,AGA9/ ,DOME/ICATION 

#aigc 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,JACQUES ,CAMATTE 

,TEXT 3 

,! TIME WE >E N[ LIV+ ?R\< IS )\T D\BT ! MO/ CRITICAL P]IOD CAPITALI/ SOCIETY HAS EV] KN[N4 ,ALL ! FEATURES :I* WE ASSOCIATE ) ! CLASSIC CRISIS N[ EXI/ AS A P]MAN5T /ATE ( AFFAIRS1 ?\< PRODUCTION ITSELF HAS NOT BE5 AFFECT$1 EXCEPT TO A LIMIT$ EXT5T 9 C]TA9 C\NTRIES4 ,SOCIAL RELATIONS & TRADITIONAL CONSCI\SNESS >E DECOMPOS+ ALL >\ND US1 :ILE AT ! SAME TIME EA* 9/ITUTION 9 SOCIETY PROCE$S TO 5SURE ITS SURVIVAL BY RECUP]AT+ ! MOVEM5T :I* OPPOSES IT4 7,AN OBVI\S EXAMPLE H]E IS ! CA?OLIC *UR*1 :I* HAS LO/ C\NT ( ALL ! 0MOD]NIZATIONS0 IT HAS EMBRAC$74 ,ONE W\LD ?9K ?AT ! VIOL5CE & TORTURE :I* IS N[ 5DEMIC EV]Y:]E W\LD HAVE PEOPLE MOBILIZ$ & UP 9 >MS AGA9/ IT1 BUT 9/EAD IT CONT9UES TO FL\RI% ON A WORLD SCALE4 ,9DE$1 ! SITUATION TODAY MAKES ! 0B>B>ISM0 ( ! ,NAZIS SEEM 9 COMP>ISON RA!R UNPR(ESSIONAL1 QUITE >*AIC 9 FACT4 ,ALL ! CONDITIONS W\LD SEEM TO BE RIPE2 !RE %\LD BE REVOLUTION4 ,:Y !N IS !RE SU* RE/RA9T8 ,:AT IS TO /OP PEOPLE FROM TRANS=M+ ALL !SE CRISES & DISA/]S1 :I* >E !MSELVES ! RESULT ( ! LATE/ MUTATION ( CAPITAL1 9TO A CATA/ROPHE = CAPITAL ITSELF8 

,! EXPLANATION = ?IS IS TO BE F\ND 9 ! DOME/ICATION ( HUMANITY1 :I* COMES AB\T :5 CAPITAL CON/ITUTES ITSELF AS A HUMAN COMMUNITY4 ,! PROCESS />TS \T ) ! FRAGM5TATION & DE/RUCTION ( HUMAN BE+S1 :O >E !N RE/RUCTUR$ 9 ! IMAGE ( CAPITAL2 PEOPLE >E TURN$ 9TO CAPITALI/ BE+S1 & ! F9AL \TCOME IS ?AT CAPITAL IS AN?ROPOMORPHIZ$4 ,! DOME/ICATION ( HUMANITY IS CLOSELY B\ND UP ) ANO!R PH5OM5ON :I* HAS 9T5SIFI$ EV5 FUR!R ! PASSIVITY ( HUMAN BE+S3 CAPITAL HAS 9 EFFECT 0ESCAP$04 ,ECONOMIC PROCESSES >E \T ( CONTROL & ?OSE :O >E 9 A POSITION TO 9FLU5CE !M N[ REALIZE ?AT 9 ! FACE ( ?IS !Y >E P[]LESS3 !Y HAVE BE5 COMPLETELY \TMANOEUV]$4 ,AT ! GLOBAL LEVEL1 CAPITAL'S ESCAPE IS EVID5T 9 ! MONET>Y CRISIS2.<#a.> OV]POPULATION1 POLLUTION & ! EXHAU/ION ( NATURAL RES\RCES4 ,! DOME/ICATION ( HUMANITY & ! ESCAPE ( CAPITAL >E CONCEPTS :I* CAN EXPLA9 ! M5TALITY & ACTIVITY ( ?OSE :O CLAIM TO BE REVOLUTION>IES & BELIEVE ?AT !Y CAN 9T]V5E TO HA/5 ! ONSET ( REVOLUTION3 ! FACT IS ?AT !Y >E PLAY+ ROLES :I* >E A P>T ( ! OLD WORLD4 ,! REVOLUTION ALWAYS ELUDES !M & :5 !RE IS ANY K9D ( UPHEAVAL !Y SEE IT AS SOME?+ EXT]NAL TO !M1 :I* !Y HAVE TO *ASE AFT] 9 ORD] TO BE ACKN[L$G$ AS 0REVOLUTION>IES04 

,= A CONSID]ABLE TIME1 HUMAN BE+S HAVE1 /RICTLY SPEAK+1 BE5 \T/RIPP$ BY ! MOVEM5T ( CAPITAL :I* !Y >E NO LONG] ABLE TO CONTROL4 ,?IS EXPLA9S :Y SOME PEOPLE ?9K ?AT ! ONLY SOLUTION IS FLI<T 9TO ! PA/1 AS ) ! FA%IONABLE PREOCCUPATION ) MY/ICISM1 Z51 YOGA & TANTRAISM 9 ! ,U4,S4 ,O!RS W\LD RA!R TAKE REFUGE 9 ! OLD MY?S :I* REJECT ! TOTAL & ALL-P]VAD+ TYRANNY ( SCI5CE & TE*NOLOGY4 7,(T5 ?IS IS ALL COMB9$ ) ! USE ( SOME DRUG :I* GIVES ! ILLUSION ( ! RAPID >RIVAL ( A WORLD DIFF]5T FROM ! HORROR WE >E N[ LIV+ ?R\<4.<#b.>7 ,ON ! O!R H&1 !RE >E PEOPLE :O SAY ?AT ONLY SCI5CE & TE*NOLOGY CAN BE RELI$ UPON TO PROVIDE ! ANSW]S -- :I* W\LD EXPLA9 :Y C]TA9 WOM5 9 ! FEM9I/ MOVEM5T >E ABLE TO 5VISAGE !IR EMANCIPATION ?R\< P>!NOG5ESIS OR BY ! PRODUCTION ( BABIES 9 9CUBATORS4.<#c.> ,!RE >E O!RS :O BELIEVE !Y CAN FI<T AGA9/ VIOL5CE BY PUTT+ =W>D REM$IES AGA9/ AGGRESSIV5ESS1 & SO ON4 ,!SE PEOPLE ALL SUBSCRIBE1 9 A G5]AL WAY1 TO ! PROPOSITION ?AT EA* PROBLEM PRESUPPOSES ITS [N P>TICUL> SCI5TIFIC SOLUTION4 ,!Y >E !RE=E ESS5TIALLY PASSIVE1 S9CE !Y TAKE ! VIEW ?AT ! HUMAN BE+ IS A SIMPLE OBJECT TO BE MANIPULAT$4 ,!Y >E ALSO COMPLETELY UNEQUIPP$ TO CREATE NEW 9T]HUMAN RELATION%IPS 7:I* IS SOME?+ !Y HAVE 9 COMMON ) ! ADV]S>IES ( SCI5CE72 !Y >E UNABLE TO SEE ?AT A SCI5TIFIC SOLUTION IS A CAPITALI/ SOLUTION1 BECAUSE IT ELIM9ATES HUMANS & LAYS OP5 ! PROSPECT ( A TOTALLY CONTROLL$ SOCIETY4.<#d.> 

,WE N[ COME TO ! CATEGORY ( PEOPLE :O FEEL ?AT !Y HAVE TO 0DO SOME?+03 !Y >E N[ HAV+ TO REALIZE ?AT !IR UND]/&+ ( ! SITUATION IS TOTALLY 9ADEQUATE1 & !IR EF=TS TO CONCEAL ?IS FACT ONLY MAKES !IR P[]LESSNESS MORE OBVI\S4 ,! 0SIL5T MAJORITY01 :O MAKE UP ! RE/1 >E P]MEAT$ ) ! BELIEF ?AT IT IS PO9TLESS TO DO ANY?+1 BECAUSE !Y SIMPLY HAVE NO P]SPECTIVE4 ,!IR SIL5CE IS NOT CONS5T PURE & SIMPLE1 BUT RA!R EVID5CE ( !IR 9CAPACITY TO 9T]V5E 9 ANY WAY4 ,! PRO( ( ?IS IS ?AT :5 !Y >E MOBILIZ$1 IT IS NEV] = SOME?+ BUT AGA9/ IT4 ,!IR P>TICUL> PASSIVITY IS !RE=E NEGATIVE4 

,IT IS IMPORTANT TO NOTE ?AT ! TWO GR\PS REF]R$ TO ABOVE -- ! ACTIVI/S & ! SIL5T MAJORITY -- CANNOT BE CATALOG$ SIMPLY AS LEFT & RI<T3 ! OLD POLITICAL DI*OTOMY NO LONG] OP]ATES H]E4 ,! CONFUSION :I* ?IS RAISES IS NEV]!LESS IMPORTANT 9 RELATION TO ! ATTITUDE TAK5 T[>DS SCI5CE1 S9CE 9 ! PA/ IT WAS PEOPLE ON ! LEFT :O W]E V]Y COMMITT$ TO SCI5CE1 :]EAS N[ IT IS BE+ CONDEMN$ BY ! ,NEW ,LEFT 79 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES = EXAMPLE74 ,! LEFTRI<T DI*OTOMY LIVES ON1 H[EV]1 AMONG ! OLD REGR\PEM5TS1 ! P>TIES ( ! LEFT & RI<T & ALL ! RACKETS ( ! PA/1 BUT !SE OPPOSITIONS HAVE ALL CEAS$ TO MATT]3 9 ONE WAY OR ANO!R !Y EA* DEF5D CAPITAL EQUALLY4 ,! MO/ ACTIVE ( ALL >E ! V>I\S COMMUNI/ P>TIES BECAUSE !Y DEF5D CAPITAL BY ESP\S+ EXACTLY ! SAME SCI5TIFIC =MS & RATIONAL /RUCTURES :I* CAPITAL USES TO MA9TA9 ITSELF4 

,ALL ! MOVEM5TS ( ! LEFT & RI<T >E FUNCTIONALLY ! SAME 9 AS MU* AS !Y ALL P>TICIPATE 9 A L>G]1 MORE G5]AL MOVEM5T T[>DS ! DE/RUCTION ( ! HUMAN SPECIES4 ,:E!R PEOPLE /AY CONF9$ )9 C]TA9 OBSOLETE /RATEGIES & =MS1 OR :E!R !Y SUBMIT TO ! ME*ANISMS ( TE*NOLOGY -- EI!R WAY ! RESULT IS ! SAME4 ,HI/ORICALLY1 ! CATEGORIES ( LEFT & RI<T SEEM TO EM]GE AS A DUALITY AT ! BEG9N+ ELF ! N9ETE5? C5TURY :5 ! CAPITALI/ MODE ( PRODUCTION WAS BEG9N+ TO EX]T ITS REAL DOM9ATION OV] ! PROCESS ( PRODUCTION1 & WAS BECOM+ A TRUE SOCIAL =CE4 ,?US C]TA9 PEOPLE LIKE ,C>LYLE F\ND !MSELVES 9 OPPOSITION TO ! APOLOGI/S ( CAPITAL1.<#e.> BUT IT WAS LEFT TO ,M>X TO GO FUR!R3 HE AFFIRM$ ! NECESSITY ( DEVELOP+ PRODUCTIVE =CES 7& !RE=E SCI5CE & TE*NOLOGY AS WELL71 & AT ! SAME TIME D5\NC$ !IR NEGATIVE EFFECTS ON PEOPLE 9 ! IMM$IATE SITUATION4 ,BUT HE ?\<T ?AT ALL ?IS W\LD EV5TUALLY LEAD TO A CONTRADICTION SU* ?AT ! DEVELOPM5T ( PRODUCTIVE =CES W\LD NO LONG] BE POSSIBLE )\T ! DE/RUCTION ( ! CAPITALI/ MODE ( PRODUCTION4 ,!REAFT] !SE =CES W\LD BE DIRECT$ BY PEOPLE !MSELVES1 & ALI5ATION W\LD CEASE TO EXI/4 ,BUT ?IS WAS TO PRESUPPOSE ?AT CAPITAL W\LD NOT BE ABLE TO BECOME TRULY AUTONOM\S1 ?AT IT C\LD NOT ESCAPE FROM ! CON/RA9TS ( ! SOCIAL & ECONOMIC BASE ON :I* IT IS BUILT3 ! LAW ( VALUE1 ! EX*ANGE ( CAPITAL & LABOR P[]1 ! RIGOR\S G5]AL EQUIVAL5T 7GOLD71 & SO ON4 

,BY SIMPLY HAV+ 9T]IORIZ$ ! SOCIAL BASE ON :I* IT IS BUILT1 CAPITAL HAS BECOME AUTONOM\S1 FROM :I* PO9T IT HAS !N BE5 ABLE TO MAKE ITS ESCAPE4 ,! HEADLONG PLUNGE ( ITS DEVELOPM5T OV] A NUMB] ( YE>S HAS N[ LET LOOSE GRAVE DANG]S = HUMANITY & = ! :OLE ( NATURE4 ,NOT EV5 ! KE5-WITT$ EXP]TS & ! DRON+ OLD BORES CAN REMA9 ALO( ANY LONG] FROM ! DANG]S ?AT N[ CONFRONT US4 ,TO A C]TA9 DEGREE1 !Y >E EV5 OBLIG$ TO JO9 9 ! COMPANY ( ?OSE :O TALK 9 T]MS ( AN APOCALYPTIC FUTURE4 ,! APOCALYPSE IS FA%IONABLE BECAUSE \R WORLD IS NE>+ ITS 5D1 A WORLD 9 :I* HUMAN BE+S1 9 SPITE ( ALL ! EVID5CE ( !IR WEAKNESS & DEGRADATION1 HAD ALWAYS REMA9$ ! NORM1 ! REF]5CE PO9T ( ! WORLD4 ,BUT HAV+ BE5 PRES5T$ ) ! FACT ?AT ,GOD IS DEAD1 WE N[ HE> ! PROCLAMATION ( ! DEA? ( ! HUMAN BE+4 ,BO? ,GOD & HUMANS YIELD 9 TURN TO SCI5CE1 :I* IS AT ONCE ! GODDESS & S]VANT ( CAPITAL3 SCI5CE PRES5TS ITSELF 9 TODAY'S WORLD AS ! /UDY ( ME*ANISMS ( ADAPTATION :I* WILL ASSIMILATE HUMAN BE+S & NATURE 9TO ! /RUCTURE ( CAPITAL'S PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITY4 ,ALL ! SIGNS 9DICATE ?AT IT IS ?OSE :O >E LEA/ DE/ROY$ AS PEOPLE1 & P>TICUL>LY Y\NG PEOPLE1 :O N[ F9D !MSELVES UNABLE TO ACCEPT ?IS ONSLAU<T ( ADAPTATION & DOME/ICATION2 H5CE !Y >E IMPELL$ TO REFUSE ! SY/EM4 

,! PROCESS ( DOME/ICATION IS SOMETIMES BR\<T AB\T VIOL5TLY1 AS HAPP5S ) PRIMITIVE ACCUMULATION2 MORE (T5 IT PROCE$S 9SIDI\SLY BECAUSE REVOLUTION>IES CONT9UE TO ?9K ACCORD+ TO ASSUMPTIONS :I* >E IMPLICIT 9 CAPITAL & ! DEVELOPM5T ( PRODUCTIVE =CES1 & ALL ( !M %>E 9 EXALT+ ! ONE DIV9ITY1 SCI5CE4 ,H5CE DOME/ICATION & REPRESSIVE CONSCI\SNESS HAVE LEFT \R M9DS FOSSILIZ$ MORE OR LESS TO ! PO9T ( S5ILITY2 \R ACTIONS HAVE BECOME RIGIDIFI$ & \R ?\<TS /]EOTYP$4 ,WE HAVE BE5 ! S\LLESS FROZ5 MASSES FIXAT$ ON ! PO/1 BELIEV+ ALL ! TIME ?AT WE W]E GAZ+ AHEAD 9TO ! FUTURE4 ,BUT AT ! TIME ( ,MAY_/,JUNE '#f#h1 A NEW LIFE ]UPT$ & ! MOVEM5T ( GR[? T[>DS COMMUNISM WAS TAK5 UP AGA94 ,NO NEW !ORY WAS PRODUC$1 NOR DID ANY NEW MODES ( ACTION APPE>4 ,! IMPORTANT FACT WAS ?AT ! /RUGGLE HAD A NEW AIM4 ,IT HAD NO?+ TO DO ) POLITICS1 IDEOLOGY1 SCI5CE OR EV5 SOCIAL SCI5CE 7! LATT] HAV+ BE5 TOTALLY DISCR$IT$74 ,RA!R1 IT WAS A SPECIFIC & VITAL NE$ ASS]T$ AGA9/ ?IS SOCIETY & 9DEP5D5TLY ( IT3 TO 5D ! PASSIVITY IMPOS$ BY CAPITAL1 TO R$ISCOV] COMMUNICATION BETWE5 PEOPLE & TO UNLEA% FREE CREATIVITY & UNRE/RA9$ IMAG9ATION 9 A MOVEM5T ( HUMAN BECOM+4 

,! ,MY?OLOGY ( ! ,PROLET>IAT 

,) ! ADV5T ( ,MAY_/,JUNE '#f#h EV]Y?+ *ANG$ & EV]Y?+ HAS KEPT ON *ANG+ EV] S9CE4 ,?IS IS :Y IT IS NOT POSSIBLE TO UND]/& ! LYCEE 9SURRECTION ( #aigc 7DISCUSS$ BEL[7 & ITS POSSIBLE POT5TIAL EXCEPT 9 RELATION TO ?IS E>LI] MOVEM5T4 

,ACCORD+ TO \R ANALYSIS ( IT1 ! ACTIVITY ( ,MAY_/,JUNE '#f#h WAS CLE> EVID5CE ?AT REVOLUTION HAD POSITIVELY REEM]G$1 SIGNIFY+ ! BEG9N+ ( A NEW REVOLUTION>Y CYCLE4 ,BUT \R >GUM5T H]E PROCE$$ ACCORD+ TO A CLASSI/ ANALYSIS3 ?US WE W5T ON TO DECL>E ?AT ! ,MAY MOVEM5T W\LD RESULT 9 ! PROLET>IAT BE+ RECALL$ TO ITS CLASS BASE4 ,MORE ?AN ?IS1 WE F\ND 9 ! EV5TS ( ?AT P]IOD CONFIRMATION ( \R BELIEF ?AT ! REVOLUTION W\LD FOLL[ A C\RSE ( DEVELOPM5T ALONG L9ES LAID D[N BY ,M>X4 ,BUT 9 PO9T ( FACT1 ! FIR/ CLASSES TO RISE UP 9 #aifh W]E ! SOCIAL /RATA CLOSE/ TO ! E/ABLI%$ SOCIETY1 MADE UP ( PEOPLE :OSE OBJECTIVE 9T]E/S W]E CLOSELY ALIGN$ ) ?OSE ( ! /ATE4 ,! OPPRESS$ CLASSES FOLL[$ ON LAT]1 & IT WAS !Y :O RADICALLY RESOLV$ ! CONTRADICTIONS ?AT ! O!R SOCIAL /RATA WANT$ ONLY TO RE=M4 ,N[ ! C\RSE ( DEVELOPM5T FOLL[$ BY ! ,5GLI% & ,FR5* REVOLUTIONS PROVID$ ! UND]LY+ SUB/ANCE FROM :I* ,M>X'S ?\<T WAS MOLD$4 ,?US 9 ! CASE ( ! ,FR5* REVOLUTION1 ! NOBILITY 9T]V5$ 9 ! SITUATION 9 ! V]Y E>LY /AGES1 ?IS BE+ ! FAM\S NOBLES' REVOLT :I* TOOK PLACE SOME YE>S BE=E #a#g#h#i1 :I* PICK$ UP & AID$ ! /RUGGLE ( HE B\RGEOISIE 7AT ! SAME TIME PREP>+ ! WAY = 5LI<T5$ DESPOTISM74 ,!RE !N FOLL[$ ! B\RGEOIS /RATA LESS TI$ TO ! /ATE1 :I* =M$1 AS ,KAUTSKY REM>K$1 A K9D ( 9TELLIG5TSIA4 ,ONLY !N1 ) ! FAILURE ( RE=M1 ! 9T]NAL COLLAPSE ( ! SY/EM & ! FALL ( ! MON>*Y1 W]E ! PEASANTS & >TISANS DRAWN 9 7! F\R? E/ATE1 ! FUTURE PROLET>IAT71 & IT WAS !Y :O CREAT$ ! F9AL DECISIVE BREAK & 5SUR$ ?AT !RE W\LD BE NO TURN+ BACK4 ,)\T !M1 ! REVOLUTION1 9 AS MU* AS IT 9VOLV$ A *ANGE 9 ! MODE ( PRODUCTION1 W\LD HAVE TAK5 MU* LONG]4 ,9 ,RUSSIA !RE WAS SIMIL> PATT]N ( DEVELOPM5T4 ,! SUGGE/ION H]E IS ?AT ?OSE :O >E MO/ OPPRESS$ & HAVE ! GREATE/ OBJECTIVE 9T]E/ 9 REBELL+ -- & :O =M1 ACCORD+ TO SOME1 ! TRUE REVOLUTION>Y CLASS -- CAN ONLY 9 FACT BR+ !MSELVES 9TO MOVEM5T DUR+ A P]IOD :5 !RE HAS ALREADY BE5 A RUPTURE AT ! CORE ( SOCIETY1 & ! /ATE HAS BE5 CONSID]ABLY WEAK5$4 ,\T ( ! TURMOIL !RE BEG9S TO EM]GE A NEW P]SPECTIVE1 IF ONLY ?R\< ! REALIZATION ?AT LIFE IS NOT GO+ TO CONT9UE AS BE=E1 ?AT IT HAS BECOME NECESS>Y TO F9D SOME O!R WAY4 ,?IS PROCESS IS ONE ( ?OSE ELEM5TS ?AT GIVES EV]Y REVOLUTION A *>ACT] ?AT IS NOT /RICTLY CLASSI/4 ,IT WILL BE MORE ACC5TUAT$ 9 ! CASE ( ! COMMUNI/ REVOLUTION1 BECAUSE IT WON'T BE ! ACTIVITY ( ONE CLASS ONLY1 BUT ( HUMANITY RIS+ UP AGA9/ CAPITAL4 

,AT ! C5T] ( :AT WE AT ONE TIME V5TUR$ TO CALL ! UNIV]SAL CLASS1 OR MORE SIMPLY HUMANITY 7= BO? >E N[ ! SLAVES ( CAPITAL71 !RE >E SOCIAL /RATA :I* EXI/ 9 V]Y CLOSE AFF9ITY ) CAPITAL1 7I4E4 ! NEW MIDDLE CLASSES & ! /UD5TS7 :O >E REBELL+ AGA9/ ! SY/EM4 ,!Y SEE !MSELVES AS DI/9CT /RATA 9 SOCIETY TO ! EXT5T ?AT !Y CLAIM TO BE ABLE TO DETONATE A MOVEM5T :I* WILL REVOLUTIONIZE ! PROLET>IAT & SET IT 9 MOTION -- BUT ?IS IS JU/ A C>ICATURE ( REVOLUTION1 DRAGG$ \T = ! OCCASION DRESS$ UP 9 ALL ITS OLD REGALIA AWKW>DLY GO+ ?R\< ! SAME OLD MOTIONS4 

,! CLASSI/ ANALYSIS :I* WE ADOPT$ ORIG9ALLY C\LD NEV] DO MORE ?AN 9T]PRET REAL EV5TS4 ,! SAME %ORTCOM+ AFFECT$ ! P>TICIPANTS ( ,MAY '#f#h & MADE IT POSSIBLE = !M TO P]CEIVE !MSELVES ACCORD+ TO ! OLD S*EMATA4 ,IT IS BECOM+ 9CREAS+LY OBVI\S ?AT !SE ACTIVE P>TICIPANTS W]E M5 & WOM5 :O W]E P]SONALLY & V]Y 9TIMATELY 9VOLV$ 9 ! LIFE & FUNCTION+ ( CAPITAL1 & MORE ESPECIALLY W]E HAV+ TO JU/IFY & MA9TA9 ITS REPRES5TATION1.<#f.> :O !N W5T 9TO REVOLT AGA9/ IT4 ,BUT !IR REVOLT IS COMPLETELY RECUP]ABLE AS LONG AS IT MOVES ON ! WORN \T ROAD ( CLASS /RUGGLE :I* ASPIRES TO AWAK5 ! PROLET>IAT & MAKE IT ACCOMPLI% ITS MISSION4 

,H]E WE MEET A CLE> IMPASSE4 ,! ROLE ( ! PROLET>IAT HAS BE5 TO DE/ROY ! CAPITALI/ MODE ( PRODUCTION 9 ORD] TO LIB]ATE ! PRODUCTIVE =CES IMPRISON$ )9 IT3 COMMUNISM WAS TO BEG9 ONLY AFT] ?IS ACTION WAS ACCOMPLI%$4 ,BUT F> FROM IMPRISON+ ! PRODUCTIVE =CES1 CAPITALISM RAISES !M TO NEW HEI<TS1 BECAUSE !Y EXI/ = ! B5EFIT ( CAPITAL1 NOT HUMANITY4 ,! PROLET>IAT !RE=E1 IS SUP]FLU\S4 ,! REV]SAL REF]R$ TO JU/ N[1 :]EBY ! PRODUCTIVE =CES >E LIB]AT$ BY CAPITAL1 RA!R ?AN BY ! PROLET>IAT1 :I* HAS BE5 MADE POSSIBLE ?ANKS TO ! DEVELOPM5T ( SCI5CE1 IS A DEVELOPM5T 9 P>ALLEL ) ! DOME/ICATION ( HUMAN BE+S4 ,!IR DOME/ICATION IS !IR ACCEPTANCE ( ! DEVELOPM5T ( CAPITAL AS !ORIZ$ BY ,M>XISM1 :I* IS ITSELF ! >*-DEF5D] ( ! GR[? ( PRODUCTIVE =CES4 ,9 ! C\RSE ( ?IS DEVELOPM5T1 ! PROLET>IAT AS PRODUC] ( SURPLUS VALUE HAS BE5 D5I$ EV5 ?IS FUNCTION BY ! G5]ALIZATION ( WAGE LABOR & ! DE/RUCTION ( ANY POSSIBLE DI/9CTION BETWE5 PRODUCTIVE & UNPRODUCTIVE WORK4 ,! ONCE REV]$ PROLET>IAT HAS N[ BECOME ! /RONGE/ UPHOLD] ( ! CAPITALI/ MODE ( PRODUCTION4 ,:AT DOES ! PROLET>IAT WANT8 ,& ?OSE :O SPEAK 9 ! NAME ( ! PROLET>IAT & HAPPILY V5]ATE ITS NAME -- :AT DO !Y WANT8 ,IF IT IS FULL EMPLOYM5T & SELF-MANAGEM5T1 ?IS W\LD ONLY 5SURE ! P]MAN5T CONT9UITY ( ! CAPITALI/ MODE ( PRODUCTION S9CE IT HAS N[ BECOME HUMANIZ$4 ,! LEFT ALL BELIEVE ?AT ! PROCESS ( PRODUCTION1 BE+ RATIONALITY 9 ACTION1 ONLY NE$S TO BE MADE TO FUNCTION = HUMAN NE$S4 ,BUT ?IS RATIONALITY IS CAPITAL ITSELF4 

,! MY?OLOGY ( ! PROLET>IAT ACC\NTS = H[ ! 0POPULISM0 ( ,MAY '#f#h1 AS WE CALL$ IT1 BECAME 0PROLET>IANISM04 ,PEOPLE />T$ TO SAY3 0,WE MU/ GO TO ! PROLET>IAT1 REVIVE ITS FI<T+ SPIRIT1 SUMMON UP ITS CAPACITIES = SELF-SACRIFICE & !N IT CAN KICK \T ! EVIL BOSSES & FOLL[ ! O!R 'PROLET>IANS' D[N ! ROAD TO REVOLUTION40 

,MAY '#f#h U%]$ 9 A P]IOD ( GREAT SCORN & CONFUSION4 ,PEOPLE W]E SCORNFUL ( !MSELVES BECAUSE !Y W]5'T 0PROLET>IAN01 & !Y SCORN$ EA* O!R = ! SAME REASON1 :]EAS !Y W]E ALL CONFUS$ AB\T ! PROLET>IAT1 ! CLASS ?AT HAD ALWAYS BE5 CONSID]$ POT5TIALLY REVOLUTION>Y4 ,!RE IS NO O!R WAY TO EXPLA9 ! IMPASSE 5C\NT]$ BY ! MOVEM5T :I* =M$ ITSELF 9 OPPOSITION TO ! E/ABLI%$ SOCIETY4 ,?IS IMPASSE DID NOT H[EV] BECOME CLE> ALL AT ONCE1 BECAUSE 9 ! 5?USIASM :I* FOLL[$ ,MAY '#f#h ! MOVEM5T ( OPPOSITION TOOK ON A C]TA9 LIFE ( ITS [N1 & ! ESS5TIAL QUE/IONS W]E ALL[$ TO REMA9 ON ! SIDEL9ES4 ,BUT NOT ONLY ?IS1 ! %OCK ( ,MAY '#f#h CAUS$ A REVIVAL & A REEM]G5CE ( ! CURR5TS ( ! WORK]S MOVEM5T :I* HAD UP TO !N BE5 HELD 9 GREAT DISDA9 BY ! E/ABLI%$ P>TIES & CONSIGN$ TO OBLIVION3 ! C\NCIL MOVEM5T 9 ALL ITS V>IANTS1 ! OLD ,G]MAN ,COMMUNI/ ,WORK]S ,P>TY 7,K,A,P,D71 ! IDEAS ( 9DIVIDUALS LIKE ,LUKACS & ,KORS*1 & SO ON4 ,?IS RESURRECTION ( ! PA/ WAS A SIGN ?AT PEOPLE HAD NOT GRASP$ DIRECTLY ! REALITY ( ! SITUATION1 & ?AT ! SITUATION ITSELF WAS UNABLE TO 5G5D] NEW =MS ( /RUGGLE & O!R !ORETICAL APPROA*ES4 ,NEV]!LESS1 TO 9TELLECTUALLY RETRACE ?AT PA? ALREADY SO WELL TRAVEL$ IS EV5 /ILL A =M ( REVOLT1 BECAUSE IT WON'T B[ TO ! TYRANNY ( :AT HAS SIMPLY 0HAPP5$04 ,IT CAN MOREOV] BE A />T+ PO9T 9 F9D+ \T AB\T ! ORIG9S ( ! W&]+ ( HUMANITY1 & A FIR/ /EP 9 CONFRONT+ HUMANITY'S FATE :I* IS TO HAVE BE5 EXCLUD$ FROM ITS [N HUMAN CONTEXT & CONDEMN$ TO ! PRODUCTIVI/ SEW]4 

,WE W]E SPEAK+ E>LI] ( AN 0IMPASSE04 ,AS AN IMAGE IT IS NOT AS SUGGE/IVE AS WE W\LD LIKE1 BUT IT IS NEV]!LESS ! HE>T ( ! MATT]4 ,IT IS LIKE A WALL :I* /&S 9 FRONT ( ALL ! DIFF]5T GR\PS ( ?IS VA/ CURR5T 9 SOCIETY1 & ?IS WALL IS ! PROLET>IAT & ITS REPRES5TATION4.<#g.> ,MILITANTS GO FROM ONE GR\P TO ANO!R1 & AS !Y DO SO !Y 0*ANGE0 IDEOLOGY1 DRAGG+ ) !M EA* TIME ! SAME LOAD ( 9TRANSIG5CE & SECT>IANISM4 ,A FEW ( !M MANAGE1 EXTREMELY L>GE TRAJECTORIES1 GO+ FROM ,L59ISM TO SITUATIONISM1 TO R$ISCOV] NEO-BOL%EVISM & !N PASS+ TO C\NCILISM4 ,!Y ALL COME UP AGA9/ ?IS WALL & >E ?R[N BACK FUR!R 9 SOME CASES ?AN 9 O!RS4 ,! WALL IS AN EFFECTIVE B>RI] AGA9/ ANY POSSIBLE !ORETICAL & PRACTICAL COMB9ATION4 7,9 ,G]MANY Y\ CAN EV5 COME ACROSS ANTIAU?ORIT>IAN TROTSKYI/S1 ,KORS*I/ TROTSKYI/S1 ETC47 

,ADMITT$LY1 )9 !SE GR\PS1 JU/ AS ) C]TA9 9DIVIDUALS1 !RE >E ASPECTS :I* >E F> FROM NEGATIVE1 S9CE A C]TA9 NUMB] ( ?+S HAVE BE5 PROP]LY UND]/OOD2 BUT EV5 ?IS UND]/&+ IS DE=M$ BY ! JACK-(-ALL-TRADES M5TALITY :I* IS ! SPIRITUAL COMPLEM5T ( COM+ TOGE!R 9 A GR\PSCULE4 

,9 PREVI\S >TICLES.<#h.> IT HAS BE5 CLE>LY %[N ?AT IT IS NOT POSSIBLE TO F9D ! KEY TO ! REPRES5TATION ( ! PROLET>IAT )\T FIR/ CALL+ 9TO QUE/ION ! ,M>XI/ CONCEPTION ( ! DEVELOPM5T ( ! PRODUCTIVE =CES1 ! LAW ( VALUE1 & SO ON4 ,YET ! PROLET>IAT IS MADE 9TO A FETI%1 & BECAUSE IT RAISES SU* /RONG E?ICAL & PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS1 IT IS /ILL ! ONE ELEM5T :I* WEI<S MO/ HEAVILY ON ! CONSCI\SNESS ( REVOLUTION>IES4 ,BUT ONCE ?IS FETI% IS *ALL5G$ & SE5 = :AT IT IS1 !N ! :OLE !ORETICAL_/ IDEOLOGICAL $IFICE JU/ COLLAPSES 9 CONFUSION4 ,& YET !RE /ILL SEEMS TO BE ?IS UNSPOK5 ASSUMPTION ?AT EA* 9DIVIDUAL MU/ BE ATTA*$ TO A GR\P & BE ID5TIFI$ AS A P>T ( IT 9 ORD] TO HAVE ! SECURITY & /R5G? TO FACE ! 5EMY4 ,!RE IS ! FE> ( BE+ ALONE -- ACCOMPANI$ NONE!LESS BY A G5U9E REALIZATION ?AT IT IS NECESS>Y TO JO9 TOGE!R TO DE/ROY CAPITALISM -- BUT !RE IS ALSO ! FE> ( 9DIVIDUALITY1.<#i.> AN 9ABILITY TO CONFRONT 9 AN AUTONOM\S WAY ! FUNDAM5TAL QUE/IONS ( \R P]IOD4 ,IT IS ANO!R MANIFE/ATION ( ! DOME/ICATION ( HUMAN BE+S SUFF]+ FROM ! DISEASE ( DEP5D5CY4 

,! ,LYCEE ,MOVEM5T1 ,P>IS1 #aigc 

,FOLL[+ ON ?IS1 ! REAL IMPORTANCE ( ! LYCEE MOVEM5T 7,SPR+1 #a#i#g#c7 CAN BE BETT] APPRECIAT$4 ,IT BR\<T 9TO CLE> P]SPECTIVE SOME?+ ?AT HAD ONLY BE5 SE5 9 \TL9E 9 ,MAY'#f#h3 ! CRITIQUE ( REPRESSIVE CONSCI\SNESS4 ,REPRESSIVE CONSCI\SNESS ORIG9AT$ ) ,M>XISM 9 SO F> AS ! LATT] IS A CONCRETE =MULA = ! FUTURE ( ! HUMAN SPECIES3 PROLET>IAN REVOLUTION WAS SUPPOS$ TO COME AB\T :5 ! DEVELOPM5T ( ! PRODUCTIVE =CES ALL[$ IT4 ,?IS LEGALI/IC & REPRESSIVE CONSCI\SNESS OP]ATES BY EXPLA9+ AWAY POPUL> UPRIS+S1 BR&+ !M AS PREMATURE1 PETIT-B\RGEOIS1 ! WORK ( IRRESPONSIBLE ELEM5TS1 ETC4 ,IT IS A CONSCI\SNESS :I* GOES TO ! ROOTS ( REIFICATION1 BECAUSE IT CAN ONLY BE ORGANIZ$ CONSCI\SNESS1 TAK+ ! =M ( P>TIES1 UNIONS & GR\PUSCLES4 ,EA* ( !M ORGANIZES REPRESSION AGA9/ ?OSE :O >E NOT ORGANIZ$1 OR :O >E NOT ORGANIZ$ ACCORD+ TO !IR P>TICUL> ME?ODS4 ,! DIFF]5CE BETWE5 !SE ORGANIZATIONS IS MEASUR$ BY ! AM\NT ( REPRESSION !Y >E PREP>$ TO EX]CISE4 

,N[ ! CRITIQUE ( REPRESSIVE CONSCI\SNESS DOES NOT ATTACK ! MY? ( ! PROLET>IAT DIRECTLY BY >GU+ OV] IT1 BUT RA!R MORE 9DIRECTLY1 BY IGNOR+ IT & TREAT+ IT ) D]ISION4 ,! Y\NG PEOPLE ON ?IS OCCASION DIDN'T FALL 9TO ! TRAP ( LOOK+ TO WORK]I/ ORGANIZATIONS 9 ORD] TO =M A UNIFI$ FRONT 9 ! /YLE ( ,MAY '#f#h4 ,BUT POLITICIANS ( ALL K9DS W5T AFT] !M TRY+ TO GET !M 09VOLV$03 ! ,P,C,F1 ,P,S1 ,P,S,U1 ,C,G,T1 ,C,F,D,T.<#a.> & ! RE/ W5T *AS+ AFT] HI< S*OOL KIDS TRY+ TO P]SUADE !M ?AT !Y W]E ALL SOMEH[ UND] ! SAME BANN]4 ,:5 ! /UD5TS BROKE AWAY FROM ! UNIT>Y DEMON/RATIONS1 AS !Y V]Y (T5 DID1 \T CAME ! POLITICAL MASQU]ADE OBSC5ELY (F]+ ITSELF = SALE3 ! VET]AN POLITICAL HACKS & ! H>D5$ OLD TEMPTRESSES ( ! ,P,C,F & ! ,C,C,T1 DISCOV]+ FIVE YE>S AFT] ,MAY '#f#h ! POLITICAL IMPORTANCE ( Y\?1 M>*+ ALONG DEM&+ DEF]M5T = EV]YONE1 :ILE ! /UD5TS LOOK$ ON & JE]$4 ,IT SEEM$ ALMO/ AS ?\< ! Y\NG PEOPLE HAD BE5 SPIRIT$ (F & !IR PLACES TAK5 BY !IR ELD]S 6 

,MORE RIDICULE WAS 9 /ORE = ! POLITICIANS ( EV]Y V>IETY :O AFFIRM$ ONCE AGA9 DUR+ !SE EV5TS ! PRIMACY ( ! PROLET>IAT1 DECL>+ ?AT ! CRITICAL REVOLUTION>Y MOM5T WAS TO BE OCCASION$ BY A /RIKE ( SKILL$ WORK]S4 ,?IS IS BECAUSE !Y CAN'T CONCEIVE ( REVOLUTION UNLESS IT APPE>S DRESS$ 9 OV]ALLS4 ,SKILL$ WORK]S DO NOT ?REAT5 ! CAPITALI/ SY/EM2 ! CAPITALI/ MODE ( PRODUCTION HAS LONG S9CE ACCEPT$ RISES 9 WAGES1 & AS = WORK+ CONDITIONS1 CAPITAL IS WELL QUALIFI$ TO IMPROVE !M4 ,?US ! ABOLITION ( ASSEMBLY L9E WORK IS A WELL RECOGNIZ$ NECESSITY 9 SOME BOSSES' CIRCLES4 

,! LYCEE MOVEM5T BELITTL$ ! 9/ITUTIONS ( SOCIETY & !IR DEF5D]S4 ,?OSE :O WANT$ 7ALBEIT RELUCTANTLY7 TO BR+ !MSELVES D[N TO ! LEVEL ( 0\R VALIANT Y\NG/]S0 BEHAV$ RIDICUL\SLY -- AFT] ALL1 RECUP]ATION HAS TO PAY ITS PRICE4 ,ON ! O!R H&1 ?OSE :O WANT$ TO C\NT] ! MOVEM5T FROM )9 & DIDN'T SUCCE$1 JU/ PROCE$$ TO DESPISE IT1 & 9 ?IS MANN] !Y BR\<T D[N A SIMIL> RIDICULE ON !MSELVES4 ,BUT !N IT WAS ! TURN ( ! M5 ( GOV]NM5T3 \T !Y CAME1 BLEAT+ AB\T H[ WE'VE ALREADY GOT DEPUTIES & A P>LIAM5T & ?AT WE %\LD MAKE USE ( !M TO SORT \T ! PROBLEMS ?AT REMA9 UNSOLV$4 ,! Y\NG PEOPLE ACT$ AS ?\< NONE ( ?IS EXI/$4 ,ONCE AGA91 AS 9 ,MAY '#f#h1 !RE WAS NO COMMUNICATION1 NO UND]/&+ BETWE5 ! TWO SIDES 70,WE'RE NOT CLOS$ TO >GUM5TS1 BUT REALLY ,I DON'T KN[ :AT IT IS !Y WANT0 -- ,FONTANET1 ! ,$UCATION M9I/]74 ,!Y FONDLY IMAG9E ?AT Y\NG PEOPLE WANT TO DISCUSS ) !M & PRES5T OPPOS+ >GUM5TS4 ,?IS IS A REVOLUTION ( LIFE ITSELF1.<#a#a.> A SE>* = ANO!R WAY ( LIV+4 ,DIALOGUE %\LD BE CONC]N$ ONLY ) ! PLANS & IDEAS = REALIZ+ ?IS DESIRE4 ,NO DIALOGUE CAN TAKE PLACE BETWE5 ! SOCIAL ORD] & ?OSE :O >E TO OV]?R[ IT4 ,IF DIALOGUE IS /ILL SE5 AS A POSSIBILITY1 !N ?IS W\LD BE AN 9DICATION ?AT ! MOVEM5T IS FALT]+4 

,UND]LY+ ALL ?IS IS A PR(\NDLY IMPORTANT PH5OM5ON3 ALL HUMAN LIFE1 FROM ! V]Y BEG9N+ ( ITS DEVELOPM5T )9 CAPITALI/ SOCIETY1 HAS UND]GONE AN IMPOV]I%M5T4 ,MORE ?AN ?IS1 CAPITALI/ SOCIETY IS DEA? ORGANIZ$ ) ALL ! APPE>ANCES ( LIFE4 ,H]E IT IS NOT A QUE/ION ( DEA? AS ! EXT9CTION ( LIFE1 BUT DEA?-9-LIFE1 DEA? ) ALL ! SUB/ANCE & P[] ( LIFE4 ,! HUMAN BE+ IS DEAD & IS NO MORE ?AN A RITUAL ( CAPITAL4 ,Y\NG PEOPLE /ILL HAVE ! /R5G? TO REFUSE ?IS DEA?2 !Y >E ABLE TO REBEL AGA9/ DOME/ICATION4 ,!Y DEM& TO LIVE4 ,BUT TO ?OSE GREAT NUMB]S ( SMUGLY COMPLAC5T PEOPLE1 :O LIVE ON EMPTY DREAMS & FANTASIES1 ?IS DEM&1 ?IS PASSIONATE NE$ JU/ SEEMS IRRATIONAL1 OR1 AT BE/1 A P>ADISE :I* IS BY DEF9ITION 9ACCESSIBLE4 

,Y\? REMA9S A S]I\S PROBLEM = CAPITAL BECAUSE IT IS A P>T ( SOCIETY :I* IS /ILL UNDOME/ICAT$4 ,! LYCEE /UD5TS DEMON/RAT$ NOT ONLY AGA9/ MILIT>Y S]VICE & ! >MY1 BUT ALSO1 & JU/ AS MU*1 AGA9/ ! S*OOL1 ! UNIV]SITY & ! FAMILY4 ,S*OOLS FUNCTION AS ! ORGANIZATION ( ! PASSIVITY ( ! S\L1 & ?IS IS TRUE EV5 :5 ACTIVE & LIB]T>IAN ME?ODS >E US$2 ! LIB]ATION ( ! S*OOL W\LD BE ! LIB]ATION ( OPPRESSION4 ,9 ! NAME ( HI/ORY1 SCI5CE & PHILOSOPHY1 EA* 9DIVIDUAL IS S5T D[N A CORRIDOR ( PASSIVITY1 9TO A WORLD SURR\ND$ BY WALLS4 ,KN[L$GE & !ORY >E JU/ SO MANY 9SURM\NTABLE B>RI]S :I* PREV5T ONE 9DIVIDUAL FROM RECOGNIZ+ O!R 9DIVIDUALS1 MAK+ DIALOGUE BETWE5 !M IMPOSSIBLE4 ,DISC\RSE MU/ PROCE$ ALONG C]TA9 *ANNELS1 BUT ?AT'S ALL4 ,& !N AT ! 5D ( ! PIPEL9E1 !RE IS ! >MY1 :I* IS A FACTORY = DOME/ICATION2 IT ORGANIZES PEOPLE 9TO A G5]AL WILL TO KILL O!RS1 /RUCTUR+ ! DI*OTOMY ALREADY IMPR9T$ 9 !IR M9DS BY ! SECUL> MORALITY ( 0MY NATION0 & 0O!R PEOPLE01 ALL ( :OM >E POT5TIAL 5EMIES4 ,PEOPLE >E TRA9$ & $UCAT$ TO KN[ H[ TO JU/IFY ! UNJU/IFIABLE -- ! KILL+ ( M5 & WOM54 

,WE DO NOT D5Y ?AT ?IS AGITATION BE=E ,EA/] HAD L>GELY RE=MI/ T5D5CIES4 ,! RE=MI/ ASPECTS W]E :AT ATTRACT$ RECUP]ATION1 BUT ?AT IS NOT :AT 9T]E/S US H]E BECAUSE IT TELLS US NO?+ AB\T ! REAL MOVEM5T ( /RUGGLE ( ! SPECIES AGA9/ CAPITAL4 ,AS ) ,MAY '#f#h1 ?IS MOVEM5T WAS SUP]FICIAL1 7?\< ONLY A MORE RADICAL AGITATION FROM B5EA? C\LD HAVE RAIS$ IT TO ! SURFACE 9 ! FIR/ PLACE71 & IT WILL OP5 ! DOOR TO AN IMPROV$ RE/RUCTUR+ ( ! DESPOTISM ( CAPITAL1 5ABL+ IT BETT] TO REALIZE ITS [N 0MOD]NIZATION04 

,! ,DESPOTISM ( ,CAPITAL 

,S*OOLS & UNIV]SITIES >E /RUCTURES ?AT >E TOO RIGID = ! GLOBAL PROCESS ( CAPITAL1 & ! SAME ?+ HOLDS TRUE = ! >MY4.<#a#b.> ,! RAPID DECL9E ( KN[L$GE & ! DEVELOPM5T ( MASS M$IA HAVE DE/ROY$ ! OLD S*OOL SY/EM4 ,TEA*]S & PR(ESSORS >E1 FROM ! PO9T ( VIEW ( CAPITAL1 USELESS BE+S :O WILL T5D TO BE ELIM9AT$ 9 FAVOR ( PROGRAMM$ LESSONS & TEA*+ MA*9ES4 7,9 JU/ ! SAME WAY1 CAPITAL T5DS TO ELIM9ATE ! BUREAUCRACY BECAUSE IT 9HIBITS ! TRANSMISSION ( 9=MATION :I* IS ! V]Y BASIS ( CAPITAL'S MOBILITY47 ,IT IS IRONIC !N ?AT MANY PEOPLE :O >GUE = ! NECESSITY ( LIFE TURN \T TO BE READILY CONV9C$ BY SOLUTIONS :I* 5TRU/ TEA*+ TO MA*9ES & ?US ELIM9ATE HUMAN LIFE4 ,AS A G5]AL RULE1 IT MAY BE SAID ?AT ALL :O EMBRACE 0MOD]NIZATION0 >E 9 FACT PROVOK+ !IR [N CONDEMNATION AS 9DIVIDUALS ) A C]TA9 FUNCTION 9 ?IS SOCIETY2 !Y >E DEM&+ !IR [N DISPOSSESSION4 ,BUT EV5 ?OSE O!RS :O PREA* AB\T ! NE$ TO RETURN TO ! RIGID & AU?ORIT>IAN CLIMATE :I* PREVAIL$ BE=E #aifh WILL NOT F>E ANY BETT]1 BECAUSE 9 ORD] = !IR PLANS TO SUCCE$1 !Y /ILL HAVE TO DEP5D ON CAPITAL1 & EI!R WAY1 LEFT OR RI<T1 CAPITAL PR(ITS EQUALLY4 

,CAPITAL IMPOSES ITS DESPOTISM ON HUMAN BE+S BY MEANS ( OBJECTS & ?+S :I* >E 9VE/$ ) NEW MODES ( BE+ APPROPRIATE TO CAPITAL'S NEW REQUIREM5TS4 ,IT IMPLIES A WORLD ( ?+S :I* >E 9 RAPID MOTION1 CON/ANTLY *ANG+ & DIFF]5TIAT+ !MSELVES 7A PROCESS :I* IS CLE>LY NOT UNRELAT$ TO A FEEL+ ( MEAN+LESSNESS74 ,!SE QUALITIES 9EVITABLY CONFLICT ) TRADITIONAL SOCIAL RELATIONS & PREVI\S WAYS ( LIFE1 9CLUD+ PREVI\S WAYS ( ?9K+4 ,IT IS ?+S :I* >E ! REAL SUBJECTS4 ,!Y IMPOSE !IR [N RHY?M ( LIFE & 5SURE ?AT PEOPLE >E CONF9$ TO ! LEVEL ( !IR [N S+LE EXI/5CES4 ,BUT BECAUSE OBJECTS & ?+S >E !MSELVES GOV]N$ & CONTROLL$ BY ! MOVEM5T ( CAPITAL1 !RE IS ALWAYS ! POSSIBILITY ?AT ?IS RIS+ NEW OPPRESSION C\LD ACTUALLY SET 9 MOTION AN 9SURRECTIONAL MOVEM5T AGA9/ ! SOCIETY ( CAPITAL ITSELF4 ,& YET CAPITAL 9 ITS TURN IS ABLE TO PR(IT FROM SUBV]SION 9 ORD] TO CONSOLIDATE ITSELF1 AS IT DID DUR+ ! E>LY YE>S ( ?IS C5TURY4 ,! REVOLT ( ! PROLET>IAT1 CONF9$ AS IT WAS TO ! T]RA9 ( ! FACTORY & EMPHASIZ+ ! ORD]+ ( PRODUCTION1 WAS A FACTOR :I* ACTUALLY AID$ CAPITAL 9 ITS MOVEM5T T[>DS REAL DOM9ATION4 ,! 5D RESULT WAS ! ELIM9ATION ( /RATA ?AT W]E UNNECESS>Y = ! PROGRESS ( CAPITAL1 ! TRIUMPH ( FULL EMPLOYM5T1 ! AB&ONM5T ( LAISSEZ-FAIRE LIB]ALISM1 & SO ON4 

,WE >E NOT SUGGE/+ ?AT REVOLUTION %\LD RISE DIRECTLY \T ( ! CONFLICT WE W]E SPEAK+ ( JU/ N[1 NOR >E WE SAY+ ?AT ! 9/IGATORS ( IT WILL BE M5 & WOM5 :O >E ORD9>ILY V]Y CONS]VATIVE4 ,! PO9T WE WANT TO EMPHASIZE IS ?IS3 CAPITAL MU/ COME TO DOM9ATE ALL HUMAN BE+S1 & 9 ORD] TO DO ?IS IT CAN NO LONG] DEP5D 5TIRELY = ITS SUPPORT ON ! OLD SOCIAL /RATA :I* >E 9 TURN COM+ UND] ?REAT !MSELVES4 ,?IS IS A T5D5CY :I* ,FRANZ ,BORK5AU UND]/OOD V]Y PRECISELY3 

9 ?IS TREM5D\S CONTRA/ ) PREVI\S REVOLUTIONS1 ONE FACT IS REFLECT$4 ,BE=E !SE LATT] YE>S1 C\NT]-REVOLUTION USUALLY DEP5D$ ON ! SUPPORT ( REACTION>Y P[]S :I* W]E TE*NICALLY & 9TELLECTUALLY 9F]IOR TO ! =CES ( REVOLUTION4 ,?IS HAS *ANG$ ) ! ADV5T ( FASCISM4 ,N[1 EV]Y REVOLUTION IS LIKELY TO MEET ! ATTACK ( ! MO/ MOD]N1 MO/ EFFICI5T1 MO/ RU?LESS MA*9]Y YET 9 EXI/5CE4 ,IT MEANS ?AT ! AGE ( REVOLUTIONS FREE TO EVOLVE ACCORD+ TO !IR [N LAWS IS OV]4.<#a#c.> 

,WE HAVE GOT TO REMEMB] ?AT CAPITAL1 AS IT CON/ANTLY OV]?R[S TRADITIONAL PATT]NS ( LIFE1 IS ITSELF REVOLUTION4 ,?IS %\LD LEAD US TO ?9K AGA9 AB\T ! NATURE ( REVOLUTION1 & TO REALIZE ?AT CAPITAL IS ABLE TO TAKE CONTROL ( SOCIAL =CES 9 ORD] TO OV]?R[ ! E/ABLI%$ ORD] 9 9SURRECTIONS DIRECT$ AGA9/ ! V]Y SOCIETY :I* IT ALREADY DOM9ATES4.<#a#d.> ,NEV] BE=E HAVE VISION & UND]/&+ BE5 MORE VITALLY NECESS>Y2 EV]Y SEP>ATE REVOLT N[ BECOMES A FUR!R /IMULUS = ! MOVEM5T ( CAPITAL4 ,BUT PEOPLE HAVE BE5 ROBB$ ( !IR ABILITY TO ?9K 9 A !ORETICAL WAY & TO P]CEIVE REALITY AS P>T ( ! \TCOME ( AN HI/ORICAL PROCESS -- ?IS HAS HAPP5$ AS A RESULT ( ! PROCESS ( DOME/ICATION4 ,& 9 A SIMIL> WAY1 ?IS CAPACITY = !ORETICAL ?\<T HAS BE5 PREV5T$ FROM EV] TAK+ ROOT 9 ! MAT]IAL DEVELOPM5T ( \R PLANET & 9 US AS A SPECIES DUE TO ! EXI/5CE ( A SPLIT BETWE5 ! M9D & ! BODY1 & ! OLD DIVISION BETWE5 PHYSICAL & 9TELLECTUAL WORK 7:I* AUTOMAT$ SY/EMS >E N[ 9 ! PROCESS ( SURM\NT+ TO CAPITAL'S B5EFIT74 

,REVOLUTION CAN NO LONG] BE TAK5 TO MEAN JU/ ! DE/RUCTION ( ALL ?AT IS OLD & CONS]VATIVE1 BECAUSE CAPITAL HAS ACCOMPLI%$ ?IS ITSELF4 ,RA!R1 IT WILL APPE> AS A RETURN TO SOME?+ 7A REVOLUTION 9 ! MA!MATICAL S5SE ( ! T]M71 A RETURN TO COMMUNITY1 ?\< NOT 9 ANY =M :I* HAS EXI/$ PREVI\SLY4 ,REVOLUTION WILL MAKE ITSELF FELT 9 ! DE/RUCTION ( ALL ?AT :I* IS MO/ 0MOD]N0 & 0PROGRESSIVE0 7BECAUSE SCI5CE IS CAPITAL74 ,ANO!R ( ITS MANIFE/ATIONS WILL 9VOLVE ! REAPPROPRIATION ( ALL ?OSE ASPECTS & QUALITIES ( LIFE :I* HAVE /ILL MANAG$ TO AFFIRM ?AT :I* IS HUMAN4 ,9 ATTEMPT+ TO GRASP :AT ?IS T5D5CY MEANS1 WE CANNOT BE AID$ BY ANY ( ! OLD DUALI/IC1 MANI*EAN CATEGORIES4 7,IT IS ! SAME T5D5CY :I* 9 ! PA/ HAD HELD BACK ! VALORIZATION PROCESS 9 ITS MOVEM5T T[>DS A SITUATION ( COMPLETE AUTONOMY47 ,IF ! TRIUMPH ( COMMUNISM IS TO BR+ AB\T ! CREATION ( HUMANITY1 !N IT REQUIRES ?AT ?IS CREATION BE POSSIBLE1 IT MU/ BE A DESIRE :I* HAS BE5 !RE ALL ! TIME1 = C5TURIES4 ,YET H]E AGA9 NO?+ IS EASY1 OBVI\S1 FREE FROM D\BTS1 & 9DE$ ONE C\LD HAVE LEGITIMATE D\BTS AB\T :AT IT MEANS TO BE HUMAN AFT] ! EXP]I5CE ( COLONIALISM & ,NAZISM1 & !N A SECOND COLONIALISM :I* /RIVES TO MA9TA9 ITSELF 9 SPITE ( REVOLTS 9 ! OPPRESS$ C\NTRIES 7NOTORI\S MASSACRES & TORTURES HAV+ BE5 COMMITT$ BY ! ,BRITI% 9 ,K5YA1 ! ,FR5* 9 ,ALG]IA & ! ,AM]ICANS 9 ,VIETNAM71 & 9 ! FACE ( ! BRUTAL & DEEPROOT$ VIOL5CE ?AT EV]Y:]E CONT9UES TO RAGE UN*ECK$4 ,9DE$1 C\LD IT BE ?AT HUMANITY IS TOO LO/ & SUNK 9 ITS 9F]NAL W&]+ TO SAVE ITSELF8 

,! ,QUE/ION ( ,VIOL5CE 

,! MOVEM5T :I* DEVELOP$ AMONG ! LYCEE /UD5TS WAS AN ASS]TION ( ! COMMUNI/ REVOLUTION 9 ITS HUMAN DIM5SION4 ,! /UD5TS TOOK UP ! QUE/ION ( VIOL5CE 7?\< P]HAPS NOT 9 ITS FULL SCOPE7 9 !IR REFUSAL ( ! >MY1 REFUSAL ( MILIT>Y S]VICE & REFUSAL ( ! UNIV]SAL RI<T TO KILL4 ,BY CONTRA/1 ! GR\PSCULES ( ! LEFT & EXTREME LEFT1 BUT NOT ! AN>*I/S1 PREA* AB\T ! NECESSITY ( LE>N+ TO KILL BECAUSE !Y ?9K !Y CAN MAKE DEA? 0REB\ND0 ON CAPITAL4 ,BUT NONE ( !M 7& ?IS IS P>TICUL>LY TRUE ( ! MO/ EXTREME ELEM5TS7 EV] TAKE 9TO ACC\NT ! FACT ?AT !Y >E SUGGE/+ ! NECESSITY ( DE/ROY+ HUMAN BE+S 9 ORD] TO ACCOMPLI% ?IS REVOLUTION4 ,H[ CAN Y\ CELEBRATE A REVOLUTION ) A RIFLE BUTT8 ,TO ACCEPT ! >MY = ONE REASON1 :ATEV] IT MAY BE1 IS TO /R5G!N ! OPPRESSIVE /RUCTURE AT EV]Y LEVEL4 ,ANY K9D ( >GUM5T ON ?IS SUBJECT S]VES ONLY TO RE9/ATE ! DESPOTISM ( REPRESSIVE CONSCI\SNESS1 ACCORD+ TO :I* PEOPLE MU/ REPRESS ! DESIRE TO NOT KILL BECAUSE KILL+ WILL BE REQUIR$ ( !M AT SOME /AGE 9 ! FUTURE4 7,& 9DE$ SOME PEOPLE >E KN[N TO ACTUALLY REJOICE 9 ?IS PROSPECT74 ,REPRESSIVE CONSCI\SNESS =CES ME TO BE 9HUMAN UND] ! PRETEXT ?AT ON A DAY DECRE$ BY SOME !ORETICAL DE/9Y1 ,I WILL AT LA/ METAMORPHOSIZE 9TO A HUMAN BE+4 

.<,! V>I\S LEFT & EXTREME LEFT CURR5TS.> TRY TO 5SURE ?AT !RE IS NO CONV]G5CE BETWE5 ! 0B\RGEOIS0 DESIRE TO SEE MILIT>Y S]VICE ABOLI%$ & ! LIB]T>IAN PACIFISM :I* UND]LIES CONSCI5TI\S OBJECTION1 SOME?+ ?AT IS ALWAYS MORE OR LESS LAT5T AMONG ! Y\NG4 7,T4 ,PFI/N]1 ,LE ,MONDE1 #bg ,M> '#g#c7 

,VIOL5CE IS A FACT ( LIFE 9 PRES5T DAY SOCIETY2 ! QUE/ION N[ IS H[ ?AT VIOL5CE CAN BE DE/ROY$4 ,REVOLUTION UNLEA%ES VIOL5CE1 BUT IT HAS TO BE UND] \R CONTROL & DIRECTION2 IT CANNOT BE ALL[$ TO OP]ATE BL9DLY1 & IT C]TA9LY CANNOT BE GLORIFI$ & WID5$ 9 ITS FIELD ( ACTION4 ,/ATEM5TS LIKE ?IS MAY S\ND REASONABLE 5\<1 BUT !Y >5'T P>TICUL>LY HELPFUL UNLESS WE GO ON TO CONSID] MORE PRECISELY ! ACTUAL NATURE ( VIOL5CE1 :I* IS DET]M9$ 9 ! FIR/ 9/ANCE BY ITS OBJECT3 ?US VIOL5CE DIRECT$ AGA9/ ! CAPITALI/ SY/EM %\LD BE PRAIS$ & 5C\RAG$1 BUT NOT VIOL5CE AGA9/ PEOPLE4 ,BUT ! CAPITALI/ SY/EM IS REPRES5T$ BY PEOPLE1 & IT IS !SE PEOPLE :O WILL (T5 BE OV]TAK5 BY VIOL5CE4 ,?IS IS :]E ! QUE/ION ( ! LIMITATION ( VIOL5CE BECOMES RELEVANT2 IF IT IS NOT RAIS$1 WE >E /ILL LIV+ ACCORD+ TO ! PRESCRIPTIONS ( CAPITAL4 ,GRANT$ ?AT CAPITAL'S DESPOTISM IS MA9TA9$ ?R\< G5]ALIZ$ VIOL5CE AGA9/ PEOPLE1 IT IS ALSO A FACT ?AT IT CAN ONLY A*IEVE ?IS DOM9ATION OV] PEOPLE BY FIR/ PUTT+ !M 9 OPPOSITION TO ONE ANO!R & !N ALLOTT+ !M DIFF]5T ROLES4 ,:5 CONFLICTS OCCUR1 EA* SIDE !N REPRES5TS ! O!R AS NON-HUMAN 7:I* IS H[ ! ,AM]ICANS SAW ! ,VIETNAMESE74 ,IF HUMAN BE+S >E TO BE DE/ROY$1 !Y MU/ FIR/ BE DESPOIL$ ( !IR HUMANITY4 ,& SO IF1 DUR+ ! REVOLUTION>Y /RUGGLE PEOPLE *OOSE TO PROCE$ ACCORD+ TO ?IS VIEW1 >E !Y NOT SIMPLY IMITAT+ ! ME?ODS US$ BY ! CAPITALI/S1 & ?US FUR!R+ ! DE/RUCTION ( HUMAN BE+S8 

,SO WE MI<T ASK :AT ! LEFTI/S >E PLAY+ AT :5 !Y !ORIZE AB\T ! DE/RUCTION ( ! DOM9ANT CLASS 7RA!R ?AN :AT SUPPORTS IT71 OR ( ! COPS 70! ONLY GOOD COP IS A DEAD ONE078 ,ONE CAN MAKE ! EQUATION ,C,R,S"7,S,S.<#a#e.> ON ! LEVEL ( A SLOGAN1 BECAUSE ?AT ACCURATELY REPRES5TS ! REALITY ( ! TWO ROLES1 BUT IT DOES NOT JU/IFY ! DE/RUCTION ( ! PEOPLE 9VOLV$ -- = TWO REASONS4 ,FIR/LY1 IT EFFECTIVELY RULES \T ! POSSIBILITY ( UND]M9+ ! POLICE =CE4 ,:5 ! POLICE FEEL !Y >E R$UC$ TO ! /ATUS ( SUB-HUMANS1 !Y !MSELVES GO 9TO A K9D ( REVOLT AGA9/ ! Y\NG PEOPLE 9 ORD] TO AFFIRM A HUMANITY :I* IS D5I$ TO !M1 & 9 SO DO+ !Y >E !RE=E NOT SIMPLY PLAY+ ! P>T ( KILL+_/ REPRESSION MA*9ES4 ,SECONDLY1 EV]Y RIOT COP & EV]Y O!R K9D ( COP IS /ILL A P]SON4 ,EA* ONE IS A P]SON ) A DEF9ITE ROLE LIKE EV]YONE ELSE4 ,IT IS DANG]\S TO DELEGATE ALL 9HUMANITY TO ONE P>T ( ! SOCIAL :OLE1 & ALL HUMANITY TO ANO!R4 ,!RE IS NO QUE/ION H]E ( PREA*+ NONVIOL5CE1.<#a#f.> BUT RA!R ( DEF9+ PRECISELY :AT VIOL5CE MU/ BE EX]CIS$ & TO :AT PURPOSE4 ,9 ?IS CONNECTION1 ! FOLL[+ PO9TS %\LD MAKE ! POSITION CLE>]3 FIR/LY1 ALL /]EOTYPES & FUNCTIONS MU/ BE REVEAL$ = :AT !Y >E -- ROLES IMPOS$ ON US BY CAPITAL2 SECONDLY1 WE MU/ REJECT ! !ORY :I* PO/ULATES ?AT ALL ?OSE 9DIVIDUALS :O DEF5D CAPITAL %\LD SIMPLY BE DE/ROY$2 ?IRDLY1 WE CANNOT MAKE EXCEPTIONS ON ! GR\ND ?AT C]TA9 PEOPLE >E NOT FREE1 ?AT IT IS 0! SY/EM0 :I* PRODUCES BO? COPS & REVOLUTION>IES ALIKE4 ,IF ?IS W]E CORRECT1 ! LOGICAL CONCLUSION W\LD BE EI!R A POSITION ( NONVIOL5CE1 OR A SITUATION :]E HUMAN BE+S BECOME R$UC$ TO AUTOMATONS :I* W\LD !N JU/IFY EV]Y K9D ( VIOL5CE AGA9/ !M4 ,IF RI<T FROM ! \TSET C]TA9 PEOPLE >E D5I$ ALL POSSIBILITY ( HUMANITY1 H[ CAN !Y SUBSEQU5TLY BE EXPECT$ TO EM]GE AS REAL HUMAN BE+S8 ,SO IT IS AS HUMAN BE+S ?AT !Y MU/ BE CONFRONT$4 ,N[ ?\< ! MAJORITY ( PEOPLE ?9K 9 T]MS ( ! RADICAL SOLUTION PROVID$ BY CLASS SOCIETY -- I4E41 REPRESS Y\R OPPON5TS -- EV5 9 ?IS =M ! REVOLUTION W\LD ASS]T ITSELF ACCORD+ TO ITS TRUE NATURE1 NAMELY ?AT IT IS HUMAN4 ,:5 ! CONFLICT COMES1 AS IT 9EVITABLY WILL1 !RE %\LD BE NO ATTEMPT TO R$UCE ! V>I\S 9DIVIDUALS :O DEF5D CAPITAL TO ! LEVEL ( 0BE/IAL0 OR ME*ANICAL ADV]S>IES2 !Y HAVE TO BE PUT 9 ! CONTEXT ( !IR HUMANITY1 = HUMANITY IS :AT !Y TOO KN[ !Y >E A P>T ( & >E POT5TIALLY ABLE TO F9D AGA94 ,9 ?IS S5SE ! CONFLICT TAKES ON 9TELLECTUAL & SPIRITUAL DIM5SIONS4 ,! REPRES5TATIONS :I* JU/IFY AN 9DIVIDUAL P]SON'S DEF5SE ( CAPITAL MU/ BE REVEAL$ & DEMY/IFI$2 PEOPLE 9 ?IS SITUATION MU/ BECOME AW>E ( CONTRADICTION1 & D\BTS %\LD >ISE 9 !IR M9DS4 

,T]RORISM ALSO HAS TO BE VIEW$ 9 ?IS P]SPECTIVE4 ,IT IS NOT SUFFICI5T JU/ TO D5\NCE IT AS ABHORR5T4 ,?OSE :O ACCEPT T]RORISM HAVE CAPITULAT$ BE=E ! P[] ( CAPITAL4 ,T]RORISM IS CONC]N$ ) MORE ?AN JU/ ! DE/RUCTION ( SOME PEOPLE3 IT IS ALSO AN APPEAL TO DEA? 9 ORD] TO RAISE UP A HYPO!TICAL REVOLT4 ,?AT ASPECT %\LD BE FAIRLY NOT$1 )\T CONDEMNATION OR APPROVAL1 BUT IT MU/ BE REJECT$ AS A PLAN ( ACTION4 ,T]RORISM IMPLIES ?AT ! 0WALL0 7! PROLET>IAT & ITS REPRES5TATION7 IS AN IMPASSABLE & 9DE/RUCTIBLE B>RI]4 ,T]RORISM HAS ADMITT$ DEFEAT1 & ALL ! REC5T EXAMPLES ( IT >E SUFFICI5T PRO( ( ?IS4 

,WE MU/ RECOGNIZE ?AT ! CRU%+ DOM9ATION ( CAPITAL AFFECTS EV]YONE )\T EXCEPTION4 ,P>TICUL> GR\P+S CANNOT BE DESIGNAT$ AS 0! ELECT01 EXEMPT FROM & UNM>K$ BY CAPITAL'S DESPOTISM4 ,! REVOLUTION>Y /RUGGLE IS A HUMAN /RUGGLE1 & IT MU/ RECOGNIZE 9 EV]Y P]SON ! POSSIBILITY ( HUMANITY4 ,AMID ! CONFLICT ) ! RACKETE]S 9 !IR GR\PSCULES1 ! 0CAPITALI/S0 & ! POLICE 9 ALL !IR =MS1 EA* 9DIVIDUAL MU/ BE VIOL5T ) HIM_/H]SELF 9 ORD] TO REJECT1 AS \TSIDE !MSELVES ! DOME/ICATION ( CAPITAL & ALL ITS COM=TABLE SELF-VALIDAT+ 0EXPLANATIONS04 

,! ,T]RA9 ( ,/RUGGLE 

,NONE ( ?IS CAN TAKE ON ITS FULL MEAN+ UNLESS !RE IS A SIMULTANE\S REFUSAL ( ALL OBSOLETE =MS ( /RUGGLE4 ,LIKE ! ,MAY '#f#h MOVEM5T BUT MORE SO1 ! LYCEE MOVEM5T EMPHASIZ$ V]Y CLE>LY ?AT /AY+ )9 ! OLD =MS ( /RUGGLE 9EVITABLY LEADS TO C]TA9 DEFEAT4 ,IT IS N[ BECOM+ G5]ALLY ACCEPT$ ?AT DEMON/RATIONS1 M>*ES1 SPECTACLES & %[S DON'T LEAD ANY:]E4 ,WAV+ BANN]S1 PUTT+ UP PO/]S1 H&+ \T LEAFLETS1 ATTACK+ ! POLICE >E ALL ACTIVITIES :I* P]PETUATE A C]TA9 RITUAL -- A RITUAL :]E9 ! POLICE >E ALWAYS CA/ 9 ! ROLE ( 9V9CIBLE SUBJUGATORS4 ,! ME?ODS ( /RUGGLE !RE=E MU/ BE PUT ?R\< A ?OR\< ANALYSIS BECAUSE !Y PRES5T AN OB/ACLE TO ! CREATION ( NEW MODES ( ACTION4 ,& = ?IS TO BE EFFECTIVE1 !RE HAS TO BE A REFUSAL ( ! OLD T]RA9 ( /RUGGLE -- BO? 9 ! WORKPLACE & 9 ! /REETS4 ,AS LONG AS REVOLUTION>Y /RUGGLE IS CONDUCT$ NOT ON ITS [N GR\ND BUT ON ! T]RA9 ( CAPITAL1 !RE CAN BE NO SIGNIFICANT BREAK?R\<1 NO QUALITATIVE REVOLUTION>Y LEAP4 ,?IS IS :]E WE MU/ CONC5TRATE \R ATT5TION2 IT IS A QUE/ION :I* HAS TO BE FAC$ N[ IF REVOLUTION IS NOT TO /AGNATE & DE/ROY ITSELF1 A SETBACK :I* C\LD TAKE YE>S TO RECOV] FROM4 ,IF WE >E TO SUCCESSFULLY AB&ON ! OLD C5T]S ( /RUGGLE1 IT WILL REQUIRE A SIMULTANE\S MOVEM5T T[>DS ! CREATION ( NEW MODES ( LIFE4 ,:AT'S ! PO9T ( OCCUPY+ ! FACTORIES -- LIKE C> FACTORIES = EXAMPLE -- :]E PRODUCTION MU/ BE /OPP$ ANYWAY8 ,! CRY GOES UP3 0,OCCUPY ! FACTORIES & MANAGE !M \RSELVES 60 ,SO ALL ! PRISON]S ( ! SY/EM >E SUPPOS$ TO TAKE OV] !IR PRISONS & BEG9 ! SELF-MANAGEM5T ( !IR [N IMPRISONM5T4 ,A NEW SOCIAL =M IS NOT F\ND$ ON ! OLD1 & ONLY R>ELY 9 ! PA/ DO WE F9D CIVILIZATIONS SUP]IMPOS$ ON ONE ANO!R4 ,! B\RGEOISIE TRIUMPH$ BECAUSE IT /AG$ ! BATTLE ON ITS [N T]RA91 :I* IS ! CITIES4 ,BUT 9 \R PRES5T SITUATION ?IS CAN ONLY BE HELPFUL TO ! EM]G5CE ( COMMUNISM :I* IS NEI!R A NEW SOCIETY NOR A NEW MODE ( PRODUCTION4 ,TODAY HUMANITY CAN LAUN* ITS BATTLE AGA9/ CAPITAL NOT 9 ! CITY1 NOR 9 ! C\NTRYSIDE1 BUT \TSIDE ( BO?3.<#a#g.> H5CE ! NECESSITY = COMMUNI/ =MS TO APPE> :I* WILL BE TRULY ANTAGONI/IC TO CAPITAL1 & ALSO RALLY+ PO9TS = ! =CES ( REVOLUTION4 ,S9CE ! ADV5T ( ,MAY '#f#h1 CAPITAL HAS BE5 OBLIG$ TO TAKE ACC\NT ( ! FACT ?AT REVOLUTION HAD PRES5T$ ITSELF AGA9 AS A VITAL IMP]ATIVE1 A NECESSITY4 ,9 RESPONSE1 ! C\NT]-REVOLUTION WAS COMPELL$ TO ADAPT & REMODEL ITSELF 7REMEMB]+ ?AT IT HAS NO EXI/5CE EXCEPT 9 RELATION TO REVOLUTION74 ,BUT H[EV] MU* IT TRIES BY ITS USUAL ME?ODS TO LIMIT ! DEVELOPM5T ( ITS ADV]S>Y1 IT CAN NEV] TOTALLY SUCCE$1 BECAUSE REVOLUTION WILL ALWAYS PRES5T ITSELF AS REAL1 & !RE=E AS IRRATIONAL4 ,?IS IRRATIONALITY IS ITS FUNDAM5TAL *>ACT]I/IC4 ,:ATEV] IS RATIONAL 9 RELATION TO ! E/ABLI%$ ORD] CAN BE ABSORB$ & RECUP]AT$4 ,IF REVOLUTION OP]ATES ON ! SAME T]RA9 AS ITS ADV]S>Y1 IT CAN ALWAYS BE HALT$4 ,IT CANNOT RISE UP2 IT IS ?W>T$ 9 ITS MO/ PASSIONATE DESIRE1 :I* IS TO REALIZE ITS [N PROJECT & TO ACCOMPLI% IT ON ITS [N GR\ND4 

,! ATTA9+ ( A HUMAN COMMUNITY MU/ BE ! GOAL T[>DS :I* REVOLUTION MOVES4 ,! REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5T MU/ !RE=E REFLECT )9 ITSELF ! SAME PURPOSE & AIM4 ,! ME?ODS PROVID$ BY CLASS SOCIETY LEAD US AWAY FROM ?IS GOAL2 BY !IR V]Y NATURE !Y >E 9HUMAN1 & IT IS !RE=E NOT POSSIBLE TO USE !M4 ,?US IT IS ABSURD TO WANT TO P5ETRATE ! /RUCTURES ( ! E/ABLI%$ ORD] TO MAKE !M FUNCTION 9 ! 9T]E/S ( ! REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5T4 ,?OSE :O OP]ATE 9 ?IS WAY >E LABOR+ UND] ! MY/IFICATION ?AT ! HI/ORICAL PROJECT APPROA*ES ITS TRU? & ITS 5D 9 CAPITAL4 ,?AT MY/IFICATION :I* PRES5TS ! HUMAN BE+ AS 9ESS5TIAL1 NOT DET]M9ANT1 & USELESS HAS TO BE EXPOS$4 ,9 ! CAPITALI/ SY/EM HUMANS HAVE 9 EFFECT BECOME SUP]FLU\S1 BUT TO ! EXT5T ?AT HUMANITY HAS PRES]V$ AN UNBROK5 HUMAN CONSI/5CY FROM ITS E>LIE/ ORIG9S1 IT CANNOT BE SAID TO HAVE BE5 DE/ROY$ AS LONG AS ! IDEA ( REVOLT REMA9S ALIVE1 & PROVID$ ALSO ?AT Y\NG PEOPLE >E NOT TOTALLY IMMOBILIZ$ BY DOME/ICATION4 ,ALL IS /ILL POSSIBLE4 ,9 EV]Y CASE1 /RUGGLE T5DS TO REVIVE ! HUMAN ESS5CE :I* IS PRES]V$ 9 EA* 9DIVIDUAL2 /RUGGLE TAKES US \T ( ! TRAP ( P]CEIV+ O!RS ONLY AS !IR REIFI$ \TW>D APPE>ANCE4 ,EV5 :]E AN 9DIVIDUAL HAS ATTA9$ A HI< DEGREE ( REIFICATION & BE5 TRANS=M$ 9TO AN ORGANIC AUTOMATON ( CAPITAL1 !RE IS /ILL ! POSSIBILITY ?AT ! :OLE CON/RUCTION C\LD BREAK AP>T4 ,H]E WE W\LD DO WELL TO FOLL[ AN OLD PIECE ( ADVICE FROM ,M>X3 ,IT'S NOT 5\< TO MAKE ! *A9S VISIBLE1 !Y MU/ BECOME %AMEFUL4 ,EA* 9DIVIDUAL %\LD EXP]I5CE A CRISIS4 ,9 CONFLICTS ) ! POLICE1 ! IMPULSE %\LD BE NOT ONLY TO ELIM9ATE A REPRESSIVE =CE :I* PRES5TS AN OB/ACLE TO ! COMMUNI/ MOVEM5T BUT ALSO TO BR+ D[N ! SY/EM1 PROVOK+ 9 ! M9DS ( ! POLICE A S5SE ( HUMAN RESURG5CE4 

,?IS CAN NEV] HAPP5 IF ! OLD ME?ODS ( DIRECT CONFRONTATION CONT9UE TO BE US$2 WE HAVE GOT TO F9D NEW ME?ODS1 SU* AS TREAT+ ALL 9/ITUTIONS ) CONTEMPT & RIDICULE.<#a#h.> BY LEAV+ !M TRAPP$ & ISOLAT$ 9 !IR [N CONC]NS4 ,IT W\LD BE ABSURD TO !ORIZE & MAKE G5]ALIZATIONS AB\T ?IS4 ,BUT WE CAN BE C]TA9 ( ONE ?+3 IT HAS PROV$ EFFECTIVE 9 ! PA/1 & IT WILL BE AGA91 BUT WE MU/ 9V5T A HO/ ( O!R DIFF]5T MODES ( ACTION4 ,! ESS5TIAL PO9T IS TO UND]/& ?AT ! T]RA9 & ME?ODS ( /RUGGLE MU/ BE *ANG$2 ?IS NECESSITY HAS BE5 UND]/OOD 9 A LIMIT$ & SOMETIMES NEGATIVE WAY BY PEOPLE :O AB&ON EV]Y?+ & GO ON ! ROADS1 EXPRESS+ !IR DESIRE TO LEAVE ! VICI\S CIRCLE ( /RUGGLES ?AT GO ON 9 ! DAY-TO-DAY WORLD4 

,! LEFTI/S P]SI/ 9 !IR WELL KN[N CYCLE ( PROVOCATION-REPRESSION-SUBV]SION :I* IS ALL SUPPOS$ TO BR+ AB\T REVOLUTION AT SOME PRECISE TIME 9 ! FUTURE4 ,BUT ?IS CONCEPTION ( REVOLUTION IS TOTALLY 9ADMISSIBLE BECAUSE IT MEANS SACRIFIC+ M5 & WOM5 9 ORD] TO MOBILIZE O!RS4 ,COMMUNI/ REVOLUTION DOES NOT DEM& M>TYRS BECAUSE IT DOES NOT NE$ TO MAKE ANY DEM&S4 ,! M>TYR BECOMES ! BAIT :I* ATTRACTS ! FOLL[]S4 ,:AT W\LD !N BE ! USE ( A REVOLUTION ?AT USES DEA? AS A BAIT 9 ?IS WAY8.<#a#i.> ,BUT !N !RE IS ALWAYS SOMEONE :O DIES AT JU/ ! RI<T TIME 7OR ! VICTIM'S DEMISE MAY EV5 BE 0FACILITAT$071 & SOMEONE ELSE GOES >\ND %AK+ ! CADAV] 9 ORD] TO ATTRACT ! REVOLUTION>Y FLIES4 

,S9CE ! COMMUNI/ REVOLUTION IS ! TRIUMPH ( LIFE1 IT CANNOT 9 ANY WAY GLORIFY DEA?1 OR SEEK TO EXPLOIT IT1 S9CE ?IS W\LD BE PUTT+ ITSELF ONCE MORE ON ! T]RA9 ( CLASS SOCIETY4 ,!RE >E SOME :O W\LD COMP>E OR SUB/ITUTE 0?OSE :O FELL 9 ! REVOLUTION0 ) ?OSE :O DI$ 9 ! S]VICE ( CAPITAL3 BUT IT'S ALL JU/ ! SAME OLD C>NIVAL ( C>RION 6 

,REVOLUTION IS NEV] PRES5T$ AS HAV+ ! SCOPE ( A NECESS>Y & ALSO A NATURALLY OCCURR+ PH5OM5ON1 & ?IS MISUND]/&+ HAS S]I\S CONSEQU5CES4 ,IT ALWAYS SEEMS ?AT REVOLUTION DEP5DS /RICTLY ON SOME GR\P OR O!R RADIAT+ TRUE CONSCI\SNESS4 ,WE >E FAC$ TODAY ) ! FOLL[+ ALT]NATIVES3 EI!R !RE IS ACTUAL REVOLUTION -- ! :OLE PROCESS1 FROM ! =MATION ( REVOLUTION>IES TO ! DE/RUCTION ( ! CAPITALI/ MODE ( PRODUCTION -- OR !RE IS DE/RUCTION1 UND] ONE =M OR ANO!R ( ! HUMAN SPECIES4 ,!RE IS NO O!R POSSIBILITY4 ,:5 REVOLUTION IS UNLEA%$ !RE WILL BE NO NE$ TO JU/IFY :AT IS HAPP5+2 RA!R IT WILL BE A QUE/ION ( BE+ P[]FUL 5\< TO AVOID ABUSES & EXCESSES4 ,& ?IS IS POSSIBLE ONLY IF 9DIVIDUAL M5 & WOM51 BE=E ! REVOLUTION>Y EXPLOSION1 BEG9 TO BE AUTONOM\S3 S9CE !Y DON'T NE$ ANY LEAD]S1 !Y CAN GA9 MA/]Y OV] !IR [N REVOLT4 

,OBVI\SLY 9 ! PRES5T CIRCUM/ANCES PEOPLE CAN ONLY GO SO F> 9 ?IS DIRECTION2 BUT ! ONLY WAY IT HAS A *ANCE ( TRUE REALIZATION IS BY REJECT+ ?AT CANNIBALI/IC DISC\RSE :I* PRES5TS REVOLUTION AS A SETTL+ ( SCORES1 AS A PHYSICAL EXT]M9ATION ( ONE CLASS OR GR\P ( PEOPLE BY ANO!R4 ,IF COMMUNISM REALLY IS A NECESSITY = ! HUMAN SPECIES1 IT HAS NO NE$ ( SU* ME?ODS TO IMPOSE ITSELF4 

,9 G5]AL1 MO/ REVOLUTION>IES D\BT ?AT REVOLUTION WILL EV] COME AB\T1 BUT 9 ORD] TO CONV9CE !MSELVES ?AT IT WILL1 !Y HAVE TO JU/IFY IT TO !MSELVES 9 SOME WAY4 ,?IS ALL[S !M TO DEAL ) ! WAIT+1 BUT IT ALSO MASKS ! FACT ?AT MO/ ( ! TIME MANIFE/ATIONS ( REAL REVOLUTION PASS !M BY4 ,TO EXORCIZE !IR D\BT !Y RESORT TO V]BAL VIOL5CE 7AGA9 A SUB/ITUTE71 & >E CON/ANTLY 5GAG$ 9 DESP]ATE & OB/9ATE PROSELYTIZ+4 ,! JU/IFICATION PROCESS WORKS LIKE ?IS3 AS SOON AS !Y'VE MADE SOME RECRUITS1 ?IS IS TAK5 AS PRO( ?AT ! SITUATION IS FAVORABLE1 & SO ! LEVEL ( AGITATION MU/ BE /EPP$ UP1 & SO ON & SO ON4 ,ACCORD+ TO ?IS S*EME ( ?+S1 REVOLUTION MEANS AGITATION :I* MEANS BR++ CONSCI\SNESS FROM \TSIDE4 ,!Y HAV5'T YET GRASP$ ! FACT ?AT REVOLUTION IS ACCOMPLI%$ PRECISELY :5 !RE IS NO ONE LEFT TO DEF5D ! OLD ORD]2 REVOLUTION TRIUMPHS BECAUSE !RE >E NO MORE ADV]S>IES4 ,! PO9T IS ?AT EV]Y?+ IS GO+ TO BE DIFF]5T AFT]W>DS1 :I* IS :]E ! PROBLEM ( VIOL5CE AGA9 BECOMES RELEVANT4 ,! NECESSITY = COMMUNISM IS A NECESSITY :I* EXT5DS TO ALL PEOPLE4 ,DUR+ ! F]M5T ( REVOLUTION ?IS IS A TRU? :I* WILL BECOME EVID5T 9 A MORE OR LESS CONFUS$ WAY4 ,IT DOES NOT MEAN ?AT PEOPLE WILL SOMEH[ BE RID ( ALL ! OLD RUBBI% ( ! PREVI\S SOCIETY OV]NI<T4 ,IT MEANS ?AT ?OSE :O WILL BE MAK+ ! REVOLUTION WILL BE PEOPLE ( ! RI<T AS WELL AS ! LEFT2 ?US :5 ! SUP]/RUCTURAL ELEM5TS ( ! CAPITALI/ SY/EM >E DE/ROY$ & ! GLOBAL PROCESS ( PRODUCTION HALT$1 ! PRESUPPOSITIONS ( CAPITAL WILL REMA9 9TACT1 & ! OLD =MS ( BEHAVIOR & ! OLD S*EMATA WILL T5D TO REAPPE> BECAUSE IT SEEMS ?AT EA* TIME HUMANITY EMB>KS ON A NEW OPPORTUNITY1 A CREATION1 IT T5DS TO WRAP IT UP 9 ! =MS ( ! PA/ & READAPT IT TO ! TIMES4 ,C]TA9LY1 ! COMMUNI/ REVOLUTION WILL NOT DEVELOP 9 ! SAME WAY AS PREVI\S REVOLUTIONS1 BUT IF ITS SCOPE IS LIMIT$ TO ANY DEGREE1 IT WILL NONE!LESS /ILL BE P>T ( ! CONT5T ( ! PO/-REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5T4 ,! MOVEM5T WILL T5D TO GIVE NEW DIM5SIONS TO ! HUMAN COMMUNITY1 REAFFIRM+ & /R5G!N+ :AT WILL HAVE EM]G$ DUR+ ! C\RSE ( REVOLUTION4 ,IT IS AT ?IS /AGE1 :5 ?+S >E DIFFICULT1 ?AT ! OLD 9/ITUTIONAL =MS CAN REAPPE>1 & SOME ELEM5TS MAY WANT TO REASS]T !IR PRIVILEGES 9 A DISGUIS$ =M1 & TRY TO MAKE SOLUTIONS PREVAIL ?AT FAVOR !M4 ,O!RS MI<T WANT TO RE9TRODUCE SELF-MANAGEM5T4 ,!Y /ILL WILL NOT HAVE UND]/OOD ?AT COMMUNISM IS NOT A MODE ( PRODUCTION1 BUT A NEW MODE ( BE+4 

,?IS IS ALSO ! TIME :5 ! OLD PRACTICE ( CATEGORIZ+ EV]Y?+1 SO *>ACT]I/IC ( ALL RACKETS1 MU/ BP ELIM9AT$ ONCE & = ALL4 ,WE HAVE TO UND]/& ?AT NEW ?+S CAN SPR+ UP DRAP$ 9 ! MANTLE ( ! PA/2 IT W\LD BE A MAJOR ]ROR TO CONSID] ONLY !SE SUP]FICIAL SEMBLANCES ( ! PA/ TO ! EXCLUSION ( EV]Y?+ ELSE4 ,IT'S NOT A QUE/ION ( SEE+ ! PO/REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5T AS ! APO!OSIS ( IMM$IATE RECONCILIATION1 :5 BY SOME MIRACLE ! OPPRESSIV5ESS ( ! PA/ WILL ABOLI% ITSELF4 ,GRANT$ ?AT ! NEW MODE ( BE+ WILL G5]ATE ITSELF ?R\< EFFECTIVE /RUGGLE1 ! ISSUE !N BECOMES ! MODALITY ( ?AT /RUGGLE4 ,ANY SECT>IAN OR 9QUISITIONAL SPIRIT IS LE?AL TO ! REVOLUTION -- :I* IS ALL ! MORE REASON :Y ! CLASSICAL DICTATOR%IP IS \T ( ! QUE/ION1 S9CE ?IS W\LD MEAN REE/ABLI%+ A MODE ( BE+ :I* IS 9TR9SIC TO CLASS SOCIETY4 ,! P]IOD ( 9T]M$IATE *ANGE CANNOT BE TRANSC5D$ EXCEPT ?R\< A DIV]SE EXPRESSION ( LIB]ATION BY MULTIF>I\S HUMAN BE+S4 ,?IS IS ! PRESSURE :I* COMMUNISM BR+S TO BE>4 ,IT IS A PRESSURE EX]T$ BY ! GREAT MAJORITY ( HUMAN BE+S SEEK+ TO CREATE ! HUMAN COMMUNITY :I* WILL ALL[ & 5ABLE !M TO REMOVE ALL OB/ACLES B>R+ !IR WAY4 ,?IS AFFIRMATION ( LIFE IS :AT ,M>X HAD 9 M9D :5 HE SAID 0IF WE ASSUME MAN TO BE MAN1 & HIS RELATION TO ! WORLD TO BE A HUMAN ONE1 !N LOVE CAN BE EX*ANG$ ONLY = LOVE1 TRU/ = TRU/4440 ,VIOL5T CLA%ES CAN ONLY BE EXCEPTIONAL4 

,?OSE :O BELIEVE ?AT :AT IS REQUIR$ IS A DICTATOR%IP HAVE ALREADY CONC$$ 9 !IR M9DS ?AT HUMAN SOCIETY WILL NEV] BE READY TO GR[ T[>DS COMMUNISM4 ,IT IS A LONG1 PA9FUL & DIFFICULT ROAD TO ?AT EXTRAORD9>Y REALIZATION ?AT ! MY/IFICATION NO LONG] HOLDS1 ?AT ! W&]+ ( HUMANITY WAS LEAD+ TO ITS [N DE/RUCTION1 & ?AT ?IS WAS L>GELY DUE TO ! FACT ?AT IT HAD 5TRU/$ ITS DE/9Y TO ! MON/R\S1 AUTONOMIZ$ SY/EM ( CAPITAL4.<#b.> ,M5 & WOM5 WILL COME TO REALIZE ?AT !Y !MSELVES >E ! DET]M9+ ELEM5TS1 & ?AT !Y DO NOT HAVE TO ABDICATE !IR P[] TO ! MA*9E1 & ALI5ATE !IR BE+ 9 ! FALSE BELIEF ?AT ?IS WILL LEAD TO HAPP9ESS4 

,! MOM5T ?IS PO9T IS REA*$1 IT'S ALL OV]1 & GO+ BACK WILL BE IMPOSSIBLE4 ,! 5TIRE REPRES5TATION ( CAPITAL ,ALL COLLAPSE LIKE A H\SE ( C>DS4 ,PEOPLE :OSE M9DS >E FREE FROM CAPITAL WILL BE ABLE TO F9D !MSELVES & !IR FELL[ CREATURES AS WELL4 ,FROM ?IS TIME ONW>DS1 ! CREATION ( A HUMAN COMMUNITY CAN NO LONG] BE HALT$4 

,IDEOLOGY1 SCI5CE1 >T & ! RE/1 ?R\< ! 5TIRE RANGE ( 9/ITUTIONS & ORGANIZATIONS ACT TOGE!R TO 9/ILL ! BELIEF ?AT HUMAN BE+S >E 9ESS5TIAL & P[]LESS TO ACT4.<#b#a.> ,MORE ?AN ?IS1 !Y ALL 5=CE ! IDEA ?AT IF WE SEEM TO HAVE >RIV$ AT A P>TICUL> /AGE ( SOCIAL EVOLUTION1 IT IS BECAUSE IT C\LD NOT HAVE BE5 O!RWISE FROM ! V]Y BEG9N+ :5 WE FIR/ APPROPRIAT$ & DEVELOP$ TE*NOLOGY4 ,!RE IS A C]TA9 FATALITY :I* SURR\NDS TE*NOLOGY3 IF WE DO NOT EMBRACE IT1 WE CANNOT PROGRESS4 ,ALL WE CAN DO IS REM$Y C]TA9 %ORTCOM+S1 BUT WE CANNOT ESCAPE ! WORK+S ( ! MA*9E1 :I* IS ?IS SOCIETY ITSELF4 ,! TRAP HAS BE5 CLOS$1 PEOPLE HAVE BE5 IMMOBILIZ$1 & ! DET]M9+ FACTOR H]E IS ! REPRES5TATION ( CAPITAL -- IT REPRES5TS ITSELF 7I4E4 CAPITAL7 AS A RATIONAL SOCIAL PROCESS1 :I* GIVES RISE TO ! FEEL+ ?AT ! SY/EM CAN NO LONG] BE P]CEIV$ AS OPPRESSIVE4 ,9 ORD] TO EXPLA9 ANY NEGATIVE ASPECTS1 CAPITAL SIMPLY 9VOKES CATEGORIES DESIGNAT$ AS 0\TSIDE ( CAPITAL04 

,! LONG HABIT ( M9D :I* HAS ALL[$ HUMAN 9TELLIG5CE TO BE A HO/ = ! P>ASITICAL REPRES5TATION ( CAPITAL HAS TO BE BROK5 D[N4 ,! M5TALITY & BEHAVIOR ( ! S]VANT 7:OSE MA/] IS CAPITAL7 MU/ BE ]ADICAT$4 ,?IS NE$ IS N[ ALL ! MORE URG5T AS ! OLD DIALECTIC ( MA/] & SLAVE IS T5D+ TO DISAPPE> 9 ! PROCESS :]EBY EV5 ! SLAVE -- ! HUMAN BE+ -- IS BECOM+ R$UNDANT4 

,! ,GLOBAL ,P]SPECTIVE 

,! /RUGGLE AGA9/ DOME/ICATION HAS TO BE UND]/OOD AT ! GLOBAL LEVEL :]E IMPORTANT =CES >E ALSO BEG9N+ TO EM]GE4 ,! A PRIORI UNIV]SAL RATIONALITY ( CAPITALISM CAN BE DEMY/IFI$ ONLY :5 WE BEG9 TO S]I\SLY QUE/ION ! UNIL9E> S*EME ( HUMAN EVOLUTION & ALSO ! NOTION ?AT ! CAPITALI/ MODE ( PRODUCTION HAS BE5 PROGRESSIVE = ALL C\NTRIES4 

,?OSE P>TICUL> C\NTRIES :I* ACCORD+ TO ! PROPHETS ( GR[? & ! 0ECONOMIC MIRACLE0 >E UND]DEVELOP$ OR ON ! ROAD TO DEVELOPM5T >E REALLY C\NTRIES :]E ! CAPITALI/ MODE ( PRODUCTION HAS FAIL$ TO E/ABLI% ITSELF4 ,9 ,ASIA1 ,S\? ,AM]ICA1 & ,AFRICA !RE >E MILLIONS ( PEOPLE :O HAVE NOT YET FULLY SUCCUMB$ TO ! DESPOTISM ( CAPITAL4 ,!IR RESI/ANCE IS USUALLY NEGATIVE 9 ! S5SE ?AT !Y >E UNABLE TO POSE = !MSELVES ANO!R COMMUNITY4 ,IT IS !RE=E ESS5TIAL TO MA9TA9 A WORLD WIDE NETWORK ( HUMAN DEBATE :I* ONLY ! COMMUNI/ REVOLUTION CAN TRANS=M 9TO A MOVEM5T = ! E/ABLI%+ ( A NEW COMMUNITY4 ,MOREOV]1 DUR+ ! REVOLUTION>Y EXPLOSION ?IS NETWORK OR POLE WILL HAVE A DET]M9+ 9FLU5CE 9 ! WORK ( DE/ROY+ CAPITAL4 

,9 ?OSE C\NTRIES LABEL$ AS UND]DEVELOP$1 ! Y\? HAVE RIS5 UP 79 ,CEYLON1 9 ,MADAGASC> 9 #a#i#g#b1 & LESS /RONGLY 9 ,S5EGAL1 ,TUNISIA1 ,ZAIRE ETC44471 & EXPRESS$ 9 DIFF]5T WAYS ! SAME NE$ & NECESSITY ?AT IS FELT 9 ! ,WE/4 ,= OV] T5 YE>S ! 9SURRECTION ( Y\? HAS DEMON/RAT$ ?AT ITS FUNDAM5TAL *>ACT]I/IC IS ?AT ( ANTI-DOME/ICATION4 ,)\T WANT+ TO PROPHESY ANY C]TA9 \TCOME1 IT IS IMPORTANT TO TRY TO DISC]N 9 ?IS SOME K9D ( P]SPECTIVE4 ,9 ,MAY '#f#h WE AGA9 TOOK UP ,BORDIGA'S =ECA/ AB\T A REVIVAL ( ! REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5T >\ND #a#i#f#h1 & REVOLUTION = ! P]IOD #a#i#g#e-#a#i#h4 ,?IS IS A 0PR$ICTION0 WE REMA9 ATTA*$ TO4 ,REC5T POLITICAL_/SOCIAL & ECONOMIC EV5TS CONFIRM IT1 & ! SAME CONCLUSION IS BE+ >RIV$ AT BY V>I\S WRIT]S4 ,! CAPITALI/ MODE ( PRODUCTION F9DS ITSELF 9 A CRISIS :I* IS %AK+ IT FROM ITS HI<E/ TO ITS L[E/ LEVELS4 ,IT IS NOT A #a#i#b#i-/YLE CRISIS1 ?\< C]TA9 ASPECTS ( ?AT CRISIS CAN REAPPE>2 RA!R IT IS A CRISIS ( PR(\ND TRANS=MATION4 ,CAPITAL MU/ RE/RUCTURE ITSELF 9 ORD] TO BE ABLE TO SL[ D[N ! DE/RUCTIVE CONSEQU5CES ( ITS GLOBAL PROCESS ( PRODUCTION4 ,! :OLE DEBATE AB\T GR[? %[S V]Y CLE>LY ?AT ?IS CONC]N IS REAL4 ,! EXP]TS ?9K !Y CAN SIMPLY DRAW ATT5TION TO ! MOVEM5T ( CAPITAL & PROCLAIM ?AT !RE MU/ BE SLACK5+ (F1 A SL[+ D[N4 ,BUT CAPITAL 9 ITS TURN CAN ONLY BREAK FREE FROM PEOPLE'S OPPOSITION BY P]FECT+ ITS DOM9ATION OV] !M AT AN EV] HI<] LEVEL4 ,IT IS A DOM9ATION :I* EXT5DS TO ! HORIZON ( \R LIVES1 BUT Y\NG PEOPLE >E RIS+ UP AGA9/ IT 9 A VA/ MOVEM5T1 & A GR[+ NUMB] ( OLD] PEOPLE >E BEG9N+ TO UND]/& & SUPPORT !M4 

,! REVOLUTION>Y RESURG5CE IS EVID5T EV]Y:]E EXCEPT 9 ONE 5ORM\S C\NTRY1 ! ,U,S,S,R1 :I* C\LD QUITE EASILY 5D UP PLAY+ AN 9HIBIT+ ROLE1 PUTT+ A /RONG BRAKE ON ! REVOLUTION 79 :I* CASE \R PREVI\S =ECA/ W\LD BE CONSIGN$ TO ! LIMBO ( PI\S WI% FULFILLM5T74 ,BUT EV5TS 9 ,CZE*OSLOVAKIA & ,POL& & ! CON/ANT /R5G!N+ ( DESPOTISM 9 ! ,SOVIET REPUBLIC >E AN 9DICATION 7?\< A NEGATIVE ONE7 ?AT SUBV]SION1 ( :I* WE HE> ONLY FA9T E*OES1 IS BY NO MEANS ABS5T !RE4 ,REPRESSION 9 ! ,U,S,S,R NE$S TO BE MORE VIOL5T 9 ORD] TO PREV5T 9SURRECTION G5]ALIZ+4 ,ON ! O!R H&1 ! PROCESS ( DE/AL9IZATION IS TAK+ ON ! SAME ROLE 7TAK+ 9TO ACC\NT CONSID]ABLE HI/ORICAL DIFF]5CES7 AS ! REVOLT ( ! NOBLES 9 #a#h#b#e1 :I* MADE WAY = ! REVOLT ( ! 9TELLIG5TSIA & SUBSEQU5TLY GAVE /R5G? TO ! :OLE POPULI/ MOVEM5T4 ,?IS IDEA LEADS US TO ?9K ?AT !RE EXI/S AT ! PRES5T MOM5T SUBV]SION SUFFICI5T TO GO WELL BEYOND ! DEMOCRATIC OPPOSITION EXPRESS$ BY ! DISSID5T ACADEMICIAN ,SAKH>OV4 ,C]TA9 O!R HI/ORICAL CON/ANTS MU/ BE KEPT 9 M9D3 = EXAMPLE1 G5]ALIZ$ REVOLUTION>Y ACTION APPE>$ 9 ITS MO/ RADICAL =M 9 ,FRANCE & ,RUSSIA1 :ILE ACTUALLY HAV+ ITS ORIG9S 9 O!R C\NTRIES4 ,! ,FR5* REVOLUTION SUBSEQU5TLY SPREAD ! B\RGEOIS REVOLUTION ?R\<\T ,EUROPE4 ,! ,RUSSIAN REVOLUTION G5]ALIZ$ A D\BLE REVOLUTION -- PROLET>IAN & B\RGEOIS -- :I* RESULT$ 9 ! F9AL TRIUMPH ( ! CAPITALI/ REVOLUTION4 ,! /UD5T REVOLT DID NOT ORIG9ATE 9 ,FRANCE YET IT WAS !RE ?AT ! REVOLT WAS FELT MO/ %>PLY2 IT WAS CAPABLE ( %AK+ CAPITALI/ SOCIETY1 & ! CONSEQU5CES ( IT >E /ILL BE+ FELT4 ,!RE CAN BE NO REVOLUTION>Y UPHEAVAL 9 ! ,U,S,S,R :ILE ! CONSEQU5CES ( #aiag -- ! WAVE ( ANTI-COLONIAL REVOLUTIONS -- >E /ILL TO BE PLAY$ \T4 ,! MO/ IMPORTANT ( !SE HAS BE5 ! CASE ( ,*9A1 & N[ ?AT ! ,*9ESE REVOLUTION HAS COME TO ! 5D ( ITS CYCLE1 WE WILL SEE 9 ! ,U,S,S,R ! BEG9N+ ( A NEW REVOLUTION>Y CYCLE4 

,! IMPORTANT HI/ORIC %IFT BETWE5 ! ,FR5* & ! ,RUSSIAN REVOLUTIONS IS PRES5T ALSO 9 ! RISE ( ! NEW REVOLUTION>Y CYCLE4 ,! DESPOTISM ( CAPITAL TODAY IS MORE P[]FUL ?AN ?AT :I* PREVAIL$ UND] ! ,CZ>1 & !RE IS ALSO ! FACT ?AT ! HOLY ALLIANCE BETWE5 ! ,U,S,S,R & ! ,U,S,A HAS BE5 %[N TO BE MORE EFFECTIVE ?AN ! ,ANGLO-,RUSSIAN ALLIANCE ( ! N9ETE5? C5TURY4 ,! \TCOME CAN BE DELAY$ BUT NOT HALT$3 WE CAN EXPECT ! 0COMMUNIT>IAN0 DIM5SION ( REVOLUTION 9 ! ,U,S,S,R TO BE CLE>] !RE ?AN 9 ! ,WE/1 & ?AT IT WILL GO =W>D ) GIANT /RIDES4 

,REVOLUTION & ! ,FUTURE 

,DUR+ A P]IOD ( TOTAL C\NT]-REVOLUTION1 ,BORDIGA WAS ABLE TO )/& ! DIS9TEGRAT+ EFFECT BR\<T AB\T BY IT BECAUSE HE RETA9$ A VISION ( ! COM+ REVOLUTION1 BUT MORE P>TICUL>LY BECAUSE HE %IFT$ HIS FOCUS ( ?9K+ CONC]N+ /RUGGLE4 ,HE DID NOT LOOK ONLY TO ! PA/1 :I* IS JU/ A DEAD WEI<T 9 SU* A P]IOD1 NOR DID HE 9CL9E T[>DS ! PRES5T1 DOM9AT$ AS IT WAS BY ! E/ABLI%$ ORD]1 BUT T[>DS ! FUTURE4.<#b#b.> 

,BE+ ?US ATTUN$ TO ! FUTURE 5ABL$ HIM TO P]CEIVE ! REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5T AS IT ACTUALLY WAS1 & NOT ACCORD+ TO ITS [N *>ACT]IZATIONS4 ,S9CE ?AT TIME1 ! 0FUTURE 9DU/RY0.<#b#c.> HAS COME 9TO ITS [N & ASSUM$ AN 5ORM\S SCOPE4 ,CAPITAL 5T]S ?IS NEW FIELD & BEG9S TO EXPLOIT IT1 :I* LEADS TO A FUR!R EXPROPRIATION ( PEOPLE1 & A RE9=CEM5T ( !IR DOME/ICATION4 ,?IS HOLD OV] ! FUTURE IS :AT DI/+UI%ES CAPITAL FROM ALL O!R MODES ( PRODUCTION4 ,FROM ITS E>LIE/ ORIG9S CAPITAL'S RELATION%IP TO ! PA/ OR PRES5T HAS ALWAYS BE5 ( LESS IMPORTANCE TO IT ?AN ITS RELATION%IP TO ! FUTURE4 ,CAPITAL'S ONLY LIFEBLOOD IS 9 ! EX*ANGE IT CONDUCTS ) LABOR P[]4 ,?US :5 SURPLUS VALUE IS CREAT$1 IT IS1 9 ! IMM$IATE S5SE1 ONLY POT5TIAL CAPITAL2 IT CAN BECOME EFFECTIVE CAPITAL SOLELY ?R\< AN EX*ANGE AGA9/ FUTURE LABOR4 ,9 O!R WORDS1 :5 SURPLUS VALUE IS CREAT$ 9 ! PRES5T1 IT ACQUIRES REALITY ONLY IF LABOR P[] CAN APPE> TO BE READY & AVAILABLE 9 A FUTURE 7A FUTURE :I* CAN ONLY BE HYPO!TICAL1 & NOT NECESS>ILY V]Y NE>74 ,IF !RE=E ?IS FUTURE ISN'T !RE1 !N ! PRES5T 7OR H5CE=? ! PA/7 IS ABOLI%$3 ?IS IS DEVALORIZATION ?R\< TOTAL LOSS ( SUB/ANCE4 ,CLE>LY !N CAPITAL'S FIR/ UND]TAK+ MU/ BE TO DOM9ATE ! FUTURE 9 ORD] TO BE ASSUR$ ( ACCOMPLI%+ ITS PRODUCTION PROCESS4 7,?IS CONQUE/ IS MANAG$ BY ! CR$IT SY/EM74 ,?US CAPITAL HAS EFFECTIVELY APPROPRIAT$ TIME1 :I* IT MOLDS 9 ITS [N IMAGE AS QUANTITATIVE TIME4 ,H[EV]1 PRES5T SURPLUS VALUE WAS REALIZ$ & VALORIZ$ ?R\< EX*ANGE AGA9/ FUTURE LABOR1 BUT N[1 ) ! DEVELOPM5T ( ! 0FUTURE 9DU/RY01 PRES5T SURPLUS VALUE HAS ITSELF BECOME OP5 TO CAPITALIZATION4 ,?IS CAPITALIZATION DEM&S ?AT TIME BE PROGRAMM$1 & ?IS NE$ EXPRESSES ITSELF 9 A SCI5TIFIC FA%ION 9 FUTUROLOGY4 ,H5CE=?1 CAPITAL PRODUCES TIME4.<#b#d.> ,FROM N[ ON :]E MAY PEOPLE SITUATE !IR UTOPIAS & U*RONIAS8 

,! E/ABLI%$ SOCIETIES ?AT EXI/$ 9 PREVI\S TIMES DOM9AT$ ! PRES5T & TO A LESS] EXT5T ! PA/1 :ILE ! REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5T HAD = ITSELF ! FUTURE4 ,B\RGEOIS REVOLUTIONS & PROLET>IAN REVOLUTIONS HAVE HAD TO GU>ANTEE PROGRESS1 BUT ?IS PROGRESS DEP5D$ ON ! EXI/5CE ( A FUTURE VALORIZ$ 9 RELATION TO A PRES5T & A PA/ :I* IS TO BE ABOLI%$4 ,9 EA* CASE1 & TO A DEGREE :I* IS MORE OR LESS PRON\NC$ DEP5D+ ON :I* TYPE ( REVOLUTION IS BE+ CONSID]$1 ! PA/ IS PRES5T$ AS %R\D$ 9 D>KNESS1 :ILE ! FUTURE IS ALL %9+ LI<T4 ,CAPITAL HAS CONQU]$ ! FUTURE4 ,CAPITAL HAS NO FE> ( UTOPIAS1 S9CE IT EV5 T5DS TO PRODUCE !M4 ,! FUTURE IS A FIELD = ! PRODUCTION ( PR(IT4 ,9 ORD] TO G5]ATE ! FUTURE1 TO BR+ IT 9TO BE+1 PEOPLE MU/ N[ BE CONDITION$ AS A FUNCTION ( A /RICTLY PRECONCEIV$ PROCESS ( PRODUCTION3 ?IS IS PROGRAMM+ BR\<T TO ITS HI<E/ PO9T4 ,MAN1 ONCE *>ACT]IZ$ BY ,M>X AS 0! C>CASS ( TIME0 IS N[ EXCLUD$ FROM TIME4 ,?IS1 TOGE!R ) ! DOM9ATION ( ! PA/1 ! PRES5T & ! FUTURE1 GIVES RISE TO A /RUCTURAL REPRES5TATION1 :]E EV]Y?+ IS R$UC$ TO A COMB9ATIVE ( SOCIAL RELATIONS1 PRODUCTIVE =CES1 OR MY!MES ETC41 >RANG$ 9 SU* A WAY AS TO COH]E AS A TOTALITY4 ,/RUCTURE1 P]FECT+ ITSELF1 ELIM9ATES HI/ORY4 ,BUT HI/ORY IS :AT PEOPLE HAVE MADE4 

,?IS LEADS TO ! UND]/&+ ?AT REVOLUTION MU/ NOT ONLY 5G5D] ANO!R CONCEPTION ( TIME1 BUT MU/ ALSO ASSIMILATE IT TO A NEW SYN!SIS ( SPACE4 ,BO? WILL BE CREAT$ SIMULTANE\SLY AS !Y EM]GE \T ( ! NEW RELATION%IP BETWE5 HUMAN BE+S & NATURE3 RECONCILIATION4 ,WE SAID BE=E ?AT ALL :I* IS FRAGM5T$ IS GRI/ TO ! MILL ( ! C\NT]-REVOLUTION4 ,BUT REVOLUTION MEANS MORE ?AN RECLAIM+ JU/ ! TOTALITY2 IT IS ! RE9TEGRATION ( ALL ?AT WAS SEP>ATE1 A COM+ TOGE!R ( FUTURE BE+1 9DIVIDUALITY & ,GEME9WES54 ,?IS FUTURE BE+ ALREADY EXI/S AS A TOTAL & PASSIONATELY FELT NE$2 IT EXPRESSES BETT] ?AN ANY?+ ELSE ! TRUE REVOLUTION>Y *>ACT] ( ! ,MAY '#f#h MOVEM5T & ?AT ( ! LYCEE /UD5TS 9 ,SPR+ #a#i#g#c4 

,REVOLUTION>Y /RUGGLE IS /RUGGLE AGA9/ DOM9ATION AS IT APPE>S 9 ALL TIMES & PLACES1 & 9 ALL ! DIFF]5T ASPECTS ( LIFE4 ,= FIVE YE>S ?IS CONTE/ATION HAS 9VAD$ EV]Y DEP>TM5T ( ! LIFE ( CAPITAL4 ,REVOLUTION IS N[ ABLE TO POSE ITS TRUE T]RA9 ( /RUGGLE1 :OSE C5T] IS EV]Y:]E1 BUT :OSE PLACE IS NO:]E4.<#b#e.> ,ITS TASK 9 ?IS S5SE IS 9F9ITE3 TO DE/ROY DOME/ICATION & 5G5D] ! 9F9ITE MANIFE/ATION ( ! HUMAN BE+ ( ! FUTURE4 ,WE HAVE A FEEL+1 :I* IS F\ND$ ON MORE ?AN JU/ OPTIMISM1 ?AT ! NEXT FIVE YE>S WILL SEE ! BEG9N+ ( REVOLUTION1 & ! DE/RUCTION ( ! CAPITALI/ MODE ( PRODUCTION4.<#b#f.> 

,JACQUES ,CAMATTE #a ,MAY #aigc 

  

.<#a.> ,:AT WE CALL ! MONET>Y CRISIS 9VOLVES MORE ?AN JU/ DET]M9+ ! PRICE ( GOLD OR R$EF9+ ITS ROLE2 NOR IS IT M]ELY A QUE/ION ( E/ABLI%+ A NEW G5]AL EQUIVAL5T 7A NEW /&>D ALTOGE!R71 OR SETT+ FIX$ P>ITIES AMONG NATIONAL CURR5CIES1 OR 9TEGRAT+ ! ECONOMIES ( ! MONEY M>KETS 7CAPITAL AS TOTALITY -- ,M>X74 ,! MONET>Y CRISIS IS AB\T ! ROLE ( CAPITAL 9 ITS MONEY =M1 OR1 MORE PRECISELY1 ! SUP]S$+ ( ! MONEY =M ITSELF1 JU/ AS !RE HAS BE5 A SUP]CESSION ( ! COMMODITY =M4 

.<#b.> ,WORSE ?AN ! 0HE>TLESS WORLD0 ,M>X SPEAKS ( 9 ,! ,CRITIQUE ( ,HEGEL'S ,PHILOSOPHY ( ,RI<T4 

.<#c.> ,! PRESUPPOSITION UND]LY+ SU* AN ABSURD DEM& IS ! SUPPOS$ BIOLOGICAL 9F]IORITY ( WOM51 :I* IS A SCI5TIFIC ILLUSION4 ,SCI5CE HAS DISCOV]$ A DEFECT 9 WOM5 & DECREES ?AT IT IS UP TO SCI5CE TO REM$Y IT4 ,IF M5 >E NO LONG] NE$$ 7BECAUSE ( P>!NOG5ESIS7 & IF WOM5 >5'T NE$$ EI!R 7S9CE EMBRYOS & EV5 OV>IES MAY BE DEVELOP$ 9 PHIALS71 !N WE >E LEFT ) ! QUE/ION ( :E!R !RE IS ANY NE$ = ! HUMAN SPECIES AFT] ALL4 ,HAS IT NOT BECOME R$UNDANT8 ,!SE PEOPLE SEEM TO BELIEVE 9 SOLV+ EV]Y?+ BY MUTILATION4 ,:Y NOT DO AWAY ) PA9 BY ELIM9AT+ ! ORGANS ( S5SITIVITY8 ,SOCIAL & HUMAN PROBLEMS CANNOT BE SOLV$ BY SCI5CE & TE*NOLOGY4 ,!IR ONLY EFFECT :5 US$ IS TO R5D] HUMANITY EV5 MORE SUP]FLU\S4 ,OBVI\SLY1 NO ONE CAN MAKE A JUDGM5T AB\T ! FEM9I/ MOVEM5T AS A :OLE JU/ BY REF]5CE TO ?AT ASPECT N[ BE+ DISCUSS$4 ,! FEM9I/ MOVEM5T IS ( GREAT IMPORTANCE 9 ! /RUGGLE AGA9/ CAPITAL1 & IT IS A SUBJECT WE HOPE TO TAKE UP ON 9 ! FUTURE4 ,9 ITS CRITIQUE ( CAPITALI/ SOCIETY & ! TRADITIONAL REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5T1 IT HAS MADE A REM>KABLE CONTRIBUTION44 

.<#d.> ,9 ! ORIG9AL ,FR5* ! AU?OR FREQU5TLY USES ! EXPRESSIONS 0M501 0MAN01 OR 0MANK9D01 AS WELL AS 0HUMANS01 OR 0HUMAN BE+S04 ,:]E ! FALSE G5]IC 0MAN0 ETC4 DOES OCCUR IT HAS BE5 *ANG$1 EV5 ?\< ?IS MU/ 9VOLVE A DI/ORTION ( :AT WAS ORIG9ALLY 9T5D$4 .<TRANSLATOR'S NOTE.> 

.<#e.> ,! /RUGGLE ( PEOPLE AGA9/ CAPITAL HAS ONLY EV] BE5 SE5 ?R\< ! N>R[ FOCUS ( CLASS4 ,! ONLY WAY TO BE REG>D$ AS A REAL ADV]S>Y ( CAPITAL HAS BE5 TO ACTIVELY ID5TIFY ONESELF ) ! PROLET>IAT2 ALL ELSE IS ROMANTIC1 PETIT B\RGEOIS ETC 444 ,BUT ! V]Y ACT ( REASON+ 9 CLASSI/ T]MS MEANS ?AT ANY P>TICUL> CLASS IS CONF9$ )9 ! LIMITS ( CLASS ANALYSIS4 ,?IS IS P>TICUL>LY IMPORTANT :5 ONE CONSID]S ?AT ! WORK+ CLASS HAS AS ITS MISSION ! ELIM9ATION ( ALL CLASSES4 ,IT ALSO AVOIDS ! QUE/ION ( H[ ?AT CLASS WILL BR+ AB\T ITS [N AUTODE/RUCTION1 S9CE ?IS CLASSI/ ANALYSIS PREV5TS ANY LESSONS BE+ DRAWN FROM ! TRAGIC 9TELLECTUAL FATE ( ?OSE PEOPLE :O SET !MSELVES 9 OPPOSITION TO CAPITAL )\T EV5 RECOGNIZ+ OR ID5TIFY+ !IR 5EMY 7AS ) ,B]GSON1 = EXAMPLE74 ,TODAY1 :5 ! :OLE CLASSI/ APPROA* HAS BE5 DEPRIV$ ( ANY SOLID BASE1 IT MAY BE WOR?:ILE TO RECONSID] MOVEM5TS ( ! RI<T & !IR ?9K+4 ,! RI<T IS A MOVEM5T ( OPPOSITION TO CAPITAL ?AT SEEKS TO RE/ORE A MOM5T :I* IS FIRMLY ROOT$ 9 ! PA/4 ,H5CE 9 ORD] TO ELIM9ATE CLASS CONFLICT1 ! EXCESSES ( CAPITALI/ 9DIVIDUALISM1 SPECULATION & SO ON1 ! ,ACTION ,FRANCAISE & ! ,N\VELLE ,ACTION ,FRANCAISE 7,N,A,F7 5VISAGE A COMMUNITY :I* CAN ONLY BE GU>ANTE$1 ACCORD+ TO !M1 BY A SY/EM ( MON>*Y4 7,SEE P>TICUL>LY ! *APT] ON CAPITALISM 9 ,LES ,DOSSI]S DE L',ACTION ,FRANCAISE74   
  ,IT SEEMS ?AT EV]Y CURR5T OR GR\P :I* OPPOSES CAPITAL IS NONE!LESS OBLIG$ TO FOCUS ALWAYS ON ! HUMAN AS ! BASIS ( EV]Y?+4 ,IT TAKES DIV]SE =MS1 BUT IT HAS A PR(\NDLY CONSI/5T BASIS & IS SURPRIS+LY UNI=M :]EV] HUMAN POPULATIONS >E F\ND4 ,?US BY SEEK+ TO RE/ORE 7& 9/ALL7 ! VOLKSGEME9S*AFT1 EV5 ! ,NAZIS REPRES5T AN ATTEMPT TO CREATE SU* A COMMUNITY 7CF4 ALSO !IR IDEOLOGY ( ! ,URM5%1 ! 0ORIG9AL MAN074 ,WE BELIEVE ?AT ! PH5OM5ON ( ,NAZISM IS WIDELY MISUND]/OOD3 IT IS SE5 BY MANY PEOPLE ONLY AS A DEMONIC EXPRESSION ( TOTALIT>IANISM4 ,BUT ! ,NAZIS 9 ,G]MANY HAD RE9TRODUC$ AN OLD !ME ORIG9ALLY !ORIZ$ BY ,G]MAN SOCIOLOGI/S LIKE ,TONNIES & ,MAX ,WEB]4 ,& SO 9 RESPONSE1 WE F9D ! ,FRANKFURT S*OOL1 & MO/ NOTABLY ,ADORNO1 DEAL+ 9 EMPTY & /]ILE CONCEPTS ( 0DEMOCRACY01 DUE TO !IR 9CAPACITY TO UND]/& ! PH5OM5ON ( ,NAZISM4 ,!Y HAVE BE5 UNABLE TO GRASP ,M>X'S GREAT 9SI<T1 :I* WAS ?AT HE POS$ ! NECESSITY ( RE=M+ ! COMMUNITY1 & ?AT HE RECOGNIZ$ ?AT ?IS RE=MATION MU/ 9VOLVE ! :OLE ( HUMANITY4 ,! PROBLEMS >E !RE = EV]YBODY2 !Y >E S]I\S1 & !Y URG5TLY REQUIRE SOLUTIONS4 ,PEOPLE TRY TO WORK !M \T FROM DIV]SE POLITICAL ANGLES4 ,H[EV]1 IT IS NOT !SE PROBLEMS :I* DET]M9E :AT IS REVOLUTION>Y OR C\NT]-REVOLUTION>Y1 BUT ! SOLUTIONS PUT =W>D -- I4E4 >E !Y EFFECTIVE OR NOT8 ,& H]E ! RACKETE]'S M5TALITY DESC5DS UPON US ONCE AGA93 EA* GANG ( ! LEFT OR ! RI<T C>VES \T ITS [N 9TELLECTUAL T]RITORY2 ANYONE /RAY+ 9TO ONE OR ! O!R ( !SE T]RITORIES IS AUTOMATICALLY BR&$ AS A MEMB] ( ! RELEVANT CONTROLL+ GANG4 ,?US WE HAVE REIFICATION3 ! OBJECT IS DET]M9ANT1 ! SUBJECT PASSIVE4 

.<#f.> ,WE >E SPEAK+ H]E ( TE*NICIANS1 9TELLECTUALS1 POLITICIANS & ECONOMI/S1 LIKE ! MEMB]S ( ! ,CLUB ( ,ROME1 ,MAN%OLT1 ,DUMONT1 ,LABORIT ETC4 

.<#g.> ,HUMAN BE+S >E NOT CON/ANTLY IMM]S$ 9 NATURE2 EXI/5CE IS NOT ALWAYS AT ONE ) ESS5CE1 NOR BE+ ) CONSCI\SNESS1 & SO ON4 ,?IS SEP>ATION BR+S 9TO BE+ ! NE$ = REPRES5TATION4 ,ONCE TIME IS P]CEIV$ AS IRREV]SIBLE1 ! SUBJECT ( ! PA/ IS SE5 AS DI/9CT FROM ! SUBJECT ( ! PRES5T1 & ?US MEMORY BEG9S TO ASSUME A DET]M9+ ROLE4 ,IT IS H]E ?AT REPRES5TATION 9T]POSES ITSELF 9 ORD] TO PROVIDE A M$IATION4 ,FROM SU* AN UND]/&+1 ! WAY IS OP5 TO A REEXAM9ATION ( PHILOSOPHY & SCI5CE1 A TASK :I* WILL HAVE TO BE UND]TAK5 SOM$AY4 ,P]HAPS SOME READ]S MAY HAVE BE5 DRAWN TO SIMIL> IDEAS 7:I* >E ACTUALLY DIFF]5T BECAUSE !Y LEAVE ASIDE ! IMPORTANCE ( REPRES5TATION 9 SOCIAL CONTEXTS7 9 ! WORK ( ,C>DAN & ! SOCIAL-IMAG9>Y1 ! SITUATIONI/S & ! SPECTACLE1 & 9 ! >EA ( S*OL>%IP1 ,F\CAULT'S ANALYSIS ( REPRES5TATION 9 ! SIXTE5? C5TURY 7:I* WE TOOK UP 9 A /UDY ( ! DEMOCRATIC MY/IFICATION74 ,WE W\LD LIKE TO CL>IFY \R [N POSITION ON ?IS3 WE EMPLOY ! T]M 0REPRES5TATION0 9 ! SAME WAY AS ,M>X DID 7VOR/ELLUNG7 9 ORD] TO 9DICATE1 = EXAMPLE1 ?AT VALUE MU/ BE REPRES5T$ 9 A PRICE4 ,9 0,A PROPOS DU CAPITAL0 7,9V>IANCE S]4 ,I,I,I1 NO4 #a71 WE DISCUSS$ V]Y BRIEFLY ! WAY CAPITAL BECOMES REPRES5TATION1 :I* !N BECOMES AUTONOM\S1 & H[ IT CAN !N ONLY EXI/ ?R\< BE+ ACCEPT$ & RECOGNIZ$ BY EV]YONE AS REAL4 ,?IS IS :Y PEOPLE HAVE N[ HAD TO 9T]IORIZE ! REPRES5TATION ( CAPITAL4 ,?IS :OLE QUE/ION ( REPRES5TATION IS A V]Y IMPORTANT ONE4 ,FROM ! MOM5T :5 HUMAN BE+S & NATURE NO LONG] EXI/ TOGE!R 9 AN IMM$IATE UNITY 7LEAV+ ASIDE = ! MOM5T ! QUE/ION ( :E!R AN 0IMM$IATE UNITY0 C\LD EV] HAVE BE5 POSSIBLE71 REPRES5TATION BECOMES NECESS>Y4 ,REPRES5TATION IS ! HUMAN APPROPRIATION ( REALITY & \R MEANS ( COMMUNICATION1 & 9 ?IS S5SE IT CAN NEV] BE ABOLI%$3 HUMAN BE+S CANNOT EXI/ 9 AN UNDIFF]5TIAT$ UNION ) NATURE4 ,! PO9T IS ?AT REPRES5TATION MU/ NOT BE ALL[$ TO BECOME AUTONOM\S1 ANO!R EXPRESSION ( ALI5ATION4 

.<#h.> ,SEE ! *APT] 0,GR[? ( ,PRODUCTIVE ,=CES3 ,DOME/ICATION ( ,HUMAN ,BE+S0 9 ,CAMATTE3 ,! ,W&]+ ( ,HUMANITY 7,DETROIT1 #a#i#g#e74 ,?AT WORK ALSO CONTA9S A MORE DETAIL$ DISCUSSION ( O!R MATT]S RAIS$ 9 ! PRES5T >TICLE1 E4G4 ! ,M>XI/ !ORY ( ! PROLET>IAT1 REPRESSIVE CONSCI\SNESS ETC4 .<TRANSLATOR'S NOTE.> 

.<#i.> ,?IS PO9T WAS MADE CLE> BY ,NORMAN 4 ,BR[N 9 ,]OS & ,?ANATOS4 ,! FE> ( 9DIVIDUALITY CANNOT BY ITSELF ADEQUATELY EXPLA9 ! PR(\ND PH5OM5ON :]EBY HUMAN BE+S >E PRESS$ 9TO A MOLD1 OBLIG$ TO ID5TIFY !MSELVES AS A C]TA9 TYPE ( BE+ & =C$ TO SUBM]GE !MSELVES )9 A GR\P4 ,PEOPLE >E AFRAID ( !MSELVES BECAUSE !Y DON'T KN[ !MSELVES4 ,H5CE !RE IS ?IS NE$ = A NORM 9 ORD] TO BE ABLE TO W>D (F ! 0EXCESSES0 :I* CAN AFFLICT ! SOCIAL ORD] AS WELL AS ! 9DIVIDUAL HE>T4 ,IT W\LD SEEM ?AT ! ORGANIZATIONS )9 SOCIETY >E TOO FRAGILE TO ALL[ ! FREE DEVELOPM5T ( HUMAN POT5TIALITIES4 ,) ! CAPITALI/ MODE ( PRODUCTION EV]Y?+ IS POSSIBLE AS AN ELEM5T ( CAPITALIZATION1 BUT :AT IS POSSIBLE IS ALL ! TIME ONLY :AT IS P]MITT$2 ?IS MEANS ?AT ! 9DIVIDUAL IS R$UC$ TO A MODALITY ( BE+ ?AT IS EI!R NORMAL OR ABNORMAL2 ! TOTALITY MEAN:ILE EXI/S ONLY )9 ! DISC\RSE ( CAPITAL1 :]E IT REMA9S P]V]T$ & BEYOND REA*4 ,! FE> ( 9DIVIDUALITY COMES ?R\< V]Y CLE>LY 9 MO/ ( ! UTOPIAS :I* DEPICT ! TRIUMPH ( A DESPOTIC & EGALIT>IAN RATIONALITY4 

.<#a.> ,! ABBREVIATIONS REF] TO ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY1 ! ,SOCIALI/ ,P>TY1 ! ,UNIT$ ,SOCIALI/ ,P>TY & ! TWO BIG LABOR CONF$]ATIONS3 ,C,G,T 7,COMMUNI/7 & ! ,C,F,D,T 709DEP5D5T0 LEFT74 ,! AGITATION 9 ! LYCEES EM]G$ OP5LY ON #bb ,M>* :5 #c1 Y\NG PEOPLE DEMON/RAT$ 9 ,P>IS AGA9/ ! ,DEBRE LAW :I* PROVID$ = #ae MON?S MILIT>Y S]VICE 7PREVI\SLY TWO YE>S7 = ALL #ah YE> OLDS1 BUT ) NO DEF]M5T BEYOND ! AGE ( #b#a4 ,DUR+ ! FIR/ P>T ( ,APRIL !RE W]E MORE L>GE DEMON/RATIONS 9 ,P>IS 7ONE ( !M NUMB]+ #a1 ACCORD+ TO ,! ,TIMES1 #a ,APR #g#c7 & 9 MANY O!R CITIES 9 ,FRANCE & ALSO ,/RASB\RG4 ,/RIKE ,COMMITTEES W]E =M$ 9 ! LYCEES & G5]AL ASSEMBLIES W]E SET UP4 ,!SE W]E (T5 CONTROLL$ BY POLITICAL MILITANTS 7USUALLY BELONG+ TO ! TROTSKYI/ ORGANIZATIONS1 ,LA ,LIGUE ,COMMUNI/E ,REVOLUTIONNAIRE & ,L',ALLIANCE ,M>XI/E2 ! Y\NG ,COMMUNI/S /AY$ ) ! EXI/+ /UD5T ORGANIZATIONS71 & !SE LEAD]S SUCCE$$1 AGA9/ SOME CONSID]ABLE OPPOSITION1 9 =G+ CONTACTS ) ! TRADE UNIONS :I* HAD E>LI] ISSU$ LONG DECL>ATIONS ( SUPPORT = ! /RIK+ LYCE5S4 ,?IS L$ TO ! 0UNIT>Y0 DEMON/RATIONS ( #i ,APRIL :]E LEAD]S ( ! ,C,G,T ETC4 M>*$ AT ! HEAD ( ! COLUMNS4 .<TRANSLATOR'S NOTE.> 

.<#a#a.> ,9 #aifd ,C>DAN SAW ?AT Y\? 9SURRECTIONS W]E V]Y IMPORTANT1 BUT HE VIEW$ !M AS SOME?+ EXT]IOR :I* HAD TO BE MADE USE (4 ,?IS IS ! TRIBUTE :I* IDEOLOGY PAYS TO ! OLD IDEA ( CONSCI\SNESS COM+ FROM \TSIDE3 0,! REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5T WILL BE ABLE TO GIVE A POSITIVE DIRECTION TO TODAYS 5ORM\S Y\? REVOLT4 ,IF IT CAN DISCOV] ?AT NEW & TRUE LANGUAGE :I* ! Y\? IS LOOK+ =1 IT CAN TURN !IR REVOLT 9TO A F]M5T ( SOCIAL TRANS=MATION1 & %[ !M ANO!R ACTIVITY = !IR /RUGGLE AGA9/ ! WORLD :I* !Y N[ REFUSE40 ,SOCIALISME \ ,B>B>IE ,NO4 #c#e1 P4 #ce 

.<#a#b.> ,ON ! SUBJECT ( ! >MY1 WE W\LD 9SI/ ?AT ?OSE >GUM5TS :I* ATTEMPT TO DI/+UI% BETWE5 ! VOLUNTE]1 PR(ESSIONAL >MY & ! CONSCRIPT OR NATIONAL >MY >E A FRAUD1 AN ABSURD BLACKMAIL4 ,IF Y\ 5D MILIT>Y S]VICE1 Y\ >E /ILL LEFT ) A PR(ESSIONAL >MY1 A PRETORIAN GU>D & ! POSSIBILITY ( A FASCI/ REVIVAL4 7,C]TA9 LEFTI/ GR\PS 09T]V5$0 DUR+ ! AGITATION 9 #aigc DEM&+ DEMOCRATIC & POPUL> CONTROL ( ! NATIONAL >MY .<TRANSLATORS NOTE.>74 ,9 PRACTICE1 ! PRES5T SY/EM 9 ,FRANCE IS A MIXTURE3 A PR(ESSIONAL >MY :I* $UCATES & TRA9S ! 9TAKE :O !N GO TO MAKE UP ! NATIONAL >MY4 ,& :]E DID ?IS NATIONAL >MY1 MU* VAUNT$ BY ,JAURES COME FROM8 -- ! UNION SACREE ( #a#i#a#d1 ! SACR$ SLAU<T] :I* IS V5]AT$ TO ?IS DAY4 ,!RE IS A BOOK CALL$ L',>MEE ,N\VELLE 7PUBLI%] #a_/#a#h7 :I* DEMON/RATES ! EXT5T TO :I* 0FASCISM0 HAD NO NE$ TO 9V5T A FRE% !ORY 9 ?IS >EA1 S9CE ONE HAD ALREADY BE5 PROVID$ BY ! SOCIAL DEMOCRATIC ,9T]NATIONAL4 ,JAURES WANT$ TO RECONCILE >MY & NATION 7:I* IS EXACTLY :AT ,HITL] WANT$ & MANAG$ TO A*IEVE47 ,! RECONCILIATION WAS ACCOMPLI%$ 9 #aiad :5 ! BRAVE ,FR5*M5 GAILY SET \T = ! SLAU<T]4 ,H[ DIFF]5T IT ALL WAS FROM ,JAURES' CULT ( LA PATRIE4 0,IT WAS ROOT$ 9 ! V]Y F\NDATIONS ( HUMAN LIFE1 & EV51 IF WE CAN PUT IT ?IS WAY1 9 PEOPLE'S PHYSIOLOGY0 7L',>MEE ,N\VELLE1 P4#b#f#h74 ,& 9 ,G]MANY1 AT AB\T ! SAME TIME1 ,BEBEL WAS ?9K+ ALONG SIMIL> L9ES4 

.<#a#c.> ,CIT$ 9 ,NOAM ,*OMSKY3 ,AM]ICAN ,P[] & ! ,NEW ,M&>9S 7,PELICAN1 #a#i#f#i7 P4 #b#d#g4 

.<#a#d.> ,! ,ASIATIC MODE ( PRODUCTION EXP]I5C$ QUITE A NUMB] ( V]Y EXT5SIVE 9SURRECTIONAL MOVEM5TS :I* EFFECTIVELY REG5]AT$ IT4 ,ACCORD+ TO A NUMB] ( HI/ORIANS1 SOME REVOLTS W]E EV5 RAIS$ UP BY ! /ATE ITSELF ,MAO'S GREAT CULTURAL REVOLUTION IS ONLY A REPLAY ( SU* REVOLTS4 ,!SE FACTS CONFIRM ! !SIS WE HAVE ADVANC$ MANY TIMES BE=E AB\T !1 CONV]G5CE BETWE5 ! ,ASIATIC MODE ( PRODUCTION :]E CLASSES C\LD NEV] BECOME AUTONOM\S1 & ! CAPITALI/ MODE :]E !Y >E ABSORB$4 

.<#a#e.> ,! ,C,R,S >E ! P>A-MILIT>Y RIOT POLICE4 ,9 ,MAY #aigi A NEW V>IATION ON ! OLD SLOGAN APPE>$ :5 ! TROTSKYI/S ( ! ,LIGUE ,COMMUNI/E ,REVOLUTIONAIRE 7,L,C,R7 JO9$ =CES ) ! /AL9I/S & ! ,C,R,S 9 ! VIOL5T REPRESSION DIRECT$ AGA9/ ! 0AUTONOMES0 DUR+ ! DEMON/RATIONS 9 ,P>IS BY ! /EEL WORK]S FROM ,LONGWY & ,D5A93 ,L,C,R"7,C,R,S1 OR ,L,C,R,S4 .<TRANSLATOR'S NOTE.> 

.<#a#f.> ,NONVIOL5CE IS ITSELF JU/ AN 9SIDI\S HYPOCRITICAL =M ( VIOL5CE1 A SIGN ( C]TA9 PEOPLE'S 9ABILITY TO /& UP = !MSELVES AS HUMAN BE+S4 

.<#a#g.> ,! OLD OPPOSITION BETWE5 CITY & C\NTRY CLE>LY NO LONG] EXI/S4 ,CAPITAL HAS URBANIZ$ ! PLANET2 ,NATURE HAS BECOME M9]ALIZ$ 7MADE 9ORGANIC74 ,WE >E N[ SEE+ NEW CONFLICTS BETWE5 URBAN C5T]S & ?OSE P>TS ( ! C\NTRYSIDE :]E A FEW PEASANTS /ILL REMA94 ,URBAN C5T]S DEM& MORE & MORE WAT] :I* MEANS BUILD+ NUM]\S RES]VOIRS AT DI/ANCES ( FIFTY OR EV5 A HUNDR$ MILES FROM ! CITY4 ,?IS LEADS TO ! DE/RUCTION ( GOOD AGRICULTURAL L& AS WELL AS L& = HUNT+ & FI%+2 IT ALSO RESULTS 9 ! PEASANTS BE+ DEPRIV$ ( WAT] S9CE ALL ! S\RCES >E DRAWN (F TO FILL RES]VOIRS & *ANNELS4 ,?IS CONFLICT CAN AFFECT ! SAME P]SON FROM TWO ANGLES IF HE_/%E LIVES 9 ! T[N & [NS A SECOND 0H\SE 9 ! C\NTRY04 ,WE CAN SEE N[ ?AT ! PROBLEM EXT5DS WELL BEYOND ! QUE/ION ( ! TRADITIONAL PEASANTRY2 IT N[ 9VOLVES ! GLOBAL RELATION%IP ( PEOPLE TO ! NATURAL WORLD & A RECONSID]ATION ( !IR ACTUAL MODE ( BE+4 

.<#a#h.> ,:I* IS H[ ONE W\LD HAVE TO REG>D ! ACTIONS ( ?OSE ,AM]ICAN PSY*IATRI/S :O VOLUNT>ILY COMMIT !MSELVES TO PSY*IATRIC CL9ICS1 !REBY DEMON/RAT+ ! !RE IS NO SY/EM ( KN[L$GE CAPABLE ( DEF9+ MADNESS4 7,WE MI<T ADD ?AT ! PRODUCTION ( ACTUAL MADNESS IS NECESS>Y TO ! EXI/5CE ( CAPITAL74 

.<#a#i.> ,DEA? HAS BECOME AN ESS5TIAL ELEM5T 9 PEOPLE'S COM+ TO CONSCI\SNESS ( !MSELVES1 BUT SU* CONSCI\SNESS IS TRANSMITT$ ONLY ) GREAT DIFFICULTY4 ,! PASSAGE FROM ! EXT]IOR TO ! 9T]IOR IS TOO LABORI\S1 BUT =TUNATELY ! EXP$I5TS & %ORTCUTS >E !RE4 

.<#b.> ,A PROCESS DESCRIB$ AS 0PROS!SIS0 BY ,CES>ANO & ,COLLU 9 ,APOCALISSE ET ,RIVOLUZIONE 7,D$ALO1 ,B>I1 #a#i#g#c74 ,! BOOK PRES5TS ITSELF AS 0A MANIFE/O = BIOLOGICAL REVOLUTION0 & NO RESUME C\LD DO JU/ICE TO ITS GREAT RI*NESS ( ?\<T4 7,! AU?ORS ALSO TAKE UP ! QUE/ION ( REPRES5TATION & SYMBOLISM 9 SOCIAL RELATIONS4 ,SEE NOTE #g74 ,H]E >E TWO PASSAGES :I* GIVE A SMALL 9SI<T 9TO !IR POSITION3 ,! PROGRESSIVE ?9K]S :O PRODUC$ ! ,M,I,T REPORT 7,MAN'S ,IMPACT ON ! ,GLOBAL ,5VIRONM5T1 #a#i#g#b7 & ALSO ! PROPOSITIONS PUT =W>D BY ,MAN%OLT ALL SUGGE/ ?AT CAPITAL CANNOT SURVIVE UNLESS IT CONT9UALLY 9CREASES ! VOLUME ( COMMODITY PRODUCTION 7! BASIS ( ITS VALORIZATION PROCESS74 ,BUT !Y >E MI/AK5 9 ?IS IF !IR UND]/&+ ( COMMODITY IS RE/RICT$ TO ?+S4 ,IT DOESN'T MATT] :E!R ! COMMODITY =M IS A ?+ OR 0A P]SON04 ,9 ORD] = CAPITAL TO CONT9UE ITS GR[? IT REQUIRES ONLY ?IS3 ?AT )9 ! PROCESS ( CIRCULATION !RE MU/ BE A MOM5T :5 ONE COMMODITY ( :ATEV] K9D ASSUMES ! TASK ( EX*ANG+ ITSELF = ,A 9 ORD] TO SUBSEQU5TLY EX*ANGE ITSELF ) ,X4 ,9 !ORY ?IS IS P]FECTLY POSSIBLE1 PROVID$ ?AT CON/ANT CAPITAL1 9/EAD ( BE+ 9VE/$ MA9LY 9 PROJECTS TO MANUFACTURE OBJECTS1 IS DEVOT$ TO PROJECTS DESIGN$ TO CREATE CORPORATE PEOPLE 70SOCIAL S]VICES01 0P]SONNEL S]VICES074 7P4 #h#b7 ,FICTION 7LE FICTIF7 REA*ES ITS F9AL PEAK ( COH] 5CE :5 IT IS ABLE TO PRES5T ITSELF AS A COMPLETE REPRES5TATION & H5CE AS AN ORGANIZATION ( APPE>ANCES :I* IS COMPLETELY UNREAL2 ULTIMATELY IT IS ABLE TO SEP>ATE ITSELF DEF9ITIVELY FROM ! CONCRETE1 TO SU* A DEGREE ?AT IT DISAPPE>S ALTOGE!R4 7,?US FICTION IS ! ESS5CE ( ALL RELIGIONS74 ,! HUMAN SPECIES WILL BE ABLE TO EMANCIPATE ITSELF DEF9ITIVELY FROM PROS!SIS & FREE ITSELF FROM FICTION & RELIGION ONLY :5 IT OP5LY RECOGNIZES ITSELF AS SUBJECTIVELY ACT+ AS AN 9DISSOLUBLE P>T ( ! ORGANIC MOVEM5T ( NATURE 9 ITS GLOBAL PROCESS4 ,BIOLOGICAL REVOLUTION CONSI/S 9 REV]S+ ONCE & = ALL ! RELATION%IP :I* HAS BE5 A FEATURE ( ALL PREHI/ORY 7I4E4 ALL ! P]IOD PREC$+ ! COMMUNI/ REVOLUTION71 :]EBY ! PHYSICAL EXI/5CE ( ! SPECIES IS SUBORD9AT$ TO ! ROLE ( ! SOCIAL ME*ANISM2 IT IS ! EMANCIPATION ( ORGANIC SUBJECTIVITY1 ! TAM+ ( ! MA*9E ONCE & = ALL 9 :ATEV] =M IT MAY APPE>4 7P4 #a#e#c7 

.<#b#a.> ,WE >E REF]R+ H]E NOT TO ! HUMAN BE+ AS AN 9DIVIDUAL EXI/+ 9 A P>TICUL> HI/ORICAL P]IOD1 BUT AS AN 9V>IANT CON/ANT4 

.<#b#b.> ,BORDIGA ONCE MA9TA9$ ?AT 0WE >E ! ONLY ONES TO GR\ND \R ACTION 9 ! FUTURE04 ,9 #aieb HE WROTE3 0,\R /R5G? LIES MORE 9 ! SCI5CE ( ! FUTURE ?AN 9 ?AT ( ! PA/ OR PRES5T40 70,EXPLORATEURS DE L'AV5IR01 ,BATTAGLIA ,COMMUNI/A NO4 #f7 

.<#b#c.> 0,L'9DU/RIE DU FUTUR0 E4G4 FUTUROLOGY1 ! TE*NOLOGICAL REVOLUTION1 M>KET+1 RES\RCES PLANN+1 SPACE EXPLORATION ETC4 TRANSLATORS NOTE.> 

.<#b#d.> ,CAPITAL IS *>ACT]IZ$ NOT SO MU* BY ! WAY IT EMPHASIZES QUANTITY :ILE D5Y+ QUALITY1 BUT RA!R BY ! FACT ?AT !RE EXI/S A FUNDAM5TAL CONTRADICTION BETWE5 ! TWO1 ) ! QUANTITATIVE T5D+ TO OV]:ELM ALL ASPECTS ( QUALITY4 ,IT IS NOT A QUE/ION ( REALIZ+ ! DESIRE = QUALITY BY D5Y+ QUANTITY 79 ! SAME WAY1 ONE DOES NOT >RIVE AT USE VALUE BY SUPPRESS+ EX*ANGE VALUE74 ,IT WILL REQUIRE A TOTAL MUTATION BE=E ALL ! LOGIC ( ?IS DOM9ATION CAN BE SWEPT AWAY4 ,= QUALITY & QUANTITY BO? EXI/ 9 CLOSE AFF9ITY ) MEASUREM5T1 & ALL >E 9 TURN L9K$ TO VALUE4 ,MEASUREM5T OP]ATES TO AN EQUAL DEGREE AT ! LEVEL ( USE VALUE1 AS WELL AS EX*ANGE VALUE4 ,9 ! =M] CASE1 IT IS CLOSELY B\ND UP ) ONE TYPE ( DOM9ATION3 USE VALUES MEASURE A P>TICUL> P]SON'S SOCIAL POSITION1 & >E ALSO A MEASURE ( ! WEI<T ( OPPRESSION !Y BE>4 ,USE VALUES IMPOSE !IR [N DESPOTISM :I* 5VELOPS ! O!R DESPOTISM 7EX*ANGE VALUE71 & N[ ALSO ?AT ( CAPITAL4 ,M>X1 9 HIS NOTES TO ,J4,S4,MILL'S WORK1 D5\NC$ UTILIT>IANISM AS A PHILOSOPHY 9 :I* MAN IS VALU$ ONLY 9 T]MS ( HIS USE1 :ILE EX*ANGE T5DS TO AUTONOMIZE ITSELF4 

.<#b#e.> ,?IS IS ,BLANQUI'S DEF9ITION ( 9F9ITY :I* IS ITSELF A SLI<T MODIFICATION ( ,PASCAL'S FAM\S PHRASE4 7,! ,FR5* IS3 0LE C5T] E/ P>T\T1 LA SURFACE NULLE P>T0 -- TRANSLATORS NOTE7 

.<#b#f.> 0,FROM \R PRES5T PO9T ( VIEW1 ?IS PR$ICTION SEEMS TO BE WRONG4 ,BUT WE %\LD BE> 9 M9D ?AT PR$ICTIONS CAN NEV] BE MADE ) ABSOLUTE ACCURACY2 ! OV]ALL PROCESS WILL G5]ALLY T5D TO LAG BEH9D :AT WE =ECA/ WILL HAPP51 & !RE IS ALSO ! FACTOR ?AT EV]Y SU* PR$ICTION IS AN EXPRESSION ( A P>TICUL> 9DIVIDUAL'S1 [N PR(\ND DESIRE4 ,& DESIRE IS ALWAYS 9 A HURRY1 IT DOESN'T KN[ H[ TO WAIT4   
     ,WE %\LD DISCUSS ! FUTURE REALI/ICALLY3 I4E4 9 T]MS ( ! MOVEM5T & PROCESS T[>DS REVOLUTION1 & FROM ! /&PO9T ?AT WE MU/ AB&ON ?IS WORLD4 ,BUT IT CANNOT BE /AT$ AS SIMPLY AS ?AT2 IT />TS TO LOOK LIKE EQUIVOCATION4 ,WE \<T TO BE ABLE N[ TO EXAM9E ! =ECA/ WE MADE & :AT EM]GES FROM IT4 ,:AT IS TRUE AB\T IT IS ! FACT ?AT 9 #a#i#g#h1 ! REFUSAL WE HAVE (T5 SPOK5 AB\T IS N[ MORE MANIFE/1 MORE DEF9ITELY PRES5T ?AN IT HAS BE5 9 ! YE>S PREC$+4 ,?IS REFUSAL MOREOV]1 IS HEAVY ) CONSEQU5CES = CAPITAL'S DE/RUCTION4   
     0,:AT WE HAVE SAID SO F> HAS BE5 CONC]N$ ) ! P]MAN5T ELEM5T ( ! P]SPECTIVE1 BUT IT DOESN'T CL>IFY P>TICUL>LY ! SITUATION AT ! PRES5T1 :]E WE F9D ?AT ! CONC]N IS NO LONG] ) A /RUGGLE AGA9/ CAPITAL AS SU*4 ,9 #a#i#g#c1 ONE C\LD ALREADY SEE ?AT ! DE/RUCTION AIM$ AT CAPITAL WAS 9DIRECT3 IT DID NOT COME FROM M5 & WOM5 =M+ A FRONTAL OPPOSITION AGA9/ IT4 ,IF ! SY/EM SUFF]S FROM 9/ABILITY -- ! 'CRISIS' AS ! ECONOMI/S N[ CALL IT -- ?IS DOESN'T ( ITSELF CALL CAPITAL 9TO QUE/ION1 & ! CATA/ROPHE IS ONLY JU/ BEG9N+ TO DEVELOP ITS PREMISES 7?\< ! PACE ( EV5TS CAN ACCEL]ATE QUICKLY74   
     0,ONE FUNDAM5TAL ?+ TO EM]GE S9CE #ai< IS ! FACT ?AT WE >E FA/ APPROA*+ ! 5D ( ! CYCLE ( CAPITAL4 ,IT IS MORE 9T5SIVE N[1 BUT ALSO MORE EXT5SIVE1 & FROM EI!R PO9T ( VIEW ?IS MAKES IT EASI] = US TO AB&ON CAPITAL4 ,TAK+ UP A POSITION AB\T SOME?+ ?AT IS ALREADY A*IEV$ & F9I%$ IS EASY2 IT IS MU* H>D] ) SOME?+ ?AT IS /ILL 9 ! PROCESS ( =MATION & DEVELOPM5T40    7FROM 0LA SEP>ATION NECESSAIRE ET L'IMM5SE REFUS01 #a#i#g#i7   
     ,?IS IS AS CLE> AS ,I WAS ABLE TO GET IT 9 ,JANU>Y #aigi :5 ?AT PIECE WAS WRITT54 ,9 A MORE REC5T >TICLE 70L',E*O DU ,TEMPS01 ,FEB4 #a#i#h7 ,I TRY TO DESCRIBE MORE ACCURATELY H[ ?IS 0DE/RUCTION0 ( ! COMMUNITY ( CAPITAL CAN COME AB\T4 ,IT IS AN ATTEMPT TO TAKE UP ! QUE/ION ( :AT ,I CALL CAPITAL'S POT5TIAL DEA?1 :I* IS DUE TO ITS MOVEM5T ( AN?ROPOMORPHIZATION & ! CAPITALIZATION ( HUMAN BE+S4   
  ,AS CAPITAL OP5LY 9/ALLS ITS COMMUNITY IT REALIZES A PROJECT ( ! HUMAN SPECIES & AT ! SAME TIME EXHAU/S ITS POSSIBILITIES4 ,BE+ REAL CONTEMPOR>IES ( \R P]IOD REQUIRES A CLE> REALIZATION ( ! POT5TIAL DEA? ( CAPITAL1 9 ORD] ?AT WE MAY SUBSEQU5TLY EMB>K ON A NEW DYNAMIC ( LIFE4 7,AU?OR'S NOTE1 ,M>* #a#i#h7 

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