,ADDRESS ( ,AUGU/ ,SPIES 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,AUGU/ ,SPIES 

,TEXT 3 

,Y\R ,HONOR3 ,9 ADDRESS+ ?IS C\RT ,I SPEAK AS ! REPRES5TATIVE ( ONE CLASS TO ! REPRES5TATIVE ( ANO!R4 ,I WILL BEG9 ) ! WORDS UTT]$ FIVE HUNDR$ YE>S AGO ON A SIMIL> OCCASION1 BY ! ,V5ETIAN ,DOGE ,FAH]I1 :O ADDRESS+ ! C\RT1 SAID3 

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,! CAUSES ( MY ALLEG$ CRIME Y\R HI/ORY60 ,I HAVE BE5 9DICT$ ON ! *>GE ( MURD]1 AS AN ACCOMPLICE OR ACCESSORY4 ,UPON ?IS 9DICTM5T ,I HAVE BE5 CONVICT$4 ,!RE WAS NO EVID5CE PRODUC$ BY ! ,/ATE TO %[ OR EV5 9DICATE ?AT ,I HAD ANY KN[L$GE ( ! MAN :O ?REW ! BOMB1 OR ?AT ,I MYSELF HAD ANY?+ TO DO ) ! ?R[+ ( ! MISSILE1 UNLESS1 ( C\RSE1 Y\ WEI<T ! TE/IMONY ( ! ACCOMPLICES ( ! ,/ATE'S ,ATTORNEY & ,BONFIELD1.<#a.> ! TE/IMONY ( ,?OMPSON & ,GILM]1 

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,IF !RE WAS NO EVID5CE TO %[ ?AT ,I WAS LEGALLY RESPONSIBLE = ! DE$1 !N MY CONVICTION & ! EXECUTION ( ! S5T5CE IS NO?+ LESS ?AN WILLFUL1 MALICI\S1 & DELIB]ATE MURD]1 AS F\L A MURD] AS MAY BE F\ND 9 ! ANNALS ( RELIGI\S1 POLITICAL1 OR ANY O!R SORT ( P]SECUTION4 ,!RE HAVE BE5 MANY JUDICIAL MURD]S COMMITT$ :]E ! REPRES5TATIVES ( ! ,/ATE W]E ACT+ 9 GOOD FAI?1 BELIEV+ !IR VICTIMS TO BE GUILTY ( ! *>GE ACCUS$ (4 ,9 ?IS CASE ! REPRES5TATIVES ( ! /ATE CANNOT %IELD !MSELVES ) A SIMIL> EXCUSE4 ,= !Y !MSELVES HAVE FABRICAT$ MO/ ( ! TE/IMONY :I* WAS US$ AS A PRET5SE TO CONVICT US2 TO CONVICT US BY A JURY PICK$ \T TO CONVICT6 ,BE=E ?IS C\RT1 & BE=E ! PUBLIC1 :I* IS SUPPOS$ TO BE ! ,/ATE1 ,I *>GE ! ,/ATE'S ,ATTORNEY & ,BONFIELD ) ! HE9\S 

,C,O,N,S,P,I,R,A,C,Y ,T,O ,C,O,M,M,I,T ,M,U,R,D,]4 

,I WILL /ATE A LITTLE 9CID5T :I* MAY ?R[ LI<T UPON ?IS *>GE4 ,ON ! EV5+ ON :I* ! ,PRETORIAN ,GU>DS ( ! ,CITIZ5'S ,ASSOCIATION1 ! ,BANK]S' ,ASSOCIATION1 ! ,ASSOCIATION ( ! ,BO>D ( ,TRADE M51 & ! RAILROAD PR9CES1 ATTACK$ ! MEET+ ( WORK+M5 ON ! ,HAYM>KET1 ) MURD]\S 9T5T--ON ?AT EV5+1 AB\T #h O'CLOCK1 ,I MET A Y\NG MAN1 ,LEGN] BY NAME1 :O IS A MEMB] ( ! ,AURORA ,TURN-,V]E94 ,HE ACCOMPANI$ ME1 & NEV] LEFT ME ON ?AT EV5+ UNTIL ,I JUMP$ FROM ! WAGON1 A FEW SECONDS BE=E ! EXPLOSION OCCURR$4 ,HE KNEW ?AT ,I HAD NOT SE5 ,S*WAB ON ?AT EV5+4 ,HE KNEW ?AT ,I HAD NO SU* CONV]SATION ) ANYBODY AS ,MR4 ,M>%AL ,FIELD'S PROTEGE1 ,?OMPSON1 TE/IFI$ TO4 ,HE KNEW ?AT ,I DID NOT JUMP FROM ! WAGON TO /RIKE ! MAT* & H& IT TO ! MAN :O ?REW ! BOMB4 ,HE IS NOT A ,SOCIALI/4 ,:Y DID WE NOT BR+ HIM ON ! /&8 ,BECAUSE ! HONORABLE REPRES5TATIVES ( ! ,/ATE1 ,GR9NELL .<#b.> & ,BONFIELD1 

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,!SE HONORABLE G5TLEM5 KNEW EV]Y?+ AB\T ,LEGN]4 ,!Y KNEW ?AT HIS TE/IMONY W\LD PROVE ! P]JURY ( ,?OMPSON & ,GILM] BEYOND ANY REASONABLE D\BT4 ,LEGN]'S NAME WAS ON ! LI/ ( WITNESSES = ! ,/ATE4 ,HE WAS NOT CALL$1 H[EV]1 = OBVI\S REASONS4 ,AYE1 HE /AT$ TO A NUMB] ( FRI5DS ?AT HE HAD BE5 (F]$ @s#e IF HE W\LD LEAVE ! CITY1 & ?REAT5$ ) DIREFUL ?+S IF HE REMA9$ H]E & APPE>$ AS A WITNESS = ! DEF5SE4 ,HE REPLI$ ?AT HE C\LD NEI!R BE B\<T NOR BULLDOZ$ TO S]VE SU* A DAMNABLE & DA/>DLY PLOT4 ,:5 WE WANT$ ,LEGN]1 HE C\LD NOT BE F\ND2 ,MR4 ,GR9NELL SAID-- 

,& ,M,R4 ,G,R,9,N,E,L,L ,I,S ,A,N ,H,O,N,O,R,A,B,L,E ,M,A,N6 .<#c.> 

?AT HE HAD HIMSELF BE5 SE>*+ = ! Y\NG MAN1 BUT HAD NOT BE5 ABLE TO F9D HIM4 ,AB\T ?REE WEEKS LAT] ,I LE>N$ ?AT ! V]Y SAME Y\NG MAN HAD BE5 KIDNAPP$ & TAK5 TO ,BUFFALO1 ,N4,Y4 BY TWO ( ! ILLU/RI\S GU>DIANS ( 0,LAW & ,ORD]10 TWO ,*ICAGO DETECTIVES4 ,LET ,MR4 ,GR9NELL1 LET ! ,CITIZ5S' ,ASSOCIATION1 HIS EMPLOY]1 LET !M ANSW] = ?IS6 ,& LET ! PUBLIC SIT 9 JUDGM5T UPON ! W\LD--BE ASSASS9S4 

,NO1 ,I REPEAT1 ! PROSECUTION HAS NOT E/ABLI%$ \R LEGAL GUILT4 ,NOT)/&+ ! PUR*AS$ & P]JUR$ TE/IMONY ( SOME1 & NOT)/&+ ! ORIG9ALITY 7S>CA/ICALLY7 ( ! PROCE$+S ( ?IS TRIAL4 ,& AS LONG AS ?IS HAS NOT BE5 DONE1 & Y\ PRON\NCE UPON US ! S5T5CE ( 

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ACT+ AS A JURY1 ,I SAY1 Y\1 ! ALLEG$ REPRES5TATIVES & HI< PRIE/S ( 0,LAW & ,ORD]10 >E ! REAL & ONLY LAW BREAK]S1 

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,IT IS WELL ?AT ! PEOPLE KN[ ?IS4 ,& :5 ,I SPEAK ( ! PEOPLE ,I DON'T MEAN ! FEW COCONSPIRATORS ( ,GR9NELL1 ! NOBLE PATRICIANS :O ?RIVE UPON ! MIS]Y ( ! MULTITUDES4 ,!SE DRONES MAY CON/ITUTE ! ,/ATE1 !Y MAY CONTROL ! ,/ATE1 !Y MAY HAVE !IR ,GR9NELLS1 !IR ,BONFIELDS1 !IR HIREL+S6 ,NO1 :5 ,I SPEAK ( ! PEOPLE ,I SPEAK ( ! GREAT MASS ( HUMAN BEES1 ! WORK+ PEOPLE1 :O UN=TUNATELY >E NOT YET CONSCI\S ( ! RASCALITIES ?AT >E P]PETRAT$ 9 ! 0NAME ( ! PEOPLE10--9 !IR NAME4 

,! CONTEMPLAT$ MURD] ( EI<T M51 :OSE ONLY CRIME IS ?AT !Y HAVE 

,D,>,$ ,T,O ,S,P,E,A,K ,! ,T,R,U,?1 

MAY OP5 ! EYES ( !SE SUFF]+ MILLIONS2 MAY WAKE !M UP4 ,9DE$1 ,I HAVE NOTIC$ ?AT \R CONVICTION HAS WORK$ MIRACLES 9 ?IS DIRECTION ALREADY4 ,! CLASS ?AT CLAMORS = \R LIVES1 ! GOOD1 DEV\T ,*RI/IANS1 HAVE ATTEMPT$ 9 EV]Y WAY1 ?R\< !IR NEWSPAP]S & O!RWISE1 TO CONCEAL ! TRUE & ONLY ISSUE 9 ?IS CASE4 ,BY SIMPLY DESIGNAT+ ! DEF5DANTS AS 0,AN>*I/S10 & PICTUR+ !M AS A NEWLY DISCOV]$ TRIBE OR SPECIES ( CANNIBALS1 & BY 9V5T+ %OCK+ & HORRIFY+ /ORIES ( D>K CONSPIRACIES SAID TO BE PLANN$ BY !M--!SE GOOD ,*RI/IANS ZEAL\SLY S\<T TO KEEP ! NAK$ FACT FROM ! WORK+ PEOPLE & O!R RI<TE\S P>TIES1 NAMELY3 ,?AT ON ! EV5+ ( ,MAY #d1 #b >M$ M51 UND] ! COMM& ( A NOTORI\S RUFFIAN1 

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,) :AT 9T5TION8 ,) ! 9T5TION ( MURD]+ !M1 OR AS MANY ( !M AS !Y C\LD4 ,I REF] TO ! TE/IMONY GIV5 BY TWO ( \R WITNESSES4 ,! WAGE-WORK]S ( ?IS CITY BEGAN TO OBJECT TO BE+ FLEEC$ TOO MU*--!Y BEGAN TO SAY SOME V]Y TRUE ?+S1 BUT !Y W]E HI<LY DISAGREEABLE TO !IR PATRICIAN CLASS2 !Y PUT =?--WELL1 SOME V]Y MODE/ DEM&S4 ,!Y ?\<T EI<T H\RS H>D TOIL A DAY = SC>CELY TWO H\RS' PAY WAS 5\<4 

,?,I,S ,L,A,W,L,E,S,S ,R,A,B,B,L,E ,H,A,D ,T,O ,B,E ,S,I,L,5,C,$6 

,! ONLY WAY TO SIL5CE !M WAS TO FRI<T5 !M1 & MURD] ?OSE :OM !Y LOOK$ UP TO AS !IR 0LEAD]S40 ,YES1 !SE =EIGN DOGS HAD TO BE TAU<T A LESSON1 SO ?AT !Y MI<T NEV] AGA9 9T]F]E ) ! HI<H&$ EXPLOITATION ( !IR B5EVOL5T & ,*RI/IAN MA/]S4 ,BONFIELD1 ! MAN :O W\LD BR+ A BLU% ( %AME TO ! MANAG]S ( ! ,B>?OLOMEW NI<T--,BONFIELD1 ! ILLU/RI\S G5TLEMAN ) A VISAGE ?AT W\LD HAVE DONE EXCELL5T S]VICE TO ,DORE 9 PORTRAY+ ,DANTE'S FI5DS ( HELL--,BONFIELD WAS ! MAN BE/ FITT$ TO CONSUMMATE ! 

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( \R PATRICIANS4 ,IF ,I HAD ?R[N ?AT BOMB1 OR HAD CAUS$ IT TO BE ?R[N1 OR HAD KN[N ( IT1 ,I W\LD NOT HESITATE A MOM5T TO /ATE SO4 ,IT IS TRUE A NUMB] ( LIVES W]E LO/--MANY W]E W\ND$4 ,BUT HUNDR$S ( LIVES W]E SAV$6 ,BUT = ?AT BOMB1 !RE W\LD HAVE BE5 A HUNDR$ WID[S & HUNDR$S ( ORPHANS :]E N[ !RE >E FEW4 ,!SE FACTS HAVE BE5 C>EFULLY SUPPRESS$1 & WE W]E ACCUS$ & CONVICT$ ( CONSPIRACY BY ! REAL CONSPIRATORS & !IR AG5TS4 ,?IS1 Y\R HONOR1 IS ONE REASON :Y S5T5CE %\LD NOT BE PASS$ BY A C\RT ( JU/ICE--IF ?AT NAME HAS ANY SIGNIFICANCE AT ALL4 

0,BUT10 SAYS ! ,/ATE1 0Y\ HAVE PUBLI%$ >TICLES ON ! MANUFACTURE ( DYNAMITE & BOMBS40 ,%[ ME A DAILY PAP] 9 ?IS CITY ?AT HAS NOT PUBLI%$ SIMIL> >TICLES6 ,I REMEMB] V]Y DI/9CTLY A LONG >TICLE 9 ! ,*ICAGO ,TRIBUNE ( ,FEBRU>Y #b#c1 #a#h#h#e4 ,! PAP] CONTA9$ A DESCRIPTION & DRAW+S ( DIFF]5T K9DS ( 9F]NAL MA*9ES & BOMBS4 ,I REMEMB] ?IS ONE ESPECIALLY1 BECAUSE ,I B\<T ! PAP] ON A RAILROAD TRA91 & HAD AMPLE TIME TO READ IT4 ,BUT S9CE ?AT TIME ! ,TIMES HAS (T5 PUBLI%$ SIMIL> >TICLES ON ! SUBJECT1 & SOME ( ! DYNAMITE >TICLES F\ND 9 ! ,>BEIT]-,ZEITUNG W]E TRANSLAT$ >TICLES FROM ! ,TIMES1 WRITT5 BY ,G5]ALS ,MOL9EUX & ,FITZJOHN ,PORT]1 9 :I* ! USE ( DYNAMITE BOMBS 

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IS ADVOCAT$ AS ! MO/ EFFECTIVE WEAPON AGA9/ !M4 ,MAY ,I LE>N :Y ! $ITORS ( !SE PAP]S HAVE NOT BE5 9DICT$ & CONVICT$ = MURD]8 ,IS IT BECAUSE !Y HAVE ADVOCAT$ ! USE ( ?IS DE/RUCTIVE AG5T ONLY AGA9/ ! COMMON RABBLE8 ,I SEEK 9=MATION4 ,:Y WAS ,MR4 ,/ONE ( ! ,NEWS NOT MADE A DEF5DANT 9 ?IS CASE8 ,9 HIS POSSESSION WAS F\ND A BOMB4 ,BESIDES ?AT ,MR4 ,/ONE PUBLI%$ AN >TICLE 9 ,JANU>Y :I* GAVE FULL 9=MATION REG>D+ ! MANUFACTURE ( BOMBS4 ,UPON ?IS 9=MATION ANY MAN C\LD PREP>E A BOMB READY = USE AT ! EXP5SE ( 

,N,O,T ,M,O,R,E ,?,A,N ,T,5 ,C,5,T,S4 

,! ,NEWS PROBABLY HAS T5 TIMES ! CIRCULATION ( ! ,>BEIT]-,ZEITUNG4 ,IS IT NOT LIKELY ?AT ! BOMB US$ ON ,MAY #d? WAS ONE MADE AFT] ! ,NEWS' PATT]N8 ,AS LONG AS !SE M5 >E NOT *>G$ ) MURD] & CONVICT$4 ,I 9SI/1 Y\R HONOR1 ?AT SU* DISCRIM9ATION 9 FAVOR ( CAPITAL IS 9COMPATIBLE ) JU/ICE1 & S5T5CE %\LD !RE=E NOT BE PASS$4 

,GR9NELL'S MA9 >GUM5T AGA9/ ! DEF5DANTS WAS 0!Y W]E =EIGN]S4 ,!Y >E NOT CITIZ5S40 ,I CANNOT SPEAK = O!RS4 ,I WILL ONLY SPEAK = MYSELF4 ,I HAVE BE5 A RESID5T ( ! ,/ATE FULLY AS LONG AS ,GR9NELL1 & PROBABLY HAVE BE5 AS GOOD A CITIZ5--AT LEA/1 ,I %\LD NOT WI% TO BE COMP>$ ) HIM4 

,GR9NELL HAS 9CESSANTLY APPEAL$ TO ! PATRIOTISM ( ! JURY4 ,TO ?AT ,I REPLY 9 ! LANGUAGE ( ,JOHNSON1 ! ,5GLI% LIT]ATEUR1 0PATRIOTISM IS ! 

,L,A,/ ,R,E,S,O,R,T ,( ,A ,S,C,\,N,D,R,E,L40 

,MY EF=TS 9 BEHALF ( ! DIS9H]IT$ & DISFRAN*IZ$ MILLIONS1 MY AGITATION 9 ?IS DIRECTION1 ! POPUL>IZATION ( ECONOMIC TEA*+S--9 %ORT1 ! $UCATION ( ! WAGE-WORK]S1 IS DECL>$ 0A CONSPIRACY AGA9/ SOCIETY40 ,! WORD 0SOCIETY0 IS H]E WISELY SUB/ITUT$ = 0! /ATE0 AS REPRES5T$ BY ! PATRICIANS ( TODAY4 ,IT HAS ALWAYS BE5 ! OP9ION ( ! RUL+ CLASSES ?AT 

,! ,P,E,O,P,L,E ,M,U,/ ,B,E ,K,E,P,T ,9 ,I,G,N,O,R,A,N,C,E1 

= !Y LOSE !IR S]VILITY1 !IR MODE/Y & !IR OB$I5CE TO ! P[]S ?AT BE1 A !IR 9TELLIG5CE 9CREASES4 ,! $UCATION ( A BLACK SLAVE A QU>T] ( A C5TURY AGO WAS A CRIM9AL (F5SE4 ,:Y8 ,BECAUSE ! 9TELLIG5T SLAVE W\LD ?R[ (F HIS %ACKLES AT :ATEV] CO/4 ,:Y IS ! $UCATION ( ! WORK+ PEOPLE ( TODAY LOOK$ UPON BY A C]TA9 CLASS AS AN (F5SE AGA9/ ! ,/ATE8 ,= ! SAME REASON6 ,! ,/ATE1 H[EV]1 WISELY AVOID$ ?IS PO9T 9 ! PROSECUTION ( ?IS CASE4 ,FROM !IR TE/IMONY ONE IS =C$ TO CONCLUDE ?AT WE HAD1 9 \R SPEE*ES & PUBLICATIONS1 PREA*$ NO?+ ELSE BUT DE/RUCTION & DYNAMITE4 ,! C\RT HAS ?IS MORN+ /AT$ ?AT !RE IS NO EASE 9 HI/ORY LIKE ?IS4 ,I HAVE NOTIC$1 DUR+ ?IS TRIAL1 ?AT ! G5TLEM5 ( ! LEGAL PR(ESSION >E NOT WELL V]S$ 9 HI/ORY4 ,9 ALL HI/ORICAL CASES ( ?IS K9D TRU? HAD TO BE P]V]T$ BY ! PRIE/S ( ! E/ABLI%$ P[] ?AT WAS NE>+ ITS 5D4 

,:AT HAVE WE SAID 9 \R SPEE*ES & PUBLICATIONS8 

,WE HAVE 9T]PRET$ TO ! PEOPLE !IR CONDITIONS & RELATIONS 9 SOCIETY4 ,WE HAVE EXPLA9$ TO !M ! DIFF]5T SOCIAL PH5OM5A & ! SOCIAL LAWS & CIRCUM/ANCES UND] :I* !Y OCCUR4 ,WE HAVE1 BY WAY ( SCI5TIFIC 9VE/IGATION1 9CONTROV]TIBLY PROV$ & BR\<T TO !IR KN[L$GE ?AT ! 

,S,Y,/,E,M ,( ,W,A,G,E,S ,I,S ,! ,R,O,O,T 

( ! PRES5T SOCIAL 9IQUITIES--9IQUITIES SO MON/R\S ?AT !Y CRY TO ,HEAV54 ,WE HAVE FUR!R SAID ?AT ! WAGE SY/EM1 AS A SPECIFIC =M ( SOCIAL DEVELOPM5T1 W\LD1 BY ! NECESSITY ( LOGIC1 HAVE TO MAKE ROOM = HI<] =MS ( CIVILIZATION2 ?AT ! WAGE SY/EM MU/ PREP>$ ! WAY & FURNI% ! F\NDATION = A SOCIAL SY/EM ( COOP]ATION--?AT IS1 ,SOCIALISM4 ,?AT :E!R ?IS OR ?AT !ORY1 ?IS OR ?AT S*EME REG>D+ FUTURE >RANGEM5TS W]E ACCEPT$ WAS NOT A MATT] ( *OICE1 BUT ONE ( HI/ORICAL NECESSITY1 & ?AT TO US ! T5D5CY ( PROGRESS SEEM$ TO BE ,AN>*ISM--?AT IS1 A FREE SOCIETY ( SOV]EIGNS 9 :I* ! LIB]TY & ECONOMIC EQUALITY ( ALL W\LD FURNI% AN UN%AKABLE EQUILIBRIUM AS A F\NDATION & CONDITION ( NATURAL ORD]4 

,IT IS NOT LIKELY ?AT ! HONORABLE ,BONFIELD & ,GR9NELL CAN CONCEIVE ( A SOCIAL ORD] NOT HELD 9TACT BY ! POLICEMAN'S CLUB & PI/OL1 NOR ( A FREE SOCIETY )\T PRISONS1 GALL[S1 & ,/ATE'S ATTORNEYS4 ,9 SU* A SOCIETY !Y PROBABLY 

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,& ?IS IS ! REASON :Y ,AN>*ISM IS SU* A 0P]NICI\S & DAMNABLE DOCTR9E80 

,GR9NELL HAS 9TIMAT$ TO US ?AT ,AN>*ISM WAS ON TRIAL4 ,! !ORY ( AN>*ISM BELONGS TO ! REALM ( SPECULATIVE PHILOSOPHY4 ,!RE WAS NOT A SYLLABLE SAID AB\T ,AN>*ISM AT ! ,HAYM>KET MEET+4 ,AT ?AT MEET+ ! V]Y POPUL> !ME ( R$UC+ ! H\RS ( TOIL WAS DISCUSS$4 ,BUT1 0,AN>*ISM IS ON TRIAL60 FOAMS ,MR4 ,GR9NELL4 ,IF ?AT IS ! CASE1 Y\R HONOR1 V]Y WELL2 Y\ MAY S5T5CE ME1 = ,I AM AN ,AN>*I/4 ,I BELIEVE ) ,BUCKLE1 ) ,PA9E1 ,JEFF]SON1 ,EM]SON1 & ,SP5C]1 & MANY O!R GREAT ?9K]S ( ?IS C5TURY1 ?AT ! /ATE ( CA/ES & CLASSES--! /ATE :]E ONE CLASS DOM9ATES OV] & LIVES UPON ! LABOR ( ANO!R CLASS1 & CALLS ?IS ORD]--YES2 ,I BELIEVE ?AT ?IS B>B>IC =M ( SOCIAL ORGANIZATION1 ) ITS LEGALIZ$ PLUND] & MURD]1 IS DOOM$ TO DIE1 & MAKE ROOM = A FREE SOCIETY1 VOLUNT>Y ASSOCIATION1 OR UNIV]SAL BRO!RHOOD1 IF Y\ LIKE4 ,Y\ MAY PRON\NCE ! S5T5CE UPON ME1 HONORABLE JUDGE1 BUT LET ! WORLD KN[ ?AT 9 ,A4,D4 #a#h#h#f1 9 ! ,/ATE ( ,ILL9OIS1 EI<T M5 W]E S5T5C$ TO DEA?1 

,B,E,C,A,U,S,E ,!,Y ,B,E,L,I,E,V,$ ,9 ,A ,B,E,T,T,] ,F,U,T,U,R,E2 

BECAUSE !Y HAD NOT LO/ !IR FAI? 9 ! ULTIMATE VICTORY ( LIB]TY & JU/ICE6 0,Y\ HAVE TAU<T ! DE/RUCTION ( SOCIETY & CIVILIZATION10 SAYS ! TOOL & AG5T ( ! ,BANK]S' & ,CITIZ5S' ,ASSOCIATION1 ,GR9NELL4 ,?AT MAN HAS YET TO LE>N :AT CIVILIZATION IS4 ,IT IS ! OLD1 OLD >GUM5T AGA9/ HUMAN PROGRESS4 ,READ ! HI/ORY ( ,GREECE1 ( ,ROME2 READ ?AT ( ,V5ICE2 LOOK OV] ! D>K PAGES ( ! *UR*1 & FOLL[ ! ?ORNY PA? ( SCI5CE4 0,NO *ANGE6 ,NO ,*ANGE6 ,Y\ W\LD DE/ROY SOCIETY & CIVILIZATION60 HAS BE5 ! CRY ( ! RUL+ CLASSES4 ,!Y >E SO COM=TABLY SITUAT$ UND] ! PREVAIL+ SY/EM ?AT !Y NATURALLY ABHOR & FE> EV5 ! SLI<TE/ *ANGE4 ,!IR PRIVILEGES >E AS DE> TO !M AS LIFE ITSELF1 & EV]Y *ANGE ?REAT5$ !SE PRIVILEGES4 ,BUT CIVILIZATION IS A LADD] :OSE /EPS >E MONUM5TS ( SU* *ANGES6 ,)\T !SE SOCIAL *ANGES--ALL BR\<T AB\T AGA9/ ! WILL & ! =CE ( ! RUL+ CLASSES--!RE W\LD BE NO CIVILIZATION4 ,AS TO ! DE/RUCTION ( SOCIETY :I* WE HAVE BE5 ACCUS$ ( SEEK+1 S\NDS ?IS NOT LIKE ONE ( ,ESOP'S FABLES--LIKE ! CUNN+ ( ! FOX8 ,WE1 :O HAVE JEOP>DIZ$ \R LIVES TO SAVE SOCIETY FROM ! FI5D--! FI5D :O HAS GRIPP$ H] BY ! ?ROAT2 :O SUCKS H] LIFE-BLOOD1 :O DEV\RS H] *ILDR5--WE1 :O W\LD HEAL H] BLE$+ W\NDS1 :O W\LD FREE H] FROM ! FETT]S Y\ HAVE WR\<T >\ND H]2 FROM ! MIS]Y Y\ HAVE BR\<T UPON H]--WE H] 5EMIES66 

,HONORABLE ,JUDGE1 ! 

,D,E,M,O,N,S ,( ,H,E,L,L ,W,I,L,L ,J,O,9 ,9 ,! ,L,A,U,<,T,] 

?IS IRONY PROVOKES6 

,WE HAVE PREA*$ DYNAMITE4 ,YES1 WE HAVE PR$ICT$ FROM ! LESSONS HI/ORY TEA*ES1 ?AT ! RUL+ CLASSES ( TODAY W\LD NO MORE LI/5 TO ! VOICE ( REASON ?AN !IR PR$ECESSORS2 ?AT !Y W\LD ATTEMPT BY BRUTE =CE TO /AY ! :EEL ( PROGRESS4 ,IS IT A LIE1 OR WAS IT ! TRU? WE TOLD8 ,>E NOT ALREADY ! L>GE 9DU/RIES ( ?IS ONCE FREE C\NTRY CONDUCT$ UND] ! SURVEILLANCE ( ! POLICE1 ! DETECTIVES1 ! MILIT>Y1 & ! %]IFFS--& IS ?IS RETURN TO MILITANCY NOT DEVELOP+ FROM DAY TO DAY8 ,AM]ICAN SOV]EIGNS--?9K ( IT--WORK+ 

,L,I,K,E ,! ,G,A,L,L,Y ,C,O,N,V,I,C,T,S 

UND] MILIT>Y GU>DS6 ,WE HAVE PR$ICT$ ?IS1 & PR$ICT ?AT SOON !SE CONDITIONS WILL GR[ UNBE>ABLE4 ,:AT !N8 ,! M&ATE ( ! FEUDAL LORDS ( \R TIME IS SLAV]Y1 />VATION1 & DEA?6 ,?IS HAS BE5 !IR PROGRAM = ! PA/ YE>S4 ,WE HAVE SAID TO ! TOIL]S1 ?AT SCI5CE HAS P5ETRAT$ ! MY/]Y ( NATURE--?AT FROM ,JOVE'S HEAD ONCE MORE 

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,IF ?IS DECL>ATION IS SYNONYM\S ) MURD]1 :Y NOT *>GE ?OSE ) ! CRIME TO :OM WE [E ! 9V5TION8 ,TO *>GE US ) AN ATTEMPT TO OV]?R[ ! PRES5T SY/EM ON OR AB\T ,MAY #d? BY =CE1 & !N E/ABLI% ,AN>*Y1 IS TOO ABSURD A /ATEM5T1 ,I ?9K1 EV5 = A POLITICAL (FICE-HOLD] TO MAKE4 ,IF ,GR9NELL BELIEV$ ?AT WE ATTEMPT$ SU* A ?+1 :Y DID HE NOT HAVE ,DR4 ,BLU?>DT MAKE AN 9QUIRY AS TO \R SANITY8 ,ONLY MAD M5 C\LD HAVE PLANN$ SU* A BRILLIANT S*EME1 & MAD PEOPLE CANNOT BE 9DICT$ OR CONVICT$ ( MURD]4 ,IF !RE HAD EXI/$ ANY?+ LIKE A CONSPIRACY OR A PRE->RANGEM5T1 DOES Y\R HONOR BELIEVE ?AT EV5TS W\LD NOT HAVE TAK5 A DIFF]5T C\RSE ?AN !Y DID ON ?AT EV5+ & LAT]8 ,?IS 0CONSPIRACY0 NONS5SE IS BAS$ UPON AN ORATION ,I DELIV]$ ON ! ANNIV]S>Y ( ,WA%+TON'S BIR?DAY AT ,GR& ,RAPIDS1 ,MI*41 MORE ?AN A YE> & A HALF AGO4 ,I HAD BE5 9VIT$ BY ! ,KNI<TS ( ,LABOR = ?AT PURPOSE4 ,I DWELT UPON ! FACT ?AT \R C\NTRY WAS F> FROM BE+ :AT ! GREAT REVOLUTIONI/S ( LA/ C5TURY HAD 9T5D$ IT TO BE4 ,I SAID ?AT ?OSE M5 IF !Y LIV$ TODAY W\LD CLEAN ! ,AUGEAN /ABLES ) IRON BROOMS1 & ?AT !Y1 TOO1 W\LD UND\BT$LY BE *>ACT]IZ$ AS 0WILD ,SOCIALI/S40 ,IT IS NOT UNLIKELY ?AT ,I SAID 

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= TREASON IF ! REVOLUTION HAD FAIL$4 ,GR9NELL MADE ?IS 0SACRILEGI\S REM>K0 HIS MA9 >R[ AGA9/ ME4 ,:Y8 ,BECAUSE HE 9T5D$ TO 9VEI< ! KN[-NO?+ SPIRIT AGA9/ ME4 ,:Y8 ,BUT :O WILL D5Y !Y CORRECTNESS ( ! /ATEM5T8 ,?AT ,I %\LD HAVE COMP>$ MYSELF ) ,WA%+TON1 IS A BASE LIE4 ,BUT IF ,I HAD1 W\LD ?AT BE MURD]8 ,I MAY HAVE TOLD ?AT 9DIVIDUAL :O APPE>$ H]E AS A WITNESS ?AT ! WORK+M5 %\LD PROCURE >MS1 AS =CE W\LD 9 ALL PROBABILITY BE ! ULTIMATE RATIO2 & ?AT 9 ,*ICAGO !RE W]E SO & SO MANY >M$1 BUT ,I C]TA9LY DID NOT SAY ?AT WE PROPOS$ TO 09AUGURATE ! SOCIAL REVOLUTION40 ,& LET ME SAY H]E3 ,REVOLUTIONS >E NO MORE MADE ?AN E>?QUAKES & CYCLONES4 ,REVOLUTIONS >E ! EFFECT ( C]TA9 CAUSES & CONDITIONS4 ,I HAVE MADE SOCIAL PHILOSOPHY A SPECIFIC /UDY = MORE ?AN T5 YE>S1 & ,I C\LD NOT HAVE GIV5 V5T TO SU* NONS5SE6 ,I DO BELIEVE1 H[EV]1 ?AT ! REVOLUTION IS NE> AT H&--9 FACT1 IT IS UPON US4 ,BUT IS ! PHYSICIAN RESPONSIBLE = ! DEA? ( ! PATI5T BECAUSE HE =ETOLD ?AT DEA?8 ,IF ANYONE IS TO BE BLAM$ = ! COM+ REVOLUTION IT IS ! RUL+ CLASS :O /EADILY REFUS$ TO MAKE CONCESSIONS AS RE=MS BECAME NECESS>Y2 :O MA9TA9 ?AT !Y CAN CALL A HALT TO PROGRESS1 & DICTATE A /&-/ILL TO ! ET]NAL =CES1 ( :I* !Y !MSELVES >E BUT ! :IMSICAL CREATION4 

,! POSITION G5]ALLY TAK5 9 ?IS CASE IS ?AT WE >E MORALLY RESPONSIBLE = ! POLICE RIOT ON ,MAY #d?4 ,F\R OR FIVE YE>S AGO ,I SAT 9 ?IS V]Y C\RT ROOM AS A WITNESS4 ,! WORK+ M5 HAD BE5 TRY+ TO OBTA9 R$RESS 9 A LAWFUL MANN]4 ,!Y HAD VOT$1 & AMONG O!RS1 HAD ELECT$ !IR ,ALD]MANIC1 C&IDATE FROM ! ,F\RTE5? ,W>D4 ,BUT ! /REET C> COMPANY DID NOT LIKE ?AT MAN4 ,& TWO ( ! ?REE ELECTION JUDGES ( ONE PREC9CT1 KN[+ ?IS1 TOOK ! BALLOT BOX TO !IR HOME & 0CORRECT$0 ! ELECTION RETURNS1 SO AS TO *EAT ! CON/ITU5TS ( ! ELECT$ C&IDATE ( !IR RI<TFUL REPRES5TATIVE1 & GIVE ! REPRES5TATION TO 

,! ,B,5,E,V,O,L,5,T ,/,R,E,E,T ,C,> ,M,O,N,O,P,O,L,Y4 

,! WORK+M5 SP5T @s#a1#e 9 ! PROSECUTION ( ! P]PETRATORS ( ?IS CRIME4 ,! PRO( AGA9/ !M WAS SO OV]:ELM+ ?AT !Y CONFESS$ TO HAV+ FALSIFI$ ! RETURNS & =G$ ! (FICIAL DOCUM5TS4 ,JUDGE ,G>DN]1 :O WAS PRESID+ 9 ?IS C\RT1 ACQUITT$ !M1 /AT+ ?AT 0?AT ACT HAD APP>5TLY NOT BE5 PROMPT$ BY CRIM9AL 9T5T40 ,I WILL MAKE NO COMM5T4 ,BUT :5 WE APPROA* ! FIELD ( MORAL RESPONSIBILITY1 IT HAS AN IMM5SE SCOPE6 ,EV]Y MAN :O HAS 9 ! PA/ ASSI/$ 9 ?W>T+ ! EF=TS ( ?OSE SEEK+ RE=M IS RESPONSIBLE = ! EXI/5CE ( ! REVOLUTIONI/S 9 ?IS CITY TODAY6 ,?OSE1 H[EV]1 :O HAVE S\<T TO BR+ AB\T RE=MS MU/ BE EXEMPT$ FROM ! RESPONSIBILITY--& TO !SE ,I BELONG4 

,IF ! V]DICT IS BAS$ UPON ! ASSUMPTION ( MORAL RESPONSIBILITY1 Y\R HONOR1 ,I GIVE ?IS AS A REASON :Y S5T5CE %\LD NOT BE PASS$4 

,IF ! OP9ION ( ! C\RT GIV5 ?IS MORN+ IS GOOD LAW1 !N !RE IS NO P]SON 9 ?IS C\NTRY :O C\LD NOT LAWFULLY BE HANG$4 ,I V\* ?AT1 UPON ! V]Y LAWS Y\ HAVE READ1 !RE IS NO P]SON 9 ?IS C\RTROOM N[ :O C\LD NOT BE 0FAIRLY1 IMP>TIALLY & LAWFULLY0 HANG$6 ,F\*E1 ,NAPOLEON'S RI<T B[]1 ONCE SAID TO HIS MA/]3 0,GIVE ME A L9E ?AT ANY ONE MAN HAS EV] WRITT51 & ,I WILL BR+ HIM TO ! SCAFFOLD40 ,& ?IS C\RT HAS DONE ESS5TIALLY ! SAME4 ,UPON ?AT LAW EV]Y P]SON 9 ?IS C\NTRY CAN BE 9DICT$ = CONSPIRACY1 &1 AS ! CASE MAY BE1 = MURD]4 ,EV]Y MEMB] ( A TRADE UNION1 ,KNI<T ( ,LABOR1 OR ANY O!R LABOR ORGANIZATION1 CAN ?AN BE CONVICT$ ( CONSPIRACY1 & 9 CASES ( VIOL5CE1 = :I* !Y MAY NOT BE RESPONSIBLE AT ALL1 ( MURD]1 AS WE HAVE BE54 ,?IS PREC$5T ONCE E/ABLI%$1 & Y\ =CE ! MASSES :O >E N[ AGITAT+ 9 A PEACEABLE WAY 9TO OP5 REBELLION6 ,Y\ !REBY %UT (F ! LA/ SAFETY VALVE--& ! BLOOD :I* WILL BE %$1 ! BLOOD ( ! 9NOC5T--IT WILL COME UPON Y\R HEADS6 

0,SEV5 POLICEM5 HAVE DI$10 SAID ,GR9NELL1 SUGGE/IVELY W9K+ AT ! JURY4 ,Y\ WANT A LIFE = A LIFE1 & HAVE CONVICT$ AN EQUAL NUMB] ( M51 ( :OM IT CANNOT BE TRU?FULLY SAID ?AT !Y HAD ANY?+ :ATSOEV] TO DO ) ! KILL+ ( ,BONFIELD'S VICTIMS4 ,! V]Y SAME PR9CIPLE ( JURISPRUD5CE WE F9D AMONG V>I\S SAVAGE TRIBES4 ,9JURIES AMONG !M >E EQUALIZ$1 SO TO SPEAK4 ,! ,*9OOKS & ! ,>ABS1 = 9/ANCE1 W\LD DEM& ! LIFE ( AN 5EMY = EV]Y DEA? ?AT !Y HAD SUFF]$ AT !IR 5EMY'S H&S4 ,!Y W]E NOT P>TICUL> 9 REG>D TO ! P]SONS1 JU/ SO LONG AS !Y HAD A LIFE = A LIFE4 ,?IS PR9CIPLE ALSO PREVAILS TODAY AMONG ! NATIVES ( ! ,S&WI* ,ISL&S4 ,IF WE >E TO BE HANG$ ON ?IS PR9CIPLE ?AN LET US KN[ IT1 & LET ! WORLD KN[ :AT A 

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IT IS :I* ! ,G\LDS1 ! ,V&]BILTS1 ! ,/AN=DS1 ! ,FIELDS1 ,>MORS1 .<#d.> & O!R LOCAL MONEY HAM/]S HAVE COME TO ! RESCUE ( LIB]TY & JU/ICE6 

,GR9NELL HAS REPEAT$LY /AT$ ?AT \R C\NTRY IS AN 5LI<T5$ C\NTRY1 7,S>CA/ICALLY47 ,! V]DICT FULLY CORROBORATES ! ASS]TION6 ,! V]DICT AGA9/ US IS 

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OV] !IR DESPOIL$ VICTIMS--! VA/ >MY ( WAGE WORK]S & F>M]S4 ,IF Y\R HONOR W\LD NOT HAVE !SE PEOPLE BELIEVE ?IS2 IF Y\ W\LD NOT HAVE !M BELIEVE ?AT WE HAVE ONCE MORE >RIV$ AT ! ,SP>TAN ,S5ATE1 ! ,A!NIAN ,>EOPAGUS1 ! ,V5ETIAN ,C\NCIL ( ,T51 ETC41 !N S5T5CE %\LD NOT BE PRON\NC$4 ,BUT1 IF Y\ ?9K ?AT BY HANG+ US1 Y\ CAN /AMP \T ! LABOR MOVEM5T--! MOVEM5T FROM :I* ! D[NTRODD5 MILLIONS1 ! MILLIONS :O TOIL & LIVE 9 WANT & MIS]Y--! WAGE SLAVES--EXCEPT SALVATION--IF ?IS IS Y\R OP9ION1 !N HANG US6 ,H]E WE WILL TREAD UPON A SP>K1 BUT !RE1 & !RE1 & BEH9D Y\ & 9 FRONT ( Y\1 & EV]Y:]E1 FLAMES WILL BLAZE UP4 ,IT IS A SUBT]RANEAN FIRE4 Y\ CANNOT PUT IT \T4 

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UPON :I* Y\ /&4 ,Y\ CAN'T UND]/& IT4 ,Y\ DON'T BELIEVE 9 MAGICAL >TS1 AS Y\R GR&FA!RS DID1 :O BURN$ WIT*ES AT ! /AKE1 BUT Y\ DO BELIEVE 9 CONSPIRACIES2 Y\ BELIEVE ?AT ALL !SE OCCURR5CES ( LATE >E ! WORK ( CONSPIRATORS6 ,Y\ RESEMBLE ! *ILD ?AT IS LOOK+ = HIS PICTURE BEH9D ! MIRROR4 ,:AT Y\ SEE1 & :AT Y\ TRY TO GRASP IS NO?+ BUT ! DECEPTIVE REFLEX ( ! /+S ( Y\R BAD CONSCI5CE4 ,Y\ WANT TO 0/AMP \T ! CONSPIRATORS0--! 0AGITATORS80 ,AH1 /AMP \T EV]Y FACTORY LORD :O HAS GR[N WEAL?Y UPON ! UNPAID LABOR ( HIS EMPLOYES4 ,/AMP \T EV]Y L&LORD :O HAS AMASS$ =TUNES FROM ! R5T ( OV]BURD5$ WORK+M5 & F>M]S4 /AMP \T EV]Y MA*9E ?AT IS REVOLUTIONIZ+ 9DU/RY & AGRICULTURE1 ?AT 9T5SIFIES ! PRODUCTION1 RU9S ! PRODUC]1 ?AT 9CREASES ! NATIONAL WEAL?1 :ILE ! CREATOR ( ALL !SE ?+S /&S AMID !M1 TANTALIZ$ ) HUNG]6 ,/AMP \T ! RAILROADS1 ! TELEGRAPH1 ! TELEPHONE1 /EAM & Y\RSELVES--= 

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,Y\1 G5TLEM51 >E ! REVOLUTIONI/S6 ,Y\ REBEL AGA9/ ! EFFECTS ( SOCIAL CONDITIONS :I* HAVE TOSS$ Y\1 BY ! FAIR H& ( ,=TUNE1 9TO A MAGNIFIC5T P>ADISE4 ,)\T 9QUIR+1 Y\ IMAG9E ?AT NO ONE ELSE HAS A RI<T 9 ?AT PLACE4 ,Y\ 9SI/ ?AT Y\ >E ! *OS5 ONES1 ! SOLE PROPRIETORS4 ,! =CES ?AT TOSS$ Y\ 9TO ! P>ADISE1 ! 9DU/RIAL =CES1 >E /ILL AT WORK4 ,!Y >E GR[+ MORE ACTIVE & 9T5SE FROM DAY TO DAY4 ,!IR T5D5CY IS TO ELEVATE ALL MANK9D TO ! SAME LEVEL1 TO HAVE ALL HUMANITY 

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,Y\1 9 Y\R BL9DNESS1 ?9K Y\ CAN /OP ! TIDAL WAVE ( CIVILIZATION & HUMAN EMANCIPATION BY PLAC+ A FEW POLICEM51 A FEW GATL+ GUNS1 & SOME REGIM5TS ( MILITIA ON ! %ORE--Y\ ?9K Y\ CAN FRI<T5 ! RIS+ WAVES BACK 9TO ! UNFA?OMABLE DEP?S1 :5CE !Y HAVE >IS51 BY ]ECT+ A FEW GALL[S 9 ! P]SPECTIVE4 ,Y\1 :O OPPOSE ! NATURAL C\RSE ( ?+S1 Y\ >E ! REAL REVOLUTIONI/S4 ,Y\ & Y\ ALONE >E ! CONSPIRATORS & DE/RUCTIONI/S6 

,SAID ! C\RT YE/]DAY1 9 REF]R+ TO ! ,BO>D ( ,TRADE DEMON/RATION3 0,!SE M5 />T$ \T ) ! EXPRESS PURPOSE ( SACK+ ! ,BO>D ( ,TRADE BUILD+40 ,:ILE ,I CAN'T SEE :AT S5SE !RE W\LD HAVE BE5 9 SU* AN UND]TAK+1 & :ILE ,I KN[ ?AT ! SAID DEMON/RATION WAS >RANG$ SIMPLY AS A MEANS ( PROPAG&A AGA9/ ! SY/EM ?AT LEGALIZES ! RESPECTABLE BUS9ESS C>RI$ ON !RE1 ,I WILL ASSUME ?AT ! ?REE ?\S& WORK+M5 :O M>*$ 9 ?AT PROCESSION REALLY 9T5D$ TO SACK ! BUILD+4 ,9 ?IS CASE !Y W\LD HAVE DIFF]$ FROM ! RESPECTABLE ,BO>D ( ,TRADE M5 ONLY 9 ?IS--?AT !Y S\<T TO RECOV] PROP]TY 9 AN UNLAWFUL WAY1 :ILE ! O!RS 

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LAWFULLY & UNLAWFULLY--?IS BE+ !IR HI<LY RESPECTABLE PR(ESSION4 ,?IS C\RT ( 0JU/ICE & EQUITY0 PROCLAIMS ! PR9CIPLE ?AT :5 TWO P]SONS DO ! SAME ?+1 IT IS NOT ! SAME ?+4 ,I ?ANK ! C\RT = ?IS CONFESSION4 ,IT CONTA9S ALL ?AT WE HAVE TAU<T & :I* WE >E TO BE HANG$1 9 A NUT %ELL6 ,!FT IS A RESPECTABLE PR(ESSION :5 PRACTIC$ BY ! PRIVILEG$ CLASS4 ,IT IS A FELONY :5 RESORT$ TO 9 SELF PRES]VATION BY ! O!R CLASS4 ,RAP9E & PILLAGE >E ! ORD] ( A C]TA9 CLASS ( G5TLEM5 :O F9D ?IS MODE ( E>N+ A LIVELIHOOD EASI] & PREF]ABLE TO HONE/ LABOR--?IS IS ! K9D ( ORD] WE HAVE ATTEMPT$1 & >E N[ TRY+1 & WILL TRY AS LONG AS WE LIVE TO DO AWAY )4 ,LOOK UPON ! ECONOMIC BATTLE FIELDS6 ,BEHOLD ! C>NAGE & PLUND] ( ! ,*RI/IAN PATRICIANS6 ,ACCOMPANY ME TO ! QU>T]S ( ! WEAL?-CREATORS 9 ?IS CITY4 ,GO ) ME TO ! HALF-/>V$ M9]S ( ,HOCK+ ,VALLEY4 ,LOOK AT ! P>IAHS 9 ! ,MONONGAHELA ,VALLEY1 & MANY O!R M9+ DI/RICTS 9 ?IS C\NTRY1 OR PASS ALONG ! RAILROADS ( ?AT GREAT & MO/ ORD]LY & LAW-ABID+ CITIZ51 ,JAY ,G\LD4 ,& !N TELL ME :E!R ?IS ORD] HAS 9 IT ANY MORAL PR9CIPLE = :I* IT %\LD BE PRES]V$4 ,I SAY ?AT ! 

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IS MURD]\S4 ,IT MEANS ! PRES]VATION ( ! SY/EMATIC DE/RUCTION ( *ILDR5 & WOM5 9 FACTORIES4 ,IT MEANS ! PRES]VATION ( 5=C$ IDL5ESS ( L>GE >MIES ( M51 & !IR DEGRADATION4 ,IT MEANS ! PRES]VATION ( 9TEMP]ANCE1 & SEXUAL AS WELL AS 9TELLECTUAL PRO/ITUTION4 ,IT MEANS ! PRES]VATION ( MIS]Y1 WANT1 & S]VILITY ON ONE H&1 & ! DANG]\S ACCUMULATION ( SPOILS1 IDL5ESS1 VOLUPTU\SNESS & TYRANNY ON ! O!R4 ,IT MEANS ! 

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,& LA/ BUT NOT LEA/1 IT MEANS ! PRES]VATION ( ! CLASS /RUGGLE1 ( /RIKES1 RIOTS & BLOOD%$4 ,?AT IS Y\R 0ORD]10 G5TLEM52 ,YES1 & IT IS WOR?Y ( Y\ TO BE ! *AMPIONS ( SU* AN ORD]4 ,Y\ >E EM95TLY FITT$ = ?AT ROLE4 ,Y\ HAVE MY COMPLIM5TS6 

,GR9NELL SPOKE ( ,VICTOR ,HUGO4 ,I NE$ NOT REPEAT MYSELF :AT HE SAID1 BUT WILL ANSW] HIM 9 ! LANGUAGE ( ONE ( \R ,G]MAN PHILOSOPH]S3 0,\R ,B\RGEOISIE ]ECTS MONUM5TS 9 HONOR ( ! MEMORY ( ! CLASSICS4 ,IF !Y HAD READ !M !Y W\LD BURN !M60 ,:Y1 AMONG ! >TICLES READ H]E FROM ! ,>BEIT]-,ZEITUNG1 PUT 9 EVID5CE BY ! ,/ATE1 BY :I* !Y 9T5D TO CONV9CE ! JURY ( ! DANG]\S *>ACT] ( ! ACCUS$ AN>*I/S1 IS AN EXTRACT FROM ,GOE!'S ,FAU/1 

0,ES ]B5 SI* ,GES]TZ UND ,RE*TE1 

,WE E9E EW'GE ,KRANKHEIT =T10 ETC4 

70,LAWS & CLASS PRIVILEGES >E TRANSMITT$ LIKE AN H]$IT>Y DISEASE407 ,& ,MR4 ,+HAM 9 HIS SPEE* TOLD ! ,*RI/IAN JURORS ?AT \R COMRADES1 ! ,P>IS COMMUNI/S1 HAD 9 #a#h#g#a1 DE?RON$ ,GOD1 ! ,ALMI<TY1 & HAD PUT UP 9 HIS PLACE A L[ PRO/ITUTE4 ,! EFFECT WAS M>VEL\S6 ,! 

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,I WI% Y\R HONOR W\LD 9=M ! LE>N$ G5TLEM5 ?AT ! EPISODE RELAT$ OCCURR$ 9 ,P>IS NE>LY A C5TURY AGO1 & ?AT ! SACRILEGI\S P]PETRATORS W]E ! CONTEMPOR>IES ( ! F\ND]S ( ! ,REPUBLIC--& AMONG !M WAS ,?OMAS ,PA9E4 .<#e.>  ,NOR WAS ! WOMAN A PRO/ITUTE1 BUT A GOOD CITOY5NE DE ,P>IS1 :O S]V$ ON ?AT OCCASION SIMPLY AS AN ALLEGORY ( ! GODDESS ( REASON4 

,REF]R+ TO ,MO/'S LETT]1 READ H]E1 ,MR4 ,+HAM SAID3 0,!Y10 MEAN+ ,MO/ & MYSELF1 0,!Y MI<T HAVE DE/ROY$ ?\S&S ( 9NOC5T LIVES 9 ! ,HOCK+ ,VALLEY ) ?AT DYNAMITE40 ,I HAVE SAID ALL ,I KN[ AB\T ! LETT] ON ! WITNESS /&1 BUT WILL ADD ?AT TWO YE>S AGO ,I W5T ?R\< ! ,HOCK+ ,VALLEY AS A CORRESPOND5T4 ,:ILE !RE ,I SAW HUNDR$S ( LIVES 9 ! PROCESS ( SL[ DE/RUCTION1 GRADUAL DE/RUCTION4 ,!RE WAS NO DYNAMITE1 NOR W]E !Y ,AN>*I/S :O DID ?AT DIABOLICAL WORK4 ,IT WAS ! WORK ( A P>TY ( 

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LAW-ABID+ CITIZ5S1 IF Y\ PLEASE4 ,IT IS NE$LESS TO SAY ! MURD]]S W]E NEV] 9DICT$4 ,! PRESS HAD LITTLE TO SAY1 & ! ,/ATE ( ,OHIO ASSI/$ !M4 ,:AT A T]ROR IT W\LD HAVE CREAT$ IF ! VICTIMS ( ?IS DIABOLICAL PLOT HAD RES5T$ & BL[N SOME ( ?OSE RESPECTABLE CUT-?ROATS TO ATOMS4 ,:51 9 ,EA/ ,/4 ,L\IS1 ,JAY ,G\LD'S HIREL+S1 0! M5 ( GRIT10 %OT D[N 9 COLD BLOOD & KILL$ SIX 9(F5SIVE WORK+M5 & WOM51 !RE WAS LITTLE SAID1 & ! GR& JURY REFUS$ TO 9DICT ! G5TLEM54 ,IT WAS ! SAME WAY 9 ,*ICAGO1 ,MILWAUKEE1 & O!R PLACES4 ,A ,*ICAGO FURNITURE MANUFACTUR] %OT D[N & S]I\SLY W\ND$ TWO /RIK+ WORK+M5 LA/ SPR+4 ,HE WAS HELD OV] TO ! GR& JURY4 ,! GR& JURY 

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,BUT :51 ON ONE OCCASION1 A WORK+MAN 9 SELF DEF5SE RESI/$ ! MURD]\S ATTEMPT ( ! POLICE & ?REW A BOMB1 & = ONCE BLOOD FL[$ ON ! O!R SIDE1 !N A T]RIFIC H[L W5T UP FROM ! L&3 0,CONSPIRACY HAS ATTACK$ VE/$ RI<TS60 ,& EI<T VICTIMS >E DEM&$ = IT4 ,!RE HAS BE5 MU* SAID AB\T ! PUBLIC S5TIM5T4 ,!RE HAS BE5 MU* SAID AB\T ! PUBLIC CLAMOR4 ,:Y1 IT IS A FACT1 ?AT NO CITIZ5 D>$ EXPRESS ANO!R OP9ION ?AN ?AT PRESCRIB$ BY ! AU?ORITIES ( ! ,/ATE1 = IF ONE HAD DONE O!RWISE1 HE W\LD HAVE BE5 LOCK$ UP2 HE MI<T HAVE BE5 S5T TO ! GALL[S TO SW+1 AS !Y WILL HAVE ! PLEASURE ( DO+ ) US1 IF ! DECREE ( \R 0HONORABLE C\RT0 IS CONSUMMAT$4 

0,!SE M510 ,GR9NELL SAID REPEAT$LY1 0HAVE NO PR9CIPLES2 !Y >E COMMON MURD]]S1 ASSASS9S1 ROBB]S10 ETC4 ,I ADMIT ?AT \R ASPIRATIONS & OBJECTS >E 

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BUT SURELY = ?IS WE >E NOT TO BE BLAM$4 ,! ASS]TION1 IF ,I MI/AKE NOT1 WAS BAS$ ON ! GR\ND ?AT WE S\< TO DE/ROY PROP]TY4 ,:E!R ?IS P]V]SION ( FACTS WAS 9T5TIONAL1 ,I KN[ NOT4 BUT 9 JU/IFICATION ( \R DOCTR9ES ,I WILL SAY ?AT ! ASS]TION IS AN 9FAM\S FALSEHOOD4 ,>TICLES HAVE BE5 READ H]E FROM ! ,>BEIT]-,ZEITUNG & ,AL>M TO %[ ! DANG]\S *>ACT]S ( ! DEF5DANTS4 ! FILES ( ! ,>BEIT]-,ZEITUNG & ,AL>M HAVE BE5 SE>*$ = ! PA/ YE>S4 ,?OSE >TICLES :I* G5]ALLY COMM5T$ UPON SOME ATROCITY COMMITT$ BY ! AU?ORITIES UPON /RIK+ WORK+M5 W]E PICK$ \T & READ TO Y\4 ,O!R >TICLES W]E NOT READ TO ! C\RT4 ,O!R >TICLES W]E NOT :AT WAS WANT$4 ,! ,/ATE'S ,ATTORNEY UPON ?OSE >TICLES 7:O WELL KN[ ?AT HE TELLS A FALSEHOOD :5 HE SAYS IT71 ASS]TS ?AT 0!SE M5 HAVE NO PR9CIPLE40 

,A FEW WEEKS BE=E ,I WAS >RE/$ & *>G$ ) ! CRIME = :I* ,I HAVE BE5 CONVICT$1 ,I WAS 9VIT$ BY ! CL]GYM5 ( ! ,CONGREGATIONAL ,*UR* TO LECTURE UPON 

,! ,S,U,B,J,E,C,T ,( ,S,O,C,I,A,L,I,S,M1 

& DEBATE ) !M4 ,?IS TOOK PLACE AT ! ,GR& ,PACIFIC ,HOTEL4 ,& SO ?AT IT CANNOT BE SAID ?AT AFT] ,I HAVE BE5 CONVICT$ ,I HAVE PUT TOGE!R SOME PR9CIPLES TO JU/IFY MY ACTION1 ,I WILL READ :AT ,I SAID !N-- ,CAPT4 ,BLACK3 0,GIVE ! DATE ( ! PAP]40 ,MR4 ,SPIES3 0,JANU>Y #i1 #a#h#h#f40 ,CAPT4 ,BLACK3 0,:AT PAP]1 ! ,AL>M80 ,MR4 ,SPIES3 0,! ,AL>M40 ,:5 ,I WAS ASK$ UPON ?AT OCCASION :AT ,SOCIALISM WAS1 ,I SAID ?IS3 .<#f.> 

0,SOCIALISM IS SIMPLY A RESUME ( ! PH5OM5A ( ! SOCIAL LIFE ( ! PA/ & PRES5T TRAC$ TO !IR FUNDAM5TAL CAUSES1 & BR\<T 9TO LOGICAL CONNECTION ) ONE ANO!R4 ,IT RE/S UPON ! E/ABLI%$ FACT ?AT ! ECONOMIC CONDITIONS & 9/ITUTIONS ( A PEOPLE =M ! GR\ND WORK ( ALL !IR SOCIAL CONDITIONS1 ( !IR IDEAS--AYE1 EV5 ( !IR RELIGION1 & FUR!R1 ?AT ALL *ANGES ( ECONOMIC CONDITIONS1 EV]Y /EP 9 ADVANCE1 >ISES FROM ! /RUGGLES BETWE5 ! DOM9AT+ & DOM9AT$ CLASS 9 DIFF]5T AGES4 ,Y\1 G5TLEM51 CANNOT PLACE Y\RSELVES AT ?IS /&PO9T ( SPECULATIVE SCI5CE2 Y\R PR(ESSION DEM&S ?AT Y\ OCCUPY ! OPPOSITE POSITION1 ?AT :I* PR(ESSES ACQUA9TANCE ) ?+S AS !Y ACTUALLY EXI/1 BUT :I* PRESUMES A ?OR\< UND]/&+ ( MATT]S :I* TO ORD9>Y MORTALS >E 5TIRELY 9COMPREH5SIBLE4 IT IS = ?IS REASON ?AT Y\ CANNOT BECOME ,SOCIALI/S 7CRIES ( 0,OH6 OH6074 LE/ Y\ %\LD BE UNABLE TO EXACTLY GRASP MY MEAN+1 H[EV]1 ,I WILL N[ /ATE ! MATT] A LITTLE MORE PLA9LY4 ,IT CANNOT BE UNKN[N TO Y\ ?AT 9 ! C\RSE ( ?IS C5TURY !RE HAVE APPE>$ AN 9F9ITE NUMB] ( 9V5TIONS & DISCOV]IES1 :I* HAVE BR\<T AB\T GREAT1 AYE1 A/ONI%+ *ANGES 9 ! PRODUCTION ( ! NECESSITIES & COM=TS ( LIFE4 ,! WORK ( MA*9ES HAS1 TO A GREAT EXT5T1 REPLAC$ ?AT ( M54 

0,MA*9]Y 9VOLVES A GREAT ACCUMULATION ( P[]1 & ALWAYS A GREAT] DIVISION ( LABOR 9 CONSEQU5CE4 

0,! ADVANTAGES RESULT+ FROM ?IS C5TRALIZATION ( PRODUCTION W]E ( SU* A NATURE AS TO CAUSE ITS /ILL FUR!R EXT5SION1 & FROM ?IS CONC5TRATION ( ! MEANS ( LABOR & ( ! OP]ATIONS ( LABOR]S1 :ILE ! OLD SY/EM ( DI/RIBUTION WAS 7& IS7 RETA9$1 >OSE ?OSE IMPROP] CONDITIONS :I* AILS SOCIETY TODAY4 

0,! MEANS ( PRODUCTION ?US CAME 9TO ! H&S ( AN EV] DECREAS+ NUMB]1 :ILE ! ACTUAL PRODUC]S1 ?R\< ! 9TRODUCTION ( MA*9]Y1 DEPRIV$ ( ! OPPORTUNITY TO TOIL1 & BE+ AT ! SAME TIME DIS9H]IT$ ( ! B\NTIES ( NATURE1 W]E CONSIGN$ TO PAUP]ISM1 VAGABONDAGE--! SO-CALL$ CRIME & PRO/ITUTION--ALL !SE EVILS :I* Y\ G5TLEM5 W\LD LIKE TO EXORCIZE ) Y\R LITTLE PRAY]-BOOK4 

0,! ,SOCIALI/S AW>D Y\R EF=TS A JOCUL> RA!R ?AN A S]I\S ATT5TION--.<SYMPTOMS ( UNEAS9ESS.>--O!RWISE1 PRAY LET US KN[ H[ MU* Y\ HAVE ACCOMPLI%$ SO F> BY Y\R MORAL LECTUR+ T[>DS AMELIORAT+ ! CONDITION ( ?OSE WRET*$ BE+S :O ?R\< BITT] WANT HAVE BE5 DRIV5 TO CRIME & DESP]ATION8 .<,H]E SEV]AL G5TLEM5 SPRANG TO !IR FEET1 EXCLAIM+1 ',WE HAVE DONE A GREAT DEAL 9 SOME DIRECTIONS6'.> ,AYE1 9 SOME CASES Y\ HAVE P]HAPS GIV5 A FEW ALMS2 BUT :AT 9FLU5CE HAS ?IS1 IF ,I MAY ASK1 HAD UPON SOCIET>Y CONDITIONS1 OR 9 AFFECT+ ANY *ANGE 9 ! SAME8 ,NO?+2 ABSOLUTELY NO?+4 ,Y\ MAY AS WELL ADMIT IT1 G5TLEM51 = Y\ CANNOT PO9T ME \T A S+LE 9/ANCE4 

0,V]Y WELL4 ,?OSE PROLET>IANS DOOM$ TO MIS]Y & HUNG] ?R\< ! LABOR-SAV+ ( \R C5TRALIZ$ PRODUCTION1 :OSE NUMB] 9 ?IS C\NTRY WE E/IMATE AT AB\T A MILLION & A HALF1 IS IT LIKELY ?AT !Y & ! ?\S&S :O >E DAILY JO9+ !IR RANKS1 & ! MILLIONS :O >E TOIL+ = A MIS]ABLE PITTANCE1 WILL SUFF] PEACEFULLY & ) ,*RI/IAN RESIGNATION !IR DE/RUCTION AT ! H& ( !IR ?IEVI% & MURD]\S1 ALBEIT V]Y ,*RI/IAN WAGE-MA/]S8 ,!Y WILL DEF5D !MSELVES4 ,IT WILL COME TO A FI<T4 

0,! NECESSITY ( COMMON [N]%IP 9 ! MEANS ( TOIL WILL BE REALIZ$1 & ! ]A ( SOCIALISM1 ( UNIV]SAL COOP]ATION BEG9S4 ,! DISPOSSESS+ ( ! USURP+ CLASSES--! SOCIALIZATION ( !SE POSSESSIONS--& ! UNIV]SAL COOP]ATION ( TOIL1 NOT = SPECULATIVE PURPOSES1 BUT = ! SATISFACTION ( ! DEM&S :I* WE MAKE UPON LIFE2 9 %ORT COOP]ATIVE LABOR = ! PURPOSE ( CONT9U+ LIFE & ( 5JOY+ IT--?IS 9 G5]AL \TL9ES1 IS ,SOCIALISM4 ,?IS IS NOT1 H[EV]1 AS Y\ MI<T SUPPOSE1 A M]E 0BEAUTIFULLY CONCEIV$ PLAN10 ! REALIZATION ( :I* W\LD BE WELL WOR? /RIV+ = IF IT C\LD ONLY BE BR\<T AB\T4 ,NO2 ?IS SOCIALIZATION ( ! MEANS ( PRODUCTION1 ( ! MA*9]Y ( COMM]CE1 ( ! L& & E>?1 ETC41 IS NOT ONLY SOME?+ DESIRABLE1 BUT HAS BECOME AN IMP]ATIVE NECESSITY !RE WE ALWAYS F9D ?AT ! NEXT /EP WAS ! DO+ AWAY ) ?AT NECESSITY BY ! SUPPLY+ ( ! LOGICAL WANT4 

0,\R L>GE FACTORIES & M9ES1 & ! MA*9]Y ( EX*ANGE & TRANSPORTATION1 AP>T FROM EV]Y O!R CONSID]ATION1 HAVE BECOME TOO VA/ = PRIVATE CONTROL4 ,9DIVIDUALS CAN NO LONG] MONOPOLIZE !M4 

0,EV]Y:]E1 :]EV] WE CA/ \R EYES1 WE F9D =C$ UPON \R ATT5TION ! UNNATURAL & 9JURI\S EFFECTS ( UNREGULAT$ PRIVATE PRODUCTION4 ,WE SEE H[ ONE MAN1 OR A NUMB] ( M51 HAVE NOT ONLY BR\<T 9TO ! EMBRACE ( !IR PRIVATE [N]%IP A FEW 9V5TIONS 9 TE*NICAL L9ES1 BUT HAVE ALSO CONFISCAT$ = !IR EXCLUSIVE ADVANTAGE ALL NATURAL P[]S1 SU* AS WAT]1 /EAM1 & ELECTRICITY4 ,EV]Y FRE% 9V5TION1 EV]Y DISCOV]Y BELONGS TO !M4 ,! WORLD EXI/S = !M ONLY4 ,?AT !Y DE/ROY !IR FELL[-BE+S RI<T & LEFT !Y LITTLE C>E4 ,?AT1 BY !IR MA*9]Y1 !Y EV5 WORK ! BODIES ( LITTLE *ILDR5 9TO GOLD PIECES !Y HOLD TO BE AN ESPECIALLY GOOD WORK & A G5U9E ,*RI/IAN ACT4 ,!Y MURD]1 AS WE HAVE SAID1 LITTLE *ILDR5 & WOM5 BY H>D LABOR1 :ILE !Y LET /RONG M5 GO HUNGRY = LACK ( WORK4 

0,PEOPLE ASK !MSELVES H[ SU* ?+S >E POSSIBLE1 & ! ANSW] IS ?AT ! COMPETITIVE SY/EM IS ! CAUSE ( IT4 ,! ?\< ( A COOP]ATIVE1 SOCIAL1 RATIONAL1 & WELL-REGULAT$ SY/EM ( MANAGEM5T IRRESI/IBLY IMPRESSES ! OBS]V]4 ,! ADVANTAGES ( SU* A SY/EM >E ( SU* A CONV9C+ K9D1 SO PAT5T TO OBS]VATION--& :]E C\LD !Y BE ANY O!R WAY \T ( IT8 ,ACCORD+ TO PHYSICAL LAWS A BODY ALWAYS MOVES ITSELF1 CONSCI\SLY OR UNCONSCI\SLY1 ALONG ! L9E ( LEA/ RESI/ANCE4 ,SO DOES A SOCIETY AS A :OLE4 ,! PA? TO COOP]ATIVE LABOR & DI/RIBUTION IS LEVEL$ BY ! CONC5TRATION ( ! MEANS ( LABOR UND] ! PRIVATE CAPITALI/IC SY/EM4 ,WE >E ALREADY MOV+ RI<T 9 ?AT TRACK4 ,WE CANNOT RETREAT EV5 IF WE W\LD4 ,! =CE ( CIRCUM/ANCES DRIVES US ON TO ,SOCIALISM4 

0',& N[1 ,MR4 ,S41 WON'T Y\ TELL US H[ Y\ >E GO+ TO C>RY \T ! EXPROPRIATION ( ! POSSESS+ CLASSES8' ASK$ ,REV4 ,DR4 ,SCUDD]4 

0',! ANSW] IS 9 ! ?+ ITSELF4 ,! KEY IS FURNI%$ BY ! /ORMS RAG+ ?R\< ! 9DU/RIAL LIFE ( ! PRES5T4 ,Y\ SEE H[ P5URI\SLY ! [N]S ( ! FACTORIES1 ( ! M9ES1 CL+ TO !IR PRIVILEGES1 & WILL NOT YIELD ! BREAD? ( AN 9*4 ,ON ! O!R H&1 Y\ SEE ! HALF-/>V$ PROLET>IANS DRIV5 TO ! V]GE ( VIOL5CE4' 

0',SO Y\R REM$Y W\LD BE VIOL5CE8' 

0',REM$Y8 ,WELL1 ,I %\LD LIKE IT BETT] IF IT C\LD BE DONE )\T VIOL5CE1 BUT Y\1 G5TLEM51 & ! CLASS Y\ REPRES5T1 TAKE C>E ?AT IT CANNOT BE ACCOMPLI%$ O!RWISE4 ,LET US SUPPOSE ?AT ! WORK+M5 ( TODAY GO TO !IR EMPLOY]S1 & SAY TO !M3 ',LI/56 ,Y\R ADM9I/RATION ( AFFAIRS DON'T SUIT US ANY MORE2 IT LEADS TO DISA/R\S CONSEQU5CES4 ,:ILE ONE P>T ( US >E WORK$ TO DEA?1 ! O!RS1 \T ( EMPLOYM5T1 >E />V$ TO DEA?2 LITTLE *ILDR5 >E GR\ND TO DEA? 9 ! FACTORIES1 :ILE /RONG1 VIGOR\S M5 REMA9 IDLE2 ! MASSES LIVE 9 MIS]Y :ILE A SMALL CLASS ( RESPECTABLES 5JOY LUXURY & WEAL?2 ALL ?IS IS ! RESULT ( Y\R MALADM9I/RATION1 :I* WILL BR+ MIS=TUNE EV5 TO Y\RSELVES2 /EP D[N & \T N[2 LET US HAVE Y\R PROP]TY1 :I* IS NO?+ BUT UNPAID LABOR2 WE %ALL TAKE ?IS ?+ 9 \R H&S N[2 WE %ALL ADM9I/RATE MATT]S SATISFACTORILY1 & REGULATE ! 9/ITUTIONS ( SOCIETY2 VOLUNT>ILY WE %ALL PAY Y\ A LIFE-LONG P5SION4 ,N[1 DO Y\ ?9K ! 'BOSSES' W\LD ACCEPT ?IS PROPOSITION8 ,Y\ C]TA9LY DON'T BELIEVE IT4 ,!RE=E =CE WILL HAVE TO DECIDE--OR DO Y\ KN[ ( ANY O!R WAY8' 

0,SO Y\ >E ORGANIZ+ A REVOLUTION80 

0,IT WAS %ORTLY BE=E MY >RE/1 & ,I ANSW]$3 0,SU* ?+S >E H>D TO ORGANIZE4 ,A REVOLUTION IS A SUDD5 UPWELL+--A CONVULSION ( ! FEV]$ MASSES ( SOCIETY4 

0,WE >E PREP>+ SOCIETY = ?AT1 & 9SI/ UPON IT ?AT WORK+M5 %\LD >M !MSELVES & KEEP READY = ! /RUGGLE4 ,! BETT] !Y >E >M$ ! EASI] WILL ! BATTLE BE1 & ! LESS ! BLOOD%$4 

0',:AT W\LD BE ! ORD] ( ?+S 9 ! NEW SOCIETY8' 

0',I MU/ DECL9$ TO ANSW] ?IS QUE/ION1 AS IT IS1 TILL N[1 A M]E MATT] ( SPECULATION4 ! ORGANIZATION ( LABOR ON A COOP]ATIVE BASIC (F]S NO DIFFICULTIES4 ,! L>GE E/ABLI%M5TS ( TODAY MI<T BE US$ AS PATT]NS4 ,?OSE :O WILL HAVE TO SOLVE !SE QUE/IONS WILL EXP$I5TLY DO IT1 9/EAD ( WORK+ ACCORD+ TO \R PRESCRIPTIONS 7IF WE %\LD MAKE ANY?+ ( ! K9D72 !Y WILL BE DIRECT$ BY ! CIRCUM/ANCES & CONDITIONS ( ! TIME1 & !SE >E BEYOND \R HORIZON4 ,AB\T ?IS Y\ NE$N'T TR\BLE Y\RSELVES4 

0',BUT1 FRI5D1 DON'T Y\ ?9K ?AT AB\T A WEEK AFT] ! DIVISION1 ! PROVID5T WILL HAVE ALL1 :ILE ! SP5D?RIFT WILL HAVE NO?+8' 

0',! QUE/ION IS \T ( ORD]1' 9T]F]$ ! ,*AIRMAN2 '!RE WAS NOT SAID ANY?+ AB\T DIVISION4' 

0,PR(4 ,WILCOX3 ',DON'T Y\ ?9K ! 9TRODUCTION ( ,SOCIALISM WILL DE/ROY ALL 9DIVIDUALITY8' 

0',H[ CAN ANY?+ BE DE/ROY$ :I* DOES NOT EXI/8 ,9 \R TIMES !RE IS NO 9DIVIDUALITY2 ?AT ONLY CAN BE DEVELOP$ UND] ,SOCIALISM1 :5 MANK9D WILL BE 9DEP5D5T ECONOMICALLY4 ,:]E DO Y\ MEET TODAY ) REAL 9DIVIDUALITY8 ,LOOK AT Y\RSELVES1 G5TLEM56 ,Y\ DON'T D>E TO GIVE UTT]ANCE TO ANY SUBJECTIVE OP9ION :I* MI<T NOT SUIT ! FEEL+S ( Y\R BREAD-GIV]S & CU/OM]S4 ,Y\ >E HYPOCRITES .<MURMURS & 9DIGNATION.>2 EV]Y BUS9ESS MAN IS A HYPOCRITE4 ,EV]Y:]E IS MOCK]Y1 S]VILITY1 LIE & FRAUD4 ,& ! LABOR]S6 ,!RE Y\ FEIGN ANXIETY AB\T !IR 9DIVIDUALITY2 AB\T ! 9DIVIDUALITY ( A CLASS ?AT HAS BE5 DEGRAD$ TO MA*9ES--US$ EA* DAY = T5 OR TWELVE H\RS AS APP5DAGES ( ! LIFELESS MA*9ES6 ,AB\T !IR 9DIVIDUALITY Y\ >E ANXI\S6'0 

,DOES ?AT S\ND AS ?\< ,I HAD AT ?AT TIME1 AS HAS BE5 IMPUT$ TO ME1 ORGANIZ$ A REVOLUTION--A SO-CALL$ SOCIAL REVOLUTION1 :I* WAS TO OCCUR ON OR AB\T ! #a/ ( ,MAY TO E/ABLI% AN>*Y 9 PLACE ( \R PRES5T 0IDEAL ORD]80 ,I GUESS NOT4 

,SO SOCIALISM DOES NOT MEAN ! DE/RUCTION ( SOCIETY4 ,SOCIALISM IS A CON/RUCTIVE & NOT A DE/RUCTIVE SCI5CE4 ,:ILE CAPITALISM EXPROPRIATES ! MASSES = ! B5EFIT ( ! PRIVILEG$ CLASS2 :ILE CAPITALISM IS ?AT S*OOL ( ECONOMICS :I* TEA*ES H[ ONE CAN LIVE UPON ! LABOR 7I4E41 PROP]TY7 ( ! O!R2 ,SOCIALISM TEA*ES H[ ALL MAY POSSESS PROP]TY1 & FUR!R TEA*ES ?AT EV]Y MAN MU/ WORK HONE/LY = HIS [N LIV+1 & NOT BE PLAY+ ! 0RESPECTABLE BO>D ( TRADE MAN10 OR ANY O!R HI<LY 787 RESPECTABLE BUS9ESS MAN OR BANK]1 SU* AS APPE>$ H]E AS TALESM5 9 ! JURORS' BOX1 ) ! FIX$ OP9ION ?AT WE \<T TO BE HANG$4 ,9DE$1 ,I BELIEVE !Y HAVE ?AT OP9ION6 ,SOCIALISM1 9 %ORT1 SEEKS TO E/ABLI% 

,A ,U,N,I,V,],S,A,L ,S,Y,/,E,M ,( ,C,O,O,P,],A,T,I,O,N 

& TO R5D] ACCESSIBLE TO EA* & EV]Y MEMB] ( ! HUMAN FAMILY ! A*IEVEM5TS & B5EFITS ( CIVILIZATION1 :I*1 UND] CAPITALISM1 >E BE+ MONOPOLIZ$ BY A PRIVILEG$ CLASS & EMPLOY$1 NOT AS !Y %\LD BE1 = ! COMMON GOOD ( ALL1 BUT = ! BRUTI% GRATIFICATION ( AN AV>ICI\S CLASS4 ,UND] CAPITALISM ! GREAT 9V5TIONS ( ! PA/1 F> FROM BE+ A BLESS+ = MANK9D1 HAVE BE5 TURN$ 9TO A CURSE6 ,UND] ,SOCIALISM ! PROPHECY ( ! ,GREEK POET1 ,ANTIPORAS1 W\LD BE FULFILL$1 :O1 AT ! 9V5TION ( ! FIR/ WAT]-MILL1 EXCLAIM$3 0,?IS IS ! EMANCIPATOR ( MALE & FEMALE SLAVES02 & LIKEWISE ! PR$ICTION ( ,>I/OTLE1 :O SAID3 0,:51 AT SOME FUTURE AGE1 EV]Y TOOL1 UPON COMM& OR BY PR$E/9ATION1 WILL P]=M ITS WORK AS ! >TWORKS ( ,DA$ALUS DID1 :I* MOV$ BY !MSELVES1 OR LIKE ! ?REE FEET ( ,HEPHAE/US1 :I* W5T TO !IR SACR$ WORK 9/9CTIVELY1 :5 ?US ! WEAV] %UTTLES WILL WEAVE BY !MSELVES1 !N WE %ALL 

,N,O ,L,O,N,G,] ,R,E,Q,U,I,R,E ,M,A,/,],S ,& ,S,L,A,V,E,S40 

,SOCIALISM SAYS ?IS TIME HAS COME1 & CAN Y\ D5Y IT8 ,Y\ SAY3 0,OH1 !SE HEA!NS1 :AT DID !Y KN[80 ,TRUE6 ,!Y KNEW NO?+ ( POLITICAL ECONOMY3 !Y KNEW NO?+ ( ,*RI/5DOM4 ,!Y FAIL$ TO CONCEIVE H[ NICELY !SE MAN-EMANCIPAT+ MA*9ES C\LD BE EMPLOY$ TO L5G!N ! H\RS ( TOIL & TO 9T5SIFY ! BURD5S ( ! SLAVES4 ,!SE HEA!NS1 YES1 !Y EXCUS$ ! SLAV]Y ( ONE ON ! GR\ND ?AT !REBY ANO!R W\LD BE AF=D$ ! OPPORTUNITY ( HUMAN DEVELOPM5T4 ,BUT TO PREA* ! SLAV]Y ( ! MASSES 9 ORD] ?AT A FEW RUDE & >ROGANT P>V5UES MI<T BECOME 0EM95T MANUFACTUR]S10 0EXT5SIVE PACK+-H\SE [N]S10 OR 09FLU5TIAL %OE-BLACK DEAL]S10 TO DO ?IS !Y LACK$ ?AT SPECIFIC ,*RI/IAN ORGAN4 

,SOCIALISM TEA*ES ?AT ! MA*9ES1 ! MEANS ( TRANSPORTATION & COMMUNICATION >E ! RESULT ( ! COMB9$ EF=TS ( SOCIETY1 PA/ & PRES5T1 & ?AT !Y >E !RE=E RI<TFULLY ! 9DIVISIBLE PROP]TY ( SOCIETY1 JU/ ! SAME AS ! SOIL & ! M9ES & ALL NATURAL GIFTS %\LD BE4 ?IS DECL>ATION IMPLIES ?AT ?OSE :O HAVE APPROPRIAT$ ?IS WEAL? WRONGFULLY1 ?\< LAWFULLY1 %ALL BE EXPROPRIAT$ BY SOCIETY4 ,! EXPROPRIATION ( ! MASSES BY ! MONOPOLI/S HAS REA*$ SU* A DEGREE ?AT ! EXPROPRIATION ( ! EXPROPRIATEURS HAS BECOME AN IMP]ATIVE NECESSITY1 AN ACT ( SOCIAL SELF-PRES]VATION4 

,S,O,C,I,E,T,Y ,W,I,L,L ,R,E,C,L,A,I,M ,I,T,S ,[,N1 

EV5 ?\< Y\ ]ECT A GIBBET ON EV]Y /REET CORN]4 ,& ,AN>*ISM1 ?IS T]RIBLE 0ISM10 D$UCES ?AT UND] A COOP]ATIVE ORGANIZATION ( SOCIETY1 UND] ECONOMIC EQUALITY & 9DIVIDUAL 9DEP5D5CE1 ! 0,/ATE0--! POLITICAL ,/ATE--WILL PASS 9TO B>B>IC ANTIQUITY4 ,& WE WILL BE :]E ALL >E FREE1 :]E !RE >E NO LONG] MA/]S & S]VANTS1 :]E 9TELLECT /&S = BRUTE =CE1 !RE WILL NO LONG] BE ANY USE = ! POLICEM5 & MILITIA TO PRES]VE ! SO-CALL$ 0PEACE & ORD]0--! ORD] ?AT ! ,RUSSIAN ,G5]AL SPEAKS ( :5 HE TELEGRAPH$ TO ! ,CZ> AFT] HE HAD MASSACR$ HALF ( ,W>SAW1 0,PEACE REIGNS 9 ,W>SAW40 

,AN>*ISM DOES NOT MEAN BLOOD%$2 DOES NOT MEAN ROBB]Y1 >SON1 ETC4 ,!SE MON/ROSITIES >E1 ON ! CONTR>Y1 ! *>ACT]I/IC FEATURES ( CAPITALISM4 ,AN>*ISM MEANS PEACE & TRANQUILITY TO ALL4 ,AN>*ISM1 OR SOCIALISM1 MEANS ! REORGANIZATION ( SOCIETY UPON SCI5TIFIC PR9CIPLES & ! ABOLITION ( CAUSES :I* PRODUCE VICE & CRIME4 ,CAPITALISM FIR/ PRODUCES !SE SOCIAL DISEASES & !N SEEKS TO CURE !M BY PUNI%M5T4 

,! C\RT HAS HAD A GREAT DEAL TO SAY AB\T ! 9C5DI>Y *>ACT] ( ! >TICLES READ FROM ! ,>BEIT]-,ZEITUNG4 ,LET ME READ TO Y\ AN $ITORIAL :I* APPE>$ 9 ! ,FOND DU ,LAC ,COMMONWEAL?1 9 ,OCTOB]1 #a#h#h#f1 A ,REPUBLICAN PAP]4 ,IF ,I AM NOT MI/AK5 ! C\RT IS ,REPUBLICAN1 TOO4 

0,TO >MS1 ,REPUBLICANS6 ,WORK 9 EV]Y T[N 9 ,WISCONS9 = M5 NOT AFRAID ( FIRE>MS1 BLOOD OR DEAD BODIES1 TO PRES]VE PEACE .<?AT IS ! 'PEACE' ,I HAVE BE5 SPEAK+ ( .> & QUIET2 AVOID A CONFLICT ( P>TIES TO PREV5T ! ADM9I/RATION ( PUBLIC AFFAIRS FROM FALL+ 9TO ! H&S ( SU* OBNOXI\S M5 AS ,JAMES ,G4 ,J5K9S4 ,EV]Y ,REPUBLICAN 9 ,WISCONS9 %\LD GO >M$ TO ! POLLS ON NEXT ELECTION DAY4 ,! GRA9-/ACKS1 H\SES & B>NS ( ACTIVE ,DEMOCRATS %\LD BE BURN$2 !IR *ILDR5 BURN$ & WIVES \TRAG$1 ?AT !Y MAY UND]/& ?AT ! ,REPUBLICAN P>TY IS ! ONE :I* IS B\ND TO RULE1 & ! ONE :I* !Y %\LD VOTE =1 TO KEEP !IR VILE C>CASSES AWAY FROM ! POLLS4 ,IF !Y /ILL P]SI/ 9 GO+ TO ! POLLS1 & P]SI/ 9 VOT+ = ,J5K9S1 MEET !M ON ! ROAD1 9 ! BU%1 ON ! HILL1 OR ANY:]E1 & %OOT EV]Y ONE ( !SE BASE C[>DS & AGITATORS4 ,IF !Y >E TOO /RONG 9 ANY LOCALITY1 & SUCCE$ 9 PUTT+ !IR OPPOSITION VOTES 9TO ! BALLOT BOX1 BREAK OP5 ! BOX & TE> 9 %R$ !IR DISCORD-BREA?+ BALLOTS4 ,BURN !M4 ,?IS IS ! TIME = EFFECTIVE WORK4 ,YELL[ FEV] WILL NOT CAT* AMONG ,MORRISON ,DEMOCRATS2 SO WE MU/ USE LESS NOISY & MORE EFFECTIVE MEANS4 ,! AGITATORS MU/ BE PUT D[N1 & :OEV] OPPOSES US DOES SO AT HIS P]IL4 ,REPUBLICANS1 BE AT ! POLLS 9 ACCORDANCE ) ! ABOVE DIRECTIONS1 & DON'T /OP = A LITTLE BLOOD4 ,?AT :I* MAKE ! SOLID ,S\? WILL MAKE A SOLID ,NOR?40 

,:AT DOES Y\R HONOR SAY TO !SE UTT]ANCES ( A 0LAW & ORD]0 ORGAN--A ,REPUBLICAN ORGAN8 ,H[ DOES ! ,>BEIT]-,ZEITUNG COMP>E ) ?IS8 

,! BOOK ( ,JOHANN ,MO/1 :I* WAS 9TRODUC$ 9 C\RT1 ,I HAVE NEV] READ1 & ,I ADMIT ?AT PASSAGES W]E READ H]E ?AT >E REPULSIVE--?AT MU/ BE REPULSIVE TO ANY P]SON :O HAS A HE>T4 ,BUT ,I CALL Y\R ATT5TION TO ! FACT ?AT !SE PASSAGES HAVE BE5 TRANSLAT$ FROM A PUBLICATION ( ,&RIEUX1 ! EX-PREFECT ( POLICE1 9 ,P>IS1 BY AN EXPON5T ( Y\R ORD]6 ,HAVE ! REPRES5TATIVES ( Y\R ORD] EV] /OPP$ AT ! SACRIFICE ( HUMAN BLOOD8 ,NEV]6 

,IT HAS BE5 *>G$ ?AT WE 7! EI<T H]E7 CON/ITUT$ A CONSPIRACY4 ,I W\LD REPLY TO ?AT ?AT MY FRI5D ,L+ ,I HAD SE5 BUT TWICE AT MEET+S ( ! ,C5TRAL ,LABOR ,UNION1 :]E ,I W5T AS A REPORT]2 HAD SE5 HIM BUT TWICE BE=E ,I WAS >RE/$4 ,NEV] SPOKE TO HIM4 ,5GLE ,I HAVE NOT BE5 ON SPEAK+ T]MS ) = AT LEA/ A YE>4 ,& ,FIS*]1 MY LIEUT5ANT1 US$ TO GO R\ND & 

,M,A,K,E ,S,P,E,E,*,E,S ,A,G,A,9,/ ,M,E4 

,SO MU* = ?AT4 

,Y\ HONOR HAS SAID ?IS MORN+1 0WE MU/ LE>N !IR OBJECTS FROM :AT !Y HAVE SAID & WRITT510 & 9 PURSUANCE !RE( ! C\RT HAS READ A NUMB] ( >TICLES4 

,N[1 IF ,I HAD AS MU* P[] AS ! C\RT1 & W]E A LAW-ABID+ CITIZ51 ,I W\LD C]TA9LY HAVE ! C\RT 9DICT$ = SOME REM>KS MADE DUR+ ?IS TRIAL4 ,I WILL SAY ?AT IF ,I HAD NOT BE5 AN AN>*I/ AT ! BEG9N+ ( ?IS TRIAL ,I W\LD BE ONE N[4 ,I QUOTE ! EXACT LANGUAGE ( ! C\RT ON ONE OCCASION4 0,IT DOES NOT NECESS>ILY FOLL[ ?AT ALL LAWS >E FOOLI% & BAD BECAUSE A GOOD MANY ( !M >E SO40 ,?AT IS TREASON1 SIR6 IF WE >E TO BELIEVE ! C\RT & ! ,/ATE'S ,ATTORNEY4 ,BUT1 ASIDE FROM ?AT1 ,I CANNOT SEE H[ WE %ALL DI/+UI% ! GOOD FROM ! BAD LAWS4 ,AM ,I TO JUDGE ( ?AT8 ,NO2 ,I AM NOT4 ,BUT IF ,I DISOBEY A BAD LAW1 & AM BR\<T BE=E A BAD JUDGE1 ,I UND\BT$LY W\LD BE CONVICT$4 

,9 REG>D TO A REPORT 9 ! ,>BEIT]-,ZEITUNG1 ALSO READ ?IS MORN+1 ! REPORT ( ! ,BO>D ( ,TRADE DEMON/RATION1 ,I W\LD SAY--& ?IS IS ! ONLY DEF5SE1 ! ONLY WORD ,I HAVE TO SAY 9 MY [N DEF5SE1 IS1 ?AT ,I DID NOT KN[ ( ?AT >TICLE UNTIL ,I SAW IT 9 ! PAP]1 & ! MAN :O WROTE IT1 WROTE IT RA!R AS A REPLY TO SOME SLURS 9 ! MORN+ PAP]S4 ,HE WAS DIS*>G$4 ,! LANGUAGE US$ 9 ?AT >TICLE W\LD NEV] HAVE BE5 TOL]AT$ IF ,I HAD SE5 IT4 

,N[1 IF WE CANNOT BE DIRECTLY IMPLICAT$ ) ?IS AFFAIR1 CONNECT$ ) ! ?R[+ ( ! BOMB1 :]E IS ! LAW ?AT SAYS1 0?AT !SE M5 %ALL BE PICK$ \T TO SUFF]8 ,%[ ME ?AT LAW IF Y\ HAVE IT6 ,IF ! POSITION ( ! C\RT IS CORRECT1 !N HALF ( ?IS CITY--HALF ( ! POPULATION ( ?IS CITY--\<T TO BE HANG$1 BECAUSE !Y >E RESPONSIBLE ! SAME AS WE >E = ?AT ACT ON ,MAY #d?4 ,& IF NOT HALF ( ! POPULATION ( ,*ICAGO IS HANG$1 !N %[ ME ! LAW ?AT SAYS1 0,EI<T M5 %ALL BE PICK$ \T & HANG$ AS SCAPEGOATS60 ,Y\ HAVE NO GOOD LAW4 ,Y\R DECISION1 Y\R V]DICT1 \R CONVICTION IS NO?+ BUT AN >BITR>Y WILL ( ?IS LAWLESS C\RT4 ,IT IS TRUE !RE IS NO PREC$5T 9 JURISPRUD5CE 9 ?IS CASE6 ,IT IS TRUE WE HAVE CALL$ UPON ! PEOPLE TO >M !MSELVES4 ,IT IS TRUE ?AT WE HAVE TOLD !M TIME & AGA9 ?AT ! GREAT DAY ( *ANGE WAS COM+4 ,IT WAS NOT \R DESIRE TO HAVE BLOOD%$4 ,WE >E NOT BEA/S4 ,WE W\LD NOT BE SOCIALI/S IF WE W]E BEA/S4 ,IT IS BECAUSE ( \R S5SITIV5ESS ?AT WE HAVE GONE 9TO ?IS MOVEM5T = ! EMANCIPATION ( ! OPPRESS$ & SUFF]+4 ,IT IS TRUE WE HAVE CALL$ UPON ! PEOPLE TO >M & 

,P,R,E,P,>,E ,= ,! ,/,O,R,M,Y ,T,I,M,E,S ,B,E,=,E ,U,S4 

,?IS SEEMS TO BE ! GR\ND UPON :I* ! V]DICT IS TO BE SU/A9$4 0,B,U,T ,:,5 ,A ,L,O,N,G ,T,R,A,9 ,( ,A,B,U,S,E,S ,& ,U,S,U,R,P,A,T,I,O,N,S ,P,U,R,S,U,+ ,9,V,>,I,A,B,L,Y ,! ,S,A,M,E ,O,B,J,E,C,T ,E,V,9,C,E,S ,A ,D,E,S,I,G,N ,T,O ,R,$,U,C,E ,! ,P,E,O,P,L,E ,U,N,D,] ,A,B,S,O,L,U,T,E ,D,E,S,P,O,T,I,S,M1 ,I,T ,I,S ,!,I,R ,R,I,<,T1 ,I,T ,I,S ,!,I,R ,D,U,T,Y1 ,T,O ,?,R,[ ,(,F ,S,U,* ,G,O,V,],N,M,5,T ,& ,P,R,O,V,I,D,E ,N,E,W ,G,U,>,D,S ,= ,!,I,R ,F,U,T,U,R,E ,S,A,F,E,T,Y40 ,?IS IS A QUOTATION FROM ! 0,DECL>ATION ( ,9DEP5D5CE40 ,HAVE WE BROK5 ANY LAWS BY %[+ TO ! PEOPLE H[ !SE ABUSES1 ?AT HAVE OCCURR$ = ! LA/ TW5TY YE>S1 >E 9V>IABLY PURSU+ ONE OBJECT1 VIZ3 TO E/ABLI% AN OLIG>*Y 9 ?IS C\NTRY AS /RONG & P[]FUL & MON/R\S AS NEV] BE=E HAS EXI/$ 9 ANY C\NTRY8 ,I CAN WELL UND]/& :Y ?AT MAN ,GR9NELL DID NOT URGE UPON ! GR& JURY TO *>GE US ) TREASON4 ,I CAN WELL UND]/& IT4 ,Y\ CANNOT TRY & CONVICT A MAN = TREASON 

,:,O ,H,A,S ,U,P,H,E,L,D ,! ,C,O,N,/,I,T,U,T,I,O,N 

AGA9/ ?OSE :O TRY TO TRAMPLE IT UND] !IR FEET4 ,IT W\LD NOT HAVE BE5 AS EASY A JOB TO DO ?AT1 ,MR4 ,GR9NELL1 AS TO *>GE 0!SE M50 ) MURD]4 

,N[1 !SE >E MY IDEAS4 ,!Y CON/ITUTE A P>T ( MYSELF4 ,I CANNOT DIVE/ MYSELF ( !1 NOR W\LD ,I1 IF ,I C\LD4 ,& IF Y\ ?9K ?AT Y\ CAN CRU% \T !SE IDEAS ?AT >E GA9+ GR\ND MORE & MORE EV]Y DAY1 IF Y\ ?9K Y\ CAN CRU% !M \T BY S5D+ US TO ! GALL[S--IF Y\ W\LD ONCE MORE HAVE A PEOPLE SUFF] ! P5ALTY ( DEA? BECAUSE !Y D>$ TO TELL ! TRU?--& ,I DEFY Y\ TO %[ US :]E WE HAVE TOLD A LIE--,I SAY1 IF DEA? IS ! P5ALTY = PROCLAIM+ TRU?1 !N ,I WILL PR\DLY & DEFIANTLY PAY ! CO/LY PRICE6 ,TRU? CRUCIFI$ 9 ,SOCRATES1 9 ,*RI/1 9 ,GIORDANO ,BRUNO1 9 ,HUSS1 ,GALILEO /ILL LIVES--!Y & O!RS :OSE NUMB] IS LEGION HAVE PREC$$ US ON ?IS PA?4 ,WE >E READY TO FOLL[6 

.<#a.> ,BONFIELD WAS ! ,*ICAGO *IEF ( POLICE4 

.<#b.> ,GR9NELL WAS ! ,/ATE'S ,ATTORNEY & PROSECUTOR4 

.<#c.> ,?IS IS P>APHRAS$ FROM ,%AKESPE>E'S ,JULIUS ,CES>4 

.<#d.> ,!SE W]E ! NAMES ( V>I\S WEAL?Y 9DU/RIALI/S DUR+ ! ,GILD$ ,AGE4 

.<#e.> ,SPIES IS REF]R+ TO ! ,FR5* ,REVOLUTION & ! ,AM]ICAN ,REVOLUTION4 

.<#f.> ,SPIES IS QUOT+ FROM HIS [N WRIT+S 9 ! FOLL[+ QUOTES4 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,FEBRU>Y #a1 #bba 3 ,ADDRESS ( ,AUGU/ ,SPIES -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #g1 #bbb 3 ,ADDRESS ( ,AUGU/ ,SPIES -- ,UPDAT$4 

 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3  
HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/