,TRANSLATOR'S ,NOTES 

#ahhgahhg 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,PET] ,KROPOTK9 

,TEXT 3 

  

,PHOTO BY ,GONZALE1,C,C ,B,Y-,N,C ,LIC5SE ,:5 ,KROPOTK9 WAS 9VIT$ BY ,JEAN ,GRAVE1 $ITOR ( ,LES ,TEMPS ,N\VEAUX1 TO TAKE P>T 9 A S]IES ( LECTURES TO BE HELD 9 ! ,MILLES ,COLONNES ,HALL 9 ,P>IS 9 ,M>* #a#h#i#f1 HE *OSE TWO SUBJECTS3 ,! ,/ATE3 ,ITS ,HI/ORIC ,ROLE & ,AN>*ISM3 ,ITS ,PHILOSOPHY & ,ITS ,IDEAL4 ,BE>+ 9 M9D ?AT HIS GREATE/ WORK1 ,MUTUAL ,AID1 HAD BE5 APPE>+ AS A S]IES ( >TICLES 9 ,! ,N9ETE5? ,C5TURY FROM #a#h#i-#a#h#i#f HIS *OICE ( SUBJECTS = !SE LECTURES IS NOT SURPRIS+4 ,KROPOTK9 EXPLA9S 9 ! ,FR5* $ITION ( HIS ,MEMOIRS 0,! RESE>* ?AT ,I C>RI$ \T 9 ! C\RSE ( FAMILI>IZ+ MYSELF ) ! 9/ITUTIONS ( ! B>B>IAN P]IOD & ?OSE ( ! FREE CITIES ( ! ,MIDDLE ,AGES1 L$ ME TO C>RY \T FUR!R 9T]E/+ RESE>* ON ! ROLE PLAY$ BY ! ,/ATE DUR+ ! LA/ ?REE C5TURIES1 FROM ! TIME ( ITS LA/ 9C>NATION 9 ,EUROPE4 ,9 ADDITION ! /UDY ( 9/ITUTIONS ( MUTUAL AID 9 ! DIFF]5T P]IODS ( CIVILIZATION L$ ME TO 9QUIRE AS TO H[ ! DEVELOPM5T ( IDEAS ( JU/ICE & MORALITY CAME AB\T 9 HUMAN SOCIETY4 ,I SUMM>IZ$ MY F9D+S AS TWO LECTURES3 ONE ON ,! ,/ATE & ,ITS ,HI/ORIC ,ROLE1 & ! O!R1 9 ,5GLI%1 AS ,JU/ICE & ,MORALITY40 

  

,AS IT HAPP5S ! LECTURES W]E NEV] DELIV]$4 ,! DAY ,KROPOTK9 SET (F = ,P>IS CO9CID$ ) ! DECISION BY ! HEIR TO ! ,RUSSIAN ?RONE TO VISIT ,NICE :]E HE WAS TO BE WELCOM$ BY TOP REPRES5TATIVES ( ! ,GOV]NM5T4 ,AT ?AT TIME ! ,FRANCO ,RUSSIAN MILIT>Y ALLIANCE WAS CLOSE & IMPORTANT TO ,FRANCE1 & ! ,FR5* AU?ORITIES C\LD NOT RISK DEMON/RATIONS 9 ,P>IS AT ! ,KROPOTK9 LECTURE :I* WAS EXPECT$ TO ATTRACT BETWE5 #d & #e PEOPLE4 

,SO :5 HE DISEMB>K$ FROM ! ,NE:AV5-,DIEPPE DAY BOAT ,KROPOTK9 WAS MET BY POLICE (FIC]S :O DETA9$ HIM4 ,HE WAS TOLD ?AT HE HAD BE5 EXPELL$ FROM ,FRANCE & W\LD HAVE TO RETURN BY ! FIR/ BOAT2 9 ! EV5T ( ANY RESI/ANCE HE W\LD BE TAK5 9TO 'ADM9I/RATIVE CU/ODY'4 ,AP>T FROM ! FACT ?AT HE DID NOT GET TO ,P>IS TO DELIV] HIS LECTURES1 ! 9CID5T HAD ITS AMUS+ SIDE AS WELL AS CONFIRM+ ! E/EEM :I* HE 5JOY$ EV5 ) HIS POLITICAL 5EMIES4 ,HE DESCRIB$ ! 9CID5T 9 MORE ?AN ONE LETT] TO HIS FRI5DS4 ,WRIT+ TO ,JAMES ,GUILLAUME 9 #aib - SIX YE>S AFT] ! 9CID5T - 9 RESPONSE TO HIS OLD FRI5D'S REQUE/ = A DETAIL$ ACC\NT1 HE DESCRIBES ! WAY HE WAS APPROA*$ BY ! POLICE SUP]9T5D5T4 

0,HE 9TRODUC$ HIMSELF AS ,MONSIEUR ,M]DES 7'( ,SPANI% DESC5T' HE ADD$ EV]Y TIME HE REPEAT$ HIS NAME74 ,HE READ \T ! TELEGRAM FROM ,B\RGEOIS .<! ,FR5* ,PRIME ,M9I/]7 :I* MORE OR LESS SAID ',IF ,KROPOTK9 DISEMB>KS 9=M HIM ?AT HE IS EXPELL$1 & ?AT HE MU/ RETURN ) ! FIR/ BOAT4 ,IF HE RESI/S TAKE HIM 9TO ADM9I/RATIVE CU/ODY'4 

0',V]Y WELL'1 ,I REPLI$1 ',I %ALL S5D TELEGRAMS TO ,GRAVE & MY WIFE'4 ,:I* IS :AT ,I DID4 

0,AS TO MY RETURN2 ,I HAD COME ON ! DAY S]VICE1 9 SECOND CLASS2 ! SEA WAS T]RIBLE - SO R\< ?AT ,I1 :O HAD NEV] SUFF]$ FROM SEA-SICKNESS1 HAD TO LIE D[N 7,I WAS JU/ CONVALESC+ AFT] A B\T ( 9FLU5ZA74 ,V]Y WELL1 ,I %ALL RETURN TOMORR[ MORN+'1 ,I SAID1 ') ! DAY BOAT'4 

0',NO'1 ANSW]$ ,MONSIEUR ,M]DES ( ,SPANI% ORIG9 & MANY GRIMACES4 ',Y\ MU/ RETURN IMM$IATELY BY ! NI<T BOAT - OR ,I %ALL HAVE TO PUT Y\ 9 PRISON4 ,Y\R CELL IS ALREADY PREP>$4' 

0,!N FROM ONE O'CLOCK TILL LATE AT NI<T !Y TELEGRAPH$ ALL OV] ,FRANCE TO F9D \T :E!R ,I C\LD SP5D ! NI<T AT AN HOTEL 7) TWO POLICEM5 9 ! NEXT ROOM7 OR :E!R ,I HAD TO BE TAK5 TO PRISON4 ,! ,DEPUTY ,PREFECT DID NOT D>E TO TAKE UPON HIMSELF ?IS T]RIBLE RESPONSIBILITY4 ,NOR DID ! ,PREFECT4 ,!Y EV5 TELEGRAPH$ & TELEPHON$ TO ,NICE4 

0,AT T5 O'CLOCK ,MONSIEUR ,M]DES RETURN$ BEAM+3 ',! ,M9I/] WILL ALL[ Y\ TO SP5D ! NI<T 9 ! HOTEL'4 

0',! WEA!R IS FAIRLY GOOD'1 ,I SAID4 ',SO TELEGRAPH ! ,M9I/] ?AT ,I AM RETURN+ BY ! NI<T BOAT'4 ,:I* WAS :AT ,I DID40 

  

,KROPOTK9'S BRILLIANT1 ]UDITE1 PROVOCATIVE LECTURE NE$S NO =MAL 9TRODUCTION FROM A LATT]-DAY TRANSLATOR4 ,& ONE ASSUMES ?AT ! READ] IS PREP>$ TO MAKE ! NECESS>Y TIME ADJU/M5T & ALL[ANCES = 'CONTEMPOR>Y' REF]5CES ?AT >E NO LONG] CONTEMPOR>Y BUT /ILL 9T]E/+ & RELEVANT TO \R TIME2 & = =ECA/S ?AT HAVE ALAS BE5 PROV$ OV]-OPTIMI/IC2 POSSIBLY TOO = ,KROPOTK9'S UNDUE 5?USIASM = AN HI/ORIC PA/ ! GLORIES ( :I* >E SOMETIMES GIV5 MORE EMPHASIS ?AN >E ITS LESS ATTRACTIVE ASPECTS4 

,SOME READ]S MAY ALSO QUE/ION ! VALUE ( DETAIL$ KN[L$GE ( ! DI/ANT PA/ = ?OSE :O >E SEEK+ 9 ! PRES5T1 EV5 MODE/LY1 TO 9FLU5CE BY DIRECT ACTION ! FUTURE4 ,= IF WE BELIEVE ?AT ,MAN MAKES HI/ORY & NOT ?AT ,MAN IS DET]M9$ BY HI/ORY !N IT %\LD BE SUFFICI5T TO KN[ :AT ONE WANTS TO *ANGE 9 SOCIETY & ?AT !RE >E ALSO 5\< PEOPLE PREP>$ TO ACT TO BR+ AB\T ?OSE *ANGES1 = ! SOCIAL REVOLUTION TO TAKE PLACE4 

,:5 ! ABOVE P>AGRAPH WAS WRITT5 = ! #aifi $ITION ,I ASK$3 0,!RE SURELY MU/ BE A FLAW 9 ?IS >GUM5T 9 VIEW ( ! FACT ?AT 9 #aifi ,M>XI/ DET]M9ISM IS AT ITS L[E/ EBB2 ! ,/ATE IS ON ! ONE H& DISCR$IT$ BY ! ,LEFT & ! ,RI<T YET ON ! O!R ASSUMES MORE & MORE FUNCTIONS 7GOOD & BAD7 P>TLY BECAUSE IT IS ASSUM$ BY ,LEFT & ,RI<T ?AT IT IS ! ,/ATE'S FUNCTION TO DO SO6 ,I ?9K !RE IS NO FLAW 9 ! CLASSICAL AN>*I/ >GUM5T AS EXPRESS$ BY ,KROPOTK9 9 ! CONCLUD+ SECTIONS ( ?IS LECTURE1 & ! Y\NG 'AN>*O-,MAOI/S'1 & !IR 'AN>*O-,*E-,GUEV>I/' CONTEMPOR>IES WILL PROBABLY LE>N MORE FROM ,KROPOTK9'S 9T]PRETATION ( SOCIAL HI/ORY ?AN FROM ! BRO!RS ,COHN-,B5DIT'S ,OBSOLETE ,COMMUNISM 7,DEUTS*1 ,LONDON #a#i#f#h71 H[EV] MU* ONE WELCOMES ) OP5 >MS ! ADV5T ( ',DANNY LE ,R\GE' & HIS G5]ATION40 

,H[ F> AWAY ,MAY #aifh N[ SEEMS POLITICALLY 9 A #aihf :5 FROM ,?AT*] TO ,REAGAN1 FROM ,*IRAC TO ,KOHL1 ,WE/]N POLITICS IS DOM9AT$ BY A ,RI<TI/ LAISSEZ FAIRE PHILOSOPHY :I* EXALTS '9DIVIDUAL 9ITIATIVE' & DECRIES ',/ATE 9T]F]5CE'2 :5 ?AT PILL> ( ! ,/ATE - ! ,*UR* - IS N[ 9 MANY P>TS ( ! WORLD 9 OP5 REBELLION AGA9/ GOV]NM5T2 & NOT ALL ! ,JUDICI>Y IS AS ACCOMMODAT+ AS AT PRES5T 9 ?IS C\NTRY :]E IT IGNORES POLICE EXCESSES & IMPLEM5TS ) 5?USIASM ! GOV]NM5T'S CAMPAIGN TO DE/ROY ,TRADES ,UNIONISM4 

,= ,KROPOTK9 0! ,/ATE IDEA MEANS SOME?+ QUITE DIFF]5T FROM ! IDEA ( GOV]NM5T0 & ?OSE :O ?9K O!RWISE >E 0CONFUS+0 ! TWO CONCEPTS4 ,ONE EM95T AN>*I/ ?9K] :O DID JU/ ?IS WAS ,MALATE/A :O 9 HIS ESSAY ,AN>*Y1 FIR/ PUBLI%$ 9 #a#h#i#a1"9 A FEW YE>S BE=E ,KROPOTK9'S ,! ,/ATE1 HAS ?IS TO SAY ON ! SUBJECT3 

 ,AN>*I/S1 9CLUD+ ?IS WRIT]1 HAVE US$ ! WORD ,/ATE1 & /ILL DO1 TO MEAN ! SUM TOTAL ( ! POLITICAL1 LEGISLATIVE1 JUDICI>Y1 MILIT>Y & F9ANCIAL 9/ITUTIONS ?R\< :I* ! MANAGEM5T ( !IR [N AFFAIRS1 ! CONTROL OV] !IR P]SONAL BEHAVIOR1 ! RESPONSIBILITY = !IR P]SONAL SAFETY1 >E TAK5 AWAY FROM ! PEOPLE & 5TRU/$ TO O!RS :O1 BY USURPATION OR DELEGATION1 >E VE/$ ) ! P[]S TO MAKE ! LAWS = EV]Y?+ & EV]YBODY1 & TO OBLIGE ! PEOPLE TO OBS]VE !M1 IF NE$ BE1 BY ! USE ( COLLECTIVE =CE4 

 ,9 ?IS S5SE ! WORD ,/ATE MEANS GOV]NM5T1 OR TO PUT IT ANO!R WAY1 IT IS ! IMP]SONAL1 AB/RACT EXPRESSION ( ?AT /ATE ( AFFAIRS1 P]SONIFI$ BY GOV]NM5T3 & !RE=E ! T]M ABOLITION ( ! ,/ATE1 ,SOCIETY )\T ! ,/ATE1 ETC41 DESCRIBE EXACTLY ! CONCEPT :I* AN>*I/S SEEK TO EXPRESS ( ! DE/RUCTION ( ALL POLITICAL ORD] BAS$ ON AU?ORITY4  

,IT W\LD SEEM ?AT ,MALATE/A'S DEF9ITION CORRESPONDS MORE CLOSELY TO ! CONTEMPOR>Y SITUATION4 ,?IS WRIT] W\LD EV5 V5TURE ! OP9ION ?AT EFFECTIVE GOV]NM5T IS NO LONG] 9 ! H&S ( ! POLITICIANS BUT ) ! MULTI-NATIONALS1 ! BANKS1 9SURANCE COMPANIES & P5SION FUNDS 7COMP>E ! P[] ( ! ,*ANCELLOR ( ! ,EX*EQU] JUGGL+ ) A FEW BILLION 9 HIS ANNUAL BUDGET ) ?AT ( ! ,LONDON M>KET'S DAILY TURNOV] ( #f BILLION DOLL>S674 ,& :AT ( ! REC5T ,BIG ,BANG AT ! ,/OCK ,EX*ANGE & ! TE*NOLOGICAL EXPLOSION :I* PURSUES ITS RU?LESS PA? FIR/ TO DEHUMANIZ+ WORK & LIFE & EV5TUALLY TO ! ANNIHILATION ( HUMANITY4 ,WE MAY EV5 LIVE TO SEE A PRIVATIZ$ P>A-MILIT>Y POLICE =CE CONTROLL$ BY ?IS NEW ',/ATE'4 ,P]HAPS444BUT WE CAN ONLY E*O ,KROPOTK9'S F9AL WORDS TO HIS LECTURE3 0! *OICE LIES ) US604 

,COL*E/] ,DECEMB] #aihf 

 ,V]NON ,RI*>DS 

"9 ,AN>*Y BY ,E4 ,MALATE/A 9 A NEW TRANSLATION 7,FRE$OM ,PRESS1 #a#i#g#d74 

7,S\RCE3 ,! ,/ATE3 ,ITS ,HI/ORIC ,ROLE1 ,BY KNIAZ ,PETR ,ALEKSEEVI* ,KROPOTK91 #a#h#i#h1 PUBLI%$ BY 0,FRE$OM0 ,(FICE1 ORIG9AL PUBLICATION DATE ( #a#h#h#g47 

,FROM 3 ,AN>*Y ,>*IVES4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #ahhf 3 ,TRANSLATOR'S ,NOTES -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,JANU>Y #b#b1 #bag 3 ,TRANSLATOR'S ,NOTES -- ,ADD$4 

 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3  
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