,AN>*ISM3 ,COMMUNI/ OR ,9DIVIDUALI/8 ,BO? 

#aiad 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,MAX ,NETTLAU 

,TEXT 3 

  

,PHOTO BY TXMX #b1,C,C ,B,Y-,N,C-,N,D ,LIC5SE  
,AN>*ISM IS NO LONG] Y\NG1 & IT MAY BE TIME TO ASK \RSELVES :Y1 ) ALL ! 5]GY DEVOT$ TO ITS PROPAG&A1 IT DOES NOT SPREAD MORE RAPIDLY4 ,= EV5 :]E LOCAL ACTIVITY IS /RONGE/1 ! RESULTS >E LIMIT$1 :IL/ IMM5SE SPH]ES >E AS YET H>DLY T\*$ BY ANY PROPAG&A AT ALL4 ,9 DISCUSS+ ?IS QUE/ION1 ,I WILL NOT DEAL ) ! PROBLEM ( ,SYNDICALISM1 :I*1 BY ABSORB+ SO MU* ( ,AN>*I/ ACTIVITY & SYMPA?IES1 CANNOT BY ?AT V]Y FACT BE CONSID]$ TO ADVANCE ! CAUSE ( ,AN>*ISM PROP]1 :ATEV] ITS O!R M]ITS MAY BE4 ,I WILL ALSO TRY NOT TO REPEAT :AT ,I PUT =W>D 9 O!R >TICLES 9 YE>S GONE BY AS POSSIBLE MEANS ( 9CREAS+ ! ACTIVITY ( ,AN>*I/S4 ,AS MY ADVICE WAS NOT HE$$1 IT CANNOT1 9 ANY CASE1 BE CONSID]$ TO HAVE HAMP]$ ! PROGRESS ( \R IDEAS4 

,I WILL CONSID] ! !ORIES ( ,AN>*ISM ONLY2 & H]E ,I HAVE BE5 /RUCK = A LONG TIME BY ! CONTRA/ BETWE5 ! L>G5ESS ( ! AIMS ( ,AN>*ISM -- ! GREATE/ POSSIBLE REALIZATION ( FRE$OM & WELL-BE+ = ALL -- & ! N>R[NESS1 SO TO SPEAK1 ( ! ECONOMIC PROGRAM ( ,AN>*ISM1 BE IT ,9DIVIDUALI/ OR ,COMMUNI/4 ,I AM 9CL9$ TO ?9K ?AT ! FEEL+ ( ! 9ADEQUACY ( ?IS ECONOMIC BASIS -- EXCLUSIVE ,COMMUNISM OR EXCLUSIVE ,9DIVIDUALISM1 ACCORD+ TO ! S*OOL -- H9D]S PEOPLE FROM ACQUIR+ PRACTICAL CONFID5CE 9 ,AN>*ISM1 ! G5]AL AIMS ( :I* APPEAL AS A BEAUTIFUL IDEAL TO MANY4 ,I FEEL MYSELF ?AT NEI!R ,COMMUNISM NOR ,9DIVIDUALISM1 IF IT BECAME ! SOLE ECONOMIC =M1 W\LD REALIZE FRE$OM1 :I* ALWAYS DEM&S A *OICE ( WAYS1 A PLURALITY ( POSSIBILITIES4 ,I KN[ ?AT ,COMMUNI/S1 :5 ASK$ PO9T$LY1 WILL SAY ?AT !Y %\LD HAVE NO OBJECTION TO ,9DIVIDUALI/S :O WI%$ TO LIVE 9 !IR [N WAY )\T CREAT+ NEW MONOPOLIES OR AU?ORITY1 & VISE V]SA4 ,BUT ?IS IS SELDOM SAID 9 A REALLY OP5 & FRI5DLY WAY2 BO? SECTIONS >E F> TOO MU* CONV9C$ ?AT FRE$OM IS ONLY POSSIBLE IF !IR P>TICUL> S*EME IS C>RI$ \T4 ,I QUITE ADMIT ?AT !RE >E ,COMMUNI/S & ,9DIVIDUALI/S TO :OM !IR RESPECTIVE DOCTR9ES1 & !SE ALONE1 GIVE COMPLETE SATISFACTION & LEAVE NO PROBLEM UNSOLV$ 79 !IR OP9ION72 !SE W\LD NOT BE 9T]F]$ )1 9 ANY CASE1 9 !IR LIFELONG CON/ANCY TO ONE ECONOMIC IDEAL4 ,BUT !Y MU/ NOT IMAG9E ?AT ALL PEOPLE >E CON/ITUT$ AFT] !IR MODEL & LIKELY TO COME R\ND TO !IR VIEWS OR REMA9 0UNRECLAIM$0 ADV]S>IES ON :OM NO SYMPA?Y IS TO BE WA/$4 ,LET !M BUT LOOK ON REAL LIFE1 :I* IS BE>ABLE AT ALL ONLY BY BE+ V>I$ & DIFF]5TIAT$1 9 SPITE ( ALL (FICIAL UNI=MITY4 ,WE ALL SEE ! SURVIVALS ( E>LI] ,COMMUNISM1 ! MANIFOLD WORK+S ( PRES5T-DAY SOLID>ITY1 FROM :I* NEW =MS ( FUTURE ,COMMUNISM MAY DEVELOP -- ALL ?IS 9 ! TEE? ( ! CUT?ROAT CAPITALI/ ,9DIVIDUALISM :I* PR$OM9ATES4 ,BUT ?IS MIS]ABLE B\RGEOIS ,9DIVIDUALISM1 IF IT CREAT$ A DESIRE = SOLID>ITY1 LEAD+ TO ,COMMUNISM1 C]TA9LY ALSO CREAT$ A DESIRE = A G5U9E1 FREE1 UNSELFI% ,9DIVIDUALISM1 :]E FRE$OM ( ACTION W\LD NO LONG] BE MISUS$ TO CRU% ! WEAK] & TO =M MONOPOLIES1 AS TO-DAY4 

,NEI!R ,COMMUNISM NOR ,9DIVIDUALISM WILL EV] DISAPPE>2 & IF BY SOME MASS ACTION ! F\NDATIONS ( SOME R\< =M ( ,COMMUNISM W]E LAID1 ,9DIVIDUALISM W\LD GR[ /RONG] ?AN EV] 9 OPPOSITION TO ?IS4 ,:5EV] A UNI=M SY/EM PREVAILS1 ,AN>*I/S1 IF !Y HAVE !IR IDEAS AT HE>T1 WILL GO AHEAD ( IT & NEV] P]MIT !MSELVES TO BECOME FOSSILIZ$ UPHOLD]S ( A GIV5 SY/EM1 BE IT ?AT ( ! PURE/ ,COMMUNISM4 

,WILL !Y1 !N1 BE ALWAYS DISSATISFI$1 ALWAYS /RUGGL+1 NEV] 5JOY+ RE/8 ,!Y MI<T FEEL AT EASE 9 A /ATE ( SOCIETY :]E ALL ECONOMIC POSSIBILITIES HAD FULL SCOPE1 & !N !IR 5]GY MI<T BE APPLI$ TO PEACEFUL EMULATION & NO LONG] TO CONT9U\S /RUGGLE & DEMOLITION4 ,?IS DESIRABLE /ATE ( ?+S C\LD BE PREP>$ FROM N[1 IF IT W]E ONCE = ALL FRANKLY UND]/OOD AMONG ,AN>*I/S ?AT BO? ,COMMUNISM & ,9DIVIDUALISM >E EQUALLY IMPORTANT1 EQUALLY P]MAN5T2 & ?AT ! EXCLUSIVE PR$OM9ANCE ( EI!R ( !M W\LD BE ! GREATE/ MIS=TUNE ?AT C\LD BEFALL MANK9D4 ,FROM ISOLATION WE TAKE REFUGE 9 SOLID>ITY1 FROM TOO MU* SOCIETY WE SEEK RELIEF 9 ISOLATION3 BO? SOLID>ITY & ISOLATION >E1 EA* AT ! RI<T MOM5T1 FRE$OM & HELP TO US4 ,ALL HUMAN LIFE VIBRATES BETWE5 !SE TWO POLES 9 5DLESS V>IETIES ( OSCILLATIONS4 

,LET ME IMAG9E MYSELF = A MOM5T LIV+ 9 A FREE SOCIETY4 ,I %\LD C]TA9LY HAVE DIFF]5T OCCUPATIONS1 MANUAL & M5TAL1 REQUIR+ /R5G? OR SKILL4 ,IT W\LD BE V]Y MONOTON\S IF ! ?REE OR F\R GR\PS ) :OM ,I W\LD WORK 7= ,I HOPE !RE WILL BE NO ,SYNDICATES !N67 W\LD BE ORGANIZ$ ON EXACTLY ! SAME L9ES2 ,I RA!R ?9K ?AT DIFF]5T DEGREES OR =MS ( ,COMMUNISM WILL PREVAIL 9 !M4 ,BUT MI<T ,I NOT BECOME TIR$ ( ?IS1 & WI% = A SPELL ( RELATIVE ISOLATION1 ( ,9DIVIDUALISM8 ,SO ,I MI<T TURN TO ONE ( ! MANY POSSIBLE =MS ( 0EQUAL EX*ANGE0 ,9DIVIDUALISM4 ,P]HAPS PEOPLE WILL DO ONE ?+ :5 !Y >E Y\NG & ANO!R ?+ :5 !Y GR[ OLD]4 ,?OSE :O >E BUT 9DIFF]5T WORK]S MAY CONT9UE ) !IR GR\PS2 ?OSE :O >E EFFICI5T WILL LOSE PATI5CE AT ALWAYS WORK+ ) BEG9N]S & WILL GO AHEAD BY !MSELVES1 UNLESS A V]Y ALTRUI/ DISPOSITION MAKES IT A PLEASURE TO !M TO ACT AS TEA*]S OR ADVIS]S TO Y\NG] PEOPLE4 ,I ALSO ?9K ?AT AT ! BEG9N+ ,I %\LD ADOPT ,COMMUNISM ) FRI5DS & ,9DIVIDUALISM ) /RANG]S1 & %APE MY FUTURE LIFE ACCORD+ TO EXP]I5CE4 ,?US1 A FREE & EASY *ANGE FROM ONE V>IETY ( ,COMMUNISM TO ANO!R1 !NCE TO ANY V>IETY ( ,9DIVIDUALISM1 & SO ON1 W\LD BE ! MO/ OBVI\S & ELEM5T>Y ?+ 9 A REALLY FREE SOCIETY2 & IF ANY GR\P ( PEOPLE TRI$ TO *ECK ?IS1 TO MAKE ONE SY/EM PR$OM9ANT1 !Y W\LD BE AS BITT]LY F\<T AS REVOLUTIONI/S FI<T ! PRES5T SY/EM4 

,:Y1 !N1 WAS ,AN>*ISM CUT UP 9TO ! TWO HO/ILE SECTIONS ( ,COMMUNI/S & ,9DIVIDUALI/S8 ,I BELIEVE ! ORD9>Y FACTOR ( HUMAN %ORTCOM+S1 FROM :I* NOBODY IS EXEMPT1 ACC\NTS = ?IS4 ,IT IS QUITE NATURAL ?AT ,COMMUNISM %\LD APPEAL MORE TO SOME1 ,9DIVIDUALISM TO O!RS4 ,SO EA* SECTION W\LD WORK \T !IR ECONOMIC HYPO!SIS ) FULL >DOR & CONVICTION1 & BY-&-BY1 /R5G!N$ 9 !IR BELIEF BY OPPOSITION1 CONSID] IT ! ONLY SOLUTION1 & REMA9 FAI?FUL TO IT 9 ! FACE ( ALL4 ,H5CE ! ,9DIVIDUALI/ !ORIES = AB\T A C5TURY1 ! ,COLLECTIVI/ & ,COMMUNI/ !ORIES = AB\T FIFTY YE>S1 ACQUIR$ A DEGREE ( SETTL$NESS1 C]TITUDE1 APP>5T P]MAN5CY1 :I* !Y NEV] \<T TO HAVE ASSUM$1 = /AGNATION -- ?IS IS ! WORD -- IS ! DEA? ( PROGRESS4 ,H>DLY ANY EF=T WAS MADE 9 FAVOR ( DROPP+ ! DIFF]5CES ( S*OOLS2 ?US BO? HAD FULL FRE$OM TO GR[1 TO BECOME G5]ALIZ$1 IF !Y C\LD4 ,) :AT RESULT8 

,NEI!R ( !M C\LD VANQUI% ! O!R4 ,:]EV] ,COMMUNI/S >E1 ,9DIVIDUALI/S WILL ORIG9ATE FROM !IR V]Y MID/2 :IL/ NO ,9DIVIDUALI/ WAVE CAN OV]?R[ ! ,COMMUNI/ /RON<OLDS4 ,:IL/ H]E AV]SION OR 5MITY EXI/S BETWE5 PEOPLE :O >E SO NE> EA* O!R1 WE SEE ,COMMUNI/ ,AN>*ISM ALMO/ EFFAC+ ITSELF BE=E ,SYNDICALISM1 NO LONG] SCORN+ COMPROMISE BY ACCEPT+ MORE OR LESS ! ,SYNDICALI/ SOLUTION AS AN 9EVITABLE /EPP+-/ONE4 ,ON ! O!R H&1 WE SEE ,9DIVIDUALI/S ALMO/ RELAPSE 9TO B\RGEOIS FALLACIES -- ALL ?IS AT A TIME :5 ! MISDE$S ( AU?ORITY1 ! GR[? ( ,/ATE 5CROA*M5TS1 PRES5T A BETT] OCCASION & A WID] FIELD ?AN EV] = REAL & \TSPOK5 ,AN>*I/ PROPAG&A4 

,IT HAS COME TO ?IS1 ?AT AT ! ,FR5* ,COMMUNI/ ,AN>*I/ ,CONGRESS HELD 9 ,P>IS LA/ YE> ,9DIVIDUALISM WAS REGUL>LY /IGMATIZ$ & PLAC$ \TSIDE ! PALE ( ,AN>*ISM BY A =MAL RESOLUTION4 ,IF EV] AN 9T]NATIONAL ,AN>*I/ ,CONGRESS WAS HELD ON !SE L9ES1 5DORS+ A SIMIL> ATTITUDE1 ,I %\LD SAY GOOD-BYE TO ALL HOPES PLAC$ 9 ?IS K9D ( SECT>IAN ,AN>*ISM4 

,BY ?IS ,I 9T5D NEI!R TO DEF5D NOR TO COMBAT ,COMMUNISM OR ,9DIVIDUALISM4 ,P]SONALLY1 ,I SEE MU* GOOD 9 ,COMMUNISM2 BUT ! IDEA ( SEE+ IT G5]ALIZ$ MAKES ME PROTE/4 ,I %\LD NOT LIKE TO PL$GE MY [N FUTURE BE=EH&1 MU* LESS ?AT ( ANYBODY ELSE4 ,! ,QUE/ION REMA9S 5TIRELY OP5 = ME2 EXP]I5CE WILL %[ :I* ( ! EXTREME & ( ! MANY 9T]M$IATE POSSIBILITIES WILL BE ! BE/ ON EA* OCCASION1 AT EA* TIME4 ,AN>*ISM IS TOO DE> TO ME ?AT ,I %\LD C>E TO SEE IT TI$ TO AN ECONOMIC HYPO!SIS1 H[EV] PLAUSIBLE IT MAY LOOK TO-DAY4 ,UNIQUE SOLUTIONS WILL NEV] DO1 & :IL/ EV]YBODY IS FREE TO BELIEVE 9 & TO PROPAGATE HIS [N *]I%$ IDEAS1 HE \<T NOT TO FEEL IT RI<T TO SPREAD !M EXCEPT 9 ! =M ( ! M]E/ HYPO!SIS1 & EV]Y ONE KN[S ?AT ! LIT]ATURE ( ,COMMUNI/ & ,9DIVIDUALI/ ,AN>*ISM IS F> FROM KEEP+ )9 !SE LIMITS2 WE HAVE ALL S9N$ 9 ?IS RESPECT4 

,9 ! ABOVE ,I HAVE US$ ! T]MS 0,COMMUNI/0 & 0,9DIVIDUALI/0 9 A G5]AL WAY1 WI%+ TO %[ ! USELESS & DISA/R\S *>ACT] ( SECTIONAL EXCLUSIV5ESS AMONG ,AN>*I/S4 ,IF ANY ,9DIVIDUALI/S HAVE SAID OR DONE ABSURD ?+S 7>E ,COMMUNI/S IMPECCABLE871 TO %[ !SE UP W\LD NOT MEAN TO REFUTE ME4 ,ALL ,I WANT IS TO SEE ALL ?OSE :O REVOLT AGA9/ AU?ORITY WORK ON L9ES ( G5]AL SOLID>ITY 9/EAD ( BE+ DIVID$ 9TO LITTLE *APELS BECAUSE EA* ONE IS CONV9C$ HE POSSESSES A CORRECT ECONOMIC SOLUTION ( ! SOCIAL PROBLEM4 ,TO FI<T AU?ORITY 9 ! CAPITALI/ SY/EM & 9 ! COM+ SY/EM ( ,/ATE ,SOCIALISM1 OR ,SYNDICALISM1 OR ( BO?1 OR ALL ! ?REE COMB9$1 AN IMM5SE WAVE ( REAL ,AN>*I/ FEEL+ IS WANT$1 BE=E EV] ! QUE/ION ( ECONOMIC REM$IES COMES 94 ,ONLY RECOGNIZE ?IS1 & A L>GE SPH]E ( SOLID>ITY WILL BE CREAT$1 :I* WILL MAKE ,COMMUNI/ ,AN>*ISM /& /RONG] & %9E BRI<T] BE=E ! WORLD ?AN IT DOES N[4 

"9 "9 "9 

,P4 ,S4 -- ,S9CE WRIT+ ! ABOVE ,I HAVE F\ND AN E>LY ,FR5* ,AN>*I/ PAMPHLET1 FROM :I* ,I TRANSLATE ! FOLL[+3 

0,?US1 ?OSE :O FEEL SO 9CL9$ WILL UNITE = COMMON LIFE1 DUTIES1 & WORK1 :IL/ ?OSE TO :OM ! SLI<TE/ ACT ( SUBMISSION W\LD GIVE UMBRAGE WILL REMA9 9DIVIDUALLY 9DEP5D5T4 ,! REAL PR9CIPLE .<( ,AN>*ISM.> IS ?IS F> FROM DEM&+ 9TEGRAL ,COMMUNISM4 ,BUT IT IS EVID5T ?AT = ! B5EFIT ( C]TA9 K9DS ( WORK MANY PRODUC]S WILL UNITE1 5JOY+ ! ADVANTAGES ( COOP]ATION4 ,BUT ,I SAY ONCE MORE1 ,COMMUNISM WILL NEV] BE A FUNDAM5TAL .<MEAN+ UNIQUE & OBLIGATORY.> PR9CIPLE1 ON ACC\NT ( ! DIV]SITY ( \R 9TELLECTUAL FACULTIES1 ( \R NE$S1 & ( \R WILL40 

,?IS QUOTATION 7! WORDS 9 BRACKETS >E M9E7 IS TAK5 FROM P4 #gb ( :AT MAY BE ONE ( ! SC>CE/ ,AN>*I/ PUBLICATIONS1 ON :I* MY EYE LIT ON A BOOK/ALL T5 DAYS AFT] WRIT+ ! ABOVE >TICLE3 0,PHILOSOPHIE DE L'LNS\MISSION \ ,P>DON A ,CA910 P> ,FELIX ,P4 7,NEW ,YORK1 #a#h#e#d1 IV4 #gd PP41 #a#bMO7 -- ?AT IS1 0,PHILOSOPHY ( ,NON-,SUBMISSION10 ! AU?OR'S T]M = ,AN>*Y4 ,I DO NOT KN[ :O ,FELIX ,P4 WAS2 APP>5TLY ONE ( ! FEW ,FR5* ,SOCIALI/S1 LIKE ,DEJACQUE1 ,BELLEG>RIGUE1 ,COEURD]OY1 & ,CLAUDE ,PELLETI]1 :OM ! LESSONS ( #ahdh & O!R EXP]I5CES CAUS$ TO MAKE A BOLD /EP =W>D & >RIVE AT ,AN>*ISM BY V>I\S WAYS & 9DEP5D5T ( ,PR\DHON4 ,9 ! PASSAGE QUOT$ HE PUT ?+S 9TO A NUT%ELL1 LEAV+ AN EV5 BALANCE BETWE5 ! CLAIMS ( ,COMMUNISM & ,9DIVIDUALISM4 ,?IS IS EXACTLY :AT ,I FEEL 9 #a#i#a#d1 SIXTY YE>S AFT]4 ,! P]SONAL PR$ILECTIONS ( EV]YBODY W\LD REMA9 UN*ANG$ & UNHURT1 BUT EXCLUSIVISM W\LD BE BANI%$1 ! TWO VITAL PR9CIPLES ( LIFE ALLI$ 9/EAD ( LOOK+ ASKANCE AT EA* O!R4 

,AU?ORITY & ORD9>Y SELFI%NESS >E F> TOO P[]FUL & COMMON 5EMIES TO ALL ( US ?AT WE CAN AF=D TO WA/E 5]GY ON 9T]NAL /RUGGLES :I*1 BY E/ABLI%+ DOGMATISM1 W\LD SAP ! V]Y ROOTS ( ,AN>*ISM4 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #aiac 3 ,AN>*ISM3 ,COMMUNI/ OR ,9DIVIDUALI/8 ,BO? -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,JULY #a#g1 #bai 3 ,AN>*ISM3 ,COMMUNI/ OR ,9DIVIDUALI/8 ,BO? -- ,ADD$4 
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