,*APT] #c ,/ATES1 ,SOCIETIES1 & ! ,COLLAPSE ( ,SOCIALISM #bdbd ,PEOPLE 3 ,AU?OR 3 ,COL9 ,W>D ,TEXT 3 ,!RE IS A VITAL DI/9CTION1 /RESS$ BY AN>*I/S1 BETWE5 SOCIETY & ! /ATE4 ,IT HAS BE5 OBVI\S = C5TURIES1 & AL?\< MANY POLITICAL ?9K]S HAVE IGNOR$ ?IS DI/9CTION1 IT WAS AS CLE>1 = EXAMPLE1 TO SU* #b?-C5TURY ACADEMICS AS ,ISAIAH ,B]L9 OR ,G4 ,D4 ,H4 ,COLE AS IT WAS 9 ! #a#h? C5TURY TO ,?OMAS ,PA9E1 CIT$ 9 ! PREVI\S *APT]4 ,H[EV]1 ACCOMPANY+ ! COLLAPSE ( ! ,SOVIET ,EMPIRE !RE HAS BE5 A R$ISCOV]Y BY POLITICAL 5QUIR]S ( 'CIVIL SOCIETY'4 ,! PHILOSOPH] ,M>T9 ,BUB] WAS ! FRI5D & EXECUTOR ( ! ,G]MAN AN>*I/ ,GU/AV ,L&AU]1 :OSE OBS]VATION AB\T ! NATURE ( ! /ATE AS A MODE ( HUMAN BEHAVIOR IS DISCUSS$ 9 ,*APT] #a4 ,9 HIS CAPACITY AS A PR(ESSOR ( SOCIOLOGY1 ,BUB] PROVID$ A /RIK+ POL>IZATION ( ! TWO PR9CIPLES ( HUMAN BEHAVIOR 9VOLV$3 ! POLITICAL & ! SOCIAL4 ,HE SAW ! *>ACT]I/ICS ( ! POLITICAL PR9CIPLE TO BE P[]1 AU?ORITY1 HI]>*Y1 & DOM9ION1 :ILE ! SOCIAL PR9CIPLE WAS VISIBLE TO HIM 9 ALL SPONTANE\S HUMAN ASSOCIATIONS BUILT >\ND A COMMON NE$ OR COMMON 9T]E/4 ,! PROBLEM ?AT >OSE WAS ?AT ( ID5TIFY+ ! REASON = ! CONT9UAL ASC5DANCY ( ! POLITICAL PR9CIPLE4 ,BUB]'S ANSW] SUGGE/$ ?AT ! FACT ?AT EV]Y PEOPLE FEELS ITSELF ?REAT5$ BY ! O!RS GIVES ! /ATE ITS DEF9ITE UNIFY+ P[]2 IT DEP5DS UPON ! 9/9CT ( SELF-PRES]VATION ( SOCIETY ITSELF2 ! LAT5T EXT]NAL CRISIS 5ABLES IT TO GET ! UPP] H& 9 9T]NAL CRISES 4 4 4 ,ALL =MS ( GOV]NM5T HAVE ?IS 9 COMMON3 EA* POSSESSES MORE P[] ?AN IS REQUIR$ BY ! GIV5 CONDITIONS2 9 FACT1 ?IS EXCESS 9 ! CAPACITY = MAK+ DISPOSITIONS IS ACTUALLY :AT WE UND]/& BY POLITICAL P[]4 ,! MEASURE ( ?IS EXCESS 4 4 4 REPRES5TS ! EXACT DIFF]5CE BETWE5 ADM9I/RATION & GOV]NM5T4 ,BUB] DESCRIB$ ?IS EXCESS1 :I* HE ADMITT$ C\LD NOT BE COMPUT$ EXACTLY1 AS ! 'POLITICAL SURPLUS'1 & OBS]V$ ?AT ITS JU/IFICATION D]IVES FROM ! EXT]NAL & 9T]NAL 9/ABILITY1 FROM ! LAT5T /ATE ( CRISIS BETWE5 NATIONS & )9 EV]Y NATION4 ,! POLITICAL PR9CIPLE IS ALWAYS /RONG] 9 RELATION TO ! SOCIAL PR9CIPLE ?AN ! GIV5 CONDITIONS REQUIRE4 ,! RESULT IS A CONT9U\S DIM9UTION 9 SOCIAL SPONTANEITY4 ,SOCIAL SPONTANEITY IS HI*I/S BUT IS NOT ON ! AG5DA ( ! POLITICIANS 9VOLV$ 9 DISMANTL+ ! ,BRITI% PO/W> WELF>E /ATE1 & RECOMM5D+ ! VIRTUES ( PR(IT-MAK+ PRIVATE 5T]PRISE4 ,AN>*I/S >E FREQU5TLY TOLD ?AT !IR ANTIPA?Y TO ! /ATE IS HI/ORICALLY \TMOD$1 S9CE A MA9 FUNCTION ( ! MOD]N /ATE IS ! PROVISION ( SOCIAL WELF>E4 ,!Y RESPOND BY /RESS+ ?AT SOCIAL WELF>E 9 ,BRITA9 DID NOT ORIG9ATE FROM GOV]NM5T1 NOR FROM ! PO/W> ,NATIONAL ,9SURANCE LAWS1 NOR ) ! 9ITIATION ( ! ,NATIONAL ,HEAL? ,S]VICE 9 #a#i#d#h4 ,IT EVOLV$ FROM ! VA/ NETWORK ( FRI5DLY SOCIETIES & MUTUAL AID ORGANIZATIONS ?AT HAD SPRUNG UP ?R\< WORK+-CLASS SELF-HELP 9 ! #a#i? C5TURY4 ,! F\ND+ FA!R ( ! ,N,H,S WAS ! !N MEMB] ( P>LIAM5T = ,TR$EG> 9 ,S\? ,WALES1 ,ANEUR9 ,BEVAN1 ! ,LABOR ,GOV]NM5T'S ,M9I/] ( ,HEAL?4 ,HIS CON/ITU5CY WAS ! HOME ( ! ,TR$EG> ,M$ICAL ,SOCIETY1 F\ND$ 9 #ahg & SURVIV+ UNTIL #a#i#i#e4 ,IT PROVID$ M$ICAL C>E = ! LOCAL EMPLOY$ WORK]S1 :O W]E MO/LY M9]S & /EELWORK]S1 BUT ALSO 7UNLIKE ! PRE-#a#i#d#h ,NATIONAL ,HEAL? ,9SURANCE7 = ! NE$S ( DEP5D5TS1 *ILDR51 ! OLD1 & ! NON-EMPLOY$3 EV]YONE LIV+ 9 ! DI/RICT4 ,IT WAS SU/A9$ ?R\< ! YE>S BY VOLUNT>Y CONTRIBUTIONS ( ?REE OLD P5NIES 9 ! P\ND FROM ! WAGE-PACKETS ( M9]S & /EELWORK]S 4 4 4 ,AT ONE TIME ! SOCIETY EMPLOY$ FIVE DOCTORS1 A D5TI/1 A *IROPODI/ & A PHYSIO!RAPI/ TO C>E = ! HEAL? ( AB\T #b#e1 PEOPLE4 ,A RETIR$ M9] TOLD ,PET] ,H5NESSY ?AT :5 ,BEVAN 9ITIAT$ ! ,NATIONAL ,HEAL? ,S]VICE1 ',WE ?\4' ,9 PRACTICE1 ! ,HEAL? ,S]VICE HAS BE5 9 A /ATE ( CONT9U\S REORGANIZATION EV] S9CE ITS F\NDATION1 BUT HAS NEV] BE5 SUBMITT$ TO A LOCAL & F$]ALIZ$ APPROA* TO M$ICAL C>E4 ,A SECOND REFLECTION ON ! /ORY ( ,TR$EG> IS ?AT :5 EV]Y EMPLOY$ WORK] 9 ?AT T[N PAID A VOLUNT>Y LEVY TO EXT5D ! LOCAL M$ICAL S]VICE TO EV]Y RESID5T1 ! E>N+S ( EV5 HI1 ! C5TRAL GOV]NM5T'S ,TREASURY HAS CREAM$ (F ! CA% ?AT ONCE SUPPORT$ LOCAL 9ITIATIVES4 ,IF ! PATT]N ( LOCAL SELF-TAXATION ON ! ,TR$EG> MODEL HAD BECOME ! G5]AL PATT]N = HEAL? PROVISION1 ?IS P]MAN5T DAILY NE$ W\LD NOT HAVE BECOME ! PLAY?+ ( C5TRAL GOV]NM5T F9ANCIAL POLICY4 ,AN>*I/S CITE ?IS LITTLE1 LOCAL EXAMPLE ( AN ALT]NATIVE APPROA* TO ! PROVISION ( HEAL? C>E TO 9DICATE ?AT A DIFF]5T /YLE ( SOCIAL ORGANIZATION C\LD HAVE EVOLV$4 ,9 ,BRITI% EXP]I5CE1 ANO!R V>IETY WAS TO BE F\ND 9 ! #a#i#cS & #a#i#eS 9 :AT BECAME KN[N AS ! ,PECKHAM ,EXP]IM5T 9 S\? ,LONDON1 :I* WAS ESS5TIALLY A FAMILY HEAL? CLUB :]E M$ICAL C>E WAS A FEATURE ( A SOCIAL CLUB PROVID+ SPORT+ & SWIMM+ FACILITIES4 ,!SE & MU* MORE REC5T ATTEMPTS TO *ANGE ! RELATION%IPS 9 MEET+ UNIV]SAL SOCIAL NE$S EXEMPLIFY ! URG5CY ( ! SE>* = ALT]NATIVES TO ! DRE>Y POL>ITY ( PUBLIC BUREAUCRACY ON ! ONE H& & PRIVATE PR(IT ON ! O!R4 ,I HAVE MYSELF HE>D ! =M] *IEF >*ITECT TO ! ,M9I/RY ( ,HEAL? ADMIT ?AT ! ADVICE HE GAVE = YE>S ON HOSPITAL DESIGN WAS MISGUID$1 & HAVE HE>D SIMIL> CONFESSIONS FROM MANAGEM5T CONSULTANTS1 EXP5SIVELY HIR$ TO SOLVE ! ,N,H,S'S ORGANIZATIONAL PROBLEMS4 ,A C5TURY AGO1 ,KROPOTK9 NOT$ ! 5DLESS V>IETY ( 'FRI5DLY SOCIETIES1 ! UNITIES ( ODD FELL[S1 ! VILLAGE & T[N CLUBS ORGANIZ$ = MEET+ ! DOCTOR'S BILLS' BUILT UP BY WORK+-CLASS SELF-HELP2 AS P>T ( HIS EVID5CE = ,MUTUAL ,AID3 ,A ,FACTOR ( ,EVOLUTION1 & 9 A LAT] BOOK1 ,MOD]N ,SCI5CE & ,AN>*ISM1 HE DECL>$ ?AT '! ECONOMIC & POLITICAL LIB]ATION ( MAN WILL HAVE TO CREATE NEW =MS = ITS EXPRESSION 9 LIFE1 9/EAD ( ?OSE E/ABLI%$ BY ! ,/ATE'4 ,= HE SAW IT AS SELF-EVID5T ?AT '?IS NEW =M WILL HAVE TO BE MORE POPUL>1 MORE DEC5TRALIZ$1 & NE>] TO ! FOLK-MOTE SELF-GOV]NM5T ?AN REPRES5TATIVE GOV]NM5T CAN EV] BE'4 ,HE REIT]AT$ ?AT WE WILL BE COMPELL$ TO F9D NEW =MS ( ORGANIZATION = ! SOCIAL FUNCTIONS ?AT ! /ATE FULFILLS ?R\< ! BUREAUCRACY1 & ?AT 'AS LONG AS ?IS IS NOT DONE1 NO?+ WILL BE DONE'4 ,IT IS (T5 SUGGE/$ ?AT AS A RESULT ( MOD]N P]SONAL MOBILITY & 9/ANT COMMUNICATIONS1 WE ALL LIVE 9 A S]IES ( GLOBAL VILLAGES & ?AT CONSEQU5TLY ! CONCEPT ( LOCAL CONTROL ( LOCAL S]VICES IS OBSOLETE4 ,BUT !RE IS CONFUSION H]E BETWE5 ! CONCEPTS ( COMMUNITIES ( PROP9QUITY & COMMUNITIES ( 9T]E/4 ,WE MAY %>E CONC]NS ) PEOPLE ON ! O!R SIDE ( ! WORLD1 & NOT EV5 KN[ \R NEI$ 9T]E/S ) O!R US]S ( ! LOCAL PRIM>Y S*OOL OR HEAL? C5T]1 & ! LOCAL %OP OR PO/ (FICE4 ,H]E !RE IS1 AS EV]Y P>5T WILL CONFIRM1 AN 9T5SE CONC]N ) V]Y LOCAL ISSUES4 ,ALT]NATIVE PATT]NS ( SOCIAL CONTROL ( LOCAL FACILITIES C\LD HAVE EM]G$1 BUT = ! FACT ?AT C5TRALIZ$ GOV]NM5T IMPOS$ NATIONAL UNI=MITY1 :ILE POPUL> DISILLUSIONM5T ) ! BUREAUCRATIC WELF>E /ATE CO9CID$ ) ! RISE ( ! ALL-P>TY GOSPEL ( MANAG]IAL CAPITALISM4 ,AN>*I/S CLAIM ?AT AFT] ! 9EVITABLE DISAPPO9TM5T1 AN ALT]NATIVE CONCEPT ( SOCIALISM WILL BE R$ISCOV]$4 ,!Y >GUE ?AT ! ID5TIFICATION ( SOCIAL WELF>E ) BUREAUCRATIC MANAG]IALISM IS ONE ( ! FACTORS ?AT HAS DELAY$ ! EXPLORATION ( O!R APPROA*ES = HALF A C5TURY4 ,! PRIVATE SECTOR1 AS IT IS CALL$1 IS HAPPY TO TAKE OV] ! HEAL? NE$S ( ?OSE CITIZ5S :O CAN PAY ITS BILLS4 ,O!R CITIZ5S W\LD EI!R HAVE TO SUFF] ! M9IMAL S]VICES ?AT REMA9 = !M1 OR TO RE-CREATE ! 9/ITUTIONS ?AT !Y BUILT UP 9 ! #a#i? C5TURY4 ,! AN>*I/S SEE !IR ME?ODS AS MORE RELEVANT ?AN EV]1 WAIT+ TO BE RE9V5T$1 PRECISELY BECAUSE MOD]N SOCIETY HAS LE>N$ ! LIMITATIONS ( BO? SOCIALI/ & CAPITALI/ ALT]NATIVES4 ,A ONCE-FAM\S BOOK1 ,JAMES ,BURNHAM'S ,! ,MANAG]IAL ,REVOLUTION1 TRAC$ A %IFT 9 P[] 9 COMPANIES FROM %>EHOLD]S TO MANAG]S4 ,BUT ANO!R MORE REC5T *ANGE 9 ! P[] /RUCTURE ( PUBLIC S]VICES ( EV]Y K9D HAS BE5 FELT1 = EXAMPLE1 ALL ?R\< ! $UCATION SY/EM4 ,IT IS ! RISE TO DOM9ANCE ( PR(ESSIONAL MANAG]S :O >E ! NEW UNASSAILABLE MA/]S ( EV]Y K9D ( 9/ITUTION4 ,MIDDLE-CLASS PR(ESSIONALS 91 SAY1 PUBLIC HEAL?1 5VIRONM5TAL PLANN+1 S*OOLS & UNIV]SITIES1 & ! SOCIAL S]VICES HAVE F\ND !MSELVES SUBJECT$ TO ! SAME K9D ( MANAG]IAL ,NEWSPEAK ?AT US$ TO \TRAGE WORK+-CLASS TRADE UNIONI/S4 ,MA/]Y ( ITS GROTESQUE J>GON HAS BECOME ! PR]EQUISITE = APPO9TM5T & PROMOTION ?R\<\T ! JOB M>KET1 EXCEPT 9 ! SUBM]G$ ECONOMY ( H>D REPETITIVE WORK1 :]E ! OLD ASSUMPTIONS ( 9SECURITY1 LONG H\RS1 & L[ PAY REMA9 TRUE4 ,! NEW MANAG]IALISM HAS SU* 9SUB/ANTIAL F\NDATIONS & HAS >\S$ SU* RES5TM5T AMONG PEOPLE PR\D ( !IR PR(ESSIONAL SKILLS 7AS WAS ALSO TRUE ( SKILL$ WORK]S DISPLAC$ BY GLOBALIZATION7 ?AT IT IS B\ND TO BE *ALL5G$ BY A NEW BRE$ ( ADVOCATES ( WORKPLACE DEMOCRACY4 ,ALREADY ! AU?ORS ( ALT]NATIVE TEXTBOOKS ( MANAGEM5T >E BORR[+ ! LANGUAGE1 IF NOT ! 9T5TIONS1 ( ! AN>*I/S1 = EXAMPLE ) A MANUAL 5TITL$ ,MANAG+ ,)\T ,MANAGEM5T1 & ANO!R CALL$ ,ACTION & ,EXI/5CE3 ,AN>*ISM = ,BUS9ESS ,ADM9I/RATION4 ,IT SEEMS 9EVITABLE ?AT AN>*I/ CONCEPTS WILL BE RE9V5T$ OR R$ISCOV]$ CONT9UALLY1 9 FIELDS NEV] 5VISAG$ BY ! PROPAG&I/S ( ! PA/1 AS PEOPLE 9 SO MANY >EAS ( HUMAN ACTIVITY SE>* = ALT]NATIVES TO ! CRUDITIES & 9JU/ICES ( BO? FREE-M>KET CAPITALISM & BUREAUCRATIC MANAG]IAL SOCIALISM4 ,IT IS POSSIBLE TO DISC]N F\R PR9CIPLES ?AT W\LD %APE AN AN>*I/ !ORY ( ORGANIZATIONS3 ?AT !Y %\LD BE 7#a7 VOLUNT>Y1 7#b7 FUNCTIONAL1 7#c7 TEMPOR>Y1 & 7#d7 SMALL4 ,!Y %\LD BE VOLUNT>Y & FUNCTIONAL = OBVI\S REASONS4 ,!RE IS NO PO9T 9 ADVOCAT+ 9DIVIDUAL FRE$OM & RESPONSIBILITY IF WE GO ON TO SET UP ORGANIZATIONS 9 :I* MEMB]%IP IS M&ATORY1 OR :I* HAVE NO PURPOSE4 ,!RE IS A T5D5CY = BODIES TO CONT9UE TO EXI/ AFT] HAV+ \TLIV$ !IR FUNCTIONS4 ,!Y %\LD BE TEMPOR>Y PRECISELY BECAUSE P]MAN5CE IS ONE ( ?OSE FACTORS ?AT H>D5S ! >T]IES ( ANY ORGANIZATION1 GIV+ IT A VE/$ 9T]E/ 9 ITS [N SURVIVAL1 OR 9 S]V+ ! 9T]E/S ( ITS (FICE-HOLD]S RA!R ?AN P]=M+ ITS O/5SIBLE FUNCTIONS4 ,F9ALLY1 !Y %\LD BE SMALL BECAUSE 9 SMALL1 FACE-TO-FACE GR\PS ! BUREAUCRATIZ+ & HI]>*ICAL T5D5CIES 9H]5T 9 ALL ORGANIZATIONS HAVE LEA/ OPPORTUNITY TO DEVELOP4 ,! #b? C5TURY EXP]I5C$ OR WITNESS$ EV]Y V>IETY ( /ATE SOCIALISM1 & LE>N$ ?AT IF ITS RUL]S >E RU?LESS 5\<1 !Y CAN IMPOSE1 = A :ILE1 ! MO/ BIZ>RE REGIMES & DESCRIBE !M AS SOCIALISM4 ,AS SOCIALISM HAS BE5 GROSSLY MISREPRES5T$1 SO AN>*ISM SUFF]S FROM ! WIDELY HELD VIEW ?AT IT IS SIMPLY ANO!R V>IETY ( MILL5>IANISM1 ! BELIEF 9 ! EV5TUAL >RIVAL1 'AFT] ! REVOLUTION'1 ( A P]IOD ( ULTIMATE HAPP9ESS :5 ALL ! PROBLEMS ?AT BESET HUMANITY WILL HAVE BE5 SOLV$1 P]MAN5TLY4 ,! #a#i?-C5TURY AN>*I/ PROPAG&A1 9 COMMON ) O!R V>IETIES ( SOCIALI/ PROPAG&A1 FREQU5TLY IMPLI$ ?IS1 BUT ,I HAVE SELDOM MET #b?-C5TURY AN>*I/S :O ADMITT$ TO ?IS SIMPLE FAI?4 ,AS = ! GREAT #b?-C5TURY TRAG$Y ( ! ,SOVIET ,UNION1 PROMIS+ E>?LY P>ADISE = FUTURE G5]ATIONS E>N$ BY TODAY'S SACRIFICE1 ! AN>*I/ 9QUE/ ON IT WAS WRITT5 AS LONG AGO AS #ahdg BY ,BAKUN9'S FRI5D1 ! ,RUSSIAN POPULI/ ,ALEX&] ,H]Z53 ,IF PROGRESS IS ! GOAL1 = :OM !N >E WE WORK+8 ,:O IS ?IS ,MOLO* :O1 AS ! TOIL]S APPROA* HIM1 9/EAD ( REW>D+ !M1 DRAWS BACK1 & AS A CONSOLATION TO ! EXHAU/$ MULTITUDES %\T+1 ',WE1 :O >E AB\T TO DIE1 SALUTE !E6'1 CAN ONLY GIVE ! MOCK+ ANSW] ?AT AFT] !IR DEA? ALL WILL BE BEAUTIFUL ON E>?4 ,DO Y\ REALLY WI% TO CONDEMN HUMAN BE+S ALIVE TODAY TO ! M]E SAD ROLE ( C>YATIDS SUPPORT+ A FLOOR = O!RS ONE DAY TO DANCE UPON8 ,( WRET*$ GALLEY SLAVES :O1 UP TO !IR KNEES 9 MUD1 DRAG A B>GE ) ! HUMBLE WORDS ',FUTURE ,PROGRESS' ON ITS FLAG8 ,A GOAL :I* IS 9F9ITELY REMOTE IS NOT A GOAL AT ALL1 IT IS A DECEPTION4 ,A GOAL MU/ BE CLOS] - AT ! V]Y LEA/ ! LABOR]'S WAGE OR PLEASURE 9 ! WORK P]=M$4 ,EA* EPO*1 EA* G5]ATION1 EA* LIFE HAS HAD1 & HAS1 ITS [N EXP]I5CE1 & 5 R\TE NEW DEM&S GR[1 NEW ME?ODS4 ,SOCIALISM 9 ! #b? C5TURY PROMIS$ 'JAM TOMORR[' SO REGUL>LY1 & ! PROMISE REMA9$ SO (T5 UNFULFILL$1 ?AT AS ,H]Z5 9SI/$1 NEW G5]ATIONS WILL HAVE TO EVOLVE !IR [N MORE IMM$IATE SOCIAL AIMS1 :I*1 ! AN>*I/S HOPE1 WILL BE /RUCTUR$ >\ND /YLES ( SOCIAL ORGANIZATION O!R ?AN ! MA*9]Y ( ! /ATE4 ,BUT BECAUSE IT IS FREQU5TLY SUGGE/$ ?AT AN>*ISM IS SIMPLY 9APPROPRIATE = ! SCALE ( MOD]N SOCIETY1 ! CONCEPT ( F$]ALISM IS VITAL = ANY ATTEMPT TO BUILD AN AN>*I/ !ORY ( ORGANIZATION4 ,AN>*I/ APPROA*ES TO F$]ALISM >E FULLY DISCUSS$ 9 ,*APT] #i4 ,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 ,*RONOLOGY 3 ,NOVEMB] #c1 #bc 3 ,*APT] #c -- ,PUBLICATION4 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3 HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/