,*APT] #bc 
,! ,FETE ( ! ,F$]ATION 

#aiiaii 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,PET] ,KROPOTK9 

,TEXT 3 

  

,PHOTO BY ,J,R ,P1,C,C ,B,Y-,N,C ,LIC5SE ,5D ( ! FIR/ P]IOD ( ,REVOLUTION -- ,DUEL BETWE5 ,K+ & ,ASSEMBLY -- ,K+ BRIBES ,MIRABEAU -- ,HE F9DS TOOLS AMONG MIDDLE CLASS -- ,5EMIES ( ,REVOLUTION AMONG ALL CLASSES -- ,P]IOD ( PLOTS & C\NT]-PLOTS -- ,! ,FETE ( ! ,F$]ATION -- ,MEAN+ ( ! FETE -- ,JOY ( ! PEOPLE 

,) ! REMOVAL ( ! ,K+ & ! ,ASSEMBLY FROM ,V]SAILLES TO ,P>IS ! FIR/ P]IOD--! H]OIC P]IOD1 SO TO SPEAK1 ( ! ,GREAT ,REVOLUTION--5D$4 ,! MEET+ ( ! ,/ATES-,G5]AL1 ! ,ROYAL ,SESSION ( ,JUNE #b#c1 ! ,OA? ( ! ,T5NIS ,C\RT1 ! TAK+ ( ! ,BA/ILLE1 ! REVOLT ( ! CITIES & VILLAGES 9 ,JULY & ,AUGU/1 ! NI<T ( ,AUGU/ #d1 & F9ALLY ! M>* ( ! WOM5 ON ,V]SAILLES & !IR TRIUMPHAL RETURN ) ! ,K+ AS PRISON]2 !SE W]E ! *IEF /AGES ( ! P]IOD4 

,N[1 :5 BO? ! 0LEGISLATIVE0 & ! 0EXECUTIVE0 P[]--! ,ASSEMBLY & ! ,K+--SETTL$ AT ,P>IS1 A P]IOD ( HIDD51 CONT9U\S /RUGGLE BEGAN BETWE5 MORIBUND ROYALTY & ! NEW ,CON/ITUTIONAL P[] :I* WAS BE+ SL[LY CONSOLIDAT$ BY ! LEGISLATIVE LABORS ( ! ,ASSEMBLY & BY ! CON/RUCTIVE WORK DONE ON ! SPOT1 9 EV]Y T[N & VILLAGE4 

,FRANCE HAD N[1 9 ! ,NATIONAL ,ASSEMBLY1 A CON/ITUTIONAL P[] :I* ! ,K+ HAD BE5 =C$ TO RECOGNIZE4 ,BUT1 IF HE RECOGNIZ$ IT (FICIALLY1 HE SAW 9 IT ONLY A USURPATION1 AN 9SULT TO HIS ROYAL AU?ORITY1 ( :I* HE DID NOT WI% TO ADMIT ANY DIM9UTION4 ,SO HE WAS ALWAYS ON ! AL]T TO F9D A ?\S& PETTY MEANS ( BELITTL+ ! ,ASSEMBLY1 & = DISPUT+ ) IT ! SMALLE/ FRAGM5T ( AU?ORITY4 ,EV5 TO ! LA/ MOM5T HE NEV] AB&ON$ ! HOPE ( ONE DAY R$UC+ TO OB$I5CE ?IS NEW P[]1 :I* HE REPROA*$ HIMSELF = HAV+ ALL[$ TO GR[ BY ! SIDE ( HIS [N4 

,9 ?IS /RUGGLE EV]Y MEANS SEEM$ GOOD TO ! ,K+4 ,HE KNEW1 BY EXP]I5CE1 ?AT ! M5 ( HIS [N SURR\ND+S EASILY SOLD !MSELVES--SOME = A TRIFLE1 O!RS DEM&+ A HI< PRICE--& HE EX]T$ HIMSELF TO OBTA9 MONEY1 PL5TY ( MONEY1 BORR[+ IT 9 ,LONDON1 SO AS TO BE ABLE TO BUY ! LEAD]S ( ! P>TIES 9 ! ,ASSEMBLY & ELSE:]E4 ,HE SUCCE$$ ONLY TOO WELL ) ONE ( ?OSE :O /OOD 9 ! =EFRONT1 ) ,MIRABEAU1 :O 9 RETURN = HEAVY SUMS ( MONEY BECAME ! C\NSELOR ( ! ,C\RT & ! DEF5D] ( ! ,K+1 & SP5T HIS LA/ DAYS 9 AN ABSURD LUXURY4 ,BUT IT WAS NOT ONLY 9 ! ,ASSEMBLY ?AT ROYALTY F\ND ITS TOOLS2 ! GREAT NUMB] W]E \TSIDE IT4 ,!Y W]E F\ND AMONG ?OSE :OM ! ,REVOLUTION HAD DEPRIV$ ( !IR PRIVILEGES1 ( ! H&SOME P5SIONS :I* HAD BE5 ALLOTT$ TO !M 9 =M] DAYS1 & ( !IR COLOSSAL 9COMES2 AMONG ! CL]GY :O SAW !IR 9FLU5CE P]I%+2 AMONG ! NOBLES :O W]E LOS+1 ) !IR FEUDAL RI<TS1 !IR PRIVILEG$ POSITION2 AMONG ! MIDDLE CLASSES :O W]E AL>M$ = ! CAPITAL !Y HAD 9VE/$ 9 MANUFACTURES1 COMM]CE & ,/ATE LOANS--AMONG ?OSE SELF--SAME MIDDLE CLASSES :O W]E N[ 5RI*+ !MSELVES DUR+ & BY MEANS ( ! ,REVOLUTION4 

,!Y W]E NUM]\S1 9DE$1 ! 5EMIES ( ! ,REVOLUTION4 ,!Y 9CLUD$ ALL ?OSE :O =M]LY HAD LIV$ ON ! HI<] ECCLESIA/ICS1 ! NOBLES & ! PRIVILEG$ MEMB]S ( ! UPP] MIDDLE CLASS4 ,MORE ?AN ONE-HALF ( ?AT ACTIVE & ?9K+ PORTION ( ! NATION :I* CONTA9S ! MAK]S ( ITS HI/ORIC LIFE /OOD 9 ! RANKS ( !SE 5EMIES4 ,& IF AMONG ! PEOPLE ( ,P>IS1 ,/RASB\RG1 ,R\5 & MANY O!R T[NS1 BO? L>GE & SMALL1 ! ,REVOLUTION F\ND >D5T *AMPIONS--H[ MANY T[NS !RE W]E1 LIKE ,LYONS1 :]E ! C5TURIES--OLD 9FLU5CE ( ! CL]GY & ! ECONOMIC S]VITUDE ( ! WORK]S W]E SU* ?AT ! POOR !MSELVES SUPPORT$ ! PRIE/S AGA9/ ! ,REVOLUTION4 ,H[ MANY T[NS1 LIKE ! GREAT SEAPORTS1 ,NANTES1 ,BORDEAUX1 ,SA9T-,MALO1 :]E ! GREAT M]*ANTS & ALL ! FOLK DEP5D+ ON ! W]E ALREADY B\ND UP ) REACTION4 

,EV5 AMONG ! PEASANTS1 :OSE 9T]E/S %\LD HAVE LA9 ) ! ,REVOLUTION--H[ MANY L[] MIDDLE-CLASS M5 !RE W]E 9 ! VILLAGES :O DREAD$ IT1 NOT TO M5TION ?OSE PEASANTS :OM ! MI/AKES ( ! REVOLUTIONI/S !MSELVES W]E TO ALI5ATE FROM ! GREAT CAUSE4 ,!RE W]E TOO MANY !ORI/S AMONG ! LEAD]S ( ! ,REVOLUTION1 TOO MANY WOR%IP]S ( UNI=MITY & REGUL>ITY1 9CAPABLE1 !RE=E1 ( UND]/&+ ! MULTIPLE =MS ( L&$ PROP]TY RECOGNIZ$ BY ! CU/OM>Y LAW2 TOO MANY ,VOLTAIREANS1 ON ! O!R H&1 :O %[$ NO TOL]ATION T[>DS ! PREJUDICES ( ! MASSES /EEP$ 9 POV]TY2 & ABOVE ALL1 TOO MANY POLITICIANS TO COMPREH5D ! IMPORTANCE :I* ! PEASANTS ATTA*$ TO ! L& QUE/ION4 ,& ! RESULT WAS ?AT 9 ! ,V5DEE1 9 ,BRITTANY & 91 ! S\?-EA/1 ! PEASANTS !MSELVES TURN$ AGA9/ ! ,REVOLUTION4 

,! C\NT]-REVOLUTIONI/S KNEW H[ TO ATTRACT P>TISANS FROM EA* & ALL ( !SE ELEM5TS4 ,A ,F\RTE5? ( ,JULY OR A ,FIF? ( ,OCTOB] C\LD C]TA9LY DISPLACE ! C5T] ( GRAVITY ( ! RUL+ P[]2 BUT IT WAS 9 ! ?IRTY-SIX ?\S& COMMUNES ( ,FRANCE ?AT ! ,REVOLUTION HAD TO BE ACCOMPLI%$1 & ?AT REQUIR$ SOME TIME4 ,& ! C\NT]-REVOLUTIONI/S TOOK ADVANTAGE ( ?AT TIME TO W9 OV] TO !IR CAUSE ALL ! DISCONT5T$ AMONG ! WELL-TO-DO CLASSES1 :OSE NAME WAS LEGION4 ,=1 IF ! RADICAL MIDDLE CLASSES PUT 9TO ! ,REVOLUTION A PRODIGI\S AM\NT ( EXTRAORD9>Y 9TELLIG5CE1 DEVELOP$ BY ! ,REVOLUTION ITSELF--9TELLIG5CE1 SUBTL5ESS & EXP]I5CE 9 BUS9ESS W]E NOT WANT+ EI!R AMONG ! PROV9CIAL NOBILITY OR ! WEAL?Y M]*ANTS & CL]GY1 :O ALL JO9$ H&S = L5D+ TO ROYALTY A =MIDABLE P[] ( RESI/ANCE4 

,?IS REL5TLESS /RUGGLE ( PLOTS & C\NT]-PLOTS1 ( P>TIAL RIS+S 9 ! PROV9CES & P>LIAM5T>Y CONTE/S 9 ! ,CON/ITU5T ,ASSEMBLY1 & LAT] ON 9 ! ,LEGISLATIVE--?IS CONCEAL$ /RUGGLE LA/$ NE>LY ?REE YE>S1 FROM ! MON? ( ,OCTOB] #a<i TO ! MON? ( ,JUNE #a#g#i#b1 :5 ! ,REVOLUTION AT LA/ TOOK A FRE% />T4 ,IT WAS A P]IOD POOR 9 EV5TS HI/ORIC IMPORT--! ONLY ONES DES]V+ M5TION 9 ?AT 9T]VAL BE+ ! RECRUDESC5CE ( ! PEASANTS' RIS+1 9 ,JANU>Y & ,FEBRU>Y #a#g#i1 ! ,FETE ( ! ,F$]ATION1 ON ,JULY #a#d1 #a#g#i1 ! MASSACRE AT ,NANCY ON ,AUGU/ #c#a1 #a#g#i1 ! FLI<T ( ! ,K+ ON ,JUNE #b1 #a#g#i#a1 & ! MASSACRE ( ! PEOPLE ( ,P>IS ON ! ,*AMP-DE-,M>S ON ,JULY #a#g1 #agia 

,( ! PEASANTS' 9SURRECTIONS WE %ALL SPEAK 9 A LAT] *APT]1 BUT IT IS NECESS>Y TO SAY SOME?+ H]E AB\T ! ,FETE ( ! ,F$]ATION4 ,IT SUMS UP ! FIR/ P>T ( ! ,REVOLUTION4 ,ITS OV]FL[+ 5?USIASM & ! H>MONY DISPLAY$ 9 IT %[ :AT ! ,REVOLUTION MI<T HAVE BE5 IF ! PRIVILEG$ CLASSES & ROYALTY1 COMPREH5D+ H[ IRRESI/IBLE WAS ! *ANGE1 HAD YIELD$ ) A GOOD GRACE TO :AT !Y W]E P[]LESS TO PREV5T4 

,TA9E DISP>AGES ! FE/IVALS ( ! ,REVOLUTION1 & IT IS TRUE ?AT ?OSE ( #agic & #agid W]E (T5 TOO !ATRICAL4 ,!Y W]E GOT UP = ! PEOPLE1 NOT BY ! PEOPLE4 ,BUT ?AT ( ,JULY #a#d1 #a#g#i1 WAS ONE ( ! MO/ BEAUTIFUL POPUL> FE/IVALS EV] RECORD$ 9 HI/ORY4 

,PREVI\S TO #a<i ,FRANCE WAS NOT UNIFI$4 ,IT WAS AN HI/ORIC 5TITY1 BUT ITS V>I\S P>TS KNEW LITTLE ( EA* O!R & C>$ = EA* O!R EV5 LESS4 ,BUT AFT] ! EV5TS ( #a#g#h#i1 & AFT] ! AX HAD BE5 LAID AT ! ROOTS ( ! SURVIVALS ( FEUDALISM1 AFT] SEV]AL GLORI\S MOM5TS HAD BE5 LIV$ TOGE!R BY ! REPRES5TATIVES ( ALL P>TS ( ,FRANCE1 !RE WAS BORN A S5TIM5T ( UNION & SOLID>ITY BETWE5 ! PROV9CES ?AT HAD BE5 L9K$ TOGE!R BY HI/ORY4 ,ALL ,EUROPE WAS MOV$ TO 5?USIASM OV] ! WORDS & DE$S ( ! ,REVOLUTION--H[ C\LD ! PROV9CES RESI/ ?IS UNIFICATION 9 ! =W>D M>* T[>DS A BETT] FUTURE8 ,?IS IS :AT ! ,FETE ( ! ,F$]ATION SYMBOLIZ$4 

,IT HAD ALSO ANO!R /RIK+ FEATURE4 ,AS A C]TA9 AM\NT ( WORK WAS NECESS>Y = ?IS FE/IVAL1 ! LEVEL+ ( ! SOIL1 ! MAK+ ( T]RACES1 ! BUILD+ ( A TRIUMPHAL >*1 & AS IT BECAME EVID5T1 EI<T DAYS BE=E ! FETE1 ?AT ! FIFTE5 ?\S& WORKM5 5GAG$ 9 ?IS WORK C\LD NEV] F9I% IT 9 TIME--:AT DID ,P>IS DO8 ,SOME UNKN[N P]SON SUGGE/$ ?AT EV]Y ONE %\LD GO TO WORK 9 ! ,*AMP-DE-,M>S2 & ALL ,P>IS1 RI* & POOR1 >TI/S & LABOR]S1 MONKS & SOLDI]S1 W5T TO WORK !RE ) A LI<T HE>T4 ,FRANCE1 REPRES5T$ BY ! ?\S&S ( DELEGATES >RIV$ FROM ! PROV9CES1 F\ND H] NATIONAL UNITY 9 DIGG+ ! E>?--A SYMBOL ( :AT EQUALITY & FRAT]NITY AMONG M5 %\LD ONE DAY LEAD TO4 

,! OA? ?AT ! SCORES ( ?\S&S ( P]SONS PRES5T TOOK 0TO ! ,CON/ITUTION1 AS DECRE$ BY ! ,NATIONAL ,ASSEMBLY & ACCEPT$ BY ! ,K+10 ! OA? TAK5 BY ! ,K+ & SPONTANE\SLY CONFIRM$ BY ! ,QUE5 = H] SON1 >E ( LITTLE IMPORTANCE4 ,EV]Y ONE TOOK HIS OA? ) SOME 0M5TAL RES]VATIONS02 EV]Y ONE ATTA*$ TO IT C]TA9 CONDITIONS4 ,! ,K+ TOOK HIS OA? 9 !SE WORDS3 0,I1 ,K+ ( ! ,FR5*1 SWE> TO USE ALL ! P[] RES]V$ TO ME BY ! CON/ITUTIONAL ,ACT ( ! ,/ATE TO MA9TA9 ! ,CON/ITUTION DECRE$ BY ! ,NATIONAL ,ASSEMBLY & ACCEPT$ BY ME40 ,:I* MEANT ?AT HE W\LD 9DE$ MA9TA9 ! ,CON/ITUTION1 BUT ?AT IT W\LD BE VIOLAT$1 & ?AT HE W\LD NOT ABLE TO PREV5T IT4 ,9 REALITY1 AT ! V]Y MOM5T ! ,K+ WAS TAK+ ! OA? HE WAS ?9K+ ONLY ( H[ HE WAS TO GET \T ( ,P>IS--UND] ! PRET5SE ( GO+ TO REVIEW ! >MY4 ,HE WAS CALCULAT+ ! MEANS ( BUY+ ! 9FLU5TIAL MEMB]S ( ! ,ASSEMBLY1 & DISC\NT+ ! HELP ?AT %\LD COME FROM ! =EIGN]S TO *ECK ! ,REVOLUTION :I* HE HIMSELF HAD LET LOOSE ?R\< HIS OPPOSITION TO ! NECESS>Y *ANGES & ! TRICK]Y 9 HIS DEAL+S ) ! ,NATIONAL ,ASSEMBLY4 

,! OA?S W]E WOR? LITTLE1 BUT ! IMPORTANT ?+ TO NOTE 9 ?IS FETE--BEYOND ! PROCLAMATION ( A NEW NATION HAV+ A COMMON IDEAL--IS ! REM>KABLE GOOD HUMOR ( ! ,REVOLUTION4 ,ONE YE> AFT] ! TAK+ ( ! ,BA/ILLE1 ,M>AT HAD EV]Y REASON = WRIT+3 0,:Y ?IS UNBRIDL$ JOY8 ,:Y !SE EVID5CES ( FOOLI% LIVEL9ESS8 ,! ,REVOLUTION1 AS YET1 HAS BE5 M]ELY A SORR[FUL DREAM = ! PEOPLE60 ,BUT AL?\< NO?+ HAD YET BE5 DONE TO SATISFY ! WANTS ( ! WORK+ PEOPLE1 & EV]Y?+ HAD BE5 DONE1 AS WE %ALL SEE PRES5TLY1 TO PREV5T ! REAL ABOLITION ( ! FEUDAL ABUSES1 AL?\< ! PEOPLE HAD EV]Y:]E PAID ) !IR LIVES & BY T]RIBLE SUFF]+S EV]Y PROGRESS MADE 9 ! POLITICAL ,REVOLUTION--9 SPITE ( ALL ?AT1 ! PEOPLE BUR/ 9TO TRANSPORTS ( JOY AT ! SPECTACLE ( ! NEW DEMOCRATIC REGIME CONFIRM$ AT ?IS FETE4 ,JU/ AS FIFTY-EI<T YE>S LAT]1 9 ,FEBRU>Y #a#h#d#h1 ! PEOPLE ( ,P>IS W]E TO PLACE 0?REE YE>S ( SUFF]+ AT ! S]VICE ( ! ,REPUBLIC10 SO N[ ! PEOPLE %[$ !MSELVES READY TO 5DURE ANY?+1 PROVID$ ?AT ! NEW ,CON/ITUTION PROMIS$ TO BR+ !M SOME ALLEVIATION1 PROVID$ ?AT IT HELD 9 IT = !M A LITTLE GOODWILL4 

,IF !N1 ?REE YE>S LAT]1 ! SAME PEOPLE1 SO READY AT FIR/ TO BE CONT5T ) LITTLE1 SO READY TO WAIT1 BECAME SAVAGE & BEGAN ! EXT]M9ATION ( ! 5EMIES ( ! ,REVOLUTION1 IT WAS BECAUSE !Y HOP$ TO SAVE1 AT LEA/1 SOME P>T ( ! ,REVOLUTION BY RESORT+ TO EXTREME MEANS4 ,IT WAS BECAUSE !Y SAW ! ,REVOLUTION F\ND]+ BE=E ANY SUB/ANTIAL ECONOMIC *ANGE HAD BE5 ACCOMPLI%$ = ! B5EFIT ( ! MASS ( ! PEOPLE4 ,9 ,JULY #agi !RE WAS NO?+ TO =ECA/ ?IS D>K & SAVAGE *>ACT]4 0,! ,REVOLUTION1 AS YET1 HAS BE5 ONLY A SORR[FUL DREAM = ! PEOPLE40 0,IT HAS NOT FULFILL$ ITS PROMISES4 ,NO MATT]4 ,IT IS MOV+4 ,& ?AT IS 5\<40 ,& EV]Y:]E ! PEOPLE'S HE>TS W]E FILL$ ) LIFE4 

,BUT REACTION1 ALL >M$1 WAS WAT*FUL1 & 9 A MON? OR TWO IT WAS TO %[ ITSELF 9 FULL =CE4 ,AFT] ! NEXT ANNIV]S>Y ( ,JULY #a#d1 ON ,JULY #a#g1 #a#g#i#a1 IT WAS ALREADY /RONG 5\< TO %OOT D[N ! PEOPLE ( ,P>IS ON ?IS SAME ,*AMP-DE-,M>S4 

,FROM 3 ,AN>*Y ,>*IVES4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #aih 3 ,*APT] #bc -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,JANU>Y #a#h1 #bag 3 ,*APT] #bc -- ,ADD$4 

 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3  
HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/