,!SES ON ,COMMUNI/ ,MORALITY 9 ! ,SPH]E ( ,M>ITAL ,RELATIONS 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,ALEX&RA ,KOLLONTAI 

,TEXT 3 

,S\RCE3 ,ALEX&RA ,KOLLONTAI1 ,SELECT$ ,WRIT+S1 ,ALLISON @& ,BUSBY1 #a#i#g#g2 
,TRANSLAT$3 BY ,ALIX ,HOLT1 #a#i#g#b2 
,FIR/ PUBLI%$3 ,KOMMUNI/KA1 ,NO4S #a#b-#a#b1 #a#i#b#a2 

,FAMILY & M>RIAGE >E HI/ORICAL CATEGORIES4 PH5OM5A :I* DEVELOP 9 ACCORDANCE ) ! ECONOMIC RELATIONS ?AT EXI/ AT ! GIV5 LEVEL ( PRODUCTION4 ,! =M ( M>RIAGE & ( ! FAMILY IS ?US DET]M9$ BY ! ECONOMIC SY/EM ( ! GIV5 EPO*1 & IT *ANGES AS ! ECONOMIC BASE ( SOCIETY *ANGES4 ,! FAMILY4 9 ! SAME WAY4 AS GOV]NM5T1 RELIGION4 SCI5CE1 MORALS4 LAW & CU/OMS1 IS P>T ( !4 SUP]/RUCTURE :I* D]IVES FROM ! ECONOMIC SY/EM ( SOCIETY4 

,:]E ECONOMIC FUNCTIONS >E P]=M$ BY ! FAMILY RA!R ?AN BY SOCIETY AS A :OLE1 FAMILY & M>ITAL RELATIONS >E MORE /ABLE & POSSESS A VITAL CAPACITY3 0,! LESS ! DEVELOPM5T ( LABOR1 & ! MORE LIMIT$ ITS VOLUME ( PRODUCTION 444 ! MORE PREPOND]ANTLY DOES ! SOCIAL ORD] APPE> TO BE DOM9AT$ BY TIES ( SEX0 7,5GELS1 ,ORIG9S ( ! ,FAMILY74 ,9 ! P]IOD ( NATURAL ECONOMY ! FAMILY =M$ AN 5CLOS$ ECONOMIC UNIT :I* WAS NECESS>Y = HUMANK9D & ?US HAD A VITAL CAPACITY4 ,! FAMILY WAS AT ?AT TIME A UNIT ( BO? PRODUCTION & CONSUMPTION4 ,\TSIDE ! FAMILY_/ECONOMIC UNIT ! 9DIVIDUAL HAD NO MEANS4 ESPECIALLY AT ! E>LIE/ LEVELS ( ! DEVELOPM5T ( SOCIETY1 ( SU/A9+ ! CONDITIONS NECESS>Y = LIFE4 ,9 SOME >EAS & 9 SOME C\NTRIES :]E CAPITALISM IS WEAKLY DEVELOP$ 7AMONG4 ! PEOPLES ( ! ,EA/1 = EXAMPLE7 ! PEASANT FAMILY IS /ILL FUNDAM5TALLY A FAMILY_/ECONOMIC UNION4 ,) ! TRANSITION1 H[EV]1 FROM A NATURAL ECONOMY TO A M]*ANT CAPITALI/ ECONOMY BAS$ ON TRADE & EX*ANGE1 ! FAMILY CEASES TO BE NECESS>Y = ! FUNCTION+ ( SOCIETY & ?US LOSES ITS /R5G? & VITAL CAPACITY4 

,! FACT ?AT ) ! CONSOLIDATION ( ! CAPITALI/ SY/EM ( PRODUCTION1 ! M>ITAL_/FAMILY UNION DEVELOPS FROM A PRODUCTION UNIT 9TO A LEGAL >RANGEM5T CONC]N$ ONLY ) CONSUMPTION1 LEADS 9EVITABLY TO ! WEAK5+ ( M>ITAL_/FAMILY TIES4 ,9 ! ]A ( PRIVATE PROP]TY & ! B\RGEOIS-CAPITALI/ ECONOMIC SY/EM1 M>RIAGE & ! FAMILY >E GR\ND$ 9 7A7 MAT]IAL & F9ANCIAL CONSID]ATIONS1 7B7 ECONOMIC DEP5D5CE ( ! FEMALE SEX ON ! FAMILY BREADW9N] - ! HUSB& - RA!R ?AN ! SOCIAL COLLECTIVE1 & 7C7 ! NE$ TO C>E = ! RIS+ G5]ATION4 ,CAPITALISM MA9TA9S A SY/EM ( 9DIVIDUAL ECONOMIES3 ! FAMILY HAS A ROLE TO PLAY 9 P]=M+ ECONOMIC TASKS & FUNCTIONS )9 ! NATIONAL CAPITALI/ ECONOMY4 ,?US UND] CAPITALISM ! FAMILY DOES NOT M]GE ) OR DISSOLVE 9TO ! NATIONAL ECONOMY BUT CONT9UES TO EXI/ AS AN 9DEP5D5T ECONOMIC UNIT1 CONC]N$ ) PRODUCTION 9 ! CASE ( ! PEASANT FAMILY & CONSUMPTION 9 ! CASE ( ! URBAN FAMILY4 ,! 9DIVIDUAL ECONOMY :I* SPR+S FROM PRIVATE PROP]TY IS ! BASIS ( ! B\RGEOIS FAMILY4 

,! COMMUNI/ ECONOMY DOES AWAY ) ! FAMILY4 ,9 ! P]IOD ( ! DICTATOR%IP ( ! PROLET>IAT !RE IS A TRANSITION TO ! S+LE PRODUCTION PLAN & COLLECTIVE SOCIAL CONSUMPTION1 & ! FAMILY LOSES ITS SIGNIFICANCE AS AN ECONOMIC UNIT4 ,! EXT]NAL ECONOMIC FUNCTIONS ( ! FAMILY DISAPPE>1 & CONSUMPTION CEASES TO BE ORGANIZ$ ON AN 9DIVIDUAL FAMILY BASIS1 A NETWORK ( SOCIAL KIT*5S & CANTE5S IS E/ABLI%$4 & ! MAK+1 M5D+ & WA%+ ( CLO!S & O!R ASPECTS ( H\SEWORK '>E 9TEGRAT$ 9TO ! NATIONAL ECONOMY4 ,9 ! P]IOD ( ! DICTATOR%IP ( ! PROLET>IAT ! FAMILY ECONOMIC UNIT %\LD BE RECOGNIZ$ AS BE+1 FROM ! PO9T ( VIEW ( ! NATIONAL ECONOMY4 NOT ONLY USELESS BUT H>MFUL4 ,! FAMILY ECONOMIC UNIT 9VOLVES 7A7 ! UNECONOMIC EXP5DITURE ( PRODUCTS & FUEL ON ! P>T ( SMALL DOME/IC ECONOMIES1 & 7B7 UNPRODUCTIVE LABOR1 ESPECIALLY BY WOM54 9 ! HOME - & IS !RE=E 9 CONFLICT ) ! 9T]E/ ( ! WORK]S' REPUBLIC 9 A S+LE ECONOMIC PLAN & ! EXP$I5T USE ( ! LABOR =CE 79CLUD+ WOM574 

,UND] ! DICTATOR%IP ( ! PROLET>IAT !N4 ! MAT]IAL & ECONOMIC CONSID]ATIONS 9 :I* ! FAMILY WAS GR\ND$ CEASE TO EXI/4 ,! ECONOMIC DEP5D5CE ( WOM5 ON M5 & ! ROLE ( ! FAMILY 9 ! C>E ( '! Y\NG] G5]ATION ALSO DISAPPE>4 AS ! COMMUNI/ ELEM5TS 9 ! WORK]S' REPUBLIC GR[ /RONG]4 ,) ! 9TRODUCTION ( ! OBLIGATION ( ALL CITIZ5S TO WORK1 WOMAN HAS A VALUE 9 ! NATIONAL ECONOMY :I* IS 9DEP5D5T ( H] FAMILY & M>ITAL /ATUS4 ,! ECONOMIC SUBJUGATION ( WOM5 9 M>RIAGE & ! FAMILY IS DONE AWAY )1 & RESPONSIBILITY = ! C>E ( ! *ILDR5 & !IR PHYSICAL & SPIRITUAL $UCATION IS ASSUM$ BY ! SOCIAL COLLECTIVE4 ,! FAMILY TEA*ES & 9/ILLS EGOISM ?US WEAK5+ ! TIES ( ! COLLECTIVE & H9D]+ ! CON/RUCTION ( COMMUNISM4 ,H[EV]4 9 ! NEW SOCIETY RELATIONS BETWE5 P>5TS & *ILDR5 >E FRE$ FROM ANY ELEM5T ( MAT]IAL CONSID]ATIONS & 5T] A NEW HI/ORIC /AGE4 

,ONCE ! FAMILY HAS BE5 /RIPP$ ( ITS ECONOMIC FUNCTIONS & ITS RESPONSIBILITIES T[>DS ! Y\NG] G5]ATION & IS NO LONG] C5TRAL TO ! EXI/5CE ( ! WOMAN1 IT HAS CEAS$ TO HE A FAMILY4 ,! FAMILY UNIT %R9KS TO A UNION ( TWO PEOPLE BAS$ ON MUTUAL AGREEM5T4 

,9 ! P]IOD ( ! DICTATOR%IP ( ! PROLET>IAT4 ! WORK]S' /ATE HAS TO CONC]N ITSELF NOT ) ! ECONOMIC & SOCIAL UNIT ( ! FAMILY1 S9CE ?IS UNIT DIES AS ! BONDS ( COMMUNISM >E CONSOLIDAT$1 BUT ) ! *ANG+ =MS ( M>ITAL RELATIONS4 ,! FAMILY AS AN ECONOMIC UNIT & AS A UNION ( P>5TS & *ILDR5 BAS$ ON ! NE$ TO PROVIDE = ! MAT]IAL WELF>E ( ! LATT] IS DOOM$ TO DISAPPE>4 ,?US ! WORK]S' COLLECTIVE HAS TO E/ABLI% ITS ATTITUDE NOT TO ECONOMIC RELATION%IPS BUT TO ! =M ( RELATION%IPS BETWE5 ! SEXES4 ,:AT K9D ( RELATIONS BETWE5 ! SEXES >E 9 ! BE/ 9T]E/S ( ! WORK]S' COLLECTIVE8 ,:AT =M ( RELATIONS W\LD /R5G!N4 NOT WEAK54 ! COLLECTIVE 9 ! TRANSITIONAL /AGE BETWE5 CAPITALISM & COMMUNISM & W\LD ?US ASSI/ ! CON/RUCTION ( ! NEW SOCIETY8 ,! LAWS & ! MORALITY ?AT ! WORK]S' SY/EM IS EVOLV+ >E BEG9N+ TO GIVE AN ANSW] TO ?IS1 QUE/ION4 

,ONCE RELATIONS BETWE5 ! SEXES CEASE TO P]=M ! ECONOMIC & SOCIAL FUNCTION ( ! =M] FAMILY1 !Y >E NO LONG] ! CONC]N ( ! WORK]S' COLLECTIVE4 ,IT IS NOT ! RELATION%IPS BETWE5 ! SEXES BUT ! RESULT - ! *ILD - ?AT CONC]NS ! COLLECTIVE4 ,! WORK]S' /ATE RECOGNIZES ITS RESPONSIBILITY TO PROVIDE = MAT]NITY1 I4E4 TO GU>ANTEE ! WELL-BE+ ( ! WOMAN & ! *ILD1 BUT IT DOES NOT RECOGNIZE ! C\PLE AS A LEGAL UNIT SEP>ATE FROM ! WORK]S' COLLECTIVE4 ,! DECREES ON M>RIAGE ISSU$ BY ! WORK]S' REPUBLIC E/ABLI%+ ! MUTUAL RI<TS ( ! M>RI$ C\PLE 7! RI<T TO DEM& MAT]IAL SUPPORT FROM ! P>TN] = Y\RSELF OR ! *ILD71 & ?US GIV+ LEGAL 5C\RAGEM5T TO ! SEP>ATION ( ?IS UNIT & ITS 9T]E/S FROM ! G5]AL 9T]E/S ( ! WORK]S' SOCIAL COLLECTIVE 7! RI<T ( WIVES TO BE TRANSF]R$ TO ! T[N OR VILLAGE :]E !IR HUSB&S >E WORK+71 >E SURVIVALS ( ! PA/2 !Y CONTRADICT ! 9T]E/S ( ! COLLECTIVE & WEAK5 ITS BONDS4 & %\LD !RE=E BE REVIEW$ & *ANG$4 

,! LAW \<T TO EMPHASIZE ! 9T]E/ ( ! WORK]S' COLLECTIVE 9 MAT]NITY & ELIM9ATE ! SITUATION :]E ! *ILD IS DEP5D5T ON ! RELATION%IP BETWE5 ITS P>5TS4 ,! LAW ( ! WORK]S' COLLECTIVE REPLACES ! RI<T ( ! P>5TS1 & ! WORK]S' COLLECTIVE KEEPS A CLOSE WAT*1 9 ! 9T]E/S ( ! UNIFI$ ECONOMY & ( PRES5T & FUTURE LABOR RES\RCES4 ,9 ! P]IOD ( ! DICTATOR%IP ( ! PROLET>IAT !RE MU/1 9/EAD ( M>RIAGE LAW4 BE REGULATION ( ! RELATION%IP ( ! GOV]NM5T TO MAT]NITY1 ( ! RELATION%IP BETWE5 MO!R & *ILD & ( ! RELATION%IP BETWE5 ! MO!R & ! WORK]S' COLLECTIVE 7I4E4 LEGAL NORMS MU/ REGULATE ! PROTECTION ( FEMALE LABOR1 ! WELF>E ( EXPECTANT & NURS+ MO!RS1 ! WELF>E ( *ILDR5 & !IR SOCIAL $UCATION74 ,LEGAL NORMS MU/ REGULATE ! RELATION%IP BETWE5 ! MO!R & ! SOCIALLY $UCAT$ *ILD1 & BETWE5 ! FA!R & ! *ILD4 ,FA!RHOOD %\LD NOT BE E/ABLI%$ ?R\< M>RIAGE OR A RELATION%IP ( A MAT]IAL NATURE4 ,! MAN %\LD HE ABLE TO *OOSE :E!R OR NOT TO ACCEPT ! ROLE ( FA!RHOOD 7I4E4 ! RI<T :I* HE %>ES EQUALLY ) ! MO!R TO DECIDE ON A SOCIAL SY/EM ( $UCATION = ! *ILD1 & ! RI<T4 :]E ?IS DOES NOT CONFLICT ) ! 9T]E/S ( ! COLLECTIVE1 ( 9TELLECTUAL CONTACT ) ! *ILD & ! OPPORTUNITY TO 9FLU5CE ITS DEVELOPM5T74 

,!RE >E TWO GR\NDS ON :I*1 9 ! 9T]E/S ( ! WORK]S' COLLECTIVE1 ! RELATION%IPS BETWE5 ! SEXES \<T TO BE SUBJECT TO LEGISLATIVE REGULATIONS3 7A7 ! HEAL? & HYGI5E ( ! NATION & ! RACE1 & 7B7 ! 9CREASE OR DECREASE ( ! POPULATION REQUIR$ BY ! NATIONAL ECONOMIC COLLECTIVE4 ,9 ! P]IOD ( ! DICTATOR%IP ( ! PROLET>IAT4 ! REGULATION ( RELATION%IPS 5T]S A NEW PHASE4 ,9/EAD ( LAWS & ! ?REAT ( LEGAL PROCE$+S1 ! WORK]S' COLLECTIVE MU/ RELY ON AGITATIONAL & $UCATIONAL 9FLU5CES1 & ON SOCIAL MEASURES TO IMPROVE ! RELATION%IPS BETWE5 ! SEXES & TO GU>ANTEE ! HEAL? ( ! *ILDR5 BORN FROM !SE RELATION%IPS4 ,= EXAMPLE1 ! ,COMMISS>IATS ( ,HEAL? & ,$UCATION MU/ C>RY \T A BROAD CAMPAIGN ON ! QUE/ION ( V5]EAL & O!R 9FECTI\S DISEASES1 !REBY R$UC+ ! DANG] ( !SE DISEASES SPREAD+ ?R\< SEXUAL 9T]C\RSE & DAILY LIV+4 ,A P]SON IS GUILTY BE=E ! LAW NOT = HAV+ HAD SEXUAL RELATIONS BUT = HAV+ CONSCI\SLY KEPT SIL5T & HIDD5 ! FACT ?AT HE OR %E HAS ! DISEASE FROM ?OSE ) :OM HE OR %E LIVES & WORKS1 & ?US = FAIL+ TO OBS]VE ! RULE ON PRECAUTIONS TO HE TAK5 TO R$UCE ! LIKELIHOOD ( 9FECTION4 

,9 ! P]IOD ( ! DICTATOR%IP ( ! PROLET>IAT4 COMMUNI/ ,MORALITY - & NOT ! LAW - REGULATES SEXUAL RELATION%IPS 9 ! 9T]E/ ( ! WORK]S' COLLECTIVE & ( FUTURE G5]ATIONS4 

,EA* HI/ORICAL 7& !RE=E ECONOMIC7 EPO* 9 ! DEVELOPM5T ( SOCIETY HAS ITS [N IDEAL ( M>RIAGE & ITS4 [N SEXUAL MORALITY4 ,UND] ! TRIBAL SY/EM4 ) ITS TIES ( K9%IP1 ! MORALITY WAS DIFF]5T FROM ?AT :I* DEVELOP$ ) ! E/ABLI%M5T ( PRIVATE PROP]TY & ! RULE ( ! HUSB& & FA!R 7PATRI>*Y74 ,DIFF]5T ECONOMIC SY/EMS HAVE DIFF]5T MORAL CODES4 ,NOT ONLY EA* /AGE 9 ! DEVELOPM5T ( SOCIETY4 BUT EA* CLASS HAS ITS CORRESPOND+ SEXUAL MORALITY 7IT IS SUFFICI5T TO COMP>E ! MORALS ( ! FEUDAL L&[N+ CLASS & ( ! B\RGEOISIE 9 ONE & ! SAME EPO* TO SEE ?AT ?IS IS TRUE74 ,! MORE FIRMLY E/ABLI%$ ! PR9CIPLES ( PRIVATE PROP]TY1 ! /RICT] ! MORAL CODE4 ,! IMPORTANCE ( VIRG9ITY BE=E LEGAL M>RIAGE SPRANG FROM ! PR9CIPLES ( PRIVATE PROP]TY & ! UNWILL+NESS ( M5 TO PAY = ! *ILDR5 ( O!RS4 

,HYPOCRISY 7! \TW>D OBS]VANCE ( DECORUM & ! ACTUAL PRACTICE ( DEPRAVITY71 & ! D\BLE CODE 7ONE CODE ( BEHAVIOR = ! MAN & ANO!R = ! WOMAN7 >E ! TW9 PILL>S ( B\RGEOIS MORALITY4 ,COMMUNI/ MORALITY MU/ ABOVE ALL1 RESOLUTELY SPURN ALL ! HYPOCRISY 9H]IT$ FROM B\RGEOIS SOCIETY 9 RELATION%IPS BETWE5 ! SEXES4 & REJECT ! D\BLE /&>D ( MORALITY4 

,9 ! P]IOD ( ! DICTATOR%IP ( ! PROLET>IAT RELATIONS BETWE5 ! SEXES %\LD BE EVALUAT$ ONLY ACCORD+ TO ! CRIT]IA M5TION$ ABOVE - ! HEAL? ( ! WORK+ POPULATION & ! DEVELOPM5T ( 9N] BONDS ( SOLID>ITY )9 ! COLLECTIVE4 ,! SEXUAL ACT MU/ BE SE5 NOT AS SOME?+ %AMEFUL & S9FUL BUT AS SOME?+ :I* IS AS NATURAL AS ! O!R NE$S ( HEAL?Y ORGANISM4 SU* AS HUNG] & ?IR/4 ,SU* PH5OM5A CANNOT BE JUDG$ AS MORAL OR IMMORAL4 ,! SATISFACTION ( HEAL?Y & NATURAL 9/9CTS ONLY CEASES TO BE NORMAL :5 ! B\ND>IES ( HYGI5E >E OV]/EPP$4 ,9 SU* CASES1 NOT ONLY ! HEAL? ( ! P]SON CONC]N$ BUT ! 9T]E/S ( ! WORK COLLECTIVE1 :I* NE$S ! /R5G? & 5]GY & HEAL? ( ITS MEMB]S1 >E ?REAT5$4 ,COMMUNI/ MORALITY4 !RE=E4 :ILE OP5LY RECOGNIZ+ ! NORMALITY ( SEXUAL 9T]E/S4 CONDEMNS UNHEAL?Y & UNNATURAL 9T]E/ 9 SEX 7EXCESSES1 = EXAMPLE1 OR SEXUAL RELATIONS BE=E MATURITY HAS BE5 REA*$1 :I* EXHAU/ ! ORGANISM & L[] ! CAPACITY ( M5 & WOM5 = WORK74 

,AS COMMUNI/ MORALITY IS CONC]N$ = ! HEAL? ( ! POPULATION1 IT ALSO CRITICIZES SEXUAL RE/RA9T4 ,! PRES]VATION ( HEAL? 9CLUDES ! FULL & CORRECT SATISFACTION ( ALL MAN'S NE$S2 NORMS ( HYGI5E %\LD WORK TO ?IS 5D1 & NOT >TIFICIALLY SUPPRESS SU* AN IMPORTANT FUNCTION ( ! ORGANISM AS ! SEX DRIVE 7,BEBEL4 ,WOMAN & ,SOCIALISM74 ,?US BO? E>LY SEXUAL EXP]I5CE 7BE=E !4 BODY HAS DEVELOP$ & GR[N /RONG7 & SEXUAL RE/RA9T MU/ BE SE5 AS EQUALLY H>MFUL4 ,?IS CONC]N = ! HEAL? ( ! HUMAN RACE DOES NOT E/ABLI% EI!R MONOGAMY OR POLYGAMY AS ! OBLIGATORY =M ( RELATIONS BETWE5 ! SEXES4 = EXCESSES MAY BE COMMITT$ 9 ! B\NDS ( ! =M]1 & A FREQU5T *ANGE ( P>TN]S BY NO MEANS SIGNIFIES SEXUAL 9TEMP]ANCE4 ,SCI5CE HAS DISCOV]$ ?AT :5 A WOMAN HAS RELATION%IPS ) MANY M5 AT ONE TIME1 H] ABILITY TO HAVE *ILDR5 IS IMPAIR$2 & RELATION%IPS ) A NUMB] ( WOM5 DRA9 ! MA9 & AFFECT ! HEAL? ( HIS *ILDR5 NEGATIVELY4 ,S9CE ! WORK]S' COLLECTIVE NE$S /RONG & HEAL?Y M5 & WOM54 SU* >RANGEM5TS ( SEXUAL LIFE >E NOT 9 ITS 9T]E/S4 

,IT IS ACCEPT$ ?AT ! PSY*OLOGICAL /ATE ( P>5TS AT ! MOM5T ( CONCEPTION 9FLU5CES ! HEAL? & LIFE CAPACITY ( ! *ILD4 ,?US 9 ! 9T]E/S ( HUMAN HEAL?1 COMMUNI/ MORALITY 3CRITICIZES1 SEXUAL RELATIONS :I* >E BAS$ ON PHYSICAL ATTRACTION ALONE & >E NOT ATT5D$ BY LOVE OR FLEET+ PASSION4 ,9 ! 9T]E/S ( ! COLLECTIVE1 COMMUNI/ MORALITY ALSO CRITICIZES P]SONS :OSE SEXUAL RELATION%IPS >E BUILT NOT ON PHYSICAL ATTRACTION BUT ON CALCULATION4 HABIT OR EV5 9TELLECTUAL AFF9ITY4 

,9 VIEW ( ! NE$ TO 5C\RAGE ! DEVELOPM5T & GR[? ( FEEL+S ( SOLID>ITY & TO /R5G!N ! BONDS ( ! WORK COLLECTIVE1 IT %\LD ABOVE ALL BE E/ABLI%$ ?AT ! ISOLATION ( ! 0C\PLE0 AS A SPECIAL UNIT DOES NOT ANSW] ! 9T]E/S ( COMMUNISM4 ,COMMUNI/ MORALITY REQUIRES ! $UCATION ( ! WORK+ CLASS 9 COMRADE%IP & ! FUSION ( ! HE>TS & M9DS ( ! SEP>ATE MEMB]S ( ?IS COLLECTIVE4 ,! NE$S & 9T]E/S ( ! 9DIVIDUAL MU/ BE SUBORD9AT$ TO ! 9T]E/S & AIMS ( ! COLLECTIVE4 ,ON ! ONE H&1 !RE=E1 ! BONDS ( FAMILY & M>RIAGE MU/ BE WEAK5$1 & ON ! O!R1 M5 & WOM5 NE$ TO BE $UCAT$ 9 SOLID>ITY & ! SUBORD9ATION ( ! WILL ( ! 9DIVIDUAL TO ! WILL ( ! COLLECTIVE4 ,EV5 AT ?IS PRES5T1 E>LY /AGE4 ! WORK]S' REPUBLIC DEM&S ?AT MO!RS1 LE>N TO BE ! MO!RS NOT ONLY ( !IR [N *ILD BUT ( ALL WORK]S' *ILDR52 IT DOES NOT RECOGNIZE ! C\PLE AS A SELF-SUFFICI5T UNIT4 & DOES NOT !RE=E APPROVE ( WIVES DES]T+ WORK = ! SAKE ( ?IS UNIT4 

,AS REG>DS SEXUAL RELATIONS4 COMMUNI/ MORALITY DEM&S FIR/ ( ALL AN 5D TO ALL RELATIONS BAS$ ON F9ANCIAL OR O!R ECONOMIC CONSID]ATIONS4 ,! BUY+ & SELL+ ( C>ESSES DE/ROYS ! S5SE ( EQUALITY BETWE5 ! SEXES4 & ?US UND]M9ES ! BASIS ( SOLID>ITY )\T :I* COMMUNI/ SOCIETY CANNOT EXI/4 ,MORAL C5SURE IS CONSEQU5TLY DIRECT$ AT PRO/ITUTION 9 ALL ITS =MS & AT ALL TYPES ( M>RIAGE ( CONV5I5CE1 EV5 :5 RECOGNIZ$ BY ,SOVIET LAW4 ,! PRES]VATION ( M>RIAGE REGULATIONS CREATES ! ILLUSION ?AT ! WORK]S' COLLECTIVE CAN ACCEPT ! 0C\PLE0 ) ITS SPECIAL1 EXCLUSIVE 9T]E/S4 ,! /RONG] ! TIES BETWE5 ! MEMB]S ( ! COLLECTIVE1 AS A :OLE1 ! LESS ! NE$ TO RE9=CE M>ITAL RELATIONS4 ,SECONDLY4 COMMUNI/ MORALITY DEM&S ! $UCATION ( ! Y\NG] G5]ATION 9 RESPONSIBILITY TO ! COLLECTIVE & 9 ! CONSCI\SNESS ?AT LOVE IS NOT ! ONLY ?+ 9 LIFE 7?IS IS ESPECIALLY IMPORTANT 9 ! CASE ( WOM51 = !Y HAVE BE5 TAU<T ! OPPOSITE = C5TURIES74 ,LOVE IS ONLY ONE ASPECT ( LIFE4 & MU/ NOT BE ALL[$ TO OV]%AD[ ! O!R FACETS ( ! RELATION%IPS BETWE5 9DIVIDUAL & COLLECTIVE4 ,! IDEAL ( ! B\RGEOISIE WAS ! M>RI$ C\PLE1 :]E ! P>TN]S COMPLEM5T$ EA* O!R SO COMPLETELY ?AT !Y HAD NO NE$ ( CONTACT ) SOCIETY4 ,COMMUNI/ MORALITY DEM&S1 ON ! CONTR>Y1 ?AT ! Y\NG] G5]ATION BE $UCAT$ 9 SU* A WAY ?AT ! P]SONALITY ( ! 9DIVIDUAL IS DEVELOP$ TO ! FULL4 & ! 9DIVIDUAL ) HIS OR H] MANY 9T]E/S HAS CONTACT ) A RANGE ( P]SONS ( BO? SEXES4 ,COMMUNI/ MORALITY 5C\RAGES ! DEVELOPM5T ( MANY & V>I$ BONDS ( LOVE & FRI5D%IP AMONG PEOPLE4 ,! OLD IDEAL WAS 0ALL = ! LOV$ ONES02 COMMUNI/ MORALITY DEM&S ALL = ! COLLECTIVE4 

,?\< SEX LOVE IS SE5 9 ! CONTEXT ( ! 9T]E/S ( ! COLLECTIVE4 COMMUNI/ MORALITY DEM&S ?AT PEOPLE >E $UCAT$ 9 S5SITIVITY & UND]/&+ & >E PSY*OLOGICALLY DEM&+ BO? TO !MSELVES & TO !IR P>TN]S4 ,! B\RGEOIS ATTITUDE TO SEXUAL RELATIONS AS SIMPLY A MATT] ( SEX MU/ BE CRITICIZ$ & REPLAC$ BY AN UND]/&+ ( ! :OLE GAMUT ( JOYFUL LOVE-EXP]I5CE ?AT 5RI*ES LIFE & MAKES = GREAT] HAPP9ESS4 ,! GREAT] ! 9TELLECTUAL & EMOTIONAL DEVELOPM5T ( ! 9DIVIDUAL ! LESS PLACE WILL !RE BE 9 HIS OR H] RELATION%IP = ! B>E PHYSIOLOGICAL SIDE ( LOVE4 & ! BRI<T] WILL BE ! LOVE EXP]I5CE4 

,9 ! TRANSITIONAL P]IOD1 RELATIONS BETWE5 M5 & WOM5 MU/4 9 ORD] TO MEET ! 9T]E/S ( ! WORK]S' COLLECTIVE1 HE BAS$ ON ! FOLL[+ CONSID]ATIONS4 7#a7 ,ALL SEXUAL RELATION%IPS MU/ BE BAS$ ON MUTUAL 9CL9ATION1 LOVE4 9FATUATION OR PASSION1 & 9 NO CASE ON F9ANCIAL OR MAT]IAL MOTIVATIONS4 ,ALL CALCULATION 9 RELATION%IPS MU/ BE SUBJECT TO M]CILESS CONDEMNATION4 7#b7 ,! =M & L5G? ( ! RELATION%IP >E NOT REGULAT$1 BUT ! HYGI5E ( ! RACE4 & COMMUNI/ MORALITY REQUIRE ?AT RELATION%IPS BE BAS$ NOT ON ! SEXUAL ACT ALONE1 & ?AT IT %\LD NOT BE ACCOMPANI$ BY ANY EXCESSES ?AT ?REAT5 HEAL?4 7#c7 ,?OSE ) ILLNESSES ETC4 ?AT MI<T BE 9H]IT$ %\LD NOT HAVE *ILDR54 7#d7 ,A JEAL\S & PROPRIET>Y ATTITUDE TO ! P]SON LOV$ MU/ BE REPLAC$ BY A COMRADELY UND]/&+ ( ! O!R & AN ACCEPTANCE ( HIS OR H] FRE$OM4 JEAL\SY IS A DE/RUCTIVE =CE ( :I* COMMUNI/ MORALITY CANNOT APPROVE4 7#e7 ,! BONDS BETWE5 ! MEMB]S ( ! COLLECTIVE MU/ HE /R5G!N$4 ,! 5C\RAGEM5T ( ! 9TELLECTUAL1 & POLITICAL 9T]E/S ( ! Y\NG] G5]ATION ASSI/S ! DEVELOPM5T ( HEAL?Y & BRI<T EMOTIONS 9 LOVE4 

,! /RONG] ! COLLECTIVE1 ! MORE FIRMLY E/ABLI%$ BECOMES ! COMMUNI/ WAY ( LIFE4 ,! CLOS] ! EMOTIONAL TIES BETWE5 ! MEMB]S ( ! COMMUNITY1 ! LESS ! NE$ TO SEEK A REFUGE FROM LONEL9ESS 9 M>RIAGE4 ,UND] COMMUNISM ! BL9D /R5G? ( MATT] IS SUBJUGAT$ TO ! WILL ( ! /RONGLY WELD$ & ?US UNPREC$5T$LY P[]FUL WORK]S' COLLECTIVE4 ,! 9DIVIDUAL HAS ! OPPORTUNITY TO DEVELOP 9TELLECTUALLY & EMOTIONALLY AS NEV] BE=E4 9 ?IS COLLECTIVE4 NEW =MS ( RELATION%IPS >E MATUR+ & ! CONCEPT ( LOVE IS EXT5D$ & EXP&$4 

,FROM 3 ,M>XI/S4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,M>* #d1 #bba 3 ,!SES ON ,COMMUNI/ ,MORALITY 9 ! ,SPH]E ( ,M>ITAL ,RELATIONS -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #i1 #bbb 3 ,!SES ON ,COMMUNI/ ,MORALITY 9 ! ,SPH]E ( ,M>ITAL ,RELATIONS -- ,UPDAT$4 

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