,! ,MORAL ,BASIS ( ,SOCIALISM 

#ahhh 

,PEOPLE 3 

,$ITOR 3 ,*>LOTTE ,WILSON 

,TAGS 3 REV]5CE = ! /ATE1 9/ITUTIONS ( SOCIETY1 MORAL BASIS1 MORAL PLAT=M1 9DIVIDUAL DESIRE1 P]SONIFI$ HUMANITY1 MORAL NE$1 F9AL CRIT]ION1 9DIVIDUAL1 SOCIETY4 

,TEXT 3 

  

,PHOTO BY ,I,L,O 9 ,ASIA & ! ,PACIFIC1,C,C ,B,Y-,N,C-,N,D ,LIC5SE 7,BY A NON-,AN>*I/ CORRESPOND5T47"9 

,! ABOVE WRITT5 TITLE IS ?AT ( AN ESSAY BY ,MR4 ,K>L ,PE>SON1 TO :OSE OP9IONS ON ,SOCIALISM SOME REF]5CE WAS MADE 9 ! ,OCTOB] NUMB] ( ,FRE$OM4 ,! ESSAY HAS = SOME TIME PA/ BE5 FAMILI> TO US 9 PAMPHLET =M1 & IS RE-ISSU$ 9 ,MR4 ,PE>SON'S REC5TLY PUBLI%$ VOLUME ( CONTRIBUTIONS TO ',! ,E?IC ( ,FREE?\<T4' ,N[ ?AT IT IS ?US SURR\ND$ & BUTTRESS$ BY COMPLEM5T>Y DISS]TATIONS1 IT IS P]HAPS NOT UNFAIR TO GIVE UTT]ANCE TO A DISSATISFACTION :I* WILL HAVE BE5 FELT BY A GOOD MANY ,SOCIALI/S AT ! MANN] 9 :I* ! PROMISE ( ! TITLE HAP BE5 FULFILL$4 & TO ATTEMPT SOME 9DICATION ( :AT IT IS ?AT IS REQUIR$ = ITS FULFILLM5T4 

0,NOT FROM FE> ( HELL10 WRITES ,MR4 ,PE>SON1 0NOT FROM HOPE ( HEAV51 FROM NO LOVE ( A TORTUR$ MAN-GOD BUT SOLELY = ! SAKE ( ! SOCIETY ( :I* ,I AM A MEMB]1 & ! WELF>E ( :I* IS MY WELF>E-= ! SAKE ( MY FELL[-M5-,I ACT MORALLY1 ?AT IS1 SOCIALLY4 ,POSITIVISM HAS RECOGNIZ$ 9 IT VAGUE IMPRACTICABLE FA%ION ?IS1 !1  ONLY POSSIBLE BASIS ( A RATIONAL MORALITY2 IT PLACES ! PROGRESS ( MANK9D 9 ! C5T] ( ITS CRE$1 & V5]ATES A  P]SONIFI$ ,HUMANITY4 ,SOCIALISM AS A MORE PRACTICAL FAI? TEA*ES US ?AT ! FIR/ DUTY ( MAN  IS TO NO G5]AL CONCEPT ( ,HUMANITY BUT TO ! GR\P ( HUMANS TO  :I* HE BELONGS0 7,POSITIVISM1 AS ,MR4 ,PE>SON \<T TO KN[1 TEA*ES PRECISELY ! SAME7 0& ?AT MAN'S V5]ATION IS DUE TO ! /ATE :I* P]SONIFIES ?AT SOCIAL GR\P40 ,I MU/ PROTE/ 9 PASS+1 ?AT ,I1 & ,I ?9K MO/ O!R PEOPLE1 >E MORE DISPOS$ TO V5]ATE ,HUMANITY ?AN  ! ,BRITI% ,PUBLIC1 ! C\NTY ( ,LONDON ?AN ! P>I% ( ,PADD+TON1 & ?AT ,MR4 ,PE>SON'S DI/9CTION APPE>S TO ME TO T5D T[>DS !  VE/RIFICATION ( RELIGION4 ,BUT1 TO QUOTE FUR!R1 0,CORPORATE SOCIETY-! ,/ATE1 NOT P]SONIFI$ ,HUMANITY1-BECOMES ! C5T] ( ! ,SOCIALI/'S FAI?404440,SOCIALISM DEM&S ( EA* 9DIVIDUAL S]VICE TO ,SOCIETY 9CORPORAT$ 9 ! ,/ATE40 4 4 4 0,! /R5G? ( ! FAMILY TIE IS DISAPPE>+4 ,WE MU/ LE>N TO REPLACE IT 9 TIME BY RESPECT = P]SONIFI$ ,SOCIETY1 BY REV]5CE = ! ,/ATE40 ,N[ IT IS NOT NECESS>Y TO DISS5T FROM !SE PROPOSITIONS1 :I* ADMIT ( QUITE UNOBJECTIONABLE 9T]PRETATION1 BUT IF WE SUBJO9 TO EA* ( !M ! 9T]ROGATORY 0,:Y80 WE %ALL HAVE TO COMPLA9 ?AT WE F9D NO CLE> ANSW] 9 ,MR4 ,PE>SON'S ESSAY OR 9 ITS COMPANIONS4 ,& ?IS IS NOT GIV+ US A MORAL BASIS1 ?\< IT MAY LEAVE US ) A V]Y GOOD PLAT=M4 ,MR4 ,PE>SON DOES 9 FACT SKET* V]Y ABLY ! MORAL PLAT=M (  ,SOCIALISM1 BUT PRES5TS ITS PLANKS AS UNSUPPORT$ DOGMAS4 ,NO ONE IS LIKELY TO SUSPECT HIM1 ?OR\<-GO+ S5SATIONALI/ AS HE CLAIMS TO BE1 ( 9ABILITY TO 9DICATE ! F\NDATION ( !SE DOGMAS ON ! ACTUAL BASIS ( MORALITY1 BUT WE REGRET ! ABS5CE ( SU* AN EXPOSITION1 MORE ESPECIALLY S9CE IT1 MAY R\SE ! EV]-WAT*FUL NO/RIL ( SOME FELL[-EMPIRICI/ TO A SUSPICION ?AT HE SMELLS1 9 SU* A S5T5CE AS ! FOLL[+1 SOME K9D ( TRANSC5D5TAL RAT4 0,SOCIALI/IC PR9CIPLES 9SI/ PRIM>ILY ON ! MORAL NE$ ?AT EA* 9DIVIDUAL ACCORD+ TO HIS P[]S %\LD WORK = ! COMMUNITY40 ,P]FECTLY TRUE1 BUT :51 UND] ! TITLE ( A 0MORAL BASIS10 SU* PHRASES AS0FIR/ DUTY10 0REV]5CE = ! ,/ATE10 0MORAL NE$10 >E US$1 WE CANNOT HELP REMEMB]+ ?AT TO MANY !Y WILL1 )\T ! ABS5T EXPLANATION1 M]ELY RECALL ! 0/]N DAU<T] ( ! VOICE ( ,GOD10 OR ! 0,CATEGORICAL ,IMP]ATIVE0 ( ,KANT4 

,! FACT IS ?AT ,SOCIALISM HAS NO PECULI> MORAL BASIS4 ,IT HAS A MORAL PLAT=M1 OR BODY ( *>ACT]I/IC OP9ION AS TO :AT IS GOOD = ! LIFE ( MAN1 JU/ AS ,JUDAISM OR ,*RI/IANITY HAD !IRS2 BUT ITS BASIS1 OR F9AL CRIT]ION1 ( MORALS IS NOT DIFF]5T FROM ?AT ( ANY O!R PHILOSOPHY F\ND$ LIKE ITSELF 0ON ! AGNO/IC TREATM5T ( ! SUP]S5SU\S10 :I* IGNORES1 ?AT IS1 !OLOGY & METAPHYSICS4 ,?IS BIAS1 OR F9AL CRIT]ION1 IS 9DIVIDUAL DESIRE1 & NO?+ ELSE4 

,TO ! S5SATIONALI/1 AS ,MR4 ,PE>SON 9 ANO!R ESSAY PO9TS \T1 ! PRIM>Y FACT P]CEPTIBLE 9 ! UNIV]SE IS MOTION4 ,\T ( ?IS WE SEP>ATE ! NOTIONS ( MATT] & =CE1 ! LATT] AN ATTRIBUTE ( ! =M]1 & ALONE 9DICAT+ ITS EXI/5CE4 ,WE MAY FOLL[ 9 LEGITIMATE IMAG9ATION ! EVOLUTION ( LIFE ?R\< 9CREAS+LY COMPLEX COMB9ATIONS ( MATT] ACCOMPANI$ BY 9CREAS+ SPECIALIZATION 9 ! NATURE ( ! =CES MANIFE/$1 ?R\< 9ORGANIC1 VEGETABLE1 ANIMAL LIFE1 ) NO DI/+UI%ABLE B\ND>Y TO *ECK US1 & !IR CORRESPOND+ =CE-ASPECTS ( *EMICAL 5]GY1 GR[?1 ! WILL TO LIVE1 ! DESIRE ( ! 9DIVIDUAL RECOGNIZ$ BY HIS [N UND]/&+4 ,IT IS ! DET]M9ATION  ( ! 9DIVIDUAL TO LIVE1 & TO LIVE FREELY & FULLY1 SATISFY+ HIS [N DESIRE1 ?AT ! EMPIRICAL /UD5T ( SOCIETY RECOGNIZES AS ITS ULTIMATE & ELEM5T>Y FACT4 ,ALL ASSOCIATION1 ALL ! 9/ITUTIONS ( SOCIETY >E & MU/ EV] BE ! PRODUCT ( ! ACTION ( 9DIVIDUALS SEEK+ AN AV5UE TO ! ATTA9M5T ( ?IS FRE$OM4 

,:AT ,MR4 ,PE>SON CALLS ! 0,E?IC ( ,R5UNCIATION0 IS AN ATTEMPT TO %IRK ! PROBLEM ( FRE$OM BY ! EXT9CTION ( DESIRE4 ,?IS IS A K9D ( DEA?1 & ! PEOPLES :O HAVE BE5 CAPABLE ( ACCEPT+ SU* A PHILOSOPHY 7AS 9 ! =M ( ,BUDDHISM7 >E 9DIVIDUALLY 5SLAV$ & NATIONALLY UNPROGRESSIVE UNTIL SOME NEW ACCESSION ( LIFE %ALL /IR !M TO BREAK ITS *A94 ,IT IS BECAUSE ! NOR?-WE/]N RACES ( ,EUROPE1 & !IR DESC5DANTS 9 ,AM]ICA1 HAVE BE5 FULL-BLOOD$ & /RONG1 EV5 TO CO>S5ESS1 ?AT !Y HAVE \T/RIPP$ ! MORE 9TELLECTUAL1 BUT MILD]-TEMP]$ ,H9DU4 

,! HI/ORY ( CONV5TIONAL MORALITY IS ! HI/ORY ( ! HABITS :I* 9DIVIDUALS HAVE JUDG$ CONDUCIVE TO ! 5SURANCE ( !IR LIFE & ( SU* FRE$OM AS !Y F\ND !Y C\LD ATTA94 ,9 PRIMITIVE SOCIETY-! M]E PACK+ ( 9DIVIDUALS LIKE WOLVES-! 9DIVIDUAL WAS /R5G!N$ 9 HIS /RUGGLE = B>E EXI/5CE1 ! PRESSURE ( ! WORLD UPON HIM WAS LI<T5$1 BY COOP]ATION1 & HE C\LD CONCEIVE & SEEK ! SATISFACTION ( NEW DESIRES4 ,FROM ?AT P]IOD ONW>D1 & EV] MORE AS SOCIETY GREW TO BE 9 MORE RESPECTS ! GU>ANTEE ( FRE$OM TO ! 9DIVIDUAL1 ACTS DE/RUCTIVE ( OR H>MFUL TO SOCIETY HAVE BE5 RES5T$ BY ! 9DIVIDUALS COMPOS+ IT AS 5DANG]+ !IR [N SMALL PORTION ( LIB]TY & COM=T4 ,SU* ACTS >E 9DIRECTLY SUICIDAL = !IR DO]1 AS DE/ROY+ ! CONDITIONS ( HIS [N FRE$OM1 & P5AL LEGISLATION IS1 9 !ORY1 AIM$ AT MAK+ !M DIRECTLY SUICIDAL BY 5TAIL+ IMM$IATE PUNI%M5T4 ,CLASS MORALITY & CLASS LEGISLATION1 IT MAY BE OBS]V$1 5JO9 OR CONDEMN ONLY ?OSE ACTIONS & HABITS :I* AFFECT ! LIB]TY ( ! 9DIVIDUALS ( ! CLASS4 

,= MANY ?\S& YE>S ! 9DIVIDUAL FROM HIS BIR? WAS TAU<T ?AT MORALITY CONSI/$ 9 OBEY+ ! LAWS & CONV5TIONS :I* BE F\ND E/ABLI%$ 9 HIS SOCIETY4 ,!SE OBLIGATIONS W]E IMPOS$ BY ! WILL ( ! GODS4 ,AMONG ! *IEF REASONS ( ! AMAZ+ SUCCESS & 9FLU5CE ( ! ,*RI/IAN RELIGION W]E ITS ASS]TIONS ?AT GOD WAS NOT EXT]NAL TO MAN1 BUT 9C>NATE 9 HIM1 ?AT GOD WAS LOVE1 & ?AT REG5]ATE MAN WAS FRE$ FROM ! LAW1 & HIS MORALITY 5TIRELY 9DEP5D5T !RE(4 ,! PLA9 MEAN+ ( !SE ASS]TIONS1 FRE$ FROM ITS !OLOGICAL SETT+ IS ( P]MAN5T TRU? & VALUE4 ,FROM OBS]VATION & EXP]I5CE ,SOCIALI/S 9F] ?AT :5 ONCE ! 9/ITUTIONS ( SOCIETY HAVE BE5 SO ADJU/$ ?AT ! 9DIVIDUAL CAN GET4 )\T FI<T+ = IT1 N\RI%M5T & MA9T5ANCE = HIS BODY & ! LEISURE NECESS>Y TO EMANCIPATE HIS M9D FROM IGNORANCE & D>KNESS1 HIS SECOND>Y DESIRES WILL BE ( A K9D :I* CAN ONLY ATTA9 !IR SATISFACTION1 OR APPROA* !RETO1 9 A HEAL?Y & HAPPY SOCIETY1 ! DESIRE ( KN[L$GE1 ! 9T]E/S ( SOCIAL 9T]C\RSE1 ! DELI<T 9 LIT]ATURE1 9 >T1 9 MUSIC1 & G5]ALLY 5FOLD+ !SE1 ! SOCIAL 9/9CT1 LOVE1 ! WIDE/ & MO/ ,9SATIABLE ( ALL ! PASSIONS ( ! 9DIVIDUAL4 

,!SE DESIRES WE SAY1 SPR+ UP1 :5 ! FIR/ CONDITIONS ( FRE$OM >E ATTA9$4 ,!SE DESIRES HAVE CREAT$ ! CIVILIZATION & CULTURE ( ! WORLD1 9 SPITE ( ! CLASS DOM9ANCE & SLAV]Y /ILL SUBSI/+4 ,BORN 9TO ! TANGLE ( \R MOD]N LIFE1 IGNORANT & WEAK & ALMO/ BL9D1 ! 9DIVIDUAL F9DS IT LAID UPON HIM ?AT HE TAKE UP HIS MANHOOD & GO =W>D4 ,IF ,SOCIETY HAS %UT HIM \T FROM H] WORK%OPS & H] S*OOLS LIE WILL JO9 ?AT SUPPLEM5T>Y 0SOCIETY0 ! SO-CALL$ 0CRIM9AL CLASS40 ,IF HE IS 5D[$ ) HEAL? & CAN AVAIL HIMSELF ( ! SOCIAL MA*9]Y = HIS [N 9/RUCTION & MA9T5ANCE1 HE WILL PROBABLY BECOME A GOOD CITIZ54 ,BETWE5 !SE TWO FATES LIE ?OSE ( ! DISEAS$1 ! WEAKLY1 ! UNLUCKY & ?OSE DISPLAC$ BY COMPETITION 9 9DU/RY1 :O >E ALL LIABLE TO BE DRIV5 9TO HABITS & ACTIONS ACC\NT$ IMMORAL4 ,SOCIALI/S1 RECOGNIZ+ ?AT 9DIVIDUAL DESIRE 9 A :OLESOME SOCIETY WILL ALMO/ 9V>IABLY F9D ITS HI<E/ SATISFACTION 9 SOCIAL ACTION1 WORK TO E/ABLI% SU* CONDITIONS AS %ALL REMOVE FROM EV]Y *ILD & EV]Y MAN ! TRAMMELS ( WEAKNESS & /UPIDITY :I* N[ PROMOTE IMMORAL ACTIONS4 

0,ALL ?+S >E LAWFUL = ME1 BUT ALL ?+S >E NOT EXP$I5T40 ,ONLY $UCATION 9 SOCIETY CAN TEA* ! 9DIVIDUAL :AT IS MO/ TRULY EXP$I5T = HIM4 ,! ,SOCIALI/ 0MORAL PLAT=M0 WILL GIVE HIM EXCELL5T RULES = GUIDANCE 9 HIS NON-AGE1 BUT NOT UNTIL HE ACTS SOCIALLY = ! SATISFACTION ( HIS [N 9DIVIDUAL DESIRE1 AP>T FROM ANY S5SE ( DUTY OR OBLIGATION1 CAN HE BE 9 TRU? A FREE & MORAL AG5T4       ,S44 

"9,:5 \R CORRESPOND5T HAS DROPP$ HIS OPPORTUNISM & C>RI$ TO ITS LOGICAL CONCLUSION HIS BELIEF 9 ! SELF SATISFACTION ( ! 9DIVIDUAL AS ! BASIS ( MORALS1 WE ?9K HE WILL NO L[] /YLE HIMSELF 0NON-,AN>*I/40 ,IF ! ,SOCIALI/ P>TY HAD ACCEPT$ ?IS PR9CIPLE SO UNIV]SALLY AS HE SEEMS TO IMPLY1 WE %\LD BE F> NE>] ! DAY ( TRUE FRE$OM ?AN AT PRES5T4 -.<,$4.> 

,FRE$OM3 ,A ,J\RNAL ( ,AN>*I/ ,SOCIALISM 

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