$ TO 0P>TYNESS0 & P> LIAM5T>ISM4 ,IT W\LD BE PRESUMPTU\S TO BLUEPR9T ! 9/ITUTIONAL DESIGN ( SU* A NEW POPULISM = EV]Y ,AM]ICAN COMMUNITY4 ,9 NOR!RN ,V]MONT1 :]E ,I LIVE1 IT TAKES ! =M ( ! T[N MEET+1 :I* HAS GA9$ NEW VITALITY AS A RESULT ( ITS MORAL AU?ORITY 9 LAUN*+ ! NUCLE>-FREEZE MOVEM5T4 ,9 L>G] CITIES OR T[NS1 IT MAY TAKE ! =M ( CITIZ5 ASSEMBLIES SU* AS ?OSE 9 ,BURL+TON1 ,V]MONT1 :]E 0 ,NEI<BORHOOD ,ASSEMBLIES0 HAVE BE5 LEGALLY E/ABLI%$ 9 ! CITY'S SIX W>DS-A NETWORK ?AT C\LD JU/ AS WELL EXI/ 9 CITIES AS L>GE AS ,NEW ,YORK & ,SAN ,FRANCISCO4 ,:ATEV] ! =M MAY BE & H[EV] MU* MUNICIPAL =MS MAY SUCCE$ 9 CONF$]AT+ ON A REGIONAL & HOPEFULLY NATIONAL SCALE1 !Y >E AS 0,AM]ICAN0 AS APPLE PIE4 ,!Y SIGNIFICANTLY 9T5SIFY ! =CE-HELD ( POLITICAL LIFE ?AT PLACES ,AM]ICA'S CORPORATE FUTURE AT ODDS ) ! C\NTRY'S MO/ L(TY TRADITIONAL IDEALS4 

,BY ! SAME TOK51 A POPULI/ VISION ( LIB]T>IAN MUNICIPALISM HAS ITS [N ECONOMIC P]SPECTIVE1 AS ,I HAVE CONT5D$ 9 MY WRIT+S OV] ! PA/ FEW YE>S-! MUNICIPALIZATION ( ! ECONOMY 9 CONTRA/ TO ITS NATIONALIZATION4 ,CONCEPTUALLY ?IS CAN BE DRAWN FROM ,PAUL ,BR\SSE & HI/ORICALLY FROM ! ,P>IS ,COMMUNE-AN UPSURGE WE READILY CELEBRATE BUT :I* WE HAVE G5]ALLY EXPLOR$ 9 A SOME:AT WRONG-HEAD$ WAY4 ,TAK5 BY ITSELF1 TO BE SURE1 ! MUNICIPALIZATION ( ! ECONOMY CAN BE A QUITE VACU\S DEM& 7AS SO MANY 0PUBLICLY [N$0 UTILITIES SO CLE>LY REVEAL7IF IT DOES NOT ASS]T ! CONTROL ( CITIZ5 ASSEMBLIES OV] ECONOMIC LIFE4 ,9 !ORY1 H[EV]1 MUNICIPAL CONTROL 9 DI/9CTION TO NATIONALIZATION %IFTS ! ECONOMIC EMPHASIS ( SOCIETY FROM ! C5T] TO ! BASE1 FROM ! /ATE TO ! COMMUNITY4 ,& IT IS ONLY AS GOOD AS ! COMMUNAL /RUCTURES ?AT EX]CISE ?IS CONTROL1 NOT AS AN AB/RACT =MULA ?AT ULTIMATELY BECOMES A M]E PLAY ON ! WORDS 0MUNICIPALIZATION0 & 0NATIONALIZATION40 

,WE HAVE PRODUC$ ! CONT\RS ( A C\NT]CULTURE-NOT ONLY 9 LIFE/YLE BUT 9 ECOLOGY1 FEM9ISM1 GAY RI<TS & LESBIAN RI<TS MOVEM5TS1 & ! CLAIMS ( E?NIC ID5TITY4 ,?IS C\NT]CULTURE1 MIX$ & LACK+ AS IT MAY BE 9 MANY RESPECTS1 =MS ! UND]P9N+S ( MAJOR MOVEM5TS 9 ,EUROPE TODAY1 NOTABLY ! ,G]MAN ,GRE5S4 ,:AT WE MU/ N[ HELP ! ,AM]ICAN PEOPLE CREATE-9 SOME RESPECTS REVIVE->E ! DEC5TRALIZ$ & CONF$]AL C\NT]9/ITUTIONS ?AT WILL PROVIDE ?IS C\NT]CULTURE ) POLITICAL TANGIBILITY4 ,)9 ?IS COMMUNIT>IAN & POPULI/ FRAMEWORK1 WE CAN REA* WORK+ PEOPLE1 NO LESS ?AN ! MIDDLE-CLASS /RATA1 AS PEOPLE-P>5TS1 *ILDR51 NEI<BORS1 9DIVIDUALS :O >E CONC]N$ ) !IR 5VIRONM5T1 PEACE ISSUES1 HEAL? PROBLEMS1 & ! LIKE ?AT CONC]N ALL CITIZ5S AS HUMAN BE+S4 ,WE CAN REA* !M AT A PO9T 9 !IR LIFEWAYS :]E !IR HUMANITY & !IR UNIV]SALITY TRANSC5D !IR MORE N>R[ CLASS BE+4 

,>ON[ITZ'S >TICLE CONT9UALLY $GES T[>D ! NEW CONTEXT ,I HAVE TRI$ TO PRES5T & ALMO/ 9VITES US TO ASK ?AT HE GO FUR!R ) ! L9E ( ?\<T HE SEEMS TO OP5 UP4 ,HE DESCRIBES 0NEW SOCIAL MOVEM5TS0 ?AT OPPOSE 0! PREVAIL+ E?OS ?AT SUBORD9ATES HEAL?1 WORK+ SATISFACTION1 & EV5 HUMAN SURVIVAL TO ! ACCUMULATION ( CAPITAL0-PEOPLE1 9 FACT1 :O HAVE R5\NC$ 0CONSUMPTION AS IDEOLOGY1 AS WELL AS ECONOMIC GR[? AS ! CONDITION ( HUMAN HAPP9ESS40 ,ONE CANNOT HELP BUT ASK3 H[ WILL AN ,AM]ICAN RADICAL MOVEM5T ?AT SEEKS TO 5COMPASS !SE GR[+ /RATA 9/ITUTIONALLY >TICULATE !IR ASPIRATIONS & FROM :AT POLITICAL TRADITIONS WILL IT DRAW ITS 9SPIRATION8 ,AS A P>TY ?AT WILL TRY TO UNITE A WAN+ LABOR MOVEM5T ) ECOLOGY1 PEACE1 C\NT]CULTURAL1 GAY1 LESBIAN1 & E?NIC GR\PS8 ,WILL IT TRY TO F9D ITS C\NT]9/ITUTIONS 9 ! ,AM]ICAN TRADITION ( LOCALISM1 COMMUNITY1 AUTONOMY1 DEC5TRALISM1 & CITIZ5S0 ASSEMBLIES & 9ITIATIVE GR\PS ?AT1 CONF$]AT$ REGIONALLY & NATIONALLY1 WILL =M A C\NT]P[] TO ! GR[+ CORPORATE & C5TRAL P[]8 ,WILL IT DRAW ITS 9SPIRATION FROM AN ,AM]ICAN LIB]T>IAN POPULISM 7ADMITT$LY1 GROSSLY TA9T$ WORDS 9 ACADEMIC CIRCLES BUT NOT AMONG ! ,AM]ICAN PEOPLE7 ?AT IS PURG$ ( ITS *URLI% EGOISM1 0FREE 5T]PRISE0 SPIRIT1 & PROPRIET>IANISM1 JU/ AS ! AN>*I/S ( ,SPA9 PURG$ ! ,SPANI% VILLAGES ( ,&ALUSIA & ,>AGON ( ! TRAMMELS ( P>O*IALISM & ,CA?OLICISM1 :ILE PRES]V+ !IR SPIRIT ( MUTUAL AID & COLLECTIVISM8 ,!SE QUE/IONS1 ,I FEEL1 CAN NOT BE EXCLUD$ FROM ! DISC\RSE ( ! ,AM]ICAN LEFT 9 TRY+ TO =M A NEW AG5DA = ! ]A ?AT LIES AHEAD1 & ,/ANLEY ,>ON[ITZ IS TO BE COMPLIM5T$ = OP5+ ! >5A = SU* A DISC\RSE AMONG S]I\S SOCIALI/S4 

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