,SYDNEY ,LIB]T>IANISM 

#aif 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,ALLAN ,JAMES 0,JIM0 ,BAK] 

,TEXT 3 

,I4 ,S,O,C,I,A,L ,!,O,R,Y4 

,9 EXPLA9+ !IR POSITION ,SYDNEY LIB]T>IANS (T5 REF] TO !IR 9T]E/ 9 SOCIAL !ORY4 ,BUT ?IS PHRASE1 0SOCIAL !ORY10 CAN SUGGE/1 NOT ONLY EMPIRICAL /UDY1 BUT ALSO ! MAK+ ( C]TA9 CRITICISMS2 & AT ! SAME TIME1 ! QUE/ION MAY BE ASK$3 ,H[ >E !SE CONNECT$ ) ! ATTITUDES & SYMPA?IES LIB]T>IANS HAVE1 ) !IR SUPPORT = P>TICUL> SOCIAL CAUSES8 ,?US 7#a7 WE %\LD EXPECT SOCIAL !ORY TO BE CONC]N$ ) DEVELOP+ TRUE VIEWS AB\T ! NATURE & 9T]CONNECTION ( SOCIAL PH5OM5A1 & ! POSITION ( LIB]T>IANS DOES DEP5D P>TLY ON :AT !Y TAKE TO BE C]TA9 FACTS AB\T H[ SOCIETY OP]ATES4 

,BUT 7#b7 ?IS ALMO/ ALWAYS GETS CONNECT$ ) CRITICISM & >GUM5T1 = ! SOCIAL !ORI/ IS L$ TO DEMOLI% C]TA9 FALLACI\S >GUM5TS HE 5C\NT]S4 ,= EXAMPLE1 LIB]T>IANS TAKE ! IMPORTANT ?+ AB\T RELIGION TO BE ! ACTUAL1 E>?LY ROLE ( RELIGI\S 9/ITUTIONS1 BUT !Y >E ALSO L$ TO ATTACK ! !OLOGICAL & MORAL VIEWS ( RELIGI\S PEOPLE4 ,OR1 AS A DIFF]5T EXAMPLE1 LIB]T>IANS REG>D SOME ( ,M>X'S WORK AS AN IMPORTANT CONTRIBUTION TO ! /UDY ( SOCIETY1 BUT 9 VIEW ( MISUND]/&+S AB\T ,M>XISM & ! DEIFICATION ( ,M>X BY SOME1 CL>ITY ALSO DEM&S ?AT ! PR$OM9ANT ANTI-EMPIRICAL1 METAPHYSICAL P>T ( ,M>XISM BE REVEAL$ & CRITICIZ$4 

,IT IS EASY TO SEE :Y 7#a7 COMES TO BE ACCOMPANI$ BY 7#b74 ,9 ANY SUBJECT MATT] !RE >E =CES OB/RUCT+ KN[L$GE 7CF4 ,COP]NICUS1 ,GALILEO1 ,D>W971 BUT ! OB/RUCTIONS >E ALL ! MORE P[]FUL 9 ! SOCIAL FIELD4 ,!RE1 RECOGNITION ( H[ ?+S >E CUTS TOO DEEP & 9JURES P]SONAL HOPES & ILLUSIONS AS WELL AS (F5D+ 9FLU5TIAL SOCIAL GR\PS4 ,AS A RESULT1 EXAM9ATION ( CONCEPTS & CRITICISM ( BELIEFS >E IMP]ATIVE2 PEOPLE HAVE LITTLE *ANCE ( BECOM+ AW>E ( TRU?S AB\T SOCIETY UNLESS AT ! SAME TIME !Y COME TO SEE ?R\< PREVAIL+ FALSE OR ABSURD BELIEFS AB\T HUMAN CONDUCT & SOCIAL AFFAIRS4 

7#c7 ,SOCIAL !ORI/S HAVE PREF]5CES OR POLICIES ( !IR [N4 7,( C\RSE1 TO BE A SOCIAL !ORI/ IS NOT NECESS>ILY TO BE P>TIAL OR ONE-SID$ 9 A CRUDE S5SE -- ,L59'S DICTUM 0ALL !ORY IS P>TISAN10 9 ! CRUDE WAY HE MEANT IT1 ILLOGICALLY D5IES ANY DI/9CTION BETWE5 TRU? & FALSITY4 ,BUT ! ACADEMIC NOTION ( COMPLETE DETA*M5T OR DIS9T]E/$NESS WRONGLY TREATS ! SOCIAL !ORI/ AS A M]E EXT]NAL SPECTATOR ) NO SOCIAL EXI/5CE & 9T]E/S ( HIS [N47 ,9 ! CASE ( LIB]T>IANS1 !IR SOCIAL !ORY IS ACCOMPANI$ & /IMULAT$ BY ! 9T]E/ !Y HAVE 9 /RUGGL+ AGA9/ AU?ORIT>IAN =CES & IDEAS4 ,&1 AS A MATT] ( FACT1 ?OSE PEOPLE :O COMB9E 7#a7 & 7#b7 ABOVE1 I4E44 :O >E NOT M]E UNCRITICAL COLLECTORS ( 0FACTS10 USUALLY DO TAKE AN ANTI-AU?ORIT>IAN /&4 ,!RE CAN BE EXCEPTIONS2 AN EXAMPLE ( P>TICUL> 9T]E/ TO LIB]T>IANS BE+ ,P>ETO1 = HE PRES5T$ AN ACC\NT ( SOCIETY MU* ( :I* LIB]T>IANS CAN ACCEPT & YET HAD SOME AU?ORIT>IAN PREF]5CES4 ,BUT ?IS IS R>E4 ,NE>LY ALWAYS :AT PASSES = SOCIAL !ORY AMONG SUPPORT]S ( V>I\S K9DS ( AU?ORIT>IANISM >E IDEOLOGY & FALSE BELIEF4 

,9 O!R WORDS1 RECOGNIZ+ H[ SOCIETY GOES ON1 CRITICIZ+ WIDESPREAD BUT MI/AK5 BELIEFS1 & HAV+ ! 9T]E/S !Y HAVE OR ! P>TICUL> CAUSES !Y SUPPORT1 TOGE!R MAKE UP ! LIB]T>IAN POSITION4 7,AS WILL EM]GE1 IT IS ! ANTI-AU?ORIT>IAN SYMPA?IES !Y %>E ) !M :I* GIVE LIB]T>IANS !IR AFF9ITY )1 BUT !IR SOCIAL !ORY :I* DI/+UI%ES !M FROM1 CLASSICAL AN>*I/S47 

,:AT SOCIAL BELIEFS DO LIB]T>IANS REJECT AS UNCRITICAL8 ,:AT ACC\NT DO !Y GIVE ( SOCIETY8 ,AN 9DICATION MAY BE GIV5 IF ,I SAY SOME?+ AB\T TWO CATEGORIES OR CONCEPTS :I* APPE> 9DISP5SABLE TO SOCIAL !ORY -- ?OSE :I* CAN BE LABEL$ 0PLURALISM0 & 0IDEOLOGY40 

7'A7 ,SOCIAL PLURALISM IS R\<LY ! VIEW ?AT SOCIETY IS NOT A S+LE ?+ BUT A DIV]SITY ( DIFF]5T & (T5 COMPET+ ACTIVITIES & 9T]E/S4 ,A POPUL> WAY ( BR++ ?IS \T IS BY EXPOS+ APPEALS TO !0COMMON GOOD01 0! WELF>E ( ! PEOPLE10 ETC4 ,!SE PHRASES SUGGE/ UNANIMITY & S+L5ESS ( 9T]E/ 1 BUT 9 FACT RECEIVE EMPHASIS ONLY :5 !RE IS V>IETY & CONFLICT -- I4E41 !Y 5ABLE A P>TICUL> GR\P TO MASQU]ADE AS REPRES5TATIVE ( ALL1 & SO TO ADVANCE ITS [N P>TICUL> POLICIES 9 A COV]T WAY4 7,NOTE ?AT ?IS IS TRUE NOT ONLY 9 ! CASE ( ATTEMPT$ JU/IFICATIONS ( C5SOR%IP1 ,CRIMES ,ACTS1 ! ILLEGALIZATION ( ABORTION1 & SO ON1 IT IS ALSO TRUE ( SU* ?+S AS AN 9T]E/ 9 GOOD HEAL?1 FRE% AIR1 ETC41 :I*1 BE+ FAVOR$ BY MO/ MEMB]S ( SOCIETY1 MAY APPE> TO BE MORE PLAUSIBLE EXAMPLES ( ! COMMON 9T]E/S ( SOCIETY4 ,!SE R>ELY BECOME SOCIAL OR POLITICAL ISSUES2 :5 !Y DO1 H[EV]1 AS ) ISSUES AB\T NATIONAL HEAL? S]VICES1 COMPULSORY ,T4,B4 TE/S1 ! ]ADICATION ( SMOG1 & SO ON1 IT IS QUITE CLE> ?AT TO REF] TO !M AS 0! 9T]E/S ( ALL0 IS TO CONCEAL G5U9E CONFLICTS ( 9T]E/47 ,CONTR>Y TO ! UNIT>Y VIEW ( SOCIETY -- :I* W\LD MAKE PA/ HI/ORY & PRES5T DAY-TO-DAY POLITICS 9EXPLICABLE -- !RE >E 9 SOCIETY MANY DIFF]5T 9T]E/S4 SOME ( :I* >E SIMPLY IRRECONCILABLE & REMA9 9 P]MAN5T CONFLICT4 

7B7 ,LIB]T>IANS EMPHASIZE :AT IS ONE ( ,M>X'S MO/ DEF5SIBLE CONCEPTS1 ?AT ( IDEOLOGY4 ,( C\RSE1 EV]YONE USES ! WORD 0IDEOLOGY0 TODAY3 ,RUSSIAN & ,AM]ICAN POLITICIANS & ALL ! NEWSPAP]S1 & 9 RELATION TO ,M>X'S ORIG9AL MEAN+ !Y ALL USE IT WRONGLY -- I4E41 !Y USE IT TO REF] TO ANY SET ( IDEAS :I* IS TAK5 TO SUPPORT A POLITICAL 9T]E/4 ,N[ !RE W]E AMBIGUITIES 9 :AT ,M>X HIMSELF SAID1 & ,L59 & ! O!R ,RUSSIAN ,COMMUNI/S W]E MA9LY RESPONSIBLE = ! WRONG USE CURR5T TO-DAY1 BUT :AT ,I HAVE 9 M9D IS ,M>X'S USE ( ! WORD 0IDEOLOGY0 TO DESCRIBE !ORIES OR BELIEFS :I* >E UNCONSCI\S EXPRESSIONS ( SOME?+ ELSE OR CAM\FLAGE ! PROMOTION ( SPECIAL 9T]E/S4 ,COMP>E ,M>X'S [N BE/ EXAMPLE3 ?AT 9 #ahdh ! B\RGEOISIE SPOKE ( ,LIB]TY1 ,FRAT]NITY1 ,EQUALITY1 BUT :AT !Y REALLY MEANT W]E ,9FANTRY1 ,CAVALRY1 ,>TILL]Y4 7,NOTE ! IRONIC TRU? :I* RESULTS :5 WE TRANSLATE 9TO ,M>X'S USE REF]5CES BY ,KHRU%*EV TO 0\R ,COMMUNI/ IDEOLOGY0 OR BY ,EIS5H[] TO 0\R ,*RI/IAN IDEOLOGY047 ,IT IS CONV5I5T1 ?\< NOT ESS5TIAL1 TO BR+ \T ! NATURE ( IDEOLOGIES BY REF]R+ TO ,M>X4 ,P>ETO1 = 9/ANCE1 DREW ATT5TION TO ! SAME TYPE ( ?+ 9 A DIFF]5T1 MORE RAMIFI$ WAY BY EMPHASIZ+ ! FACT ?AT ?R\<\T HI/ORY !RE HAVE BE5 MY?S1 SUP]/ITIONS1 RELIGI\S VIEWS1 MORAL !ORIES1 & SO ON1 :I* TAK5 AT !IR FACE VALUE >E EMPTY ( CONT5T &4 9DE$1 MEAN+LESS1 & YET HAVE HAD IMM5SE 9FLU5CE 9 HI/ORY4 ,= ?AT MATT]1 IF WE MAKE EV5 A CURSORY /UDY ( MORAL JU/IFICATIONS1 IT IS EASY TO DETECT ! PRES5CE ( IDEOLOGICAL PROCESSES4 ,ALMO/ EV]Y GR\P SPEAKS 9 ! NAME ( ! GOOD1 RI<T1 JU/ICE1 NATURAL LAW1 PROGRESS1 HAPP9ESS1 & SO ON1 BUT IT IS USUALLY TRANSP>5T ?AT !SE >E UNCONSCI\S COV]S = ! PROMOTION ( C]TA9 POLICIES OR 9T]E/S AT ! EXP5SE ( O!RS4 7,! REF]5CE TO UNCONSCI\S COV]S IS TO BE /RESS$4 ,US+ IDEOLOGY IS QUITE DIFF]5T FROM BE+ A CYNICAL OR UNSCRUPUL\S ,MA*IAVELLIAN -- :5 PEOPLE SAY !Y >E FUR!R+ ! GOOD1 ETC41 !Y USUALLY S9C]ELY BELIEVE :AT !Y SAY47 ,IT IS AS IF 9DIVIDUALS & GR\PS HAVE A BLOCKAGE1 !Y CANNOT FACE UP TO ! UNPLEASANT FACT ?AT !RE >E CONFLICTS & DIFF]5CES ( 9T]E/ 9 SOCIETY4 ,H5CE >ISES ! T5D5CY !Y HAVE1 TO USE IDEOLOGY TO DISGUISE FROM !MSELVES & O!RS :AT !IR POLICIES REALLY >E4 

,TO SUM UP3 ,AN IDEOLOGY IS A BELIEF 7OR SET ( BELIEFS7 :I* 7,I7 MASQU]ADES AS A TRUE BELIEF & IS TAK5 BY ITS BELIEV]S SIMPLY TO BE A TRUE BELIEF1 7II7 9 FACT1 TAK5 LIT]ALLY1 IS NEI!R TRUE NOR FALSE1 BUT 9/EAD IS ABSURD OR MEAN+LESS1 7III7 HAS ! ACTUAL SOCIAL ROLE ( COV]TLY ASSI/+ SPECIAL 9T]E/S4 ,SU* BELIEFS OR !ORIES1 LIB]T>IANS PO9T \T1 >E NOT EXP5DABLE EXTRAS :I* >E OCCASIONALLY LET LOOSE ON SOCIETY2 ON ! CONTR>Y1 !Y >E EXCE$+LY PREVAL5T & 9FLU5TIAL3 IT IS A R>E SOCIAL OR POLITICAL CONTROV]SY :I* IS NOT M>K$ BY LIB]AL USE ( IDEOLOGICAL CONCEPTS & BELIEFS4 ,FROM ?IS >ISES ! IMPORTANCE LIB]T>IANS ATTA* TO CRITICIZ+ IDEOLOGIES & BR++ \T !IR REAL SOCIAL ROLES4 

,I,I4 ,A,N,>,*,I,S,M ,),\,T ,5,D,S4 

,GIV5 ?IS TYPE ( SOCIAL !ORY1 ,SYDNEY LIB]T>IANS PO9T \T ?AT AL?\< !Y %>E ! ANTI-AU?ORIT>IAN 9T]E/S ( CLASSICAL AN>*I/S !Y CANNOT HELP BUT BE CRITICAL ( UTOPIAN AN>*ISM -- I4E41 ( ! K9D ( AN>*ISM :I* FIXES ITS SI<TS ON ! FUTURE & CONT5DS ?AT ! MA9 ?+ IS TO WORK = ! A*IEVEM5T ( ! FUTURE 0FREE SOCIETY40 ,SU* A VIEW IS OP5 TO CRITICISM 7A7 BECAUSE IT 9VOLVES A FALSE SOCIAL !ORY & 7B7 BECAUSE ITS EMPHASIS ON ! FUTURE OBSCURES :AT HAS ALWAYS BE5 ! MO/ IMPORTANT FEATURE ( AN>*I/ & LIB]T>IAN ACTIVITY1 BE+ AN>*I/ OR LIB]T>IAN H]E & N[4 

,?US ! PROBLEM = ! UTOPIAN AN>*I/ IS TO EXPLA9 H[ ! PASSAGE FROM AN UNFREE TO A FREE SOCIETY IS GO+ TO TAKE PLACE4,BUT ! SOLUTION (F]$ 7E4G41 BY ,KROPOTK97 GREATLY OV]-EMPHASIZES ! P>T ?AT CAN BE PLAY$ BY COOP]ATION & RATIONAL P]SUASION4 ,! IDEAS & PRACTICES :I* PREVAIL 9 EXI/+ SOCIETY1 IT IS CLAIM$2 >E SO OBVI\SLY VICI\S & ILLOGICAL ?AT !Y CANNOT P]SI/4 ,) ! SPREAD ( $UCATION & ! GR[? ( A SAN] ATTITUDE TO POLITICAL & SOCIAL QUE/IONS WE MU/ EXPECT ! GRADUAL TRIUMPH ( ! RATIONAL & FRE$OM-LOV+ \TLOOK4 

,! TR\BLE ) ?IS BELIEF IS ?AT IT ASSUMES $UCATION & P]SUASION OCCUR 9 A SOCIAL VACUUM1 :5 9 FACT !Y OCCUR UND] DEF9ITE SOCIAL CONDITIONS1 & WE CAN BY NO MEANS ALT] !SE CONDITIONS AT WILL4 ,IT IS LIKEWISE ASSUM$ ?AT ! RATIONAL DECISIONS ( M5 HAVE AN IMM5SE 9FLU5CE ON ! C\RSE ( EV5TS1 :5 ! SOCIAL FACTS GO AGA9/ ?IS ASSUMPTION4 ,?US1 TAKE ! OP]ATION ( SOCIAL 9/ITUTIONS LIKE ! ,/ATE1 ,*UR*ES1 ! >MY1 UNIV]SITIES1 & SO ON4 ,!SE DON'T >ISE BECAUSE 7OR JU/ BECAUSE7 C]TA9 PEOPLE GET TOGE!R & DECIDE TO CREATE !M NOR DO !Y CONT9UE TO EXI/ BECAUSE C]TA9 PEOPLE HAVE DECID$ TO PROLONG !IR EXI/5CE4 ,9/ITUTIONS >E USUALLY !RE1 GO+ ON 9 C]TA9 SPECIFIABLE WAYS1 IRRESPECTIVE ( :AT RATIONAL DECISIONS 9DIVIDUALS MAKE OR FAIL TO MAKE4 ,AN>*I/S HAVE ALWAYS BE5 ! FIR/ TO PO9T ?IS \T 9 REG>D TO ! ,/ATE -E4G41 ?AT ?OSE LIKE ! ,BOL%EVIKS1 :O ?9K !Y CAPTURE OR CONTROL ! ,/ATE >E1 9 FACT1 CAPTUR$ OR CONTROLL$ BY ! ,/ATE2 H5CE ! CONT9UITY ( ! ,/ATE MA*9E & ITS MANN] ( WORK+ FROM ,CZ>I/ TO ,SOVIET TIMES4 ,BUT ! SAME IS TRUE ( O!R 9/ITUTIONS4 ,IMAG9E A REVOLUTION>Y M9D$ BANK MANAG] TRY+ TO RE=M ! ACTIVITIES ( A BANK4 ,IT IS OBVI\S ?AT BANK+ ACTIVITIES HAVE WAYS ( GO+ ON1 :I* SET SEV]E LIMITS TO :AT 9DIVIDUALS CAN DO -E4G41 IF ! MANAG] />T$ GIV+ UNLIMIT$ OV]DRAFTS ! BANK W\LD COLLAPSE2 & !RE IS ALSO A SECOND K9D ( LIMIT3 ! TRA9+1 \TLOOK1 ETC41 USUALLY REQUIR$ = A MAN TO BECOME A BANK MANAG]4 ,SO1 ! G5]AL CONCLUSION WE HAVE TO DRAW IS ?IS3 F> FROM ! IDEAS & DECISIONS ( M5 CONTROLL+ SOCIAL ACTIVITIES & 9/ITUTIONS1 IT IS MU* MORE ! O!R WAY R\ND4 ,P>TS ( ,/ATE APP>ATUS SU* AS ! >MY & PUBLIC S]VICE >E NOT JU/ 9/RUM5TS ( ! POLITICIANS1 LET ALONE ( 0! PEOPLE02 LIKE NEWSPAP] ORGANIZATIONS1 TRADE UNION SECRET>IATS1 & SO ON1 !Y HAVE A 0LIFE0 ( !IR [N1 & L>GELY %APE ! \TLOOK ( ! M5 :O WORK 9 !M4 

,ALL ?IS CONFLICTS ) ! HOPEFUL BELIEF ( ! UTOPIAN AN>*I/ ?AT BY $UCATION & RATIONAL P]SUASION M5 CAN BE L$ TO DECIDE ON ! =MATION ( A FREE SOCIETY4 7,9 ?IS RESPECT1 ,SYNDICALI/S & ! ,I4,W4,W4 -- 0A NEW SOCIETY )9 ! %ELL ( ! OLD0 -- HAD A MORE DEF5SIBLE1 ?\< /ILL UTOPIAN1 POSITION47 

,TO TAKE CONCRETE CASE3 CONSID] ! TYPE ( SEXUALLY FREE SOCIETY ,WILHELM ,REI* ADVOCAT$4 ,9 EXI/+ SOCIETY WE HAVE :AT ,REI* CALL$ ! 0AU?ORIT>IAN SEXUAL MORALITY10 I4E41 ! D5IAL ( ADOLESC5T SEXUALITY1 EMPHASIS ON COMPULSIVE MONOGAMY1 & SO ON1 :I* MEANS ?AT ! GREAT MASS ( ! PEOPLE1 EV5 JEAL\SY OR O!R DI/URBANCES TO !IR SEXUALITIES4 ,BUT1 9 CONTRA/ ) ?IS1 :5 !Y >E M>RI$1 >E SUBJECT TO GUILT FEEL+S1 POSSESSIVE1 ,REI* >GU$1 IT IS BIOLOGICALLY P]FECTLY POSSIBLE = PEOPLE TO HAVE NON-AU?ORIT>IAN1 ORGIA/ICALLY MU* MORE SATISFACTORY1 SEXUAL RELATION%IPS4,WELL1 !N1 SUPPOSE WE WANT TO BR+ AB\T A SOCIETY 9 :I* ?IS K9D ( SEXUAL FRE$OM PREVAILS4 ,IT IS HI<LY UTOPIAN TO ?9K ?AT PEOPLE C\LD BE RATIONALLY $UCAT$ 9TO ?IS1 EV5 IF MANY ( !M W\LD GA9 FROM DO+ SO4 ,= SEXUAL FRE$OM TO OCCUR ON A L>GE SCALE1 TWO ?+S W\LD HAVE TO BE A*IEV$3 FIR/1 A NEGATIVE REQUIREM5T1 ! P[] ( RELIGI\S & O!R MORALI/IC =CES 9 SOCIETY W\LD HAVE TO BE DE/ROY$2 &1 SECONDLY1 ON ! POSITIVE SIDE1 NEW SOCIAL CONDITIONS W\LD HAVE TO >ISE OR BE BR\<T AB\T 9 :I* IT W\LD BE POSSIBLE = /RAI<T=W>D & NON-GUILT RIDD5 SEXUAL RELATION%IPS TO BECOME WIDESPREAD4 ,BUT A POLICY ( RATIONAL >GUM5T & GOOD WI%ES W\LD NOT A*IEVE !SE RESULTS4 ,?US1 TO BR+ AB\T ! SECOND1 NOT ONLY W\LD !RE NE$ TO BE SU* OBVI\S CONDITIONS AS ! AVAILABILITY ( CONTRACEPTION & ABORTION1 !RE W\LD ALSO HAVE TO BE ! ABS5CE ( NEUROSIS & GUILT FEEL+S 9 ! PEOPLE !MSELVES4 ,BUT !SE GUILT FEEL+S -OR1 AS ,REI* SAYS1 ! 9CAPACITY ( PEOPLE = ORGA/IC SATISFACTION -- >E MA9LY D]IV$ FROM *ILDHOOD TRA9+ & FROM ! GUILTS & PROHIBITIONS 9/ILL$ BY ! EXI/+ $UCATIONAL SY/EM4 ,BUT H[ DO WE1 ! W\LD-BE REVOLUTION>IES1 *ANGE ! EXI/+ $UCATIONAL SY/EM8 ,BY $UCAT+ ! EXI/+ $UCATORS8 ,BUT 9 ?AT CASE WE %\LD NE$ TO BE ALREADY RUNN+ ! $UCATIONAL SY/EM6 ,9 O!R WORDS1 IT IS ONE ?+ TO KN[ H[ ! PREVAIL+ SEXUAL IDEOLOGY AFFECTS ! SEXUAL LIFE ( MO/ PEOPLE & A QUITE DIFF]5T ?+ TO BR+ AB\T A SIGNIFICANT DISAPPE>ANCE ( ?AT IDEOLOGY4 

,= REASONS ( ?IS K9D1 !N1 ,SYDNEY LIB]T>IANS >E W>Y ( TALK+ AB\T RE=M+ SOCIETY OR AB\T FUTURE FRE$OM4 ,9/EAD !Y USE SU* PHRASES AS 0AN>*ISM )\T 5DS40 0PESSIMI/IC AN>*ISM10 0P]MAN5T PROTE/04 0,AN>*ISM )\T 5DS0 9DICATES ?AT !RE >E AN>*I/-LIKE ACTIVITIES SU* AS CRITICIZ+ ! VIEWS ( AU?ORIT>IANS1 RESI/+ ! PRESSURE T[>DS S]VILITY & CON=MITY1 HAV+ UNAU?ORIT>IAN SEXUAL RELATION%IPS1 :I* CAN BE C>RI$ ON = !IR [N SAKE1 H]E & N[1 )\T ANY REF]5CE TO SUPPOS$ FUTURE 5DS4 ,SIMIL>LY1 ! LABEL1 0PESSIMI/IC AN>*ISM40 9DICATES ?AT Y\ CAN EXPECT AU?ORIT>IAN =CES 9 ANY SOCIETY :ATEV]1 ?AT FRE$OM IS SOME?+ Y\ ALWAYS HAVE TO /RUGGLE =1 & IS NOT SOME?+ :I* CAN BE GU>ANTE$ 9 SOME FUTURE SOCIETY4 70,PESSIMI/IC AN>*ISM0 ALSO HITS (F ! FACT ?AT LIB]T>IANS HAVE MANY ( ! SYMPA?IES3& 9T]E/S ( ! CLASSICAL AN>*I/S1 BUT HAVE VIEWS AB\T ! NATURE ( SOCIETY MORE AK9 TO ?OSE ( ! 0PESSIMI/IC SOCIOLOGI/S10 ,P>ETO1 ,MOSCA & ,MI*ELS47 ,!N !RE IS ! SLOGAN1 0P]MAN5T PROTE/10 :I* HAS BE5 BORR[$ FROM ,MAX ,NOMAD1 :O ALSO REF]S TO 0P]MAN5T REVOLUTION0 & 0P]PETUAL OPPOSITION40 7,COMP>E1 E4G41 HIS BOOKS1 ,REBELS & ,R5EGADES & ,APO/LES ( ,REVOLUTION47 ,! LIB]T>IAN USE ( ! PHRASE1 0P]MAN5T PROTE/10 HAS SOME DIFF]5CES FROM ,NOMAD'S USE1 = HE HAS MORE 9 M9D MASS REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5TS & >GUES ?AT ! UND]DOG IS BORN TO BE BETRAY$ BY ALL ( HIS W\LD BE EMANCIPATORS1 BUT ?AT ! ONLY ?+ = ! UND]DOG TO DO IS TO GO ON PROTE/+4 7,COMP>E ,ALB]T ,CAMUS 9 ,! ,REBEL3 0,! HI/ORIC MISSION ( ! PROLET>IAT IS TO BE BETRAY$20 & HIS DI/9CTION BETWE5 7CON/ANT7 REBELLION :I* HE SUPPORTS & 7F9AL7 REVOLUTION :I* HE OPPOSES BECAUSE IT M]ELY 9TRODUCES A NEW =M ( TYRANNY47 ,BUT :ILE ,NOMAD REF]S P>TICUL>LY TO PROTE/ AGA9/ ! SOCIAL /RUCTURE AS A :OLE 7! OV]ALL DI/RIBUTION ( P[] & PRIVILEGE71 LIB]T>IANS 9 SPEAK+ ( 0P]MAN5T PROTE/0 WI% RA!R TO /RESS ! C>RY+ ON ( P>TICUL> LIB]T>IAN ACTIVITIES )9 EXI/+ SOCIETY 7I4E41 9 A C\NTRY LIKE ,AU/RALIA :I* HAS SOCIAL CONDITIONS RA!R DIFF]5T FROM ?OSE1 E4G41 9 ,BULG>IA1 ,SPA9 OR ,CUBA74 

,:AT >E EXAMPLES ( !SE ACTIVITIES8 ,A V]Y OBVI\S ONE IS ! WORK ( CRITICISM C>RI$ ON BY ! ,LIB]T>IAN ,SOCIETY4 ,!RE >E V>I\S FALSE !ORIES1 METAPHYSICAL VIEWS1 OV]T & CONCEAL$ MORAL & POLITICAL ASSUMPTIONS ?AT HAVE WIDE 9FLU5CE 9 SOCIETY2 ! ROLE ( ! CRITIC IS TO EXPOSE !SE AS ILLUSIONS OR IDEOLOGIES1 & ?IS IS A P]MAN5T JOB :I* HAS TO BE C>RI$ ON FROM G5]ATION TO G5]ATION4 ,POLITICIANS1 PRIE/S & POLICEM5 DON'T *ANGE JU/ BECAUSE !IR JU/IFICATIONS ( !MSELVES >E %[N TO BE ILLOGICAL OR ABSURD4 ,SIMIL>LY1 O!R LIB]T>IAN ACTIVITIES >E C>RI$ ON H]E & N[ & NOT ) AN EYE TO SOME FUTURE /ATE ( AFFAIRS :5 !Y WILL CEASE TO EXI/4 ,! UTOPIAN PICTURE ( A FUTURE FREE SOCIETY W\LD NOT EV5 BE 9TELLIGIBLE TO US IF WE W]E NOT ALREADY ACQUA9T$ ) EXAMPLES ( UNAU?ORIT>IAN ACTIVITIES 9 \R PRES5T SOCIETY4 ,CONTR>Y TO ! UTOPIAN1 ! LIB]T>IAN LOOKS NOT TO SOME FUTURE SOCIETY 9 :I* AU?ORIT>IANISM WILL HAVE BE5 GOT RID ( & FRE$OM SUPPOS$LY BR\<T 9TO EXI/5CE = ! FIR/ TIME4 ,9/EAD1 HE TAKES IT TO BE A MATT] ( KEEP+ ALIVE :AT ALREADY EXI/S1 ( KEEP+ UP PROTE/1 KEEP+ ON /RUGGL+ TO EMANCIPATE HIMSELF FROM MY?S & ILLUSIONS1 & ( KEEP+ GO+ HIS [N POSITIVE ACTIVITIES4 ,Y\ DON'T HAVE TO RE=M OR OV]?R[ ! ,/ATE BE=E Y\ CAN C>RY ON LIB]T>IAN ACTIVITIES4 ,Y\ DON'T HAVE TO WAIT HOPEFULLY = ! DE/RUCTION ( RELIGION2 Y\ CAN1 H]E & N[1 ) Y\R *ILDR5 & Y\R FRI5DS1 RESI/ ! PRESSURE FROM ,*RI/IAN =CES4 ,Y\ DON'T HAVE TO TRY TO MAKE ! WORLD SAFE = SEXUAL FRE$OM ( ! ,REI*IAN K9D1 BUT Y\ CAN H]E & N[ FI<T AGA9/ GUILTS & IDEOLOGY &1 AT LEA/ TO SOME EXT5T1 LIVE A /RAI<T=W>D1 UNCOMPULSIVE SEXUAL LIFE4 ,9 O!R WORDS1 FREE OR UNAU?ORIT>IAN ACTIVITIES >E NOT FUTURE REW>DS1 BUT >E ACTIVITIES C>RI$ ON BY AN>*I/ OR LIB]T>IAN- M9D$ GR\PS1 H]E & N[1 9 SPITE ( AU?ORIT>IAN =CES4 

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,*RONOLOGY 3 
,FEBRU>Y #b#i1 #aif 3 ,SYDNEY ,LIB]T>IANISM -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,JANU>Y #a#g1 #bb 3 ,SYDNEY ,LIB]T>IANISM -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #c1 #bbb 3 ,SYDNEY ,LIB]T>IANISM -- ,UPDAT$4 

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