,SYNDICALISM3 ,! ,MOD]N ,M5ACE TO ,CAPITALISM 

#aiac 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,EMMA ,GOLDMAN 

,TAGS 3 DELEGATE TO ! AN>*I/ CONGRESS1 REVOLUTION>Y PHILOSOPHY ( LABOR1 IDEAS & ME?ODS1 SPIRIT ( SOLID>ITY1 M5ACE TO CAPITALISM1 PHILOSOPHY ( LABOR1 VALUE ( SYNDICALISM1 RANKS ( LABOR1 MUTUAL AID1 ECONOMIC /RUGGLE4 

,TEXT 3 

,PAMPHLET PUBLI%$ BY ,MO!R ,E>? ,PUBLI%+ ,ASSOCIATION1 #ee ,WE/ #b#h? ,/REET1 ,NEW ,YORK1 #aiac 
   
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,! ,MOD]N ,M5ACE TO ,CAPITALISM 

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,PRICE ,FIVE ,C5TS 

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,PHOTO BY ,ALEJ&RO 7,ALEX7 ,QU9ONES1,C,C ,B,Y-,N,C ,LIC5SE ,9 VIEW ( ! FACT ?AT ! IDEAS EMBODI$ 9 ,SYNDICALISM HAVE BE5 PRACTIC$ BY ! WORK]S = ! LA/ HALF C5TURY1 EV5 IF )\T ! BACKGR\ND ( SOCIAL CONSCI\SNESS2 ?AT 9 ?IS C\NTRY FIVE M5 HAD TO PAY ) !IR LIVES BECAUSE !Y ADVOCAT$ ,SYNDICALI/ ME?ODS AS ! MO/ EFFECTIVE1 9 ! /RUGGLE ( LABOR AGA9/ CAPITAL2 & ?AT1 FUR!RMORE1 ,SYNDICALISM HAS BE5 CONSCI\SLY PRACTIC$ BY ! WORK]S ( ,FRANCE1 ,ITALY & ,SPA9 S9CE #a#h#i#e1 IT IS RA!R AMUS+ TO WITNESS SOME PEOPLE 9 ,AM]ICA & ,5GL& N[ SWOOP+ D[N UPON ,SYNDICALISM AS A P]FECTLY NEW & NEV] BE=E HE>D-( PROPOSITION4  

 ,IT IS A/ONI%+ H[ V]Y NAIVE ,AM]ICANS >E1 H[ CRUDE & IMMATURE 9 MATT]S ( 9T]NATIONAL IMPORTANCE4 ,= ALL HIS BOA/$ PRACTICAL APTITUDE1 ! AV]AGE ,AM]ICAN IS ! V]Y LA/ TO LE>N ( ! MOD]N MEANS & TACTICS EMPLOY$ 9 ! GREAT /RUGGLES ( HIS DAY4 ,ALWAYS HE LAGS BEH9D 9 IDEAS & ME?ODS ?AT ! ,EUROPEAN WORK]S HAVE = YE>S PA/ BE5 APPLY+ ) GREAT SUCCESS4  

 ,IT MAY BE CONT5D$1 ( C\RSE1 ?AT ?IS IS M]ELY A SIGN ( Y\? ON ! P>T ( ! ,AM]ICAN4 ,& IT IS 9DE$ BEAUTIFUL TO POSSESS A Y\NG M9D1 FRE% TO RECEIVE & P]CEIVE4 ,BUT UN=TUNATELY ! ,AM]ICAN M9D SEEMS NEV] TO GR[1 TO MATURE & CRY/ALLIZE ITS VIEWS4  

 ,P]HAPS ?AT IS :Y AN ,AM]ICAN REVOLUTIONI/ CAN AT ! SAME TIME BE A POLITICIAN4 ,?AT IS ALSO ! REASON :Y LEAD]S ( ! ,9DU/RIAL ,WORK]S ( ! ,WORLD CONT9UE 9 ! ,SOCIALI/ P>TY1 :I* IS ANTAGONI/IC TO ! PR9CIPLES AS WELL AS TO ! ACTIVITIES ( ! ,I4 ,W4 ,W4 ,ALSO :Y A RIGID ,M>XIAN MAY PROPOSE ?AT ! ,AN>*I/S WORK TOGE!R ) ! FACTION ?AT BEGAN ITS C>E] BY A MO/ BITT] & MALICI\S P]SECUTION ( ONE ( ! PIONE]S ( ,AN>*ISM1 ,MI*AEL ,BAKUN94 ,9 %ORT1 TO ! 9DEF9ITE1 UNC]TA9 M9D ( ! ,AM]ICAN RADICAL ! MO/ CONTRADICTORY IDEAS & ME?ODS >E POSSIBLE4 ,! RESULT IS A SAD *AOS 9 ! RADICAL MOVEM5T1 A SORT ( 9TELLECTUAL HA%1 :I* HAS NEI!R TA/E NOR *>ACT]4 

,JU/ AT PRES5T ,SYNDICALISM IS ! PA/IME ( A GREAT MANY ,AM]ICANS1 SO-CALL$ 9TELLECTUALS4 ,NOT ?AT !Y KN[ ANY?+ AB\T IT1 EXCEPT ?AT SOME GREAT AU?ORITIES --- ,SOREL1 ,LAG>DELLE1 ,B]? & O!RS --- /& = IT3 BECAUSE ! ,AM]ICAN NE$S ! SEAL ( AU?ORITY1 OR HE W\LD NOT ACCEPT AN IDEA1 NO MATT] H[ TRUE & VALUABLE IT MI<T BE4 

,\R B\RGEOIS MAGAZ9ES >E FULL ( DISS]TATIONS ON ,SYNDICALISM4 ,ONE ( \R MO/ CONS]VATIVE COLLEGES HAS EV5 GONE TO ! EXT5T ( PUBLI%+ A WORK ( ONE ( ITS /UD5TS ON ! SUBJECT1 :I* HAS ! APPROVAL ( A PR(ESSOR4 ,& ALL ?IS1 NOT BECAUSE ,SYNDICALISM IS A =CE & IS BE+ SUCCESSFULLY PRACTIC$ BY ! WORK]S ( ,EUROPE1 BUT BECAUSE --- AS ,I SAID BE=E --- IT HAS (FICIAL AU?ORITATIVE SANCTION4 

,AS IF ,SYNDICALISM HAD BE5 DISCOV]$ BY ! PHILOSOPHY ( ,B]GSON OR ! !ORETIC DISC\RSES ( ,SOREL & ,B]?1 & HAD NOT EXI/$ & LIV$ AMONG ! WORK]S LONG BE=E !SE M5 WROTE AB\T IT4 ,! FEATURE :I* DI/+UI%ES ,SYNDICALISM FROM MO/ PHILOSOPHIES IS ?AT IT REPRES5TS ! REVOLUTION>Y PHILOSOPHY ( LABOR CONCEIV$ & BORN 9 ! ACTUAL /RUGGLE & EXP]I5CE ( ! WORK]S !MSELVES --- NOT 9 UNIV]SITIES1 COLLEGES1 LIBR>IES1 OR 9 ! BRA9 ( SOME SCI5TI/S4 ,! REVOLUTION>Y PHILOSOPHY ( LABOR1 ?AT IS ! TRUE & VITAL MEAN+ ( ,SYNDICALISM4 

,ALREADY AS F> BACK AS #ahdh A L>GE SECTION ( ! WORK]S REALIZ$ ! UTT] FUTILITY ( POLITICAL ACTIVITY AS A MEANS ( HELP+ !M 9 !IR ECONOMIC /RUGGLE4 ,AT ?AT TIME ALREADY ! DEM& W5T =? = DIRECT ECONOMIC MEASURES1 AS AGA9/ ! USELESS WA/E ( 5]GY ALONG POLITICAL L9ES4 ,?IS WAS ! CASE NOT ONLY 9 ,FRANCE1 BUT EV5 PRIOR TO ?AT 9 ,5GL&1 :]E ,ROB]T ,[51 ! TRUE REVOLUTION>Y ,SOCIALI/1 PROPAGAT$ SIMIL> IDEAS4 

,AFT] YE>S ( AGITATION & EXP]IM5T ! IDEA WAS 9CORPORAT$ BY ! FIR/ CONV5TION ( ! 9T]NATIONALE1 9 #a#h#f#g1 9 ! RESOLUTION ?AT ! ECONOMIC EMANCIPATION ( ! WORK]S MU/ BE ! PR9CIPAL AIM ( ALL REVOLUTIONI/S1 TO :I* EV]Y?+ ELSE IS TO BE SUBORD9AT$4 

,9 FACT1 IT WAS ?IS DET]M9$ RADICAL /& :I* EV5TUALLY BR\<T AB\T ! SPLIT 9 ! REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5T ( ?AT DAY1 & ITS DIVISION 9TO TWO FACTIONS3 ! ONE1 UND] ,M>X & ,5GELS1 AIM+ AT POLITICAL CONQUE/2 ! O!R1 UND] ,BAKUN9 & ! ,LAT9 WORK]S1 =G+ AHEAD ALONG 9DU/RIAL & ,SYNDICALI/ L9ES4 ,! FUR!R DEVELOPM5T ( ?OSE TWO W+S IS FAMILI> TO EV]Y ?9K+ MAN & WOMAN3 ! ONE HAS GRADUALLY C5TRALIZ$ 9TO A HUGE MA*9E1 ) ! SOLE PURPOSE ( CONQU]+ POLITICAL P[] )9 ! EXI/+ CAPITALI/ ,/ATE2 ! O!R IS BECOM+ AN EV] MORE VITAL REVOLUTION>Y FACTOR1 DREAD$ BY ! 5EMY AS ! GREATE/ M5ACE TO ITS RULE4 

,IT WAS 9 ! YE> #ai :ILE A DELEGATE TO ! ,AN>*I/ ,CONGRESS 9 ,P>IS1 ?AT ,I FIR/ CAME 9 CONTACT ) ,SYNDICALISM 9 OP]ATION4 ,! ,AN>*I/ PRESS HAD BE5 DISCUSS+ ! SUBJECT = YE>S PRIOR TO ?AT2 !RE=E WE ,AN>*I/S KNEW SOME?+ AB\T ,SYNDICALISM4 ,BUT ?OSE ( US :O LIV$ 9 ,AM]ICA HAD TO CONT5T !MSELVES ) ! !ORETIC SIDE ( IT4 

,9 #a#i1 H[EV]1 ,I SAW ITS EFFECT UPON LABOR 9 ,FRANCE3 ! /R5G?1 ! 5?USIASM & HOPE ) :I* ,SYNDICALISM 9SPIR$ ! WORK]S4 ,IT WAS ALSO MY GOOD =TUNE TO LE>N ( ! MAN :O MORE ?AN ANYONE ELSE HAD DIRECT$ ,SYNDICALISM 9TO DEF9ITE WORK+ *ANNELS1 ,F]N& ,PELL\TI]4 ,UN=TUNATELY1 ,I C\LD NOT MEET ?IS REM>KABLE Y\NG MAN1 AS HE WAS AT ?AT TIME ALREADY V]Y ILL ) CANC]4 ,BUT :]EV] ,I W5T1 ) :OMEV] ,I SPOKE1 ! LOVE & DEVOTION = ,PELL\TI] WAS WOND]FUL1 ALL AGREE+ ?AT IT WAS HE :O HAD GA!R$ ! DISCONT5T$ =CES 9 ! ,FR5* LABOR MOVEM5T & IMBU$ !M ) NEW LIFE & A NEW PURPOSE1 ?AT ( ,SYNDICALISM4 

,ON MY RETURN TO ,AM]ICA ,I IMM$IATELY BEGAN TO PROPAGATE ,SYNDICALI/ IDEAS1 ESPECIALLY ,DIRECT ,ACTION & ! ,G5]AL ,/RIKE4 ,BUT IT WAS LIKE TALK+ TO ! ,ROCKY ,M\NTA9S --- NO UND]/&+1 EV5 AMONG ! MORE RADICAL ELEM5TS1 & COMPLETE 9DIFF]5CE 9 LABOR RANKS4 

,9 #aig ,I W5T AS A DELEGATE TO ! ,AN>*I/ ,CONGRESS AT ,AM/]DAM &1 :ILE 9 ,P>IS1 MET ! MO/ ACTIVE ,SYNDICALI/S 9 ! ,CONF$]ATION ,G5]ALE AN ,TRAVAIL3 ,P\GET1 ,DELESALLE1 ,MONATTE1 & MANY O!RS4 ,MORE ?AN ?AT1 ,I HAD ! OPPORTUNITY TO SEE ,SYNDICALISM 9 DAILY OP]ATION1 9 ITS MO/ CON/RUCTIVE & 9SPIR+ =MS4 

,I ALLUDE TO ?IS1 TO 9DICATE ?AT MY KN[L$GE ( ,SYNDICALISM DOES NOT COME FROM ,SOREL1 ,LAG>DELLE1 OR ,B]?1 BUT FROM ACTUAL CONTACT ) & OBS]VATION ( ! TREM5D\S WORK C>RI$ ON BY ! WORK]S ( ,P>IS )9 ! RANKS ( ! ,CONF$]ATION4 ,IT W\LD REQUIRE A VOLUME TO EXPLA9 9 DETAIL :AT ,SYNDICALISM IS DO+ = ! ,FR5* WORK]S4 ,9 ! ,AM]ICAN PRESS Y\ READ ONLY ( ITS RESI/IVE ME?ODS1 ( /RIKES & SABOTAGE1 ( ! CONFLICTS ( LABOR ) CAPITAL4 ,!SE >E NO D\BT V]Y IMPORTANT MATT]S1 & YET ! *IEF VALUE ( ,SYNDICALISM LIES MU* DEEP]4 ,IT LIES 9 ! CON/RUCTIVE & $UCATIONAL EFFECT UPON ! LIFE & ?\<T ( ! MASSES4 

,! FUNDAM5TAL DIFF]5CE BETWE5 ,SYNDICALISM & ! OLD TRADE UNION ME?ODS IS ?IS3 :ILE ! OLD TRADE UNIONS1 )\T EXCEPTION1 MOVE )9 ! WAGE SY/EM & CAPITALISM1 RECOGNIZ+ ! LATT] AS 9EVITABLE1 ,SYNDICALISM REPUDIATES & CONDEMNS PRES5T 9DU/RIAL >RANGEM5TS AS UNJU/ & CRIM9AL1 & HOLDS \T NO HOPE TO ! WORK] = LA/+ RESULTS FROM ?IS SY/EM4 

,( C\RSE ,SYNDICALISM1 LIKE ! OLD TRADE UNIONS1 FI<TS = IMM$IATE GA9S1 BUT IT IS NOT /UPID 5\< TO PRET5D ?AT LABOR CAN EXPECT HUMANE CONDITIONS FROM 9HUMAN ECONOMIC >RANGEM5TS 9 SOCIETY4 ,?US IT M]ELY WRE/S FROM ! 5EMY :AT IT CAN =CE HIM TO YIELD2 ON ! :OLE1 H[EV]1 ,SYNDICALISM AIMS AT1 & CONC5TRATES ITS 5]GIES UPON1 ! COMPLETE OV]?R[ ( ! WAGE SY/EM4 ,9DE$1 ,SYNDICALISM GOES FUR!R3 IT AIMS TO LIB]ATE LABOR FROM EV]Y 9/ITUTION ?AT HAS NOT = ITS OBJECT ! FREE DEVELOPM5T ( PRODUCTION = ! B5EFIT ( ALL HUMANITY4 ,9 %ORT1 ! ULTIMATE PURPOSE ( ,SYNDICALISM IS TO RECON/RUCT SOCIETY FROM ITS PRES5T C5TRALIZ$1 AU?ORITATIVE & BRUTAL /ATE TO ONE BAS$ UPON ! FREE1 F$]AT$ GR\P+ ( ! WORK]S ALONG L9ES ( ECONOMIC & SOCIAL LIB]TY4 

,) ?IS OBJECT 9 VIEW1 ,SYNDICALISM WORKS 9 TWO DIRECTIONS3 FIR/1 BY UND]M9+ ! EXI/+ 9/ITUTIONS2 SECONDLY1 BY DEVELOP+ & $UCAT+ ! WORK]S & CULTIVAT+ !IR SPIRIT ( SOLID>ITY1 TO PREP>E !M = A FULL1 FREE LIFE1 :5 CAPITALISM %ALL HAVE BE5 ABOLI%$4 

,SYNDICALISM IS1 9 ESS5CE1 ! ECONOMIC EXPRESSION ( ,AN>*ISM4 ,?AT CIRCUM/ANCE ACC\NTS = ! PRES5CE ( SO MANY ,AN>*I/S 9 ! ,SYNDICALI/ MOVEM5T4 ,LIKE ,AN>*ISM1 ,SYNDICALISM PREP>ES ! WORK]S ALONG DIRECT ECONOMIC L9ES1 AS CONSCI\S FACTORS 9 ! GREAT /RUGGLES ( TO-DAY1 AS WELL AS CONSCI\S FACTORS 9 ! TASK ( RECON/RUCT+ SOCIETY ALONG AUTONOM\S 9DU/RIAL L9ES1 AS AGA9/ ! P>ALYZ+ SPIRIT ( C5TRALIZATION ) ITS BUREAUCRATIC MA*9]Y ( CORRUPTION1 9H]5T 9 ALL POLITICAL P>TIES4 

,REALIZ+ ?AT ! DIAMETRICALLY OPPOS$ 9T]E/S ( CAPITAL & LABOR CAN NEV] BE RECONCIL$1 ,SYNDICALISM MU/ NE$S REPUDIATE ! OLD RU/ICAT$1 WORN-\T ME?ODS ( TRADE UNIONISM1 & DECL>E = AN OP5 W> AGA9/ ! CAPITALI/ REGIME1 AS WELL AS AGA9/ EV]Y 9/ITUTION :I* TO-DAY SUPPORTS & PROTECTS CAPITALISM4 

,AS A LOGICAL SEQU5CE ,SYNDICALISM1 9 ITS DAILY W>F>E AGA9/ CAPITALISM1 REJECTS ! CONTRACT SY/EM1 BECAUSE IT DOES NOT CONSID] LABOR & CAPITAL EQUALS1 H5CE CANNOT CONS5T TO AN AGREEM5T :I* ! ONE HAS ! P[] TO BREAK1 :ILE ! O!R MU/ SUBMIT TO )\T R$RESS4 

,= SIMIL> REASONS ,SYNDICALISM REJECTS NEGOTIATIONS 9 LABOR DISPUTES1 BECAUSE SU* A PROC$URE S]VES ONLY TO GIVE ! 5EMY TIME TO PREP>E HIS 5D ( ! FI<T1 ?US DEFEAT+ ! V]Y OBJECT ! WORK]S SET \T TO ACCOMPLI%4 ,ALSO1 ,SYNDICALISM /&S = SPONTANEITY1 BO? AS A PRES]V] ( ! FI<T+ /R5G? ( LABOR & ALSO BECAUSE IT TAKES ! 5EMY UNAW>ES1 H5CE COMPELS HIM TO A SPE$Y SETTLEM5T OR CAUSES HIM GREAT LOSS4 

,SYNDICALISM OBJECTS TO A L>GE UNION TREASURY1 BECAUSE MONEY IS AS CORRUPT+ AN ELEM5T 9 ! RANKS ( LABOR AS IT IS 9 ?OSE ( CAPITALISM4 ,WE 9 ,AM]ICA KN[ ?IS TO BE ONLY TOO TRUE4 ,IF ! LABOR MOVEM5T 9 ?IS C\NTRY W]E NOT BACK$ BY SU* L>GE FUNDS1 IT W\LD NOT BE AS CONS]VATIVE AS IT IS1 NOR W\LD ! LEAD]S BE SO READILY CORRUPT$4 ,H[EV]1 ! MA9 REASON = ! OPPOSITION ( ,SYNDICALISM TO L>GE TREASURIES CONSI/S 9 ! FACT ?AT !Y CREATE CLASS DI/9CTIONS & JEAL\SIES )9 ! RANKS ( LABOR1 SO DETRIM5TAL TO ! SPIRIT ( SOLID>ITY4 ,! WORK] :OSE ORGANIZATION HAS A L>GE PURSE CONSID]S HIMSELF SUP]IOR TO HIS POOR] BRO!R1 JU/ AS HE REG>DS HIMSELF BETT] ?AN ! MAN :O E>NS FIFTY C5TS LESS P] DAY4 

,! *IEF E?ICAL VALUE ( ,SYNDICALISM CONSI/S 9 ! /RESS IT LAYS UPON ! NECESSITY ( LABOR GETT+ RID ( ! ELEM5T ( DISS5SION1 P>ASITISM & CORRUPTION 9 ITS RANKS4 ,IT SEEKS TO CULTIVATE DEVOTION1 SOLID>ITY & 5?USIASM1 :I* >E F> MORE ESS5TIAL & VITAL 9 ! ECONOMIC /RUGGLE ?AN MONEY4 

,AS ,I HAVE ALREADY /AT$1 ,SYNDICALISM HAS GR[N \T ( ! DISAPPO9TM5T ( ! WORK]S ) POLITICS & P>LIAM5T>Y ME?ODS4 ,9 ! C\RSE ( ITS DEVELOPM5T ,SYNDICALISM HAS LE>N$ TO SEE 9 ! ,/ATE --- ) ITS M\?PIECE1 ! REPRES5TATIVE SY/EM --- ONE ( ! /RONGE/ SUPPORTS ( CAPITALISM2 JU/ AS IT HAS LE>N$ ?AT ! >MY & ! *UR* >E ! *IEF PILL>S ( ! ,/ATE4 ,IT IS !RE=E ?AT ,SYNDICALISM HAS TURN$ ITS BACK UPON P>LIAM5T>ISM & POLITICAL MA*9ES1 & HAS SET ITS FACE T[>D ! ECONOMIC >5A :]E9 ALONE GLADIATOR ,LABOR CAN MEET HIS FOE SUCCESSFULLY4 

,HI/ORIC EXP]I5CE SU/A9S ! ,SYNCLICALI/S 9 !IR UNCOMPROMIS+ OPPOSITION TO P>LIAM5T>ISM4 ,MANY HAD 5T]$ POLITICAL LIFE &1 UNWILL+ TO BE CORRUPT$ BY ! ATMOSPH]E1 )DREW FROM (FICE1 TO DEVOTE !MSELVES TO ! ECONOMIC /RUGGLE --- ,PR\DHON1 ! ,DUT* REVOLUTIONI/ ,NIEUW5HUIS1 ,JOHN ,MO/ & NUM]\S O!RS4 ,:ILE ?OSE :O REMA9$ 9 ! P>LIAM5T>Y QUAGMIRE 5D$ BY BETRAY+ !IR TRU/1 )\T HAV+ GA9$ ANY?+ = LABOR4 ,BUT IT IS UNNECESS>Y TO DISCUSS H]E POLITICAL HI/ORY4 ,SUFFICE TO SAY ?AT ,SYNDICALI/S >E ANTI-P>L>N5T>IANS AS A RESULT ( BITT] EXP]I5CE 

,EQUALLY SO HAS EXP]I5CE DET]M9$ !IR ANTI-MILIT>Y ATTITUDE4 ,TIME & AGA9 HAS ! >MY BE5 US$ TO %OOT D[N /RIK]S & TO 9CULCATE ! SICK5+ IDEA ( PATRIOTISM1 = ! PURPOSE ( DIVID+ ! WORK]S AGA9/ !MSELVES & HELP+ ! MA/]S TO ! SPOILS4 ,! 9ROADS ?AT ,SYNDICALI/ AGITATION HAS MADE 9TO ! SUP]/ITION ( PATRIOTISM >E EVID5T FROM ! DREAD ( ! RUL+ CLASS = ! LOYALTY ( ! >MY1 & ! RIGID P]SECUTION ( ! ANTI-MILIT>I/S4 ,NATURAILLY --- = ! RUL+ CLASS REALIZES MU* BETT] ?AN ! WORK]S ?AT :5 ! SOLDI]S WILL REFUSE TO OBEY !IR SUP]IORS1 ! :OLE SY/EM ( CAPITALISM WILL BE DOOM$4 

,9DE$1 :Y %\LD ! WORK]S SACRIFICE !IR *ILDR5 ?AT ! LATT] MAY BE US$ TO %OOT !IR [N P>5TS8 ,!RE=E ,SYNDICALISM IS NOT M]ELY LOGICAL 9 ITS ANTI-MILIT>Y AGITATION2 IT IS MO/ PRACTICAL & F>-REA*+1 9ASMU* AS IT ROBS ! 5EMY ( HIS /RONGE/ WEAPON AGA9/ LABOR4 

,N[1 AS TO ! ME?ODS EMPLOY$ BY ,SYNDICALISM --- ,DIRECT ,ACTION1 ,SABOTAGE1 & ! ,G5]AL ,/RIKE4 

,D,I,R,E,C,T ,A,C,T,I,O,N4---,CONSCI\S 9DIVIDUAL OR COLLECTIVE EF=T TO PROTE/ AGA9/1 OR REM$Y SOCIAL CONDITIONS ?R\< ! SY/EMATIC ASS]TION ( ! ECONOMIC P[] ( ! WORK]S4 

,SABOTAGE HAS BE5 DECRI$ AS CRIM9AL1 EV5 BY SO-CALL$ REVOLUTION>Y ,SOCIALI/S4 ,( C\RSE1 IF Y\ BELIEVE ?AT PROP]TY1 :I* EXCLUDES ! PRODUC] FROM ITS USE1 IS JU/IFIABLE1 !N SABOTAGE IS 9DE$ A CRIME4 ,BUT UNLESS A ,SOCIALI/ CONT9UES TO BE UND] ! 9FLU5CE ( \R B\RGEOIS MORALITY --- A MORALITY :I* 5ABLES ! FEW TO MONOPOLIZE ! E>? AT ! EXP5SE ( ! MANY --- HE CANNOT CONSI/5TLY MA9TA9 ?AT CAPITALI/ PROP]TY IS 9VIOLATE4 ,SABOTAGE UND]M9ES ?IS =M ( PRIVATE POSSESSION4 ,CAN IT !RE=E BE CONSID]$ CRIM9AL8 ,ON ! CONTR>Y1 IT IS E?ICAL 9 ! BE/ S5SE1 S9CE IT HELPS SOCIETY TO GET RID ( ITS WOR/ FOE1 ! MO/ DETRIM5TAL FACTOR ( SOCIAL LIFE4 

,SABOTAGE IS MA9LY CONC]N$ ) OB/RUCT+1 BY EV]Y POSSIBLE ME?OD1 ! REGUL> PROCESS ( PRODUCTION1 !REBY DEMON/RAT+ ! DET]M9ATION ( ! WORK]S TO GIVE ACCORD+ TO :AT !Y RECEIVE1 & NO MORE4 ,= 9/ANCE1 AT ! TIME ( ! ,FR5* RAILROAD /RIKE ( #aia P]I%ABLE GOODS W]E S5T 9 SL[ TRA9S1 OR 9 AN OPPOSITE DIRECTION FROM ! ONE 9T5D$4 ,:O BUT ! MO/ ORD9>Y PHILI/9E WILL CALL ?AT A CRIME8 ,IF ! RAILWAY M5 !MSELVES GO HUNGRY1 & ! 09NOC5T0 PUBLIC HAS NOT 5\< FEEL+ ( SOLID>ITY TO 9SI/ ?AT !SE M5 %\LD GET 5\< TO LIVE ON1 ! PUBLIC HAS =FEIT$ ! SYMPA?Y ( ! /RIK]S & MU/ TAKE ! CONSEQU5CES4 

,ANO!R =M ( SABOTAGE CONSI/$1 DUR+ ?IS /RIKE1 9 PLAC+ HEAVY BOXES ON GOODS M>K$ 0,H&LE ) C>E10 CUT GLASS & *9A & PRECI\S W9ES4 ,FROM ! /&PO9T ( ! LAW ?IS MAY HAVE BE5 A CRIME BUT FROM ! /&PO9T ( COMMON HUMANITY IT WAS A V]Y S5SIBLE ?+4 ,! SAME IS TRUE ( DIS>RANG+ A LOOM 9 A WEAV+ MILL1 OR LIV+ UP TO ! LETT] ( ! LAW ) ALL ITS R$ TAPE1 AS ! ,ITALIAN RAILWAY M5 DID1 !REBY CAUS+ CONFUSION 9 ! RAILWAY S]VICE4 ,9 O!R WORDS1 SABOTAGE IS M]ELY A WEAPON ( DEF5SE 9 ! 9DU/RIAL W>F>E1 :I* IS ! MORE EFFECTIVE BECAUSE IT T\*ES CAPITALISM 9 ITS MO/ VITAL SPOT1 ! POCKET4 

,BY ! ,G5]AL ,/RIKE1 ,SYNDICALISM MEANS A /OPPAGE ( WORK1 ! CESSATION ( LABOR4 ,NOR NE$ SU* A /RIKE BE PO/PON$ UNTIL ALL ! WORK]S ( A P>TICUL> PLACE OR C\NTRY >E READY = IT4 ,AS HAS BE5 PO9T$ \T BY ,PELL\TI]1 ,P\GET1 AS WELL AS O!RS1 & P>TICUL>LY BY REC5T EV5TS 9 ,5GL&1 ! ,G5]AL ,/RIKE MAY BE />T$ BY ONE 9DU/RY & EX]T A TREM5D\S =CE4 ,IT IS AS IF ONE MAN SUDD5LY RAIS$ ! CRY 0,/OP ! ?IEF60 ,IMM$IATELY O!RS WILL TAKE UP ! CRY1 TILL ! AIR R+S ) IT4 ,! ,G5]AL ,/RIKE1 9ITIAT$ BY ONE DET]M9$ ORGANIZATION1 BY ONE 9DU/RY OR BY A SMALL1 CONSCI\S M9ORITY AMONG ! WORK]S1 IS ! 9DU/RIAL CRY ( 0,/OP ! ?IEF10 :I* IS SOON TAK5 UP BY MANY O!R 9DU/RIES1 SPREAD+ LIKE WILDFIRE 9 A V]Y1 %ORT TIME4 

,ONE ( ! OBJECTIONS ( POLITICIANS TO ! ,G5]AL ,/RIKE IS ?AT ! WORK]S ALSO W\LD SUFF] = ! NECESS>IES ( LIFE4 ,9 ! FIR/ PLACE1 ! WORK]S >E PA/ MA/]S 9 GO+ HUNGRY2 SECONDLY1 IT IS C]TA9 ?AT A ,G5]AL ,/RIKE IS SUR] ( PROMPT SETTLEM5T ?AN AN ORD9>Y /RIKE4 ,WITNESS ! TRANSPORT & M9] /RIKES 9 ,5GL&3 H[ QUICKLY ! LORDS ( ,/ATE & CAPITAL W]E =C$ TO MAKE PEACE6 ,BESIDES1 ,SYNDICALISM RECOGNIZES ! RI<T ( ! PRODUC]S TO ! ?+S :I* !Y HAVE CREAT$2 NAMELY1 ! RI<T ( ! WORK]S TO HELP !MSELVES IF ! /RIKE DOES NOT MEET ) SPE$Y SETTLEM5T4 

,:5 ,SOREL MA9TA9S ?AT ! ,G5]AL ,/RIKE IS AN 9SPIRATION NECESS>Y = ! PEOPLE TO GIVE !IR LIFE MEAN+1 HE IS EXPRESS+ A ?\<T :I* ! ,AN>*I/S HAVE NEV] TIR$ ( EMPHASIZ+4 ,YET ,I DO NOT HOLD ) ,SOREL ?AT ! ,G5]AL ,/RIKE IS A 0SOCIAL MY?10 ?AT MAY NEV] BE REALIZ$4 ,I ?9K ?AT ! ,G5]AL ,/RIKE WILL BECOME A FACT ! MOM5T LABOR UND]/&S ITS FULL VALUE --- ITS DE/RUCTIVE AS WELL AS CON/RUCTIVE VALUE1 AS 9DE$ MANY WORK]S ALL OV] ! WORLD >E BEG9N+ TO REALIZE4 

,!SE IDEAS & ME?ODS ( ,SYNDICALISM SOME MAY CONSID] 5TIRELY NEGATIVE1 ?\< !Y >E F> FROM IT 9 !IR EFFECT UPON SOCIETY TO-DAY4 ,BUT ,SYNDICALISM HAS ALSO A DIRECTLY POSITIVE ASPECT4 ,9 FACT1 MU* MORE TIME & EF=T IS BE+ DEVOT$ TO ?AT PHASE ?AN TO ! O!RS4 ,V>I\S =MS ( ,SYNDICALI/ ACTIVITY >E DESIGN$ TO PREP>E ! WORK]S1 EV5 )9 PRES5T SOCIAL & 9DU/RIAL CONDITIONS1 = ! LIFE ( A NEW & BETT] SOCIETY4 ,TO ?AT 5D ! MASSES >E TRA9$ 9 ! SPIRIT ( MUTUAL AID & BRO!RHOOD1 !IR 9ITIATIVE & SELF-RELIANCE DEVELOP$1 & AN ESPRIT DE CORPS MA9TA9$ :OSE V]Y S\L IS SOLID>ITY ( PURPOSE & ! COMMUNITY ( 9T]E/S ( ! 9T]NATIONAL PROLET>IAT4 

,*IEF AMONG !SE ACTIVITIES >E ! MUTUALITEES1 OR MUTUAL AID SOCIETIES1 E/ABLI%$ BY ! ,FR5* ,SYNDICALI/S4 ,!IR OBJECT IS1 =EMO/1 TO SECURE WORK = UNEMPLOY$ MEMB]S1 & TO FUR!R ?AT SPIRIT ( MUTUAL ASSI/ANCE :I* RE/S UPON ! CONSCI\SNESS ( LABOR'S ID5TITY ( 9T]E/S ?R\<\T ! WORLD4 

,9 HIS 0,! ,LABOR ,MOVEM5T 9 ,FRANCE10 ,MR4 ,L4 ,LEV9E /ATES ?AT DUR+ ! YE> #aib OV] #g#d1 WORK]S1 \T ( A TOTAL ( #i#i1 APPLICANTS1 W]E PROVID$ ) WORK BY !SE SOCIETIES1 )\T BE+ COMPELL$ TO SUBMIT TO ! EXTORTION ( ! EMPLOYM5T BUREAU %>KS4 

,!SE LATT] >E A S\RCE ( ! DEEPE/ DEGRADATION1 AS WELL AS ( MO/ %AMELESS EXPLOITATION1 ( ! WORK]4 ,ESPECIALLY DOES IT HOLD TRUE ( ,AM]ICA1 :]E ! EMPLOYM5T AG5CIES >E 9 MANY CASES ALSO MASK$ DETECTIVE AG5CIES1 SUPPLY+ WORK]S 9 NE$ ( EMPLOYM5T TO /RIKE REGIONS1 UND] FALSE PROMISES ( /EADY1 REMUN]ATIVE EMPLOYM5T4 

,! ,FR5* ,CONF$]ATION HAD LONG REALIZ$ ! VICI\S ROLE ( EMPLOYM5T AG5CIES AS LEE*ES UPON ! JOBLESS WORK] & NURS]IES ( SCABB]Y4 ,BY ! ?REAT ( A ,G5]AL ,/RIKE ! ,FR5* ,SYNDICALI/S =C$ ! GOV]NM5T TO ABOLI% ! EMPLOYM5T BUREAU %>KS1 & ! WORK]S' [N MUTUALITEES HAVE ALMO/ 5TIRELY SUP]S$$ !M1 TO ! GREAT ECONOMIC & MORAL ADVANTAGE ( LABOR4 

,BESIDES ! MUTUALITEES1 ! ,FR5* ,SYNDICALI/S HAVE E/ABLI%$ O!R ACTIVITIES T5D+ TO WELD LABOR 9 CLOS] BONDS ( SOLID>ITY & MUTUAL AID4 ,AMONG !SE >E ! EF=TS TO ASSI/ WORK+M5 J\RNEY+ FROM PLACE TO PLACE4 ,! PRACTICAL AS WELL AS E?ICAL VALUE ( SU* ASSI/ANCE IS 9E/IMABLE4 ,IT S]VES TO 9/ILL ! SPIRIT ( FELL[%IP & GIVES A S5SE ( SECURITY 9 ! FEEL+ ( ON5ESS ) ! L>GE FAMILY ( LABOR4 ,?IS IS ONE ( ! VITAL EFFECTS ( ! ,SYNDICALI/ SPIRIT 9 ,FRANCE & O!R ,LAT9 C\NTRIES4 ,:AT A TREM5D\S NE$ !RE IS = JU/ SU* EF=TS 9 ?IS C\NTRY6 ,CAN ANYONE D\BT ! SIGNIFICANCE ( ! CONSCI\SNESS ( WORK+M5 COM+ FROM ,*ICAGO1 = 9/ANCE1 TO ,NEW ,YORK1 SURE TO F9D !RE AMONG !IR COMRADES WELCOME LODG+ & FOOD UNTIL !Y HAVE SECUR$ EMPLOYM5T8 ,?IS =M ( ACTIVITY IS 5TIRELY =EIGN TO ! LABOR BODIES ( ?IS C\NTRY1 & AS A RESULT ! TRAVEL+ WORKMAN 9 SE>* ( A JOB --- ! 0BLANKET /IFF0 --- IS CON/ANTLY AT ! M]CY ( ! CON/ABLE & POLICEMAN1 A VICTIM ( ! VAGRANCY LAWS1 & ! UN=TUNATE MAT]IAL :5CE IS RECRUIT$1 ?R\< /RESS ( NECESSITY1 ! >MY ( SCABDOM4 

,I HAVE REPEAT$LY WITNESS$1 :ILE AT ! HEADQU>T]S ( ! ,CONF$]ATION1 ! CASES ( WORK+M5 :O CAME ) !IR UNION C>DS FROM V>I\S P>TS ( ,FRANCE1 & EV5 FROM O!R C\NTRIES ( ,EUROPE1 & W]E SUPPLI$ ) MEALS & LODG+1 & 5C\RAG$ BY EV]Y EVID5CE ( BRO!RLY SPIRIT1 & MADE TO FEEL AT HOME BY !IR FELL[ WORK]S ( ! ,CONF$]ATION4 ,IT IS DUE1 TO A GREAT EXT5T1 TO !SE ACTIVITIES ( ! ,SYNCLICALI/S ?AT ! ,FR5* GOV]NM5T IS =C$ TO EMPLOY ! >MY = /RIKEBREAK+1 BECAUSE FEW WORK]S >E WILL+ TO L5D !MSELVES = SU* S]VICE1 ?ANKS TO ! EF=TS & TACTICS ( ,SYNDICALISM4 

,NO LESS 9 IMPORTANCE ?AN ! MUTUAL AID ACTIVITIES ( ! ,SYNDICALI/S IS ! COOP]ATION E/ABLI%$ BY !M BETWE5 ! CITY1 5D ! C\NTRY1 ! FACTORY WORK] & ! PEASANT OR F>M]1 ! LATT] PROVID+ ! WORK]S ) FOOD SUPPLIES DUR+ /RIKES1 OR TAK+ C>E ( ! /RIK]S' *ILDR54 ,?IS =M ( PRACTICAL SOLID>ITY HAS = ! FIR/ TIME BE5 TRI$ 9 ?IS C\NTRY DUR+ ! ,LAWR5CE /RIKE1 ) 9SPIR+ RESULTS4 

,& ALL !SE ,SYNDICALI/ ACTIVITIES >E P]MEAT$ ) ! SPIRIT ( $UCATIONAL WORK1 C>RI$ ON SY/EMATICALLY BY EV5+ CLASSES ON ALL VITAL SUBJECTS TREAT$ FROM AN UNBIAS$1 LIB]T>IAN /&PO9T --- NOT ! ADULT]AT$ 0KN[L$GE0 ) :I* ! M9DS >E /UFF$ 9 \R PUBLIC S*OOLS4 ,! SCOPE ( ! $UCATION IS TRULY PH5OM5AL1 9CLUD+ SEX HYGI5E1 ! C>E ( WOM5 DUR+ PREGNANCY & CONF9EM5T1 ! C>E ( HOME & *ILDR51 SANITATION & G5]AL HYGI5E2 9 FACT1 EV]Y BRAN* ( HUMAN KN[L$GE --- SCI5CE1 HI/ORY1 >T --- RECEIVES ?OR\< ATT5TION1 TOGE!R ) ! PRACTICAL APPLICATION 9 ! E/ABLI%$ WORK+M5'S LIBR>IES1 DISP5S>IES1 CONC]TS & FE/IVALS1 9 :I* ! GREATE/ >TI/S & LIT]ATI ( ,P>IS CONSID] IT AN HONOR TO P>TICIPATE4 

,ONE ( ! MO/ VITAL EF=TS ( ,SYNDICALISM IS TO PREP>E ! WORK]S1 N[1 = !IR ROLE 9 A FREE SOCIETY1 ,?US ! ,SYNDICALI/ ORGANIZATIONS SUPPLY ITS MEMB]S ) TEXTBOOKS ON EV]Y TRADE & 9DU/RY1 ( A *>ACT] ?AT IS CALCULAT$ TO MAKE ! WORK] AN ADEPT 9 HIS *OS5 L9E1 A MA/] ( HIS CRAFT1 = ! PURPOSE ( FAMILI>IZ+ HIM ) ALL ! BRAN*ES ( HIS 9DU/RY1 SO ?AT :5 LABOR F9ALLY TAKES OV] PRODUCTION & DI/RIBUTION1 ! PEOPLE WILL BE FULLY PREP>$ TO MANAGE SUCCESSFULLY !IR [N AFFAIRS4 

,A DEMON/RATION ( ! EFFECTIV5ESS ( ?IS $UCATIONAL CAMPAIGN ( ,SYNDICALISM IS GIV5 BY ! RAILROAD M5 ( ,ITALY1 :OSE MA/]Y ( ALL ! DETAILS ( TRANSPORTATION IS SO GREAT ?AT !Y C\LD (F] TO ! ,ITALIAN GOV]NM5T TO TAKE OV] ! RAILROADS ( ! C\NTRY & GU>ANTEE !IR OP]ATION ) GREAT] ECONOMY & FEW] ACCID5TS ?AN IS AT PRES5T DONE BY ! GOV]NM5T4 

,!IR ABILITY TO C>RY ON PRODUCTION HAS BE5 /RIK+LY PROV$ BY ! ,SYNDICALI/S1 9 CONNECTION ) ! GLASS BL[]S' /RIKE 9 ,ITALY4 ,!RE ! /RIK]S1 9/EAD ( REMA9+ IDLE DUR+ ! PROGRESS ( ! /RIKE1 DECID$ !MSELVES TO C>RY ON ! PRODUCTION ( GLASS4 ,! WOND]FUL SPIRIT ( SOLID>ITY RESULT+ FROM ! ,SYNDICALI/ PROPAG&A 5ABL$ !M TO BUILD A GLASS FACTORY )9 AN 9CR$IBLY %ORT TIME4 ,AN OLD BUILD+1 R5T$ = ! PURPOSE & :I* W\LD HAVE ORD9>ILY REQUIR$ MON?S TO BE PUT 9TO PROP] CONDITION1 WAS TURN$ 9TO A GLASS FACTORY )9 A FEW WEEKS1 BY ! SOLID>IC EF=TS ( ! /RIK]S AID$ BY !IR COMRADES :O TOIL$ ) !M AFT] WORK+ H\RS4 ,!N ! /RIK]S BEGAN OP]AT+ ! GLASS-BL[+ FACTORY1 & !IR COOP]ATIVE PLAN ( WORK & DI/RIBUTION DUR+ ! /RIKE HAS PROV$ SO SATISFACTORY 9 EV]Y WAY ?AT ! EXP]IM5TAL FACTORY HAS BE5 MADE P]MAN5T & A P>T ( ! GLASS-BL[+ 9DU/RY 9 ,ITALY IS N[ 9 ! H&S ( ! COOP]ATIVE ORGANIZATION ( ! WORK]S4 

,?IS ME?OD ( APPLI$ $UCATION NOT ONLY TRA9S ! WORK] 9 HIS DAILY /RUGGLE BUT S]VES ALSO TO EQUIP HIM = ! BATTLE ROYAL & ! FUTURE1 :5 HE IS TO ASSUME HIS PLACE 9 SOCIETY AS AN 9TELLIG5T1 CONSCI\S BE+ & USEFUL PRODUC]1 ONCE CAPITALISM IS ABOLI%$4 

,NE>LY ALL LEAD+ ,SYNDICALI/S AGREE ) ! ,AN>*I/S ?AT A FREE SOCIETY CAN EXI/ ONLY ?R\< VOLUNT>Y ASSOCIATION1 & ?AT ITS ULTIMATE SUCCESS WILL DEP5D UPON ! 9TELLECTUAL & MORAL DEVELOPM5T ( ! WORK]S :O WILL SUPPLANT ! WAGE SY/EM ) A NEW SOCIAL >RANGEM5T1 BAS$ ON SOLID>ITY & ECONOMIC WELL-BE+ = ALL4 ,?AT IS ,SYNDICALISM1 9 !ORY & PRACTICE4 

,FROM 3 ,AN>*Y ,>*IVES4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #aiab 3 ,SYNDICALISM3 ,! ,MOD]N ,M5ACE TO ,CAPITALISM -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,JANU>Y #b#e1 #bag 3 ,SYNDICALISM3 ,! ,MOD]N ,M5ACE TO ,CAPITALISM -- ,ADD$4 
,DECEMB] #c1 #bba 3 ,SYNDICALISM3 ,! ,MOD]N ,M5ACE TO ,CAPITALISM -- ,UPDAT$4 

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