,! ,AV]AGE ,AM]ICAN 

#aice 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,ALEX&] ,B]KMAN 

,TAGS 3 CRIME 9 AM]ICA1 MODE ( LIFE1 UNIT$ /ATES1 AV]AGE AM]ICAN1 RACKETE] TRU/1 AV]AGE EUROPEAN1 AM]ICAN PROHIBITION1 EUROPEAN CONCEPTION1 OP5 CRIME1 C\NTRY-WIDE PROHIBITION4 

,TEXT 3 

  

,PHOTO BY ,JACK ,ZALIUM1,C,C ,B,Y-,N,C ,LIC5SE ,! G5]AL CONCEPTION ( ! 0TYPE0 ,AM]ICAN IS 9 ,EUROPE PICTURESQUE & NIAVE AT ! SAME TIME4  ,9 ,FRANCE AS 9 ,G]MANY1 9 ! ,NOR!RN AS 9 ! ,S\!RN C\NTRIES1 9 FACT ?R\<\T ! ,EUROPEAN ,CONT95T1 ) ! EXCEPTION ( ,5GL& P]HAPS1 ! OP9ION ( ! MAN 9 ! /REET AB\T ,AM]ICA & ,AM]ICANS IS PRIMITIVE & 9ADEQUATE4  ,FIR/ ( ALL1 ! NAME 0AN ,AM]ICAN0 IMM$IATELY SUGGE/S RI*ES1 WEAL?4  ,IT IS ALMO/ AS IF ,AM]ICAN & RI* MAN >E SYNONYMS1 AT LEA/ 9 ! VIEW ( ! AV]AGE ,EUROPEAN :O HAS NEV] BE5 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES & :O SELDOM COMES 9 DIRECT CONTACT ) ,AM]ICANS 9 ,EUROPE4 

,9 ! M9D ( MO/ PEOPLE ! ,AM]ICAN IS PICTUR$ AS SOME?+ V]Y MU* DIFF]5T FROM ! G5]AL RUN ( M54  ,HE IS V]Y EFFICI5T1 ( C\RSE1 DOES ?+S ON A L>GE SCALE1 ?R[S AWAY HIS MONEY & GA9S IT AS EASILY1 IS G5]\S & YET A GOOD B>GA9] & %>P 9 BUS9ESS AFFAIRS4  ,ON ! :OLE HE IS A D>+ 9DIVIDUAL1 EV5 RECKLESS1 9 %ORT A MAN FROM :OM UNEXPECT$ ?+S %\LD ALWAYS BE EXPECT$1 A P]SON EV5 SOME:AT IRRESPONSIBLE1 ESPECIALLY 9 HIS BEHAVIOR \TSIDE ( HIS [N C\NTRY4 

,NATURALLY1 ! ,AM]ICAN FILMS1 :I* >E SO POPUL> 9 ,EUROPE1 HAVE TO A GREAT EXT5T HELP$ TO DEVELOP & CULTIVATE ! EXAGG]AT$ & PICTURESQUE NOTIONS ( 0! ,AM]ICAN04  ,! Y\NG] ,EUROPEAN G5]ATION IMM$IATELY VISUALIZES ! ,WE/]N C[BOY1 ) GUNS 9 BO? H&S1 RID+ WILDLY & %OOT+ UP ! NE>E/ T[N AFT] ! R\ND-UP ( HIS CATTLE4  ,AM]ICAN ,PROHIBITION DEVELOPM5TS1 ) ITS RUM-RUNN+ ADV5TURES1 S9K+ ( %IPS C>RY+ ! =BIDD5 LIQUOR1 & P>TICUL>LY ! RACKETE]+ 0BUS9ESS0 & ! :OLESALE KILL+S & MURD]S BY (FICIAL & UN(FICIAL 0%OOT]S0 HAVE GREATLY /R5G!N$ ! TRADITIONAL ,EUROPEAN CONCEPTION ( 0! ,AM]ICAN04  ,M5TION ! SUBJECT ( ,AM]ICA TO ! AV]AGE ,EUROPEAN & HE IMM$IATELY ?9KS ( ,AL ,CAPONE & SIMIL> *IEFTA9S ( OP5 CRIME & KILL+S 5 GROS4 

,IT IS ( C\RSE TRUE ?AT !RE IS MORE CRIME1 PROPORTIONATELY & ABSOLUTELY1 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES ?AN ANY:]E ELSE4  ,YET IT IS EQUALLY TRUE ?AT ! AV]AGE ,AM]ICAN IS V]Y F> FROM ! ,EUROPEAN CONCEPTION AB\T HIM4 ,AS A MATT] ( FACT1 ! NOTORI\S MURD]S & RACKETE]+ 9 ,AM]ICA HAVE V]Y LITTLE RELATION TO ! AV]AGE ,AM]ICAN & TO ! GREAT MASSES ( ! POPULATION4  ,MOREOV]1 !RE IS REALLY NO SU* A TYPE AS ! AV]AGE ,AM]ICAN4 

,! 9CREASE ( OP5 CRIME 9 ,AM]ICA1 DIRECTLY TRACEABLE TO ,PROHIBITION1 IS BY NO MEANS DUE TO ANY SPECIAL & /RANGE *>ACT]I/ICS ( ! G5US ,AM]ICAN4  ,IT IS1 ON ! CONTR>Y1 DUE 5TIRELY TO C]TA9 SPECIAL CONDITIONS CREAT$ BY C\NTRY-WIDE ,PROHIBITION 9 A L& ?AT AT HE>T DOES NOT BELIEVE 9 ,PROHIBITION AS A MORAL ISSUE & DOES NOT WANT IT4  ,UND] SIMIL> CONDITIONS --- :5 AN 5TIRE C\NTRY IS =C$ BY AN UNPOPUL> LAW TO *ANGE ITS HABITUAL MODE ( LIFE1 TO DEPRIVE ITSELF ( ! ?+S & PLEASURES IT IS US$ TO HAVE --- EV]Y C\NTRY W\LD %[ ! SAME RESULTS ?AT WE SEE 9 ,AM]ICA TODAY4  ,9 ! PA/ ?IS HAS HAPP5$ 9 V>I\S P>TS ( ! WORLD1 AMONG PEOPLE ( ! MO/ DIV]SE *>ACT] & NATURE4  ,PA/ HI/ORY GIVES 5\< PRO( ( IT1 & 9 REC5T HI/ORY !RE >E ALSO 5\< MANIFE/ATIONS ( ?IS G5]AL1 UNIV]SAL HUMAN TRAIT4  ,A MO/ NATURAL TRAIT1 ( C\RSE1 & SOCIALLY CONSID]$ A V]Y JU/IFIABLE & ADMIRABLE EVID5CE ( MORAL /R5G? & WOR?4  ,!RE IS NEI!R REASON NOR PURPOSE 9 =C+ PEOPLE BY LAW TO *ANGE !IR MODE ( LIFE4  ,IF ! DESIR$ *ANGE IS = ! BETT]1 ONLY 5LI<T5M5T & $UCATION CAN BR+ AB\T A REAL & P]MAN5T *ANGE4  ,=C+ A *ANGE BY ! ?REAT ( ! LAW & PUNI%M5T ONLY RESULTS 9 ! GREATE/ H>M4  ,IT FAILS TO CONV9CE OR P]SUADE ! PEOPLE1 IT ONLY COMPELS !M4  ,BE+ COMPELL$1 !Y SEEK TO AVOID ! CONSEQU5CES ( OP5 DEFIANCE3 !Y DO 9 SECRET :AT !Y >E PROHIBIT$ FROM DO+ OP5LY4  ,!Y BECOME HYPOCRITES1 !Y LIE & *EAT2 ?IS (T5 9VOLVES WORSE CONSEQU5CES ?AN ! ORIG9AL DISOB$I5CE1 & ! RESULT IS MORE CRIME & ( A MORE S]I\S *>ACT]4  ,?AT IS :Y ! NUMB] ( KILL+S & MURD]S HAVE SO AL>M+LY 9CREAS$ 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES S9CE ! ,PROHIBITION LAW W5T 9TO EFFECT4 

,TO ! ,EUROPEAN IT MAY SEEM AS IF ! RAMPANT CRIME 9 ,AM]ICA IS *>ACT]I/IC ( ! ,AM]ICAN MAKE-UP & NATURE4  ,AS A MATT] ( FACT IT IS *>ACT]I/IC ONLY ( ! SPECIAL CONDITION RESULT+ FROM C\NTRY-WIDE ,PROHIBITION4  ,NOR IS IT ! ,AM]ICAN PEOPLE AS A :OLE ?AT >E 9VOLV$ 9 ! SO-CALL$ 0CRIME WAVE01 AS /RIK+LY ILLU/RTAT$ BY SU* CITIES AS ,*ICAGO1 ,NEW ,YORK1 ,LOS ,ANGELES & SIMIL> BIG C5T]S4  ,! PEOPLE AS A :OLE1 ! 0AV]AGE0 ,AM]ICAN1 IS 9 NO WAY DIRECTLY CONC]N$ 9 ?OSE CRIMES1 & HE IS 9T]E/$ 9 ! MATT] ONLY SO F> AS ANY AV]AGE P]SON 9 ,EUROPE W\LD BE 9T]E/$ 9 IT2 NAMELY1 TO ! EXT5T ?AT IT ?REAT5S HIS P]SON OR HIS PROP]TY4  ,IT IS AGA9 SPECIAL SOCIAL GR\PS ?AT >E DIRECTLY CONC]N$ 9 ! :OLE ,PROHIBITION & CRIME SITUATION 9 ,AM]ICA4   

,I HAVE SAID ?AT !RE IS NO 0AV]AGE0 ,AM]ICAN4  ,?AT IS DUE TO ! CIRCUM/ANCE ?AT ! PEOPLE ( ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES DIFF] FROM EA* AS WIDELY AS ! P>TS !Y LIVE 94  ,! ,NEW ,YORK] IS A DIFF]5T SPECIM5 ( MAN FROM ! ,WE/]N]2 ! LATT] IS 5TIRELY DIFF]5T AGA9 FROM ! PEOPLE ( ,TEXAS4  ,! ,MIDDLE ,WE/1 SU* ,/ATES = 9/ANCE AS ,KANSAS1 ,COLORADO1 ,NEBRASKA OR ,I[A1 HAVE AN 5TIRELY DIFF]5T PSY*OLOGY FROM ?AT ( ,FLORIDA OR ,L[] ,CALI=NIA4  ,!IR HABITS ( LIFE1 !IR MODES ( ?\<T1 EV5 !IR LANGUAGE IS DIFF]5T4  ,/ILL FUR!R1 IT MU/ ALSO BE CONSID]$ ?AT MILLIONS ( =EIGN]S & DESC5DANTS ( =EIGN BORN PEOPLE LIVE 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES & >E P>T ( ! 5TIRE POPULATION ?AT IS KN[N AS 0,AM]ICAN04  ,ADD TO ?IS MORE ?AN #a MILLION NEGROES1 NOT TO M5TION ! SCORE ( DIFF]5T ,9DIAN 7R$-SK97 TRIBES1 :O >E ! REAL1 9DIG5\S ,AM]ICANS4 ,9 ?IS CONGLOM]ATION ( RACES IT IS IMPOSSIBLE TO SPEAK ( ! 0AV]AGE0 ,AM]ICAN1 NOR CAN ANY ADEQUATE E/IMATE ( ,AM]ICAN PSY*OLOGY BE MADE ON SU* A BASIS4 

,9 ! OV] #a MILLIONS ( ! POPULATION 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES !RE IS 9DE$ A C]TA9 0TYPE0 ?AT IS DIRECTLY 9VOLV$ 9 ALL ! EVILS1 VISES & CRIMES1 9CLUD+ :OLESALE MURD]1 ?AT HAVE COME AS A RESULT ( ,PROHIBITION4  ,?IS TYPE IS NEI!R A SOCIAL CLASS ) ITS P>TICUL> & ANTAGONI/IC 9T]E/S1 NOR EV5 ANY SOCIAL GR\P4  ,! TYPE IS COMPOS$ ( MEMB]S ( DIFF]5T SOCIAL /RATA1 EV5 ( DIFF]5T 9TELLECTUAL & MORAL *>ACT] & ATTITUDE4  ,BUT !Y ALL HAVE ONE P>TICUL> 9T]E/ 9 COMMON3 TO MAKE MONEY1 (T5 GREAT =TUNES1 BY HELP+ ! PEOPLE TO BREAK ! ,PROHIBITION LAWS4  ,?IS TYPE HAS BECOME A GREAT P[]FUL TRU/ ?AT RULES ! C\NTRY ) A P[] ?AT DEFIES ! P[] ( ! ,UNIT$ ,/AT$ ,GOV]NM5T4  ,IT CAN EASILY & QUITE SAFELY DEFY IT1 = ! SIMPLE REASON ?AT 9 ?AT TRU/ BELONG SOME ( ! P[]FUL & 9FLU5TIAL (FICIALS ( ! ,GOV]NM5T ITSELF1 ( ! ,/ATE ,GOV]NM5TS AS WELL AS ( ! ,F$]AL ,GOV]NM5T4 

,I AM (T5 ASK$ H[ IT HAPP5S ?AT SU* M5 AS ,AL ,CAPONE & HIS WELL-KN[N LIEUT5ANTS1 :OSE CRIMES >E COMMITT$ 9 ! OP5 & ALMO/ DAILY1 REMA9 SAFE FROM >RE/4  ,EV5 RACKETE]S ( LESS] PROM95CE >E SELDOM >RE/$ & NEV] S5T TO PRISON4  ,AN ORD9>Y MURD]] IS QUICKLY ELECTROCUT$ 9 ,AM]ICA -- MY QUE/ION]S REM>K1 & EV5 9NOC5T M51 LIKE ,SACCO & ,VANZETTI1 :5 ONCE >RE/$ & CONVICT$1 CANNOT BE SAV$ FROM ! HANGMAN 9 ,AM]ICA4  ,H[ DOES IT HAPP51 !N -- MY ,EUROPEAN FRI5DS ASK -- ?AT SU* UNDISGUIS$ MURD]]S AS ,AL ,CAPONE >E NOT T\*$8 

,!Y >E RI<T 9 ASK+ SU* A QUE/ION4  ,TO ! \TSID]1 UNFAMILI> ) ! ,AM]ICAN ,PROHIBITION SITUATION1 ! PRES5T CONDITIONS 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES SEEM 9DE$ 9CR$IBLE & IMPOSSIBLE TO EXPLA9 OR UND]/&4  ,BUT ! ANSW] IS3 ! ALL-P[]FUL RACKETE] ,T,R,U,/4 ,AL ,CAPONE HAS NOT ONLY HIS >MY ( HELP]S1 :O >E FROM ! PR(ESSIONAL CRIM9AL RANKS1 BUT HIS *IEF AIDS >E JUDGES1 HI< POLICE (FICIALS1 PROSECUT+ ATTORNEYS & MEMB]S ( ! HI<E/ ,/ATE C\RTS4  ,! POLICE WILL NOT >RE/ HIM OR ANY ( HIS IMPORTANT 0GUN-M501 BECAUSE ,AL ,CAPONE PAYS !M TRIBUTE ) SUMS ?AT RUN 9TO ! ?\S&S ( DOLL>S4  ,AT HIS S]VICE >E JUDGES :O WILL LIB]ATE ! ,TRU/ GANG/]S IF !Y HAPP5 TO BE >RE/$1 & IF ! POPUL> \TCRY IS TOO /RONG & ! GANG/] MU/ BE TRI$1 HE WILL 9 MO/ CASES BE ACQUITT$ BY ! 09FLU5CE0 ( HIS *IEF ,CAPONE4  ,IT MAY BE SAID N[ )\T EXAGG]ATION ?AT = ! LA/ DECADE ESPECIALLY ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES IS RUL$1 (FICIALLY & UN(FICIALLY1 BY M5 :O >E ! /AUN*E/ UPHOLD]S ( ,PROHIBITION 9 PUBLIC1 BUT :O 09 !IR PRIVATE0 CAPACITY >E ! MA9/AY ( ! RACKETE] ,TRU/ = ! MILLIONS ( MONEY ?AT IS 09 IT04  ,G5]AL BUS9ESS MAY SUFF] AS A RESULT ( ! WOR/ DEPRESSION ,AM]ICA HAS EXP]I5C$ 9 ! PA/ #e YE>S1 BUT ! ,RACKETE] ,TRU/ IS PROSP]+4  ,9DE$1 IT IS GR[+ L>G] & 5T]+ NEW FIELDS1 = TODAY ! ,TRU/ IS NOT SATISFI$ TO DRAW PR(ITS FROM LIQUOR ONLY4  ,IT HAS BRAN*$ \T & IS N[ BEG9N+ TO CONTROL V>I\S O!R 9DU/RIES4  ,BUT ?AT IS ANO!R /ORY ( :I* ,I MAY WRITE SOME O!R TIME4 

7,S\RCE3 ,9T]NATIONAL ,9/ITUTE = ,SOCIAL ,HI/ORY'S ,ALEX&] ,B]KMAN >*IVE47 

,FROM 3 ,AN>*Y ,>*IVES4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #aicd 3 ,! ,AV]AGE ,AM]ICAN -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,FEBRU>Y #c1 #bag 3 ,! ,AV]AGE ,AM]ICAN -- ,ADD$4 
,DECEMB] #c1 #bba 3 ,! ,AV]AGE ,AM]ICAN -- ,UPDAT$4 

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