,A ,DUTY ( ,HONOR 7,ALT]NATE ,TRANSLATION3 ,AGA9/ ,CAPITAL ,PUNI%M5T7 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,ROSA ,LUXEMBURG 

,TEXT 3 

,FIR/ ,PUBLI%$3 ,DIE ,ROTE ,FAHNE1 ,NO4#c1 #ah ,NOVEMB] #a#i#a#h4 
,S\RCE3 ,9T]NATIONAL ,SOCIALI/ ,REVIEW1 ,VOL4#c ,NO4#a1 ,JANU>Y-,FEBRU>Y #a#i#f#i1 PP4#e-#f4 
,TRANSLAT$3 7FROM ! ,FR5* :I* WAS FROM ! ORIG9AL 9 ,G]MAN7 ,WILLIAM ,L4 ,MC,PH]SON 9 ,G]MANY ,AFT] ! ,>MI/ICE3 ,A ,REPORT ,BAS$ ON ! ,P]SONAL ,TE/IMONY ( ,REPRES5TATIVE ,G]MANY1 ,CONC]N+ ! ,CONDITIONS ,EXI/+ 9 #a#i#a#i1 $IT$ BY ,MAURICE ,B]G]4 
,TRANSCRIPTION_/,M>KUP3 ,E9DE ,O',CALLA<AN1 ,DANIEL ,GAIDO1 @& ,BRIAN ,BAGG9S 
,PUBLIC ,DOMA93 ,LUXEMBURG ,9T]NET ,>*IVE 7M>XI/S4ORG7 #b#e4 ,?IS WORK IS COMPLETELY FREE4 

,?IS IS AN ALT]NATE TRANSLATION ( ! SAME WORK BY A DIFF]5T NAME ,A ,DUTY ( ,HONOR1 :I* IS ! CORRECT ,G]MAN TRANSLATION = ,E9E ,EHR5PFLI*T4 

,WE DID NOT WI% = AMNE/Y1 NOR = P>DON1 9 ! CASE ( ! POLITICAL PRISON]S1 :O HAD BE5 ! PREY ( ! OLD ORD]4 ,WE DEM&$ ! RI<T TO LIB]TY1 TO AGITATION1 TO REVOLUTION = ! HUNDR$S ( BRAVE & LOYAL M5 :O GROAN$ 9 ! JAILS & 9 ! =TRESSES BECAUSE1 UND] ! =M] DICTATOR%IP ( ,IMP]IALI/ CRIM9ALS1 !Y HAD F\<T = ! PEOPLE1 = PEACE1 & = SOCIALISM4 

,!Y >E ALL FREE N[4 

,WE F9D \RSELVES AGA9 9 ! RANKS1 READY = ! BATTLE4 

,IT WAS NOT ! CLIQUE ( ,S*EIDEMANN & HIS B\RGEOIS ALLIES1 ) ,PR9CE ,MAX ( ,BAD5 AT !IR HEAD1 ?AT LIB]AT$ US4 ,IT WAS ! ,PROLET>IAN ,REVOLUTION ?AT MADE ! DOORS ( \R CELLS SPR+ OP54 

,BUT ANO!R CLASS ( UN=TUNATE DWELL]S 9 ?OSE GLOOMY MANSIONS HAS BE5 COMPLETELY =GOTT54 ,NO ONE1 AT PRES5T1 ?9KS ( ! PALE & MORBID FIGURES :I* SI< BEH9D PRISON WALLS BECAUSE ( (F5SES AGA9/ ORD9>Y LAW4 

,NEV]!LESS !SE >E ALSO ! UN=TUNATE VICTIMS ( ! 9FAM\S SOCIAL ORD] AGA9/ :I* ! ,REVOLUTION IS DIRECT$ - VICTIMS ( ! ,IMP]IALI/IC W> :I* PU%$ DI/RESS & MIS]Y TO ! V]Y LIMIT ( 9TOL]ABLE TORTURE1 VICTIMS ( ?AT FRI<TFUL BUT*]Y ( M5 :I* LET LOOSE ALL ! VILE/ 9/9CTS4 

,! JU/ICE ( ! B\RGEOIS CLASSES HAD AGA9 BE5 LIKE A NET1 :I* ALL[$ ! VORACI\S %>KS TO ESCAPE1 :ILE ! LITTLE S>D9ES W]E CAU<T4 ,! PR(ITE]S :O HAVE REALIZ$ MILLIONS DUR+ ! W> HAVE BE5 ACQUITT$ OR LET (F ) RIDICUL\S P5ALTIES4 ,! LITTLE ?IEVES1 M5 & WOM51 HAVE BE5 PUNI%$ ) S5T5CES ( ,DRACONIAN SEV]ITY4 

,WORN \T BY HUNG] & COLD1 9 CELLS :I* >E H>DLY HEAT$1 !SE D]ELICTS ( SOCIETY AWAIT M]CY & PITY4 

,!Y HAVE WAIT$ 9 VA91 = 9 HIS PREOCCUPATION ) MAK+ ! NATIONS CUT ONE ANO!R'S ?ROATS & ( DI/RIBUT+ CR[NS1 ! LA/ ( ! ,HOH5ZOLL]NS =GOT !SE MIS]ABLE PEOPLE1 & S9CE ! ,CONQUE/ ( ,LIEGE !RE HAS BE5 NO AMNE/Y1 NOT EV5 ON ! (FICIAL HOLIDAY ( ,G]MAN SLAVES1 ! ,KAIS]'S BIR?DAY4 

,! ,PROLET>IAN ,REVOLUTION \<T N[1 BY A LITTLE RAY ( K9DNESS1 TO ILLUM9ATE ! GLOOMY LIFE ( ! PRISONS1 %ORT5 ,DRACONIAN S5T5CES1 ABOLI% B>B>\S PUNI%M5TS - ! USE ( MANACLES & :IPP+S - IMPROVE1 AS F> AS POSSIBLE1 ! M$ICAL ATT5TION1 ! FOOD ALL[ANCE1 & ! CONDITIONS ( LABOR4 ,?AT IS A DUTY ( HONOR6 

,! EXI/+ DISCIPL9>Y SY/EM1 :I* IS IMPREGNAT$ ) BRUTAL CLASS SPIRIT & ) CAPITALI/ B>B>ISM1 %\LD BE RADICALLY ALT]$4 

,BUT A COMPLETE RE=M1 9 H>MONY ) ! SPIRIT ( SOCIALISM1 CAN BE BAS$ ONLY ON A NEW ECONOMIC & SOCIAL ORD]2 = BO? CRIME & PUNI%M5T HAVE1 9 ! LA/ ANALYSIS1 !IR ROOTS DEEP 9 ! ORGANIZATION ( SOCIETY4 ,ONE RADICAL MEASURE1 H[EV]1 CAN BE TAK5 )\T ANY ELABORATE LEGAL PROCESS4 ,CAPITAL PUNI%M5T1 ! GREATE/ %AME ( ! ULTRA-REACTION>Y ,G]MAN CODE1 \<T TO BE DONE AWAY ) AT ONCE4 ,:Y >E !RE ANY HESITATIONS ON ! P>T ( ?IS ,GOV]NM5T ( WORK]S & SOLDI]S8 ,! NOBLE ,BECC>IA1 TWO HUNDR$ YE>S AGO1 D5\NC$ ! IGNOM9Y ( ! DEA? P5ALTY4 ,DOESN'T ITS IGNOM9Y EXI/ = Y\1 ,L$EB\R1 ,B>?1 ,DAEUMIG8 

,Y\ HAVE NO TIME1 Y\ HAVE A ?\S& C>ES1 A ?\S& DIFFICULTIES1 A ?\S& TASKS BE=E Y\8 ,?AT IS TRUE4 ,BUT M>K1 WAT* 9 H&1 H[ MU* TIME W\LD BE NE$$ TO SAY3 0,CAPITAL PUNI%M5T IS ABOLI%$60 ,W\LD Y\ >GUE ?AT1 ON ?IS QUE/ION ALSO1 LONG DISCUSSIONS FOLL[$ BY VOTES >E NECESS>Y8 ,W\LD Y\ ?US LOSE Y\RSELVES 9 ! COMPLICATIONS ( =MALISM1 9 CONSID]ATIONS ( JURISDICTION1 9 QUE/IONS ( DEP>TM5TAL R$ TAPE8 

,AH6 ,H,[ ,G]MAN ?IS ,G]MAN ,REVOLUTION IS6 ,H[ >GUM5TATIVE & P$ANTIC IT IS6 ,H[ RIGID1 9FLEXIBLE1 LACK+ 9 GR&EUR6 

,! =GOTT5 DEA? P5ALTY IS ONLY ONE LITTLE ISOLAT$ DETAIL4 ,BUT H[ PRECISELY ! 9N] SPIRIT1 :I* GOV]NS ! ,REVOLUTION1 BETRAYS ITSELF 9 !SE LITTLE DETAILS6 

,LET ONE TAKE UP ANY ORD9>Y HI/ORY ( ! GREAT ,FR5* ,REVOLUTION4 ,LET ONE TAKE UP ! DRY ,MIGNET1 = 9/ANCE4 

,CAN ONE READ ?IS BOOK EXCEPT ) A BEAT+ HE>T & A BURN+ BR[8 ,CAN ONE1 AFT] HAV+ OP5$ IT1 AT NO MATT] :AT PAGE1 PUT IT ASIDE BE=E ONE HAS HE>D1 ) BAT$ BREA?1 ! LA/ *ORD ( ?AT =MIDABLE TRAG$Y8 ,IT IS LIKE A SYMPHONY ( ,BEE?OV5 C>RI$ TO ! GIGANTIC & ! GROTESQUE1 A TEMPE/ ?UND]+ ON ! ORGAN ( TIME1 GREAT & SUP]B 9 ITS ]RORS AS WELL AS 9 ITS A*IEVEM5T1 9 VICTORY AS WELL AS 9 DEFEAT1 9 ! FIR/ CRY ( NAIVE JOYFULNESS AS WELL AS 9 ! F9AL BREA?4 

,& N[ H[ IS IT ) US 9 ,G]MANY8 

,EV]Y:]E1 9 ! SMALL AS 9 ! GREAT1 ONE FEELS ?AT !SE >E /ILL & ALWAYS ! OLD & SOB] CITIZ5S ( ! DEFUNCT ,SOCIAL-,DEMOCRACY1 ?OSE = :OM ! BADGE ( MEMB]%IP IS EV]Y?+ & ! MAN & ! SPIRIT >E NO?+4 

,LET US NOT =GET ?IS1 H[EV]4 ,! HI/ORY ( ! WORLD IS NOT MADE )\T GR&EUR ( SPIRIT1 )\T L(TY MORALE1 )\T NOBLE GE/URES4 

,LIEBKNE*T & ,I1 ON LEAV+ ! HOSPITABLE HALLS :I* WE REC5TLY 9HABIT$ - HE1 AMONG HIS PALE COMPANIONS 9 ! P5IT5TI>Y1 ,I ) MY DE>1 POOR ?IEVES & WOM5 ( ! /REETS1 ) :OM ,I HAVE PASS$1 UND] ! SAME RO(1 ?REE YE>S & A HALF ( MY LIFE - WE TOOK ?IS OA? AS !Y FOLL[$ US ) !IR SAD EYES3 0,WE %ALL NOT =GET Y\60 

,WE DEM& ( ! EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE ( ! ,C\NCIL ( ,WORK]S & ,SOLDI]S AN IMM$IATE AMELIORATION ( ! LOT ( ALL ! PRISON]S 9 ! ,G]MAN JAILS6 

,WE DEM& ! EXCISION ( CAPITAL PUNI%M5T FROM ! ,G]MAN P5AL CODE6 

,DUR+ ! F\R YE>S ( ?IS SLAU<T] ( ! PEOPLES1 BLOOD HAS FL[$ 9 TORR5TS4 ,TODAY1 EA* DROP ( ?AT PRECI\S FLUID \<T TO BE PRES]V$ DEVOT$LY 9 CRY/AL URNS4 

,REVOLUTION>Y ACTIVITY & PR(\ND HUMANIT>IANISM - !Y ALONE >E ! TRUE BREA? ( SOCIALISM4 

,A WORLD MU/ BE TURN$ UPSIDE D[N4 ,BUT EA* TE> ?AT FL[S1 :5 IT C\LD HAVE BE5 SP>$1 IS AN ACCUSATION1 & HE COMMITS A CRIME :O ) BRUTAL 9ADV]T5CY CRU%ES A POOR E>?WORM4 

,FROM 3 ,M>XI/S4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,M>* #f1 #bba 3 ,A ,DUTY ( ,HONOR 7,ALT]NATE ,TRANSLATION3 ,AGA9/ ,CAPITAL ,PUNI%M5T7 -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #i1 #bbb 3 ,A ,DUTY ( ,HONOR 7,ALT]NATE ,TRANSLATION3 ,AGA9/ ,CAPITAL ,PUNI%M5T7 -- ,UPDAT$4 

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