,!SES ON ! ,TASKS ( ,9T]NATIONAL ,SOCIAL-,DEMOCRACY 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,ROSA ,LUXEMBURG 

,TEXT 3 

,WRITT53 ,LATE #a#i#a#e4 
,S\RCE3 ,F\R? ,9T]NATIONAL 7,AM/]DAM71 ,NO4 #h1 ,W9T] #a#i#e#i_/#f1 PP4 #b-#b#a4 
,TRANSCRIPTION_/,M>KUP3 ,E9DE ,O',CALLA<AN = ! ,M>XI/S' ,9T]NET ,>*IVE4 
,ONL9E ,V]SION3 ,ROSA ,LUXEMBURG ,9T]NET ,>*IVE 7M>XI/S4ORG7 #b4 

,A L>GE NUMB] ( COMRADES FROM DIFF]5T P>TS ( ,G]MANY .<#a.> HAVE ADOPT$ ! FOLL[+ !SES1 :I* CON/ITUTE AN APPLICATION ( ! ,]FURT PROGRAM TO ! CONTEMPOR>Y PROBLEMS ( 9T]NATIONAL SOCIALISM4 

#a4 ,! WORLD W> HAS ANNIHILAT$ ! WORK ( #d YE>S ( ,EUROPEAN SOCIALISM3 BY DE/ROY+ ! REVOLUTION>Y PROLET>IAT AS A POLITICAL =CE2 BY DE/ROY+ ! MORAL PRE/IGE ( SOCIALISM2 BY SCATT]+ ! WORK]S' ,9T]NATIONAL2 BY SETT+ ITS ,SECTIONS ONE AGA9/ ! O!R 9 FRATRICIDAL MASSACRE2 & BY TY+ ! ASPIRATIONS & HOPES ( ! MASSES ( ! PEOPLE ( ! MA9 C\NTRIES 9 :I* CAPITALISM HAS DEVELOP$ TO ! DE/9IES ( IMP]IALISM4 

#b4 ,BY !IR VOTE = W> CR$ITS & BY !IR PROCLAMATION ( NATIONAL UNITY1 ! (FICIAL LEAD]%IPS ( ! SOCIALI/ P>TIES 9 ,G]MANY1 ,FRANCE & ,5GL& 7) ! EXCEPTION ( ! ,9DEP5D5T ,LABOR ,P>TY7 HAVE RE9=C$ IMP]IALISM1 9DUC$ ! MASSES ( ! PEOPLE TO SUFF] PATI5TLY ! MIS]Y & HORRORS ( ! W>1 CONTRIBUT$ TO ! UNLEA%+1 )\T RE/RA9T1 ( IMP]IALI/ FR5ZY1 TO ! PROLONGATION ( ! MASSACRE & ! 9CREASE 9 ! NUMB] ( ITS VICTIMS1 & ASSUM$ !IR %>E 9 ! RESPONSIBILITY = ! W> ITSELF & = ITS CONSEQU5CES4 

#c4 ,?IS TACTIC ( ! (FICIAL LEAD]%IPS ( ! ,P>TIES 9 ! BELLIG]5T C\NTRIES1 & 9 ! FIR/ PLACE 9 ,G]MANY1 UNTIL REC5TLY AT ! HEAD ( ! ,9T]NATIONAL1 CON/ITUTES A BETRAYAL ( ! ELEM5T>Y PR9CIPLES ( 9T]NATIONAL SOCIALISM1 ( ! VITAL 9T]E/S ( ! WORK+ CLASS1 & ( ALL ! DEMOCRATIC 9T]E/S ( ! PEOPLES4 ,BY ?IS ALONE SOCIALI/ POLICY IS CONDEMN$ TO IMPOT5CE EV5 9 ?OSE C\NTRIES :]E ! LEAD]S HAVE REMA9$ FAI?FUL TO !IR PR9CIPLES3 ,RUSSIA1 ,S]BIA1 ,ITALY & - ) H>DLY AN EXCEPTION - ,BULG>IA4 

#d4 ,BY ?IS ALONE (FICIAL SOCIAL DEMOCRACY 9 ! PR9CIPAL C\NTRIES HAS REPUDIAT$ ! CLASS /RUGGLE 9 W> TIME & ADJ\RN$ IT UNTIL AFT] ! W>2 IT HAS GU>ANTE$ TO ! RUL+ CLASSES ( ALL C\NTRIES A DELAY 9 :I* TO /R5G!N1 AT ! PROLET>IAT'S EXP5SE1 & 9 A MON/R\S FA%ION1 !IR ECONOMIC1 POLITICAL & MORAL POSITIONS4 

#e4 ,! WORLD W> S]VES NEI!R ! NATIONAL DEF5SE NOR ! ECONOMIC OR POLITICAL 9T]E/S ( ! MASSES ( ! PEOPLE :ATEV] !Y MAY BE4 ,IT IS BUT ! PRODUCT ( ! IMP]IALI/IC RIVALRIES BETWE5 ! CAPITALI/ CLASSES ( ! DIFF]5T C\NTRIES = WORLD HEGEMONY & = ! MONOPOLY 9 ! EXPLOITATION & OPPRESSION ( >EAS /ILL NOT UND] ! HEEL ( CAPITAL4 ,9 ! ]A ( ! UNLEA%+ ( ?IS IMP]IALISM1 NATIONAL W>S >E NO LONG] POSSIBLE4 ,NATIONAL 9T]E/S S]VE ONLY AS ! PRETEXT = PUTT+ ! LABOR+ MASSES ( ! PEOPLE UND] ! DOM9ATION ( !IR MORTAL 5EMY1 IMP]IALISM4 

#f4 ,! POLICY ( ! IMP]IALI/ /ATES & ! IMP]IALI/ W> CANNOT GIVE TO A S+LE OPPRESS$ NATION ITS LIB]TY & ITS 9DEP5D5CE4 ,! SMALL NATIONS1 ! RUL+ CLASSES ( :I* >E ! ACCOMPLICES ( !IR P>TN]S 9 ! BIG /ATES1 CON/ITUTE ONLY ! PAWNS ON ! IMP]IALI/ *ESSBO>D ( ! GREAT P[]S1 & >E US$ BY !M1 JU/ LIKE !IR [N WORK+ MASSES1 9 W>TIME1 AS 9/RUM5TS1 TO BE SACRIFIC$ TO CAPITALI/ 9T]E/S AFT] ! W>4 

#g4 ,! PRES5T WORLD W> SIGNIFIES1 UND] !SE CONDITIONS1 EI!R 9 ! CASE ( 0DEFEAT0 OR ( 0VICTORY01 A DEFEAT = SOCIALISM & DEMOCRACY4 ,IT 9CREASES1 :ATEV] ! \TCOME - EXCEPT+ ! REVOLUTION>Y 9T]V5TION ( ! 9T]NATIONAL PROLET>IAT - & /R5G!NS MILIT>ISM1 NATIONAL ANTAGONISMS1 & ECONOMIC RIVALRIES 9 ! WORLD M>KET4 ,IT ACC5TUATES CAPITALI/ EXPLOITATION & REACTION 9 ! DOMA9 ( 9T]NAL POLICY1 R5D]S ! 9FLU5CE ( PUBLIC OP9ION PREC>I\S & D]ISORY1 & R$UCES P>LIAM5TS TO TOOLS MORE & MORE OB$I5T TO IMP]IALISM4 ,! PRES5T WORLD W> C>RIES )9 ITSELF ! SE$S ( NEW CONFLICTS4 

#h4 ,WORLD PEACE CANNOT BE ASSUR$ BY PROJECTS UTOPIAN OR1 AT BOTTOM1 REACTION>Y1 SU* AS TRIBUNALS ( >BITRATION BY CAPITALI/ DIPLOMATI/S1 DIPLOMATIC 0DIS>MAM5T0 CONV5TIONS1 0! FRE$OM ( ! SEAS10 ABOLITION ( ! RI<T ( M>ITIME >RE/1 0! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES ( ,EUROPE10 A 0CU/OMS UNION = C5TRAL ,EUROPE10 BUFF] /ATES1 & O!R ILLUSIONS4 ,IMP]IALISM1 MILIT>ISM & W> CAN NEV] BE ABOLI%$ NOR ATT5UAT$ SO LONG AS ! CAPITALI/ CLASS EX]CISES1 UNCONTE/$1 ITS CLASS HEGEMONY4 ,! SOLE MEANS ( SUCCESSFUL RESI/ANCE1 & ! ONLY GU>ANTEE ( ! PEACE ( ! WORLD1 IS ! CAPACITY = ACTION & ! REVOLUTION>Y WILL ( ! 9T]NATIONAL PROLET>IAT TO HURL ITS FULL WEI<T 9TO ! BALANCE4 

#i4 ,IMP]IALISM1 AS ! LA/ PHASE 9 ! LIFE1 & ! HI<E/ PO9T 9 ! EXPANSION1 ( ! WORLD HEGEMONY ( CAPITAL1 IS ! MORTAL 5EMY ( ! PROLET>IAT ( ALL C\NTRIES4 ,BUT UND] ITS RULE1 JU/ AS 9 ! PREC$+ /AGES ( CAPITALISM1 ! =CES ( ITS MORTAL 5EMY HAVE 9CREAS$ 9 PACE ) ITS DEVELOPM5T4 ,IT ACCEL]ATES ! CONC5TRATION ( CAPITAL1 ! PAUP]IZATION ( ! MIDDLE CLASSES1 ! NUM]ICAL RE9=CEM5T ( ! PROLET>IAT2 >\SES MORE & MORE RESI/ANCE FROM ! MASSES2 & LEADS !REBY TO AN 9T5SIFI$ %>P5+ ( CLASS ANTAGONISMS4 ,9 PEACE TIME AS 9 W>1 ! /RUGGLE ( ! PROLET>IAT AS A CLASS HAS TO BE CONC5TRAT$ FIR/ ( ALL AGA9/ IMP]IALISM4 ,= ! 9T]NATIONAL PROLET>IAT1 ! /RUGGLE AGA9/ IMP]IALISM IS AT ! SAME TIME ! /RUGGLE = P[]1 ! DECISIVE SETTL+ ( ACC\NTS BETWE5 SOCIALISM & CAPITALISM4 ,! F9AL GOAL ( SOCIALISM WILL BE REALIZ$ BY ! 9T]NATIONAL PROLET>IAT ONLY IF IT OPPOSES IMP]IALISM ALL ALONG ! L9E1 & IF IT MAKES ! ISSUE3 0W> AGA9/ W>0 ! GUID+ L9E ( ITS PRACTICAL POLICY2 & ON CONDITION ?AT IT DEPLOYS ALL ITS =CES & %[S ITSELF READY1 BY ITS C\RAGE TO ! PO9T ( EXTREME SACRIFICE1 TO DO ?IS4 

#a4 ,9 ?IS FRAMEWORK1 SOCIALISM'S PR9CIPAL MISSION TODAY IS TO REGR\P ! PROLET>IAT ( ALL C\NTRIES 9TO A LIV+ REVOLUTION>Y =CE2 TO MAKE IT1 ?R\< A P[]FUL 9T]NATIONAL ORGANIZATION :I* HAS ONLY ONE CONCEPTION ( ITS TASKS & 9T]E/S1 & ONLY ONE UNIV]SAL TACTIC APPROPRIATE TO POLITICAL ACTION 9 PEACE & W> ALIKE1 ! DECISIVE FACTOR 9 POLITICAL LIFE3 SO ?AT IT MAY FULFILL ITS HI/ORIC MISSION4 

#a#a4 ,! W> HAS SMA%$ ! ,SECOND ,9T]NATIONAL4 ,ITS 9ADEQUACY HAS BE5 DEMON/RAT$ BY ITS 9CAPACITY TO PLACE AN EFFECTIVE OB/ACLE 9 ! WAY ( ! SEGM5TATION ( ITS =CES BEH9D NATIONAL B\ND>IES 9 TIME ( W>1 & TO C>RY ?R\< A COMMON TACTIC & ACTION BY ! PROLET>IAT 9 ALL C\NTRIES4 

#a#b4 ,9 VIEW ( ! BETRAYAL1 BY ! (FICIAL REPRES5TATIVES ( ! SOCIALI/ P>TIES 9 ! PR9CIPAL C\NTRIES1 ( ! AIMS & 9T]E/S ( ! WORK+ CLASS2 9 VIEW ( !IR PASSAGE FROM ! CAMP ( ! WORK+-CLASS ,9T]NATIONAL TO ! POLITICAL CAMP ( ! IMP]IALI/ B\RGEOISIE2 IT IS VITALLY NECESS>Y = SOCIALISM TO BUILD A NEW WORK]S' ,9T]NATIONAL1 :I* WILL TAKE 9TO ITS [N H&S ! LEAD]%IP & CO-ORD9ATION ( ! REVOLUTION>Y CLASS /RUGGLE AGA9/ WORLD IMP]IALISM4 

,TO ACCOMPLI% ITS HI/ORIC MISSION1 SOCIALISM MU/ BE GUID$ BY ! FOLL[+ PR9CIPLES3 

#a4 ,! CLASS /RUGGLE AGA9/ ! RUL+ CLASSES )9 ! B\ND>IES ( ! B\RGEOIS /ATES1 & 9T]NATIONAL SOLID>ITY ( ! WORK]S ( ALL C\NTRIES1 >E ! TWO RULES ( LIFE1 9H]5T 9 ! WORK+ CLASS 9 /RUGGLE & ( WORLD-HI/ORIC IMPORTANCE TO IT = ITS EMANCIPATION4 ,!RE IS NO SOCIALISM )\T 9T]NATIONAL PROLET>IAN SOLID>ITY1 & !RE IS NO SOCIALISM )\T CLASS /RUGGLE4 ,! R5UNCIATION BY ! SOCIALI/ PROLET>IAT1 9 TIME ( PEACE AS 9 TIME ( W>1 ( ! CLASS /RUGGLE & ( 9T]NATIONAL SOLID>ITY1 IS EQUIVAL5T TO SUICIDE4 

#b4 ,! ACTIVITY ( ! PROLET>IAT ( ALL C\NTRIES AS A CLASS1 9 PEACE TIME AS 9 W> TIME1 MU/ BE GE>$ TO ! FI<T AGA9/ IMP]IALISM & W> AS ITS SUPREME GOAL4 ,P>LIAM5T>Y & TRADE UNION ACTION1 LIKE EV]Y ACTIVITY ( ! WORK]S' MOVEM5T1 MU/ BE SUBORD9AT$ TO ?IS AIM1 SO ?AT ! PROLET>IAT 9 EA* C\NTRY IS OPPOS$ 9 ! %>PE/ FA%ION TO ITS NATIONAL B\RGEOISIE1 SO ?AT ! POLITICAL & SPIRITUAL OPPOSITION BETWE5 ! TWO BECOMES AT EA* MOM5T ! MA9 ISSUE1 & 9T]NATIONAL SOLID>ITY BETWE5 ! WORK]S ( ALL C\NTRIES IS UND]L9$ & PRACTIC$4 

#c4 ,! C5T] ( GRAVITY ( ! ORGANIZATION ( ! PROLET>IAT AS A CLASS IS ! ,9T]NATIONAL4 ,! ,9T]NATIONAL DECIDES 9 TIME ( PEACE ! TACTICS TO BE ADOPT$ BY ! NATIONAL ,SECTIONS ON ! QUE/IONS ( MILIT>ISM1 COLONIAL POLICY1 COMM]CIAL POLICY1 ! CELEBRATION ( ,MAY ,DAY &1 F9ALLY1 ! COLLECTIVE TACTIC TO BE FOLL[$ 9 ! EV5T ( W>4 

#d4 ,! OBLIGATION TO C>RY \T ! DECISIONS ( ! ,9T]NATIONAL TAKES PREC$5CE OV] ALL ELSE4 ,NATIONAL ,SECTIONS :I* DO NOT CON=M ) ?IS PLACE !MSELVES \TSIDE ! ,9T]NATIONAL4 

#e4 ,! SETT+ 9 MOTION ( ! MASS$ RANKS ( ! PROLET>IAT ( ALL C\NTRIES IS ALONE DECISIVE 9 ! C\RSE ( /RUGGLES AGA9/ IMP]IALISM & AGA9/ W>4 

,?US ! PR9CIPAL TACTIC ( ! NATIONAL ,SECTIONS AIMS TO R5D] ! MASSES CAPABLE ( POLITICAL ACTION & RESOLUTE 9ITIATIVE2 TO 5SURE ! 9T]NATIONAL COHESION ( ! MASSES 9 ACTION2 TO BUILD ! POLITICAL & TRADE UNION ORGANIZATIONS 9 SU* A WAY ?AT1 ?R\< !IR M$IATION1 PROMPT & EFFECTIVE COLLABORATION ( ALL ! ,SECTIONS IS AT ALL TIMES GU>ANTE$1 & SO ?AT ! WILL ( ! ,9T]NATIONAL MAT]IALIZES 9 ACTION BY ! MAJORITY ( ! WORK+-CLASS MASSES ALL OV] ! WORLD4 

#f4 ,! IMM$IATE MISSION ( SOCIALISM IS ! SPIRITUAL LIB]ATION ( ! PROLET>IAT FROM ! TUTELAGE ( ! B\RGEOISIE1 :I* EXPRESSES ITSELF ?R\< ! 9FLU5CE ( NATIONALI/ IDEOLOGY4 ,! NATIONAL ,SECTIONS MU/ AGITATE 9 ! P>LIAM5TS & ! PRESS1 D5\NC+ ! EMPTY WORD9ESS ( NATIONALISM AS AN 9/RUM5T ( B\RGEOIS DOM9ATION4 ,! SOLE DEF5SE ( ALL REAL NATIONAL 9DEP5D5CE IS AT PRES5T ! REVOLUTION>Y CLASS /RUGGLE AGA9/ IMP]IALISM4 ,! WORK]S' FA!RL&1 TO ! DEF5SE ( :I* ALL ELSE MU/ BE SUBORD9AT$1 IS ! SOCIALI/ ,9T]NATIONAL4 

,FOOTNOTE 

#a4 ,ON ,JANU>Y #a1 #a#i#a#f1 !Y =M$ ! ,SP>TACUS ,LEAGUE4 

,FROM 3 ,M>XI/S4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,M>* #f1 #bba 3 ,!SES ON ! ,TASKS ( ,9T]NATIONAL ,SOCIAL-,DEMOCRACY -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #i1 #bbb 3 ,!SES ON ! ,TASKS ( ,9T]NATIONAL ,SOCIAL-,DEMOCRACY -- ,UPDAT$4 

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