,ON ! ,PH5OM5OLOGY ( ,GIANT ,PUPPETS 
,BROK5 W9D[S1 IMAG9>Y J>S ( UR9E1 & ! COSMOLOGICAL ROLE ( ! POLICE 9 ,AM]ICAN CULTURE 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,DAVID ,GRAEB] 

,TEXT 3 

,:AT FOLL[S IS AN ESSAY ( 9T]PRETATION4 ,IT IS AB\T DIRECT ACTION 9 ,NOR? ,AM]ICA1 AB\T ! MASS MOBILIZATIONS ORGANIZ$ BY ! SO CALL$ 0ANTI-GLOBALIZATION MOVEM5T01 & ESPECIALLY1 AB\T ! W> ( IMAGES ?AT HAS SURR\ND$ IT4 ,IT BEG9S ) A SIMPLE OBS]VATION4 ,I ?9K IT'S FAIR TO SAY ?AT IF ! AV]AGE ,AM]ICAN KN[S JU/ TWO ?+S AB\T !SE MOBILIZATIONS1 !Y >E1 FIR/ ( ALL1 ?AT !RE >E (T5 PEOPLE DRESS$ 9 BLACK :O BREAK W9D[S2 SECOND1 ?AT !Y 9VOLVE COLORFUL GIANT PUPPETS4 

,I WANT TO />T BY ASK+ :Y !SE IMAGES 9 P>TICUL> APPE> TO HAVE SO /RUCK ! POPUL> IMAG9ATION4 ,I ALSO WANT TO ASK :Y IT IS ?AT ( ! TWO1 ,AM]ICAN POLICE SEEM TO HATE ! PUPPETS MORE4 ,AS MANY ACTIVI/S HAVE OBS]V$1 ! =CES ( ORD] 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES SEEM TO HAVE A PR(\ND AV]SION TO GIANT PUPPETS4 ,(T5 POLICE /RATEGIES AIM TO DE/ROY OR CAPTURE !M BE=E !Y CAN EV5 APPE> ON ! /REETS4 ,AS A RESULT1 A MAJOR CONC]N = ?OSE PLANN+ ACTIONS SOON BECAME H[ TO HIDE ! PUPPETS SO !Y WILL NOT BE DE/ROY$ 9 PREEMPTIVE ATTACKS4 ,:AT'S MORE1 = MANY 9DIVIDUAL (FIC]S AT LEA/1 ! OBJECTION TO PUPPETS APPE>$ TO BE NOT M]ELY /RATEGIC1 BUT P]SONAL1 EV5 VISC]AL4 ,COPS HATE PUPPETS4 ,ACTIVI/S >E PUZZL$ AS TO :Y4 

,TO SOME DEGREE ?IS ESSAY EM]GES FROM ?AT PUZZLEM5T4 ,IT IS WRITT5 V]Y MU* FROM ! P]SPECTIVE ( A P>TICIPANT4 ,I HAVE BE5 9VOLV$ 9 ! GLOBAL JU/ICE MOVEM5T.<#a.> = SIX YE>S N[1 HAV+ HELP$ TO ORGANIZE & TAK5 P>T 9 ACTIONS SMALL & L>GE1 & ,I HAVE SP5T A GOOD TIME WOND]+ AB\T SU* QUE/IONS MYSELF4 ,IF ?IS W]E SIMPLY AN ESSAY ON POLICE PSY*OLOGY1 ( C\RSE1 MY 9VOLVEM5T W\LD PUT ME AT A SIGNIFICANT DISADVANTAGE1 S9CE IT MAKES IT DIFFICULT TO C>RY \T DETAIL$ 9T]VIEWS ) POLICE4 ,GRANT$1 BE+ ACTIVE 9 ! MOVEM5T DOES AF=D FREQU5T OCCASIONS = CASUAL *ATS ) COPS4 ,BUT SU* *ATS >5'T ALWAYS ! MO/ 5LI<T5+4 ,! ONLY EXT5D$ CONV]SATION ,I EV] HAD ) POLICE (FIC]S ON ! SUBJECT ( PUPPETS1 ON ! O!R H&1 WAS C>RI$ \T :ILE ,I WAS H&CUFF$--:I* IF NO?+ ELSE MAKES IT V]Y DIFFICULT TO TAKE NOTES4 ,AT ANY RATE1 ?IS ESSAY IS NOT SO MU* AB\T ! P>TICUL>S ( POLICE1 OR ACTIVI/1 PSY*OLOGY AS :AT ! ,ANNALES S*OOL HI/ORIANS LIK$ TO CALL A 0/RUCTURE ( ! CONJUNCTURE03 ! PECULI>--& 5DLESSLY %IFT+--SYMBOLIC 9T]ACTIONS ( /ATE1 CAPITAL1 MASS M$IA1 & OPPOSITIONAL MOVEM5TS ?AT ! GLOBALIZATION MOVEM5T HAS SP>K$4 ,S9CE ANY /RATEGIC PLANN+ MU/ />T FROM AN UND]/&+ ( SU* MATT]S1 ?OSE 5GAG$ 9 PLANN+ SU* ACTIONS 5D UP 5DLESSLY DISCUSS+ ! CURR5T /ATE ( ?IS CONJUNCTURE4 ,I SEE ?IS ESSAY1 !RE=E1 AS A CONTRIBUTION TO AN ONGO+ CONV]SATION--ONE ?AT IS NECESS>ILY ES!TIC1 CRITICAL1 E?ICAL1 & POLITICAL ALL AT ! SAME TIME4 ,I ALSO SEE IT AS ULTIMATELY PURSU+ ! MOVEM5TS' AIMS & ASPIRATIONS 9 ANO!R =M4 ,TO ASK !SE QUE/IONS--,:Y PUPPETS8 ,:Y W9D[S8 ,:Y DO !SE IMAGES SEEM TO HAVE SU* MY?IC P[]8 ,:Y DO REPRES5TATIVES ( ! /ATE REACT ! WAY !Y DO8 ,:AT IS ! PUBLIC'S P]CEPTION8 ,:AT IS ! 0PUBLIC01 ANYWAY8 ,H[ W\LD IT BE POSSIBLE TO TRANS=M 0! PUBLIC0 9TO SOME?+ ELSE8--IS TO BEG9 TO TRY TO PIECE TOGE!R ! TACIT RULES ( GAME ( SYMBOLIC W>F>E1 FROM ITS ELEM5T>Y ASSUMPTIONS TO ! DETAILS ( H[ ! T]MS ( 5GAGEM5T >E NEGOTIAT$ 9 ANY GIV5 ACTION1 ULTIMATELY1 TO UND]/& ! /AKES 9 NEW =MS ( REVOLUTION>Y POLITICS4 ,I AM MYSELF P]SONALLY CONV9C$ ?AT SU* UND]/&+S >E !MSELVES REVOLUTION>Y 9 !IR IMPLICATIONS4 

,H5CE ! UNUSUAL /RUCTURE ( ?IS ESSAY1 9 :I* AN ANALYSIS ( ! SYMBOLISM ( PUPPETS LEADS TO A DISCUSSION ( POLICE M$IA /RATEGIES TO REFLECTIONS ON ! V]Y NATURE ( VIOL5CE & ! /ATE ( 9T]NATIONAL POLITICS4 ,IT IS AN ATTEMPT TO UND]/& AN HI/ORICAL MOM5T FROM ! P]SPECTIVE ON SOMEONE SITUAT$ 9SIDE IT4 

A PROBLEMATIC 

,!RE IS A WIDESPREAD P]CEPTION ?AT EV5TS SURR\ND+ ! ,W,T,O M9I/]IAL 9 ,SEATTLE 9 ,NOVEMB] #aiii M>K$ ! BIR? ( A NEW MOVEM5T 9 ,NOR? ,AM]ICA4 ,IT W\LD PROBABLY BE BETT] TO SAY ?AT ,SEATTLE M>K$ ! MOM5T :]E A MU* L>G]1 GLOBAL MOVEM5T--ONE :I* TRACES BACK AT LEA/ TO ! ,ZAPATI/A REBELLION 9 #a#i#i#d--MADE ITS FIR/ APPE>ANCE ON ,NOR? ,AM]ICAN %ORES4 

,NONE!LESS1 ! ACTIONS 9 ,SEATTLE W]E WIDELY CONSID]$ A SPECTACUL> VICTORY4 ,!Y W]E QUICKLY FOLL[$ 9 #b & #ba BY A S]IES ( SIMIL> MOBILIZATIONS 9 ,WA%+TON1 ,PRAGUE1 ,QUEBEC ,CITY1 & ,G5OA1 GR[+ 9 SIZE BUT FAC+ 9CREAS+ LEVELS ( /ATE REPRESSION4 ,SEPTEMB] #a#a? & SUBSEQU5T 0W> ON T]ROR0 *ANG$ ! NATURE ( ! PLAY+ FIELD1 5ABL+ GOV]NM5TS TO /EP UP ?IS REPRESSION QUITE DRAMATICALLY1 AS 9 ! ,U,S BECAME CLE> 9 ! EXTRAORD9>Y VIOL5CE ) :I* POLICE TACTICS CONFRONT$ PROTE/]S DUR+ ! ,FREE ,TRADE ,>EAS ( ! ,AM]ICAS SUMMIT 9 ,MIAMI 9 ,NOVEMB] #b#c4 ,S9CE !N ! MOVEM5T HAS L>GELY BE5 9 A PROCESS ( REGR\P+1 ?\< AT ! TIME ( WRIT+ 7SUMM] #b#f7 !RE >E 9CREAS+ SIGNS ( A SECOND W9D4 

,! MOVEM5T'S DIS>RAY WAS NOT SIMPLY DUE TO HEI<T5$ LEVELS ( REPRESSION4 ,ANO!R REASON WAS1 H[EV] P>ADOXICAL ?IS MAY SEEM1 ?AT IT REA*$ SO MANY ( ITS IMM$IATE GOALS SO QUICKLY4 

,AFT] ,SEATTLE1 ! ,W,T,O PROCESS FROZE 9 ITS TRACKS & HAS NEV] REALLY RECOV]$4 ,MO/ AMBITI\S GLOBAL TRADE S*EMES W]E SCOT*$4 ,! EFFECTS ON POLITICAL DISC\RSE W]E EV5 MORE REM>KABLE4 ,9 FACT ! *ANGE WAS SO DRAMATIC ?AT IT HAS BECOME DIFFICULT1 = MANY1 TO EV5 REMEMB] :AT PUBLIC DISC\RSE 9 ! YE>S IMM$IATELY BE=E ,SEATTLE WAS ACTUALLY LIKE4 ,9 ! LATE '#iS1 0,WA%+TON CONS5SUS01 AS IT WAS !N CALL$1 SIMPLY HAD NO SIGNIFICANT *ALL5G]S4 ,9 ! ,U,S ITSELF1 POLITICIANS & J\RNALI/S APPE>$ TO HAVE COME TO UNANIM\S AGREEM5T ?AT RADICAL 0FREE M>KET RE=MS0 W]E ! ONLY POSSIBLE APPROA* TO ECONOMIC DEVELOPM5T1 ANY:]E & EV]Y:]E4 ,9 ! MA9/REAM M$IA1 ANYONE :O *ALL5G$ ITS BASIC T5ETS ( ?IS FAI? WAS LIKELY TO BE TREAT$ AS IF !Y W]E ALMO/ LIT]ALLY 9SANE4 ,SPEAK+ AS SOMEONE :O BECAME ACTIVE 9 ! FIR/ MON?S ( #b1 ,I CAN ATTE/ ?AT1 H[EV] EXHIL>AT$ BY :AT HAD HAPP5$ AT ,SEATTLE1 MO/ ( US /ILL FELT IT W\LD TAKE FIVE OR T5 YE>S TO %ATT] !SE ASSUMPTIONS4 ,9 FACT IT TOOK LESS ?AN TWO4 ,BY LATE #b#a1 IT WAS COMMONPLACE TO SEE EV5 NEWS J\RNALS ?AT HAD JU/ MON?S BE=E D5\NC$ PROTE/]S AS SO MANY IGNORANT *ILDR51 DECL>+ ?AT WE HAD WON ! W> ( IDEAS4 ,MU* AS ! MOVEM5T AGA9/ NUCLE> P[] DISCOV]$ 9 ! '#gS & E>LY '#hS1 ! DIRECT ACTION APPROA* WAS SO EFFECTIVE ?AT %ORT-T]M GOALS W]E REA*$ ALMO/ IMM$IATELY1 =C+ P>TICIPANTS TO HAVE TO SCRAMBLE TO R$EF9E :AT ! MOVEM5T WAS ACTUALLY AB\T4 ,SPLITS QUICKLY DEVELOP$ BETWE5 ! 0ANTI-CORPORATES0 & ! 0ANTI-CAPITALI/S04 

,AS AN>*I/ IDEAS & =MS ( ORGANIZATION BECAME 9CREAS+LY IMPORTANT1 UNIONS & ,N,G,OS BEGAN TO DRAW BACK4 ,:AT'S CRITICAL = PRES5T PURPOSES IS ?AT ALL ?IS BECAME A PROBLEM L>GELY BECAUSE ! 9ITIAL MOVEM5T WAS SO SUCCESSFUL 9 GETT+ ITS MESSAGE \T4 

,I MU/1 H[EV]1 9TRODUCE ONE CRUCIAL QUALIFICATION4 ,?IS SUCCESS APPLI$ ONLY TO ! MOVEM5T'S NEGATIVE MESSAGE--:AT WE W]E AGA9/4 ,?AT ORGANIZATIONS LIKE ! ,I,M,F1 ,W,T,O1 & ,WORLD ,BANK W]E 9H]5TLY UNACC\NTABLE & UNDEMOCRATIC1 ?AT NEOLIB]AL POLICIES W]E DEVA/AT+ ! PLANET & ?R[+ MILLIONS ( HUMAN BE+S 9TO DEA?1 POV]TY1 HOPELESSNESS1 & DESPAIR--ALL ?IS1 WE F\ND1 WAS RELATIVELY EASY TO COMMUNICATE4 ,:ILE MA9/REAM M$IA W]E NEV] WILL+ TO QUOTE \R SPOKESPEOPLE OR RUN ! $ITORIALS WE S5T !M1 IT WASN'T LONG BE=E ACCR$IT$ PUNDITS & TALK+ HEADS 75C\RAG$ BY R5EGADE ECONOMI/S LIKE ,JOSEPH ,/IGLITZ71 BEGAN SIMPLY REPEAT+ ! SAME ?+S AS IF !Y'D MADE !M UP !MSELVES4 ,ADMITT$LY1 ,AM]ICAN NEWSPAP] COLUMNI/S W]E NOT GO+ TO REPEAT ! :OLE ( ! MOVEM5T'S >GUM5TS--!Y C]TA9LY W]E NOT WILL+ TO REPEAT ANY?+ ?AT SUGGE/$ !SE PROBLEMS W]E ULTIMATELY ROOT$ 9 ! V]Y NATURE ( ! /ATE & CAPITALISM4 ,BUT ! IMM$IATE MESSAGE DID GET \T4 

,NOT SO = :AT MO/ 9 ! MOVEM5T W]E ACTUALLY =4 ,IF !RE WAS ONE C5TRAL 9SPIRATION TO ! GLOBAL JU/ICE MOVEM5T1 IT WAS ! PR9CIPLE ( DIRECT ACTION4 ,?IS IS A NOTION V]Y MU* AT ! HE>T ( ! AN>*I/ TRADITION &1 9 FACT1 MO/ ( ! MOVEM5T'S C5TRAL ORGANIZ]S--MORE & MORE 9 FACT AS TIME W5T ON--CONSID]$ !MSELVES AN>*I/S1 OR AT LEA/1 HEAVILY 9FLU5C$ BY AN>*I/ IDEAS4 ,!Y SAW MASS MOBILIZATIONS NOT ONLY AS OPPORTUNITIES TO EXPOSE ! ILLEGITIMATE1 UNDEMOCRATIC NATURE ( EXI/+ 9/ITUTIONS1 BUT AS WAYS TO DO SO 9 A =M ?AT ITSELF DEMON/RAT$ :Y SU* 9/ITUTIONS W]E UNNECESS>Y1 BY PROVID+ A LIV+ EXAMPLE ( G5U9E1 DIRECT DEMOCRACY4 ,! KEY WORD H]E IS 0PROCESS0--MEAN+1 DECISION-MAK+ PROCESS4 ,:5 MEMB]S ( ! ,DIRECT ,ACTION ,NETWORK OR SIMIL> GR\PS >E CONSID]+ :E!R TO WORK ) SOME O!R GR\P1 ! FIR/ QUE/ION ?AT'S LIKELY TO BE ASK$ IS 0:AT SORT ( PROCESS DO !Y USE80--?AT IS3 ,DO !Y PRACTICE 9T]NAL DEMOCRACY8 ,DO !Y VOTE OR USE CONS5SUS8 ,IS !RE A =MAL LEAD]%IP8 ,SU* QUE/IONS >E USUALLY CONSID]$ ( MU* MORE IMM$IATE IMPORTANCE ?AN QUE/IONS ( IDEOLOGY4.<#b.> ,SIMIL>LY1 IF ONE TALKS TO SOMEONE FRE% FROM A MAJOR MOBILIZATION & ASKS :AT %E F\ND MO/ NEW & EXCIT+ AB\T ! EXP]I5CE1 ONE IS MO/ LIKELY TO HE> LONG DESCRIPTIONS ( ! ORGANIZATION ( AFF9ITY GR\PS1 CLU/]S1 BLOCKADES1 FLY+ SQUADS1 SPOKESC\NCILS1 NETWORK /RUCTURES1 OR AB\T ! APP>5T MIRACLE ( CONS5SUS DECISION MAK+ 9 :I* ONE CAN SEE ?\S&S ( PEOPLE COORD9ATE !IR ACTIONS )\T ANY =MAL LEAD]%IP /RUCTURE4 ,!RE IS A TE*NICAL T]M = ALL ?IS3 0PREFIGURATIVE POLITICS04 ,DIRECT ACTION IS A =M ( RESI/ANCE :I*1 9 ITS /RUCTURE1 IS MEANT TO PREFIGURE ! G5U9ELY FREE SOCIETY ONE WI%ES TO CREATE4 ,REVOLUTION>Y ACTION IS NOT A =M ( SELF-SACRIFICE1 A GRIM D$ICATION TO DO+ :ATEV] IT TAKES TO A*IEVE A FUTURE WORLD ( FRE$OM4 ,IT IS ! DEFIANT 9SI/5CE ON ACT+ AS IF ONE IS ALREADY FREE4 

,! POSITIVE MESSAGE1 !N1 WAS A NEW VISION ( DEMOCRACY4 ,9 ITS ABILITY TO GET IT \T BE=E A L>G] PUBLIC1 ?\<1 ! MOVEM5T HAS BE5 /RIK+LY UNSUCCESSFUL4 ,GR\PS LIKE ! ,DIRECT ,ACTION ,NETWORK HAVE BE5 FAIRLY EFFECTIVE 9 DISSEM9AT+ !IR MODELS ( DECISION-MAK+ )9 ACTIVI/ CIRCLES 7S9CE !Y DO1 9 FACT1 WORK REM>KABLY WELL71 BUT BEYOND ?OSE CIRCLES1 !Y HAVE HAD V]Y LITTLE LUCK4 ,E>LY ATTEMPTS TO PROVOKE A PUBLIC DEBATE AB\T ! NATURE ( DEMOCRACY W]E 9V>IABLY BRU%$ ASIDE BY ! MA9/REAM M$IA4 ,AS = ! NEW =MS ( ORGANIZATION3 READ]S ( MA9/REAM NEWSPAP]S OR ,T,V VIEW]S1 EV5 ?OSE :O FOLL[$ /ORIES AB\T ! MOVEM5T FAIRLY ASSIDU\SLY1 W\LD HAVE HAD LITTLE WAY KN[ ?AT !Y EXI/$4 

,M$IA ,IMAGES 

,I DO NOT WANT TO LEAVE ! READ] ) ! IMPRESSION ?AT MANY ( ?OSE 9VOLV$ 9 ! GLOBAL JU/ICE MOVEM5T SEE !IR MA9 TASK AS GETT+ A MESSAGE \T ?R\< ! M$IA4 ,IT IS A SOME:AT UNUSUAL FEATURE ( ?IS NEW MOVEM5T ?AT L>GE ELEM5TS ( IT >E OP5LY HO/ILE TO ANY ATTEMPT TO 9FLU5CE :AT !Y CALL$ 0! CORPORATE M$IA01 OR EV51 9 MANY CASES1 TO 5GAGE ) IT AT ALL4 

,COMPANIES LIKE ,C,N,N OR ! ,ASSOCIAT$ ,PRESS1 !Y >GUE1 >E CAPITALI/ FIRMS2 IT W\LD BE UTT]LY NAIVE TO IMAG9E !Y W\LD BE5 WILL+ TO PROVIDE A FRI5DLY V5UE = ANYONE ACTIVELY OPPOS$ TO CAPITALISM--LET ALONE TO C>RY ANTI-CAPITALI/ MESSAGES TO ! PUBLIC4 ,SOME >GUE ?AT1 AS A KEY ELEM5T 9 ! /RUCTURE ( P[]1 ! M$IA APP>ATUS %\LD ITSELF BE CONSID]$ APPROPRIATE T>GETS = DIRECT ACTION4 ,ONE ( ! GREATE/ ACCOMPLI%M5TS ( ! MOVEM5T1 9 FACT1 HAS BE5 TO DEVELOP AN 5TIRELY NEW1 ALT]NATIVE M$IA NETWORK--,9DEP5D5T ,M$IA1 AN 9T]NATIONAL1 P>TICIPATORY1 ACTIVI/-DRIV51 L>GELY 9T]NET BAS$ M$IA PROJECT ?AT HAS1 S9CE ,SEATTLE1 PROVID$ MOM5T-TO-MOM5T COV]AGE ( L>GE MOBILIZATIONS 9 EMAIL1 PR9T1 RADIO1 & VIDEO =MS4 

,ALL ?IS IS V]Y MU* 9 ! SPIRIT ( DIRECT ACTION4 ,NONE!LESS1 !RE >E ALWAYS ACTIVI/S--EV5 AN>*I/S--:O >E WILL+ TO DO MORE TRADITIONAL M$IA WORK4 ,I MYSELF CAN (T5 BE C\NT$ AMONG !M4 ,DUR+ SEV]AL MOBILIZATIONS1 ,I 5D$ UP SP5D+ MU* ( MY TIME PREP>+ PRESS CONF]5CES1 ATT5D+ MEET+S ON DAILY SP9S & S\ND BITES1 & FIELD+ CALLS FROM REPORT]S4 ,I HAVE 9 FACT BE5 ! OBJECT ( SEV]E OPPROBRIUM FROM C]TA9 H>DCORE AN>*I/ CIRCLES AS A RESULT4 ,/ILL1 ,I ?9K ! AN>*I/ CRITIQUE IS L>GELY CORRECT--ESPECIALLY 9 ,AM]ICA4 ,9 MY [N EXP]I5CE1 $ITORS & MO/ REPORT]S 9 ?IS C\NTRY >E 9H]5TLY SUSPICI\S ( PROTE/S1 :I* !Y T5D TO SEE NOT AS REAL NEWS /ORIES BUT AS >TIFICIAL EV5TS CONCOCT$ TO 9FLU5CE !M4.<#c.> ,!Y SEEM WILL+ TO COV] >TIFICIAL EV5TS ONLY :5 CON/ITUT$ BY PROP] AU?ORITIES4 ,:5 !Y DO COV] ACTIVI/ EV5TS1 !Y >E V]Y SELF-CONSCI\S AB\T ! DANG]S ?AT !Y MI<T BE MANIPULAT$--P>TICUL>LY IF PROTE/S !Y SEE AS 0VIOL5T04 ,= J\RNALI/S1 !RE IS AN 9H]5T DILEMMA H]E1 BECAUSE VIOL5CE 9 ITSELF IS 9H]5TLY NEWSWOR?Y4 ,A 0VIOL5T0 PROTE/ IS F> MORE LIKELY TO BE COV]$2 BUT = ?AT REASON1 ! LA/ ?+ J\RNALI/S W\LD WI% TO ?9K ( !MSELVES AS DO+ IS ALL[+ VIOL5T PROTE/]S TO 0HIJACK0 ! M$IA TO CONVEY A MESSAGE4 ,! MATT] IS FUR!R COMPLICAT$ BY ! FACT ?AT J\RNALI/S HAVE A FAIRLY IDIOSYNCRATIC DEF9ITION ( 0VIOL5CE03 SOME?+ LIKE 'DAMAGE TO P]SONS OR PROP]TY NOT AU?ORIZ$ BY PROP]LY CON/ITUT$ AU?ORITIES'4 ,?IS HAS ! EFFECT ?AT IF EV5 ONE PROTE/] DAMAGES A ,/>BUCKS W9D[1 ONE CAN SPEAK ( 0VIOL5T PROTE/S01 BUT IF POLICE !N PROCE$ TO ATTACK EV]YONE PRES5T ) TAZ]S1 /ICKS & PLA/IC BULLETS1 ?IS CANNOT BE DESCRIB$ AS VIOL5T4 ,9 !SE CIRCUM/ANCES1 IT'S H>DLY SURPRIS+ ?AT AN>*I/ M$IA TEAMS MA9LY 5D UP DO+ DAMAGE CONTROL4 

,ONE CAN N[ BEG9 TO UND]/& ! 5VIRONM5T 9 :I* IMAGES ( ,BLACK ,BLOC AN>*I/S SMA%+ W9D[S1 & COLORFUL PUPPETS1 PR$OM9ATE M$IA COV]AGE4 0,MESSAGE0 IS L>GELY (F-LIMITS4 ,ALMO/ EV]Y MAJOR MOBILIZATION HAS BE5 ACCOMPANI$ BY A DAY ( PUBLIC SEM9>S 9 :I* RADICAL 9TELLECTUALS ANALYZE ! POLICIES ( ! ,I,M,F1 ,G#h1 & SO ON1 & DISCUSS POSSIBLE ALT]NATIVES4 ,NONE TO MY KN[L$GE HAVE EV] BE5 COV]$ BY ! CORPORATE PRESS4 0,PROCESS0 IS COMPLICAT$ & DIFFICULT TO CAPTURE VISUALLY2 MEET+S >E USUALLY (F-LIMITS TO REPORT]S ANYWAY4 ,/ILL1 ! RELATIVE LACK ( ATT5TION TO /REET BLOCKADES & /REET P>TIES1 LOCK-D[NS1 BANN] DROPS1 CRITICAL MASS RIDES & ! LIKE1 IS H>D] TO EXPLA94 ,ALL !SE >E DRAMATIC1 PUBLIC1 & (T5 QUITE VISUALLY /RIK+4 ,ADMITT$LY S9CE IT IS ALMO/ IMPOSSIBLE TO DESCRIBE ?OSE 5GAG$ 9 SU* TACTICS AS 0VIOL5T01 ! FACT ?AT !Y FREQU5TLY 5D UP GASS$1 BEAT51 PEPP]-SPRAY$1 %OT AT ) PLA/IC BULLETS1 & O!RWISE MANH&L$ BY POLICE PROVIDES N>RATIVE DILEMMAS MO/ J\RNALI/S W\LD 7APP>5TLY7 PREF] TO AVOID4.<#d.> ,BUT ?IS ALONE DOES NOT SEEM AN ADEQUATE EXPLANATION4.<#e.> 

,WE RETURN !N TO MY 9ITIAL OBS]VATION3 ?AT H]E W\LD SEEM TO BE SOME?+ COMPELL+ AB\T ! PAIR$ IMAGES ( MASK$ W9D[-BREAK]S & GIANT PUPPETS4 ,:Y8 

,WELL1 IF NO?+ ELSE ! TWO DO M>K A K9D ( NEAT /RUCTURAL OPPOSITION4 ,AN>*I/S 9 ,BLACK ,BLOC MEAN TO R5D] !MSELVES ANONYM\S & 9T]*ANGEABLE1 ID5TIFIABLE ONLY BY !IR POLITICAL AFF9ITY1 !IR WILL+NESS TO 5GAGE 9 MILITANT TACTICS1 & !IR SOLID>ITY ) ONE ANO!R4 ,H5CE ! UNI=M BLACK HOOD$ SWEAT%IRTS & BLACK B&ANNAS WORN AS MASKS4 ,! PAPI]-MA*E PUPPETS US$ 9 ACTIONS >E ALL UNIQUE & 9DIVIDUAL3 !Y T5D TO BE BRI<TLY PA9T$1 BUT O!RWISE TO V>Y WILDLY 9 SIZE1 %APE1 & CONCEPTION4 ,SO ON ! ONE H& ONE HAS FACELESS1 BLACK ANONYM\S FIGURES1 ALL R\<LY ! SAME2 ON ! O!R POLY*ROME GODDESSES & BIRDS & PIGS & POLITICIANS4 ,ONE IS A MASS1 ANONYM\S1 DE/RUCTIVE1 DEADLY S]I\S2 ! O!R1 A MULTIPLICITY ( SPECTACUL> DISPLAYS ( :IMSICAL CREATIVITY4 

,IF ! PAIR$ IMAGES SEEM SOMEH[ P[]FUL1 ,I W\LD SUGGE/1 IT IS BECAUSE !IR JUXTAPOSITION DOES1 9 FACT1 SAY SOME?+ IMPORTANT AB\T :AT DIRECT ACTION AIMS TO A*IEVE4 ,LET ME BEG9 BY CONSID]+ PROP]TY DE/RUCTION4 ,SU* ACTS >E ANY?+ BUT R&OM4 ,!Y T5D TO FOLL[ /RICT E?ICAL GUIDEL9ES3 9DIVIDUAL POSSESSIONS >E (F-LIMITS1 = EXAMPLE1 ALONG ) ANY COMM]CIAL PROP]TY ?AT'S ! BASE ( ITS [N]'S IMM$IATE LIVELIHOOD4 ,EV]Y POSSIBLE PRECAUTION IS TO BE TAK5 TO AVOID H>M+ ACTUAL HUMAN BE+S4 ,! T>GETS--(T5 C>EFULLY RESE>*$ 9 ADVANCE-->E CORPORATE FACADES1 BANKS & MASS RETAIL \TLETS1 GOV]NM5T BUILD+S OR O!R SYMBOLS ( /ATE P[]4 ,:5 DESCRIB+ !IR /RATEGIC VISION1 AN>*I/S T5D TO DRAW ON ,SITUATIONISM 7,DEBORD & ,VANEIGEM HAVE ALWAYS BE5 ! MO/ POPUL> ,FR5* !ORI/S 9 AN>*I/ 9FO%OPS74 ,CONSUM] CAPITALISM R5D]S US ISOLAT$ PASSIVE SPECTATORS1 \R ONLY RELATION TO ONE ANO!R \R %>$ FASC9ATION ) AN 5DLESS PLAY ( IMAGES ?AT >E1 ULTIMATELY1 REPRES5TATIONS ( ! V]Y S5SE ( :OL5ESS & COMMUNITY WE HAVE ?US LO/4 ,PROP]TY DE/RUCTION1 !N1 IS AN ATTEMPT TO 0BREAK ! SPELL01 TO DIV]T & R$EF9E4 ,IT IS A DIRECT ASSAULT UPON ! ,SPECTACLE4 ,CONSID] H]E ! WORDS ( ! FAM\S ,N#c ,SEATTLE ,BLACK ,BLOC COMMUNIQUE1 FROM ! SECTION 5TITL$ 0,ON ! ,VIOL5CE ( ,PROP]TY03 

,:5 WE SMA% A W9D[1 WE AIM TO DE/ROY ! ?9 V5E] ( LEGITIMACY ?AT SURR\NDS PRIVATE PROP]TY RI<TS4 ,AT ! SAME TIME1 WE EXORCIZE ?AT SET ( VIOL5T & DE/RUCTIVE SOCIAL RELATION%IPS :I* HAS BE5 IMBU$ 9 ALMO/ EV]Y?+ >\ND US4 ,BY 0DE/ROY+0 PRIVATE PROP]TY1 WE CONV]T ITS LIMIT$ EX*ANGE VALUE 9TO AN EXP&$ USE VALUE4 ,A /OREFRONT W9D[ BECOMES A V5T TO LET SOME FRE% AIR 9TO ! OPPRESSIVE ATMOSPH]E ( A RETAIL \TLET 7AT LEA/ UNTIL ! POLICE DECIDE TO TE>-GAS A NE>BY ROAD BLOCKADE74 ,A NEWSPAP] BOX BECOMES A TOOL = CREAT+ SU* V5TS OR A SMALL BLOCKADE = ! RECLAMATION ( PUBLIC SPACE OR AN OBJECT TO IMPROVE ONE'S VANTAGE PO9T BY /&+ ON IT4 ,A DUMP/] BECOMES AN OB/RUCTION TO A PHALANX ( RIOT+ COPS & A S\RCE ( HEAT & LI<T4 ,A BUILD+ FACADE BECOMES A MESSAGE BO>D TO RECORD BRA9/ORM IDEAS = A BETT] WORLD4 

,AFT] ,N#c1 MANY PEOPLE WILL NEV] SEE A %OP W9D[ OR A HAMM] ! SAME WAY AGA94 ,! POT5TIAL USES ( AN 5TIRE CITYSCAPE HAVE 9CREAS$ A ?\S&-FOLD4 ,! NUMB] ( BROK5 W9D[S PALES 9 COMP>ISON TO ! NUMB] ( BROK5 SPELLS--SPELLS CA/ BY A CORPORATE HEGEMONY TO LULL US 9TO =GETFULNESS ( ALL ! VIOL5CE COMMITT$ 9 ! NAME ( PRIVATE PROP]TY RI<TS & ( ALL ! POT5TIAL ( A SOCIETY )\T !M4 ,BROK5 W9D[S CAN BE BO>D$ UP 7) YET MORE WA/E ( \R =E/S7 & EV5TUALLY REPLAC$1 BUT ! %ATT]+ ( ASSUMPTIONS WILL HOPEFULLY P]SI/ = SOME TIME TO COME4.<#f.> 

,PROP]TY DE/RUCTION IS A MATT] ( TAK+ AN URBAN L&SCAPE FULL ( 5DLESS CORPORATE FACADES & FLA%+ IMAG]Y ?AT SEEMS IMMUTABLE1 P]MAN5T1 MONUM5TAL--& DEMON/RAT+ JU/ H[ FRAGILE IT REALLY IS4 ,IT IS A LIT]AL %ATT]+ ( ILLUSIONS4 

,:AT !N ( PUPPETS8 

,AGA91 !Y SEEM ! P]FECT COMPLEM5T4 ,GIANT PAPI]-MA*E PUPPETS >E CREAT$ BY TAK+ ! MO/ EPHEM]AL ( MAT]IAL--IDEAS1 PAP]1 WIRE ME%--& TRANS=M+ IT 9TO SOME?+ V]Y LIKE A MONUM5T1 EV5 IF !Y >E1 AT ! SAME TIME1 SOME:AT RIDICUL\S4 ,A GIANT PUPPET IS ! MOCK]Y ( ! IDEA ( A MONUM5T1.<#g.> & ( EV]Y?+ MONUM5TS REPRES5T3 ! 9APPROA*ABILITY1 MONO*ROME SOLEMNITY1 ABOVE ALL ! IMPLICATION ( P]MAN5CE1 ! /ATE'S 7ITSELF ULTIMATELY SOME:AT RIDICUL\S7 ATTEMPT TO TURN ITS PR9CIPLE & HI/ORY 9TO ET]NAL V]ITIES4 ,IF ONE IS MEANT TO %ATT] ! EXI/+ ,SPECTACLE1 ! O!R IS1 IT SEEMS TO ME1 TO SUGGE/ ! P]MAN5T CAPACITY TO CREATE NEW ONES4 

,9 FACT1 FROM ! P]SPECTIVE ( ! ACTIVI/S1 IT IS AGA9 PROCESS--9 ?IS CASE1 ! PROCESS ( PRODUCTION--?AT IS REALLY ! PO9T4 ,!RE >E BRA9/ORM+ SESSIONS TO COME UP ) !MES & VISIONS1 ORGANIZ+ MEET+S1 BUT ABOVE ALL1 ! WIRES & FRAMES LIE ON ! FLOORS ( G>AGES OR Y>DS OR W>EH\SES OR SIMIL> QUASI-9DU/RIAL SPACES = DAYS1 SURR\ND$ BY BUCKETS ( PA9T & CON/RUCTION MAT]IALS1 ALMO/ NEV] ALONE1 ) SMALL TEAMS 9 ATT5DANCE1 MOLD+1 PA9T+1 SMOK+1 EAT+1 PLAY+ MUSIC1 >GU+1 W&]+ 9 & \T4 ,EV]Y?+ IS DESIGN$ TO BE COMMUNAL1 EGALIT>IAN1 EXPRESSIVE4 ,! OBJECTS !MSELVES >E NOT EXPECT$ TO LA/4 ,!Y >E = ! MO/ P>T MADE ( FAIRLY DELICATE MAT]IALS2 FEW W\LD )/& A HEAVY RA9/ORM2 SOME >E EV5 SELF-CONSCI\SLY DE/ROY$ OR SET ABLAZE 9 ! C\RSE ( ACTIONS4 ,EV5 O!RWISE1 9 ! ABS5CE ( P]MAN5T /ORAGE FACILITIES1 !Y USUALLY QUICKLY />T TO FALL AP>T4 

,AS = ! IMAGES3 !SE >E CLE>LY MEANT TO 5COMPASS1 & H5CE CON/ITUTE1 A K9D ( UNIV]SE4 ,NORMALLY ,PUPPETI/AS1 AS !Y SOMETIMES CALL !MSELVES1 AIM = A R\< BALANCE BETWE5 POSITIVE & NEGATIVE IMAGES4 ,ON ! ONE H&1 ONE MI<T HAVE ! ,GIANT ,PIG ?AT REPRES5TS ! ,WORLD ,BANK1 ON ! O!R1 A ,GIANT ,LIB]ATION ,PUPPET :OSE >MS CAN BLOCK AN 5TIRE HI<WAY ,MANY ( ! MO/ FAM\S IMAGES ID5TIFY M>*]S & ! ?+S !Y WE> OR C>RY3 = 9/ANCE1 A GIANT BIRD PUPPET AT ,A#a#f 7! #b ,I,M,F_/,WORLD ,BANK ACTIONS7 WAS ACCOMPANI$ BY HUNDR$S ( LITTLE BIRDS ON TOP ( SIGNS DI/RIBUT$ TO ALL & SUNDRY4 ,SIMIL>LY1 ,HAYM>KET M>TYRS1 ,ZAPATI/AS1 ! ,/ATUE ( ,LIB]TY1 OR A ,LIB]ATION ,MONKEYWR5* MI<T C>RY SLOGANS ID5TICAL TO ?OSE C>RI$ ON ! SIGNS1 /ICK]S1 OR ,T%IRTS ( ?OSE ACTUALLY TAK+ P>T 9 ! ACTION3 

,! MO/ /RIK+ IMAGES ?\< >E (T5 NEGATIVE ONES3 ! CORPORATE CONTROL PUPPET AT ! #b DEMOCRATIC CONV5TION1 OP]AT+ BO? ,BU% & ,GORE LIKE M>IONETTES1 A GIANT RIOT POLICEMAN :O %OOTS \T PEPP] SPRAY1 & 5DLESS EFFIGIES TO BE 5COMPASS$ & RIDICUL$4 

,! MOCK+ & DE/RUCTION ( EFFIGIES IS ( C\RSE ONE ( ! OLDE/ & MO/ FAMILI> GE/URES ( POLITICAL PROTE/4 ,(T5 SU* EFFIGIES >E AN EXPLICIT ASSAULT ON MONUM5TALITY4 ,! FALL ( REGIMES >E M>K$ BY ! PULL+ D[N ( /ATUES2 IT WAS ! 7APP>5TLY /AG$7 FELL+ ( ! /ATUE ( ,SADDAM ,HUSSE9 9 ,BA<DAD ?AT1 9 ! M9DS ( ALMO/ EV]YONE1 DET]M9$ ! MOM5T ( ! ACTUAL 5D ( HIS REGIME4 ,SIMIL>LY1 DUR+ ,GEORGE ,BU%'S VISIT TO ,5GL& 9 #b#d1 PROTE/]S BUILT 9NUM]ABLE MOCK /ATUES ( ,BU%1 L>GE & SMALL1 JU/ 9 ORD] TO PULL !M D[N AGA94 

,/ILL1 ! POSITIVE IMAGES >E (T5 TREAT$ ) LITTLE MORE RESPECT ?AN ! EFFIGIES4 

,H]E IS AN EXTRACT FROM MY E>LY REFLECTIONS ON ! SUBJECT1 JOTT$ D[N %ORTLY AFT] SP5D+ TIME 9 ! ,PUPPET ,W>EH\SE 9 ,PHILADELPHIA BE=E ! ,REPUBLICAN ,CONV5TION 9 #b1 SOME:AT RE$IT$4 

7FIELD NOTES EXTRACTS1 ,JULY #c#a/1 #b7 

,! QUE/ION ,I KEEP ASK+ MYSELF IS3 :Y >E !SE ?+S EV5 CALL$ 0PUPPETS08 

,NORMALLY ONE ?9KS ( 0PUPPETS0 AS FIGURES ?AT MOVE 9 RESPONSE TO ! MOTIONS ( SOME PUPPETE]4 ,MO/ ( !SE HAVE FEW IF ANY MOV+ P>TS4 ,!SE >E MORE LI<T MOV+ /ATUES1 SOMETIMES WORN1 SOMETIMES C>RI$4 ,SO 9 :AT S5SE >E !Y 0PUPPETS08 

,PUPPETS >E EXTREMELY VISUAL1 L>GE1 BUT ALSO DELICATE & EPHEM]AL4 ,USUALLY !Y FALL AP>T AFT] A S+LE ACTION4 ,?IS COMB9ATION ( HUGE SIZE & LI<TNESS SEEMS TO ME MAKES !M A BRIDGE BETWE5 WORDS & REALITY2 !Y >E ! PO9T ( TRANSITION2 !Y REPRES5T ! ABILITY TO />T TO MAKE IDEAS REAL & TAKE ON SOLID =M1 TO MAKE \R VIEW ( ! WORLD 9TO SOME?+ ( EQUAL PHYSICAL BULK & GREAT] SPECTACUL> P[] EV5 TO ! 5G9ES ( /ATE VIOL5CE ?AT /& AGA9/ IT4 ,! IDEA ?AT !Y >E EXT5SIONS ( \R M9DS1 WORDS1 MAKE HELP EXPLA9 ! USE ( ! T]M 0PUPPETS04 ,!Y MAY NOT MOVE >\ND AS AN EXT5SION ( SOME 9DIVIDUAL'S WILL4 ,BUT IF !Y DID1 ?IS W\LD SOME:AT CONTRADICT ! EMPHASIS ON COLLECTIVE CREATIVITY4 

,9S(> AS !Y >E *>ACT]S 9 A DRAMA1 IT IS A DRAMA ) A COLLECTIVE AU?OR2 9S(> AS !Y >E MANIPULAT$1 IT IS 9 A S5SE BY EV]YONE1 9 PROCESSIONS1 (T5 PASS$ >\ND FROM ONE ACTIVI/ TO ! NEXT4 ,ABOVE ALL !Y >E MEANT TO BE EMANATIONS ( A COLLECTIVE IMAG9ATION4 ,AS SU*1 = !M EI!R TO BECOME FULLY SOLID1 OR FULLY MANIPULABLE BY A S+LE 9DIVIDUAL1 W\LD CONTRADICT ! PO9T4 

,PUPPETS CAN BE WORN LIKE CO/UMES1 & 9 L>GE ACTIONS1 !Y >E 9 FACT CONT9U\S ) CO/UMES4 ,EV]Y MAJOR MOBILIZATION HAD ITS TOTEM1 OR TOTEMS3 ! FAM\S SEA-TURTLES AT ,SEATTLE1 ! BIRDS & %>KS AT ,A#a#f1 ! ,DANC+ ,SKELETONS AT ,R#b,K 7! ,REPUBLICAN ,CONV5TION 9 ,PHILLY71 ! C>IB\ AT ,BU%'S 9AUGURATION1 OR = ?AT MATT]1 ! FRAGM5TS ( ,PICASSO'S ,GU]NICA DESIGN$ = ! PROTE/S AGA9/ ! UPCOM+ ,IRAQ 9VASION 9 #b#c1 DESIGN$ SO ?AT !Y C\LD EA* W&] (F & !N ALL P]IODICALLY COMB9E TOGE!R4 

,9 FACT1 !RE'S USUALLY NO CLE> L9E BETWE5 PUPPETS1 CO/UMES1 BANN]S & SYMBOLS1 & SIMPLE PROPS4 ,EV]Y?+ IS DESIGN$ TO OV]LAP & RE9=CE EA* O!R4 ,PUPPETS T5D TO BE SURR\ND$ BY A MU* L>G] 0C>NIVAL BLOC01 REPLETE ) CL[NS1 /ILT-WALK]S1 JUGGL]S1 FIRE-BREA!RS1 UNICYCLI/S1 ,RADICAL ,*E]LEAD]S1 CO/UM$ KICK-L9ES OR (T51 5TIRE M>*+ B&S--SU* AS ! ,9F]NAL ,NOISE ,BRIGADE ( ! ,BAY ,>EA OR ,HUNGRY ,M>* ,B& 9 ,NEW ,YORK--?AT USUALLY SPECIALIZE 9 KLEZM] OR CIRCUS MUSIC1 9 ADDITION TO ! UBIQUIT\S DRUMS & :I/LES4 ,! CIRCUS METAPHOR SEEMS TO SIT P>TICUL>LY WELL ) AN>*I/S1 PRESUMABLY BECAUSE CIRCUSES >E COLLECTIONS ( EXTREME 9DIVIDUALS 7ONE CAN'T GET MU* MORE 9DIVIDUALI/IC ?AN A COLLECTION ( CIRCUS FREAKS7 NONE!LESS 5GAG$ 9 A PURELY COOP]ATIVE 5T]PRISE ?AT ALSO 9VOLVES TRANSGRESS+ ORD9>Y B\ND>IES4 ,TONY ,BLAIR'S FAM\S COMM5T 9 #bd ?AT HE WAS NOT AB\T TO BE SWAY$ BY 0SOME TRAVEL+ AN>*I/ CIRCUS0 WAS NOT TAK51 BY MANY1 AS AN 9SULT4 ,!RE >E 9 FACT QUITE A NUMB] ( EXPLICITLY AN>*I/ CIRCUS TR\PES1 !IR NUMB]S ONLY MAT*$1 P]HAPS1 BY ?AT ( V>I\S PHONY PREA*]S4 ,! CONNECTION IS SIGNIFICANT2 = N[1 ! CRITICAL ?+ IS ?AT EV]Y ACTION WILL NORMALLY HAVE ITS CIRCUS FR+E1 A COLLECTION ( FLY+ SQUADS ?AT CIRCULATE ?R\< ! L>GE /REET BLOCKADES TO LIFT SPIRITS1 P]=M /REET !AT]1 & ALSO1 CRITICALLY1 TO TRY TO DEFUZE MOM5TS ( T5SION OR POT5TIAL CONFLICT4 ,?IS LATT] IS CRUCIAL4 ,S9CE DIRECT-ACTIONS1 UNLIKE P]MITT$ M>*ES1 SCRUPUL\SLY AVOID M>%ALS OR =MAL PEACEKEEP]S 7:O POLICE WILL ALWAYS TRY TO CO-OPT71 ! PUPPET_/CIRCUS SQUADS (T5 5D UP S]V+ SOME ( ! SAME FUNCTIONS4 

,H]E IS A FIR/-H& ACC\NT BY MEMB]S ( ONE SU* AFF9ITY GR\P FROM ,*APEL ,HILL 70,PAP] ,H& ,PUPPET ,9T]V5TION07 AB\T H[ ?IS MI<T WORK ITSELF \T 9 PRACTICE4 

0,BURG] & ,ZIMM]MAN BR\<T PUPPETS TO ! EXPLOSIVE PROTE/S ( ! ,WORLD ,TRADE ,ORGANIZATION 9 ,SEATTLE TWO YE>S AGO1 :]E !Y JO9$ A GR\P ?AT WAS BLOCKAD+ ! BUILD+ 9 :I* TALKS W]E BE+ HELD4 0,PEOPLE HAD L9K$ >MS10 ,ZIMM]MAN SAYS4 0,! POLICE HAD BEAT5 & PEPP]-SPRAY$ !M ALREADY1 & !Y ?REAT5$ ?AT !Y W]E COM+ BACK 9 FIVE M9UTES TO ATTACK !M AGA940 ,BUT ! PROTE/]S HELD !IR L9E1 L9K+ >MS & CRY+1 BL9D$ BY ! PEPP] SPRAY4 ,BURG]1 ,ZIMM]MAN & !IR FRI5DS CAME ALONG--ON /ILTS1 ) CL[NS1 A #d-FOOT PUPPET1 & A BELLY DANC]4 ,!Y W5T UP & D[N ! L9E1 LEAD+ ! PROTE/]S 9 SONG4 ,:5 ! SECURITY VAN RETURN$1 !Y'D BACK ! GIANT PUPPET UP 9TO ITS WAY4 ,SOMEH[1 ?IS MOTLEY CIRCUS DIFFUS$ ! SITUATION4 0,!Y C\LDN'T BR+ !MSELVES TO ATTACK ?IS BUN* ( PEOPLE :O W]E N[ S++ SONGS10 ,ZIMM]MAN SAYS4 ,9JECT+ HUMOR & CELEBRATION 9TO A GRIM SITUATION1 HE SAYS1 IS ! ESS5CE ( A PUPPET 9T]V5TION4.<#h.> 

,= ALL ! CIRCUS TRAPP+S1 ?OSE MO/ 9VOLV$ 9 MAK+ & DEPLOY+ GIANT PUPPETS WILL (T5 9SI/ ?AT !Y >E DEEPLY S]I\S4 0,PUPPETS >E NOT CUTE1 LIKE MUPPETS10 9SI/S ,PET] ,S*UMANN1 ! DIRECTOR ( ,BREAD & ,PUPPET ,!AT]--! GR\P HI/ORICALLY MO/ RESPONSIBLE = POPUL>IZ+ ! USE ( PAPI]-MA*E FIGURES 9 POLITICAL PROTE/ 9 ! '#fS4 0,PUPPETS >E EFFIGIES & GODS & MEAN+FUL CREATURES04.<#i.> ,SOMETIMES1 !Y >E LIT]ALLY SO3 AS ) ! ,MAYA GODS ?AT CAME TO GREET DELEGATES AT ! ,W,T,O MEET+S 9 ,CANCUN 9 ,SEPTEMB] #b#c4 ,ALWAYS1 !Y HAVE A C]TA9 NUM9\S QUALITY4 

,/ILL1 IF GIANT PUPPETS1 G5]ICALLY1 >E GODS1 MO/ >E OBVI\SLY1 FOOLI%1 SILLY1 RIDICUL\S GODS4 ,IT AS IF ! PROCESS ( PRODUC+ & DISPLAY+ PUPPETS BECOMES A WAY TO BO? SEIZE ! P[] TO MAKE GODS1 & TO MAKE FUN ( IT AT ! SAME TIME4 ,H]E ONE SEEMS TO BE /RIK+ AGA9/ A PR(\NDLY AN>*I/ S5SIBILITY4 ,)9 AN>*ISM1 ONE 5C\NT]S A SIMIL> IMPULSE AT EV]Y PO9T :]E ONE APPROA*ES ! MY?IC OR DEEPLY MEAN+FUL4 ,IT APPE>S TO BE OP]ATIVE 9 ! DOCTR9ES ( ,Z]ZANITES & SIMIL> ,PRIMITIVI/S1 :O GO AB\T SELF-CONSCI\SLY CREAT+ MY?S 7!IR [N V]SION ( ! ,G>D5 ( ,$51 ! ,FALL1 ! COM+ ,APOCALYPSE71 ?AT SEEM TO IMPLY !Y WANT TO SEE MILLIONS P]I% 9 A WORLDWIDE 9DU/RIAL COLLAPSE1 OR ?AT !Y SEEK TO ABOLI% AGRICULTURE OR EV5 LANGUAGE--!N BRIDLE AT ! SUGGE/ION ?AT !Y REALLY DO4 ,IT'S CLE>LY PRES5T 9 ! WRIT+S ( !ORI/S LIKE ,PET] ,LAMBORN ,WILSON1 :OSE M$ITATIONS ON ! ROLE ( ! SACR$ 9 REVOLUTION>Y ACTION >E WRITT5 UND] ! P]SONA ( AN 9SANE ,ISMAILI P$]A/IC POET NAM$ ,HAKIM ,BEY4 ,IT'S EV5 MORE CLE>LY PRES5T AMONG ,PAGAN AN>*I/ GR\PS LIKE ,RECLAIM+1 :O S9CE ! ANTI-NUCLE> MOVEM5T ( ! '#hS1.<#a.> HAVE SPECIALIZ$ 9 CONDUCT+ :AT (T5 SEEM LIKE EXTRAVAGANT SATIRES ( PAGAN RITUALS ?AT !Y NONE!LESS 9SI/ >E REAL RITUALS :I* >E REALLY EFFECTIVE--EV51 ?AT REPRES5T :AT !Y SEE AS ! DEEPE/ POSSIBLE SPIRITUAL TRU?S AB\T ! WORLD4.<#a#a.> 

,PUPPETS SIMPLY PU% ?IS LOGIC TO A K9D ( EXTREME4 ,! SACR$ H]E IS1 ULTIMATELY1 ! %E] P[] ( CREATIVITY1 ( ! IMAG9ATION--OR1 P]HAPS MORE EXACTLY1 ! P[] TO BR+ ! IMAG9ATION 9TO REALITY4 ,?IS IS1 AFT] ALL1 ! ULTIMATE IDEAL ( ALL REVOLUTION>Y PRACTICE1 TO1 AS ! '#f#h SLOGAN PUT IT1 0GIVE P[] TO ! IMAG9ATION40 ,BUT IT IS ALSO AS IF ! DEMOCRATIZATION ( ! SACR$ CAN ONLY BE ACCOMPLI%$ ?R\< A K9D ( BURLESQUE4 ,H5CE ! CON/ANT SELF-MOCK]Y1 :I*1 H[EV]1 IS NEV] MEANT TO G5U9ELY UND]CUT ! GRAVITY & IMPORTANCE ( :AT'S BE+ ASS]T$1 BUT RA!R1 TO IMPLY ! ULTIMATE RECOGNITION ?AT JU/ BECAUSE GODS >E HUMAN CREATIONS !Y >E /ILL GODS1 & ?AT TAK+ ?IS FACT TOO S]I\SLY MI<T PROVE DANG]\S4 

,SYMBOLIC ,W>F>E ON ! ,P>T ( ! ,POLICE 

,AN>*I/S1 AS ,I'VE SAID1 AVOID DESIGN+ !IR /RATEGIES >\ND ! M$IA4 ,! SAME CANNOT BE SAID ( ! POLICE4 

,IT'S OBVI\S ?AT ! EV5TS ( ,N#c 9 ,SEATTLE CAME AS A SURPRISE TO MO/ 9 ! ,AM]ICAN GOV]NM5T4 ,! ,SEATTLE POLICE W]E CLE>LY UNPREP>$ = ! SOPHI/ICAT$ TACTICS ADOPT$ BY ! HUNDR$S ( AFF9ITY GR\PS ?AT SURR\ND$ ! HOTEL &1 AT LEA/ = ! FIR/ DAY1 EFFECTIVELY %UT D[N ! MEET+S4 ,! FIR/ IMPULSE ( MANY COMM&]S APPE>S TO HAVE BE5 TO RESPECT ! NONVIOL5CE ( ! ACTIONS4.<#a#b.> ,IT WAS ONLY AFT] #a ,P,M ON ! #c?1 AFT] ,MADELE9E ,ALBRI<T'S CALL TO ! ,GOV]NOR FROM 9SIDE ! HOTEL DEM&+ ?AT HE TELL !M TO DO :ATEV] !Y HAD TO DO TO BREAK ! BLOCKADE.<#a#c.> ?AT POLICE BEGAN A FULL-BL[N ASSAULT ) TE> GAS1 PEPP] SPRAY1 & CONCUSSION GR5ADES4 

,EV5 !N MANY SEEM$ TO HESITATE1 :ILE O!RS1 :5 !Y DID 5T] ! FRAY1 DESC5D$ 9TO WILD RAMPAGES1 ATTACK+ & >RE/+ SCORES ( ORD9>Y %OPP]S 9 ,SEATTLE'S COMM]CIAL DI/RICT4 ,9 ! 5D ! GOV]NOR WAS =C$ TO CALL 9 ! ,NATIONAL ,GU>D4 ,:ILE ! M$IA PIT*$ 9 BY REPRES5T+ POLICE ACTIONS AS A RESPONSE TO ,BLACK ,BLOC ACTIONS ?AT BEGAN MU* LAT]1 HAV+ TO BR+ 9 F$]AL TROOPS WAS AN UND5IABLE SPECTACUL> SYMBOLIC DEFEAT4 

,9 ! IMM$IATE AFT]MA? ( ,SEATTLE LAW 5=CEM5T (FICIALS--ON ! NATIONAL & 9T]NATIONAL LEVEL--APPE> TO HAVE BEGUN A CONC]T$ EF=T TO DEVELOP A NEW /RATEGY4 ,! DETAILS ( SU* DELIB]ATIONS >E1 OBVI\SLY1 NOT AVAILABLE TO ! PUBLIC4 ,NONE!LESS1 JUDG+ BY SUBSEQU5T EV5TS1 IT SEEMS ?AT !IR CONCLUSION 7UNSURPRIS+LY 5\<7 WAS ?AT ! ,SEATTLE POLICE HAD NOT RESORT$ TO VIOL5CE QUICKLY OR EFFICI5TLY 5\<4 ,! NEW /RATEGY--SOON PUT 9TO PRACTICE DUR+ SUBSEQU5T ACTIONS 9 ,WA%+TON1 ,W9DSOR1 ,PHILADELPHIA1 ,LOS ,ANGELES1 & ,QUEBEC--APPE>S TO HAVE BE5 ONE ( AGGRESSIVE PREEMPTION4 ,! PROBLEM WAS H[ TO JU/IFY ?IS AGA9/ A MOVEM5T ?AT WAS OV]:ELM+LY NONVIOL5T1 5GAG$ 9 ACTIONS ?AT = ! MO/ P>T C\LD NOT EV5 BE DEF9$ AS CRIM9AL1.<#a#d.> & :OSE MESSAGE APPE>$ TO HAVE AT LEA/ POT5TIALLY /RONG PUBLIC APPEAL4 

,ONE MI<T PHRASE IT ?IS WAY4 ,! SUMMITS & O!R EV5TS T>GET$ BY ! MOVEM5T--TRADE SUMMITS1 POLITICAL CONV5TIONS1 ,I,M,F MEET+S--W]E L>GELY SYMBOLIC EV5TS4 ,!Y W]E NOT1 = ! MO/ P>T1 V5UES = =MAL POLITICAL DECISION-MAK+1 BUT JUNKETS1 SELF-CELEBRATORY RITUALS1 & NETWORK+ OCCASIONS = SOME ( ! RI*E/ & MO/ P[]FUL PEOPLE ON E>?4 ,! EFFECT ( ! ACTIONS IS NORMALLY NOT TO %UT D[N ! MEET+S1 BUT TO CREATE A S5SE ( SIEGE4 ,IT MI<T ALL BE DONE 9 SU* A WAY AS NOT TO PHYSICALLY 5DANG] ANYONE2 ! CATAPULTS MI<T 7AS 9 ,QUEBEC7 ONLY BE HURL+ /UFF$ ANIMALS1 BUT ! RESULT IS TO PRODUCE MEET+S SURR\ND$ BY MAYHEM1 9 :I* ?OSE ATT5D+ HAVE TO BE ESCORT$ AB\T BY HEAVILY >M$ SECURITY1 ! COCKTAIL P>TIES >E CANCEL$1 & ! CELEBRATIONS1 EFFECTIVELY1 RU9$4 ,NO?+ C\LD HAVE BE5 MORE EFFECTIVE 9 %ATT]+ ! AIR ( TRIUMPHANT 9EVITABILITY ?AT HAD SURR\ND$ SU* MEET+S 9 ! '#iS4 ,TO IMAG9E ?AT ! 0=CES ( ORD]0 W\LD NOT RESPOND AGGRESSIVELY W\LD BE NAIVE 9DE$4 ,= !M1 ! NONVIOL5CE ( ! BLOCKAD]S WAS SIMPLY IRRELEVANT4 ,OR3 TO BE MORE PRECISE1 IT WAS AN ISSUE ONLY BECAUSE IT CREAT$ POT5TIAL PROBLEM ( PUBLIC P]CEPTION4 ,?IS PROBLEM1 H[EV]1 WAS QUITE S]I\S4 ,H[ WAS ONE TO REPRES5T PROTE/]S AS A ?REAT TO PUBLIC SAFETY1 JU/IFY+ EXTREME MEASURES1 IF !Y DID NOT ACTUALLY DO ANYONE PHYSICAL H>M8 

,H]E ONE %\LD PROBABLY LET EV5TS SPEAK = !MSELVES4 ,IF ONE LOOKS AT :AT HAPP5$ DUR+ ! MON?S IMM$IATELY FOLL[+ ,SEATTLE1 ! FIR/ ?+S ONE OBS]VES >E A S]IES ( PREEMPTIVE /RIKES1 ALWAYS1 AIM$ AT ?REATS ?AT 7NOT UNLIKE ,IRAQ'S WEAPONS ( MASS DE/RUCTION7 NEV] QUITE MAT]IALIZ$3 

,APRIL #b1 ,WA%+TON ,D4,C4 

,H\RS BE=E ! PROTE/S AGA9/ ! ,I,M,F & ,WORLD ,BANK >E TO BEG9 ON ,APRIL #a#e1 POLICE R\ND UP #f M>*]S 9 A PREEMPTIVE >RE/ & SEIZE ! PROTE/]S' ,CONV]G5CE ,C5T]4 ,POLICE ,*IEF ,*>LES ,RAMSEY L\DLY CLAIMS TO HAVE DISCOV]$ A WORK%OP = MANUFACTUR+ MOLOTOV COCKTAILS & HOMEMADE PEPP] SPRAY 9SIDE4 ,D,C POLICE LAT] ADMIT NO SU* WORK%OP EXI/$ 7REALLY !Y'D F\ND PA9T ?9N] US$ 9 >T PROJECTS & PEPP]S BE+ US$ = ! MANUFACTURE ( GAZPA*O72 H[EV]1 ! CONV]G5CE C5T] REMA9S CLOS$ & MU* ( ! >T & MANY ( ! PUPPETS 9SIDE >E APPROPRIAT$4 

,JULY #b1 ,M9NEAPOLIS 

,DAYS BE=E A S*$UL$ PROTE/ AGA9/ ! ,9T]NATIONAL ,SOCIETY ( ,ANIMAL ,G5ETICI/S1 LOCAL POLICE CLAIM ?AT ACTIVI/S HAD DETONAT$ A CYANIDE BOMB AT A LOCAL ,MAC,DONALD'S & MI<T HAVE !IR H&S ON /OL5 EXPLOSIVES4 ,! NEXT DAY ! ,D,E,A RAIDS A H\SE US$ BY ORGANIZ]S1 DRAGS (F ! BLOODI$ 9HABITANTS1 & APPROPRIATES !IR COMPUT]S & BOXES FULL ( \TREA* MAT]IALS4 ,POLICE LAT] ADMIT !RE NEV] ACTUALLY WAS A CYANIDE BOMB & !Y HAD NO REASON TO BELIEVE ACTIVI/S W]E 9 POSSESSION ( EXPLOSIVES4 

,AUGU/ #b1 ,PHILADELPHIA 

,H\RS BE=E ! PROTE/S AGA9/ ! ,REPUBLICAN ,CONV5TION >E TO BEG91 POLICE1 CLAIM+ TO BE ACT+ ON A TIP1 SEIZE ! W>EH\SE :]E ! >T1 BANN]S & PUPPETS US$ = ! ACTION >E BE+ PREP>$1 >RE/+ ALL ( ! AT LEA/ #ge ACTIVI/S DISCOV]$ 9SIDE4 ,POLICE ,*IEF ,JOHN ,TIMONEY L\DLY CLAIMS TO HAVE DISCOV]$ ,C#d EXPLOSIVES & WAT] BALLOONS FULL ( HYDRO*LORIC ACID 9 ! BUILD+4 ,POLICE LAT] ADMIT NO EXPLOSIVES OR ACID W]E REALLY F\ND2 ! >RE/EES >E H[EV] NOT RELEAS$ UNTIL WELL AFT] ! ACTIONS >E OV]4 ,ALL ( ! PUPPETS1 BANN]S1 >T & LIT]ATURE TO BE US$ 9 ! PROTE/ >E SY/EMATICALLY DE/ROY$4 

,:ILE IT IS POSSIBLE ?AT WE >E DEAL+ ) A REM>KABLE S]IES ( HONE/ MI/AKES1 ?IS DOES LOOK AN AWFUL LOT LIKE A S]IES ( ATTACKS ON ! MAT]IAL ACTIVI/S W]E 9T5D+ TO USE TO GET !IR MESSAGE \T TO ! PUBLIC4 ,C]TA9LY ?AT'S H[ ! ACTIVI/S 9T]PRET$ !M--ESPECIALLY AFT] ,PHILADELPHIA4 ,ORGANIZ]S PLANN+ ! P>ALLEL PROTE/S AGA9/ ! ,DEMOCRATIC ,CONV5TION 9 ,L4,A4 MANAG$ TO OBTA9 A RE/RA9+ ORD] B>R+ POLICE FROM ATTACK+ !IR CONV]G5CE C5T]1 BUT EV] S9CE1 9 ! WEEKS BE=E ANY MAJOR MOBILIZATION1 A KEY ISSUE IS ALWAYS H[ TO HIDE & PROTECT+ ! PUPPETS4 

,BY ,PHILADELPHIA1 IT BECAME QUITE CLE> ?AT ! POLICE HAD ADOPT$ A V]Y SELF-CONSCI\S M$IA /RATEGY4 ,!IR SPOKESM5 W\LD PEPP] EA* DAILY PRESS CONF]5CE ) WILD ACCUSATIONS1 WELL AW>E ?AT ! CRIME-DESK REPORT]S ASSIGN$ TO COV] !M 7:O USUALLY RELI$ ON GOOD WORK+ RELATIONS ) POLICE = !IR LIVELIHOOD7 W\LD NORMALLY REPRODUCE ANY?+ !Y SAID UNCRITICALLY1 & R>ELY CONSID]$ IT TO M]IT A /ORY IF AFT]W>DS ! CLAIMS TURN$ \T TO BE FALSE4 ,I WAS WORK+ ! PHONES = ! ACTIVI/ M$IA TEAM DUR+ MU* ( ?IS TIME & CAN ATTE/ ?AT A L>GE P>T ( :AT WE 5D$ UP DO+ WAS COM+ UP ) RESPONSES TO :AT WE CAME TO CALL 0! LIE ( ! DAY04 ,! FIR/ DAY1 POLICE ANN\NC$ ?AT !Y HAD SEIZ$ A VAN FULL ( POISON\S SNAKES & REPTILES ?AT ACTIVI/S W]E 9T5D+ TO RELEASE 9 ! CITY C5T] 7!Y W]E LAT] =C$ TO ADMIT ?AT IT ACTUALLY BELONG$ TO A PET /ORE & HAD NO?+ TO DO ) ! PROTE/S74 ,! SECOND DAY !Y CLAIM$ ?AT AN>*I/S HAD SPLA%$ ACID 9 AN (FIC]'S FACE2 ?IS S5T US SCRAMBL+ TO FIGURE \T :AT MI<T HAVE ACTUALLY HAPP5$4 7,!Y DROPP$ ! /ORY IMM$IATELY !REAFT]1 BUT IT W\LD APPE> ?AT IF ANY?+ WAS ACTUALLY SPLA%$ ON AN (FIC]1 IT WAS PROBABLY R$ PA9T ?AT WAS ACTUALLY DIRECT$ AT A WALL47 ,ON ! ?IRD DAY WE W]E ACCUS$ ( PLANT+ 0DRY ICE BOMBS0 ?R\<\T ! CITY2 ?IS1 AGA91 S5T ! AN>*I/ M$IA TEAMS SCRAMBL+ TO TRY TO FIGURE \T PRECISELY :AT DRY ICE BOMBS W]E 7IT TURN$ \T ! POLICE HAD APP>5TLY F\ND ! REF]5CE 9 A COPY ( ! 0,AN>*I/ ,COOKBOOK047 ,9T]E/+LY1 ?IS LA/ /ORY DOES NOT SEEM TO HAVE ACTUALLY MADE ! NEWS3 AT ?IS PO9T1 MO/ REPORT]S NO LONG] W]E WILL+ TO REPRODUCE ! MO/ DRAMATIC CLAIMS BY ! AU?ORITIES4 ,! FACT ?AT ! FIR/ TWO CLAIMS TURN$ \T TO BE FALSE1 H[EV]1 ALONG ) ! CLAIMS ( ACID & EXPLOSIVES 9 ! PUPPET W>EH\SE1 OR ?AT ,TIMONEY APPE>$ TO HAVE DEVELOP$ AN 9T5TIONAL POLICY ( LY+ TO !M1 WAS NEV] CONSID]$ ITSELF NEWSWOR?Y4 ,NEI!R1 H[EV]1 WAS ! ACTUAL REASON = ! ACTIONS1 ?AT W]E MEANT TO DRAW ATT5TION TO ! PRISON 9DU/RIAL COMPLEX 7A PHRASE ?AT WE REPEAT$ 5DLESSLY TO REPORT]S1 BUT NEV] MADE IT 9TO A S+LE NEWS REPORT7--PRESUMABLY1 ON ! GR\NDS ?AT IT W\LD BE UNE?ICAL = REPORT]S TO ALL[ VIOL5T PROTE/]S TO 0HIJACK0 ! M$IA4 

,?IS SAME P]IOD BEGAN TO SEE 9CREAS+LY \TL&I% ACC\NTS ( :AT HAD HAPP5$ AT ,SEATTLE4 ,DUR+ ! ,W,T,O PROTE/S !MSELVES1 ,I MU/ EMPHASIZE1 NO ONE1 9CLUD+ ! ,SEATTLE POLICE1 HAD CLAIM$ AN>*I/S HAD DONE ANY?+ MORE MILITANT ?AN BREAK W9D[S4 ,?AT WAS ! 5D ( ,NOVEMB] #a#i#i#i4 ,9 ,M>* #b1 LESS ?AN ?REE MON?S LAT]1 A /ORY 9 ! ,BO/ON ,H]ALD REPORT$ ?AT1 9 ! WEEKS BE=E AN UPCOM+ BIOTE* CONF]5CE1 (FIC]S FROM ,SEATTLE HAD COME TO BRIEF ! LOCAL POLICE ON H[ TO DEAL ) ',SEATTLE TACTICS'1 SU* AS ATTACK+ POLICE ) 0*UNKS ( CONCRETE1 ,B,B GUNS1 WRI/ ROCKETS & L>GE CAPACITY SQUIRT GUNS LOAD$ ) BLEA* & UR9E04.<#a#e.> ,9 ,JUNE1 ,NEW ,YORK ,TIMES REPORT] ,NICOLE ,*RI/IAN1 APP>5TLY RELY+ ON POLICE S\RCES 9 ,DETROIT PREP>+ = A TRADE PROTE/ ACROSS ! ,CANADIAN BORD] 9 ,W9DSOR1 CLAIM$ ?AT ,SEATTLE DEMON/RATORS HAD 0HURL$ ,MOLOTOV COCKTAILS1 ROCKS & EXCREM5T AT DELEGATES & POLICE (FIC]S40 ,ON ?IS OCCASION1 AFT] ! ,NEW ,YORK ,DIRECT ,ACTION ,NETWORK PICKET$ !IR (FICES1 ! ,TIMES 5D$ UP HAV+ TO RUN A RETRACTION1 ADMITT+ ?AT ACCORD+ TO ,SEATTLE AU?ORITIES1 NO OBJECTS HAD BE5 ?R[N AT HUMAN BE+S4.<#a#f.> ,NONE!LESS1 ! ACC\NT APPE>S TO HAVE BECOME CANONICAL4 ,EA* TIME !RE IS A NEW MOBILIZATION1 /ORIES 9V>IABLY SURFACE 9 LOCAL NEWSPAP]S ) ! SAME LI/ ( 0,SEATTLE TACTICS0--A LI/ ?AT ALSO APPE>S TO HAVE BECOME 5%R9$ 9 TRA9+ MANUALS DI/RIBUT$ TO /REET COPS4 ,BE=E ! ,MIAMI ,SUMMIT ( ! ,AM]ICAS 9 #b#c1 = EXAMPLE1 = EXAMPLE1 CIRCUL>S DI/RIBUT$ TO LOCAL BUS9ESSM5 & CIVIC GR\PS LI/$ EV]Y ONE ( !SE 0,SEATTLE TACTICS0 AS :AT !Y %\LD EXPECT TO SEE ON ! /REETS ONCE AN>*I/S >RIV$3 

 ,WRI/ ,ROCKETS -- L>G] HUNT]-TYPE SL+ %OTS ?AT !Y USE TO %OOT /EEL BALL BE>+S OR L>GE BOLTS4 ,A V]Y DANG]\S & DEADLY WEAPON4 

 ,MOLOTOV ,COCKTAILS -- MANY W]E ?R[N 9 ,SEATTLE & ,QUEBEC & CAUS$ EXT5SIVE DAMAGE4 

 ,CR[ ,B>S -- TO SMA% W9D[S1 C>S1 ETC4 ,!Y ALSO PRY UP CURBS1 !N BREAK ! CEM5T 9TO PIECES ?AT !Y CAN ?R[ AT POLICE (FIC]S4 ,?IS WAS DONE EXT5SIVELY 9 ,SEATTLE4 

 ,SQUIRT GUNS -- FILL$ ) ACID OR UR9E4.<#a#g.> 

,AGA91 ACCORD+ TO LOCAL POLICE'S [N ACC\NTS1 NONE ( !SE WEAPONS OR TACTICS HAD BE5 US$ 9 ,SEATTLE & NO ONE HAS PRODUC$ ANY EVID5CE !Y'VE BE5 US$ 9 ANY SUBSEQU5T ,U,S MOBILIZATION4.<#a#h.> 

,9 ,MIAMI1 ! PR$ICTABLE RESULT WAS ?AT1 BY ! TIME ! FIR/ M>*ES BEGAN1 MO/ ( D[NT[N LAY %UTT]$ & AB&ON$4 

,MIAMI1 AS ! FIR/ MAJOR CONV]G5CE 9 ! NEW SECURITY CLIMATE AFT] ,SEPTEMB] #a#a?1 MI<T BE SAID TO M>K ! FULL CULM9ATION ( ?IS APPROA*1 COMB9+ AGGRESSIVE DIS9=MATION & PREEMPTIVE ATTACKS ON ACTIVI/S4 ,DUR+ ! ACTIONS1 ! POLICE *IEF--,JOHN ,TIMONEY AGA9--HAD (FIC]S P\R+ \T AN 5DLESS S]IES ( ACCUSATIONS ( ACTIVI/S HURL+ ROCKS1 BOTTLES1 UR9E1 & BAGS ( FECES AT POLICE4 7,AS USUAL1 DESPITE UBIQUIT\S VIDEO CAM]AS & HUNDR$S ( >RE/S1 NO ONE WAS EV] *>G$1 LET ALONE CONVICT$1 ( ASSAULT+ AN (FIC] ) ANY SU* SUB/ANCE1 & NO REPORT] MANAG$ TO PRODUCE AN IMAGE ( AN ACTIVI/ DO+ SO47 ,POLICE /RATEGY CONSI/$ ALMO/ 5TIRELY ( RAIDS & PREEMPTIVE ATTACKS ON PROTE/]S1 EMPLOY+ ! FULL >S5AL ( OLD & NEWLY DEVELOP$ 0NON-LE?AL0 WEAPONRY3 TAZ]S1 PEPP] SPRAY1 PLA/IC & RUBB] & WOOD5 BULLETS1 BEAN-BAG BULLETS SOAK$ 9 PEPP] SPRAY1 TE> GAS1 & SO ON--& RULES ( 5GAGEM5T ?AT ALL[$ !M TO PRETTY MU* FIRE AT ANYONE AT WILL4 

,H]E TOO1 PUPPETS W]E S+L$ \T4 ,9 ! MON?S BE=E ! SUMMIT1 ! ,MIAMI CITY C\NCIL ACTUALLY ATTEMPT$ TO PASS A LAW MAK+ ! DISPLAY ( PUPPETS ILLEGAL1 ON ! GR\NDS ?AT !Y C\LD BE US$ TO CONCEAL BOMBS OR O!R WEAPONS4.<#a#i.> ,IT FAIL$1 S9CE IT WAS PAT5TLY UNCON/ITUTIONAL1 BUT ! MESSAGE GOT \T4 ,AS A RESULT1 ! ,BLACK ,BLOC 9 ,MIAMI ACTUALLY 5D$ UP SP5D+ MO/ ( !IR TIME & 5]GY ON PROTECT+ ! PUPPETS4 ,MIAMI ALSO PROVIDES A VIVID EXAMPLE ( ! PECULI> P]SONAL ANIMUS MANY POLICE SEEM TO HAVE AGA9/ L>GE FIGURES MADE ( PAPI]-MA*E4 ,ACCORD+ TO ONE EYEWITNESS REPORT1 AFT] POLICE R\T$ PROTE/]S FROM ,SEASIDE ,PLAZA1 =C+ !M TO AB&ON !IR PUPPETS1 (FIC]S SP5T ! NEXT HALF H\R OR SO SY/EMATICALLY ATTACK+ & DE/ROY+ !M3 %OOT+1 KICK+1 & RIPP+ ! REMA9S2 ONE EV5 PUTT+ A GIANT PUPPET 9 HIS SQUAD C> ) ! HEAD /ICK+ \T & DRIV+ SO AS TO SMA% IT AGA9/ EV]Y SIGN & /REET PO/ AVAILABLE4 

RALLY+ ! TROOPS 

,! ,BO/ON EXAMPLE IS P>TICUL>LY /RIK+ BECAUSE IT 9DICATES ?AT !RE W]E ELEM5TS 9 ! ,SEATTLE POLICE ACTUALLY TRA9+ O!R POLICE 9 H[ TO DEAL ) VIOL5T TACTICS ?AT (FICIAL ,SEATTLE SPOKESM5 W]E1 SIMULTANE\SLY1 D5Y+ HAD ACTUALLY BE5 EMPLOY$4 ,:ILE IT'S V]Y DIFFICULT TO KN[ EXACTLY :AT'S GO+ ON H]E--EV5 REALLY1 TO FIGURE \T PRECISELY :O !SE 5DLESSLY CIT$ 

0POLICE 9TELLIG5CE0 S\RCES ACTUALLY >E 7WE SEEM TO BE 5T]+ A MURKY ZONE 9VOLV+ 9=MATION BE+ COLLECT$1 CONCOCT$1 & PASS$ BACK & =? BETWE5 A V>IETY ( F$]AL POLICE TASK =CES1 PRIVATE SECURITY AG5CIES1 & ALLI$ RI<T-W+ ?9K TANKS1 9 SU* A WAY ?AT ! IMAGES BECOME SELF-RE9=C+ & PRESUMABLY1 NO ONE IS QUITE SURE :AT IS & ISN'T TRUE7--IT IS EASY TO SEE H[ ONE ( ! MA9 CONC]NS 9 ! WAKE ( ,SEATTLE W\LD BE TO 5SURE ! RELIABILITY ( ONE'S TROOPS4 ,AS COMM&]S DISCOV]$ 9 ,SEATTLE1 (FIC]S US$ TO CONSID]+ !MSELVES GU>DIANS ( PUBLIC SAFETY FREQU5TLY BALK1 OR AT LEA/ WAV]1 :5 GIV5 ORD]S TO MAKE A BATON *>GE AGA9/ A COLLECTION ( NONVIOL5T #a#f-YE>-OLD :ITE GIRLS4 ,!SE W]E1 AFT] ALL1 ! V]Y SORT ( PEOPLE !Y >E ORD9>ILY EXPECT$ TO PROTECT4 ,AT LEA/ SOME ( ! IMAG]Y1 !N1 APPE>S TO BE DESIGN$ SPECIFICALLY TO APPEAL TO ! S5SIBILITY ( ORD9>Y /REET COPS4 

,?IS AT LEA/ W\LD HELP TO EXPLA9 ! O!RWISE PECULI> EMPHASIS ON BODILY FLUIDS3 ! WAT]-PI/OLS FULL ( BLEA* & UR9E1 = EXAMPLE1 OR CLAIMS ?AT (FIC]S W]E PELT$ ) UR9E & EXCREM5T4 ,?IS APPE>S TO BE V]Y MU* A POLICE OBSESSION4 ,C]TA9LY IT HAS NEXT TO NO?+ TO DO ) AN>*I/ S5SIBILITIES4 ,:5 ,I'VE ASK$ ACTIVI/S :]E !Y ?9K SU* /ORIES COME FROM1 MO/ CONFESS !MSELVES DEEPLY PUZZL$4 ,ONE OR TWO SUGGE/$ ?AT1 :5 DEF5D+ A BESIEG$ SQUAT1 SOMETIMES BUCKETS ( HUMAN WA/E IS ONE ( ! FEW ?+S ONE HAS TO ?R[4 ,BUT NONE HAVE EV] HE>D ( ANYONE ACTUALLY TRANSPORT+ HUMAN WA/E TO AN ACTION 9 ORD] TO HURL OR %OOT AT POLICE1 OR C\LD SUGGE/ :Y ANYONE MI<T WANT TO4 ,A BRICK1 SOME PO9T \T1 IS UNLIKELY TO 9JURE AN (FIC] 9 FULL RIOT GE>2 BUT IT WILL C]TA9LY SL[ HIM D[N4 ,BUT :AT W\LD BE ! PO9T ( %OOT+ UR9E AT HIM8 ,YET IMAGES LIKE ?IS REEM]GE ALMO/ EV]Y TIME POLICE ATTEMPT TO JU/IFY A PREEMPTIVE /RIKE4 ,9 PRESS CONF]5CES1 !Y HAVE BE5 KN[N TO ACTUALLY PRODUCE J>S ( UR9E & BAGS ( FECES ?AT !Y CLAIM TO HAVE DISCOV]$ HIDD5 9 BACKPACKS OR ACTIVI/ CONV]G5CE SITES4.<#b.> 

,IT IS H>D TO SEE !SE CLAIMS AS MAK+ S5SE EXCEPT )9 ! PECULI> ECONOMY ( P]SONAL HONOR TYPICAL ( ANY 9/ITUTION ?AT1 LIKE ! POLICE1 OP]ATES ON AN ESS5TIALLY MILIT>Y E?OS4 ,= POLICE (FIC]S1 ! MO/ LEGITIMATE JU/IFICATION = VIOL5CE IS AN ASSAULT ON ONE'S P]SONAL DIGNITY4 ,TO COV] ANO!R P]SON 9 %IT & PISS IS OBVI\SLY AB\T AS P[]FUL AN ASSAULT ON ONE'S P]SONAL DIGNITY AS ONE CAN POSSIBLY MAKE4 ,WE ALSO SEEM TO BE DEAL+ H]E ) A SELF-CONSCI\S ALLUSION TO ! FAM\S 

'IMAGE ( '#fS PROTE/]S 0SPITT+ ON SOLDI]S 9 UNI=M0 :5 !Y RETURN$ FROM ,VIETNAM--ONE :OSE MY?IC P[] CONT9UES TO RESONATE1 NOT JU/ 9 RI<T-W+ CIRCLES1 TO ?IS DAY1 DESPITE ! FACT ?AT !RE'S LITTLE EVID5CE ?AT IT EV] HAPP5$4.<#b#a.> ,IT'S ALMO/ AS IF SOMEONE DECID$ TO RAT*ET ! IMAGE UP A NOT*3 'IF SPITT+ ON A UNI=M IS SU* AN 9SULT1 :AT W\LD BE EV5 WORSE8' 

,?AT !RE MI<T HAVE BE5 SOME K9D ( COORD9ATION 9 ?IS EF=T MI<T BE GLEAN$1 TOO1 FROM ! FACT ?AT IT WAS PRECISELY >\ND ! TIME ( ! DEMOCRATIC & REPUBLICAN CONV5TIONS 9 ! SUMM] ( #b ?AT MAYORS & POLICE *IEFS >\ND ,AM]ICA BEGAN REGUL>LY DECL>+1 (T5 9 /RIK+ SIMIL> T]MS 7& BAS$ ON NO EVID5CE :ATSOEV]7 ?AT AN>*I/S W]E ACTUALLY A BUN* ( 0TRU/ FUND BABIES0 :O DISGUIS$ !IR FACES :ILE BREAK+ ?+S SO !IR WEAL?Y P>5TS W\LDN'T RECOGNIZE !M ON ,T,V--AN ACCUSATION ?AT SOON BECAME RECEIV$ WISDOM AMONG RI<T-W+ TALK %[ HO/S & LAW 5=CEM5T PR(ESSIONALS ACROSS ,AM]ICA4.<#b#b.> ,! OBVI\S MESSAGE TO ! (FIC] ON ! /REET APPE>$ TO BE3 'DO NOT ?9K ( Y\R ASSIGNM5T AS HAV+ TO PROTECT A BUN* ( BANK]S & POLITICIANS :O HAVE CONTEMPT = Y\ AGA9/ PROTE/]S :OSE ACTUAL POSITIONS ON ECONOMIC ISSUES Y\ MI<T WELL AGREE )2 ?9K ( IT1 RA!R1 AS A *ANCE TO BEAT UP ON ?OSE BANK]S' & POLITICIANS' *ILDR54' ,9 A S5SE1 ONE MI<T SAY ! MESSAGE WAS P]FECTLY CALIBRAT$ TO ! LEVEL ( REPRESSION REQUIR$1 S9CE IT SUGGE/S ?AT :ILE =CE WAS APPROPRIATE1 DEADLY =CE WAS NOT3 IF ONE W]E TO ACTUALLY MAIM OR KILL A PROTE/]1 ONE MI<T WELL BE KILL+ ! SON OR DAU<T] ( A S5ATOR OR ,C,E,O1 :I* W\LD BE LIKELY TO PROVOKE A SC&AL4 

,POLICE >E ALSO APP>5TLY REGUL>LY W>N$ ( ?AT PUPPETS MI<T BE US$ TO CONCEAL BOMBS OR WEAPONS4.<#b#c.> ,IF QUE/ION$ ON !IR ATTITUDES T[>DS PUPPETS1 ?IS IS H[ !Y >E LIKELY TO RESPOND4 

,H[EV]1 IT'S H>D TO IMAG9E ?IS ALONE C\LD EXPLA9 ! LEVEL ( P]SONAL V9DICTIV5ESS WITNESS$ 9 ,MIAMI & O!R ACTIONS--ESPECIALLY S9CE POLICE HACK+ PUPPETS TO PIECES MU/ HAVE BE5 AW>E ?AT !RE WAS NO?+ HIDD5 9SIDE !M4 ,! ANTIPA?Y SEEMS TO RUN F> DEEP]4 ,MANY ACTIVI/S HAVE SPECULAT$ ON ! REASONS3 

,DAVID ,COR/ON-,KN[LES' OP9ION3 ,Y\ HAVE TO BE> 9 M9D !SE >E PEOPLE :O >E TRA9$ TO BE P>ANOID4 ,!Y REALLY DO HAVE TO ASK !MSELVES :E!R SOME?+ SO BIG & 9SCRUTABLE MI<T CONTA9 EXPLOSIVES1 H[EV] ABSURD ?AT MI<T SEEM FROM A NONVIOL5T PROTE/]'S P]SPECTIVE4 ,POLICE VIEW !IR JOBS NOT JU/ AS LAW 5=CEM5T1 BUT ALSO AS MA9TA9+ ORD]4 ,& !Y TAKE ?AT JOB V]Y P]SONALLY4 ,GIANT DEMON/RATIONS & GIANT PUPPETS >5'T ORD]LY4 ,!Y >E AB\T CREAT+ SOME?+--A DIFF]5T SOCIETY1 A DIFF]5T WAY ( LOOK+ AT ?+S--& CREATIVITY IS FUNDAM5TALLY AT ODDS ) ! /ATUS QUO4 

,DANIEL ,LANG'S OP9ION3 ,WELL1 ONE !ORY IS ?AT ! COPS JU/ DON'T LIKE BE+ UP/AG$ BY SOMEONE PUTT+ ON A BIGG] %[4 ,AFT] ALL1 NORMALLY !Y'RE ! SPECTACLE3 !Y'VE GOT ! BLUE UNI=MS1 !Y'VE GOT ! HELICOPT]S & HORSES & R[S ( %9Y MOTORCYCLES4 ,SO MAYBE !Y JU/ RES5T IT :5 SOMEONE /EALS ! %[ BY COM+ UP ) SOME?+ EV5 BIGG] & EV5 MORE VISUALLY /RIK+4 ,!Y WANT TO TAKE \T ! COMPETITION4 

,YVONNE ,LIU'S OP9ION3 ,IT'S BECAUSE !Y'RE SO BIG4 ,COPS DON'T LIKE ?+S ?AT T[] OV] !M4 ,?AT'S :Y !Y LIKE TO BE ON HORSES4 ,PLUS1 PUPPETS >E SILLY & R\ND & MIS%AP54 ,NOTICE H[ MU* COPS ALWAYS HAVE TO MA9TA9 /RAI<T L9ES8 ,!Y /& 9 /RAI<T L9ES1 !Y ALWAYS TRY TO MAKE Y\ /& 9 /RAI<T L9ES444 ,I ?9K R\ND MIS%AP5 ?+S SOMEH[ (F5D !M4 

,MAX ,UHL5BECK'S OP9ION3 ,OBVI\SLY1 !Y HATE TO BE REM9D$ ?AT !Y'RE PUPPETS !MSELVES4 

,I WILL RETURN TO ?IS QUE/ION %ORTLY4 

,ANALYSIS ,I3 ,! ,HOLLYWOOD ,MOVIE ,PR9CIPLE 

,FROM ! PO9T ( VIEW ( SECURITY (FICIALS DUR+ ?IS P]IOD1 RALLY+ ! TROOPS WAS PRESUMABLY ! EASY P>T4 ,! /ICKI] PROBLEM WAS :AT TO DO ) ! FACT ?AT ! BULK ( ! ,AM]ICAN PUBLIC REFUS$ TO SEE ! GLOBAL JU/ICE MOVEM5T AS A ?REAT4 ,! ONLY SURVEY ,I AM AW>E ( TAK5 AT ! TIME ?AT ADDRESS$ ! QUE/ION--A ,ZOGBY ,AM]ICA POLL TAK5 ( ,T,V VIEW]S DUR+ ! ,REPUBLICAN CONV5TION 9 #b--F\ND ?AT AB\T A ?IRD CLAIM$ TO FEEL 0PRIDE0 :5 !Y SAW IMAGES ( PROTE/]S ON ,T,V1 & LESS ?AN #a#f.0 P]C5T HAD AN UNQUALIFI$ NEGATIVE REACTION4.<#b#d.> ,?IS WAS ESPECIALLY /RIK+ 9 A POLL ( TELEVISION VIEW]S1 S9CE ,T,V COV]AGE DUR+ ! CONV5TION WAS UNREMITT+LY HO/ILE1 TREAT+ ! EV5TS ALMO/ EXCLUSIVELY AS POT5TIAL SECURITY ?REATS4 

,!RE IS1 ,I ?9K1 A SIMPLE EXPLANATION4 ,I W\LD PROPOSE TO CALL IT ! ,HOLLYWOOD MOVIE PR9CIPLE4 ,MO/ ,AM]ICANS1 9 WAT*+ A DRAMATIC CONFRONTATION ON ,T,V1 EFFECTIVELY ASK !MSELVES3 0IF ?IS W]E A ,HOLLYWOOD MOVIE1 :O W\LD BE ! GOOD GUYS80 ,PRES5T$ ) A CONTE/ BETWE5 :AT APPE> TO BE A COLLECTION ( IDEALI/IC KIDS :O DO NOT ACTUALLY 9JURE ANYONE1 & A COLLECTION ( HEAVILY >M$ RIOT COPS PROTECT+ TRADE BUREAUCRATS & CORPORATE ,C,E,OS1 ! ANSW] IS PRETTY OBVI\S4 

,9DIVIDUAL MAV]ICK COPS CAN BE MOVIE H]OES4 ,RIOT COPS NEV] >E4 ,9 FACT1 9 ,HOLLYWOOD MOVIES1 RIOT COPS ALMO/ NEV] APPE>2 AB\T ! CLOSE/ ONE CAN F9D TO !M >E ! ,IMP]IAL ,/ORM TROOP]S 9 ,/> ,W>S1 :O1 LIKE !IR LEAD] ,D>? ,VAD]1 /& 9 ,AM]ICAN POPUL> CULTURE AS ONE ( ! MO/ FAMILI> >*ETYPES ( EVIL4 ,?IS PO9T IS NOT LO/ ON ! AN>*I/S1 :O HAVE S9CE ,A#a#f TAK5 TO REGUL>LY BR++ RECORD+S ( ! ,IMP]IAL ,/ORM ,TROOP] MUSIC FROM ,/> ,W>S TO BLA/ FROM !IR RANKS AS SOON AS A L9E ( RIOT COPS />TS ADVANC+4 

,IF SO1 ! KEY PROBLEM = ! =CES ( ORD] BECAME3 :AT W\LD IT TAKE TO REV]SE ?IS P]CEPTION8 ,H[ TO CA/ PROTE/]S 9 ! ROLE ( ! VILLA98 

,9 ! IMM$IATE AFT]MA? ( ,SEATTLE ! FOCUS WAS ALL ON BROK5 W9D[S4 ,AS WE'VE SE51 ?IS IMAG]Y C]TA9LY DID /RIKE SOME SORT ( *ORD4 ,BUT 9 T]MS ( CREAT+ A S5SE ?AT DECISIVE MEASURES W]E REQUIR$1 EF=TS TO MAKE A NATIONAL ISSUE \T ( PROP]TY DE/RUCTION CAME TO SURPRIS+LY LITTLE EFFECT4 ,9 ! T]MS ( MY ANALYSIS ?IS MAKES P]FECT S5SE4 ,AFT] ALL1 9 ! MORAL ECONOMY ( ,HOLLYWOOD1 PROP]TY DE/RUCTION IS AT BE/ V]Y M9OR PECCADILLO4 ,9 FACT1 IF ! POPUL>ITY ( ! V>I\S ,T]M9ATORS1 ,LE?AL ,WEAPONS1 OR ,DIE ,H>DS & ! LIKE REVEAL ANY?+1 IT IS ?AT MO/ ,AM]ICANS SEEM TO RA!R LIKE ! IDEA ( PROP]TY DE/RUCTION4 ,IF !Y DID NOT !MSELVES H>BOR A C]TA9 HIDD5 GLEE AT ! IDEA ( SOMEONE SMA%+ A BRAN* ( !IR LOCAL BANK1 OR A ,MAC,DONALD'S 7NOT TO M5TION POLICE C>S1 %OPP+ MALLS1 & COMPLEX CON/RUCTION MA*9]Y71 IT'S H>D TO IMAG9E :Y !Y W\LD SO REGUL>LY PAY MONEY TO WAT* IDEALI/IC DO-GOOD]S SMA%+ & BL[+ !M UP = H\RS ON 5D1 ALWAYS 9 WAYS :I*1 ?R\< ! MAGIC ( ! MOVIES--BUT ALSO LIKE ! PRACTICE ( ! ,BLACK ,BLOC--T5D TO LEAVE 9NOC5T BY/&]S 5TIRELY UNH>M$8 ,C]TA9LY1 IT'S UNLIKELY ?AT !RE >E SIGNIFICANT NUMB]S ( ,AM]ICANS :O HAVE NOT1 AT SOME TIME OR ANO!R1 HAD A FANTASY AB\T SMA%+ UP !IR BANK4 ,9 ! L& ( DEMOLITION D]BIES & MON/] TRUCKS1 ,BLACK ,BLOC AN>*I/S MI<T BE SAID TO BE LIV+ A HIDD5 ASPECT ( ! ,AM]ICAN DREAM4 

,OBVI\SLY1 !SE >E JU/ FANTASIES4 ,MO/ WORK+ CLASS ,AM]ICANS DO NOT OV]TLY APPROVE ( DE/ROY+ A ,/>BUCKS FACADE2 BUT1 UNLIKE ! TALK+ CLASSES1 NEI!R DO !Y SEE SU* ACTIVITY AS A ?REAT TO ! NATION1 LET ALONE ANY?+ REQUIR+ MILIT>Y-/YLE REPRESSION4 

,ANALYSIS ,I,I3 ,CREATIVE ,DE/RUCTION & ! ,PRIVATIZATION ( ,DESIRE 

,ONE C\LD EV5 SAY ?AT 9 A S5SE1 ! ,BLACK ,BLOC APPE> TO BE ! LATE/ AVAT>S ( AN >TI/IC_/REVOLUTION>Y TRADITION :I* RUNS AT LEA/ ?R\< ! ,DADAI/S1 ,SURREALI/S & ,SITUATIONI/S 7! LATT] BY F> ! MO/ POPUL> !ORI/S 9 ,AM]ICAN AN>*I/ BOOK%OPS73 ONE :I* TRIES TO PLAY (F ! CONTRADICTIONS ( CAPITALISM BY TURN+ ITS [N DE/RUCTIVE1 LEVEL+ =CES AGA9/ IT4 ,CAPITALI/ SOCIETIES--& ,AM]ICA 9 P>TICUL>-->E1 9 ESS5CE1 POTLAT* SOCIETIES4 ,?AT IS1 !Y >E BUILT >\ND  ! SPECTACUL> DE/RUCTION ( CONSUM] GOODS4.<#b#e.> ,!Y >E SOCIETIES ?AT IMAG9E !MSELVES AS BUILT ON SOME?+ !Y CALL 0! ECONOMY0 :I*1 9 TURN IS IMAG9$ AS A NEXUS BETWE5 0PRODUCTION0 & 0CONSUMPTION01 5DLESSLY SPITT+ \T PRODUCTS & !N DE/ROY+ !M AGA94 ,S9CE IT IS ALL BAS$ ON ! PR9CIPLE ( 9F9ITE EXPANSION ( 9DU/RIAL PRODUCTION--! V]Y PR9CIPLE :I* ! ,BLACK ,BLOC AN>*I/S1 MO/LY BE+ HI<LY ECOLOGICALLY CONSCI\S ANTI-CAPITALI/S1 MO/ VEHEM5TLY OPPOSE--ALL ?AT /UFF HAS TO BE CON/ANTLY DE/ROY$ TO MAKE WAY = NEW PRODUCTS4 ,BUT ?IS1 9 TURN1 MEANS 9CULCAT+ A C]TA9 PASSION = OR DELI<T 9 ! SMA%+ & DE/RUCTION ( PROP]TY ?AT CAN V]Y EASILY SLIP 9TO A DELI<T 9 ! %ATT]+ ( ?OSE /RUCTURES ( RELATION :I* MAKE CAPITALISM POSSIBLE4 

,IT IS A SY/EM ?AT CAN ONLY R5EW ITSELF BY CULTIVAT+ A HIDD5 PLEASURE AT ! PROSPECT ( ITS [N DE/RUCTION4.<#b#f.> 

,ACTUALLY1 ONE C\LD WELL >GUE ?AT !RE HAVE BE5 TWO /RA9S 9 TW5TIE? C5TURY >TI/IC_/REVOLUTION>Y ?\<T1 & ?AT BO? HAVE BE5 5TANGL$ 9 !--5DLESSLY AMBIVAL5T--IMAGE ( ! POTLAT*4 ,9 ! #a#i#cS1 = EXAMPLE1 ,GEORGE ,BATAILLE BECAME FASC9AT$ BY ,M>CEL ,MAUSS' DESCRIPTION ( ! SPECTACUL> DE/RUCTION ( PROP]TY 9 ,KWAKIUTL POTLAT*ES2 IT ULTIMATELY BECAME ! BASIS = HIS FAM\S !ORY ( 0EXP5DITURE01 ( ! CREATION ( MEAN+ ?R\< DE/RUCTION1 ?AT HE FELT WAS ULTIMATELY LACK+ UND] MOD]N CAPITALISM4 ,!RE >E 5DLESS IRONIES H]E4 ,FIR/ ( ALL1 :AT ,BATAILLE & SUBSEQU5T AU?ORS SEIZ$ ON WAS NOT1 9 FACT1 0! POTLAT*0 AT ALL1 BUT A SMALL NUMB] ( V]Y UNUSUAL POTLAT*ES HELD >\ND ! TURN ( ! C5TURY1 AT A TIME M>K$ BO? BY A RAPID DECL9E 9 ,KWAKIUTL POPULATION1 & A M9OR ECONOMIC BOOM HAD LEFT ! REGION AWA% 9 AN UNPREC$5T$ NUMB] ( CONSUM] GOODS4 ,ORD9>Y POTLAT*ES DID NOT NORMALLY 9VOLVE ! DE/RUCTION ( PROP]TY AT ALL2 !Y W]E SIMPLY OCCASIONS = >I/OCRATS TO LAVI% WEAL? ON ! COMMUNITY4 ,IF ! IMAGE ( ,9DIANS SETT+ FIRE TO ?\S&S ( BLANKETS OR O!R CONSUM] GOODS PROV$ CAPTIVAT+1 9 O!R WORDS1 IT WAS NOT BECAUSE IT REPRES5T$ SOME FUNDAM5TAL TRU? AB\T HUMAN SOCIETY ?AT CONSUM] CAPITALISM HAD =GOTT51 BUT RA!R BECAUSE IT REFLECT$ ! ULTIMATE TRU? ( CONSUM] CAPITALISM ITSELF4 

,9 #a#i#c#g1 ,BATAILLE TEAM$ UP ) ,ROG] ,CALLOIS TO F\ND A READ+ GR\P CALL$ 0,! ,COLLEGE ( ,SOCIOLOGY01 ?AT EXP&$ HIS 9SI<TS 9TO A G5]AL !ORY ( ! REVOLUTION>Y FE/IVAL3 >GU+ ?AT IT WAS ONLY BY RECLAIM+ ! PR9CIPLE ( ! SACR$1 & ! P[] ( MY? EMBODI$ 9 POPUL> FE/IVALS ?AT EFFECTIVE REVOLUTION>Y ACTION W\LD BE POSSIBLE4 ,SIMIL> IDEAS W]E DEVELOP$ 9 ! '#eS BY ,H5RI ,LEFEBVRE1 & )9 ! ,LETTRI/ ,9T]NATIONAL1 :OSE J\RNAL1 $IT$ BY ,GUY ,DEBORD1 WAS1 SIGNIFICANTLY1 5TITL$ 0,POTLAT*40.<#b#g.> ,H]E !RE IS ( C\RSE A DIRECT L9E FROM ! ,SITUATIONI/S1 ) !IR PROMULGATION ( >T AS A =M ( REVOLUTION>Y DIRECT ACTION1 TO ! PUNK MOVEM5T & CONTEMPOR>Y AN>*ISM4 

,IF ,BLACK ,BLOCS EMBODY ONE SIDE ( ?IS TRADITION--CAPITALISM'S 5C\RAGEM5T ( A K9D ( FASC9ATION ) CONSUM]I/ DE/RUCTION ?AT CAN1 ULTIMATELY1 BE TURN$ BACK AGA9/ CAPITALISM ITSELF--! ,PUPPETS SURELY REPRES5T ! O!R ONE1 ! RECUP]ATION ( ! SACR$ & UNALI5AT$ EXP]I5CE 9 ! COLLECTIVE FE/IVAL4 ,RADICAL PUPPETE]S T5D TO BE KE5LY AW>E ?AT !IR >T H>K5S BACK TO ! WICK]WORK GIANTS & DRAGONS1 ,G>GANTUAS & ,PANTAGRUELS ( ,M$IEVAL FE/IVALS4 ,EV5 ?OSE :O HAVE NOT !MSELVES READ ,RABELAIS OR ,BAKHT9 >E LIKELY TO BE FAMILI> ) ! NOTION ( ! C>NIVALESQUE4.<#b#h.> ,CONV]G5CES >E REGUL>LY FRAM$ AS 0C>NIVALS AGA9/ CAPITALISM0 OR 0FE/IVALS ( RESI/ANCE40 ,! BASE-L9E REF]5CE SEEMS TO BE ! LATE ,M$IEVAL WORLD IMM$IATELY BE=E ! EM]G5CE ( CAPITALISM1 P>TICUL>LY1 ! P]IOD AFT] ! ,BLACK ,DEA? :5 ! SUDD5 DECL9E 9 POPULATION HAD ! EFFECT ( PUTT+ UNPREC$5T$ AM\NTS ( MONEY 9TO ! H&S ( ! LABOR+ CLASSES4 ,MO/ ( IT 5D$ UP BE+ P\R$ 9TO POPUL> FE/IVALS ( ONE SORT OR ANO!R1 :I* !MSELVES BEGAN TO MULTIPLY UNTIL !Y TOOK UP L>GE P>TS ( ! CAL5D> YE>2 :AT N[ADAYS MI<T BE CALL$ EV5TS ( 0COLLECTIVE CONSUMPTION01 CELEBRATIONS ( C>NALITY & R[DY PLEASURES &--IF ,BAKHT9 IS TO BE BELIEV$--TACIT ATTACKS ON ! V]Y PR9CIPLE ( HI]>*Y4 ,ONE MI<T SAY ?AT ! FIR/ WAVE ( CAPITALISM1 ! ,PURITAN ,MOM5T AS IT'S SOMETIMES CALL$1 HAD TO BEG9 ) A CONC]T$ ASSAULT ON ?IS WORLD1 :I* WAS CONDEMN$ BY IMPROV+ L&LORDS & NASC5T CAPITALI/S AS PAGAN1 IMMORAL1 & UTT]LY UNCONDUCIVE TO ! MA9T5ANCE ( LABOR DISCIPL9E4 ,( C\RSE A MOVEM5T TO ABOLI% ALL MOM5TS ( PUBLIC FE/IVITY C\LD NOT LA/ =EV]2 ,CROMWELL'S REIGN 9 ,5GL& IS REVIL$ TO ?IS DAY ON ! GR\NDS ?AT HE \TLAW$ ,*RI/MAS4 ,MORE IMPORTANTLY1 ONCE MOM5TS ( FE/IVE1 COLLECTIVE CONSUMPTION W]E ELIM9AT$1 ! NASC5T CAPITALISM W\LD BE LEFT ) ! OBVI\S PROBLEM ( H[ TO SELL ITS PRODUCTS1 P>TICUL>LY 9 LI<T ( ! NE$ TO CON/ANTLY EXP& PRODUCTION4 ,! 5D RESULT WAS :AT ,I LIKE TO CALL A PROCESS ( ! PRIVATIZATION ( DESIRE2 ! CREATION ( 5DLESS 9DIVIDUAL1 FAMILIAL1 OR SEMI-FURTIVE =MS ( CONSUMPTION2 NONE ( :I*1 AS WE >E SO (T5 REM9D$1 C\LD REALLY BE FULLY SATISFY+ OR ELSE ! :OLE LOGIC ( 5DLESS EXPANSION W\LDN'T WORK4 ,:ILE ONE %\LD H>DLY IMAG9E ?AT POLICE /RATEGI/S >E FULLY COGNIZANT ( ALL ?IS1 ! V]Y EXI/5CE ( POLICE IS TI$ TO A POLITICAL COSMOLOGY :I* SEES SU* =MS ( COLLECTIVE CONSUMPTION AS 9H]5TLY DISORD]LY1 & 7MU* LIKE A ,M$IEVAL C>NIVAL7 ALWAYS BRIMM+ ) ! POSSIBILITY ( VIOL5T 9SURRECTION4 0,ORD]0 MEANS ?AT CITIZ5S %\LD GO HOME & WAT* ,T,V4.<#b#i.> 

,= POLICE1 !N1 :AT REVOLUTION>IES SEE AS AN ]UPTION ( ! SACR$ ?R\< A RECREATION ( ! POPUL> FE/IVAL IS A 0DISORD]LY ASSEMBLY0--& EXACTLY ! SORT ( ?+ !Y EXI/ TO DISP]SE4 

,H[EV]1 S9CE ?IS S5SE ( FE/IVAL AS ?REAT5+ DOES NOT APPE> TO RESONATE ) L>GE SECTORS ( ! ,T,V AUDI5CE1 ! POLICE W]E =C$ TO1 AS IT W]E1 *ANGE ! SCRIPT4 ,:AT WE'VE SE5 IS A V]Y CALCULAT$ CAMPAIGN ( SYMBOLIC W>F>E1 AN ATTEMPT TO ELIM9ATE IMAGES ( COLORFUL FLOATS & PUPPETS1 & SUB/ITUTE IMAGES ( BOMBS & HYDRO*LORIC ACID--! V]Y SUB/ANCES ?AT1 9 POLICE FANTASIES1 >E LIKELY TO ACTUALLY LURK B5EA? ! PAPI]-MA*E FACADE4 

,ANALYSIS ,P>T ,I,I,I3 ,! ,LAWS ( ,W> 

,TO FULLY UND]/& ! PLACE ( PUPPETS1 ?\<1 ,I ?9K ONE HAS TO GRAPPLE ) ! QUE/ION ( RULES ( 5GAGEM5T4 

,I ALREADY T\*$ ON ?IS QUE/ION OBLIQUELY E>LI] :5 ,I SUGGE/$ ?AT :5 POLITICIANS 9=M$ /REET COPS ?AT PROTE/]S W]E 0TRU/ FUND BABIES01 :AT !Y REALLY MEANT TO SUGGE/ WAS ?AT !Y C\LD BE BRUTALIZ$1 BUT NOT MAIM$ OR KILL$1 & ?AT POLICE TACTICS %\LD BE DESIGN$ ACCORD+LY4 ,FROM AN E?NOGRAPH]'S P]SPECTIVE1 ONE ( ! MO/ PUZZL+ ?+S AB\T DIRECT ACTION IS TO UND]/& H[ !SE RULES >E ACTUALLY NEGOTIAT$4 ,C]TA9LY1 RULES EXI/4 ,!RE >E L9ES ?AT CANNOT BE CROSS$ BY ! POLICE )\T RISK ( MAJOR SC&AL1 !RE >E 5DLESS L9ES ?AT CANNOT BE CROSS$ BY ACTIVI/S4 ,YET EA* SIDE ACTS AS IF IT IS PLAY+ A GAME :OSE RULES IT HAD WORK$ \T EXCLUSIVELY ?R\< ITS [N 9T]NAL PROCESSES1 )\T ANY CONSULTATION ) ! O!R PLAY]S4 ,?IS C\LD NOT ULTIMATELY BE ! CASE4 ,I FIR/ BEGAN ?9K+ AB\T !SE QUE/ION AFT] MY EXP]I5CE 9 ,PHILLY DUR+ ! ,REPUBLICAN ,CONV5TION 9 ! SUMM] ( #b4 ,I HAD WORK+ MA9LY ) AN ACTIVI/ M$IA TEAM4 ,DUR+ ! DAY ( ACTION1 H[EV]1 MY JOB WAS TO GO \T 9TO ! /REETS ) A CELL PHONE TO REPORT BACK TO !M :AT WAS ACTUALLY HAPP5+4 ,I 5D$ UP ACCOMPANY+ A COLUMN ( ,BLACK ,BLOC']S :OSE ACTIONS W]E ORIG9ALLY MEANT AS A DIV]SION1 TO LURE POLICE AWAY FROM /REET BLOCKADES 9 A DIFF]5T P>T ( T[N4 ,! POLICE APPE> TO HAVE DECID$ NOT TO TAKE ! BAIT1 & AS A RESULT1 ! ,BLOC BRIEFLY HAD !IR RUN ( A WIDE /RET* ( D[NT[N ,PHILADELPHIA3 

7BAS$ ON FIELD NOTES1 ,PHILADELPHIA1 ,AUGU/ #a/ #b74 

FAC$ ) A RAPIDLY MOV+ COLUMN ( SEV]AL HUNDR$ AN>*I/S APPE>+ \T ( NO:]E1 SMALL GR\PS ( POLICE W\LD (T5 AB&ON !IR C>S1 :I* ! AN>*I/S W\LD !N PROCE$ TO TRA% & SPRAY-PA9T4 ,A C\PLE DOZ5 POLICE C>S1 ONE /RET* LIMO1 & NUM]\S (FICIAL BUILD+S W]E HIT 9 ! C\RSE ( ! NEXT H\R OR SO4 ,EV5TUALLY1 RE9=CEM5TS1 9 ! =M ( POLICE BICYCLE SQUADS1 BEGAN TO APPE> & BE=E LONG !RE WAS A R\< BALANCE ( =CES4 ,:AT FOLL[$ AT ?IS PO9T C\LD ONLY BE DESCRIB$ AS AN EPISODE ( SOME K9D ( NONVIOL5T W>F>E4 ,A FEW ,BLACK ,BLOC KIDS W\LD TRY TO %UT D[N A BUS BY PLAY+ ) VALVES 9 ! BACK2 A SQUAD ( BIKE COPS W\LD SWOOP 9 & GRAB A FEW1 CUFF+ !M & LOCK+ !IR BIKES TOGE!R TO CREATE T9Y =TRESSES 9 :I* TO HOLD !M4 ,ONCE1 A L>GE MASS ( PROTE/]S APPE>$ FROM ANO!R DIRECTION & ! COPS 5D$ UP BESIEG$ 9 !IR LITTLE BIKE =T1 ) ,BLACK ,BLOCK]S SURR\ND+ !M1 SCREAM+ 9SULTS1 ?R[+ PA9T BOMBS ABOVE !IR HEADS1 DO+ EV]Y?+ BUT ACTUALLY ATTACK+ !M4 ,ON ?AT OCCASION ! ,BLOC WASN'T QUITE ABLE TO SNAT* BACK !IR >RE/$ COMRADES BE=E POLICE VANS ) RE9=CEM5TS APPE>$ TO TAKE !M AWAY2 ELSE:]E1 !RE W]E RUMORS ( SUCCESSFUL 'UN>RE/S'4 ,! POLICE EV5 SUFF]$ A CASUALTY 9 ?AT P>TICUL> CONFRONTATION3 ONE OV]WEI<T COP1 OV]:ELM$ BY ! T5SION & /IFL+ HEAT1 COLLAPS$ & HAD TO BE C>RI$ (F OR REVIV$ ) SMELL+ SALTS4 

,IT WAS OBVI\S ?AT BO? SIDES HAD C>EFULLY WORK$ \T RULES ( 5GAGEM5T4 ,ACTIVI/S T5D$ TO WORK \T !IR PR9CIPLES C>EFULLY 9 ADVANCE1 & :ILE !RE W]E C]TA9LY DIFF]5CES1 SAY1 BETWE5 ?OSE :O ADOPT$ CLASSIC NONVIOL5T CIVIL DISOB$I5CE RULES 7:O HAD1 = EXAMPLE1 UND]GONE NONVIOL5CE TRA9+S7 & ! MORE MILITANT AN>*I/S ,I WAS )1 ALL AGREE AT LEA/ ON ! NE$ TO AVOID DIRECTLY CAUS+ H>M TO O!R HUMAN BE+S1 OR TO DAMAGE P]SONAL PROP]TY OR [N]-OP]AT$ 0MOM & POP0 /ORES4 ,! POLICE ( C\RSE C\LD ATTACK PROTE/]S MORE OR LESS AT WILL1 BUT AT ?IS PO9T AT LEA/1 !Y SEEM$ TO FEEL !Y HAD TO DO SO 9 SU* A WAY AS TO BE FAIRLY SURE ?AT NONE W\LD BE KILL$ OR MORE ?AN A H&FUL REQUIR$ HOSPITALIZATION--:I*1 9 ! ABS5CE ( V]Y SPECIFIC TRA9+S & TE*NOLOGIES1 REQUIR$ A FAIR AM\NT ( CON/RA9T4 

,!SE BASIC RULES APPLI$ ?R\<\T2 H[EV]1 OV] ! C\RSE ( ! DAY1 ! T5OR ( EV5TS WAS CON/ANTLY %IFT+4 ,! ,BLACK ,BLOC CONFRONTATIONS W]E T5SE & ANGRY2 O!R >EAS W]E PLACID OR SOMB] RITUAL1 DRUM CIRCLES OR PAGAN SPIRAL DANCES2 O!RS1 FULL ( MUSIC OR RIDICUL\S C>NIVAL4 ,! ,BLACK ,BLOC COLUMN ,I WAS ACCOMPANY+1 = EXAMPLE1 EV5TUALLY CONV]G$ ) A S]IES ( O!RS UNTIL !RE W]E ALMO/ A ?\S& AN>*I/S RAMPAG+ ?R\< ! C5T] ( ! CITY4 ,! ,DI/RICT ,ATTORNEY'S (FICE WAS ?OR\<LY PA9T-BOMB$4 

,MORE POLICE C>S W]E DE/ROY$4 ,H[EV] IT WAS ALL DONE QUICKLY ON ! MOVE & L>G] & L>G] BIKE SQUADS />T$ FOLL[$ \R COLUMNS1 SPLITT+ ! ,BLOC & ?REAT5+ TO ISOLATE SMALL] GR\PS ?AT C\LD1 !N1 BE >RE/$4 ,WE W]E RUNN+ FA/] & FA/]1 DODG+ ?R\< ALLEYS & P>K+ LOTS4 

,F9ALLY1 ! L>GE/ GR\P DESC5D$ ON A PLAZA :]E A P]MITT$ RALLY WAS BE+ HELD2 ?IS WAS ASSUM$ TO BE A SAFE SPACE4 ,9 FACT1 IT WASN'T QUITE4 ,RIOT POLICE SOON BEGAN SURR\ND+ ! PLAZA & CUTT+ (F R\TES ( ESCAPE2 IT SEEM$ LIKE !Y W]E PREP>+ = A MASS >RE/4 

,SU* MATT]S USUALLY SIMPLY COME D[N TO NUMB]S3 IT TAKES SOME?+ LIKE TWO (FIC]S 9 ! FIELD = EV]Y PROTE/] TO C>RY (F A MASS >RE/1 PROBABLY ?REE IF ! VICTIMS >E TRY+ TO RESI/1 & HAVE SOME IDEA ( H[ TO GO AB\T IT 7I4E41 KN[ 5\< TO L9K >MS & TRY TO KEEP A CONT9U\S L9E47 ,9 ?IS SITUATION ! ,BLACK ,BLOC KIDS C\LD BE EXPECT$ TO KN[ EXACTLY :AT TO DO2 ! O!RS1 :O ?\<T !Y W]E ATT5D+ A SAFE1 P]MAN5T EV5T1 W]E MO/LY 5TIRELY UNPREP>$ BUT C\LD NONE!LESS BE ASSUM$ TO FOLL[ !IR LEAD2 ON ! O!R H&1 !Y W]E TRAPP$1 !Y HAD NO WAY TO RECEIVE RE9=CEM5TS1 & ! POLICE W]E GETT+ A CON/ANT FL[ ( !M4 ,! MOOD WAS EXTREMELY T5SE4 ,ACTIVI/S :O HAD E>LI] BE5 CONDUCT+ A TEA*-9 & SMALL RALLY AGA9/ ! PRISON 9DU/RIAL COMPLEX MILL$ AB\T UNCOM=TABLY >\ND A GIANT PO/]-BO>D AS ! ,BLOC1 N[ R$UC$ TO A C\PLE HUNDR$ BLACK FIGURES 9 B&ANNAS & GAS MASKS1 =M$ A M9I-SPOKESC\NCIL1 !N FAC$ (F AGA9/ ! POLICE L9ES AT TWO DIFF]5T PO9TS :]E IT SEEM$ !RE MI<T BE A BREAK 9 !IR L9ES 7!RE USUALLY IS1 :5 ! POLICE FIR/ BEG9 TO DEPLOY72 BUT TO NO AVAIL4 

,I L+]$ ON ! PLAZA1 *ATT+ ) A FRI5D1 ,BRAD1 :O WAS COMPLA9+ ?AT HE HAD LO/ HIS BACKPACK & MO/ ( HIS WORLDLY GOODS 9 ! POLICE RAID ON ! PUPPET SPACE ?AT MORN+4 ,WE MUN*$ ON APPLES--NONE ( US HAD EAT5 ALL DAY--& WAT*$ AS F\R P]=MANCE >TI/S ON BICYCLES ) PAPI]-MA*E GOAT HEADS1 C>RY+ A LITTLE SIGN SAY+ 

0,GOATS ,) ,A ,VOTE01 BEGAN WAD+ 9TO ! POLICE L9ES TO P]=M AN ACAPELLA RAP SONG4 0,Y\ SEE :AT Y\ CAN DO ) PUPPETS80 LAU<$ ,BRAD4 0,NO ONE ELSE W\LD EV] BE ABLE TO GET AWAY ) ?AT40 

,! ,GOATS1 AS IT TURN$ \T1 W]E JU/ ! FIR/ WAVE4 ,!Y W]E FOLL[$1 T5 M9UTES LAT]1 BY A K9D ( 0PUPPET 9T]V5TION04 ,NOT ) REAL PUPPETS--! PUPPETS HAD ALL BE5 DE/ROY$1 & ! MUSICIANS ALL >RE/$1 AT ! W>EH\SE E>LI] ?AT MORN+4 ,9/EAD1 ! ,REVOLUTION>Y ,AN>*I/ ,CL[N ,BLOC APPE>$2 L$ BY TWO FIGURES ON HI< BICYCLES1 BL[+ HORNS & KAZOOS1 SPREAD+ /REAM]S & CONFETTI EV]Y:]E2 ALONGSIDE A L>GE CONT+5T ( 

',BILLIONAIRES = ,BU% 7OR ,GORE7'1 DRESS$ 9 HI< CAMP TUX$OS & EV5+ G[NS4 ,!RE W]E PROBABLY NOT MORE ?AN ?IRTY OR =TY ( !M 9 ALL BUT BETWE5 !M !Y IMM$IATELY MANAG$ TO *ANGE ! T5OR ( ! :OLE EV5T1 & TO ?R[ EV]Y?+ 9TO CONFUSION4 ,! ,BILLIONAIRES />T$ H&+ FAKE MONEY TO ! POLICE 70TO ?ANK !M = SUPPRESS+ DISS5T407 ! CL[NS ATTACK$ ! ,BILLIONAIRES ) SQUEAKY MALLETS4 ,UNICYCLES APPE>$1 & FIRE JUGGL]S4 ,9 ! 5SU+ CONFUSION1 CRACKS DID APPE> 9 ! POLICE L9ES & JU/ AB\T EV]YONE ON ! ,PLAZA TOOK ADVANTAGE TO =M A W$GE & BUR/ \T & TO SAFETY1 ) ! ,BLACK ,BLOC LEAD+ ! WAY4 

,LET'S CONSID] = A MOM5T ?IS IDEA ( NONVIOL5T W>F>E4 ,H[ MU* ( A METAPHOR IS IT REALLY8 

,ONE C\LD WELL MAKE ! >GUM5T ?AT IT IS NOT A METAPHOR AT ALL4 ,CLAUSEWITZ NOT)/&+1 W> HAS NEV] BE5 A PURE CONTE/ ( =CE ) NO RULES4 ,JU/ AB\T ALL >M$ CONFLICTS HAVE HAD V]Y COMPLEX & DETAIL$ SETS ( MUTUAL UND]/&+S BETWE5 ! W>R+ P>TIES4 ,:5 TOTAL W> DOES OCCUR1 ITS PRACTITION]S--,ATTILA1 ,CORTES--T5D TO BE REMEMB]$ A ?\S& YE>S LAT] = ?IS V]Y REASON4 ,!RE >E ALWAYS RULES4 ,AS ! ,ISRAELI MILIT>Y !ORI/ ,M>T9 ,VAN ,CREVELD OBS]VES1 IF NO?+ ELSE1 9 ANY >M$ CONFLICT !RE WILL NORMALLY BE3 

RULES = P>LAYS & TRUCES 7?IS W\LD 9CLUDE1 = EXAMPLE1 ! SANCTITY ( NEGOTIATORS7 

RULES = H[ TO SURR5D] & H[ CAPTIVES >E TO BE TREAT$ 

RULES = H[ TO ID5TIFY & DEAL ) NONCOMBATANTS 7NORMALLY 9CLUD+ M$ICS7 

RULES = LEVELS & TYPES =CE ALL[ABLE BETWE5 COMBATANTS -- :I* WEAPONS OR TACTICS >E DI%ONORABLE OR ILLEGAL 7I4E41 EV5 :5 ,HITL] & ,/AL9 W]E GO+ AT IT NEI!R TRI$ TO ASSASS9ATE ONE ANO!R OR US$ *EMICAL WEAPONS7.<#c.> 

,VAN ,CREVELD EMPHASIZES ?AT SU* RULES >E ACTUALLY NECESS>Y = ANY EFFECTIVE USE ( =CE1 BECAUSE TO MA9TA9 AN EFFECTIVE >MY1 ONE NE$S TO MA9TA9 A C]TA9 S5SE ( HONOR & DISCIPL9E1 A S5SE ( BE+ ! GOOD GUYS4 ,)\T ! RULES1 9 O!R WORDS1 IT W\LD BE IMPOSSIBLE TO MA9TA9 ANY REAL MORALE OR COMM& /RUCTURE4 ,AN >MY :I* DOES NOT OBEY RULES DEG5]ATES 9TO A M>AUD+ B&1 & FAC$ ) A REAL >MY1 M>AUD+ B&S 9V>IABLY LOSE4 ,VAN ,CREVELD SUGGE/S !RE >E PROBABLY O!R REASONS :Y !RE MU/ BE RULES3 = 9/ANCE1 ?AT VIOL5CE IS SO 9TR9SICALLY FRI<T5+ ?AT HUMANS ALWAYS IMM$IATELY SURR\ND IT ) REGULATION4444 ,BUT ONE ( ! MO/ 9T]E/+4 BECAUSE IT BR+S HOME H[ MU* ! BATTLEFIELD IS AN EXT5SION ( A L>G] POLITICAL FIELD1 IS ?AT1 )\T RULES1 IT IS IMPOSSIBLE TO KN[ :5 Y\ HAVE WON--S9CE ULTIMATELY ONE NE$S TO HAVE BO? SIDES AGREE ON ?IS QUE/ION4 

,N[ CONSID] ! POLICE4 ,POLICE C]TA9LY SEE !MSELVES SOLDI]S ( A SORT4 ,BUT 9S(> AS !Y SEE !MSELVES AS FI<T+ A W> 7! 0W> ON CRIME071 !Y ALSO KN[ !Y >E 9VOLV$ 9 A CONFLICT 9 :I* VICTORY IS BY DEF9ITION IMPOSSIBLE4 

,H[ DOES ?IS AFFECT ! RULES ( 5GAGEM5T8 ,ON ONE LEVEL ! ANSW] IS OBVI\S4 ,:5 IT COMES TO LEVELS ( =CE1 :AT SORT ( WEAPONS OR TACTICS ONE CAN USE 9 :AT CIRCUM/ANCES1 POLICE OP]ATE UND] 5ORM\S CON/RA9TS--F> MORE ?AN ANY >MY4 ,SOME ( !SE CON/RA9TS REMA9 TACIT4 

,O!RS >E QUITE LEGAL & EXPLICIT4 ,C]TA9LY1 EV]Y TIME A POLICEMAN FIRES A GUN1 !RE MU/ BE AN 9VE/IGATION4 ,?IS IS ONE ( ! REASONS = ! 5DLESS ELABORATION ( 0NON-LE?AL0 WEAPONS--TAZ]S1 PLA/IC BULLETS1 PEPP] SPRAY & ! LIKE--= PURPOSES ( CR[D CONTROL3 !Y >E NOT FREI<T$ ) ! SAME RE/RICTIONS4 ,ON ! O!R H&1 :5 POLICE >E 5GAG$ 9 ACTIONS NOT DEEM$ TO 9VOLVE POT5TIALLY LE?AL =CE1 & ?AT >E NOT MEANT TO LEAD TO A SUSPECT'S EV5TUAL CRIM9AL CONVICTION1 !RE >E ALMO/ NO CON/RA9TS ( :AT !Y CAN DO--C]TA9LY NONE ?AT CAN BE 5=C$ 9 ANY WAY4.<#c#a.> 

,SO 9 ! LA/ ( ,VAN ,CREVELD'S CATEGORIES1 !RE >E 5DLESS CON/RA9TS4 ,AS = ! O!R RULES1 ANYONE :O HAS BE5 9VOLV$ 9 DIRECT ACTION CAN TE/IFY TO ! FACT ?AT ! POLICE SY/EMATICALLY VIOLATE ALL ( !M4 ,POLICE REGUL>LY 5GAGE 9 PRACTICES :I*1 9 W>1 W\LD BE CONSID]$ \TRAGE\S1 OR AT ! V]Y LEA/1 UTT]LY DI%ONORABLE4 ,POLICE REGUL>LY >RE/ M$IATORS4 ,IF MEMB]S ( AN AFF9ITY GR\P OCCUPY A BUILD+1 & ONE DOES NOT BUT 9/EAD ACTS AS POLICE LIAISON1 IT MI<T WELL 5D UP ?AT ! LIAISON IS ! ONLY ONE :O IS ACTUALLY >RE/$4 ,IF ONE DOES NEGOTIATE AN AGREEM5T ) ! POLICE1 !Y WILL ALMO/ 9V>IABLY VIOLATE IT4 ,POLICE FREQU5TLY ATTACK OR >RE/ ?OSE !Y HAVE E>LI] (F]$ SAFE PASSAGE4 ,!Y REGUL>LY T>GET M$ICS4 ,IF ?OSE C>RY+ \T AN ACTION 9 ONE P>T ( A CITY TRY TO CREATE 0GRE5 ZONES0 OR SAFE SPACES 9 ANO!R--9 O!R WORDS1 IF !Y TRY TO SET UP AN >EA 9 :I* EV]YONE AGREES NOT TO BREAK ! LAW OR PROVOKE ! AU?ORITIES1 AS A WAY TO DI/+UI% COMBATANTS & NONCOMBATANTS--! POLICE WILL ALMO/ 9V>IABLY ATTACK ! GRE5 ZONE4 

,:Y8 ,!RE >E V>I\S REASONS = ?IS4 ,SOME >E OBVI\SLY PRAGMATIC3 Y\ DON'T HAVE TO COME TO AN UND]/&+ AB\T H[ TO TREAT PRISON]S IF Y\ CAN >RE/ PROTE/]S1 BUT PROTE/]S CAN'T >RE/ Y\4 ,BUT 9 A BROAD] S5SE SU* BEHAVIOR IS A MEANS ( REFUS+ ANY SUGGE/ION ( EQUIVAL5CY--! K9D ?AT W\LD SIMPLY BE ASSUM$ IF FI<T+ ANO!R >MY 9 A CONV5TIONAL W>4 ,POLICE REPRES5T ! /ATE2 ! /ATE HAS A MONOPOLY ( ! LEGITIMATE USE ( VIOL5CE )9 ITS BORD]S2 !RE=E1 )9 ?AT T]RITORY1 POLICE >E BY DEF9ITION 9COMM5SURABLE ) ANYONE ELSE4 ,?IS IS ESS5TIAL TO UND]/&+ :AT POLICE ACTUALLY >E4 ,MANY SOCIOLOGICAL /UDIES HAVE PO9T$ \T ?AT MAYBE #f.0 ( ! AV]AGE POLICE (FIC]'S TIME IS SP5T ON ANY?+ ?AT CAN EV5 REMOTELY BE CONSID]$ 0FI<T+ CRIME04 ,POLICE >E A GR\P ( >M$1 L[]-E*ELON GOV]NM5T ADM9I/RATORS1 TRA9$ 9 ! SCI5TIFIC APPLICATION ( PHYSICAL =CE TO AID 9 ! RESOLUTION ( ADM9I/RATIVE PROBLEMS4 

,!Y >E BUREAUCRATS ) GUNS1 & :E!R !Y >E GU>D+ LO/ *ILDR51 TALK+ R[DY DRUNKS \T ( B>S1 OR SUP]VIS+ FREE CONC]TS 9 ! P>K1 ! ONE COMMON FEATURE ( ! K9D ( SITUATION TO :I* !Y'RE ASSIGN$ IS ! POSSIBILITY ( HAV+ TO IMPOSE 0NON-NEGOTIAT$ SOLUTIONS BACK$ UP BY ! POT5TIAL USE ( =CE04.<#c#b.> ,! KEY T]M H]E ,I ?9K1 IS 0NON-NEGOTIABLE04 ,POLICE DO NOT NEGOTIATE--AT LEA/ :5 IT COMES TO ANY?+ IMPORTANT--BECAUSE ?AT W\LD IMPLY EQUIVAL5CY4 ,:5 !Y >E =C$ TO NEGOTIATE1 !Y PRETTY MU* 9V>IABLY BREAK !IR WORD4.<#c#c.> 

,9 O!R WORDS1 POLICE F9D !MSELVES 9 A P>ADOXICAL POSITION4 ,!IR JOB IS TO EMBODY ! /ATE'S MONOPOLY ON ! USE ( CO]CIVE =CE2 YET !IR FRE$OM TO EMPLOY ?AT =CE IS EXTREMELY LIMIT$4 ,! REFUSAL TO TREAT ! O!R SIDE AS HONORABLE OPPON5TS1 & !RE=E1 AS EQUIVAL5T 9 ANY WAY1 SEEMS TO BE ! ONLY WAY TO MA9TA9 ! PR9CIPLE ( ABSOLUTE 9COMM5SURABILITY ?AT REPRES5TATIVES ( ! /ATE MU/1 BY DEF9ITION1 MA9TA94 ,?IS W\LD APPE> TO BE ! REASON :Y1 :5 RE/RICTIONS ON ! USE ( =CE BY POLICE >E REMOV$1 ! RESULTS >E CATA/ROPHIC4 ,:5EV] Y\ SEE W>S ?AT VIOLATE ALL ! RULES & 9VOLVE HORRIFIC ATROCITIES AGA9/ CIVILIANS1 !Y >E 9V>IABLY FRAM$ AS 0POLICE ACTIONS04 

,OBVI\SLY1 NONE ( ?IS ACTUALLY ANSW]S ! QUE/ION ( H[ RULES ( 5GAGEM5T >E NEGOTIAT$4 ,BUT IT DOES MAKE IT CLE> :Y IT CANNOT BE DONE DIRECTLY4 ,?IS SEEMS P>TICUL>LY TRUE 9 ,AM]ICA2 9 MANY C\NTRIES1 FROM ,ITALY TO ,MADAGASC>1 ! RULES ( CIVIL RESI/ANCE CAN SOMETIMES BE WORK$ QUITE EXPLICITLY1 SO ?AT PROTE/ 5DS UP BECOM+ A K9D ( GAME 9 :I* ! RULES >E CLE>LY UND]/OOD BY EA* SIDE4 ,A GOOD EXAMPLE IS ! FAM\S TUTE BIANCI OR ':ITE OV]ALLS' TACTICS EMPLOY$ 9 ,ITALY BETWE5 #aiii & #b#a1 :]E PROTE/]S W\LD =TIFY !MSELVES ) LAY]S ( PADD+ & 9FLATABLE 9N] TUBES & ! LIKE & RU% ! B>RICADES1 AT ! SAME TIME PL$G+ TO DO NO H>M TO ANO!R HUMAN BE+4 ,P>TICIPANTS (T5 ADMITT$ TO ME ?AT ! RULES W]E1 = ! MO/ P>T1 DIRECTLY NEGOTIAT$3 0Y\ CAN HIT US AS H>D AS Y\ LIKE AS LONG AS Y\ HIT US ON ! PADD+2 WE WON'T HIT Y\ BUT WE'LL TRY TO PL[ ?R\< ! B>RICADES2 LET'S SEE :O W9S60 ,9 FACT MATT]S HAD COME TO SU* A PASS ?AT NEGOTIATION WAS EXPECT$3 BE=E ! ,G#h MEET+S 9 ,G5OA1 :5 ! GOV]NM5T OPT$ = A POLICY ( VIOL5T REPRESSION1 !Y W]E =C$ TO BR+ 9 ! ,L,A,P,D TO TRA9 ,ITALIAN POLICE 9 H[ NOT TO 9T]ACT ) PROTE/]S1 OR ALL[ EI!R SIDE TO BE EFFECTIVELY HUMANIZ$ 9 ! EYES ( ! O!R4.<#c#d.> ,9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES1 H[EV]1 POLICE APPE> TO OBJECT TO SU* NEGOTIATIONS ON PR9CIPLE--UNLESS1 ?AT IS1 PROTE/]S >E ACTUALLY TRY+ TO GET >RE/$1 & >E WILL+ TO NEGOTIATE ! T]MS4 

,/ILL1 IT'S OBVI\S ?AT ON SOME LEVEL1 NEGOTIATION MU/ TAKE PLACE4 ,:AT'S MORE1 :ATEV] LEVEL ?AT IS1 IT IS ! REAL LEVEL ( P[]3 S9CE1 AFT] ALL1 AS ALWAYS 9 POLITICS1 REAL P[] IS NOT ! P[] TO W9 A CONTE/1 BUT ! P[] TO DEF9E ! RULES & /AKES1 NOT ! P[] TO W9 AN >GUM5T1 BUT ! P[] TO DEF9E :AT ! >GUM5T IS AB\T4 ,H]E IT IS CLE> ?AT ! P[] IS NOT ALL ON ONE SIDE4 ,YE>S ( MORAL-POLITICAL /RUGGLE1 ONE MI<T SAY1 HAVE CREAT$ A SITUATION 9 :I* ! POLICE1 G5]ALLY SPEAK+1 HAVE TO ACCEPT EXTREME RE/RICTIONS ON !IR USE ( =CE2 ?IS IS MU* MORE TRUE :5 DEAL+ ) PEOPLE DEF9$ AS 0:ITE01 ( C\RSE1 BUT NONE!LESS IT IS A REAL LIMIT ON !IR ABILITY TO SUPPRESS DISS5T4 ,! PROBLEM = ?OSE D$ICAT$ TO ! PR9CIPLE ( DIRECT ACTION IS ?AT :ILE !SE RULES ( 5GAGEM5T--P>TICUL>LY ! LEVELS ( =CE POLICE >E ALL[$ TO GET AWAY )-->E UND] CON/ANT R5EGOTIATION1 ?IS PROCESS IS EXPECT$ TO TAKE PLACE ?R\< 9/ITUTIONS TO :I* AN>*I/S1 ON PR9CIPLE1 OBJECT4 ,NORMALLY1 ONE IS EXPECT$ TO EMPLOY ! LANGUAGE ( 0RI<TS0 OR 0POLICE BRUTALITY01 TO PURSUE ONE'S CASE ?\< ! C\RTS--) ! HELP ( LIB]AL ,N,G,OS & SYMPA!TIC POLITICIANS--BUT MO/ ( ALL1 ONE IS EXPECT$ TO DO BATTLE 9 0! C\RT ( PUBLIC OP9ION40 ,?IS ( C\RSE MEANS ?R\< ! CORPORATE M$IA1 S9CE 0! PUBLIC0 9 ?IS CONTEXT IS LITTLE MORE ?AN ITS AUDI5CE4 ,( C\RSE = AN AN>*I/1 ! V]Y FACT ?AT HUMAN BE+S >E ORGANIZ$ 9TO A 0PUBLIC01 9TO A COLLECTION ATOMIZ$ SPECTATORS1 IS PRECISELY ! PROBLEM4 ,! SOLUTION = !M IS SELF-ORGANIZATION3 !Y WI% TO SEE ! PUBLIC AB&ON !IR ROLE AS SPECTATORS & ORGANIZE !MSELVES 9TO AN 5DLESS & OV]LAPP+ COLLECTION ( DIRECTLY DEMOCRATIC VOLUNT>Y ASSOCIATIONS & COMMUNITIES4 ,YET ACCORD+ TO ! LANGUAGE NORMALLY EMPLOY$ BY ! M$IA & POLITICAL CLASSES1 ! MOM5T MEMB]S ( ! PUBLIC BEG9 TO DO ?IS1 ! MOM5T !Y SELF-ORGANIZE 9 ANY WAY--SAY1 BY =M+ LABOR UNIONS OR POLITICAL ASSOCIATIONS--!Y >E NO LONG] ! PUBLIC BUT 0SPECIAL 9T]E/ GR\PS0 PRESUM$ BY DEF9ITION TO BE OPPOS$ TO ! PUBLIC 9T]E/4 7,?IS HELPS EXPLA9 :Y EV5 PEACEFUL PROTE/]S AT P]MITT$ EV5TS EXPRESS+ VIEWS %>$ BY OV]:ELM+ MAJORITIES ( ,AM]ICANS1 >E NONE!LESS NEV] DESCRIB$ AS MEMB]S ( 0! PUBLIC407 

,NEGOTIATION1 !N1 IS SUPPOS$ TO TAKE PLACE 9DIRECTLY4 ,EA* SIDE IS SUPPOS$ TO MAKE ITS CASE VIA ! M$IA--MA9LY1 ?R\< PRECISELY ! K9D ( CALCULAT$ SYMBOLIC W>F>E ?AT ! POLICE1 9 ,AM]ICA1 >E WILL+ TO PLAY QUITE AGGRESSIVELY1 BUT ACTIVI/S1 & P>TICUL>LY AN>*I/S1 >E 9CREAS+LY UNWILL+ TO PLAY AT ALL4 ,AN>*I/S & !IR ALLIES >E ABOVE ALL TRY+ TO CIRCUMV5T ?IS GAME4 ,TO SOME DEGREE !Y >E TRY+ TO DO SO BY CREAT+ !IR [N M$IA4 ,TO SOME DEGREE1 !Y >E TRY+ TO DO SO BY US+ ! CORPORATE M$IA TO CONVEY IMAGES ?AT !Y KN[ >E LIKELY TO ALI5ATE MO/ SUBURBAN MIDDLE CLASS VIEW]S1 BUT ?AT !Y HOPE WILL GALVANIZE POT5TIALLY REVOLUTION>Y CON/ITU5CIES3 OPPRESS$ M9ORITIES1 ALI5AT$ ADOLESC5TS1 ! WORK+ POOR4 ,MANY ,BLACK ,BLOC AN>*I/S W]E QUITE DELI<T$1 AFT] ,SEATTLE1 TO SEE ! M$IA 0S5SATIONALIZ+0 PROP]TY DE/RUCTION = ?IS V]Y REASON4 ,TO SOME DEGREE1 TOO1 !Y >E TRY+ TO CIRCUMV5T ! GAME BY TRY+ TO SEIZE ! P[] TO R5EGOTIATE ! T]MS ( 5GAGEM5T ON ! FIELD ( BATTLE4 ,IT'S ! LATT]1 ,I ?9K1 ?AT ! POLICE SEE AS FUNDAM5TALLY UNFAIR4 

,SO ,:Y ,DO ,COPS ,HATE ,PUPPETS8 

,LET'S RETURN1 !N1 TO ! NOTION ( A 0PUPPET 9T]V5TION04 

,9 ,PHILLY1 ON ! EV5+ ( ! #a/1 WE ORGANIZ$ A PRESS CONF]5CE 9 :I* ONE ( ! FEW PUPPETI/AS :O ESCAP$ >RE/ ?AT MORN+ WAS GIV5 C5T] /AGE4 ,DUR+ ! PRESS CONF]5CE & SUBSEQU5T TALKS ) ! M$IA1 WE ALL EMPHASIZ$ ?AT ! PUPPET CREWS W]E1 EFFECTIVELY1 \R PEACEKEEP]S4 ,ONE ( !IR MA9 JOBS WAS TO 9T]V5E TO DEFUZE SITUATIONS ( POT5TIAL VIOL5CE4 ,IF ! POLICE W]E REALLY PRIM>ILY CONC]N$ ) MA9TA9+ PUBLIC ORD]1 AS !Y MA9TA9$1 PEACEKEEP]S SEEM$ A /RANGE *OICE = A PREEMPTIVE /RIKE4 

,BY N[1 IT %\LD BE EASY 5\< TO SEE :Y POLICE MI<T NOT SEE ?+S ?IS WAY4 ,?IS IS NOT TO SAY WE W]E NOT RI<T TO 9SI/ ?AT ! ATTACK ON ! PUPPET W>EH\SE WAS 9SPIR$ BY POLITICAL MOTIVES1 RA!R ?AN A DESIRE TO PROTECT ! PUBLIC4.<#c#e.> ,IT WAS4 ,AS WE'VE SE51 IT APPE>S1 ) ITS WILD CLAIMS ( ACID & EXPLOSIVES1 TO HAVE BE5 P>T ( A CALCULAT$ CAMPAIGN ( SYMBOLIC W>F>E4 ,AT ! SAME TIME1 ! MANN] 9 :I* PUPPETS CAN BE US$ TO DEFUZE SITUATIONS ( POT5TIAL VIOL5CE IS COMPLETELY DIFF]5T ?AN1 SAY1 W\LD BE EMPLOY$ BY PROTE/ M>%ALS4 ,POLICE T5D TO APPRECIATE ! PRES5CE ( M>%ALS1 S9CE M>%ALS >E ORGANIZ$ 9TO A *A9 ( COMM& ?AT POLICE T5D TO IMM$IATELY TO TREAT AS A M]E EXT5SION ( !IR [N--& :I*1 AS A RESULT1 (T5 EFFECTIVELY BECOMES SO4 ,UNLIKE M>%ALS1 PUPPETS CANNOT BE US$ TO CONVEY ORD]S4 ,RA!R1 LIKE ! CL[NS & ,BILLIONAIRES1 !Y AIM TO TRANS=M & R$EF9E SITUATIONS ( POT5TIAL CONFLICT4 

,IT MI<T BE HELPFUL H]E TO REFLECT ON ! NATURE ( ! VIOL5CE--0=CE01 IF Y\ LIKE--?AT POLICE REPRES5T4 ,A =M] ,L,A,P,D (FIC] WRIT+ AB\T ! ,RODNEY ,K+ CASE PO9T$ \T ?AT 9 MO/ ( ! OCCASIONS 9 :I* A CITIZ5 IS SEV]ELY BEAT5 BY POLICE1 IT TURNS \T ?AT ! VICTIM WAS ACTUALLY 9NOC5T ( ANY CRIME4 0,COPS DON'T BEAT UP BURGL>S01 HE OBS]V$4 ,IF Y\ WANT TO CAUSE A POLICEMAN TO BE VIOL5T1 ! SURE/ WAY IS TO *ALL5GE !IR RI<T TO DEF9E ! SITUATION4 ,?IS IS NOT SOME?+ A BURGL> IS LIKELY TO DO4.<#c#f.> ,?IS ( C\RSE MAKES P]FECT S5SE IF WE REMEMB] ?AT POLICE >E1 ESS5TIALLY1 BUREAUCRATS ) GUNS4 ,BUREAUCRATIC PROC$URES >E ALL AB\T QUE/IONS ( DEF9ITION4 ,OR1 TO BE MORE PRECISE1 !Y >E AB\T ! IMPOSITION ( A N>R[ RANGE ( PRE-E/ABLI%$ S*EMA TO A SOCIAL REALITY ?AT IS1 USUALLY1 9F9ITELY MORE COMPLEX3 A CR[D CAN BE EI!R ORD]LY OR DISORD]LY2 A CITIZ5 CAN BE :ITE1 BLACK1 ,HISPANIC1 OR AN ,ASIAN_/ ,PACIFIC ,ISL&]2 A PETITION] IS OR IS NOT 9 POSSESSION ( A VALID PHOTO ,I,D4 ,SU* SIMPLI/IC RUBRICS CAN ONLY BE MA9TA9$ 9 ! ABS5CE ( DIALOGUE2 H5CE1 ! QU9TESS5TIAL =M ( BUREAUCRATIC VIOL5CE IS ! WIELD+ ( ! TRUN*EON :5 SOMEBODY 0TALKS BACK04 

,I BEGAN BY SAY+ ?AT ?IS WAS TO BE AN ESSAY ( 9T]PRETATION4 ,9 FACT1 IT HAS BE5 JU/ AS MU* AN ESSAY AB\T FRU/RAT$ 9T]PRETATION2 AB\T ! LIMITS ( 9T]PRETATION4 ,ULTIMATELY1 ,I ?9K ?IS FRU/RATION CAN BE TRAC$ BACK TO ! V]Y NATURE ( VIOL5CE--BUREAUCRATIC OR O!RWISE4 ,VIOL5CE IS 9 FACT UNIQUE AMONG =MS ( HUMAN ACTION 9 ?AT IT HOLDS \T ! POSSIBILITY ( AFFECT+ ! ACTIONS ( O!RS AB\T :OM ONE UND]/&S NO?+4 ,IF ONE WANTS TO AFFECT ANO!R'S ACTIONS 9 ANY O!R WAY1 ONE MU/ AT LEA/ HAVE SOME IDEA :O !Y ?9K !Y >E1 :AT !Y WANT1 :AT !Y ?9K IS GO+ ON4 

,9T]PRETATION IS REQUIR$1 & ?AT REQUIRES A C]TA9 DEGREE ( IMAG9ATIVE ID5TIFICATION4 ,HIT SOMEONE OV] ! HEAD H>D 5\<1 ALL ?IS BECOMES IRRELEVANT4 ,OBVI\SLY1 TWO P>TIES LOCK$ 9 AN EQUAL CONTE/ ( VIOL5CE W\LD USUALLY DO WELL TO GET 9SIDE EA* O!R'S HEADS1 BUT :5 ACCESS TO VIOL5CE BECOMES EXTREMELY UNEQUAL1 ! NE$ VANI%ES4 ,?IS IS TYPICALLY ! CASE 9 SITUATIONS ( /RUCTURAL VIOL5CE3 ( SY/EMIC 9EQUALITY ?AT IS ULTIMATELY BACK$ UP BY ! ?REAT ( =CE4 ,/RUCTURAL VIOL5CE ALWAYS SEEMS TO CREATE EXTREMELY LOPSID$ /RUCTURES ( IMAG9ATION4 ,G5D] IS ACTUALLY A TELL+ EXAMPLE H]E4 ,WOM5 ALMO/ EV]Y:]E KN[ A GREAT DEAL AB\T M5'S WORK1 M5'S LIVES1 & MALE EXP]I5CE2 M5 >E ALMO/ ALWAYS NOT ONLY IGNORANT AB\T WOM5'S LIVES1 !Y (T5 REACT ) 9DIGNATION AT ! IDEA !Y %\LD EV5 TRY TO IMAG9E :AT BE+ A WOMAN MI<T BE LIKE4 ,! SAME IS TYPICALLY ! CASE 9 MO/ RELATIONS ( CLE> SUBORD9ATION3 MA/]S & S]VANTS1 EMPLOY]S & EMPLOYES1 RI* & POOR4 ,! VICTIMS ( /RUCTURAL VIOL5CE 9V>IABLY 5D UP SP5D+ A GREAT DEAL ( TIME IMAG9+ :AT IT IS LIKE = ?OSE :O B5EFIT FROM IT2 ! OPPOSITE R>ELY OCCURS4 ,ONE CONCOMITANT IS ?AT ! VICTIMS (T5 5D UP ID5TIFY+ )1 & C>+ AB\T1 ! B5EFICI>IES ( /RUCTURAL VIOL5CE--:I*1 NEXT TO ! VIOL5CE ITSELF1 IS PROBABLY ONE ( ! MO/ P[]FUL =CES GU>ANTEE+ ! P]PETUATION ( SY/EMS ( 9EQUALITY4 ,ANO!R IS ?AT VIOL5CE1 AS WE'VE SE51 ALL[S ! POSSIBILITY ( CUTT+ ?R\< ! SUBTLETIES ( CON/ANT MUTUAL 9T]PRETATION ON :I* ORD9>Y HUMAN RELATIONS >E BAS$4 

,! DETAILS ( ?IS PLAY ( IMAG9ATION AGA9/ /RUCTURAL VIOL5CE >E 5DLESSLY COMPLICAT$ & ?IS IS H>DLY ! PLACE TO WORK \T ! FULL !ORETICAL RAMIFICATIONS4 ,= N[ ,I ONLY WANT TO EMPHASIZE TWO CRUCIAL PO9TS4 

,! FIR/ IS ?AT ! L9E ( RIOT POLICE IS PRECISELY ! PO9T :]E /RUCTURAL VIOL5CE TURNS 9TO ! REAL ?+4 ,!RE=E1 IT FUNCTIONS AS A K9D ( WALL AGA9/ IMAG9ATIVE ID5TIFICATION4 ,NONVIOL5CE TRA9+ ACTUALLY FOCUSES ON TRY+ TO BREAK ! B>RI] & TEA* ACTIVI/S H[ TO CON/ANTLY BE> 9 M9D :AT ! COPS >E LIKELY TO BE ?9K+1 BUT EV5 H]E1 WE >E USUALLY DEAL+ ) ?\<T ON ITS MO/ ELEM5TAL1 ANIMALI/IC LEVEL 70A POLICEMAN WILL PANIC IF HE FEELS HE IS CORN]$01 0NEV] DO ANY?+ ?AT HE MI<T 9T]PRET AS REA*+ T[>DS ! GUN04447 ,= MO/ AN>*I/S1 ! EXI/5CE ( ! IMAG9ATIVE WALL IS 9T5SELY FRU/RAT+1 BECAUSE AN>*I/ MORALITY IS BAS$ ON A MORAL IMP]ATIVE T[>DS IMAG9ATIVE ID5TIFICATION4.<#c#g.> ,ON MANY OCCASIONS1 ,I HAVE SE5 LEGAL TRA9]S HAV+ TO REM9D ACTIVI/S ?AT1 :ATEV] !IR 9CL9ATIONS1 ONE %\LD NOT 5GAGE 9 CONV]SATION ) ONE'S >RE/+ (FIC]1 NO MATT] H[ APP>5TLY OP5 OR 9T]E/$ !Y SEEM TO BE1 BECAUSE *ANCES >E !Y >E SIMPLY FI%+ = 9=MATION :I* WILL HELP 9 A CONVICTION4 ,& DUR+ ! ACTIONS !MSELVES1 ONE T5DS TO HE> 5DLESS DISMAY$ SPECULATION AB\T :AT ! COPS MU/ BE ?9K+ AS !Y TRUN*EON OR TE> GAS NONVIOL5T CITIZ5S2 CONV]SATIONS :I* MAKE CLE>1 ABOVE ALL ELSE1 ?AT REALLY1 NO ONE HAS ! SLI<TE/ IDEA4 ,BUT ?IS IS PRECISELY ! POLICE ROLE4 ,! PO9T ( MILIT>Y-/YLE DISCIPL9E IS TO MAKE ANY 9DIVIDUAL (FIC]'S ACTUAL FEEL+S OR OP9IONS NOT JU/ IMP5ETRABLE1 BUT 5TIRELY IRRELEVANT4 

,OBVI\SLY NO WALL IS COMPLETELY IMP5ETRABLE4 ,GIV5 SUFFICI5T PRESSURE1 ANY WILL EV5TUALLY BEG9 TO CRUMBLE4 ,MO/ ( ?OSE :O HELP TO ORGANIZE MASS ACTIONS >E KE5LY AW>E ?AT HI/ORICALLY1 :5 AN>*I/S ACTUALLY W91 :5 CIVIL RESI/ANCE CAMPAIGNS ( ANY SORT TOPPLE GOV]NM5TS1 IT IS USUALLY AT ! PO9T :5 ! POLICE REFUSE TO FIRE ON !M4 ,?IS IS ONE REASON :Y ! IMAGE ( POLICE (FIC]S CRY+ BEH9D !IR GASMASKS 9 ,SEATTLE WAS SO IMPORTANT TO !M4 ,SECURITY (FICIALS SEEM TO UND]/& ?IS PR9CIPLE AS WELL4 ,?AT'S :Y !Y SP5T SO MU* 5]GY1 9 ! MON?S AFT] ,SEATTLE1 9 TRY+ TO RALLY !IR TROOPS4 

,SO ?IS IS ! FIR/ PO9T3 ! IMAG9ATIVE WALL4 

,! SECOND PO9T IS ?AT ?IS JUXTAPOSITION ( IMAG9ATION & VIOL5CE REFLECTS A MU* L>G] CONFLICT BETWE5 TWO PR9CIPLES ( POLITICAL ACTION4 ,ONE MI<T EV5 SAY1 BETWE5 TWO CONCEPTIONS ( POLITICAL REALITY4 ,! FIR/--CALL IT A 0POLITICAL ONTOLOGY ( VIOL5CE0--ASSUMES ?AT ! ULTIMATE REALITY IS ONE ( =CES1 ) 0=CE0 H]E L>GELY A EUPHEMISM = V>I\S TE*NOLOGIES ( PHYSICAL CO]CION4 

,TO BE A 0REALI/0 9 9T]NATIONAL RELATIONS1 = EXAMPLE1 HAS NO?+ TO DO ) RECOGNIZ+ MAT]IAL REALITIES--9 FACT1 IT IS ALL AB\T ATTRIBUT+ 09T]E/S0 TO IMAG9>Y 5TITIES KN[N AS 0NATIONS0--BUT AB\T WILL+NESS TO ACCEPT ! REALITIES ( VIOL5CE4 ,NATION-/ATES >E REAL BECAUSE !Y CAN KILL Y\4 

,VIOL5CE H]E REALLY IS :AT DEF9ES SITUATIONS4 ,! O!R C\LD BE DESCRIB$ AS A POLITICAL ONTOLOGY ( ! IMAG9ATION4 ,IT'S NOT SO MU* A MATT] ( GIV+ 0P[] TO ! IMAG9ATION0 AS 9 RECOGNIZ+ ?AT ! IMAG9ATION IS ! S\RCE ( P[] 9 ! FIR/ PLACE 7& H]E WE MI<T TAKE NOTE ( ! FACT ?AT NEXT TO ! ,SITUATIONI/S1 ! ,FR5* !ORI/ ONE WILL 5C\NT] ! MO/ (T5 9 AN>*I/ BOOK/ORES IS ,CORNELIUS ,CA/ORIADIS74.<#c#h.> ,?IS IS :Y IMAG9ATIVE P[]S >E SE5 AS SUFFUS$ ) ! SACR$4 ,:AT AN>*I/S REGUL>LY TRY TO DO IS TO LEVEL A SY/EMATIC & CONT9UAL *ALL5GE TO ! RI<T ( ! POLICE1 & ! AU?ORITIES 9 G5]AL1 TO DEF9E ! SITUATION4 ,!Y DO IT BY PROPOS+ 5DLESS ALT]NATIVE FRAMEWORKS--OR1 MORE PRECISELY1 BY 9SI/+ ON ! P[] TO SWIT* FRAMEWORKS :5EV] !Y LIKE4 

,PUPPETS >E ! V]Y EMBODIM5T ( ?IS P[]4 

,:AT ?IS MEANS 9 ! /REETS IS ?AT ACTIVI/S >E TRY+ TO EFFECTIVELY COLLAPSE ! POLITICAL1 NEGOTIAT+ PROCESS 9TO ! /RUCTURE ( ! ACTION ITSELF4 ,TO W9 ! CONTE/1 AS IT W]E1 BY CONT9UALLY *ANG+ ! DEF9ITION ( :AT IS ! FIELD1 :AT >E ! RULES1 :AT >E ! /AKES--& TO DO SO ON ! FIELD ITSELF4.<#c#i.> ,A SITUATION ?AT IS SORT ( LIKE NONVIOL5T W>F>E BECOMES A SITUATION ?AT IS SORT ( LIKE A CIRCUS1 OR A !ATRICAL P]=MANCE1 OR A RELIGI\S RITUAL1 & MI<T EQUALLY WELL SLIP BACK AT ANY TIME4 

,( C\RSE FROM ! PO9T ( VIEW ( ! POLICE1 ?IS IS SIMPLY *EAT+4 ,PROTE/]S :O ALT]NATE BETWE5 ?R[+ PA9T BALLS OV] !IR HEADS1 & BREAK+ 9TO SONG-&-DANCE NUMB]S1 >E NOT FI<T+ FAIR4 ,BUT ( C\RSE AS WE'VE SE5 ! POLICE >5'T FI<T+ FAIR EI!R4 ,!Y SY/EMATICALLY VIOLATE ALL ! LAWS ( COMBAT4 ,!Y SY/EMATICALLY VIOLATE AGREEM5TS4 ,!Y HAVE TO1 AS A MATT] ( PR9CIPLE1 S9CE TO DO O!RWISE W\LD BE TO ADMIT ! EXI/5CE ( A SITUATION ( DUAL P[]2 IT W\LD BE TO D5Y ! ABSOLUTE 9COMM5SURABILITY ( ! /ATE4 

,9 A WAY1 :AT WE >E CONFRONT+ H]E IS ! FAMILI> P>ADOX ( CON/ITU5T P[]4 ,AS V>I\S ,G]MAN & ,ITALIAN !ORI/S >E FOND ( REM9D+ US1 S9CE NO SY/EM CAN CREATE ITSELF 7I4E41 ANY ,GOD CAPABLE ( 9/ITUT+ A MORAL ORD] CANNOT BE B\ND BY ?AT MORALITY44471 ANY LEGAL_/POLITICAL ORD] CAN ONLY BE CREAT$ BY SOME =CE TO :I* ?AT LEGALITY DOES NOT APPLY4.<#d.> ,9 MOD]N ,EURO-,AM]ICAN HI/ORY1 ?IS HAS MEANT ?AT ! LEGITIMACY ( CON/ITUTIONS ULTIMATELY H>K5S BACK TO SOME K9D ( POPUL> REVOLUTION3 AT PRECISELY ! PO9T1 9 MY T]MS1 :]E ! POLITICS ( =CE DOES MEET ! POLITICS ( IMAG9ATION4 ,N[ ( C\RSE REVOLUTION IS PRECISELY :AT ! PEOPLE ) ! PUPPETS FEEL !Y >E ULTIMATELY AB\T--EV5 IF !Y >E TRY+ TO DO SO ) AN ABSOLUTE M9IMUM ( ACTUAL VIOL5CE4 ,BUT IT SEEMS TO ME ?AT :AT REALLY PROVOKES ! MO/ VIOL5T REACTIONS ON ! P>T ( ! =CES ( ORD] IS PRECISELY ! ATTEMPT TO MAKE CON/ITU5T P[]--! P[] ( POPUL> IMAG9ATION TO CREATE NEW 9/ITUTIONAL =MS--PRES5T NOT JU/ 9 BRIEF FLA%ES1 BUT CONT9UALLY4 ,TO P]MAN5TLY *ALL5GE ! AU?ORITIES' ABILITY TO DEF9E ! SITUATION4 ,! 9SI/5CE ?AT ! RULES ( 5GAGEM5T1 AS IT W]E1 CAN BE CON/ANTLY R5EGOTIAT$ ON ! FIELD ( BATTLE2 ?AT Y\ CAN CON/ANTLY *ANGE ! N>RATIVE 9 ! MIDDLE ( ! /ORY2 IS 9 ?IS LI<T1 JU/ ONE ASPECT ( A MU* L>G] PH5OM5ON4 ,IT ALSO EXPLA9S :Y AN>*I/S HATE TO ?9K ( !MSELVES AS HAV+ TO RELY 9 ANY WAY ON ! GOOD (FICES ( EV5 WELL-MEAN+ CORPORATE M$IA OR LIB]AL ,N,G,O GR\PS1 EV51 ! FREQU5T HO/ILITY TO W\LD-BE B5EFACTORS1 :O NONE!LESS DEM&1 AS A PR]EQUISITE TO !IR HELP1 ! RI<T TO PLACE AN>*I/S )9 !IR [N PRE-SET N>RATIVE FRAMEWORKS4 ,DIRECT ACTION IS1 BY DEF9ITION1 UNM$IAT$4 ,IT IS AB\T CUTT+ ?R\< ALL SU* FRAMEWORKS & BR++ ! P[] ( DEF9ITION 9TO ! /REETS4 ,OBVI\SLY1 UND] ORD9>Y CONDITIONS--?AT IS1 \TSIDE ( ?OSE MAGICAL MOM5TS :5 ! POLICE ACTUALLY DO REFUSE TO FIRE--!RE IS ONLY A V]Y LIMIT$ DEGREE TO :I* ONE CAN ACTUALLY DO ?IS4 ,9 ! MEANTIME1 MORAL-POLITICAL /RUGGLE 9 ! 0C\RTS ( PUBLIC OP9ION0-AS WELL ( ! C\RTS ( LAW--W\LD SEEM UNAVOIDABLE4 ,SOME AN>*I/S D5Y ?IS4 ,O!RS GRUDG+LY ACCEPT IT4 ,ALL CL+ TO DIRECT ACTION AS ! ULTIMATE IDEAL4 

,?IS ,I ?9K MAKES IT EASI] TO SEE :Y GIANT PUPPETS1 ?AT >E SO EXTRAORD9>ILY CREATIVE BUT AT ! SAME TIME SO 9T5TIONALLY EPHEM]AL1 ?AT MAKE A MOCK]Y ( ! V]Y IDEA ( ! ET]NAL V]ITIES ?AT MONUM5TS >E MEANT TO REPRES5T1 CAN SO EASILY BECOME ! SYMBOL ( ?IS ATTEMPT TO SEIZE ! P[] ( SOCIAL CREATIVITY.<#d#a.>1 ! P[] TO RECREATE & R$EF9E 9/ITUTIONS4 ,:Y1 AS A RESULT1 !Y CAN 5D UP /&+ 9 = EV]Y?+--! NEW =MS ( ORGANIZATION1 ! EMPHASIS ON DEMOCRATIC PROCESS 

--?AT /&>D M$IA PORTRAYALS ( ! MOVEM5T MAKE TO DISAPPE>4 ,!Y EMBODY ! P]MAN5CE ( REVOLUTION4 ,FROM ! P]SPECTIVE ( ! 0=CES ( ORD]01 ?IS IS PRECISELY :AT MAKES !M BO? RIDICUL\S1 & SOMEH[ DEMONIC4 ,FROM ! P]SPECTIVE ( MANY AN>*I/S1 ?IS IS PRECISELY :AT MAKES !M BO? RIDICUL\S1 & SOMEH[ DIV9E4.<#d#b.> 

,SOME ,V]Y ,T5U\S ,CONCLUSIONS 

,?IS ESSAY ?US 5DS :]E IT %\LD P]HAPS HAVE BEGUN1 ) ! NE$ TO ?OR\<LY RE?9K ! IDEA ( 0REVOLUTION04 ,:ILE MO/ ( ?OSE 5GAG$ ) ! POLITICS ( DIRECT ACTION ?9K ( !MSELVES AS1 9 SOME S5SE1 REVOLUTION>IES1 FEW1 AT ?IS PO9T1 >E OP]AT+ )9 ! CLASSIC REVOLUTION>Y FRAMEWORK :]E REVOLUTION>Y ORGANIZ+ IS DESIGN$ TO BUILD T[>DS A VIOL5T1 APOCALYPTIC CONFRONTATION ) ! /ATE4 ,EV5 FEW] SEE REVOLUTION AS A MATT] ( SEIZ+ /ATE P[] & TRANS=M+ SOCIETY ?R\< ITS ME*ANISMS4 ,ON ! O!R H&1 NEI!R >E !Y SIMPLY 9T]E/$ 9 A /RATEGY ( 05GAG$ )DRAWAL0 7AS 9 ,VIRNO'S 0REVOLUTION>Y EXODUS071 & ! F\ND+ ( NEW1 AUTONOM\S COMMUNITIES4.<#d#c.> ,9 A WAY1 ONE MI<T SAY ! POLITICS ( DIRECT ACTION1 BY TRY+ TO CREATE ALT]NATIVE =MS ( ORGANIZATION 9 ! V]Y TEE? ( /ATE P[]1 MEANS TO EXPLORE A MIDDLE GR\ND PRECISELY BETWE5 !SE TWO ALT]NATIVES4 ,ANYWAY1 WE >E DEAL+ ) A NEW SYN!SIS ?AT1 ,I ?9K1 IS NOT YET 5TIRELY WORK$ \T4 

,IF NO?+ ELSE1 SOME ( ! !ORETICAL FRAMEWORKS PROPOS$ 9 ?IS ESSAY PROVIDE AN 9T]E/+ VANTAGE ON ! CURR5T HI/ORICAL MOM5T4 ,CONSID] H]E ! NOTION ( 0! W> ON T]ROR04 ,MANY HAVE SPOK5 ) SOME DISMAY ( ! NOTION ( P]MAN5T W> ?AT SEEMS TO BE ,SIMPLI$4 ,9 FACT1 :ILE ! TW5TIE? C5TURY C\LD BE DESCRIB$ AS ONE ( P]MAN5T W>--ALMO/ ! 5TIRE P]IOD BETWE5 #aiad & #aiia WAS SP5T EI!R FI<T+ OR PREP>+ = WORLD W>S ( ONE K9D OR ANO!R--IT IS NOT AT ALL CLE> :E!R ! TW5TY-FIR/ C\LD BE DESCRIB$ 9 ! SAME T]MS4 ,IT MI<T BE BETT] TO SAY ?AT :AT ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES IS ATTEMPT+ TO IMPOSE ON ! WORLD IS NOT REALLY A W> AT ALL4 ,IT HAS ( C\RSE BECOME A TRUISM ?AT AS NUCLE> WEAPONS PROLIF]ATE1 DECL>$ W>S BETWE5 /ATES NO LONG] OCCUR1 & ALL CONFLICTS COME TO BE FRAM$ AS 0POLICE ACTIONS04 ,/ILL1 IT IS ALSO CRITICAL TO BE> 9 M9D ?AT POLICE ACTIONS HAVE !IR [N1 V]Y DI/9CTIVE1 QUALITIES4 ,POLICE SEE !MSELVES AS 5GAG$ 9 A W> L>GELY )\T RULES1 AGA9/ AN OPPON5T )\T HONOR1 T[>DS :OM ONE IS !RE=E NOT OBLIG$ TO ACT HONORABLY1 BUT 9 :I* VICTORY IS ULTIMATELY IMPOSSIBLE4 

,/ATES HAVE A /RONG T5D5CY TO DEF9E !IR RELATION TO !IR PEOPLE 9 T]MS ( AN UNW9NABLE W> ( SOME SORT OR ANO!R4 ,! ,AM]ICAN /ATE HAS BE5 ONE ( ! MO/ FLAGRANT 9 ?IS REG>D3 9 REC5T DECADES WE HAVE SE5 A W> ON POV]TY DEG5]ATE 9TO A W> ON CRIME1 !N A W> ON DRUGS 7! FIR/ TO BE EXT5D$ 9T]NATIONALLY71 & F9ALLY1 N[1 A W> ON T]ROR4 ,BUT AS ?IS SEQU5CE MAKES CLE>1 ! LATT] IS NOT REALLY A W> AT ALL BUT AN ATTEMPT TO EXT5D ?IS SAME1 9T]NAL LOGIC TO ! 5TIRE GLOBE4 ,IT IS AN ATTEMPT TO DECL>E A K9D ( DIFFUSE GLOBAL POLICE /ATE4 ,9 ! F9AL ANALYSIS1 ,I SUSPECT ! PANIC REACTION ON ! P>T ( ! /ATE WAS REALLY MORE A REACTION TO ! SUCCESS ( AN ONGO+1 IF SUBTLE1 GLOBAL ANTI-CAPITALI/ UPRIS+ ?AN TO ! ?REAT ( ,OSAMA B9 ,LAD5--?\< ! LATT] C]TA9LY PROVID$ ! ULTIMATE CONV5I5T EXCUSE--IT'S JU/ ?AT ON A GLOBAL SCALE AS WELL1 MORAL-POLITICAL /RUGGLE HAS CREAT$ RULES ( 5GAGEM5T :I* MAKE IT V]Y DIFFICULT = ! ,U4,S4 TO /RIKE \T DIRECTLY AT ?OSE AGA9/ :OM IT W\LD MO/ LIKE TO /RIKE \T4.<#d#d.> 

,TO PUT IT SOME:AT GLIBLY3 JU/ AS ! /RUCTURE ( VIOL5CE MO/ APPROPRIATE = A POLITICAL ONTOLOGY BAS$ 9 ! IMAG9ATION IS REVOLUTION1 SO IS ! /RUCTURE ( IMAG9ATION MO/ APPROPRIATE = A POLITICAL ONTOLOGY BAS$ 9 VIOL5CE1 PRECISELY1 T]ROR4 ,ONE MI<T ADD ?AT ! ,BU%ES & ,B9 ,LAD5S >E WORK+ QUITE 9 T&EM 9 ?IS REG>D 7IT IS SIGNIFICANT1 ,I ?9K1 ?AT IF ,AL ,QAIDA DOES H>BOR SOME GIGANTIC UTOPIAN VISION--A REUNIFICATION ( ! OLD ,ISLAMIC ,9DIAN ,OCEAN ,DIASPORA8 A RE/ORATION ( ! ,CALIPHATE8--!Y HAV5'T TOLD US MU* AB\T IT47 

,/ILL1 ?IS IS NO D\BT A BIT SIMPLI/IC4 ,TO UND]/& ! ,AM]ICAN REGIME AS A GLOBAL /RUCTURE1 & AT ! SAME TIME TO UND]/& ITS CONTRADICTIONS1 ,I ?9K ONE MU/ RETURN TO ! COSMOLOGICAL ROLE ( ! POLICE 9 ,AM]ICAN CULTURE4 ,IT IS A PECULI> *>ACT]I/IC ( LIFE 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES ?AT MO/ ,AM]ICAN CITIZ5S1 :O OV] ! C\RSE ( ! DAY CAN NORMALLY BE EXPECT$ TO TRY TO AVOID ANY CIRCUM/ANCE ?AT MI<T LEAD !M TO HAVE TO DEAL ) POLICE OR POLICE AFFAIRS1 CAN ALSO NORMALLY BE EXPECT$ TO GO HOME & SP5D H\RS WAT*+ DRAMAS ?AT 9VITE !M TO SEE ! WORLD FROM A POLICEMAN'S PO9T ( VIEW4 ,?IS WAS NOT ALWAYS SO4 ,IT'S ACTUALLY QUITE DIFFICULT TO ID5TIFY AN ,AM]ICAN MOVIE FROM BE=E ! #a#i#fS :]E A POLICEMAN WAS A SYMPA!TIC H]O4 ,OV] ! C\RSE ( ! '#fS1 H[EV]1 POLICE ABRUPTLY TOOK ! PLACE PREVI\SLY HELD BY C[BOYS 9 ,AM]ICAN 5T]TA9M5T4.<#d#e.> ,! TIM+ SEEMS H>DLY 9SIGNIFICANT4 ,NEI!R DOES ! FACT ?AT BY N[1 C9EMATIC & ,T,V IMAGES ( ,AM]ICAN POLICE >E BE+ REL5TLESSLY EXPORT$ TO EV]Y CORN] ( ! WORLD1 AT ! SAME TIME AS !IR FLE% & BLOOD EQUIVAL5TS4 ,:AT ,I W\LD EMPHASIZE H]E ?\< IS ?AT BO? >E *>ACT]IZ$ BY AN EXTRA-LEGAL IMPUNITY :I*1 P>ADOXICALLY1 MAKES !M ABLE TO EMBODY A K9D ( CON/ITU5T P[] TURN$ AGA9/ ITSELF4 ,! ,HOLLYWOOD COP1 LIKE ! C[BOY1 IS A LONE MAV]ICK :O BREAKS ALL ! RULES 7?IS IS P]MISSIBLE1 EV5 NECESS>Y1 S9CE HE IS ALWAYS DEAL+ ) DI%ONORABLE OPPON5TS74 ,9 FACT1 IT IS USUALLY PRECISELY ! MAV]ICK COP :O 5GAGES 9 ! 5DLESS PROP]TY DE/RUCTION ?AT PROVIDES SO MU* ( ! PLEASURE ( ,HOLLYWOOD ACTION FILMS4 ,9 O!R WORDS1 POLICE CAN BE H]OES 9 SU* MOVIES L>GELY BECAUSE !Y >E ! ONLY FIGURES :O CAN SY/EMATICALLY IGNORE ! LAW4 ,IT IS CON/ITU5T P[] TURN$ ON ITSELF ( C\RSE BECAUSE COPS1 ON SCRE5 OR 9 REALITY1 >E NOT TRY+ TO CREATE 7OR CON/ITUTE7 ANY?+4 ,!Y >E SIMPLY MA9TA9+ ! /ATUS QUO4 

,! MOM5T COP MOVIES ROSE TO PROM95CE1 C[BOY MOVIES EFFECTIVELY DISAPPE>$4 

,9 ONE S5SE1 ?IS IS ! MO/ CLEV] IDEOLOGICAL DISPLACEM5T ( ALL--! P]FECT COMPLEM5T TO ! A=EM5TION$ PRIVATIZATION ( 7CONSUM]7 DESIRE4 ,9S(> AS ! POPUL> FE/IVAL 5DURES1 IT HAS BECOME PURE SPECTACLE1 ) ! ROLE ( ,MA/] ( ! ,POTLAT* GRANT$ TO ! V]Y FIGURE :O1 9 REAL LIFE1 IS 9 *>GE ( 5SUR+ ?AT ANY ACTUAL \TBREAKS ( POPUL> FE/IVE BEHAVIOR >E =CIBLY SUPPRESS$4 

,LIKE ANY IDEOLOGICAL =MULA1 H[EV]1 ?IS ONE IS EXTRAORD9>ILY UN/ABLE1 RIDDL$ ) CONTRADICTIONS--AS ! 9ITIAL DIFFICULTIES ( ! ,U,S POLICE 9 SUPPRESS+ ! GLOBALIZATION MOVEM5T SO VIVIDLY ATTE/4 ,IT SEEMS TO ME IT IS BE/ SE5 AS A WAY ( MANAG+ A SITUATION ( EXTREME ALI5ATION & 9SECURITY ?AT ITSELF CAN ONLY BE MA9TA9$ BY SY/EMATIC CO]CION4 ,FAC$ ) ANY?+ ?AT REMOTELY RESEMBLES CREATIVE1 NON-ALI5AT$1 EXP]I5CE1 IT T5DS TO LOOK AS RIDICUL\S AS A DEODORANT COMM]CIAL DUR+ A TIME ( NATIONAL DISA/]4 ,BUT !N1 ,I AM AN AN>*I/4 ,! AN>*I/ PROBLEM REMA9S H[ TO BR+ ?AT SORT ( EXP]I5CE1 & ! IMAG9ATIVE P[] ?AT LIES BEH9D IT1 9TO ! DAILY LIVES ( ?OSE \TSIDE ! SMALL AUTONOM\S BUBBLES !Y HAVE ALREADY CREAT$4 ,?IS IS A CONT9UAL PROBLEM2 BUT !RE SEEMS TO ME EV]Y REASON TO BELIEVE ?AT1 W]E IT POSSIBLE1 P[] ( ! POLICE COSMOLOGY1 & ) IT1 ! P[] ( ! POLICE !MSELVES1 W\LD SIMPLY MELT AWAY4 

.<#a.> ,I'M ADOPT+ H]E ! NAME MO/ COMMONLY EMPLOY$ BY P>TICIPANTS 9 ,NOR? ,AM]ICA4 ,MO/ FIRMLY REJECT ! T]M 0ANTI-GLOBALIZATION04 ,I HAVE 9 ! PA/ PROPOS$ SIMPLY 0GLOBALIZATION MOVEM5T01 BUT SOME F9D ?IS CONFUS+4 ,9 ,EUROPE1 ! T]MS 0ALT]NATIVE-0 OR 0ALT]-GLOBALIZATION0 >E (T5 US$1 BUT !SE HAVE YET TO BE WIDELY ADOPT$ 9 ! ,U,S4 

.<#b.> ,OBVI\SLY1 ?IS ASSUMES ?AT ! GR\PS 9 QUE/ION >E BROADLY ON ! SAME PAGE2 IF A GR\P W]E OV]TLY RACI/ OR SEXI/ NO ONE W\LD ASK AB\T !IR 9T]NAL DECISION-MAK+ PROCESS4 ,! PO9T IS ?AT QUE/IONS ( PROCESS >E F> MORE IMPORTANT ?AN ! K9D ( SECT>IAN AFFILIATIONS ?AT HAD SO DOM9AT$ RADICAL POLITICS 9 ! PA/3 I4E41 ,AN>*O-,SYNDICALI/S V]SUS ,SOCIAL ,ECOLOGI/S1 OR ,PLAT=MI/S1 ETC4 ,SOMETIMES !SE FACTORS DO 5T] 94 ,BUT EV5 !N1 ! OBJECTIONS >E LIKELY TO BE RAIS$ 9 PROCESS T]MS4 

.<#c.> ,?AT POLICY CAN BE SUMM$ UP BY ! ,NEW ,YORK ,TIMES' S5IOR NEWS $ITOR1 ,BILL ,BORD]S1 :O1 :5 *ALL5G$ BY ,F,A,I,R1 A M$IA WAT*DOG GR\P1 TO EXPLA9 :Y ! ,TIMES PROVID$ ALMO/ NO COV]AGE TO #b 9AUGURATION PROTE/S 7! SECOND L>GE/ 9AUGURAL PROTE/S 9 ,AM]ICAN HI/ORY71 REPLI$ ?AT !Y DID NOT CONSID] ! PROTE/S !MSELVES TO BE A NEWS /ORY1 BUT 0A /AG$ EV5T01 0DESIGN$ TO BE COV]$01 & !RE=E NOT G5U9E NEWS 70,A,C,T,I,V,I,S,M ,U,P,D,A,T,E3 ,NEW ,YORK ,TIMES ,RESPONDS ON ,9AUGURATION ,CRITICISM03 NEWS RELEASE1 7,FEBRU>Y #b#b1 #b#a71 ,FAIRNESS & ,ACCURACY 9 ,REPORT+ 7,F,A,I,R747 ,F,A,I,R REPLI$ BY ASK+ 9 :AT S5SE ! 9AUGURAL P>ADE ITSELF WAS ANY DIFF]5T4 

.<#d.> ,ONE EFFECT ( ! PECULI> DEF9ITION ( VIOL5CE ADOPT$ BY ! ,AM]ICAN M$IA IS ?AT ,G&HIAN TACTICS DO NOT1 G5]ALLY SPEAK+1 WORK 9 ! ,U,S4 ,ONE ( ! AIMS ( NONVIOL5T CIVIL DISOB$I5CE IS TO REVEAL ! 9H]5T VIOL5CE ( ! /ATE1 TO DEMON/RATE ?AT IT IS PREP>$ TO BRUTALIZE EV5 DISSID5TS :O C\LD NOT POSSIBLY BE ! S\RCE ( PHYSICAL H>M4 ,S9CE ! #a#i#fS1 H[EV]1 ! ,U,S M$IA HAS SIMPLY REFUS$ TO REPRES5T AU?ORIZ$ POLICE ACTIVITY ( ANY SORT AS VIOL5T4 ,9 ! SEV]AL YE>S IMM$IATELY PROCE$+ ,SEATTLE1 = 9/ANCE1 =E/ ACTIVI/S ON ! ,WE/ ,COA/ HAD DEVELOP$ LOCKD[N TE*NIQUES BY :I* !Y IMMOBILIZ$ !IR >MS 9 CONCRETE-RE9=C$ ,P,V,C TUB+1 MAK+ !M AT ONCE OBVI\SLY H>MLESS & V]Y DIFFICULT TO REMOVE4 ,IT WAS A CLASSIC ,G&HIAN /RATEGY4 ,! POLICE RESPONSE WAS TO DEVELOP :AT CAN ONLY BE DESCRIB$ AS TORTURE TE*NIQUES3 RUBB+ PEPP] SPRAY 9 ! EYES ( 9CAPACITAT$ ACTIVI/S4 ,:5 EV5 ?AT DIDN'T CAUSE A M$IA FUROR 79 FACT1 C\RTS UPHELD ! PRACTICE7 MANY CONCLUD$ ,G&HIAN TACTICS SIMPLY DIDN'T WORK 9 ,AM]ICA4 ,IT IS SIGNIFICANT ?AT A L>GE NUMB] ( ! ,BLACK ,BLOC AN>*I/S 9 ,SEATTLE1 :O REJECT$ ! LOCKD[N /RATEGY & OPT$ = MORE MOBILE & AGGRESSIVE TACTICS1 W]E PRECISELY =E/ ACTIVI/S :O HAD BE5 9VOLV$ 9 TREE-SITS & LOCKD[NS 9 ! PA/4 

.<#e.> ,?OSE ) PUPPETS HAVE BE5 ATTACK$ & >RE/$ FREQU5TLY AS WELL BUT TO MY KN[L$GE ! CORPORATE M$IA HAS NEV] REPORT$ ?IS4 

.<#f.> ,9 ,! ,BLACK ,BLOC ,PAP]S1 COMPIL$ BY ,DAVID & ,X ( ! ,GRE5 ,M\NTA9 ,AN>*I/ ,COLLECTIVE4 ,BLACK ,CLOV] ,PRESS1 ,BALTIMORE1 #b#b1 P4 #e#c4 ,! REF]5CES TO DIV]T+ =MS ( EX*ANGE VALUE 9TO USE VALUES IS CLE>LY DIRECTLY 9SPIR$ BY ,SITUATIONI/ MANIFE/OS4 

.<#g.> ,I [E ! PHRASE TO ,ILANA ,G]%ON4 

.<#h.> ,FROM 0,PUPPET ,MA/]S3 ,PAP] ,H& ,PUPPET ,9T]V5TION BR+S ITS BR+ ( POLITICAL !AT] BACK TO ,*APEL ,HILL0 7,9DEP5D5T ,ONTL9E1 #h_/#h #b#aHTTP3_/_/9DYWEEK4COM_/DURHAM_/#b#a-#h-#h_/AE4HTML1 ACCESS$ ,JUNE #b#d4 

.<#i.> ,SIMIL> !MES RECUR 9 MANY 9T]VIEWS ) RADICAL PUPPETE]S4 ,?IS IS FROM ,MATTYBOY ( ! ,SPIRAL ,Q ,PUPPET ,!AT] 9 ,PHILADELPHIA3 0,O,K1 ,I'M #b#c4 ,I'VE LO/ #ac FRI5DS TO ,A,I,D,S4 ,?IS IS W>TIME1 IT'S A PLAGUE4 ,?IS IS ! ONLY WAY = ME TO DEAL ) IT4 ,) PUPPETS ,I CREATE MY [N MY?OLOGY4 ,I BR+ !M BACK AS GODS & GODDESSES0 70,! ,PUPPETS >E ,COM+01 ,DAISY ,FREID1 ,PHILADELPHIA ,CITYPAP] ,JANU>Y #a#f-#b#c1 #a#i#i#g47 ,ONE ILLU/RAT$ VOLUME ON ,BREAD @& ,PUPPET IS ACTUALLY CALL$ ,REHE>S+ ) GODS3 PHOTOGRAPHS & ESSAYS ON ! ,BREAD @& ,PUPPET ,!AT] 7,RONALD ,T4 ,SIMON @& ,M>C ,E/R94 ,:ITE ,RIV] ,JUNCTION1 ,VT43 ,*ELSEA ,GRE5 ,PUB4 ,CO41 #b#d74 

.<#a.> ,B>B>A ,EP/E91 ,POLITICAL ,PROTE/ & ,CULTURAL ,REVOLUTION3 ,NONVIOL5T ,DIRECT ,ACTION 9 ! #a#i#gS & #a#i#hS4 ,B]KELEY3 ,UNIV]SITY ( ,CALI=NIA ,PRESS1 #a#i#i#a4 

.<#a#a.> ,! ,PAGAN ,BLOC HAS BE5 A REGUL> FIXTURE 9 L>GE-SCALE ACTIONS S9CE ,SEATTLE1 &1 UNLIKE ! ,QUAK]S & O!R ,*RI/IAN PROPON5TS ( CIVIL DISOB$I5CE1 WAS WILL+1 ULTIMATELY1 TO RECOGNIZE ,BLACK ,BLOC PRACTICE AS A =M ( NONVIOL5CE & EV5 TO =M A TACIT ALLIANCE ) !M4 

.<#a#b.> ,VIDEOGRAPH]S DOCUM5T$ POLICE COMM&]S ON ! FIR/ DAY REASSUR+ ACTIVI/S ?AT ! ,SEATTLE POLICE 0HAD NEV] ATTACK$ NONVIOL5T PROTE/]S & NEV] W\LD40 ,)9 H\RS ! SAME COMM&]S HAD COMPLETELY REV]S$ C\RSE4 

.<#a#c.> ,! BE/ S\RCE ,I'VE F\ND ON !SE EV5TS IS 9 ,JOSEPH ,BOSKI'S 0,! ,CO/S ( ,GLOBAL ,GOV]NANCE3 ,SECURITY & ,9T]NATIONAL ,MEET+S S9CE ,W,T,O ,SEATTLE40 ,PAP] ,PRES5T$ AT ! ,C,Y,B,] ,CONF]5CE1 ,GLOBALIZATION3 ,GOV]NANCE & ,9EQUALITY1 ,MAY #c#a-,JUNE #a1 #b#b1 ,V5TURA ,CALI=NIA4 

.<#a#d.> ,BLOCK+ A /REET IS 9 FACT TE*NICALLY NOT EV5 A CRIME1 BUT AN 09FRACTION0 OR 0VIOLATION03 ?AT IS1 ! LEGAL EQUIVAL5T ( JAYWALK+1 OR A P>K+ TICKET4 ,IF ONE VIOLATES SU* ORD9ANCES = NONPOLITICAL PURPOSES ONE CAN NORMALLY EXPECT TO RECEIVE SOME K9D ( TICKET1 BUT C]TA9LY NOT TO BE TAK5 TO A /ATION OR SP5D ! NI<T 9 JAIL4 

.<#a#e.> 0,POLICE PREP = PROTE/S OV] BIOTE* CONF]5CE AT ,HYNES0 BY ,JOSE ,M>T9EZ1 ,SATURDAY1 ,BO/ON ,H]ALD1 ,M>* #d #b4 

.<#a#f.> ,NEW ,YORK ,TIMES1 ,JUNE #f1 ,CORRECTIONS1 P,A#b4 ,! ORIG9AL /ORY WAS SIGNIFICANTLY 5TITL$1 0,DETROIT ,DEF5DS ,GET-,T\< ,/ANCE0 BY ,NI*OLE ,*RI/IAN1 ,JUNE #d1 #b1 ,A#f4 ,! CORRECTION READS3 0,AN >TICLE ON ,SUNDAY AB\T PLANS = PROTE/S 9 ,DETROIT & 9 ,W9DSOR1 ,ONT>IO1 AGA9/ AN 9T]-,AM]ICAN MEET+ BE+ HELD 9 ,W9DSOR ?R\< TODAY REF]R$ 9CORRECTLY TO ! PROTE/S LA/ ,NOVEMB] AT ! ,WORLD ,TRADE ,ORGANIZATION MEET+ 9 ,SEATTLE4 ,! ,SEATTLE PROTE/S W]E PRIM>ILY PEACEFUL4 ,! AU?ORITIES !RE SAID ?AT ANY OBJECTS ?R[N W]E AIM$ AT PROP]TY1 NOT PEOPLE4 ,NO PROTE/]S W]E ACCUS$ ( ?R[+ OBJECTS1 9CLUD+ ROCKS & ,MOLOTOV COCKTAILS1 AT DELEGATES OR POLICE40 

.<#a#g.> ,?IS DOCUM5T WAS TRANSCRIB$ & WIDELY CIRCULAT$ ON ACTIVI/ LI/S]VES AT ! TIME4 ,ACCORD+ TO ONE /ORY 9 ! ,MIAMI ,H]ALD 70,TRADE PROTE/]S MEAN BUS9ESS1 ANALY/ W>NS01 ,JOAN ,FLEIS*MAN1 ,OCTOB] #a1 #b#c71 IT D]IV$ FROM 0RETIR$ ,D,E,A AG5T ,TOM ,CA%1 #f#c1 N[ S5IOR MANAG+ DIRECTOR = ,KROLL ,9C41 AN 9T]NATIONAL SECURITY & BUS9ESS CONSULT+ FIRM40 ,CA% 9 TURN CLAIM$ TO D]IVE HIS 9=MATION FROM 0POLICE 9TELLIG5CE0 S\RCES4 

.<#a#h.> ,A NUMB] ( ,MOLOTOVS W]E ?R[N 9 ,QUEBEC ,CITY1 APP>5TLY BY LOCAL PEOPLE4 ,BUT FRANCOPHONE ,CANADA HAS A V]Y DIFF]5T TRADITION ( MILITANCY4 

.<#a#i.> ,SEE1 = EXAMPLE1 0,CAN ,MIAMI ,REALLY ,BAN ,GIANT ,PUPPETS01 ,BR5DAN ,I4 ,KO]N]1 ,SLATE1 ,NOV4 #a#b1 #b#c1 HTTP3_/_/WWW4SLATE4COM_/ID_/#b#i#a#a#c#i_/4 

.<#b.> ,ONE HAS TO WOND] :]E !Y ACTUALLY GET !SE ?+S4 ,A TYPICAL EXAMPLE FROM MY [N EXP]I5CE COMES FROM ! ,WORLD ,ECONOMIC ,=UM PROTE/S 9 ,NEW ,YORK 9 E>LY #b#b4 ,POLICE AT ONE PO9T ATTACK$ A GR\P ( PROTE/]S :O W]E P>T ( A CR[D WAIT+ TO BEG9 A P]MITT$ M>* :5 !Y OBS]V$ !M DI/RIBUT+ L>GE PLEXIGLASS PO/]S ?AT W]E DESIGN$ TO D\BLE AS %IELDS4 ,SEV]AL W]E DRAGG$ (F & >RE/$4 ,POLICE LAT] CIRCULAT$ SEV]AL DIFF]5T /ORIES = ! REASONS = ! ATTACK BUT ! ONE !Y EV5TUALLY FIX$ ON WAS A CLAIM ?AT ! >RE/EES W]E PREP>+ TO ATTACK ! NE>BY ,PLAZA ,HOTEL2 !Y CLAIM$ TO HAVE DISCOV]$ 0LEAD PIPES & J>S FULL ( UR9E0 ON !IR P]SONS--?\< 9 ?IS CASE !Y DID NOT ACTUALLY PRODUCE ! EVID5CE4 ,?IS IS A CASE ON :I* ,I HAVE SOME FIR/-H& KN[L$GE1 S9CE ,I KNEW ! >RE/EES & HAD BE5 /&+ A FEW FEET AWAY FROM !M :5 IT HAPP5$4 ,!Y W]E1 9 FACT1 UND]GRADUATE /UD5TS FROM A SMALL ,NEW ,5GL& LIB]AL >TS COLLEGE :O HAD AGRE$ TO HAVE !IR PREP>ATIONS & TRA9+ BE=E ! M>* VIDEO-TAP$ BY A TEAM ( REPORT]S FROM ,A,B,C ,NI<TL9E 7! REPORT]S1 ?\<1 UN=TUNATELY1 W]E NOT ACTUALLY !RE AT ! TIME74 ,A LESS LIKELY GR\P ( ?UGS W\LD HAVE BE5 H>D TO IMAG9E4 ,NE$LESS TO SAY1 !Y W]E />TL$ & CONFUS$ TO DISCOV] POLICE W]E CLAIM+ ?AT !Y HAD COME TO ! M>* EQUIPP$ ) J>S ( UR9E4 ,9 SU* CASES1 CLAIMS ?AT UR9E OR EXCREM5T W]E 9VOLV$ IS CONSID]$1 BY ACTIVI/S1 9/ANT & ABSOLUTE PRO( ?AT ! POLICE HAD PLANT$ ! EVID5CE4 

.<#b#a.> ,!RE IS ALSO NO CLE> EVID5CE ?AT '#fS PROTE/]S SPAT ON SOLDI]S ANY MORE ?AN E>LY FEM9I/S ACTUALLY BURN$ BRAS4 ,AT LEA/1 NO ONE HAS MANAG$ TO COME UP ) A CONTEMPOR>Y REF]5CE TO SU* AN ACT4 ,! /ORY SEEMS TO HAVE EM]G$ 9 ! LATE '#gS OR E>LY '#hS1 &1 AS ! REC5T DOCUM5T>Y 0,SIR6 ,NO ,SIR60 NICELY DEMON/RATES1 ! ONLY VET]AN :O HAS PUBLICLY CLAIM$ ?IS HAPP5$ TO HIM IS LIKELY TO BE LY+4 

.<#b#b.> ,I HAVE BE5 UNABLE TO TRACE :O FIR/ PUBLICLY ANN\NC$ SU* CLAIMS1 ?\< MY MEMORY FROM ! TIME WAS ?AT !Y W]E VOIC$ ALMO/ SIMULTANE\SLY FROM ,MAYOR ,RIORDAN ( ,LOS ,ANGELES & A ,PHILADELPHIA ,DEMOCRATIC ,P>TY (FICIAL1 DUR+ ! PREP>ATIONS = ?OSE CITIES' RESPECTIVE PRIM>IES4 ,! CLAIM WAS OBVI\SLY ALSO MEANT TO APPEAL TO CONS]VATIVE /]EOTYPES ( LIB]ALS AS MEMB]S ( A 0CULTURAL ELITE0--BUT IT HAD SURPRIS+LY WIDE 9FLU5CE4 ,AS ,/EV5 ,%UKAITIS HAS PO9T$ \T1 IT HAS BE5 REPRODUC$ EV5 BY SYMPA!TIC VOICES 9 ! ,N,G,O COMMUNITY 70,SPACE1 ,IMAG9ATION _/_/ ,RUPTURE3 ,! ,COGNITIVE ,>*ITECTURE ( ,UTOPIAN ,POLITICAL ,?\<T 9 ! ,GLOBAL ,JU/ICE ,MOVEM5T01 ,UNIV]SITY ( ,SUSSEX ,J\RNAL ( ,CONTEMPOR>Y ,HI/ORY #h1 #b#e47 ,:ILE ,I HAVE NOT CONDUCT$ SY/EMATIC SURVEYS ( ! SOCIO-ECONOMIC BACKGR\ND ( AN>*I/S 9 ! C\RSE ( MY [N RESE>*1 ,I CAN RELY ON SIX YE>S ( P]SONAL EXP]I5CE TO SAY ?AT1 9 FACT1 0TRU/ FUND BABIES0 9 ! MOVEM5T >E EXTREMELY R>E4 ,ANY MAJOR CITY IS LIKELY TO HAVE ONE OR TWO1 (T5 PROM95T SIMPLY BECAUSE ( !IR ACCESS TO RES\RCES1 BUT ,I MYSELF KN[ AT LEA/ TWO OR ?REE AN>*I/S FROM MILIT>Y FAMILIES = EV]Y ONE EQUIPP$ ) A TRU/ FUND4 

.<#b#c.> ,ONE COMMON FE> IS ?AT WOOD5 D[ELS US$ 9 !IR CON/RUCTION C\LD BE DETA*$ & US$ AS CUDGELS1 OR TO BREAK W9D[S4 

.<#b#d.> ,MONDAY1 ,AUGU/ #b#a/1 0,CONV5TION ,PROTE/S ,BR+ ,MIX$ ,REACTIONS0 7,REUT]S_/,ZOGBY74 0,9 A ,ZOGBY ,AM]ICA SURVEY ( #a1#d ADULTS1 #c#b4#i.0 SAID !Y W]E PR\D ( ! PROTE/]S1 :ILE ANO!R #c#a4#b.0 SAID !Y W]E W>Y4 ,ANO!R #a#c4#b.0 SAID !Y W]E SYMPA!TIC & #a#e4#g.0 IRRITAT$ & #f4#i.0 SAID !Y W]E UNSURE40 ,CONSID]+ ! ALMO/ UNI=M HO/ILITY ( ! COV]AGE1 ! FACT ?AT A ?IRD ( ! AUDI5CE W]E NONE!LESS 0PR\D01 & ?AT LESS ?AN ONE 9 SIX W]E SURE !IR REACTION WAS NEGATIVE1 IS QUITE REM>KABLE4 

.<#b#e.> ,PROBABLY ! DE/RUCTION ( PRODUCTIVE CAPACITY AS WELL1 :I* MU/ BE 5DLESSLY R5EW$4 

.<#b#f.> ,IT MI<T BE SIGNIFICANT H]E ?AT ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES' MA9 EXPORTS TO ! RE/ ( ! WORLD CONSI/ ( 7A7 ,HOLLYWOOD ACTION MOVIES & 7B7 P]SONAL COMPUT]S4 ,IF Y\ ?9K AB\T IT1 !Y =M A K9D ( COMPLEM5T>Y PAIR TO ! BRICK-?R\<-W9D[_/GIANT PUPPET SET ,I'VE BE5 DESCRIB+--OR RA!R1 ! BRICK_/PUPPET SET MI<T BE CONSID]$ A K9D ( SUBV]SIVE1 DESUBLIMAT$ REFLECTION ( !M--! FIR/ 9VOLV+ PEANS TO PROP]TY DE/RUCTION1 ! SECOND1 ! 5DLESS ABILITY TO CREATE NEW1 BUT EPHEM]AL1 9SUB/ANTIAL IMAG]Y 9 ! PLACE ( OLD]1 MORE P]MAN5T =MS4 

.<#b#g.> ,SOME ( ?IS HI/ORY IS RETOLD1 & ! /ORY BR\<T =W>D TO ,RECLAIM ! ,/REETS & ! CURR5T C>NIVALS AGA9/ CAPITALISM1 9 AN ESSAY BY ,GAV9 ,GR9DON CALL$ 0,! ,BREA? ( ! ,POSSIBLE01 TO APPE> 9 ,CON/ITU5T ,IMAG9ATION3 ,MILITANT ,9VE/IGATION1 ,COLLECTIVE ,RESE>*0 7,DAVID ,GRAEB] & ,/EVPH5 ,%UKAITIS1 $ITORS71 ,A,K ,PRESS1 #b#f4 

.<#b#h.> ,= ONE GOOD EXAMPLE ( SU* REFLECTIONS1 SEE 0,HI/ORY ( ,RADICAL ,PUPPETRY01 BY ! ,WISE ,FOOL ,PUPPET ,COLLECTIVE 7WWW4ZEITGEI/4NET_/WFCA_/RADPUP4HTM74 ,WISE ,FOOL TRACES !IR >T MORE BACK TO ,M$IEVAL MY/]Y PLAYS ?AN FE/IVALS BUT IT PROVIDES A NICE HI/ORICAL P]SPECTIVE4 

.<#b#i.> ,:]E !Y WILL NORMALLY TURN ON %[S :I* TAKE ! P]SPECTIVE ( ! SAME POLICE 9 *>GE ( GETT+ !M (F ! /REETS TO BEG9 )2 MORE ON ?IS LAT]4 

.<#c.> ,M>T9 ,VAN ,CREVELD1 ,! ,TRANS=MATION ( ,W>1 ,NEW ,YORK1 ,FREE ,PRESS1 #a#i#i#a4 

.<#c#a.> ,SEE ,EGON ,BITN]1 ,ASPECTS ( ,POLICE ,WORK4 ,BO/ON3 ,NOR!A/]N ,UNIV]SITY ,PRESS1 #a#i#i1 = A GOOD SUMM>Y ( POLICE SOCIOLOGY'S UND]/&+ ( !SE CON/RA9TS & ! G5]AL ISSUE ( 0DISCRETION04 ,S9CE MO/ ,AM]ICANS ASSUME ?AT POLICE >E NORMALLY 5GAG$ 9 PREV5T+ OR 9VE/IGAT+ CRIMES1 !Y ASSUME ?AT POLICE CONDUCT IS FREI<T$ ) 5DLESS BUREAUCRATIC RE/RA9TS4 ,9 FACT1 ONE ( ! GREAT DISCOV]IES ( POLICE SOCIOLOGY IS ?AT POLICE SP5D A SURPRIS+LY SMALL P]C5TAGE ( !IR TIME ON CRIM9AL MATT]S4 

.<#c#b.> ,BITTN]'S PHRASE4 ,SEE ALSO ,M>K ,NEOCLEUS1 ,! ,FABRICATION ( ,SOCIAL ,ORD]3 ,A ,CRITICAL ,!ORY ( ,POLICE ,P[]4 ,LONDON3 ,PLUTO ,PRESS1 #b4 

.<#c#c.> ,CONSID] H]E ! FACT ?AT 0POLICE NEGOTIATORS0 >E G5]ALLY EMPLOY$ 9 HO/AGE SITUATIONS2 9 O!R WORDS1 9 ORD] TO ACTUALLY GET ! POLICE TO NEGOTIATE1 ONE HAS TO LIT]ALLY BE HOLD+ A GUN TO SOMEONE'S HEAD4 ,& 9 SU* SITUATIONS POLICE CAN H>DLY BE EXPECT$ TO HONOR !IR PROMISES2 9 FACT1 !Y C\LD WELL >GUE !Y >E MORALLY OBLIG$ NOT TO4 

.<#c#d.> ,ORGANIZ]S AT ,G5OA UNI=MLY SPOKE ( !IR %OCK DUR+ ! ACTIONS :5 SUDD5LY1 ALL ! POLICE COMM&]S :OSE CELL PHONE NUMB]S !Y HAD ASSEMBL$ SUDD5LY REFUS$ TO ANSW] CALLS FROM ACTIVI/S4 

.<#c#e.> ,I HAVE YET TO HE> ( A PASS+ P$E/RIAN OR O!R MEMB] ( 0! PUBLIC0 :O WAS 9JUR$ BY EV5 ! R[DIE/ AN>*I/ TACTICS2 9 ANY L>GE-SCALE ACTION1 L>GE NUMB]S ( PASS+ P$E/RIANS >E LIKELY TO 5D UP GASS$1 9JUR$1 OR >RE/$ BY POLICE4 

.<#c#f.> ,M>C ,COOP]1 0,DUM ,DA ,DUM-,DUM04 ,VILLAGE ,VOICE ,APRIL #a#f1 #a#i#i#a1 PP4#b#h-#c#c4 ,I HAVE DEVELOP$ !SE !MES 9 MU* GREAT] DETAIL ELSE:]E3 SEE MY ,MAL9[SKI LECTURE ( #b#f1 0,BEYOND ,P[]_/,KN[L$GE3 ,A ,!ORY ( ! ,RELATION ,BETWE5 ,P[]1 ,IGNORANCE & ,/UPIDITY40 

.<#c#g.> ,PET] ,KROPOTK91 /ILL PROBABLY ! MO/ FAM\S AN>*I/ ?9K] TO HAVE DEVELOP$ AN EXPLICIT E?ICAL !ORY1 >GU$ ?AT ALL MORALITY IS F\ND$ ON ! IMAG9ATION4 ,MO/ CONTEMPOR>Y AN>*I/S W\LD APPE> TO FOLL[ HIM ON ?IS1 AT LEA/ IMPLICITLY4 

.<#c#h.> ,P>TICUL>LY ,CA/ORIADIS' 0,IMAG9>Y ,9/ITUTION ( ,SOCIETY04 ,AGA91 ?IS IS A !ME ?AT ,I CAN ONLY FULLY DEVELOP ELSE:]E1 BUT ONE C\LD DESCRIBE ! HI/ORY ( LEFT-W+ ?\<T S9CE ! 5D ( ! EI<TE5? C5TURY AS REVOLV+ >\ND ! ASSUMPTION ?AT CREATIVITY & IMAG9ATION W]E ! FUNDAM5TAL ONTOLOGICAL PR9CIPLES4 ,?IS IS OBVI\S 9 ! CASE ( ,ROMANTICISM1 BUT EQUALLY TRUE ( ,M>X--:O 9SI/$ 9 HIS FAM\S COMP>ISON ( ,>*ITECTS & ,BEES ?AT IT WAS PRECISELY ! ROLE ( IMAG9ATION 9 PRODUCTION ?AT MADE HUMANS DIFF]5T FROM ANIMALS4 ,M>X1 9 TURN1 WAS ELABORAT+ ON P]SPECTIVES ALREADY CURR5T 9 ! WORK]'S MOVEM5T ( HIS DAY4 ,?IS HELPS EXPLA91 ,I ?9K1 ! NOTORI\S AFF9ITY ?AT AVANT G>DE >TI/S HAVE ALWAYS FELT ) REVOLUTION>Y POLITICS4 ,RI<TW+ ?\<T HAS ALWAYS T5D$ TO ACCUSE ! ,LEFT ( NAIVETE 9 REFUS+ TO TAKE ACC\NT ( ! IMPORTANCE ( ! 0MEANS ( DE/RUCTION01 >GU+ ?AT IGNOR+ ! FUNDAM5TAL ROLE ( VIOL5CE 9 DEF9+ HUMAN RELATIONS CAN ONLY 5D UP PRODUC+ P]NICI\S EFFECTS4 

.<#c#i.> ,ONE MI<T DRAW AN ANALOGY H]E TO ! COLLAPSE ( LEVELS TYPICAL ( CONS5SUS DECISION-MAK+4 ,ONE WAY TO ?9K ( CONS5SUS PROCESS IS AN ATTEMPT TO M]GE ! PROCESS ( DELIB]ATION ) ! PROCESS ( 5=CEM5T4 ,IF ONE DOES NOT HAVE A SEP>ATE ME*ANISM ( CO]CION ?AT CAN =CE A M9ORITY TO COMPLY ) A MAJORITY DECISION1 MAJORITY VOT+ IS CLE>LY UNADVISABLE--! PROCESS ( F9D+ CONS5SUS IS MEANT TO PRODUCE \TCOMES ?AT DO NOT NE$ A SEP>ATE ME*ANISM ( 5=CEM5T BECAUSE COMPLIANCE HAS ALREADY BE5 GU>ANTE$ )9 ! PROCESS ( DECISION-MAK+ ITSELF4 

.<#d.> ,I AM REF]R+ H]E ( C\RSE TO ,K>L ,S*MITT1 ,WALT] ,B5JAM91 & MORE REC5TLY1 TO ,TONI ,NEGRI & ,GIORGIO ,AGAMB54 

.<#d#a.> ,! ,T-,%IRT ( ! ,>TS 9 ,ACTION COLLECTIVE ?AT ACTUALLY MAKES MANY ( !SE PUPPETS FEATURES A QUOTE FROM ,BRE*T3 0WE SEE >T NOT AS A MIRROR TO HOLD UP TO REALITY BUT AS A HAMM] ) :I* TO %APE IT04 

.<#d#b.> ,IT IS 9T]E/+ TO OBS]VE ?AT !RE IS A LONG/&+ TRADITION 9 ,AM]ICAN ?\<T ?AT SEES CREATIVITY AS 9H]5TLY ANTI-SOCIAL1 & !RE=E1 DEMONIC4 ,IT EM]GES P>TICUL>LY /RONGLY 9 RACIAL IDEOLOGIES4 ,?IS H[EV] IS PROP]LY ! SUBJECT = ANO!R ESSAY4 

.<#d#c.> ,SEE ,RADICAL ?\<T 9 ,ITALY3 A POT5TIAL POLITICS 7,PAOLO ,VIRNO & ,MI*AEL ,H>DT1 $ITORS74 ,M9NEAPOLIS1 ,M,N1 ,UNIV]SITY ( ,M9NESOTA ,PRESS1 #a#i#i#f4 

.<#d#d.> ,! FACT ?AT ALMO/ ALL ! PR9CIPLE FIGURES 9VOLV$ 9 ! REPRESSION ( PROTE/ 9 ,AM]ICA 5D$ UP AS 0SECURITY CONSULTANTS0 9 ,BA<DAD AFT] ! ,AM]ICAN CONQUE/ ( ,IRAQ SEEMS RA!R TELL+ H]E4 ,( C\RSE1 !Y RAPIDLY DISCOV]$ !IR USUAL TACTICS W]E NOT P>TICUL>LY EFFECTIVE AGA9/ OPPON5TS :O REALLY W]E VIOL5T1 CAPABLE1 = EXAMPLE1 ( DEAL+ ) ,I,M,F & ,WORLD ,BANK (FICIALS BY ACTUALLY BL[+ !M UP4 

.<#d#e.> ,CL9T ,EA/WOOD1 ( C\RSE1 9 HIS %IFT FROM ,SPA<ETTI ,WE/]N TO ,DIRTY ,H>RY1 WAS ! V]Y AVAT> ( ! TRANS=MATION4 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,JANU>Y #f1 #bba 3 ,ON ! ,PH5OM5OLOGY ( ,GIANT ,PUPPETS -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #d1 #bbb 3 ,ON ! ,PH5OM5OLOGY ( ,GIANT ,PUPPETS -- ,UPDAT$4 

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