,A ,WORK]S' ,P>TY ,& ,ELECTIONS1 ,OR ,CLASS ,/RUGGLE8 
,! QUE/ION ( /ATE P[] & ! AN>*I/S' ANSW] 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,W>R5 ,MC,GREGOR 

,TEXT 3 

,! QUE/ION ( /ATE GOV]NM5T ELECTIONS & RUNN+ A ,WORK]S OR ,SOCIALI/ POLITICAL P>TY CONT9UES TO BE RAIS$ 9 ! WORK+ CLASS MOVEM5T & ! ,LEFT GLOBALLY4 ,AS WE MAY KN[1 !RE WAS EXCITEM5T AB\T ! RISE ( ,J]EMY ,CORBYN 9 ! ,LABOR ,P>TY 9 ,BRITA91 LEFT POLITICAL P>TIES 9 C]TA9 P>TS ( ,EUROPE & ,LAT9 ,AM]ICA &1 MORE REC5TLY1 C]TA9 %IFTS TO MORE C5TRI/ POSITIONS 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES AMONG A SECTION ( ! ,DEMOCRATIC ,P>TY CALL+ !MSELVES 0,DEMOCRATIC ,SOCIALI/S04 ,9 ,S\? ,AFRICA1 MANY WORK]S & SOME ACTIVI/S SEEM CAUTI\SLY OPTIMI/IC BY ,N,U,M,S,A'S.<#a.> =MATION ( ! ,SOCIALI/ ,REVOLUTION>Y ,WORK]S ,P>TY ?AT WILL SEEK TO P>TICIPATE 9 ! #bai G5]AL ELECTIONS4 

,) ?IS 9 M9D1 WE NE$ TO LOOK AT ISSUES ( SOCIAL TRANS=MATION )9 ! FRAMEWORK ( :AT WE WANT TO A*IEVE & ! RELATION%IP BETWE5 ! MEANS & 5DS ( /RUGGLE 9 PURSUIT ( !SE AIMS4 ,! HI/ORIC & ULTIMATE SOCIALI/ 5D IS A SOCIETY *>ACT]IZ$ BY COLLECTIVE DEMOCRATIC CONTROL ( ! POLITICAL & ECONOMIC SY/EMS & ONE )\T CLASS DIVISIONS & OPPRESSION ( ALL TYPES - 9 REAL T]MS1 A SOCIETY )\T ! /ATE & CAPITALISM 9 P>TICUL>4 ,IF ?IS IS SO1 IS ?IS REVOLUTION>Y TRANS=MATION POSSIBLE ?R\< ! MEANS ( /ATE P[] & POLITICAL P>TIES ?AT AIM TO CAPTURE ?IS =M ( P[]8 ,! QUE/ION IS NOT ONLY ONE ( IDEOLOGICAL ORI5TATION1 BUT ALSO ! /RATEGIC & TACTICAL IMPLICATIONS IMPOS$ BY IDEOLOGICAL ADH]5CE4 

,BE=E WE GET 9TO IT1 ,I WANT TO /RESS ?AT WE >E P>TICIPAT+ 9 & WAG+ A BATTLE ( IDEAS4 ,?IS IS NOT JU/ BETWE5 AN EMBATTL$ WORK+ CLASS - BROADLY UND]/OOD AS WORK]S1 ! UNEMPLOY$ & !IR FAMILIES - & ! OPPOS+ RUL+ CLASS4 ,IT IS ALSO A BATTLE ( COMPET+ T5D5CIES1 OR IDEOLOGIES )9 ! WORK+ CLASS ITSELF1 E4G4 NATIONALISM1 POPULISM1 V>I\S ,M>XI/-,L59I/ T5D5CIES1 AN>*ISM_/SYNDICALISM1 ETC4 ,AS SU*1 AN>*ISM >GUES = A POLITICAL ORGANIZATION SPECIFIC TO ! GOALS ( DEVELOP+ & PROMOT+ AN>*I/ IDEOLOGY1 /RATEGY & TACTICS )9 ! WORK+ CLASS & SOCIETY BROADLY4 ,! AIM IS TO W9 ! POPUL> CLASSES TO ITS IDEAS & ME?ODS ( /RUGGLE1 RESI/ANCE & SOCIAL RECON/RUCTION4 ,IT IS NOT AN ANTI-ORGANIZATIONAL APPROA*1 BUT ONE ?AT >GUES = AN ORGANIZ$1 COLLECTIVE & DIRECTLY-DEMOCRATIC RESPONSE TO ! ISSUES POS$ BY ! BATTLE ( IDEAS4 ,AN>*ISM & ITS TRADE UNION /RATEGY1 SYNDICALISM1 DOES1 H[EV]1 VEHEM5TLY OPPOSE ! P>TICIPATION ( !SE POLITICAL ORGANIZATIONS 9 ! ME*ANISMS ( /ATE RULE1 9CLUD+ /ATE GOV]NM5T ELECTIONS4 

,! QUE/ION ( ELECTIONS & POLITICAL P>TIES HAS TO BE 9T]ROGAT$ )9 ! DUAL CONTEXTS ( ?IS BATTLE ( IDEAS 79T] & 9TRA CLASS7 & ! RELATIVE WEAKNESS ( UNION MOVEM5TS 9 RELATION TO ! =CES ( ! RUL+ CLASS - ! /ATE & ! CORPORATION4 ,:]EAS CORPORATIONS & !IR CAPITALI/ PHILOSOPHIES HAVE BECOME UBIQUIT\S ?R\<\T ! WORLD1 ! 9FLU5CE ( UNIONS & ! IDEAS ( COLLECTIVE ORGANIZATION AS COMBATIVE & TRANS=MATIVE =CES >E RELATIVELY QUITE WEAK4 ,!RE MAY BE L>GE NUMB]S ( WORK]S UNIONIZ$1 BUT ?IS DOES NOT NECESS>ILY TRANSLATE 9TO SOCIO-ECONOMIC TRANS=MATIVE ACTION ?R\< ! UNIONS4 ,?IS G5]AL WEAKNESS IS NOT ONLY *>ACT]I/IC ( UNIONS - MANY O!R WORK+ CLASS SOCIAL & ,LEFT MOVEM5TS >E UNABLE TO CONT9UE /RUGGLES AGA9/ ! OPPRESSIVE NATURE ( MOD]N DAY CAPITALISM BEYOND PROTE/S & PETITIONS4 ,AS SU*1 MU* ACTION IS DEF5SIVE 9 NATURE 7E4G4 = WAGE 9CREASES ABOVE 9FLATION1 = ACCESS TO AF=DABLE 5]GY 9 POOR T[N%IPS1 ETC471 & R>ELY >E !RE ATTEMPTS AT *ANG+ ! RELATIONS ( [N]%IP & EXP&+ WORK+ CLASS CONTROL & P[] 9TO ! ECONOMY & SOCIETY4 

,IT IS !RE=E UND]/&ABLE1 9 A CONJUNCTURE ( G5]ALLY WEAK WORK]S' & ,LEFT =MATIONS1 ?AT ! IDEA ( A ,WORK]S ,P>TY IS APPEAL+ = MANY PEOPLE & SECTIONS ( ! ,LEFT4 ,H[EV]1 ! NE$ TO CAPTURE /ATE P[] IS ALSO A LONG-/&+ IDEA HELD & DEVELOP$ BY ! /ATI/ ,LEFT IDEOLOGIES GUID+ !SE PEOPLE4 ,! CLAIM ( ! NE$ = SU* A P>TY ASS]TS A NEW LOCUS = /RUGGLE1 ! VOICE = SOCIALI/ IDEAS & AN 5TITY ?AT CAN BR+ TOGE!R WORK+ & POPUL> CLASS MOVEM5TS ACROSS A RANGE ( SECTORS4 ,ITS CLAIM RE/S ON ! IDEA ?AT UNIONS CAN ONLY EV] BE ECONOMIC ORGANIZATIONS ?AT AIM AT DAY-TO-DAY IMPROVEM5TS 9 ! LIVES ( MEMB]S & WORK]S4 ,AN AHI/ORICAL CLAIM1 IF EV] !RE WAS ONE6 ,ACCORD+LY1 ! SOCIO-POLITICAL REALM CAN ONLY !RE=E BE 5GAG$ BY A POLITICAL P>TY ?AT BE/ REPRES5TS ! WI%ES ( ! WORK+ CLASS AS A :OLE4 ,?IS !Y CALL ! VANGU>D4 ,ANO!R BOLD CLAIM 9DE$6 

,CLE>LY MANY PEOPLE ON ! ,LEFT ?9K ! REAL GOAL IS TO A*IEVE /ATE P[] TO REALIZE ! PROMISES ( ! FUTURE4 ,9 REALITY ?IS MEANS BUILD+ A POLITICAL P>TY & P\R+ A SUB/ANTIAL AM\NT ( RES\RCES - HUMAN & F9ANCIAL - 9TO ITS DEVELOPM5T4 ,MANY ALSO BELIEVE ?AT A ,LEFT P>TY1 H[EV] PROBLEMATIC1 W\LD BE BETT] ?AN ! EXI/+ P>TIES1 P>TICUL>LY ?OSE ( ! RADICAL RI<T & POPULI/S PROMOT+ RACE ESS5TIALISM & X5OPHOBIA1 :O FOM5T FE> ( & BETWE5 DIFF]5T SOCIAL GR\P+S4 ,HI/ORY IS NOT TOO K9D1 H[EV]1 TO ! BELIEF ?AT POLITICAL P>TIES >E VEHICLES ( RADICAL1 PROGRESSIVE1 SOCIALI/ TRANS=MATION4 

,! IDEA ( /ATE P[] IS :OLLY UND]-SCRUT9IZ$ FROM A CRITICAL P]SPECTIVE4 ,FEW DISCUSSIONS1 IF ANY1 EXI/ )9 WORK+ CLASS ORGANIZATIONAL CIRCLES AS TO ! NATURE & IMPACT ( /ATE P[] ON POLITICAL ORGANIZATIONS & MASS =MATIONS L9K$ TO P>TIES 9 P[]4 ,H>DLY ANY DEBATES TAKE PLACE REG>D+ ! /ATE'S ROLE AS AN 9/ITUTION ( RUL+ CLASS P[] & :E!R OR NOT ! /ATE1 ) ITS HI]>*ICAL /RUCTURES ( C5TRALIZ$1 9DIVIDUAL CONTROL1 CAN EV] BE ACC\NTABLE TO A MASS WORK+ CLASS BASE4 ,ALSO MISS+ 9 ! DISCUSSIONS AB\T ELECTIONS1 P>TIES & ! LABOR MOVEM5T1 IS A S]I\S EVALUATION ( ! TRACK RECORD ( P>TIES - :E!R 9 P[] OR 9 OPPOSITION4 ,9 ?IS CONCEPTUAL VACCUM1 MANY CONT9UE TO >GUE ?AT ! PROBLEM IS EXI/+ P>TIES HAVE FAIL$ BECAUSE !Y HAVE HAD BAD LEAD]S4 ,?IS MAY ACC\NT = ! EXCITEM5T AB\T ,CORBYN'S 9FLU5CE 9 ! ,U,K'S ,LABOR ,P>TY1 ,CYRIL ,RAMAPHOSA ASC5D+ ! ,A,N,C ?RONE 9 ,S\? ,AFRICA1 OR ,B]NIE ,S&]S' POPUL>ITY 9 ! ,U,S,A4 ,= O!RS1 ! PROBLEM IS BAD IDEAS1 ) ! SOLUTION BE+ A BETT] MANIFE/O !RE(4 ,H[EV]1 LITTLE ATT5TION IS PAID TO /RUCTURAL ISSUES - ( ORGANIZATION1 DECISION-MAK+ & CONTROL4 ,AT ! EXTREME1 SOME ( !SE ,LEFT L9ES ( ?\<T PROPOSE A BETT] ,COMMUNI/ OR ,SOCIALI/ ,P>TY BECAUSE ( ! FAILURE ( ! HI/ORICAL 9CUMB5T4 ,H[EV]1 !RE IS LITTLE 9T]ROGATION ( :AT !SE FAILURES W]E1 :Y !Y OCCURR$ 7BEYOND BAD LEAD]%IP & ALLIANCES7 & :E!R OR NOT !SE FAILURES >E 9H]5T TO ! V]Y IDEA & HI]>*ICAL /RUCTURE ( A SELF-ANO9T$ 0VANGU>D0 P>TY4 

,:5 WE FOCUS ATT5TION ON !SE & O!R SU* QUE/IONS1 P]HAPS WE CAN ACC\NT = :AT HAPP5$ TO ! ,A,N,C.<#b.> 9 ,S\? ,AFRICA P>TICUL>LY 9 ! LATE #b? & E>LY #b#a/ C5TURIES4 ,IT SUGGE/S MORE ?AN JU/ ! IMPACT ( KEY P]SONALITIES OR EV5 PROGRAM4 ,ONCE 9 P[]1 ! ,A,N,C - HI]>*ICALLY /RUCTUR$ & F\ND$ ON AN UNPR9CIPL$ MI%MA% ( NEO-LIB]AL CAPITALI/ PR9CIPLES TRUMPET+ FAI? 9 FREE M>KETS ON ! ONE H& & ,DEVELOPM5TAL ,/ATE LEAN+S ON ! O!R - RAPIDLY DEVELOP$ 9TO A P>TY *>ACT]IZ$ BY /ATE LOOT+1 CORRUPTION & SOCIAL REPRESSION4 ,!RE >E MANY SIMIL>ITIES %>$ ) LIB]ATION MOVEM5TS ?AT CAME TO P[] ELSE:]E 9 ! =M] COLONIAL WORLD1 AS WELL AS ) ! OLD ,LABOR1 ,WORK]S & ,SOCIALI/ P>TIES 9 O!R P>TS4 ,ONCE !Y GOT 9TO (FICE & DESPITE MANY PROMIS+ E>LY 9ITIATIVES1 ! NEW RUL+ P>TY PROV$ 9CAPABLE ( FO/]+ SUB/ANTIVE1 TRANS=MATIVE SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPM5T4 

,!RE >E ALSO %>$ HI/ORIES AMONG TRADE UNION MOVEM5TS ?AT *OSE SIMIL> POLITICAL PA?WAYS1 P>TICUL>LY ( ALLIANCE TO POLITICAL P>TIES :O CLAIM$ TO SPEAK ON BEHALF ( ! WORK+ CLASS1 OR1 AS 9 MANY CASES 9 ,AFRICA1 ,ASIA & ,LAT9 ,AM]ICA1 ! 0OPPRESS$ NATION04 ,9 ! ,S\? ,AFRICAN CASE1 AN (FICIAL ALLIANCE BETWE5 ! ,A,N,C & ,C,O,S,A,T,U.<#c.> HAS1 = V>I\S REASONS1 HAD A DEVA/AT+ IMPACT ON ! UNION MOVEM5T4 ,AMONG A HO/ ( O!R ISSUES1 IT HAS CAUS$ ! FRAGM5TATION ( ! WORK]S' MOVEM5T & ITS ORGANIZATIONS1 A DECL9E ( UNION DEMOCRACY1 9DIVIDUAL JOCKEY+ = UNION POSITION TO ACCESS WEAL? & FUTURE POLITICAL P[] VIA ! ,A,N,C 7LEAD+ TO ASSASS9ATIONS 9 MANY CASES71 & ! SPREAD ( CORRUPTION4 ,MANY ( !SE ISSUES /EM FROM ! ALLIANCE1 ) UNION POSITION SE5 AS A LADD] = P]SONAL POLITICAL & ECONOMIC GA94 

,WE NE$ TO LOOK AT ! TRAJECTORY ( ROT1 FAILURE & P]HAPS EV5 BETRAYAL H]E 9 ,S\? ,AFRICA TO UND]/& ! SIMIL>ITIES BETWE5 EV5TS 9 PO/-COLONIAL ,AFRICA & ELSE:]E4 ,?IS CAN BE A BASIS = A MORE 9=M$ DISCUSSION AB\T IDEAS = ! WAY =W>D = ! WORK+ CLASS - AWAY FROM M]E RHETORICAL FL\RI%ES1 SLOGANE]+ & REHA%+ ( OLD IDEAS ?AT HAVE FAIL$ \R CLASS AGA9 & AGA94 

,! REALITY IS ?AT A PROJECT ( BUILD+ POLITICAL P>TIES TO CAPTURE /ATE P[] TO FREE ! POPUL> CLASSES - ?R\< ELECTIONS OR =CE - HAS BE5 A COLOSSAL FAILURE 9 RELATION TO ITS 9ITIAL SOCIALI/ AIMS4 ,ONCE ELECT$1 POLITICAL P>TIES >E 9CORPORAT$ 9TO ! 9/ITUTIONAL LIFE ( ! /ATE MA*9E4 ,H[EV]1 NOT ONLY IS ! /ATE ALWAYS AN 9/ITUTION ( RUL+ CLASS P[]1 RUN BY & = EXPLOITATIVE ECONOMIC & POLITICAL ELITES1 ONE ( ITS PRIM>Y GOALS IS TO SECURE ITS P[] AS AN 9/ITUTION OV] SOCIETY & ITS POLITICS4 ,?IS SELF-SU/A9+ APPROA* IS ! V]Y DESIGN & FUNCTION ( ! /ATE4 ,IT EXI/S PRIM>ILY TO SECURE ITS CONTROL OV] ! MEANS ( CO]CION & ADM9I/RATION4 ,IT IS ?IS KEY =M ( CONTROL ?AT POSITIONS TOP /ATE MANAG]S AS KEY MEMB]S ( ! RUL+ CLASS ALONGSIDE [N]S ( MEANS ( PRODUCTION 7AS AN ASIDE1 ALL /ATES ALSO CONTROL SUB/ANTIAL PRODUCTIVE ECONOMIC MEANS1 SU* AS L&1 PROP]TY & CORPORATIONS LIKE ,ESKOM1 ,PETROBRAS1 ! ,EMIRATES AIRL9E1 ETC474 

,ALL /ATES >E /RUCTUR$ AS HI]>*IES ( CONTROL & PRIVILEGE - /RUCTURES ?AT C5TRALIZE MORE & MORE P[] 9 FEW] & FEW] 9DIVIDUALS AS Y\ GO UP ! *A9 ( COMM&4 ,?IS V]Y /RUCTURE IS CONTRADICTORY & OPPOS$1 9 =M & CONT5T1 TO A DEMOCRATIC1 EMANCIPATORY WORK+ CLASS PROJECT4 ,ONCE A P>TY IS 9VOLV$ 9 ! SELF-SU/A9+ /ATE MA*9]Y1 ITS LEAD]S >E DRAWN 9TO ! DAY-TO-DAY NECESSITIES ( ! 9T]E/S ( COMPET+ P>TIES & POLITICIANS4 ,! P>TY & 9DIVIDUAL REPRES5TATIVE'S M&ATE MU/ !N *ANGE FROM ONE ?AT MAY HAVE S\<T TO S]VE BROAD SOCIAL 9T]E/S1 TO A PRIM>Y FOCUS ON REMA9+ 9 POLITICAL P[]4 ,?US1 ! /ATE1 P>TY & POLITICIAN S]VE ! PRIM>Y PURPOSE ( MA9TA9+ !IR SOCIAL1 ECONOMIC & POLITICAL POSITIONS ( P[] - CONTROL & PRIVILEGE4 ,! P>TY & ITS S]VANTS >E W>P$ TO S]VE ?IS ELITI/ 9T]E/1 & ITS LEAD]S1 N[ WORK+ & RESID+ 9 ! HALLS1 (FICES & RESID5CES ( RUL+ CLASS POLITICAL P[]1 BECOME ! V]Y PROBLEM !Y MAY HAVE S\<T TO RID SOCIETY (4 ,!Y N[ HAVE BECOME P>T ( ! RUL+ CLASS4 

,P[] OV] DAILY LIFE1 ! NEI<BORHOOD1 POLIC+1 $UCATION 7LET'S CALL IT ! MEANS ( ADM9I/RATION & CO]CION7 :5 RE/$ 9 ! H&S ( ! /ATE & ITS 9/ITUTIONS DOES NOT & CANNOT TRICKLE D[N TO ! MASSES2 IT M]ELY %IFTS BETWE5 SECTIONS ( ! RUL+ CLASS4 ,LET US BE CLE>3 ! /ATE IS A FUNDAM5TALLY UNDEMOCRATIC 9/ITUTION ?AT WE HAVE VE/$ ) SOCIAL1 POLITICAL & ECONOMIC P[]4 ,AL?\< Y\ MAY VOTE = C]TA9 REPRES5TATIVES 9 GOV]NM5T1 GOV]NM5T IS BUT ,O,N,E >M ( ! /ATE MA*9E4 ,Y\ DO NOT & CANNOT1 BY LAW1 VOTE TO ELECT LEAD]S ( ! O!R >MS ( ! /ATE3 ! JUDICI>Y1 ! POLICE1 ! >MY & /ATE-[N$ 5T]PRISES4 ,NOT V]Y DEMOCRATIC1 IT SEEMS6 

,IF ! ,A,N,C UND] ,NELSON ,M&ELA1 ! ,BOL%EVIKS UND] ,L591 ! ,S,A,C,P UND] ,JOE ,SLOVO C\LD NOT BREAK ! PATT]N - & 9 MANY WAYS RE9=C$ ! AU?ORIT>IAN P[] ( ! NEW /ATE 9/ITUTIONS !Y CAME TO CONTROL - NO WAY IS IT GO+ TO BE DIFF]5T ! NEXT TIME ONE *OOSES TO VOTE1 NO MATT] ! P]SONALITIES & PROGRAMS 9VOLV$4 ,! DESIRE = /ATE P[]1 & TO HOLD ONTO IT1 SUP]S$ES ALL O!RS4 ,!RE IS NO BASIS AT ALL = ! FAI? ?AT NEW OR RE=M$ ,LEFT OR NATIONAL LIB]ATION POLITICAL P>TIES WILL SOMEH[ SUCCE$ 9 CREAT+ ! K9D ( ORD] ?AT S]VES ! 9T]E/S 79DIVIDUAL & COLLECTIVE7 ( ! WORK+ CLASS4 ,?IS SEEMS A FAI? BAS$ MORE ON IDEOLOGICAL DOGMA1 A SELECTIVE READ+ ( ! PA/1 AN UNSCI5TIFIC ANALYSIS1 OR EV5 JU/ A BELIEF 9 PURSU+ A 0LESS] EVIL0 HOP+ LIFE W\LD BE MORE TOL]ABLE UND] DIFF]5T RUL]S4 ,?IS HOPE IS FAIR & NOT TO BE SNE]$ AT1 BUT IS NOT ALIGN$ TO A VISION = A SOCIALI/ FUTURE4 

,! V]Y ACT ( VOT+ 9 /ATE GOV]NM5T ELECTIONS IS1 9 & ( ITSELF1 A D]ELICTION ( ONE'S P]SONAL POLITICAL OBLIGATION4 ,! ACT PLACES Y\R P[] ( DECISION-MAK+ 9 ! H&S ( REPRES5TATIVES1 & ?US IS REF]R$ TO AS REPRES5TATIVE DEMOCRACY4 ,?IS IS ! P[] TO MAKE DECISIONS ON Y\R BEHALF &1 USUALLY1 )\T Y\4 ,VOT+ 9 GOV]NM5T ELECTIONS IS NOT DONE BY CITIZ5S 9=M$ BY ANY KN[L$GE ( ! \TCOME ( !IR VOTE1 BUT 9 ! HOPE ?AT ?OSE !Y ELECT W\LD ACTUALLY MEET !IR ELECTION PROMISES4 ,?IS P>TICUL> =M ( VOT+1 !RE=E1 R$UCES SOCIETY TO ATOMIZ$ 9DIVIDUAL ACTORS ALONE 9 ! VA/ POLITICAL WORLD1 RE9=CES ! MISPLAC$ IDEA ?AT IT IS A MEAN+FUL POLITICAL ACT1 & FUR!R UND]M9ES ! TRANS=MATIVE COLLECTIVE POLITICAL ACTION ( ! WORK+ CLASS & POOR4 ,OV] TIME & YE>S ( RUL+ CLASS PROPAG&A1 WE PLACE MORE FAI? 9 ?IS H&OV] ( POLITICAL P[] ?AN ! POT5TIAL CAPABILITIES ( \R ORGANIZATIONS - ! TRADE UNION & COMMUNITY-BAS$ SOCIAL MOVEM5T1 ! REALMS ( ECONOMIC & POLITICAL LIFE :]E WORK+ CLASS PEOPLE CAN EX]CISE ACTUAL CONTROL4 

,AN UNCRITICAL APPROA* TO DISCUSS+ ! /ATE1 P>TIES1 UNIONS1 ORGANIZATIONAL /RUCTURE & ! ROLE ( VOT+1 PREV5TS ! DEVELOPM5T ( AN ADEQUATE IDEOLOGICAL & /RATEGIC SET ( CONCLUSIONS AB\T :AT HAS GONE WRONG 9 ! PA/4 ,IT ALSO MAY BL9D ONE TO :AT HAS & CONT9UES TO A*IEVE REAL VICTORIES4 ,WE NE$ TO FOCUS LESS ON ! OV]ALL IDEOLOGICAL & /RATEGIC ORI5TATIONS ( P>TIES & ! TACTICAL *OICES ?AT FOLL[4 ,AS ,I HAVE >GU$1 P>TIES & /ATE P[] >E 9CAPABLE ( CREAT+ SUB/ANTIVE SOCIALI/ SOCIO-ECONOMIC TRANS=MATION4 ,WE %\LD FOCUS MORE ON ! PROCESS ?AT W9S REAL *ANGE - WORK+ CLASS /RUGGLE BY ITSELF1 = ITSELF4 ,EV5 TO A*IEVE RE=MS1 WE NE$ MASS-BAS$ /RUGGLE FROM BEL[ - AT ! WORKPLACE & 9 COMMUNITIES4 ,= DEEP] SY/EMIC *ANGE1 A REVOLUTION>Y *ANGE1 WE NE$ P>TICUL> /RUGGLES FROM BEL[ - WORKPLACE & COMMUNITY /RUGGLES = RE=M ?AT AIM AT CON/ANTLY BROAD5+ WORK+ CLASS ORGANIZATIONAL CONTROL OV] ! IMM$IATE MEANS ( PRODUCTION1 CO]CION & ADM9I/RATION1 I4E4 EV]YDAY LIFE4 ,BO? =MS ( /RUGGLE1 = RE=MS & REVOLUTION1 >E 9DELIBLY L9K$4 ,!SE REQUIRE BUILD+ WORK+ CLASS C\NT]-P[] - ORGANIZATIONS1 ESPECIALLY UNIONS1 FOM5T+ A REVOLUTION>Y FRONT ( ! OPPRESS$ CLASSES4 ,!SE ORGANIZATIONS MU/ ALSO BE 9=M$ BY A NEW WORLDVIEW ?AT IS SOCIALI/_/ANTI-CAPITALI/1 ANTI-/ATI/ & NON-HI]>*ICAL1 9 O!R WORDS1 AN>*I/_/SYNDICALI/4 ,?IS WE CAN CALL A C\NT]-HEGEMONIC VIEW1 OR MORE PRECISELY A REVOLUTION>Y C\NT]-CULTURE2 ! LEAD]%IP ( A REVOLUTION>Y M9D-SET WON 9 ! DAY-TO-DAY BATTLE ( IDEAS 9SIDE ?IS MOVEM5T BY ! POLITICAL ORGANIZATION PROMOT+ !SE IDEAS4 ,?IS MOVEM5T ( WORK+ CLASS ORGANIZATIONS1 !RE=E1 IS TO BE BUILT ON ! TW9 TRACKS ( REVOLUTION>Y C\NT]-P[] & C\NT]-CULTURE1 FOCUS$ \TSIDE & AGA9/ ! /ATE1 & IS =G$ 9 /RUGGLE4 ,! ANTI-/ATI/ POSITION IS NOT ONE ?AT IGNORES ! /ATE1 BUT REALIZES IT AS AN ORGAN ( RUL+ CLASS P[] ?AT WE >E UNABLE TO RE=M 9 \R FAVOR4 ,\R AIM IS A SELF-MANAG$1 EGALIT>IAN =M ( RECON/RUCTION - ( \R ORGANIZATIONS & WORLD - & A FUTURE SOCIETY BAS$ ON !SE PR9CIPLES4 

,?IS IS A CALL = A PREFIGURATIVE POLITICS GR\ND$ & %AP$ 9 WORK+ CLASS REALITIES - A POLITICS ?AT M>RIES MEANS ( /RUGGLE TO ! SOCIAL1 POLITICAL & ECONOMIC 5DS COLLECTIVELY AGRE$ TO4 ,?IS MEANS REVISIT+ AN>*ISM & SYNDICALISM1 & ! LIB]T>IAN LEFT1 & LEAV+ ! P>TY-/ATE PROJECT BEH9D4 ,?IS MEANS DRAW+ FROM ! DEEP WELL ( WORK+ CLASS HI/ORY1 ORGANIZATION1 !ORY & PRACTICE1 MOV+ FROM A POLITICS ( RECYCL+ FAIL$ /ATI/ PROJECTS TO ONE ?AT DEVELOPS CONFID5CE 9 \R [N 9ITIATIVES1 ONE ?AT VALORIZES WORK+ CLASS UNITY1 +5UITY & 9DEP5D5CE4 

.<#a.> ,! ,NATIONAL ,UNION ( ,METALWORK]S ( ,S\? ,AFRICA4 

.<#b.> ,AFRICAN ,NATIONAL ,CONGRESS1 ! RUL+ P>TY S9CE #a#i#i#d4 

.<#c.> ,CONGRESS ( ,S\? ,AFRICAN ,TRADE ,UNIONS4 

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,*RONOLOGY 3 
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