,*APT] #ad 
,! ,POPUL> ,RIS+S 

#aiiaii 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,PET] ,KROPOTK9 

,TEXT 3 

  

,PHOTO BY ,LYON SAYS ,HELLO1,C,C ,B,Y-,N,C-,N,D ,LIC5SE ,NECESSITY ( POPUL> RIS+S \TSIDE ,P>IS -- ,EFFECT ( TAK+ ( ,BA/ILLE OV]-E/IMAT$ -- ,DIFF]5CE BETWE5 ,FR5* & ,5GLI% ,PEASANT RIS+S -- ,IMPORTANCE ( PEASANT 9SURRECTION 

,P>IS1 BY FRU/RAT+ ! PLANS ( ! ,C\RT HAD /RUCK A MORTAL BL[ AT ROYAL AU?ORITY4 ,BESIDES ?IS1 ! APPE>ANCE 9 ! /REETS ( PEOPLE 9 RAGS1 AS AN ACTIVE =CE 9 ! ,REVOLUTION1 WAS GIV+ A NEW *>ACT]1 A NEW T5D5CY ( EQUALITY TO ! :OLE MOVEM5T4 ,! RI* & P[]FUL UND]/OOD P]FECTLY ! MEAN+ ( :AT HAD BE5 GO+ ON 9 ,P>IS DUR+ ?OSE DAYS1 & ! EMIGRATION1 FIR/ ( ! PR9CES1 !N ( ! FAVORITES & ! MONOPOLI/S1 ACC5TUAT$ ! VICTORY4 ,! ,C\RT WAS ALREADY SEEK+ ! AID ( ! =EIGN] AGA9/ REVOLUTION>Y ,FRANCE4 

,IF1 H[EV]1 ! 9SURRECTION HAD BE5 CONF9$ TO ! CAPITAL1 ! ,REVOLUTION C\LD NEV] HAVE DEVELOP$ TO ! EXT5T ( RESULT+ 9 ! DEMOLITION ( ANCI5T PRIVILEGES4 ,! 9SURRECTION AT ! C5T] HAD BE5 NECESS>Y TO /RIKE AT ! C5TRAL ,GOV]NM5T1 TO %AKE IT D[N1 TO DEMORALIZE ITS DEF5D]S4 ,BUT TO DE/ROY ! P[] ( ! ,GOV]NM5T 9 ! PROV9CES1 TO /RIKE AT ! OLD REGIME ?R\< ITS GOV]NM5TAL PR]OGATIVES & ITS ECONOMIC PRIVILEGES1 A WIDESPREAD RIS+ ( ! PEOPLE WAS NECESS>Y 9 CITIES1 T[NS & VILLAGES4 ,?IS IS EXACTLY :AT CAME AB\T 9 ! C\RSE ( ,JULY ?R\<\T ! L5G? & BREAD? ( ,FRANCE4 

,! HI/ORIANS1 :O ALL1 :E!R CONSCI\SLY OR NOT1 HAVE FOLL[$ V]Y CLOSELY ! ,DEUX AMIS DE LA LIB]TE  HAVE G5]ALLY REPRES5T$ ?IS MOVEM5T ( ! T[NS & RURAL DI/RICTS AS A RESULT ( ! TAK+ ( ! ,BA/ILLE4 ,! NEWS ( ?IS SUCCESS IS SUPPOS$ TO HAVE R\S$ ! C\NTRY P>TS4 ,! *ATEAUX W]E BURN$1 & ?IS RIS+ ( ! PEASANTS DIFFUS$ SO MU* T]ROR ?AT ! NOBLES & CL]GY ABDICAT$ !IR FEUDAL RI<TS ON ,AUGU/ #d4 

,?IS V]SION IS1 H[EV]1 ONLY HALF TRUE4 ,AS F> AS ! T[NS >E CONC]N$1 IT IS CORRECT ?AT A GREAT NUMB] ( URBAN RIS+S TOOK PLACE UND] ! 9FLU5CE ( ! TAK+ ( ! ,BA/ILLE4 ,SOME ( !M1 AS AT ,TROYES ON ,JULY #ah AT ,/RASB\RG ON ! #a#i?1 AT ,*]B\RG ON ! #b#a/ AT ,R\5 ON ! #b#d?1 & AT ,MAUBEUGE ON ! #b#g? FOLL[$ CLOSE UPON ! ,P>IS 9SURRECTION1 :IL/ ! O!RS W5T ON DUR+ ! NEXT ?REE OR F\R MON?S1 UNTIL ! ,NATIONAL ,ASSEMBLY HAD VOT$ ! MUNICIPAL LAW ( ,DECEMB] #a#d1 #a#g#h#i1 :I* LEGALIZ$ ! CON/ITUTION ( A DEMOCRATIC MIDDLE-CLASS MUNICIPAL GOV]NM5T TO A CONSID]ABLE EXT5T 9DEP5D5T ( ! ,C5TRAL ,GOV]NM5T4 

,) REG>D TO ! PEASANTS1 IT IS CLE> ?AT ) ! !N EXI/+ SL[NESS ( COMMUNICATIONS1 ! SPACE ( TW5TY DAYS :I* PASS$ BETWE5 ,JULY #ad & ,AUGU/ #d >E ABSOLUTELY 9SUFFICI5T TO ACC\NT = ! EFFECT ( ! TAK+ ( ! ,BA/ILLE ON ! RURAL DI/RICTS & ! SUBSEQU5T EFFECT ( ! PEASANTS' 9SURRECTION ON ! DECISIONS ( ! ,NATIONAL ,ASSEMBLY4 ,9 FACT1 TO PICTURE EV5TS 9 SU* A FA%ION IS TO BELITTLE ! PR(\ND IMPORTANCE ( ! MOVEM5T 9 ! C\NTRY4 

,! 9SURRECTION ( ! PEASANTS = ! ABOLITION ( ! FEUDAL RI<TS & ! RECOV]Y ( ! COMMUNAL L&S :I* HAD BE5 TAK5 AWAY FROM ! VILLAGE COMMUNES1 S9CE ! SEV5TE5? C5TURY1 BY ! LORDS1 LAY & ECCLESIA/ICAL1 IS ! V]Y ESS5CE1 ! F\NDATION ( ! GREAT ,REVOLUTION4 ,UPON IT ! /RUGGLE ( ! MIDDLE CLASSES = !IR POLITICAL RI<TS WAS DEVELOP$4 ,)\T IT ! ,REVOLUTION W\LD NEV] HAVE BE5 SO ?OR\< AS IT WAS 9 ,FRANCE4 ,! GREAT RIS+ ( ! RURAL DI/RICTS :I* BEGAN AFT] ! ,JANU>Y ( #a#g#h#i1 EV5 9 #a#g#h#h1 & LA/$ FIVE YE>S1 0AS :AT 5ABL$ ! ,REVOLUTION TO ACCOMPLI% ! IMM5SE WORK ( DEMOLITION :I* WE [E TO IT4 ,IT WAS ?IS ?AT IMPELL$ ! ,REVOLUTION TO SET UP ! FIR/ L&M>KS ( A SY/EM ( EQUALITY1 TO DEVELOP 9 ,FRANCE ! REPUBLICAN SPIRIT1 :I* S9CE !N NO?+ HAS BE5 ABLE TO SUPPRESS1 TO PROCLAIM ! GREAT PR9CIPLES ( AGR>IAN COMMUNISM1 ?AT WE %ALL SEE EM]G+ 9 #a#g#i#c4 ,?IS RIS+1 9 FACT1 IS :AT GIVES ! TRUE *>ACT] TO ! ,FR5* ,REVOLUTION1 & DI/+UI%ES IT RADICALLY FROM ! ,REVOLUTION ( #a#f#d#h-#a#f#e#g 9 ,5GL&4 

,!RE1 TOO1 9 ! C\RSE ( ?OSE N9E YE>S1 ! MIDDLE CLASSES BROKE D[N ! ABSOLUTE P[] ( ROYALTY & ! POLITICAL PRIVILEGES ( ! ,C\RT P>TY4 ,BUT BEYOND ?AT ! DI/9CTIVE FEATURES ( ! ,5GLI% REVOLUTION WAS ! /RUGGLE = ! RI<T ( EA* 9DIVIDUAL TO PR(ESS :ATEV]1 RELIGION HE PLEAS$1 TO 9T]PRET ! ,BIBLE ACCORD+ TO HIS' P]SONAL CONCEPTION ( IT1 TO *OOSE HIS [N PA/ORS-9 A WORD1 ! RI<T ( ! 9DIVIDUAL TO ! 9TELLECTUAL & RELIGI\S DEVELOPM5T BE/ SUIT$ TO HIM4 ,FUR!R1 IT CLAIM$ ! RI<T ( EA* P>I%1 &1 AS A CONSEQU5CE1 ( ! T[N%IPS1 TO AUTONOMY4 ,BUT ! PEASANT RIS+S 9 ,5GL& DID NOT AIM SO G5]ALLY1 AS 9 ,FRANCE1 AT ! ABOLI%+ ( FEUDAL DUES & TI!S1 OR ! RECOV]Y ( ! COMMUNAL L&S4 ,&' IF ,CROMWELL'S HO/S DEMOLI%$ A C]TA9 NUMB] ( CA/LES :I* REPRES5T$ TRUE /RON<OLDS ( FEUDALISM1 !SE HO/S UN=TUNATELY DID NOT ATTACK EI!R ! FEUDAL PRET5SIONS ( ! LORDS OV] ! L&1 OR EV5 ! RI<T ( FEUDAL JU/ICE1 :I* ! LORDS EX]CIS$ OV] !IR T5ANTS4 ,:AT ! ,5GLI% REVOLUTION DID WAS TO CONQU] SOME PRECI\S RI<TS = ! 9DIVIDUAL1 BUT IT DID NOT DE/ROY ! FEUDAL P[] ( ! LORD1 IT M]ELY MODIFI$ IT :IL/ PRES]V+ HIS RI<TS OV] ! L&1 RI<TS :I* P]SI/ TO ?IS DAY4 

,! ,5GLI% REVOLUTION UND\BT$LY E/ABLI%$ ! POLITICAL P[] ( ! MIDDLE CLASSES1 BUT ?IS P[] WAS ONLY OBTA9$ BY %>+ IT ) ! L&$ >I/OCRACY4 ,& IF ! REVOLUTION GAVE ! ,5GLI% MIDDLE CLASSES A PROSP]\S ]A = !IR TRADE & COMM]CE1 ?IS PROSP]ITY WAS OBTA9$ ON ! CONDITION ?AT ! MIDDLE CLASSES %\LD NOT PR(IT BY IT TO ATTACK ! L&$ PRIVILEGES ( ! NOBILITY4 ,ON ! CONTR>Y1 ! MIDDLE CLASSES HELP$ TO 9CREASE !SE PRIVILEGES AT LEA/ 9 VALUE4 ,!Y HELP$ ! NOBILITY TO TAKE LEGAL POSSESSION ( ! COMMUNAL L&S BY MEANS ( ! ,5CLOSURE ,ACTS1 :I* R$UC$ ! AGRICULTURAL POPULATION TO MIS]Y1 ,PLAC$ !M AT ! M]CY ( ! L&[N]S1 & =C$ A GREAT NUMB] ( !M TO MIGRATE TO ! T[NS1 :]E1 AS PROLET>IANS1 !Y W]E DELIV]$ OV] TO ! M]CY ( ! MIDDLE-CLASS MANUFACTUR]S4 ,! ,5GLI% MIDDLE CLASSES ALSO HELP$ ! NOBILITY TO MAKE ( !IR IMM5SE L&$ E/ATES S\RCES1 NOT ONLY ( REV5UE (T5 FABUL\S1 BUT ALSO ( POLITICAL & LOCAL JURIDICAL P[]1 BY REE/ABLI%+ UND] NEW =MS ! RI<T ( MANORIAL JU/ICE4 ,!Y HELP$ ALSO TO 9CREASE !IR REV5UES T5FOLD BY ALL[+ !M ?R\< ! L& LAWS1 :I* HAMP] ! SALE ( E/ATES1 TO MONOPOLIZE ! L&1 ! NE$ ( :I* WAS MAK+ ITSELF FELT MORE & MORE AMONG A POPULATION :OSE TRADE & COMM]CE W]E /EADILY 9CREAS+4 

,WE N[ KN[ ?AT ! ,FR5* MIDDLE CLASSES1 ESPECIALLY ! UPP] MIDDLE CLASSES 5GAG$ 9 MANUFACTURES & COMM]CE1 WI%$ TO IMITATE ! ,5GLI% MIDDLE CLASSES 9 !IR REVOLUTION4 ,!Y1 TOO1 W\LD HAVE WILL+LY 5T]$ 9TO A COMPACT ) BO? ROYALTY & NOBILITY 9 ORD] TO ATTA9 TO P[]4 ,BUT !Y DID NOT SUCCE$ 9 ?IS1 BECAUSE ! BASIS ( ! ,FR5* ,REVOLUTION WAS =TUNATELY MU* BROAD] ?AN ?AT ( ! REVOLUTION 9 ,5GL&4 ,9 ,FRANCE ! MOVEM5T WAS NOT  M]ELY AN 9SURRECTION TO W9 RELIGI\S LIB]TY1 OR EV5 COMM]CIAL & 9DU/RIAL LIB]TY = ! 9DIVIDUAL1 OR YET TO CON/ITUTE MUNICIPAL AU?ORITY 9 ! H&S ( A FEW MIDDLE CLASS M54 ,IT WAS ABOVE ALL A PEASANT 9SURRECTION1 A MOVEM5T ( ! PEOPLE TO REGA9 POSSESSION ( ! L& & TO FREE IT FROM ! FEUDAL OBLIGATIONS :I* BURD5$ IT1 & :ILE !RE WAS ALL ?R\< IT A P[]FUL 9DIVIDUALI/ ELEM5T - ! DESIRE TO POSSESS L& 9DIVIDUALLY - !RE WAS ALSO ! COMMUNI/ ELEM5T1 ! RI<T ( ! :OLE NATION TO ! L& - A RI<T :I* WE %ALL SEE PROCLAIM$ L\DLY BY ! POOR] CLASSES 9 #a#g#i#c4 

,?IS IS :Y IT W\LD BE A /RANGE R$UCTION ( ! IMPORTANCE ( ! AGR>IAN 9SURRECTION 9 ! SUMM] ( #a<i TO REPRES5T IT AS AN EPISODE ( BRIEF DURATION BR\<T AB\T BY 5?USIASM OV] ! TAK+ ( ! ,BA/ILLE4 

,FROM 3 ,AN>*Y ,>*IVES4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #aih 3 ,*APT] #ad -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,JANU>Y #a#h1 #bag 3 ,*APT] #ad -- ,ADD$4 

 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3  
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