,! ,GREAT ,HUNG] 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,ANONYM\S 

,TEXT 3 

,TIME AFT] TIME1 AGA9 & AGA9 />VATION HITS ! HEADL9ES4  ,YET NO MATT] H[ CATA/ROPHIC ! EV5T1 WE NEV] SEEM TO GET ANY NE>] TO /OPP+ IT ONCE & = ALL4  ,:Y IS ?AT8  ,YET ?IS 9EXCUSABLE MASS MURD] HAS NOT ALWAYS BE5 LIMIT$ TO ! ,?IRD ,WORLD1 IT HAS HAPP5$ A LOT CLOS] TO HOME444IT'S JU/ ?AT !Y NEV] MADE A BIG ?+ ( IT 9 HI/ORY BECAUSE444WELL1 IT'S A LOT CLOS] TO HOME4 

,& IT HAPP5$ = EXACTLY ! SAME REASONS ?AT IT /ILL GOES ON TODAY4 

,H]E WE LOOK AT ! HI/ORY ( ! ,GREAT ,IRI% ,HUNG]4  ,SO1 EYES D[N = A HI/ORY LESSON4  ,& FUCK Y\ ,LIVE ,AID4 

,ONE ,MI<TY ,BL[ 

#ae YE>S AGO BLACK PAT*ES BEGAN TO APPE> ON ! POTATO PLANTS GR[N 9 ,IREL&4  ,?IS WAS ! FIR/ APPE>ANCE ( ! 9FAM\S POTATO BLI<T :I* L$ TO A S]IES ( CROP FAILURES BETWE5 #ahdf & #a#h#d#h4 

,9 TURN1 !SE CROP FAILURES />T$ A *A9 ( EV5TS :I* L$ TO ! HALV+ ( ! 5TIRE POPULATION ( ,IREL& BY />VATION1 DISEASE OR EMIGRATION4  ,NE>LY EV]YBODY WILL+ TO DISCUSS !SE EV5TS AGREE ?AT !Y HAVE HAD A DRA/IC & LONG-LA/+ EFFECT ON ,IRI% CULTURE1 YET ALMO/ NOBODY 9 ! CAPITALI/ M$IA & CULTURAL E/ABLI%M5T DISCUSS !IR MEAN+4 

,?IS >TICLE >GUES ?AT ?IS SIL5CE IS A GUILTY SIL5CE4 

,FALSE ,CLAIMS 

,9 ,DECEMB] #ahde ! ,TORY LEAD] ,B5JAM9 ,DISRAELI ATTACK$ ! E>LY REPORTS ( ! EFFECTS ( ! POTATO CROP FAILURE1 CALL+ IT A 'FALSE FAM9E'4  ,IRONICALLY DESPITE HIS ANTI-,IRI% 9T5T1 ,IRI% HI/ORIANS HAVE AGRE$ ) HIM4  ,AL?\< ! EV5TS ( #a#h#d#e-#d#h >E (FICIALLY KN[N AS ! ',GREAT ,IRI% ,POTATO ,FAM9E'1 ,IRI% HI/ORIANS & ACTIVI/S CONC]N$ ) ! TRU? PREF] TO CALL IT 0,AN ,GORTA ,MOR0 -- ,! ,GREAT ,HUNG]4 

,! DIFF]5CE 9 NAME IS TO EMPHASIZE A RADICALLY DIFF]5T VIEW ( :Y OV] A MILLION ,IRI% M51 WOM5 & *ILDR5 5D$ UP DY+ FROM />VATION1 *OL]A & TYPHUS4  ,! (FICIAL ,BRITI% V]SION IS ?AT ?IS WAS A FAM9E CAUS$ BY A CROP FAILURE -- A NATURAL DISA/]1 OR 9 9SURANCE BUS9ESS SPEAK1 0AN ,ACT ( ,GOD04 

,! DISS5T+ VIEW FROM ,IREL& IS ?AT ?IS WAS NOT A NATURAL DISA/] BUT A POLITICALLY MOTIVAT$ ACT ( CONSCI\S MASS MURD]4 

,DUR+ ! :OLE P]IOD FROM #a#h#d#e-#a#h#d#h :ILE MILLIONS ( ,IRI% PEOPLE P]I%$ FROM />VATION RELAT$ DISEASES1 ,IRI% & ,BRITI% L&LORDS CONT9U$ TO COLLECT R5T & TAXES FROM ! ,IRI% & EXPORT CORN1 VEGETABLES & BEEF FROM !IR L&4  ,! SO-CALL$ FAM9E WAS NOT A G5]AL FAILURE ( ! AGRICULTURAL H>VE/ 9 ,IREL&1 BUT SIMPLY ONE ( A S+LE CROP2 ! POTATO4 

,AS SOME HI/ORIANS HAVE PO9T$ \T1 ! REASON :Y SO MANY DI$ WAS ?AT A L>GE P]C5TAGE ( ! POPULATION HAD BE5 PU%$ 9TO DEP5D5CE ON ONE CROP1 ! POTATO4  ,:AT ! HI/ORIANS >E NOT SO OP5 AB\T1 IS :Y SO MANY W]E PU%$ 9TO ?IS SITUATION4 

,SOME PEOPLE >GUE ?AT ! GR[? ( ! POPULATION WAS RESPONSIBLE1 REGURGITAT+ ! OLD ,MAL?USIAN BULL%IT !ORY 7SEE BEL[74  ,O!RS PO9T \T ?AT ! MA9 REASON IS ?AT MORE & MORE L& WAS BE+ TAK5 FROM ! PEASANT PEOPLE BY FAIR MEANS OR F\L 7MO/LY F\L71 =C+ ! MAJORITY ( ! POPULATION TO RELY ON A SMALL] & SMALL] PROPORTION ( ,IREL&'S L&4 

,! ,ROLE ( ! ,SPUD 

,! L& SEIZ$ BY ! L&LORDS 7MANY ( ! BIGGE/ BE+ ABS5TEE ,5GLI% L&LORDS OR CORPORATIONS7 WAS US$ TO GR[ FOOD = EXPORT TO ,BRITA9 -- VEGETABLES1 GRA9 & 9CREAS+LY1 BEEF4  ,=C$ ONTO LESS & LESS L& ! ,IRI% PEASANTRY WAS =C$ TO GR[ ! MO/ EFFICI5T FOOD CROP :I* WAS ! POTATO1 ORIG9ALLY IMPORT$ FROM ,S\? ,AM]ICA BY ! ,5GLI%4 

,BUT :Y1 :5 ,IREL& WAS !N A PROV9CE ( ! L>GE/ & RI*E/ EMPIRE 9 HUMAN HI/ORY SO F>1 WAS IT NOT POSSIBLE TO BR+ 9 FOOD FROM ! PL5TIFUL SUPPLIES ELSE:]E 9 ! WORLD8 

,9 FACT 9 #ahde ! ,TORY ,PRIME ,M9I/] ,PEEL DID 7QUIETLY7 MAKE A />T ON SETT+ UP /OCKPILES ( ,9DIAN CORN TO COPE ) ! FOOD %ORTAGES4  ,9 #ahdf ! ,TORIES W]E DEFEAT$ & REPLAC$ BY ! ,:IGS L$ BY ,LORD ,JOHN ,RUSSELL4  ,RUSSELL SOLD ! /OCKPILES & REFUS$ TO TAKE ANY GOV]NM5T-FUND$ ACTION TO EI!R RE/RICT ! EXPORT ( CORN FROM ,IREL& OR IMPORT REPLACEM5T SUPPLIES4 

,MAL?US -- ,GURU ( ,MASS ,MURD] 

,9 ORD] TO UND]/& ! TRUE HORROR ( :AT ,RUSSELL DID WE HAVE TO LOOK AT HIS POLITICS & ! CONTEXT ( CLASS /RUGGLE 9 :I* !Y W]E =M$4 

,?OMAS ,ROB]T ,MAL?US 7#a#g#f#f-#a#h#c#d7 WAS AN ,ANGLICAN M9I/] :O BECAME BE/ KN[N = HIS !ORY ( POPULATION FIR/ RELEAS$ AS AN >GUM5TATIVE PAMPHLET 9 #agih 7#a#g#i#h WAS ALSO ! YE> ?AT ,FR5* ,REVOLUTION>Y TROOPS L&$ 9 ,KILLALA ,BAY TO SUPPORT ! ,UNIT$ ,IRI%M5 REPUBLICAN UPRIS+74 

,HIS !ORY1 :I* HE SP5T ! RE/ ( HIS LIFE DESP]ATELY TRY+ TO F9D EVID5CE TO SUPPORT1 WAS ?AT POPULATION GR[? WAS GEOMETRIC 7IE #b1#d1#h1#a#f1#c#b1#f#d1#a#b#h4447 :]EAS ! GR[? 9 FOOD PRODUCTION WAS ONLY >I?METIC 7IE #b1#d1#f1#h1#a1#a#b1#a#d44474  ,FOLL[+ ?IS >GUM5T1 POPULATION GR[? WAS B\ND TO \T/RIP FOOD PRODUCTION1 & AS A CONSEQU5CE1 POPULATION HAD TO BE LIMIT$ EI!R BY 0MORAL RE/RA9T01 VICE1 OR MIS]Y4 

,BY VICE1 ,MAL?US MEANT PRO/ITUTION1 ABORTION1 9FANTICIDE & ! USE ( :ATEV] CONTRACEPTION EXI/$ AT ! TIME4  ,BY MIS]Y1 HE MEANT ! TRADITIONAL 0HORSEM5 ( ! ,APOCALYPSE0 -- W>1 FAM9E & PLAGUE4 

,UND]NEA? ALL ! POLITE TALK1 ,MAL?US' BASIC !ORY WAS ?AT 0! POOR0 7?AT'S US FOLKS67 W]E POOR BECAUSE !Y HAD F> TOO MU* SEX & TOO MANY *ILDR54  ,HE BASICALLY BELIEV$ ?AT ONLY ! RI* & MIDDLE CLASS HAD ! /R5G? TO BE 0MORALLY SELF DISCIPL9$0 AB\T NOT HAV+ *ILDR54  ,! VA/ MAJORITY ( O!RS W]E !RE=E DOOM$ TO HAVE !IR NUMB]S LIMIT$ BY W>1 FAM9E & PLAGUE4 

,IMMORAL ,E>N+S 

,MAL?US WAS ! FIR/ P]SON TO BE APPO9T$ AS A PR(ESSOR ( ,POLITICAL ,ECONOMY4  ,HIS PO/ WAS CREAT$ = HIM BY ! ,EA/ ,9DIA ,COMPANY :O HAD F\ND$ !IR [N COLLEGE 9 ,5GL&4 

,AS ,PR(ESSOR HE WAS ! *IEF JU/IFI] ( ! IMP]IALI/ ACTIVITIES ( ! ,EA/ ,9DIA ,COMPANY4  ,HIS PAMPHLET WAS HUGELY POPUL> AMONG ! ,5GLI% BOSS CLASS4  ,IT WAS ALSO ORIG9ALLY WRITT5 AS AN ATTACK ON ,WILLIAM ,GODW9'S WRIT+S 9 SUPPORT ( ! ,FR5* ,REVOLUTION1 & ! AN>*I/ IDEA ?AT ! S\RCE ( POV]TY WAS SOCIAL 9/ITUTIONS & ?AT !RE WAS 5\< RES\RCES = EV]YONE TO HAVE :AT !Y WANT$ AFT] A SOCIAL REVOLUTION4 

,BUT ,MAL?US' C\NT]-ATTACK WAS NOT 9 ANY WAY SCI5TIFIC OR RATIONAL -- IT WAS SIMPLY CLASS PREJUDICE1 FE> ( REVOLUTION & OLD ,PURITAN ANTI-,CA?OLIC CRAP WRAPP$ UP 9 NEW CLO!S4  ,AL?\< 9 COD$ =M1 IT IS CLE> ?AT ?IS DIVISION BETWE5 ! M9ORITY ABLE TO EX]CISE 0MORAL RE/RA9T0 & ! RE/ DE/9$ TO FACE ! CULL+ =CE ( MIS]Y1 WAS M]ELY ! OLD DIVISION BETWE5 ! P[] HOLD]S & ! RE/ ( US4 

,9 ! 5D1 ,MAL?US WAS CONV9C$1 ! NUMB]S ( ! POOR W\LD BE LIMIT$ BY FAM9E :I* 0) ONE MI<TY BL[1 LEVELS ! POPULATION ) ! FOOD ( ! WORLD04 

,!RE IS NOT 5\< ROOM H]E TO GO ?R\< ! FRANTIC HI/ORY ( ! CLASS /RUGGLE FROM #ah UP UNTIL #ahdf 9 DETAIL4  ,BUT TO UND]/& ! M9DS ( ! 9COM+ ,:IG GOV]NM5T 9 #ahdf A BRIEF \TL9E IS NE$$4 

,DUR+ ! ,NAPOLEONIC ,W>S1 ! ,TORIES HAD BE5 =C$ TO KEEP MU* ( ! >MY AT HOME TO KEEP D[N ! REVOLUTION4  ,! ,:IGS DECID$ TO RIDE ! WORK+ CLASS /RUGGLE TO P[] BY CAMPAIGN+ = RE=MS ( ! POLITICAL SY/EM4  ,!Y MADE MU* ( ! ,PET]LOO MASSACRE & EV5 P>TLY HELP$ TO F9ANCE & >M 0PHYSICAL =CE0 CLASS FI<T]S TO PUT ! %ITS UP ! ,TORIES4 

,HAV+ RIDD5 ! /RUGGLE TO P[] AT ! />T ( ! #a#h#cS1 ! ,:IGS MADE ! *ANGES !Y WANT$ 9 ! #ahcb ,RE=M ,ACT4  ,:5 ! WORK+ CLASS REALIZ$ !Y HAD BE5 RIPP$ (F BY ! ,:IGS !Y BEGAN TO GA!R >\ND ! ,*>TI/ CAMPAIGN1 MANY ( :OSE LEAD]S W]E ,IRI% LIKE ,F]GUS ,O',CONNOR & ,BRONT]RE ,O',BRI54  ,9 DESP]ATION1 ! ,:IGS ATTEMPT$ A P>LIAM5T>Y PACT ) ! LEAD] ( ! ,IRI% P>LIAM5T>IANS CAMPAIGN+ = REPEAL ( ! ,UNION -- ,DANIEL ,O',CONNELL4 

,! ,:IGS 5D$ UP BE+ SQUEEZ$ BETWE5 TWO FRONTS & LO/ P[] 9 #ahda AS A COMB9ATION ( >M$ ,*>TI/ UPRIS+S 9 ,BRAD=D & ,NEWPORT1 & ,O',CONNELL )DRAW+ SUPPORT 9 ,P>LIAM5T AFT] BE+ PISS$ >\ND = TOO LONG4  ,! ,TORY ,PEEL GOV]NM5T CAME 9 #ahda ) A SIMPLE PROGRAM3 REPRESSION BY BRUTE =CE & IGNORANCE4  ,PEEL'S NEW =CE1 ! ',PEEL]S' 7,BRITA9'S FIR/ POLICE =CE7 SP5T ! NEXT FEW YE>S1 P>TICUL>LY 9 ! ,NOR?1 0FI<T+ = \R LIVES0 AS ONE POLICE HI/ORIAN PUT IT4 

,BUT ,PEEL'S POLICE W]E UNPOPUL> NOT ONLY ) ! WORK+ CLASS PEOPLE HUNT+ !M D[N 9 ! /REETS1 BUT ALSO ) ! VOTE-HOLD+ BOSSES :O W]E SUPPOS$ TO PAY = !M4  ,OP5 CLASS W> 9 ! /REETS NOT ONLY FRI<T5$ ! BOSSES1 IT WAS CO/+ !M MONEY AS WELL4  ,?IS WAS ! BACKGR\ND AGA9/ :I* ,LORD ,JOHN ,RUSSELL1 DESC5DANT ( ONE ( ,CROMWELL'S LIEUT5ANTS1 BECAME ,PRIME ,M9I/] 9 #a#h#d#f4 

,LIKE MANY BOSSES HE SAW ! CRISIS ( WORK+ CLASS OPPOSITION AS BE+ CAUS$ BY LEAD]S & 0\TSIDE AGITATORS04  ,EV]Y:]E ,RUSSELL TURN$ W]E !SE '\TSIDE AGITATORS' -- ! ,IRI%1 F\<T BY HIS ,PURITAN FA!RS4 ,RUSSEL WAS GO+ TO HAVE TO F9D A SOLUTION TO ?IS ',IRI% ,PROBLEM'1 & PREF]ABLY ONE :I*1 UNLIKE ,PEEL'S 9V5TION ( ! COPS1 DIDN'T CO/ TOO MU* MONEY4  ,ALSO HE'D ALREADY TRI$ CONCESSIONS & TEMPOR>Y DEALS :I* HAD CO/ ! ,:IGS !IR P[]4 ,?IS TIME !Y WANT$ A MORE P]MAN5T SOLUTION4 

,EXAGG]ATION 

,O',CONNELL HAD BE5 MAK+ PASSIONATE SPEE*ES 9 ! ,COMMONS W>N+ ( A CATA/ROPHE IF NO?+ WAS DONE4  ,! ,BRITI% M$IA & POLITICIANS UNIT$ 9 REVIL+ HIM & CLAIM+ ?AT ! PROBLEM WAS EXAGG]AT$4  ,MEAN:ILE ,IRI% M51 WOM5 & *ILDR5 W]E ALREADY DROPP+ DEAD FROM ! 'EXAGG]ATION' ALL OV] ,IREL&4 

,AL?\< ! BLI<T HAD APPE>$ 9 #ahde ! FAILURE ( ?AT YE>'S H>VE/ WAS NOT TOTAL & WAS NOT MU* WORSE ?AN ! OCCASIONAL BAD H>VE/4  ,BUT ! FAILURE 9 #ahdf WAS TOTAL4  ,ALL OV] ,IREL& ! POTATO PLANTS W]E CONSUM$ 9TO A F\L MU% :I* TURN$ ! FIELDS BLACK :ILE ! POTATOES ROTT$ 9 ! GR\ND4  ,! SC5ES ( DEVA/ATION RECORD$ BY WRIT]S >\ND ! C\NTRY READ LIKE A VISION ( DAMNATION4  ,! ,CA?OLIC ,*UR* LAT] CYNICALLY >GU$ ?AT IT WAS EXACTLY ?AT4 

,MEAN:ILE1 ,RUSSEL'S ,:IGS C\LD WELL SEE ?AT ! POTATO CROP FAILURE REPRES5T$ AN OPPORTUNITY TO BR+ ! ,IRI% 9TO L9E ONCE & = ALL4  ,ONE ( ! FIR/ ?+S ,RUSSELL HAD DONE :5 COM+ TO P[] 9 #ahdf WAS TO *ANGE ! ,POOR ,LAW AS IT APPLI$ 9 ,IREL& SO AS TO MAKE POOR RELIEF ! SOLE RESPONSIBILITY ( ! ,IRI% L&[N]S1 FROM :I* CLASS ,O',CONNELL & HIS FOLL[]S CAME4 

,KILL+ ,TWO ,BIRDS 

,! AIM WAS TO KILL TWO BIRDS ) ONE /ONE -- TO EI!R BANKRUPT ,O',CONNELL & ! RE/ ( HIS CLASS1 OR AT LEA/ GET ! POOR TO BLAME !M = NOT SAV+ !M1 :ILE ALSO DI/RACT+ ATT5TION FROM ,RUSSELL'S PAYMA/]S3 ! ABS5TEE ,5GLI% L&LORDS & ,LONDON CORPORATIONS4 

,! NEXT ELECTIONS = ! ,IRI% ,WE/M9/] SEATS W]E COM+ UP 9 ,SUMM] #ahdg & ,RUSSELL WANT$ TO W9 !M FROM ,O',CONNELL & HIS P>TY4  ,TO ?AT 5D COSMETIC EF=TS AT FAM9E RELIEF 9CLUD+ S\P KIT*5S W]E PUBLICLY />T$ BY ,RUSSELL4 

,*>ITY 

,:IGS1 ACCOMPANI$ BY SOCIETY LADIES 9 ,LONDON1 />T$ *>ITABLE FAM9E RELIEF APPEALS4  ,IT DIDN'T WORK4  ,9 ! #ahdg ELECTIONS ?OSE ,IRI% :O C\LD VOTE OV]:ELM+LY BACK$ ,O',CONNELL & HIS DEM&S = SUSP5SION ( ALL R5T & RATES TO ! ,5GLI% & EXPORT ( FOOD1 :ILE DEM&+ PROP] FAM9E RELIEF & 9SI/+ ON REPEAL ( ! ,UNION4  ,RUSSELL WAS LIVID4  ,NO MORE ,LORD ,NICE ,GUY6  ,IT WAS TIME = ! 'HIDD5 H&' ( ! FREE M>KET IE ! HIDD5 H& ( ,GOD ACCORD+ TO ,RUSSELL & ,CO1 TO /RIKE D[N ! UNGRATEFUL ,IRI% ) ,MAL?US' 0ONE MI<TY BL[04 

,! ,PURITAN ,GOD 7OR 0M>KET =CES0 IF Y\ PREF]7 IS A V5GEFUL ,GOD1 P>TICUL>LY :5 IT COMES TO DEAL+ ) UNGRATEFUL ,IRI% ,CA?OLICS :O WON'T DO AS !IR ,5GLI% MA/]S TELL !M TO4  ,! *>ITABLE SOCIETIES W]E %UT D[N1 ALL RELIEF EF=TS W]E /OPP$ & ! M$IA CAMPAIGN BEGAN TO D5Y ?AT ! />VATION WAS HAPP5+1 OR ?AT IF IT WAS IT WAS ALL ! FAULT ( ! ,IRI% ANYWAY4 

,:E!R 9 /REET FI<T+ OR A CLASS FAC+ ADV]SITY1 !RE IS1 UP TO A C]TA9 PO9T1 A S5SE ( ! 9DIVIDUAL BELONG+ TO A L>G] GR\P & ?AT AS LONG AS Y\ /ICK TOGE!R Y\ CAN T\< IT \T -- SAFETY 9 NUMB]S4  ,BEYOND ?AT PO9T H[EV]1 9 ! FACE ( SEEM+LY C]TA9 DEA?1 ?AT S5SE ( ! GR\P WAV]S & BREAKS AS PANIC TURNS ! GR\P 9TO A COLLECTION ( 9DIVIDUALS =C$ TO RUN = !IR LIVES ON ! BASIS ( EV]YONE = !MSELVES4 

,WRIT+ ON ! ,WALL 

,! ,IRI% SMALL PEASANTS & WORK]S HAD HELD ON ?R\< ! UNIMAG9ABLE SUFF]+ ( LATE #ahdf & E>LY #ahdg 9 ! HOPE ( SEE+ RELIEF AFT] ! ELECTIONS4  ,! POTATO CROP DID NOT FAIL AFT] #ahdg BUT !RE HAD BE5 NO SE$ POTATOES LEFT AFT] ! PREVI\S YE>'S FAILURE SO !RE WAS VIRTUALLY NO H>VE/ TO COME & TYPHUS & *OL]A W]E RIFE ?R\<\T ! L&4 

,N[ !Y C\LD READ ! WRIT+ ON ! WALL 9 ,LONDON4  ,IT WAS ONE WORD & ! WORD WAS DEA?4  ,AT SOME PO9T ! :OLE ,IRI% WORK+ CLASS />$ DEA? 9 ! FACE4 ,! /REAM ( EMIGRANTS TURN$ 9TO A FLOOD4 

,! S5SE ( BELONG+ TO A GR\P HAD GONE & EV]YBODY WAS LEFT TO SAVE !MSELVES AS BE/ !Y C\LD4  ,?OSE :O C\LD GET A TICKET ON A BOAT FL$ = !IR LIVES4  ,?OSE ?AT C\LDN'T1 ESPECIALLY 9 ! POOR] >EAS 9 ! WE/ & S\? ( ,IREL&1 JU/ DI$4  ,!Y DI$ 9 ! FIELDS1 9 !IR H\SES1 & BY ! ROADSIDES4  ,) NO ONE TO BURY !M1 !Y ROTT$ :]E !Y FELL4  ,BUT NOT SO 9 ! *UR*ES1 MO/ ( :OSE GATES W]E *A9$ & LOCK$ TO KEEP ! DESP]ATION ( ! />V+ PEOPLE \T4 

,!N 9 #ahdh ! POTATO H>VE/ HAD ANO!R TOTAL FAILURE4  ,?IS TIME ! ,LONDON NEWSPAP]S SAID NO?+4  ,AS F> AS !Y W]E CONC]N$ IT WASN'T HAPP5+1 & EV5 IF IT WAS IT WAS NO?+ TO DO ) !M4  ,! 0,:ITE ,MAN'S ,BURD50 DIDN'T GO AS F> AS FE$+ ! />V+4  ,! ,BRITI% EMPIRE RUL$ OV] ,IREL& GU>ANTEE+ ! ,PAX ,BRITANNICA 7,BRITI% ,PEACE71 BUT 9 ,CONNAU<T & ,MUN/] IT WAS ! PEACE ( ! DEAD4 

,9DEP5D5CE 

,NOT ALL ?OSE :O /AY$ DI$4  ,!RE WAS FOOD 9 ,IREL& & 9 ! RE/ ( ! WORLD4  ,?OSE :O HAD MONEY DID NOT />VE4  ,?OSE :O HAD L>G] PIECES ( L& & GREW O!R CROPS ALSO PULL$ ?R\<4  ,! PO9T WAS ?AT ?OSE :OSE LIVES DEP5D$ ON ! POTATO W]E ! WORK]S &1 ESPECIALLY1 ! SMALL PEASANTS :O HAD RESI/$ LOS+ ! 9DEP5D5CE ( SELF-SUFFICI5CY ?AT L& [N]%IP GIVES4  ,!Y HAD LITTLE OR NO MONEY BECAUSE !Y W]E /ILL TRY+ TO LIVE \TSIDE ! FULL CONTROL ( ! BOSSES & ! MONEY SY/EM4 

,9 A LETT] TO ONE ( HIS COLLEAGUES1 A 'POLITICAL ECONOMI/' SAID 0NO P]MAN5T OR SUB/ANTIAL GOOD CAN BE DONE UNTIL ALL SMALL F>MS & SMALL T5ANCIES >E GOT RID (4  ,!Y >E CALCULAT$ TO DE/ROY ?AT :OLESOME DEP5D5CE ( ! L[] ON ! UPP] CLASSES1 :I* IS ONE ( ! MA/] L9KS ( SOCIETY2 & TO 5C\RAGE ! HABITS ( IDL5ESS1 :I* >E ! BANE ( ALL MORAL FEEL+444,! TWO DEFICI5CIES 9 ,IREL& >E WANT ( CAPITAL & WANT ( 9DU/RY4  ,BY DE/ROY+ SMALL T5ANCIES Y\ OBTA9 BO?04 

,UNGOV]NABLE 

,! ,GREAT ,HUNG] C]TA9LY DE/ROY$ ! SELF-SUFFICI5CY ( ! ,IRI% SMALL PEASANTRY & MU* BESIDES4  ,! LANGUAGE WAS ALMO/ DE/ROY$ & ?R\< ?IS & ! G5]AL DEVA/ATION P]HAPS ! BULK ( ,IRI% CULTURE1 MU* ( IT MEMORIZ$ RA!R ?AN RECORD$ ON PAP]1 WAS LO/ = EV]4  ,BUT IF ! ,5GLI% ?\<T ?AT ?IS W\LD DE/ROY ,IRI% RESI/ANCE TO ,5GLI% RULE1 ! OPPOSITE WAS TRUE4 

,REFUGEES FROM ! ,HUNG] FLOCK$ TO ! 9DU/RIAL ,NOR? ( ! C\NTRY1 P>TICUL>LY ,BELFA/1 :]E !IR DESC5DANTS TODAY MAKE UP ! UNGOV]NABLE =CE ?AT IS ! ,REPUBLICAN COMMUNITY ( ?AT CITY4 ,WORSE /ILL FROM ! P]SPECTIVE ( ! UPP] CLASS ! SPREAD ( ,IRI% >\ND ! WORLD -- P>TICUL>LY 9 ! ,U,S,A & ,AU/RALIA -- HELP$ TO PROVIDE POLITICAL & F9ANCIAL SUPPORT TO ! EXCLUD$ ,REPUBLICAN COMMUNITIES ( ! ,BRITI%-OCCUPI$ ,NOR?4  ,?IS ALSO N>R[S ! ,BRITI% UPP] CLASS'S ROOM = MILIT>I/ MANEUV]S4 

,IRI% EMIGRANTS & !IR DESC5DANTS HAVE CONT9U$ TO PLAY A /RONG ROLE 9 ! CLASS /RUGGLE 9 ,BRITA9 & ELSE:]E 9 ! WORLD 9 ANTI-CAPITALI/ & ANTI-IMP]IALI/ MOVEM5TS4  ,NATURALLY BE+ ,IRI% OR ,IRI%-DESC5D$ DOESN'T DET]M9E Y\R POLITICS OR \TLOOK ON LIFE4  ,BUT :5 IT COMES TO PEOPLE DY+ ( HUNG] BECAUSE !Y HAVE NO MONEY EV5 ?\< !RE'S 5\< FOOD = EV]YONE1 ?OSE ( US :O SAY 0FUCK ! MONEY -- GIVE 'EM ! FOOD -- N[60 WON'T TAKE NO = AN ANSW]4 

,9 ! '#hS ,BOB ,GELD( SET UP ,LIVE ,AID TO RAISE MONEY = ! />V+ 9 ,E?IOPIA4  ,WE SAY ,GELD( IS A TRAITOR TO ! MEMORY ( ! ,GREAT ,HUNG] BECAUSE HE HELP$ TO CREATE A SPECTACLE :I* COV]$ UP ! POLITICAL CAUSES ( HUNG] & ! MONEY SY/EM :I* CAUSES IT4  ,UNTIL ! MONEY SY/EM :I* DICTATES ?AT ?OSE )\T MONEY TO BUY FOOD MU/ />VE IS DE/ROY$ & REPLAC$ BY A SOCIAL SY/EM :I* GU>ANTEES ALL PEOPLE1 )\T EXCEPTION1 ! RI<T TO FOOD ON ! BASIS ( VALU+ HUMAN LIFE = ITS [N SAKE1 WE WILL NEV] RE/4 

,FACE ,UP6 

,WE WILL FI<T LIKE FUCK1 & ANY BA/>D PACIFI/ :O CONDEMNS US = FI<T+ HAD BETT] FIR/ EXPLA9 :Y !IR H]O1 F\ND] & PRESID5T ( ! ,CAMPAIGN = ,NUCLE> ,DIS>MAM5T1 & HOLI] ?AN ?\ PACIFI/ ,B]TR& ,RUSSELL NEV] HAD ANY?+ TO SAY AB\T ! MASS MURD] COMMITT$ BY HIS GR&FA!R1 ,LORD ,JOHN ,RUSSELL4 

,AS = ! SCUM \T !RE :O M]ELY REGURGITATE ! MURD]\S IDEAS ( ,MAL?US & !N HAVE ! N]VE TO WRAP !M 9 A ,GRE5 'DEEP ECOLOGY' FLAG1 Y\'D BE WELL ADVIS$ TO KEEP \T ( ! WAY AS WELL4 

,ONE ?+'S = SURE2 WE'VE GOT A BONE TO PICK ) ! ,BRITI% ,EMPIRE & ! CAPITALI/ SY/EM :I* CONDEMNS PEOPLE TO DEA? BY />VATION = ! CRIME ( BE+ POOR4  ,ACTUALLY WE'VE GOT LOTS ( BONES TO PICK4  ,FUCK+ MILLIONS ( BONES4 

,IF Y\ ?9K ?IS >TICLE HAS BE5 TOO SIMPLI/IC & BIAS$1 P]HAPS Y\'D LIKE TO *ECK \T ! 5TRY = 0,IRI% ,FAM9E0 9 ! ,5CYCLOP$IA ,BRITANNICA = A FULL] & MORE UNBIAS$ EXPOSITION ( ! FACTS4  ,IT DOESN'T TAKE V]Y LONG TO READ4 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,JANU>Y #b#i1 #bba 3 ,! ,GREAT ,HUNG] -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #g1 #bbb 3 ,! ,GREAT ,HUNG] -- ,UPDAT$4 

 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3  
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