,! ,LIT]ATURE ( ,ROMANCE & ( ,REALISM 

#aic 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,ROSS ,W9N 

,TEXT 3 

,IT HAS BE5 REM>K$ ?AT ! T5D5CY ( LIT]ATURE 9 ALL C\NTRIES TODAY IS T[>DS :AT IS CALL$ REALISM1 OR ?AT ME?OD :I* DEALS ) HUMAN LIFE & ACTION AS IT IS RA!R ?AN AS IT %\LD BE1 AS UND] ! ME?OD ( ! PURELY ROMANTIC4 ,?IS IS ESPECIALLY TRUE ( ! LIT]ATURE ( ,G]MANY1 ( ,FRANCE1 ( ,RUSSIA1 & ( ,AM]ICA -- IF WE CAN PROP]LY SAY ?AT ,AM]ICA HAS A LIT]ATURE4 

,?IS T5D5CY IS NOT ! RESULT ( FA%ION1 FAD1 OR ! IMPULSE ( IMITATION4 ,LIT]ATURE IS A REFLEX ( ! NATIONAL M9D4 ,?IS IS NOT D5Y+ ?AT LIT]ATURE IS ! MO/ P[]FUL FACTOR 9 MOLD+ ! HUMAN 9TELLECT1 OR ?AT ALL 9TELLECTUAL ADVANCEM5T ( ! MASSES IS DUE 9 GREATE/ MEASURE TO ! G5IUS ( ! WRIT]S & ?9K]S ( EV]Y NATION4 ,BUT G5IUS ITSELF CANNOT ESCAPE ! 9FLU5CE ( 5VIRONM5T4 

,! LIT]ATURE ( ROMANCE HAS ALWAYS FL\RI%$ 9 ?AT C\NTRY & AGE :]E & :5 NO GREAT PROBLEMS & REVOLUTIONS OCCUPI$ ! PUBLIC ATT5TION4 ,BUT :5 A TRANSITION P]IOD APPE>S1 & ! PUBLIC M9D IS AGITAT$ ) QUE/IONS ( SOCIAL GR[?1 EI!R RELIGI\S1 POLITICAL1 OR ECONOMIC1 WE F9D ALWAYS ?IS T5D5CY T[>DS REALISM MANIFE/+ ITSELF 9 ! LIT]ATURE ( EV]Y NATION4 ,AS AN EXAMPLE TAKE ! LIT]ATURE ( ,*9A1 A NATION :I* HAS BE5 /AGNANT = C5TURIES2 & H] LIT]ATURE HAS LESS ( REALISM & MORE ( ! ROMANTIC ORD]1 ?AN ?AT ( ANY O!R PEOPLE4 

,! AGITATION ( ECONOMIC QUE/IONS & ESPECIALLY :AT IS T]M$ ! CLASS /RUGGLE 9 ,G]MANY1 ,FRANCE1 & ,RUSSIA1 HAS EX]T$ A P[]FUL 9FLU5CE UPON ! LIT]ATURE ( ?OSE C\NTRIES1 RESULT+ 9 ! PRES5T PR$OM9ATION ( :AT IS CALL$ ! S*OOL ( REALISM4 ,TODAY1 9 ,FRANCE1 ! UND]-CURR5T ( ?\<T =M+ ! BASIS ( ?AT C\NTRY'S LIT]ATURE IS ESS5TIALLY 9DIVIDUALI/IC1 OR RA!R ,AN>*I/IC1 :ILE 9 ,G]MANY ! SAME UND]-CURR5T ( LIT]>Y ?\<T SETS T[>DS IDEALI/IC ,SOCIALISM4 

,9 ,RUSSIA1 :]E ! /RUGGLE = POLITICAL FRE$OM OV]%AD[S ! ECONOMIC QUE/ION1 ?IS SAME SPIRIT ( ,AN>*ISM P]VADES ! NATIONAL LIT]ATURE1 ITS *IEF EXPON5TS BE+ ,LEO ,TOL/OY & ,MAXIM ,GORKY4 ,9 \R [N ,AM]ICA1 ! IDEALS ( ,AN>*ISM & ,SOCIALISM >E CONT9UALLY GA9+ ADH]5TS AMONG ! POPUL> WRIT]S4 

,?OSE :O CAN SEE 9 ! ,SOCIALI/-,AN>*I/ MOVEM5T NO?+ BUT A BL9D SPIRIT ( DISCONT5T WILL F9D1 9 ! LIT]ATURE ( TODAY1 A REFUTATION ( ?AT CONCEPTION4 ,!SE POLITICO-ECONOMIC IDEALS >E ?RON$ UPON ! WORLD'S BRA91 & LIVE 9 ! PHILOSOPHY ( ! AGE4 ,AN>*ISM & ,SOCIALISM >E NOT SOCIAL !ORIES M]ELY2 !Y >E LIV+ PR9CIPLES ( HUMAN ?\<T ?AT SL[LY BUT 9EVITABLY >E PU%+ T[>DS UNIV]SAL RECOGNITION4 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #aib 3 ,! ,LIT]ATURE ( ,ROMANCE & ( ,REALISM -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,APRIL #b#g1 #bb 3 ,! ,LIT]ATURE ( ,ROMANCE & ( ,REALISM -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #d1 #bbb 3 ,! ,LIT]ATURE ( ,ROMANCE & ( ,REALISM -- ,UPDAT$4 

 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3  
HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/