,TO ,! ,WORK+ ,PEOPLE 

#aib 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,LEO ,TOL/OY 

,TAGS 3 ILLEGALITY ( ! [N]%IP ( L&1 P>TICIPATION 9 ! [N]%IP ( L&1 ABOLITION ( ! [N]%IP ( L&1 CONDITION ( ! WORK+ M51 WORK+ ON ! PROPRIETORS' L&S1 [N]%IP ( ! L&1 EMANCIPATION ( ! L&1 L&S ( ! PROPRIETORS1 POSSESSION ( ! L&1 WORK+ = ! PROPRIETORS4 

,TEXT 3 

  

,MUSCUL> ,POPEYE1 ,UNKN[N ,PA9T] 0,& YE %ALL KN[ ! TRU?1 & ! TRU? %ALL MAKE Y\ FREE0 7,JOHN VIII4 #c#b74  

 ,I HAVE BUT LITTLE TIME LEFT TO LIVE1 & ,I %\LD LIKE BE=E MY DEA? TO TELL Y\1 WORK+ PEOPLE1 :AT ,I HAVE BE5 ?9K+ AB\T Y\R OPPRESS$ CONDITION & AB\T ?OSE MEANS :I* WILL HELP Y\ TO FREE Y\RSELVES FROM IT4  

 ,MAYBE SOME?+ ( :AT ,I HAVE BE5 ?9K+ 7& ,I HAVE BE5 ?9K+ MU* AB\T IT7 WILL DO Y\ SOME GOOD4   

 ,I NATURALLY TURN TO ! ,RUSSIAN LABOR]S1 AMONG :OM ,I LIVE & :OM ,I KN[ BETT] ?AN ! LABOR]S ( ANY O!R C\NTRY1 BUT ,I HOPE ?AT MY REM>KS MAY NOT BE USELESS TO ! LABOR]S ( O!R C\NTRIES AS WELL4  

 ,EV]Y ONE :O HAS EYES & A HE>T SEES ?AT Y\1 WORK+ M51 >E OBLIG$ TO PASS Y\R LIVES 9 WANT & 9 H>D LABOR1 :I* IS USELESS TO Y\1 :ILE O!R M51 :O DO NOT WORK1 5JOY ALL ?AT Y\ ACCOMPLI%1 - ?AT Y\ >E ! SLAVES ( !SE M51 & ?AT ?IS \<T NOT TO BE4  

 ,BUT :AT %\LD BE DONE ?AT ?IS MI<T NOT BE8  

 ,! FIR/1 SIMPLE/1 & MO/ NATURAL MEANS :I* FROM OLD5 TIMES HAS PRES5T$ ITSELF TO M5 IS BY =CE TO TAKE FROM ?OSE :O LIVE BY Y\R LABOR :AT !Y 5JOY ILLEGALLY4 ,?US S9CE REMOTE ANTIQUITY ACT$ ! SLAVES 9 ,ROME & ! PEASANTS 9 ! ,MIDDLE ,AGES 9 ,G]MANY & 9 ,FRANCE4 ,?US !Y HAVE FREQU5TLY ACT$ 9 ,RUSSIA1 S9CE ! TIME ( ,/5KA ,RAZ91 ( ,PUGA*EV4 ,?US EV5 N[ ,RUSSIAN LABOR]S AT TIMES ACT4  

 ,?IS MEANS SUGGE/S ITSELF TO ! 9JUR$ WORK+ M5 BE=E ANY O!R1 & YET ?IS MEANS NOT ONLY NEV] ATTA9S ITS 5D1 BUT ALWAYS MORE C]TA9LY MAKES WORSE1 RA!R ?AN IMPROVES1 ! CONDITION ( ! WORK+ M54 ,IT WAS POSSIBLE ANCI5TLY1 :5 ! P[] ( ! GOV]NM5T WAS NOT YET SO /RONG AS IT IS N[1 TO HOPE = ! SUCCESS ( SU* UPRIS+S2 BUT N[1 :5 9 ! H&S ( ! GOV]NM5T1 :I* ALWAYS PROTECTS ?OSE :O DO NOT WORK1 >E IMM5SE SUMS ( MONEY1 & ! RAILWAYS1 & ! TELEGRAPHS1 & ! POLICE1 & ! G5D>MES1 & ! >MY1 ALL SU* ATTEMPTS 5D1 AS LATELY 5D$ ! UPRIS+S 9 ! ,GOV]NM5TS ( ,POLTAVA & ( ,KH>KOV1 9 ! TORTURE & EXECUTION ( ! RIOT]S1 & ! P[] ( ! NON-WORK]S OV] ! WORK]S IS ONLY MADE MORE FIRM4  

 ,9 TRY+ TO OPPOSE VIOL5CE TO VIOL5CE1 Y\1 WORK+ M51 DO :AT A MAN B\ND ) ROPES W\LD DO IF1 TO FREE HIMSELF1 HE %\LD TUG AT ! ROPES3 HE W\LD ONLY TI<T5 ! KNOTS :I* FETT] HIM4 ,! SAME IS TRUE AS REG>DS Y\R ATTEMPTS BY MEANS ( VIOL5CE TO TAKE AWAY :AT IS )HELD FROM Y\ BY MEANS ( VIOL5CE4  

,IT HAS N[ BECOME OBVI\S ?AT ! ME?OD ( RIOTS DOES NOT ATTA9 ITS PURPOSE1 & ?AT IT DOES NOT IMPROVE ! CONDITION ( ! WORK+ M51 BUT RA!R MAKES IT WORSE4 ,& SO ( LATE1 M5 :O DESIRE1 OR :O AT LEA/ SAY ?AT !Y DESIRE1 ! GOOD ( ! WORK+ MASSES1 HAVE DISCOV]$ A NEW MEANS = ! LIB]ATION ( ! WORK+ M54 ,?IS NEW MEANS IS BAS$ ON ! TEA*+ ?AT ALL ! WORK+ M51 AFT] BE+ DEPRIV$ ( ! L& :I* !Y =M]LY POSSESS$1 & AFT] HAV+ BECOME HIR$ LABOR]S 7:I* ACCORD+ TO ?IS TEA*+ IS TO HAPP5 AS 9EVITABLY AS ! SUNSET AT A GIV5 H\R71 WILL >RANGE UNIONS1 SOCIETIES1 DEMON/RATIONS1 & WILL *OOSE !IR P>TISANS = P>LIAM5T1 & ?US WILL KEEP IMPROV+ !IR CONDITION1 & F9ALLY WILL APPROPRIATE TO !MSELVES ALL ! WORKS & FACTORIES1 9 G5]AL ALL ! IMPLEM5TS ( LABOR1 AMONG !M ! L&1 & !N WILL BE ABSOLUTELY FREE & PROSP]\S4 ,9 SPITE ( ! FACT ?AT ?IS TEA*+1 :I* PROPOSES ?IS MEANS1 IS FULL ( OBSCURITIES1 >BITR>Y PROPOSITIONS & CONTRADICTIONS & SIMPLE ABSURDITIES1 IT HAS ( LATE BE5 DISSEM9AT$ MORE & MORE WIDELY4 

 ,?IS DOCTR9E IS ACCEPT$ NOT ONLY 9 ?OSE C\NTRIES :]E ! MAJORITY ( ! POPULATION HAS = SEV]AL G5]ATIONS FALL5 AWAY FROM AGRICULTURAL LABOR1 BUT ALSO :]E ! MAJORITY ( WORK+ M5 HAVE NOT YET ?\<T ( AB&ON+ ! L&4  

 ,IT W\LD SEEM ?AT A DOCTR9E :I* FIR/ ( ALL DEM&S ! TRANSITION ( ! AGRICULTURAL LABOR] FROM ! CU/OM>Y1 HEAL?Y1 & JOY\S CONDITIONS ( V>I$ AGRICULTURAL LABOR TO ! UNHEAL?Y1 SOMB]1 & P]NICI\S CONDITIONS ( MONOTON\S1 /ULTIFY+ WORK1 & FROM ?AT 9DEP5D5CE1 :I* ! VILLAGE WORK] FEELS 9 SATISFY+ NE>LY ALL HIS NE$S1 TO ! COMPLETE SLAVI% DEP5D5CE ( ! FACTORY WORKMAN ON HIS MA/]1 \<T TO HAVE NO SUCCESS 9 C\NTRIES :]E ! LABOR]S /ILL LIVE ON ! L& & SUPPORT !MSELVES BY MEANS ( AGRICULTURAL LABOR4 ,BUT ! PREA*+ ( ?IS MODEM DOCTR9E1 CALL$ SOCIALISM1 EV5 9 SU* C\NTRIES AS ,RUSSIA1 :]E N9ETY-EI<T P] C5T4 ( ! LABOR+ POPULATION LIVES BY MEANS ( AGRICULTURAL LABOR1 IS GLADLY ACCEPT$ BY ?OSE TWO P] C5T4 ( WORK+ M5 :O HAVE FALL5 AWAY FROM AGRICULTURAL LABOR4 ,?IS IS DUE TO ! FACT ?AT1 :5 HE AB&ONS ! LABOR ON ! L&1 ! WORK+ MAN 9VOLUNT>ILY SUBMITS TO ?OSE TEMPTATIONS :I* >E CONNECT$ ) LIFE 9 ! CITY & 9 ! FACTORY4 ,! JU/IFICATION ( !SE TEMPTATIONS HE F9DS ONLY 9 ! SOCIALI/IC DOCTR9E1 :I* CONSID]S ! 9CREASE ( NECESSITIES A SIGN ( MAN'S IMPROVEM5T4  

 ,SU* WORK+ M51 :O HAVE FILL$ !MSELVES ) FRAGM5TS ( ! SOCIALI/IC DOCTR9E1 PREA* IT ) P>TICUL> F]VOR TO !IR FELL[ WORK+ M51 CONSID]+ !MSELVES1 9 CONSEQU5CE ( ?IS PROPAG&A & 9 CONSEQU5CE ( ?OSE NE$S :I* !Y HAVE DEVELOP$1 TO BE ADVANC$ PEOPLE :O /& 9F9ITELY HI<] ?AN A CO>SE PEASANT1 A VILLAGE WORK]4 ,=TUNATELY1 !RE >E /ILL V]Y FEW SU* WORK+ M5 9 ,RUSSIA2 ! VA/ MAJORITY ( ,RUSSIAN LABOR]S1 :I* CONSI/S ( AGRICULTURI/S1 HAS NEV] HE>D ANY?+ AB\T ! SOCIALI/IC DOCTR9E2 IF !SE LABOR]S EV] HE>D ( IT1 !Y RECEIVE SU* A DOCTR9E AS 5TIRELY ALI5 TO !M & NOT T\*+ UPON !IR REAL NE$S4  

 ,ALL ?OSE SOCIALI/IC ME?ODS ( UNIONS1 DEMON/RATIONS1 ELECTION ( P>TISANS = ! P>LIAM5TS1 BY MEANS ( :I* ! FACTORY H&S TRY TO LI<T5 !IR CONDITION AS SLAVES1 PRES5T NO 9T]E/ = FREE AGRICULTURAL LABOR]S4  

 ,IF ! AGRICULTURAL LABOR]S NE$ ANY?+1 IT IS NOT A RAISE ( WAGES1 NOT A DIM9UTION ( H\RS ( WORK1 NOT G5]AL FUNDS1 & SO =?1 BUT ONLY ONE ?+1 - L&1 ( :I* !Y HAVE EV]Y:]E TOO LITTLE TO BE ABLE TO SUPPORT !MSELVES UPON IT ) !IR FAMILIES4 ,BUT ( ?IS ONE NECESS>Y ?+ = ! RURAL LABOR]S NO?+ IS SAID 9 ! SOCIALI/IC DOCTR9E4  

 ,ALL S5SIBLE ,RUSSIAN LABOR]S UND]/& ?AT L&1 FREE L&1 IS ! ONLY MEANS = ! IMPROVEM5T ( !IR CONDITION & = !IR LIB]ATION FROM SLAV]Y4  

 ,?IS IS :AT A ,RUSSIAN PEASANT1 A ,/UNDI/1 WRITES REG>D+ IT TO A FRI5D ( HIS3  

 0,IF A REVOLUTION IS TO BE />T$1 :ILE ! L& REMA9S PRIVATE PROP]TY1 !N1 ( C\RSE1 IT IS NOT WOR? :ILE TO />T IT4 ,?US1 = EXAMPLE1 \R BRO!RS :O LIVE ABROAD1 9 ,ROMANIA1 TELL US ?AT !RE !Y HAVE A CON/ITUTION & P>LIAM5TS1 BUT ?AT ! L& IS NE>LY ALL ( IT 9 ! H&S ( PROPRIETORS2 SO :AT USE IS ?IS P>LIAM5T TO ! MASSES8 ,9 ! P>LIAM5T1 !Y SAY1 !RE IS TAK+ PLACE ONLY A /RUGGLE ( ONE P>TY AGA9/ ANO!R1 BUT ! MASSES >E T]RIBLY 5SLAV$ & 9 S]VITUDE TO ! PROPRIETORS4 ,! PROPRIETORS HAVE HUTS UPON !IR L&S4 ,HALF ( ! L& !Y G5]ALLY LEASE TO ! PEASANTS1 AS A RULE ONLY = ONE YE>4 ,:5 A PEASANT HAS WORK$ ! L& WELL1 ! PROPRIETOR HIMSELF S[S 9 ?IS PLOT ! NEXT YE>1 & ALLOTS ANO!R PIECE ( GR\ND TO ! PEASANT4 ,AFT] !SE POOR WRET*ES HAVE LIV$ = A FEW YE>S ON ! L& ( A PROPRIETOR1 !Y /ILL REMA9 HIS DEBTORS2 ! GOV]NM5T TAKES !IR LA/ POSSESSIONS = TAXES - !IR HORSE1 C[1 WAGON1 PL[1 CLO!S1 B$1 UT5SILS1 - & SELLS !M ALL AT A L[ PRICE4 ,!N ! POOR WRET* PICKS UP HIS />V+ FAMILY & GOES TO ANO!R PROPRIETOR1 :O SEEMS TO HIM TO BE K9D]4 ,?IS ONE GIVES HIM OX51 A PL[1 SE$S1 & SO =?4 ,BUT1 AFT] HE HAS LIV$ H]E = SOME TIME1 ! SAME /ORY IS REPEAT$4 ,!N HE GOES TO A ?IRD PROPRIETOR1 & SO =?4 ,!N ! PROPRIETORS :O DO !IR [N S[+ HIRE LABOR]S DUR+ ! B>VE/1BUT IT IS !IR CU/OM TO PAY ! WAGES AT ! 5D ( ! H>VE/1 & BUT FEW ( ! PROPRIETORS EV] PAY !IR H&S1 - ! MAJORITY HOLD BACK HALF ! PAY1 IF NOT ALL4 ,& !RE IS NO WAY ( GETT+ JU/ICE4 ,SO !RE Y\ HAVE A CON/ITUTION6 ,!RE Y\ HAVE A P>LIAM5T6  

 0,! L& IS ! FIR/ 9DISP5SABLE CONDITION :I* ! MASSES %\LD /RIVE AFT]4 ,! FACTORIES & WORKS1 IT SEEMS TO ME1 WILL NATURALLY PASS OV] 9TO ! H&S ( ! WORK+ M54 ,:5 ! PEASANTS GET L&1 !Y ,WILL WORK ON IT & LIVE FREELY UPON !IR LABOR4 ,!N MANY WILL REFUSE TO LABOR 9 ! FACTORIES & WORKS1 CONSEQU5TLY !RE WILL BE LESS COMPETITION = ! WORK+ M54 ,!N ! WAGES WILL RISE1 & !Y WILL BE ABLE TO ORGANIZE !IR CIRCLES & FUNDS1 & WILL BE ABLE !MSELVES TO COMPETE ) !IR MA/]S2 !N ! LATT] WILL NOT F9D IT ADVANTAGE\S TO HAVE FACTORIES1 & !Y WILL 5T] 9TO AGREEM5TS ) ! WORK+ M54 ,L& IS ! *IEF OBJECT ( ! /RUGGLE4 ,?IS \<T TO BE EXPLA9$ TO ! WORK+ M54 ,EV5 IF !Y %\LD OBTA9 AN 9CREASE 9 WAGES ?IS W\LD BE ONLY TEMPOR>Y1 TO ALLAY !IR M9DS4 ,!N AGA9 ! CONDITIONS ( LIFE WILL *ANGE1 IF 9/EAD ( ONE DISSATISFI$ MAN T5 O!RS %ALL BE WAIT+ TO TAKE HIS PLACE4 ,H[ CAN !Y !N ASK = AN 9CREASE ( WAGES80  

 ,?\< ! 9=MATION GIV5 9 ! LETT] CONC]N+ ! /ATE ( AFFAIRS 9 ,ROMANIA IS NOT QUITE CORRECT1 & ?\< 9 O!R C\NTRIES !SE OPPRESSIONS DO NOT EXI/1 ! ESS5CE ( ! MATT]1 :I* IS1 ?AT ! FIR/ CONDITION = ! IMPROVEM5T ( ! WORK+ M5'S CONDITION IS TO BE F\ND 9 FREE L&1 IS 9 ?IS LETT] EXPRESS$ ) UNUSUAL CLE>NESS4  

 ,L& IS ! *IEF OBJECT ( ! /RUGGLE6 SO WRITES ?IS UNLE>N$ PEASANT4 ,BUT ! LE>N$ SOCIALI/S SAY ?AT ! *IEF OBJECT ( ! /RUGGLE IS WORKS1 FACTORIES1 & ONLY LA/LY L&4 ,= ! WORK+ M5 TO GET L& !Y MU/1 ACCORD+ TO ! DOCTR9E ( ! SOCIALI/S1 FIR/ ( ALL /RUGGLE AGA9/ ! CAPITALI/S = ! POSSESSION ( PLANTS & FACTORIES1 & ONLY AFT] !Y %ALL HAVE TAK5 POSSESSION ( ! PLANTS & FACTORIES WILL !Y GET POSSESSION ( ! L&4 ,M5 NE$ L&1 & !Y >E TOLD ?AT = ITS POSSESSION !Y MU/ FIR/ ( ALL AB&ON IT & !N OBTA9 IT AGA9 BY A COMPLEX PROCESS1 AS PR$ICT$ BY ! SOCIALI/IC PROPHETS1 TOGE!R ) UNNECESS>Y WORKS & FACTORIES1 ,?IS DEM& TO GET POSSESSION ( WORKS & FACTORIES1 :I* >E ( NO USE TO ! AGRICULTURI/S1 9 ORD] TO GET POSSESSION ( ! L&1 REM9DS ONE ( ! ME?ODS US$ BY C]TA9 USUR]S4  ,Y\ ASK SU* A USUR] = A ?\S& RUBLES 9 ,MONEY1 = Y\ NE$ ONLY ! MONEY1 BUT ! USUR] TELLS Y\3  0,I CAN-NOT GIVE Y\ JU/ ! ONE ?\S& RUBLES2 TAKE FROM ME FIVE ?\S&1 F\R ?\S& ( :I* WILL BE 9 ! =M ( A FEW TONS ( SOAP1 ( A FEW BOLTS ( SILK /UFFS1 & SO =?1 ?+S :I* Y\ DO NOT NE$1 & !N ,I %ALL BE ABLE TO GIVE Y\ ! ONE ?\S& RUBLES 9 MONEY :I* Y\ NE$40  

 ,EV5 SO ! SOCIALI/S1 HAV+ QUITE IRREGUL>LY DECID$ ?AT ! L& IS JU/ SU* AN IMPLEM5T ( LABOR AS A PLANT OR A FACTORY1 PROPOSE TO ! LABOR]S :O >E SUFF]+ ONLY FROM LACK ( L&1 ?AT !Y GO AWAY FROM ! L& & BUSY !MSELVES ) TAK+ POSSESSION ( ! FACTORIES :I* PRODUCE CANNON1 GUNS1 SOAP1 MIRRORS1 RIBBONS1 & ALL K9DS ( >TICLES ( LUXURY1 & !N ONLY1 AFT] !SE LABOR]S %ALL HAVE LE>N$ QUICKLY & RAPIDLY TO PRODUCE MIRRORS & RIBBONS1 BUT %ALL HAVE BECOME UNFIT TO WORK ! L&1 TAKE POSSESSION ( ! L& ALSO4  

 ,H[EV] /RANGE IT IS TO SEE A WORK+ MAN :O HAS AB&ON$ A LIFE 9 ! C\NTRY AMID ! FRE$OM ( ! FIELDS1 MEAD[S1 & WOODS1 & :O T5 YE>S LAT]1 SOMETIMES EV5 AFT] SEV]AL G5]ATIONS1 REJOICES :5 HE RECEIVES FROM HIS MA/] A LITTLE H\SE 9 ! 9FECT$ AIR ) A TW5TY-FOOT G>D5 9 :I* HE CAN PLANT A DOZ5 CUCUMB]S & TWO SUNFL[]S1 - SU* A JOY IS COMPREH5SIBLE4  

 ,! POSSIBILITY ,( LIV+ ,ON ! L&1 ( GA9+ ONE'S SU/5ANCE FROM IT BY MEANS ( ONE'S [N LABOR1 HAS ALWAYS BE5 & ALWAYS WILL BE ONE ( ! *IEF CONDITIONS ( A HAPPY & 9DEP5D5T HUMAN LIFE4 ,?IS ALL M5 HAVE ALWAYS KN[N1 & SO ALL M5 HAVE ALWAYS /RIV5 & NEV] /OP /RIV+ & ALWAYS WILL /RIVE1 LIKE A FI% = ! WAT]1 AT LEA/ = ! SEMBLANCE ( SU* A LIFE4  

 ,BUT ! SOCIALI/IC DOCTR9E SAYS ?AT = ! HAPP9ESS ( M5 !Y DO NOT NE$ SU* A LIFE AMID PLANTS & ANIMALS1 ) ! POSSIBILITY ( SATISFY+ NE>LY ALL !IR DAILY WANTS BY MEANS ( !IR [N AGRICULTURAL LABOR1 BUT A LIFE 9 9DU/RIAL C5T]S ) 9FECT$ AIR1 & ) 9CREAS+ & EV] 9CREAS+ DEM&S1 ! GRATIFICATION ( :I* IS POSSIBLE ONLY BY MEANS ( S5SELESS LABOR 9 ! FACTORIES4 ,& ! WORK+ M5 :O >E 5ME%$ 9 ! TEMPTATIONS ( !IR FACTORY LIVES BELIEVE ?IS & USE ALL !IR EF=TS 9 A MIS]ABLE /RUGGLE ) ! CAPITALI/S = ! SAKE ( H\RS ( LABOR & ADDITIONAL P5NIES1 IMAG9+ ?AT !Y >E DO+ SOME V]Y IMPORTANT WORK1 :]EAS ! ONLY IMPORTANT WORK1 = :I* ?OSE WORK+ M5 :O HAVE BE5 TORN AWAY FROM ! L& \<T TO USE ALL !IR =CES1 %\LD CONSI/ 9 F9D+ A MEANS ( RETURN+ TO A LIFE AMID ,NATURE & TO AGRICULTURAL LABOR4 0,BUT10 SAY ! SOCIALI/S1 0EV5 IF IT W]E TRUE ?AT A LIFE AMID ,NATURE IS BETT] ?AN A LIFE 9 A FACTORY1 !RE >E N[ SO MANY FACTORY WORKM51 & !SE M5 HAVE AB&ON$ AGRICULTURAL LIFE SO LONG AGO1 ?AT !IR RETURN TO LIFE ON ! L& IS N[ IMPOSSIBLE4 ,IT IS IMPOSSIBLE BECAUSE SU* A TRANSITION WILL )\T ANY NECESSITY DIM9I% ! PRODUCTIONS ( ! MANUFACTUR+ 9DU/RIES1 :I* =M ! WEAL? ( ! C\NTRY4 ,BESIDES1 EV5 IF ?IS W]E NOT SO1 !RE IS NOT 5\< FREE L& = ! SETTLEM5T & SU/5ANCE ( ALL FACTORY WORKM540  

 ,IT IS NOT TRUE ?AT ! WORK+ M5'S RESETTLEM5T ( ! L& WILL DIM9I% ! WEAL? ( ! C\NTRY1 BECAUSE LIFE ON ! L& DOES NOT EXCLUDE ! POSSIBILITY ( ! LABOR]S' P>TICIPATION1 = A P>T ( !IR TIME1 9 MANUFACTUR+ LABOR AT HOME OR EV5 9 FACTORIES4 ,BUT IF1 9 CONSEQU5CE ( ?IS RESETTLEM5T1 ! MANUFACTURE ( USELESS & 9JURI\S >TICLES1 :I* N[ >E PRODUC$ ) GREAT RAPIDITY 9 ! GREAT MANUFACTUR+ PLANTS1 %ALL BE DIM9I%$1 & ! N[ USUAL OV]PRODUCTION ,( NECESS>Y >TICLES %ALL COME TO AN 5D1 :ILE ! AM\NT ,( CORN1 VEGETABLES1 FRUIT1 DOME/IC ANIMALS1 %ALL BE 9CREAS$1 ?IS WILL 9 NO WAY DIM9I% ! WEAL? ( PEOPLE1 BUT WILL ONLY 9CREASE IT4  

 ,BUT ?AT >GUM5T ?AT !RE WILL NOT BE 5\< L& = ! SETTLEM5T & SU/5ANCE ( ALL ! WORK+ M5 9 FACTORIES IS UNTRUE1 BECAUSE 9 ! MAJORITY ( C\NTRIES1 7TO SAY NO?+ ( ,RUSSIA1 :]E ! L& RETA9$ BY ! L>GE L&$ PROPRIETORS W\LD SUFFICE = ALL ! FACTORY WORK+ M5 9 ,RUSSIA & 9 ! :OLE ( ,EUROPE71 & EV5 9 SU* C\NTRIES AS ,5GL& & ,BELGIUM1 ! L& :I* BELONGS TO ! L>GE LAUD$ PROPRIETORS W\LD SUFFICE = ! SU/5ANCE ( ALL WORK+ PEOPLE1 IF ONLY ! CULTIVATION ( ?IS L& W]E TO BE C>RI$ TO ?AT /AGE ( P]FECTION :I* IT CAN ATTA9 ) ! PRES5T P]FECTION ( ! ME*ANICAL >TS1 OR EV5 TO ?AT DEGREE ( P]FECTION TO :I* IT WAS C>RI$ ?\S&S ( YE>S AGO 9 ,*9A4  

 ,LET ?OSE :O >E 9T]E/$ 9 ?IS QUE/ION READ ,KROPOTK9'S BOOKS1 ,LA CONQUETE DU PA9 & ,FIELDS1 ,FACTORIES1 & ,WORK%OPS1 & ! V]Y GOOD BOOK PUBLI%$ BY ! ,POSR$NIK1 ,POPOV'S ,! ,CORN ,G>D51 & !Y WILL SEE H[ MANY TIMES ! PRODUCTIV5ESS ( AGRICULTURE MAY /ILL BE 9CREAS$ ) 9T5SIVE CULTIVATION1 H[ MANY TIMES ! PRES5T NUMB] ( M5 MAY BE F$ FROM ! SAME PLOT ( GR\ND4 ,! IMPROV$ ME?ODS ( CULTIVATION WILL C]TA9LY BE 9TRODUC$ BY ! SMALL PROPRIETORS1 IF ONLY !Y %ALL NOT BE COMPELL$1 AS !Y N[ >E1 TO GIVE ALL !IR 9COME TO ! L>GE L&[N]S1 FROM :OM !Y R5T ! L& & :O HAVE NO NE$ TO 9CREASE ! PRODUCTIV5ESS ( ! L& FROM :I* !Y )\T ANY C>E D]IVE A GREAT 9COME4 ,!Y SAY ?AT !RE WILL NOT BE 5\< FREE L& = ALL WORK+ PEOPLE1 & SO IT IS NOT WOR? :ILE TO WORRY AB\T ! L& :I* IS KEPT FROM !M BY ! L&[N]S4  

 ,?IS REFLECTION IS AS IF AN [N] ( A H\SE W]E TO SAY CONC]N+ A CR[D /&+ 9 A /ORM & 9 ! COLD 9 FRONT ( AN UNOCCUPI$ H\SE & ASK+ HIM TO BE ALL[$ TO TAKE %ELT] 9 IT3 0,!SE PEOPLE MU/ NOT BE LET 91 BECAUSE ANYWAY !Y CANNOT ALL ( !M BE ACCOMMODAT$ 9 IT40 ,LET 9 ?OSE :O BEG TO BE LET 91 & !N WE %ALL SEE1 FROM ! WAY !Y LOCATE !MSELVES1 :E!R ALL CAN BE ACCOMMODAT$1 OR ONLY A P>T4 ,& EV5 IF NOT ALL CAN BE ACCOMMODAT$1 :Y %\LD NOT ?OSE BE ADMITT$ :O CAN F9D ROOM 8  

 ,! SAME IS TRUE ( ! L&4 ,GIVE ! L& :I* IS KEPT BACK FROM ! WORK+ M5 TO ?OSE :O ASK = IT1 & !N WE %ALL SEE :E!R ?IS L& IS SUFFICI5T OR NOT4  

 ,BESIDES1 ! >GUM5T AB\T ! 9SUFFICI5CY ( L& = ! WORK+ PEOPLE1 :O N[ WORK 9 FACTORIES1 IS 9CORRECT 9 ITS ESS5CE4 ,IF ! FACTORY POPULATION N[ FE$ ON BREAD :I* !Y BUY1 !RE IS NO REASON :Y1 9/EAD ( BUY+ ! GRA9 :I* IS PRODUC$ BY O!RS1 !Y %\LD NOT !MSELVES WORK ! L& ON :I* ! GRA9 IS PRODUC$ & ON :I* !Y FE$1 NO MATT] :]E ?IS L& MAY BE1 9 ,9DIA1 ,>G5T9A1 ,AU/RALIA1 OR ,SIB]IA4  

 ,?US ALL ! >GUM5TS AB\T :Y ! WORKM5 9 ! FACTORIES %\LD NOT & C\LD NOT GO BACK TO ! L& HAVE NO F\NDATION :ATEV]2 ON ! CONTR>Y1 IT IS CLE> ?AT SU* A *ANGE NOT ONLY C\LD NOT BE 9JURI\S TO ! COMMON WELF>E1 BUT W\LD EV5 9CREASE IT & W\LD C]TA9LY DO AWAY ) ?OSE *RONIC FAM9ES 9 ,9DIA1 ,RUSSIA1 & O!R PLACES :I* MORE OBVI\SLY ?AN ANY?+ ELSE %[ ! IRREGUL>ITY ( ! PRES5T DI/RIBUTION ( L&4  

 ,IT IS TRUE1:]E ! MANUFACTUR+ 9DU/RY IS P>TICUL>LY DEVELOP$1 AS 9 ,5GL&1 ,BELGIUM1 & A FEW ,/ATES 9 ,AM]ICA1 ! LIFE ( ! WORK+ PEOPLE HAS TO SU* AN EXT5T BE5 CORRUPT$ ?AT ! RETURN TO ! L& PRES5TS ITSELF AS V]Y DIFFICULT4 ,BUT ! DIFFICULTY ( SU* A RETURN ( ! WORK+ M5 TO AN AGRICULTURAL LIFE BY NO MEANS EXCLUDES ! POSSIBILITY ( REALIZ+ SU* A *ANGE4 ,= IT TO TAKE PLACE IT IS NECESS>Y = ! WORK+ PEOPLE FIR/ ( ALL TO UND]/& ?AT ?IS *ANGE IS 9DISP5SABLE = !IR GOOD1 & ?AT !Y %\LD F9D MEANS = ITS REALIZATION1 9/EAD ( ACCEPT+ 7AS ! SOCIALI/IC DOCTR9E N[ TEA*ES !M7 !IR FACTORY SLAV]Y AS !IR ET]NAL1 IMMUTABLE CONDITION1 :I* CAN BE ALLEVIAT$1 BUT NEV] DE/ROY$4  

 ,?US EV5 ! WORK+ M5 :O HAVE LEFT ! L& & LIVE BY FACTORY LABOR DO NOT NE$ UNIONS1 SOCIETIES1 /RIKES1 *ILDI% PROCESSIONS ) FLAGS ON ! FIR/ ( ,MAY1 & SO =?1 BUT ONLY ?IS1 - ! F9D+ ( MEANS = FREE+ !MSELVES FROM !IR FACTORY SLAV]Y & = SETTL+ ON ! L&1 ! *IEF IMP$IM5T TO :I* IS F\ND 9 ! SEIZURE ( ! L& BY ! [N]S :O DO NOT WORK IT4 ,?IS !Y %\LD ASK & DEM& ( !IR RUL]S4 ,&1 9 DEM&+ ?IS1 !Y WILL NOT BE DEM&+ SOME?+ NOT !IR [N1 NOT BELONG+ TO !M1 BUT ! RE/ITUTION ( !IR MO/ UNQUE/IONABLE & 9ALI5ABLE RI<T1 :I* IS 9H]5T 9 EV]Y ANIMAL1 TO LIVE ON ! L& & GET !IR SU/5ANCE FROM IT1 )\T ASK+ ANYBODY ELSE'S P]MISSION TO DO SO4  

 ,IT IS = ?IS ?AT ! DEPUTIES ( ! WORK+ M5 \<T TO /RUGGLE 9 ! P>LIAM5TS2 ?IS \<T TO BE PREA*$ BY ! PRESS :I* /&S ON ! SIDE ( ! WORK+ M52 = ?IS ! WORK+ M5 9 ! FACTORIES MU/ PREP>E !MSELVES4  

 ,?US IT IS 9 ! CASE ( ! LABOR]S :O HAVE LEFT ! L&4 ,BUT = LABOR]S1 LIKE ! MAJORITY ( ! ,RUSSIAN LABOR]S1 N9ETY-EI<T P] C5T4 ( :OM /ILL LIVE ON ! L&1 ! QUE/ION CONSI/S ONLY 9 ?IS1 H[ !Y MAY BE ABLE TO IMPROVE !IR CONDITION1 )\T AB&ON+ !IR L& & SURR5D]+ !MSELVES TO ! TEMPTATIONS ( A FACTORY LIFE4  

 ,= ?IS ONE ?+ IS NE$$1 - TO TURN OV] TO ! LABOR]S ! L& :I* IS N[ HELD BY ! L>GE L&[N]S4  

 ,TALK 9 ,RUSSIA ) ANY PEASANT Y\ MEET1 :O IS WORK+ 9 T[N1 ASK :Y HE IS NOT F>+ WELL1 & HE WILL 9V>IABLY ANSW] ONE & ! SAME ?+3 0,I HAVE NO L&1 NO?+ TO PUT MY H&S TO40  

 ,& H]E1 9 ,RUSSIA1 :]E ! :OLE NATION RAISES AN UNABAT$ CRY ON ACC\NT ( ! 9SUFFICI5CY ( L&1 M5 :O ?9K ?AT !Y >E S]V+ ! MASSES DO NOT PREA* TO !M AB\T MEANS = RETURN+ TO !M ! L& :I* HAS BE5 TAK5 AWAY FROM !M1 BUT AB\T ME?ODS = /RUGGL+ 9 ! FACTORIES ) ! CAPITALI/S4  

 0,BUT %\LD ALL M5 LIVE 9 ! C\NTRY & BUSY !MSELVES ) AGRICULTURE80 WILL SAY PEOPLE :O >E TO SU* AN EXT5T ACCU/OM$ TO ! UNNATURAL LIFE ( ! M5 ( ! PRES5T TIME ?AT ?IS PRES5TS ITSELF TO !M AS RA!R /RANGE & IMPOSSIBLE4 ,BUT :Y %\LD NOT ALL M5 LIVE 9 ! C\NTRY & BUSY !MSELVES ) AGRICULTURE8 ,H[EV]1 IF PEOPLE %ALL BE F\ND ) SU* /RANGE TA/ES AS TO PREF] ! FACTORY SLAV]Y TO ! LIFE 9 ! C\NTRY1 NO?+ WILL KEEP !M FROM DO+ SO4 ,! ONLY PO9T IS ?AT EV]Y MAN %\LD HAVE A *ANCE TO LIVE 9 HUMAN FA%ION4 ,:5 WE SAY ?AT IT IS DESIRABLE ?AT EV]Y MAN %\LD HAVE A FAMILY1 WE DO NOT SAY ?AT EV]Y MAN %\LD GET M>RI$ & HAVE *ILDR51 BUT ONLY1 ?AT WE DO NOT APPROVE ( A /RUCTURE ( SOCIETY 9 :I* A MAN CANNOT HAVE ! *ANCE TO DO SO4  

 ,EV5 DUR+ ! TIME ( S]FDOM1 ! PEASANTS US$ TO SAY TO !IR MA/]S1 0,WE >E Y\RS1 BUT ! L& IS \RS1 ?AT IS1 !Y RECOGNIZ$ ?AT1 NO MATT] H[ ILLEGAL & CRUEL ! POSSESSION ( ONE MAN BY ANO!R WAS1 ! RI<T ( A MAN TO [N L& )\T WORK+ IT WAS EV5 MORE ILLEGAL & CRUEL4 ,IT IS TRUE1 ( LATE A FEW ( ! ,RUSSIAN PEASANTS1 IMITAT+ ! L&[N]S1 HAVE BEGUN TO BUY L& & TO DEAL 9 IT1 CONSID]+ ! [N]%IP ( IT TO BE LEGAL1 NO LONG] AFRAID ?AT IT WILL BE TAK5 FROM !M4 ,BUT ?US ACT ONLY A FEW FRIVOL\S PEASANTS :O >E BL9D$ BY GRE$4 ,! MAJORITY1 ALL ! REAL ,RUSSIAN AGRICULTURI/S1 BELIEVE FIRMLY ?AT ! L& CANNOT & MU/ NOT BE ! PROP]TY ( ?OSE :O DO NOT WORK IT1 & ?AT1 AL?\< N[ ! L& IS TAK5 AWAY FROM ! WORK]S BY ?OSE :O DO NOT WORK IT1 ! TIME WILL COME :5 IT %ALL BE TAK5 AWAY FROM ?OSE :O N[ [N IT & %ALL BECOME1 AS IT \<T TO BE1 A COMMON POSSESSION4 ,& ! ,RUSSIAN PEASANTS >E QUITE RI<T 9 BELIEV+ ?AT ?IS IS SO & %\LD BE SO4 ,! TIME HAS COME :5 ! 9JU/ICE1 IRRATIONALITY1 & CRUELTY ( ! [N]%IP ( L& BY ?OSE :O DO NOT WORK IT HAS BECOME AS OBVI\S AS FIFTY YE>S AGO W]E OBVI\S ! 9JU/ICE1 IRRATIONALITY1 & CRUELTY ( ! [N]%IP ( S]FS4 ,EI!R BECAUSE ! O!R ME?ODS ( OPPRESSION HAVE BE5 DE/ROY$1 OR BECAUSE ! NUMB] ( PEOPLE HAS 9CREAS$1 OR BECAUSE M5 HAVE BECOME MORE 5LI<T5$1 ALL 7BO? ?OSE :O [N L& & ?OSE :O >E DEPRIV$ ( IT7 SEE CLE>LY :AT !Y DID NOT SEE BE=E1 ?AT IF A PEASANT :O HAS WORK$ ALL HIS LIFE HAS NOT 5\< GRA91 BECAUSE HE HAS NO GR\ND ON :I* TO S[ IT1 IF HE HAS NO MILK = ! *ILDR5 & = ! OLD1 BECAUSE HE HAS NO PA/URE1 IF HE HAS NOT A ROD ( TIMB] ) :I* TO M5D HIS ROTT5 CAB9 & KEEP IT W>M1 :ILE ! NEI<BOR+ L&[N]1 :O DOES NO WORK1 LIVES ON AN IMM5SE E/ATE1 FE$+ MILK TO HIS PUPPIES1 BUILD+ >BORS & /ABLES ) PLATE-GLASS W9D[S1 RAIS+ %EEP & E/ABLI%+ =E/S & P>KS ON T5S ( ?\S&S ( DESYAT9AS ( L&1 SP5D+ 9 FOOD 9 A WEEK :AT W\LD KEEP A FAMI%$ NEI<BOR+ VILLAGE ALIVE = A :OLE YE>1 -SU* A /RUCTURE ( LIFE %\LD NOT EXI/4 ,! 9JU/ICE1 IRRATIONALITY1 & CRUELTY ( SU* A /ATE ( AFFAIRS N[ />TLES EV]YBODY1 JU/ AS =M]LY M5 W]E />TL$ BY ! 9JU/ICE1 IRRATIONALITY1 & CRUELTY ( S]FDOM4 ,& AS SOON AS ! 9JU/ICE1 IRRATIONALITY1 & CRUELTY ( ANY /RUCTURE BECOME CLE> TO M51 ?IS /RUCTURE WILL 9 ONE WAY OR ANO!R COME TO AN 5D4 ,?US 5D$ S]FDOM1 & ?US V]Y SOON L&$ PROP]TY WILL COME TO AN 5D4  

 ,L&$ PROP]TY MU/ 9EVITABLY BE DE/ROY$1 BECAUSE ! 9JU/ICE1 IRRATIONALITY1 & CRUELTY ( ?IS 9/ITUTION HAVE BECOME TOO OBVI\S4 ,! ONLY QUE/ION IS H[ IT WILL BE ABOLI%$4 ,S]FDOM & SLAV]Y1 NOT ONLY 9 ,RUSSIA1 BUT ALSO 9 ALL O!R C\NTRIES1 HAVE BE5 ABOLI%$ BY ORD] ( ! GOV]NM5TS4 ,& IT W\LD SEEM ?AT ! [N]%IP ( L& C\LD BE ABOLI%$ BY A SIMIL> ORD]4 ,BUT IT IS NOT LIKELY ?AT SU* AN ORD] CAN OR WILL EV] BE PROMULGAT$ BY A GOV]NM5T4  

 ,ALL GOV]NM5TS >E COMPOS$ ( M5 :O LIVE BY O!R PEOPLE'S LABOR1 & IT IS ! [N]%IP ( L& ?AT MORE ?AN ANY?+ ELSE MAKES IT POSSIBLE TO LEAD SU* A LIFE4 ,IT IS NOT ! RUL]S & ! L>GE L&$ PROPRIETORS ALONE :O WILL NOT P]MIT ! ABOLITION ( L&$ PROP]TY3 M5 :O HAVE NO?+ 9 COMMON ) ! GOV]NM5T OR ) ! [N]%IP ( L&1 (FICIALS1 >TI/S1 S*OL>S1 M]*ANTS1 :O S]VE ! RI*1 FEEL+ 9/9CTIVELY ?AT !IR ADVANTAGE\S POSITION IS CONNECT$ ) ! [N]%IP ( L&1 EI!R ALWAYS DEF5D ! [N]%IP ( L&1 OR1 ATTACK+ EV]Y?+ :I* IS LESS IMPORTANT1 NEV] T\* ! QUE/ION ( ! [N]%IP ( L&4  

 ,A /RIK+ ILLU/RATION ( SU* A RELATION TO ! QUE/ION ON ! P>T ( ! M5 ( ! WEAL?Y CLASSES MAY BE F\ND 9 ! *ANGE ?AT HAS TAK5 PLACE 9 ! VIEWS ( ! FAM\S ,H]B]T ,SP5C] CONC]N+ ! [N]%IP ( L&4 ,SO LONG AS ,H]B]T ,SP5C] WAS A Y\NG BEG9N]1 :O HAD NO TIES ) ! RI* & ! RUL]S1 HE LOOK$ UPON ! QUE/ION ( ! [N]%IP ( L& AS EV]Y MAN :O IS NOT TI$ BY ANY PRECONCEIV$ NOTIONS MU/ LOOK UPON IT3 HE REJECT$ IT 9 ! MO/ RADICAL MANN] & PROV$ ITS 9JU/ICE4 ,BUT DECADES PASS$1 ,H]B]T ,SP5C] FROM AN UNKN[N Y\NG MAN BECAME A FAM\S WRIT]1 :O E/ABLI%$ RELATIONS ) RUL]S & L>GE L&$ PROPRIETORS1 & HE TO SU* AN EXT5T MODIFI$ HIS VIEWS UPON ! [N]%IP ( L& ?AT HE TRI$ TO DE/ROY ALL ?OSE $ITIONS 9 :I* HE HAD SO =CIBLY EXPRESS$ ! CORRECT IDEAS AB\T ! ILLEGALITY ( L&$ PROP]TY4  

 ,?US ! MAJORITY ( WELL-TO-DO PEOPLE FEEL 9/9CTIVELY1 IF NOT CONSCI\SLY1 ?AT !IR ADVANTAGE\S POSITION DEP5DS ON ! [N]%IP ( ! L&4 ,TO ?IS IS DUE ! FACT ?AT ! P>LIAM5TS 9 !IR PRET5D$ C>ES = ! GOOD ( ! MASSES PROPOSE1 DISCUSS1 & ADOPT ! MO/ V>I$ MEASURES :I* >E TO IMPROVE ! CONDITION ( ! MASSES1 BUT NOT ! ONE :I* ALONE REALLY IMPROVES ! CONDITION ( ! MASSES & IS 9DISP5SABLE TO !M1 ! ABOLITION ( ! [N]%IP ( L&4  

 ,?US1 TO SOLVE ! QUE/ION AB\T ! [N]%IP ( ! L&1 IT IS NECESS>Y FIR/ ( ALL TO DE/ROY ! CONSCI\SLY CONCORDANT SIL5CE :I* HAS E/ABLI%$ ITSELF 9 REG>D TO ?IS QUE/ION4 ,?US IT IS 9 ?OSE C\NTRIES :]E P>T ( ! P[] IS 9 ! P>LIAM5TS4 ,BUT 9 ,RUSSIA1 :]E ! :OLE P[] IS 9 ! H&S ( ! ,CZ>1 ! PROVISION = ! ABOLITION ( ! [N]%IP ( L& IS /ILL LESS POSSIBLE4 ,9 ,RUSSIA ! P[] IS ONLY NOM9ALLY 9 ! H&S ( ! ,CZ>2 9 REALITY IT IS 9 ! H&S ( A FEW HUNDR$S ( =TUIT\S M51 RELATIVES & NE> FRI5DS ( ! ,CZ>1 :O COMPEL HIM TO DO :AT PLEASES !M4  

 ,N[ ALL !SE M5 [N IMM5SE TRACTS ( L&1 & SO !Y WILL NEV] ALL[ ! ,CZ>1 EV5 IF HE %\LD WI% TO DO SO1 TO FREE ! L& FROM ! P[] ( ! L&$ PROPRIETORS4 ,NO MATT] H[ H>D IT WAS = ! ,CZ> :O LIB]AT$ ! PEASANTS TO COMPEL HIS RETA9]S TO GIVE UP ! RI<T ( S]FDOM1 HE WAS ABLE TO DO SO1 BECAUSE !SE RETA9]S DID NOT GIVE TIP ! L&4 ,BUT 9 GIV+ UP ! L&1 ! RETA9]S & ! RELATIVES ( ! ,CZ> KN[ ?AT !Y LOSE !IR LA/ *ANCE ( LIV+ AS !Y HAVE BE5 ACCU/OM$ TO LIVE4  

 ,?US IT IS ABSOLUTELY IMPOSSIBLE TO EXPECT ! EMANCIPATION ( ! L& FROM ! GOV]NM5T 9 G5]AL1 & 9 ,RUSSIA FROM ! ,CZ>4  

 ,IT IS IMPOSSIBLE BY MEANS ( VIOL5CE TO TAKE AWAY ! L& :I* IS RETA9$ BY ! L&$ PROPRIETORS1 BECAUSE ! /R5G? HAS ALWAYS BE5 & WILL ALWAYS BE ON ! SIDE ( ?OSE :O HAVE ALREADY SEIZ$ ! P[]4 ,IT IS QUITE S5SELESS TO WAIT = ! EMANCIPATION ( ! L& TO BE A*IEV$ 9 ! MANN] PROPOS$ BY ! SOCIALI/S1 ?AT IS1 TO BE PREP>$ TO GIVE UP ! CONDITIONS ( A GOOD LIFE = ! V]Y WOR/ 9 EXPECTATION ( ! SWEET BY & BY4  

 ,EV]Y RATIONAL MAN SEES ?AT ?IS ME?OD NOT ONLY DOES NOT EMANCIPATE1 BUT MORE & MORE MAKES ! WORK+ M5 ! SLAVES ( !IR MA/]S1 & PREP>ES !M = SLAV]Y 9 ! FUTURE 9 RELATION TO ?OSE MANAG]S :O WILL HAVE *>GE ( ! NEW ORD]4 ,IT IS /ILL MORE S5SELESS TO WAIT = ! ABOLITION ( ! [N]%IP ( L& FROM A REPRES5TATIVE GOV]NM5T OR FROM ! ,CZ>1 AS ! ,RUSSIAN PEASANTS HAVE BE5 WAIT+ = IT = ! LA/ TWO REIGNS1 BECAUSE ALL ! RETA9]S ( ! ,CZ> & ! ,CZ> HIMSELF [N IMM5SE TRACTS ( L&1 &1 ?\< !Y PRET5D TO BE 9T]E/$ 9 ! WELF>E ( ! PEASANTS1 NEV] WILL GIVE !M ! ONE ?+ :I* !Y NE$1 - ! L&1 - BECAUSE !Y KN[ ?AT )\T ! [N]%IP ( ! L& !Y WILL BE DEPRIV$ ( !IR ADVANTAGE\S POSITION AS IDLE M5 :O 5JOY ! LABORS ( ! MASSES4  

 ,:AT1 !N1 >E ! WORK+ M5 TO DO 9 ORD] TO FREE !MSELVES FROM ! OPPRESSION 9 :I* !Y >E 8  

 ,AT FIR/ IT SEEMS ?AT !RE IS NO?+ TO BE DONE1 & ?AT ! WORK+ M5 >E SO FETT]$ ?AT !Y HAVE NO POSSIBILITY :ATEV] ( FREE+ !MSELVES4 ,BUT ?AT ONLY SEEMS SO4 ,! WORK+ M5 NE$ ONLY POND] ON ! CAUSES ( !IR 5SLAVEM5T1 TO SEE ?AT1 BESIDES RIOTS1 BESIDES SOCIALISM1 & BESIDES ! VA9 HOPES 9 ! GOV]NM5TS1 & 9 ,RUSSIA 9 ! ,CZ>1 !Y HAVE A MEANS = FREE+ !MSELVES1 SU* AS NO ONE & NO?+ CAN 9T]F]E ) & AS ALWAYS HAS BE5 & EV5 N[ IS 9 !IR H&S4  

 ,9DE$1 !RE IS BUT ONE CAUSE = ! WRET*$ CONDITION ( ! WORK+ M51 - IT IS ?IS1 ?AT ! L&$ PROPRIETORS [N ! L& :I* ! WORK+ M5 NE$4 ,BUT :AT IS IT ?AT GIVES ! PROPRIETORS ! POSSIBILITY ( [N+ ?IS L&8  

 ,9 ! FIR/ PLACE1 ?IS1 ?AT 9 CASE ! WORK+ M5 ATTEMPT TO MAKE USE ( ?IS L& !Y S5D = TROOPS1 :I* WILL DISP]SE1 BEAT1 & KILL ?OSE WORK+ M5 :O HAVE SEIZ$ ! L&1 & WILL RETURN IT TO ! L&[N]S4 ,N[ !SE TROOPS >E COMPOS$ ( Y\1 ! WORK+ M54 ,?US Y\ Y\RSELVES1 ! WORK+ M51 BY BECOM+ SOLDI]S & OBEY+ ! MILIT>Y AU?ORITIES1 MAKE IT POSSIBLE = ! L&$ PROPRIETORS TO [N !IR L&1 :I* \<T TO BELONG TO Y\4 7,?AT A ,*RI/IAN CANNOT BE A SOLDI]1 ?AT IS1 ?AT HE CANNOT PROMISE TO KILL HIS LIKE1 & MU/ REFUSE TO USE WEAPONS1 ,I HAVE WRITT5 AB\T MANY TIMES1 AMONG O!RS 9 A PAMPHLET1 ,! ,SOLDI]S' ,MEM5TO1 :]E ,I TRI$ TO PROVE FROM ! ,GOSPEL :Y EV]Y ,*RI/IAN %\LD DO SO47 

 ,BUT1 BESIDES Y\R MAK+ IT POSSIBLE1 BY Y\R P>TICIPATION 9 ! >MY1 = ! PROPRIETORS TO [N ! L& :I* BELONGS TO ALL M51 CONSEQU5TLY ALSO TO Y\1 Y\ ALSO GIVE ?IS POSSIBILITY TO ! PROPRIETORS BY WORK+ ON ! PROPRIETORS' L&S & BY R5T+ !M4 ,Y\1 ! LABOR]S1 NE$ ONLY /OP DO+ SO1 & ! [N]%IP ( ! L& WILL NOT ONLY BECOME USELESS = ! PROPRIETORS1 BUT ALSO IMPOSSIBLE1 & !IR L& WILL BECOME COMMON PROP]TY4 ,NO MATT] H[ MU* ! L&$ PROPRIETORS MAY TRY TO SUB/ITUTE MA*9ES = LABOR]S1 & 9/EAD ( AGRICULTURE TO 9TRODUCE CATTLE-RAIS+ & =E/RY1 !Y NONE ! LESS CANNOT GET ALONG )\T4 LABOR]S1 & !Y WILL ONE AFT] ANO!R & WILLY-NILLY GIVE UP !IR L&S4  

,?US ! MEANS = FREE+ Y\1 ! WORK+ M51 FROM Y\R 5SLAVEM5T CONSI/S ONLY 9 ?IS1 ?AT1 HAV+ COME TO UND]/& ?AT ! [N]%IP ( L& IS A CRIME1 Y\ MU/ NOT TAKE P>T 9 IT1 EI!R AS SOLDI]S1 :O TAKE ! L& AWAY FROM ! WORK]S1 OR AS LABOR]S ON ! L&S ( ! PROPRIETORS1 OR AS T5ANTS ON !SE L&S4 

 0,BUT ! MEANS ( NONP>TICIPATION1 BO? 9 ! >MY & 9 ! WORK ON ! L&S ( ! PROPRIETORS1 AS ALSO 9 ! HIR+ ( L&S1 W\LD BE EFFECTIVE10 ,I %ALL BE TOLD1  0ONLY 9 CASE ALL ! WORK+ PEOPLE ( ! WORLD /RUCK & REFUS$ TO TAKE P>T 9 ! CRIMES1 TO WORK ON ! E/ATES ( ! PROPRIETORS1 & TO R5T L&1 & ?IS IS NOT ! CASE & NEV] CAN BE ! CASE4 ,EV5 IF A P>T ( ! WORK+ M5 %\LD AGREE TO AB/A9 FROM P>TICIPAT+ 9 ! >MY & FROM WORK+ ON ! L& ( ! PROPRIETORS & R5T+ IT1 ! O!R WORK+ PEOPLE1 FREQU5TLY ! WORK+ PEOPLE ( O!R NATIONALITIES1 WILL NOT F9D SU* A RE/RA9T NECESS>Y1 & ! [N]%IP ( ! L& BY ! PROPRIETORS WILL NOT BE IMPAIR$4 ,?US ! WORK+ PEOPLE :O WILL REFUSE TO TAKE P>T 9 ! [N]%IP ( ! L& WILL ONLY BE DEPRIV$ ( !IR ADVANTAGES 9 VA91 )\T ALLEVIAT+ ! CONDITION ( ALL40  ,?IS RETORT IS QUITE JU/1 IF IT IS A QUE/ION ( A /RIKE4  ,BUT :AT ,I PROPOSE IS NOT A /RIKE4 ,I DO NOT PROPOSE A /RIKE1 BUT ?AT ! WORK+ PEOPLE %ALL REFUSE TO TAKE P>T 9 ! >MY1 :I* EX]CISES VIOL5CE AGA9/ !IR BRO!RS1 & 9 WORK+ ON ! L&S ( ! PROPRIETORS1 9 R5T+ !M1 NOT BECAUSE ?IS IS UNPR(ITABLE = ! LABOR]S & -PRODUCES !IR 5SLAVEM5T1 BUT BECAUSE ?IS P>TICIPATION IS A BAD ?+1 FROM :I* ANY GOOD MAN MU/ AB/A91 JU/ AS HE MU/ AB/A91 NOT ONLY FROM EV]Y MURD]1 !FT1 ROBB]Y1 & SO =?1 BUT ALSO FROM P>TICIPATION 9 !SE ACTS4 ,?AT ! P>TICIPATION 9 ! LAWLESSNESS ( ! [N]%IP ( L& & ITS SUPPORT >E BAD ?+S !RE CAN BE NO D\BT1 IF ! WORK+ M5 WILL ONLY POND] ON ! :OLE MEAN+ ( ?IS !IR P>TICIPATION 9 ! [N]%IP ( ! L& BY ! NON-WORK]S4 ,TO SUPPORT ! PROPRIETORS' [N]%IP ( ! L& MEANS TO BE ! CAUSE ( ! PRIVATIONS & SUFF]+S ( ?\S&S ( PEOPLE1 ( OLD M5 & *ILDR51 :O >E 9SUFFICI5TLY F$1 & :O WORK ABOVE !IR /R5G?1 & :O DIE BE=E !IR TIME1 ONLY BECAUSE !Y DO NOT GET ! L& :I* HAS BE5 SEIZ$ BY ! PROPRIETORS4  

 ,IF SU* >E ! CONSEQU5CES ( ! [N]%IP ( L& BY ! PROPRIETORS1 -& IT IS OBVI\S TO ANY ONE ?AT !Y >E SU*1 IT IS ALSO CLE> ?AT P>TICIPATION 9 ! [N]%IP ( L& BY ! PROPRIETORS & 9 ITS MA9T5ANCE IS A BAD ?+ FROM :I* EV]Y MAN MU/ AB/A94 ,HUNDR$S ( MILLIONS ( M5 )\T ANY /RIKE CONSID] USURY1 DEBAU*]Y1 VIOL5CE AGA9/ ! WEAK1 !FT1 MURD]1 & MANY O!R ?+S TO BE EVIL1 & AB/A9 FROM !SE ACTS4 ,! WORK+ M5 \<T TO DO ! SAME 9 RESPECT TO ! [N]%IP ( L&4 ,!Y !MSELVES SEE ! :OLE LAWLESSNESS ( SU* [N]%IP & CONSID] IT A BAD1 CRUEL BUS9ESS4 ,SO :Y DO !Y NOT ONLY TAKE P>T 9 IT1 BUT EV5 SUPPORT IT8  

 ,?US ,I DO NOT PROPOSE A /RIKE1 BUT A CLE> CONSCI\SNESS ( ! CRIM9ALITY1 ! S9FULNESS ( ! P>TICIPATION 9 ! [N]%IP ( L&1 &1 9 CONSEQU5CE ( ?IS COSCI\SNESS1 ! AB/A9+ FROM SU* A P>TICIPATION4 ,IT IS TRUE1 SU* AN AB/95CE DOES NOT1 LIKE A /RIKE1 AT ONCE UNITE ALL 9T]E/$ PEOPLE 9 ONE DECISION & SO CANNOT GIVE ?OSE RESULTS1 DEF9$ 9 ADVANCE1 :I* >E OBTA9$ BY A /RIKE1 IF IT IS SUCCESSFUL2 BUT1 ON ! O!R H&1 SU* AN AB/95CE PRODUCES A MU* MORE LA/+ & CONT9U\S UNION ?AN ! ONE PRODUC$ BY A /RIKE4 ,! >TIFICIAL UNION ( M5 :I* >ISES AT A /RIKE COMES TO AN 5D ! MOM5T ! AIM ( ! /RIKE IS ATTA9$2 BUT ! UNION1 FROM A CONCORDANT ACTIVITY OR FROM AB/95CE 9 CONSEQU5CE ( AN ID5TICAL CONSCI\SNESS1 NOT ONLY NEV] COMES TO AN 5D1 BUT CON/ANTLY GR[S /RONG]1 ATTRACT+ AN EV] 9CREAS+ NUMB] ( M54 ,?US IT CAN & MU/ BE 9 ! CASE ( ! WORK+ M5'S AB/A9+ FROM TAK+ P>T 9 ! [N]%IP ( L&1 NOT 9 CONSEQU5CE ( A /RIKE1 BUT 9 CONSEQU5CE ( ! CONSCI\SNESS ( ! S9FULNESS ( ?IS P>TICIPATION4 ,IT IS V]Y LIKELY ?AT1 :5 ! WORK+ M5 %ALL UND]/& ! LAWLESSNESS ( P>TICIPATION 9 ! PROPRIETORS' [N]%IP ( L&1 NOT ALL ( !M1 BUT ONLY A SMALL P>T1 WILL AB/A9 FROM WORK+ ON ! PROPRIETORS' L&S & FROM R5T+ !M2 BUT S9CE !Y WILL NOT AB/A9 9 CONSEQU5CE ( AN AGREEM5T1 :I* HAS A LOCAL & A TEMPOR>Y SIGNIFICANCE1 BUT FROM ! CONSCI\SNESS ( :AT IS RI<T & WRONG1 :I* IS ALWAYS & = ALL M5 EQUALLY B9D+1 IT WILL BE NATURAL = ! NUMB] ( WORK+ M51 :O WILL BE %[N BY WORD & BY EXAMPLE1 BO? ! ILLEGALITY ( ! [N]%IP ( L& & ?OSE CONSEQU5CES :I* >ISE FROM ?IS ILLEGALITY1 TO BE CON/ANTLY 9CREAS+4  

 ,IT IS ABSOLUTELY IMPOSSIBLE TO =ESEE :AT *ANGE 9 ! /RUCTURE ( SOCIETY WILL ACTUALLY BE PRODUC$ BY ! WORK+ M5'S RECOGNITION ?AT P>TICIPATION 9 ! [N]%IP ( L& IS BAD1 BUT !RE IS NO D\BT ?AT !SE *ANGES WILL TAKE PLACE & ?AT !Y WILL BE ! MORE SIGNIFICANT1 ! MORE ?IS CONSCI\SNESS %ALL BE DIFFUS$4 ,!SE *ANGES MAY CONSI/ 9 ?IS1 ?AT AT LEA/ A P>T ( ! WORK+ M5 WILL REFUSE TO WORK = ! PROPRIETORS & TO R5T L& FROM !M1 & ! L&[N]S1 NO LONG] F9D+ ! [N]%IP ( L& TO BE PR(ITABLE1 WILL EI!R 5T] 9TO >RANGEM5TS ) ! WORK+ M5 :I* WILL BE ADVANTAGE\S = !M1 OR ELSE WILL 5TIRELY GIVE UP ! [N]%IP ( L&4 ,IT IS ALSO POSSIBLE ?AT ! WORK+ M5 :O >E 5LI/$ 9 ! >MY1 HAV+ COME TO COMPREH5D ! ILLEGALITY ( ! [N]%IP ( L&1 WILL MORE & MORE FREQU5TLY REFUSE TO TAKE P>T 9 ACTS ( VIOL5CE AGA9/ !IR BRO!RS4 ! AGRICULTURAL LABOR]S1 & ! GOV]NM5T WILL BE COMPELL$ TO AB&ON ! PROTECTION ( ! PROPRIETORS' L&$ PROP]TY1 & ! L& ( ! PROPRIETORS WILL BECOME FREE4  

 ,F9ALLY1 IT MAY BE ?AT ! GOV]NM5T1 HAV+ COME TO SEE ! 9EVITABILITY ( ! EMANCIPATION ( ! L&1 WILL F9D IT NECESS>Y TO =E/ALL ! VICTORY ( ! WORK+ M5 BY L5D+ IT ! ASPECT ( ITS [N DECREE1 & WILL BY LAW ABOLI% ! [N]%IP ( L&4  

 ,! *ANGES :I* CAN & MU/ TAKE PLACE 9 ! [N]%IP ( L&1 9 CONSEQU5CE ( ! WORK+ M5'S RECOGNITION ( ! ILLEGALITY ( P>TICIPATION 9 ! [N]%IP ( L&1 MAY BE V]Y V>I$1 & IT IS DIFFICULT TO =ESEE ( PRECISELY :AT *>ACT] !Y WILL BE1 BUT ONE ?+ IS UNQUE/IONABLE1 & ?AT IS1 ?AT NOT ONE S9C]E EF=T ( A MAN TO ACT 9 ?IS MATT] 9 GODLY FA%ION OR 9 ACCORDANCE ) HIS CONSCI5CE WILL BE LO/4  

 0,:AT CAN ,I ALONE DO AGA9/ ALL80 PEOPLE FREQU5TLY SAY1 :5 !Y >E CONFRONT$ ) AN ACT :I* IS NOT C\NT5ANC$ BY ! MAJORITY4 ,TO !SE PEOPLE IT SEEMS ?AT = ! SUCCESS ( A ?+ !RE MU/ BE ALL1 OR AT LEA/ MANY2 BUT !RE MU/ BE MANY ONLY = A BAD ?+4 ,= A GOOD ?+ IT IS 5\< IF !RE BE ONE1 BECAUSE ,GOD IS ALWAYS ) HIM :O DOES A GOOD ?+4 ,& ) :OM ,GOD IS1 SOON] OR LAT] ALL M5 WILL BE4  

 ,9 ANY CASE1 ALL ! IMPROVEM5TS 9 ! CONDITION ( ! WORK+ M5 WILL TAKE PLACE ONLY BECAUSE !Y WILL !MSELVES ACT MORE 9 CON=MITY ) ,GOD'S WILL1 MORE ACCORD+ TO !IR CONSCI5CE1 ?AT IS1 MORE MORALLY1 ?AN !Y HAVE ACT$ BE=E4  

 ,WORK+ M5 HAVE TRI$ TO FREE !MSELVES BY MEANS ( VIOL5CE1 ( RIOTS1 & !Y HAVE NOT ATTA9$ !IR 5D4 ,!Y HAVE TRI$ TO FREE !MSELVES BY SOCIALI/IC ME?ODS ?R\< UNIONS1 /RIKES1 DEMON/RATIONS1 ELECTIONS TO P>LIAM5TS1 BUT ALL ?IS AT BE/ ONLY = A TIME ALLEVIATES ! CONVICT LABOR ( ! SLAVES1 & NOT ONLY DOES NOT FREE !M1 BUT EV5 CONFIRMS ! SLAV]Y4  

 ,! WORK+ M5 HAVE TRI$1 EA* ONE SEP>ATELY1 TO FREE !MSELVES BY SUPPORT+ ! ILLEGALITY ( ! [N]%IP ( L&1 :I* !Y !MSELVES CONDEMN1 & IF ! CONDITION ( A FEW1 & ?AT1 TOO1 NOT ALWAYS & BUT = A BRIEF TIME1 IS IMPROV$ BY SU* A P>TICIPATION 9 AN EVIL ?+1 ! CONDITION ( ALL ONLY GETS WORSE FROM IT4 ,?IS IS DUE TO ! FACT ?AT :AT P]MAN5TLY IMPROVES ! CONDITION ( M5 7NOT ( ONE MAN1 BUT ( A SOCIETY ( M57 IS ! ACTIVITY :I* IS 9 CON=MITY ) ! RULE ?AT WE %\LD DO UNTO O!RS AS WE WI% ?AT O!RS %\LD DO UNTO US4 ,BUT ALL ! ?REE MEANS :I* SO F> HAVE BE5 EMPLOY$ BY ! WORK+ M5 HAVE NOT BE5 9 CON=MITY ) ! RULE AB\T DO+ UNTO O!RS AS WE WI% ?AT O!RS %\LD DO UNTO US4  

 ,! MEANS ( ! RIOTS1 ?AT IS1 ( ! EMPLOYM5T ( VIOL5CE AGA9/ M5 :O CONSID] ! L& :I* !Y HAVE RECEIV$ AS AN 9H]ITANCE OR HAVE PUR*AS$ ) !IR SAV+S TO BE !IR PROP]TY1 IS 9CONSI/5T ) ! RULE AB\T DO+ UNTO O!RS AS WE WI% ?AT O!RS %\LD DO UNTO US1 BECAUSE NOT ONE MAN :O TAKES P>T 9 ! RIOTS W\LD LIKE TO HAVE TAK5 FROM HIM :AT HE CONSID]S TO BE HIS [N1 ! MORE SO1 S9CE SU* A SEIZURE IS G5]ALLY ACCOMPANI$ BY CRUEL ACTS ( VIOL5CE4  

 ,NOT LESS 9CONSI/5T ) ! RULE AB\T DO+ UNTO O!RS AS WE WI% ?AT O!RS %\LD DO UNTO US IS ! :OLE SOCIALI/IC ACTIVITY4 ,IT IS 9CONSI/5T ) ?IS RULE1 9 ! FIR/ PLACE1 BECAUSE1 BY PUTT+ AT ITS BASIS CLASS /RIFE1 IT PROVOKES 9 ! WORK+ M5 SU* HO/ILE FEEL+S T[>D ! MA/]S & ! NON-WORK]S 9 G5]AL1 AS ON ! P>T ( ! MA/]S CAN 9 NO WAY BE DESIRABLE = ! WORK+ M54 ,IT IS 9CONSI/5T ) ?IS RULE = ?IS REASON1 ALSO1 ?AT 9 ! /RIKES ! WORK+ M5 >E V]Y FREQU5TLY1 = ! SUCCESS ( !IR UND]TAK+1 BR\<T TO ! NECESSITY ( US+ VIOL5CE AGA9/ ?OSE WORK+ M51 ( !IR [N NATION OR =EIGN]S1 :O WI% TO TAKE !IR PLACES4  

 ,SIMIL>LY 9CONSI/5T ) ! RULE AB\T DO+ UNTO O!RS :AT WE WI% ?AT O!RS %\LD DO UNTO US1 & EV5 \TRI<T IMMORAL1 IS ! DOCTR9E :I* PROMISES TO ! WORK+ M5 ! TRANSF]5CE ( ALL ! IMPLEM5TS ( LABOR1 ( ! FACTORIES & WORKS1 9TO !IR FULL POSSESSION4 ,EV]Y FACTORY IS ! PRODUCT ( ! LABOR1 NOT ONLY ( MANY WORK+ M5 ( ! PRES5T1 ?OSE :O HAVE BUILT ! FACTORY & HAVE PREP>$ ! MAT]IAL = ITS CON/RUCTION1 & !N ( ! M5 S9CE ITS CON/RUCTION1 BUT ALSO ( A VA/ NUMB] ( M5TAL & MANUAL WORK+ M5 ( =M] G5]ATIONS1 )\T :OSE WORK NO FACTORY C\LD EXI/4 ,!RE IS ABSOLUTELY NO POSSIBILITY ( FIGUR+ \T ! P>T ( ALL M5 9 ! WORK+ ( A FACTORY1 & SO1 ACCORD+ TO ! DOCTR9E ( ! SOCIALI/S !MSELVES1 EV]Y FACTORY1 LIKE ! L&1 IS ! COMMON POSSESSION ( ! :OLE PEOPLE1 ) ?IS ONE DIFF]5CE1 ?AT ! [N]%IP ( L& CAN BE ABOLI%$ AT ONCE1 )\T WAIT+ = ! SOCIALIZATION ( ALL ! IMPLEM5TS ( LABOR2 BUT A FACTORY CAN BECOME ! LEGAL POSSESSION ( ! PEOPLE ONLY :5 ! UNREALIZABLE FANCY ( ! SOCIALI/S %ALL BE A*IEV$1 - ! SOCIALIZATION ( ALL1 LIT]ALLY ALL1 ! IMPLEM5TS ( LABOR1 - & NOT AS IS PROPOS$ BY ! MAJORITY ( WORK+ SOCIALI/S1 :5 !Y %ALL HAVE SEIZ$ ! FACTORIES ( !IR MA/]S & %ALL HAVE MADE !M !IR [N4 ,A MA/] HAS NO RI<T :ATEV] TO [N A FACTORY1 BUT JU/ AS LITTLE RI<T HAVE ! WORK+ M5 TO ANY FACTORY :ATEV]1 SO LONG AS ! UNREALIZABLE SOCIALIZATION ( ! IMPLEM5TS ( LABOR IS NOT AN ACCOMPLI%$ FACT4  

 ,= ?IS REASON ,I SAY ?AT ! DOCTR9E :I* PROMISES TO ! WORK+ M5 ! SEIZURE ( ?OSE FACTORIES 9 :I* !Y WORK1 PREVI\S TO ! SOCIALIZATION ( ALL ! IMPLEM5TS ( LABOR1 AS IS G5]ALLY PROPOS$1 IS NOT ONLY A DOCTR9E :I* IS CONTR>Y TO ! GOLD5 RULE ( DO+ UNTO O!RS AS WE W\LD ?AT O!RS %\LD DO UNTO US1 BUT EV5 D[NRI<T IMMORAL4  

 ,SIMIL>LY 9CONSI/5T ) ! RULE AB\T DO+ UNTO O!RS AS WE W\LD ?AT O!RS %\LD DO UNTO US IS ! WORK+ M5'S SUPPORT ( ! [N]%IP1 ( L&1 BE IT BY MEANS ( VIOL5CE 9 ! =M ( SOLDI]S1 OR 9 ! =M ( LABOR]S OR T5ANTS ON ! L&4 ,SU* A SUPPORT ( ! [N]%IP ( L& IS 9CONSI/5T1 BECAUSE1 IF SU* ACTS = A TIME IMPROVE ! CONDITION ( ?OSE P]SONS :O P]=M !M1 !Y C]TA9LY MAKE ! CONDITION ( O!R WORK+ M5 WORSE4  

 ,?US ALL ! MEANS :I* HAVE H]ET(ORE BE5 US$ BY ! WORK+ M5 = ! PURPOSE ( !IR LIB]ATION1 SU* AS DIRECT VIOL5CE & ! SOCIALI/IC ACTIVITY1 AS WELL AS ! ACTS ( SEP>ATE 9DIVIDUALS :O = ! SAKE ( !IR ADVANTAGE MA9TA9 ! ILLEGALITY ( ! [N]%IP ( L&1 HAVE NOT ATTA9$ !IR PURPOSE1 BECAUSE !Y HAVE ALL BE5 9CONSI/5T ) ! RULE ( MORALITY AB\T DO+ UNTO O!RS AS WE W\LD ?AT O!RS %\LD DO UNTO US4  

 ,:AT WILL FREE ! WORK+ M5 FROM !IR SLAV]Y IS NOT EV5 AN ACTIVITY1 BUT ! M]E AB/95CE FROM S91 BECAUSE SU* AB/95CE IS JU/ & MORAL1 ?AT IS1 9 CON=MITY ) ,GOD'S WILL4  

 0,BUT WANT60 ,I %ALL BE TOLD4 ,NO MATT] H[ CONV9C$ A MAN MAY BE ( ! ILLEGALITY ( ! [N]%IP ( L&1 IT IS H>D = HIM1 IF HE IS A SOLDI]1 TO KEEP FROM GO+ :I!R HE IS S5T1 & FROM WORK+ = ! PROPRIETORS1 IF ?IS WORK MAY GIVE MILK = HIS />V+ *ILDR54 ,OR H[ CAN A PEASANT AB/A9 FROM R5T+ ! PROPRIETOR'S L&1 :5 HE HAS BUT HALF A DESYAT9A TO EA* S\L & KN[S ?AT HE CANNOT SUPPORT HIS FAMILY ON ! L& :I* HE [NS8 ,IT IS TRUE1 ?IS IS V]Y H>D1 BUT ! SAME DIFFICULTY IS MET ) 9 REFRA9+ FROM ANY BAD ?+4 ,& YET M5 = ! MO/ P>T AB/A9 FROM ANY?+ BAD4 ,H]E ! AB/95CE IS LESS DIFFICULT ?AN 9 ! MAJORITY ( BAD ACTS1 BUT ! H>M FROM ! BAD ACT - ! P>TICIPATION 9 ! SEIZURE ( L& - IS MORE OBVI\S ?AN 9 MANY BAD ACTS FROM :I* PEOPLE REFRA94 ,I AM NOT SPEAK+ ( ! REFUSAL TO P>TICIPATE 9 ! >MY1 :5 ! TROOPS >E S5T \T AGA9/ ! PEASANTS4 ,IT IS TRUE1 = SU* A REFUSAL IT TAKES MORE ?AN ORD9>Y C\RAGE & A READ9ESS TO SACRIFICE ONESELF1 & SO NOT EV]YBODY IS ABLE TO DO SO1 BUT1 ON ! O!R H&1 ! CASES :5 ?IS REFUSAL IS TO BE APPLI$ >E R>ELY MET )4 ,BUT IT TAKES MU* LESS EF=T & SACRIFICE NOT TO WORK ON ! PROPRIETORS' L&S & NOT TO R5T !M4 ,IF ALL WORK+ M5 FULLY COMPREH5D$ ?AT WORK+ = ! PROPRIETORS & R5T+ !IR L&S >E BAD1 !RE W\LD BE FEW] & FEW] PEOPLE READY TO WORK ON ! PROPRIETORS' L&S & TO R5T !M4 ,MILLIONS ( PEOPLE LIVE )\T HAV+ ANY NE$ ( ! PROPRIETORS' L&S1 BUSY+ !MSELVES AT HOME ) SOME TRADE OR ATT5D+ TO ALL K9DS ( 9DU/RIES AWAY FROM HOME4 ,NOR DO ?OSE HUNDR$S ( ?\S&S & MILLIONS ( PEASANTS FEEL ANY NE$ ( ! PROPRIETORS' L&S1 :O1 9 SPITE ( ! :OLE DIFFICULTY ( ?IS MATT]1 LEAVE !IR OLD PLACES & GO TO NEW PLACES1 :]E !Y GET ALL ! L& !Y WI% & :]E !Y = ! MO/ P>T DO NOT SUFF]1 BUT EV5 GR[ RI*1 SOON =GETT+ ! WANT :I* DROVE !M \T4 ,EV5 ?OSE PEASANTS & GOOD F>M]S LIVE )\T WORK+ = ! PROPRIETORS OR R5T+ !IR L&S1 :O1 ?\< HAV+ BUT LITTLE L& TO TILL1 LIVE AB/EMI\SLY & WORK !IR L& WELL & SO >E NOT 9 NE$ ( ANY WORK = ! PROPRIETORS OR ( R5T+ !IR L&S4 ,O!R ?\S&S LIVE )\T HAV+ ANY NE$ ( WORK+ ON ! PROPRIETORS' L&S & ( R5T+ !M1-! M5 :O LIVE A ,*RI/IAN LIFE1 ?AT IS1 LIV+1 NOT EA* = HIMSELF1 BUT AID+ ONE ANO!R1 AS LIVE 9 ,RUSSIA MANY ,*RI/IAN ,COMMUNES1 ( :OM ! ,DUKHOBORS >E ESPECIALLY KN[N TO ME4  

 ,!RE CAN BE WANT ONLY 9 A SOCIETY ( M5 :O LIVE ACCORD+ TO ! ANIMAL LAW ( /RUGGL+ AGA9/ ONE ANO!R1 BUT AMONG ,*RI/IAN SOCIETIES !RE \<T TO BE NO WANT4 ,AS SOON AS M5 DIVIDE AMONG !MSELVES :AT !Y HAVE1 EV]YBODY ALWAYS HAS :AT BE NE$S1 & MU* IS /ILL LEFT4 ,:5 ! PEOPLE :O HE>D ,*RI/'S S]MON GREW FA9T ) HUNG]1 ,*RI/1 UPON LE>N+ ?AT SOME ( !M HAD PROVISIONS1 COMM&$ ?AT ALL %\LD SIT D[N 9 A CIRCLE & ?AT ?OSE :O HAD ! PROVISIONS %\LD GIVE !M TO !IR NEI<BORS ON ONE SIDE1 9 ORD] ?AT ! NEI<BORS1 HAV+ APPEAS$ !IR HUNG]1 MI<T H& !M TO ?OSE F>!R AWAY4 ,:5 ! :OLE CIRCLE WAS MADE1 ALL HAD !IR HUNG] APPEAS$1 & MU* WAS /ILL LEFT OV]4  

 ,EV5 SO 9 ! SOCIETY ( M5 :O ACT SIMIL>LY !RE CAN BE NO WANT1 & SU* PEOPLE DO NOT NE$ TO WORK = ! PROPRIETORS OR R5T !IR L&S4 ,?US WANT CANNOT ALWAYS BE A SUFFICI5T REASON = DO+ :AT IS H>MFUL TO ONE'S BRO!RS4  

 ,IF ! WORK+ PEOPLE N[ GO & WORK = ! PROPRIETORS & R5T !IR L&S1 !Y DO SO ONLY BECAUSE NOT ALL ( !M HAVE COME TO UND]/& ! S9FULNESS ( !IR ACTS OR ! :OLE EVIL :I* !Y >E DO+ TO !IR BRO!RS & TO !MSELVES BY IT4 ,! MORE !RE %ALL BE SU* M5 & ! MORE CLE>LY !Y %ALL UND]/& ! SIGNIFICANCE ( !IR P>TICIPATION 9 ! [N]%IP ( L&1 ! MORE & MORE WILL ! P[] ( ! NON-WORK]S OV] ! WORK]S DE/ROY ITSELF ( ITS [N ACCORD4  

 ,! ONLY SURE1 9DUBITABLE MEANS = IMPROV+ ! CONDITION ( ! WORK+ M51 :I*1 AT ! SAME TIME1 IS CONSI/5T ) ,GOD'S WILL1 CONSI/S 9 ! EMANCIPATION ( ! L& FROM ITS SEIZURE BY ! PROPRIETORS4 ,?IS EMANCIPATION ( ! L& IS ATTA9$1 NOT ONLY ?R\< ! WORK+ M5'S REFUSAL TO TAKE P>T 9 ! >MY1 :5 ! >MY IS DIRECT$ AGA9/ ! WORK+ PEOPLE1 BUT ALSO BY AB/A9+ FROM WORK+ ON ! PROPRIETORS' L&S & FROM R5T+ !M4 ,BUT IT IS NOT 5\< = Y\1 ! WORK+ M51 TO KN[ ?AT = Y\R GOOD Y\ NE$ ! LIB]ATION ( ! L& FROM ITS SEIZURE BY ! PROPRIETORS1 & ?AT ?IS LIB]ATION IS ATTA9$ ?R\< Y\R REFRA9+ FROM COMMITT+ ACTS ( VIOL5CE AGA9/ Y\R BRO!RS & FROM WORK+ ON ! L&S ( ! PROPRIETORS & R5T+ !M2 Y\ MU/ ALSO KN[ 9 ADVANCE H[ TO MANAGE ! L& :5 IT %ALL BE FRE$ FROM SEIZURE BY ! PROPRIETORS1 H[ TO DI/RIBUTE IT AMONG ! WORK]S4  

 ,! MAJORITY ( Y\ G5]ALLY ?9K ?AT ALL ?AT IS NECESS>Y IS TO TAKE ! L& AWAY FROM ! NON-WORK]S1 & ALL WILL BE WELL4 ,BUT ?AT IS NOT SO4 ,IT IS EASY TO SAY3 0,TAKE ! L& AWAY FROM ! NON-WORK]S & GIVE IT TO ?OSE :O WORK IT40 ,BUT H[ IS ?IS TO BE DONE1 )\T VIOLAT+ JU/ICE & )\T GIV+ ! RI* AGA9 A *ANCE TO ACCUMULATE GREAT EXT5TS ( T]RITORY & ?US AGA9 TO RULE OV] ! WORK]S8 ,TO LEAVE IT1 AS SOME ( Y\ ?9K1 TO EA* 9DIVIDUAL WORK] OR SOCIETY TO M[ OR PL[ :]EV] IT BE1 AS WAS DONE ANCI5TLY & IS EV5 N[ DONE AMONG ! ,COSSACKS1 IS POSSIBLE ONLY :]E !RE >E FEW PEOPLE & !RE IS MU* L& & ! L& IS ALL ( ONE QUALITY4 ,BUT :]E !RE >E MORE PEOPLE ?AN ! L& CAN SUPPORT1 & ! L& IS ( V>Y+ QUALITY1 IT IS NECESS>Y TO F9D A DIFF]5T MEANS = ! EXPLOITATION ( ! L&4 ,TO DIVIDE ! L& ACCORD+ TO ! NUMB] ( M58 ,BUT IF ! L& IS DIVID$ UP ACCORD+ TO ! NUMB] ( M51 IT WILL ALSO COME 9TO ! H&S ( ?OSE :O DO NOT KN[ H[ TO WORK IT1 & !SE NON- WORK]S WILL LET IT OR SELL IT TO ! RI* PUR*AS]S1 & !RE WILL AGA9 APPE> PEOPLE :O [N L>GE TRACTS ( L& & :O DO NOT TILL IT4 ,TO PROHIBIT ! NON-WORK]S TO SELL OR LET ! L&8 ,BUT !N ! L& :I* BELONGS TO A MAN :O DOES NOT WI% OR IS UNABLE TO WORK IT WILL LIE UNUS$4 ,BESIDES1 9 DIVID+ ! L& UP ACCORD+ TO ! NUMB] ( M51 H[ IS IT TO BE E/IMAT$ ACCORD+ TO ITS QUALITY8 ,!RE IS BLACK LOAM1 FRUITFUL L&1 & !RE IS S&Y1 SWAMPY1 /]ILE L&2 !RE IS L& 9 ! CITIES1 :I* BR+S AS MU* AS ONE ?\S& & MORE RUBLES 9COME FROM EA* DESYAT9A1 & !RE IS L& 9 ! BACKWOODS1 :I* DOES NOT BR+ ANY 9COME4 ,H[1 !N1 IS ! L& TO BE DI/RIBUT$ 9 SU* A WAY ?AT !RE MAY NOT AGA9 >ISE ! [N]%IP ( L& BY ?OSE :O DO NOT WORK IT1 & ?AT !RE MAY NOT BE SU* AS >E IMPROP]LY TREAT$1 ?AT !RE MAY BE NO DISCUSSIONS1 QU>RELS1 CIVIL W>S8 ,M5 HAVE = A LONG TIME BE5 BUSY DISCUSS+ & SOLV+ !SE QUE/IONS4 ,= ! CORRECT DI/RIBUTION ( L& AMONG ! WORK]S MANY PROJECTS HAVE BE5 PROPOS$4  

 ,TO SAY NO?+ ( ! SO-CALL$ COMMUNI/IC PROJECTS ( ! CON/RUCTION ( SOCIETY1 9 :I* ! L& IS REG>D$ A COMMON POSSESSION & IS WORK$ BY ALL M5 9 COMMON1 ,I AM ACQUA9T$ ALSO ) ! FOLL[+ PROJECTS3 ,! PROJECT ( ! ,5GLI%MAN1 ,WILLIAM ,OGILVIE1 :O LIV$ 9 ! EI<TE5? C5TURY4 ,OGILVIE SAYS ?AT1 S9CE EV]Y MAN1 9 BE+ BORN 9TO ?IS WORLD1 9 CONSEQU5CE ( ?IS HAS ! FULL RI<T TO BE !RE & TO LIVE BY :AT IT PRODUCES1 ?IS RI<T CANNOT BE LIMIT$ BY SOME PEOPLE'S REG>D+ GREAT TRACTS ( L& AS !IR PROP]TY4 ,= ?IS REASON EV]YBODY HAS ! FREE RI<T TO [N SU* A PLOT ( L& AS FALLS TO HIS %>E4 ,BUT IF A P]SON [NS A GREAT] EXT5T ( L& ?AN FALLS TO HIS %>E1 EXPLOIT+ ?OSE PLOTS TO :I* ! M5 :O HAVE A RI<T TO !M MAKE NO CLAIM1 ! [N] %\LD PAY ! GOV]NM5T A TAX = ?IS POSSESSION4  

 ,ANO!R ,5GLI%MAN1 ,?OMAS ,SP5CE1 A FEW YE>S LAT] SOLV$ ! L& QUE/ION BY RECOGNIZ+ ! L& TO BE ! PROP]TY ( P>I%ES :I* C\LD DISPOSE ( IT AS !Y PLEAS$4 ,9 ?IS WAY ! PRIVATE POSSESSION ( SEP>ATE 9DIVIDUALS WAS COMPLETELY ABOLI%$4  

 ,AS A BEAUTIFUL ILLU/RATION ( ,SP5CE'S VIEW CONC]N+ ! [N]%IP ( L& MAY S]VE ! ACC\NT ( :AT HAPP5$ ) HIM 9 ! YE> #a<h AT ,HAYDON ,BRIDGE1 :I* HE CALLS A 0,SYLVAN ,JOKE40  

 0,:ILE ,I WAS 9 ! WOOD ALONE BY MYSELF A-GA!R+ ( NUTS1 ! =E/] POPP$ ?R\< ! BU%ES UPON ME1 &1 ASK+ ME :AT ,I DID !RE1 ,I REPLI$1 ',GA!R+ NUTS4'  

 0 ',GA!R+ NUTS16' SAID HE1 '& D>E Y\ SAY SO8'  

 0 ',YES1' SAID ,I1 ':Y NOT8 ,W\LD Y\ QUE/ION A MONKEY OR A SQUIRREL AB\T SU* A BUS9ESS8 ,& AM ,I TO BE TREAT$ AS AN 9F]IOR TO ONE ( !SE CREATURES1 OR HAVE ,I A LESS RI<T8 ,BUT :O >E Y\1' CONT9U$ ,I1 ' ?AT ?US TAKE IT UPON Y\ TO 9T]RUPT ME8'  

 0 ' ,I'LL LET Y\ KN[ ?AT1' SAID HE1 ':5 ,I LAY Y\ FA/ = TRESPASS+ H]E4'  

 0 ',9DE$3 ANSW]$ ,I1 'BUT H[ CAN ,I TRESPASS H]E :]E NO MAN EV] PLANT$ OR CULTIVAT$2 = !SE NUTS >E ! SPONTANE\S GIFT ( ,NATURE1 ORDA9$ ALIKE = ! SU/5ANCE ( MAN & BEA/ ?AT *OOSE TO GA!R !M1 &1 !RE=E1 !Y >E COMMON4'  

 0 ',I TELL Y\1' SAID HE1 '?IS WOOD IS NOT COMMON4 ,IT BELONGS TO ! ,DUKE ( ,PORTL&4'  

 0 ' ,OH 6 ,MY S]VICE TO ! ,DUKE ( ,PORTL&' SAID ,I4 ',NATURE KN[S NO MORE ( HIM ?AN ( ME4 ,!RE=E1 AS 9 ,NATURE'S /OREH\SE1 ! RULE IS 0FIR/ COME FIR/ S]V$ 1 0 SO ! ,DUKE ( ,PORTL& MU/ LOOK %>P IF HE WANTS ANY NUTS40'  

 ,SP5CE1 9 CONCLUSION1 DECL>$ ?AT IF HE W]E CALL$ UPON TO DEF5D A C\NTRY 9 :I* HE DUR/ NOT PLUCK A NUT1 HE W\LD ?R[ D[N HIS MUSKET1 SAY+1 0 ,LET SU* AS ! ,DUKE ( ,PORTL&1 :O CLAIM ! C\NTRY1 FI<T = IT60  

 ,! QUE/ION WAS SIMIL>LY SOLV$ BY ! FAM\S AU?OR ( ,AGE ( ,REASON & ,RI<TS ( ,MAN1 ,?OMAS ,PA9E4 ,! PECULI>ITY ( ?IS SOLUTION CONSI/$ 9 ?IS1 ?AT 9 RECOGNIZ+ ! L& TO BE A COMMON POSSESSION1 BE PROPOS$ TO ABOLI% ! RI<T ( ! [N]%IP ( L& BY SEP>ATE 9DIVIDUALS 9 ?AT ! POSSESSION ( L& C\LD NOT BE PASS$ BY 9H]ITANCE1 & ! L&1 :I* WAS PRIVATE PROP]TY1 AT ! DEA? ( ! [N] BECAME ! POSSESSION ( ! NATION4  

 ,IT WAS ,PATRICK ,$W>D ,DOVE1 9 \R C5TURY1 :O WAS ! NEXT1 AFT] ,?OMAS ,PA9E1 TO WRITE & ?9K AB\T ?IS SUBJECT4 ,DOVE'S !ORY CONSI/S 9 ?IS1 ?AT ! VALUE ( ! L& IS DUE TO TWO S\RCES1 - TO ! PROP]TY ,( ! L& ITSELF & TO ! WORK PUT 9TO IT4 ,! VALUE ( ! L& DUE TO ! WORK :I* IS PUT 9TO IT MAY BE ! POSSESSION ( PRIVATE 9DIVIDUALS2 BUT ! VALUE ( ! L& :I* IS DUE TO ITS PROP]TIES IS ! POSSESSION ( ! :OLE NATION & SO CAN NEV] BELONG TO SEP>ATE 9DIVIDUALS1 AS IT IS N[ SUPPOS$ TO BE1 BUT MU/ BE ! COMMON POSSESSION ( ! :OLE NATION4#a  

 ,SU* ALSO IS ! PROJECT ( ! ,JAPANESE ,L& ,RECLAIM+ ,SOCIETY1 ! ESS5CE ( :I* CONSI/S 9 ?IS1 ?AT EV]Y MAN HAS ! RI<T TO [N AS MU* L& AS IS APPORTION$ TO HIM1 ON CONDITION ( PAY+ = IT AN E/ABLI%$ TAX1 & SO HAS ! RI<T TO DEM& ! ALLOTM5T TO HIM ( HIS %>E ( L& BY HIM :O HAS MORE ?AN ! %>E ALLOTT$ TO EA* P]SON4 ,BUT ! BE/1 JU/E/1 & MO/ APPLICABLE PROJECT1 9 MY OP9ION1 IS ! ONE BY ,H5RY ,GEORGE1 :I* IS CALL$ ! ,S+LE ,TAX4  

 ,I P]SONALLY CONSID] ,H5RY ,GEORGE'S PROJECT ! JU/E/1 MO/ B5EFIC5T1 &1 ABOVE ALL1 MO/ EASILY APPLI$ ( ALL ! PROJECTS ( :I* ,I KN[ ANY?+4 ,?IS PROJECT MAY ON A SMALL SCALE BE IMAG9$ AS FOLL[S3 LET US IMAG9E ?AT 9 SOME LOCALITY ! :OLE L& BELONGS TO TWO PROPRIETORS1 ONE1 V]Y RI*1 :O LIVES ABROAD1 & ! O!R1 :O IS NOT WELL (F & :O LIVES & F>MS AT HOME1 & TO A HUNDR$ PEASANTS1 :O [N SMALL TRACTS4 ,BESIDES1 ?IS LOCALITY IS 9HABIT$ BY A FEW DOZ5 L&LESS M51 :O S]VE & LIVE 9 R5T$ H\SES1- >TISANS1 TRAD]S1 (FICIALS4 ,LET US ASSUME ?AT ALL ! 9HABITANTS ( ?IS LOCALITY1 HAV+ COME TO ! CONCLUSION ?AT ! :OLE L& IS A COMMON POSSESSION1 HAVE DECID$ 9 CON=MITY ) ?IS CONVICTION TO MANAGE ! L&4  

 ,:AT %ALL !Y DO8  

 ,IT IS IMPOSSIBLE TO TAKE ! L& AWAY FROM ?OSE :O [N IT & TO ALL[ ANYBODY TO USE ! L& HE LIKES1 S9CE !RE WILL BE SEV]AL C&IDATES TO ! SAME TRACT1 & !RE WILL BE 5DLESS DISS5SIONS4 ,IT IS 9CONV5I5T = ALL TO UNITE 9TO ONE COOP]ATIVE SOCIETY & TO PL[1 M[1 & H>VE/ 9 COMMON1 & !N TO DIVIDE UP1 BECAUSE SOME HAVE PL[S HORSES1 C>TS1 :ILE O!RS DO NOT HAVE !M &1 BESIDES1 SOME ( ! 9HABITANTS DO NOT KN[ H[ TO TILL ! L&1 & HAVE NOT /R5G? TO DO SO4 ,SO1 TOO1 IT IS V]Y DIFFICULT TO DIVIDE ! L& ACCORD+ TO ! NUMB] ( P]SONS 9TO SU* HOLD+S AS BY !IR QUALITY W\LD BE EQUAL AMONG !MSELVES4 ,IF = ?IS ! :OLE L& IS DIVID$ UP 9TO SMALL PLOTS ( V>I\S QUALITY1 SO ?AT EA* %\LD GET A PLOT ( ! BE/1 & ONE ( M$IOCRE1 & ONE ( BAD L&1 & ONE ( FIELD1 & M[+1 & WOODL&1 !RE WILL BE TOO MANY SU* T9Y PLOTS4  

 ,BESIDES1 SU* A DIVISION IS DANG]\S1 BECAUSE ?OSE :O DO NOT WI% TO WORK OR :O >E 9 GREAT NE$ WILL = MONEY TURN OV] !IR L& TO ! RI*1 & L>GE L&$ PROPRIETORS WILL AGA9 COME 9TO EXI/5CE4  

 ,& SO ! 9HABITANTS ( ! LOCALITY DECIDE TO LEAVE ! L& 9 ! H&S ( ?OSE :O N[ [N IT1 BUT OBLIGE EA* [N] TO PAY 9TO ! COMMON TREASURY AN AM\NT ( MONEY :I* REPRES5TS ! 9COME :I* 7ACCORD+ TO ! VALUATION ( ! L&1 NOT ACCORD+ TO ! LABOR PUT 9TO IT1 BUT ACCORD+ TO ITS QUALITY & LOCATION7 ! [N]S D]IVE FROM ! L& 9 USE BY !M1 & ?IS MONEY !Y DECIDE TO DIVIDE 9TO EQUAL P>TS4 ,BUT S9CE SU* A COLLECTION ( MONEY FROM ALL ! [N]S ( ! L& & ITS SUBSEQU5T EQUAL DI/RIBUTION AMONG ! 9HABITANTS IS TR\BLESOME1 & S9CE1 BESIDES1 ALL ! 9HABITANTS PAY \T MONEY = COMMON NE$S1-S*OOLS1 *UR*ES1 FIRE DEP>TM5TS1 %EPH]DS1 M5D+ ( ROADS1 & SO =?1 & SU* MONEY = PUBLIC PURPOSES IS ALWAYS 9SUFFICI5T1 ! 9HABITANTS ( ! LOCALITY DECIDE1 9/EAD ( COLLECT+ ! 9COME FROM ! L& & DI/RIBUT+ IT TO ALL & AGA9 COLLECT+ A P>T ( IT = TAXES1 TO COLLECT & USE ! :OLE 9COME FROM ! L& ON COMMON NECESSITIES4 ,HAV+ E/ABLI%$ !MSELVES 9 ?IS MANN]1 ! 9HABITANTS ( ! LOCALITY DEM& FROM ! PROPRIETORS A FIX$ PAYM5T = ! L& 9 !IR POSSESSION1 AS ALSO FROM ! PEASANTS :O [N SMALL HOLD+S2 BUT NO?+ IS DEM&$ FROM ! FEW DOZ5 M5 :O DO NOT [N ANY L&1 !Y BE+ P]MITT$ TO USE GRATIS ALL ?AT :I* IS SUPPORT$ FROM ! 9COME ON ! L&4  

 ,?IS >RANGEM5T HAS ! EFFECT ( MAK+ IT UNPR(ITABLE = ! PROPRIETOR :O DOES NOT LIVE 9 ! C\NTRY1 & :O PRODUCES LITTLE ON HIS L&1 UND] ! L& TAX1 TO CONT9UE HOLD+ HIS L&1 & HE GIVES IT UP4 ,BUT ! O!R PROPRIETOR1 :O IS A GOOD F>M]1 GIVES UP ONLY A P>T ( HIS L&1 & RETA9S ONLY ?AT P>T ( IT ON :I* HE CAN PRODUCE MORE ?AN :AT IS DEM&$ ( HIM = ! L& CULTIVAT$ BY HIM4  

 ,BUT ?OSE ( ! PEASANTS :O [N SMALL TRACTS1 & :O HAVE MANY WORK]S1 BUT LITTLE L&1 AS ALSO SOME :O HAVE NO L&1 BUT WI% TO SUPPORT !MSELVES BY MEANS ( WORK ON ! L&1 TAKE UP ! L& :I* IS GIV5 UP BY ! PROPRIETORS4 ,?US1 ) SU* A SOLUTION1 ALL ! 9HABITANTS ( ?IS LOCALITY F9D IT POSSIBLE TO LIVE ON ! L& & TO SUPPORT !MSELVES FROM IT1 & ! :OLE L& PASSES OV] 9TO ! H&S OR REMA9S 9 ! H&S ( ?OSE :O LIKE TO TILL IT & >E ABLE TO PRODUCE MU* ON IT4 ,BUT ! PUBLIC 9/ITUTIONS ( ! 9HABITANTS ( ! LOCALITY IMPROVE1 S9CE MORE MONEY IS OBTA9$ = PUBLIC NE$S ?AN BE=E1 &1 ABOVE ALL ELSE1 ALL ?IS TRANSF]5CE ( L&$ PROP]TY TAKES PLACE )\T ANY DISPUTES1 QU>RELS1 9T]F]5CE1 OR VIOL5CE1 BUT BY ! VOLUNT>Y AB&ONM5T ( ! L& BY ?OSE :O DO NOT KN[ H[ TO CULTIVATE IT PR(ITABLY4  

 ,SU* IS ,H5RY ,GEORGE'S PROJECT 9 ITS APPLICATION TO ! SEP>ATE /ATE OR EV5 TO ALL HUMANITY4 ,?IS PROJECT IS JU/ &- B5EFIC5T1 &1 ABOVE ALL1 EASILY APPLI$ EV]Y:]E1 9 ALL SOCIETIES1 NO MATT] :AT ORD] ( AGRICULTURE MAY BE E/ABLI%$ !RE4  

 ,= ?IS REASON ,I P]SONALLY CONSID] ?IS PROJECT TO BE ! BE/ ( ALL ?OSE 9 EXI/5CE4 ,BUT ?IS IS MY P]SONAL OP9ION1 :I* MAY BE FAULTY4 ,BUT Y\1 ! WORK+ M51 WILL1 :5 ! TIME %ALL COME TO ATT5D TO ! L&1 DISCUSS = Y\RSELVES !SE & ALL O!R PROJECTS1 & WILL *OOSE ! ONE :I* Y\ WILL CONSID] ! BE/1 OR Y\ WILL Y\RSELVES DISCOV] A JU/] OR MORE APPLICABLE ONE4 ,! REASON ,I HAVE EXPLA9$ !SE PROJECTS MORE 9 DETAIL IS1 ?AT Y\1 WORK+ M51 UND]/&+ ON ! ONE H& ! :OLE 9JU/ICE ( ! [N]%IP ( L&1 &1 ON ! O!R1 ! :OLE DIFFICULTY & COMPLEXITY ( A JU/ DI/RIBUTION ( ! L&1 MAY NOT FALL 9TO ?OSE ]RORS ( A ?\<TLESS DI/RIBUTION ( ! L&1 :I* W\LD MAKE Y\R CONDITION1 9 CONSEQU5CE ( ! /RUGGLE = ! L& BY SEP>ATE 9DIVIDUALS & ( L& SEIZURES 9 ! NEW ORD]1 WORSE ?AN :AT IT IS AT PRES5T4  

 ,I %ALL BRIEFLY REPEAT ! ESS5CE ( :AT ,I WANT$ TO SAY TO Y\4 ,! ESS5CE ( :AT ,I WANT$ TO SAY TO Y\ IS ?IS1 ?AT ,I ADVISE Y\1 ! WORK+ M51 9 ! FIR/ PLACE1 TO UND]/& CLE>LY :AT IT IS Y\ NE$1 & NOT TO LABOR TO OBTA9 :AT IS ABSOLUTELY UNNECESS>Y = Y\2 Y\ NE$ BUT ?IS ONE ?+1 - FREE L&1 ON :I* Y\ MAY BE ABLE TO LIVE & SUPPORT Y\RSELVES4  

 ,9 ! SECOND PLACE1 ,I ADVISE Y\ TO UND]/& CLE>LY 9 :AT WAY Y\ MAY BE ABLE TO OBTA9 ! L& Y\ NE$4 ,Y\ CAN OBTA9 ! L&1 NOT ?R\< RIOTS1 FROM :I* ,GOD SAVE Y\1 NOT ?R\< DEMON/RATIONS1 NOR /RIKES1 NOR SOCIALI/IC DEPUTIES 9 P>LIAM5TS1 BUT ONLY ?R\< NONP>TICIPATION 9 :AT Y\ Y\RSELVES CONSID] TO BE BAD1 ?AT IS1 BY NOT SUPPORT+ ! ILLEGALITY ( ! [N]%IP ( L&1 EI!R BY MEANS ( VIOL5CE EX]T$ BY ! >MY1 OR BY WORK+ ON ! PROPRIETORS' L&S & R5T+ !M4  

 ,9 ! ?IRD PLACE1 ,I ADVISE Y\ TO CONSID] 9 ADVANCE H[ Y\ WILL DI/RIBUTE ! L& :5 IT BECOMES FREE4  

 ,= Y\ TO BE ABLE CORRECTLY TO CONSID] ?IS1 Y\ MU/ NOT ?9K ?AT ! L& :I* WILL BE AB&ON$ BY ! PROPRIETORS WILL BECOME Y\R PROP]TY1 BUT MU/ UND]/& ?AT1 = ! USE ( ! L& TO BE REGUL>LY & )\T BIAS APPORTION$ AMONG ALL M51 ! RI<T TO [N L&1 ?\< IT BE BUT ONE SQU>E ROD1 %\LD NOT BE ACKN[L$G$ 9 ! CASE ( ANY ONE4 ,ONLY BY RECOGNIZ+ ! L& AS JU/ SU* AN >TICLE ( COMMON POSSESSION AS ! SUN & AIR WILL Y\ BE ABLE1 )\T BIAS & JU/LY1 TO E/ABLI% ! [N]%IP ( L& AMONG ALL M51 ACCORD+ TO ANY ( ! EXI/+ PROJECTS OR ACCORD+ TO SOME NEW PROJECT COMPOS$ OR *OS5 BY Y\ 9 ,COMMON4  

 ,9 ! F\R? PLACE1 & ?IS IS MO/ IMPORTANT1 ,I ADVISE Y\1 = ! PURPOSE ( OBTA9+ EV]Y?+ Y\ NE$1 TO DIRECT Y\R =CES1 NOT TO A /RUGGLE ) ! RUL+ CLASSES BY MEANS ( REVOLTS1 REVOLUTIONS1 OR SOCIALI/IC PROPAG&A1 BUT ONLY TO Y\RSELVES1 TO H[ Y\ MAY LIVE BETT]4  

 ,PEOPLE F>E BADLY ONLY BECAUSE !Y !MSELVES LIVE BADLY4 ,& !RE IS NO MORE 9JURI\S ?\<T = PEOPLE ?AN ?AT ! CAUSES ( ! WRET*$NESS ( !IR POSITION IS NOT 9 !MSELVES1 BUT 9 EXT]NAL CONDITIONS4 ,A MAN OR A SOCIETY ( M5 NE$ BUT IMAG9E ?AT ! EVIL EXP]I5C$ BY !M IS DUE TO EXT]NAL CONDITIONS & TO DIRECT !IR ATT5TION & EF=TS TO ! *ANGE ( !SE EXT]NAL CONDITIONS1 & ! EVIL WILL BE 9CREAS$4 ,BUT A MAN OR A SOCIETY ( M5 NE$ BUT S9C]ELY DIRECT !IR ATT5TION TO !MSELVES1 & 9 !MSELVES & !IR LIVES LOOK = ! CAUSES ( ?AT EVIL FROM :I* !Y SUFF]1 9 ORD] ?AT !SE CAUSES MAY BE AT ONCE F\ND & DE/ROY$4  

 0 ,SEEK YE ! K+DOM ( ,GOD & ,HIS RI<TE\SNESS1 & ALL !SE ?+S %ALL BE ADD$ UNTO Y\40 ,?IS IS ! FUNDAM5TAL LAW ( HUMAN LIFE4 ,IF Y\ LIVE BADLY1 CONTR>Y TO ,GOD'S LAW1 NO EF=TS ( Y\RS WILL PROCURE = Y\ ! WELL-BE+ = :I* Y\ >E SEEK+4 ,IF Y\ LIVE WELL1 MORALLY WELL1 9 ACCORDANCE ) ,GOD'S WILL & MAK+ NO EF=TS = ! ATTA9M5T ( ?IS WELL- BE+1 IT WILL NATURALLY E/ABLI% ITSELF AMONG Y\1 & AT ?AT 9 A WAY Y\ HAVE NEV] ?\<T (4  

 ,IT SEEMS SO NATURAL & SIMPLE TO PU% AGA9/ ! DOOR BEH9D :I* IS ?AT :I* WE NE$1 & ! MORE NATURAL1 S9CE BACK ( US /&S A CR[D ?AT IS PRESS+ AGA9/ US & JAMM+ US AGA9/ ! DOOR4 ,H[EV]1 ! MORE /UBBORNLY WE PRESS AGA9/ ! DOOR BEH9D :I* IS ?AT :I* WE CONSID] A GOOD1 ! LESS HOPE !RE IS TO P5ETRATE ?R\< IT4 ,! DOOR OP5S T[>D US4  

 ,?US1 TO OBTA9 ! GOOD1 A MAN MU/ NOT TR\BLE HIMSELF AB\T ! *ANGE ( EXT]NAL CONDITIONS1 BUT ONLY AB\T *ANG+ HIMSELF3 HE MU/ /OP DO+ :AT IS EVIL1 IF HE IS DO+ IT1 & MU/ BEG9 TO DO GOOD1 IF HE IS NOT DO+ IT4 ,ALL ! DOORS :I* LEAD M5 TO ! TRUE GOOD OP5 ONLY \TW>DLY4  

 ,WE SAY1 ! WORK+ PEOPLE >E 5SLAV$ BY ! GOV]NM5T1 BY ! RI*2 BUT :O >E !SE M5 :O =M ! GOV]NM5T & ! WEAL?Y CLASSES8 ,>E !Y H]OES1 EA* ( :OM CAN VANQUI% T5S & HUNDR$S ( WORK+ PEOPLE8 ,OR >E !RE V]Y MANY ( !M1 :ILE !RE >E BUT FEW WORK+ M58 ,OR >E !SE M51 ! RUL]S & ! WEAL?Y1 ! ONLY ONES :O KN[ H[ TO MAKE EV]Y?+ NECESS>Y & TO PRODUCE EV]Y?+ ! PEOPLE LIVE BY 8 ,NEI!R ! ONE1 NOR ! O!R1 NOR ! ?IRD4 ,!SE M5 >E NO H]OES1 BUT1 ON ! CONTR>Y1 WEAK5$1 HELPLESS PEOPLE1 & NOT ONLY >E !Y NOT NUM]\S1 BUT !Y >E EV5 HUNDR$S ( TIMES FEW] ?AN ! WORK+ PEOPLE4 ,& EV]Y?+ :I* M5 LIVE BY IS PRODUC$ NOT BY !M1 BUT BY ! WORK+ M51 :ILE !Y >E BO? UNABLE & UNWILL+ TO DO ANY?+1 & ONLY DEV\R :AT ! WORK+ M5 PRODUCE4 ,:Y1 !N1 DOES ?IS SMALL B& ( FEEBLE1 IDLE M51 :O CANNOT & WILL NOT DO ANY?+1 RULE OV] MILLIONS ( WORK+ M58 ,!RE IS BUT ONE ANSW] TO ?IS3 IT IS DUE TO ! FACT ?AT ! WORK+ M5 >E 9 !IR LIFE GUID$ BY ! SAME RULES & LAWS BY :I* !IR OPPRESSORS >E GUID$4 ,IF ! WORK+ M5 WORK & DO NOT EXPLOIT ! LABORS ( ! POOR & ! FEEBLE TO SU* AN EXT5T AS DO ! NON-WORK+ RUL]S & ! WEAL?Y1 ?IS IS NOT DUE TO ! FACT ?AT !Y CONSID] ?IS BAD1 BUT BECAUSE !Y CANNOT DO IT SO WELL AS ! RUL]S & ! RI*1 :O >E MORE AGILE & CUNN+ ?AN ! RE/4 ,! RUL]S & ! RI* RULE ! WORK+ PEOPLE ONLY BECAUSE ! WORK+ PEOPLE WI% 9 PRECISELY ! SAME MANN] TO RULE !IR [N FELL[S1 ! WORK+ M54 ,= ?IS SAME REASON -! EQUAL COMPREH5SION ( LIFE - ! WORK+ M5 >E UNABLE SUCCESSFULLY TO REBEL AGA9/ !IR OPPRESSORS4 ,NO MATT] H[ H>D IT IS = ! WORK+ MAN TO BE OPPRESS$ BY ! RUL]S & ! RI*1 HE KN[S 9 HIS HE>T ?AT HE HIMSELF W\LD ACT SIMIL>LY T[>D HIS BRO!RS1 OR ?AT 9 A SMALL WAY HE IS ACT+ ?US T[>D !M4 ,! WORK+ PEOPLE HAVE FETT]$ !MSELVES BY !IR DESIRE TO 5?RALL$ ONE ANO!R1 & SO IT IS EASY = ! %REWD PEOPLE :O HAVE ALREADY GOT !M 9 !IR P[] TO 5?RALL$ !M4 ,IF ! WORK+ PEOPLE DID NOT CONSI/ ( 5SLAV]S EXACTLY LIKE ! RUL]S & ! RI*1 :O >E CONC]N$ ONLY AB\T EXPLOIT+ !IR NEI<BOR'S WANT = ! PURPOSE ( E/ABLI%+ !IR [N WELL-BE+1 BUT LIV$ 9 A BRO!RLY WAY1 ?9K+ ( ONE ANO!R & MUTUALLY (F]+ AID1 NO ONE W\LD BE ABLE TO 5?RALL$ !M4 ,& SO1 TO FREE !MSELVES FROM ! OPPRESSION 9 :I* !Y >E HELD BY ! RUL]S & ! RI*1 ! WORK+ PEOPLE HAVE BUT ONE MEANS1 - TO FREE !MSELVES FROM ?OSE PR9CIPLES BY :I* !Y >E GUID$ 9 !IR LIVES1 ?AT IS1 TO /OP S]V+ MAMMON & BEG9 S]V+ ,GOD4  

 ,! PRET5D$ FRI5DS ( ! PEOPLE TELL Y\1 & Y\ Y\RSELVES - AT LEA/ A FEW ( Y\ - SAY TO Y\RSELVES1 ?AT ! PRES5T ORD] MU/ BE *ANG$1 ?AT Y\ MU/ TAKE POSSESSION ( ! IMPLEM5TS ( LABOR & ( ! L&1 & ?AT Y\ MU/ OV]?R[ ! PRES5T GOV]NM5T & E/ABLI% A NEW ONE4 ,& Y\ BELIEVE ?IS1 & Y\ HOPE & WORK = ! ATTA9M5T ( !SE 5DS4 ,BUT LET US ASSUME ?AT Y\ WILL ATTA9 :AT Y\ WI%1 ?AT Y\ WILL OV]?R[ ! PRES5T GOV]NM5T & WILL E/ABLI% A NEW GOV]NM5T1 & ?AT Y\ WILL TAKE POSSESSION ( ALL ! FACTORIES1 WORKS1 & ! L&4 ,:Y DO Y\ ASSUME ?AT ! PEOPLE :O WILL =M ! NEW GOV]NM5T WILL BE GUID$ BY NEW PR9CIPLES DIFF]5T FROM ?OSE BY :I* ! PRES5T M5 >E GUID$8 ,& IF !Y %ALL BE GUID$ BY ! SAME PR9CIPLES1 !Y WILL1 LIKE ?OSE ( ! PRES5T1 NOT ONLY RETA91 BUT ALSO /R5G!N !IR P[]1 & WILL = !IR ADVANTAGE EXTRACT AS MU* FROM !IR P[] AS !Y CAN4 ,:Y DO Y\ ASSUME ?AT ! PEOPLE :O WILL HAVE *>GE ( ! FACTORIES1 ( ! L& 7ALL M5 CANNOT MANAGE ALL 9/ITUTIONS71 BE+ PEOPLE ) JU/ SU* VIEWS AS ! M5 ( ! PRES5T1 WILL NOT F9D1 AS AT PRES5T1 MEANS = SEIZ+ ! LION %>E1 LEAV+ TO ! HUMBLE & MEEK ONLY :AT IS 9DISP5SABLE4 ,I %ALL BE TOLD3 0 ,IT WILL BE SO >RANG$ ?AT IT WILL BE IMPOSSIBLE TO DO SO40 ,BUT SEE H[ WELL ALL WAS >RANG$ BY ,GOD ,HIMSELF1 OR BY ,NATURE1 -! [N]%IP ( ! E>? BY ALL :O >E BORN & LIVE UPON IT1 - & YET PEOPLE HAVE BE5 CUNN+ 5\< TO VIOLATE ?IS DIV9E >RANGEM5T4 ,& SO ?\S&S ( MEANS = DI/ORT+ ! HUMAN ORD] WILL ALWAYS BE DISCOV]$ BY ?OSE M5 :O 9 !IR LIVES >E GUID$ BY NO?+ BUT C>E = !IR P]SONAL WELL-BE+4 ,NO MODIFICATIONS ( ! EXT]NAL ORD] WILL EV] IMPROVE OR EV] CAN IMPROVE ! CONDITION ( M54 ,& SO MY F\R? & MO/ IMPORTANT ADVICE TO Y\1 WORK+ M51 CONSI/S 9 ?IS1 ?AT1 )\T CONDEMN+ O!R PEOPLE1 Y\R OPPRESSORS1 Y\ %\LD DIRECT Y\R ATT5TION TO Y\RSELVES & *ANGE Y\R 9N] LIVES4  

 ,IF Y\ ?9K ?AT IT IS LAWFUL & USEFUL =CIBLY TO TAKE AWAY & APPROPRIATE TO Y\RSELVES :AT HAS BE5 TAK5 FROM Y\ & IS RETA9$ BY =CE2 OR1 IF Y\ ?9K ?AT1 FOLL[+ ! TEA*+ ( ]R+ M51 IT IS LAWFUL & USEFUL TO TAKE P>T 9 ! /RUGGLE ( ! CLASSES & TO /RIVE AFT] ! ACQUISITION ( ! IMPLEM5TS ( LABOR CREAT$ BY O!RS2 IF Y\ ?9K ?AT1 S]V+ AS SOLDI]S1 Y\ >E OBLIG$ TO OBEY ! AU?ORITIES1 :O COMPEL Y\ TO (F] VIOL5CE TO Y\R BRO!RS & KILL !M1 & NOT TO OBEY ,GOD1 :O COMM&S Y\ NOT TO DO SO2 OR IF Y\ ?9K ?AT1 9 MA9TA9+ ! LAWLESSNESS ( ! [N]%IP ( L& BY Y\R WORK ON ! L&S ( ! PROPRIETORS & BY R5T+ !M1 Y\ >E NOT DO+ ANY?+ WRONG1 - Y\R CONDITION WILL BECOME WORSE & WORSE1 & Y\ WILL = EV] REMA9 SLAVES4  

 ,BUT IF Y\ COME TO UND]/& ?AT = Y\R TRUE GOOD Y\ NE$ ONLY LIVE A BRO!RLY LIFE ACCORD+ TO ,GOD'S LAW1 DO+ UNTO O!RS :AT Y\ WI% %\LD BE DONE TO Y\1 -!N 9 ! MEASURE 9 :I* Y\ WILL UND]/& ?IS &1 UND]/&+ ?IS1 WILL EXECUTE IT1 WILL ALSO ?AT GOOD BE REALIZ$ :I* Y\ WI% =1 & Y\R SLAV]Y BE DE/ROY$4 0,YE %ALL KN[ ! TRU?1 & ! TRU? %ALL MAKE Y\ FREE40  

 ,YASNAYA ,POLYANA1 ,SEPTEMB]1 #a#i#b4  

  #a,?IS 9=MATION IS TAK5 BY ME FROM A BEAUTIFUL ,5GLI% BOOK BY A MOD]N WRIT]1 ,JOHN ,MORRISON ,DAVIDSON1 ,PRECURSORS ( ,H5RY ,GEORGE4 -,AU?OR'S ,NOTE4 

7,S\RCE3 ,FROM ,! ,COMPLETE ,WORKS ( ,C\NT ,TOL/OY ,VOL ,X,X,I,V 7,LATE/ ,WORKS_/,LIFE_/,G5]AL ,9DEX ,BIOGRAPHY7 - ,DANA ,E/ES @& ,CO4 - #aie 7PP4 #a#c#a-#a#f#i747 

,FROM 3 ,AN>*Y ,>*IVES4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #aia 3 ,TO ,! ,WORK+ ,PEOPLE -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,FEBRU>Y #a#a1 #bag 3 ,TO ,! ,WORK+ ,PEOPLE -- ,ADD$4 
,DECEMB] #c1 #bba 3 ,TO ,! ,WORK+ ,PEOPLE -- ,UPDAT$4 

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