,SECTION #a 

#ahihahih 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,PET] ,KROPOTK9 

,TEXT 3 

  

,PHOTO BY ,T$ ,SW$5BURG1,C,C ,B,Y-,N,C ,LIC5SE ,! HI/ORY ( HUMAN ?\<T RECALLS ! SW++ ( A P5DULUM :I* TAKES C5TURIES TO SW+4 ,AFT] A LONG P]IOD ( SLUMB] COMES A MOM5T ( AWAK5+4 ,!N ?\<T FREES H]SELF FROM ! *A9S ) :I* ?OSE 9T]E/$--RUL]S1 LAWY]S1 CL]ICS--HAVE C>EFULLY 5W\ND H]4 

,%E %ATT]S ! *A9S4 ,%E SUBJECTS TO SEV]E CRITICISM ALL ?AT HAS BE5 TAU<T H]1 & LAYS B>E ! EMPT9ESS ( ! RELIGI\S POLITICAL1 LEGAL1 & SOCIAL PREJUDICES AMID :I* %E HAS VEGETAT$4 ,%E />TS RESE>* 9 NEW PA?S1 5RI*ES \R KN[L$GE ) NEW DISCOV]IES1 CREATES NEW SCI5CES4 

,BUT ! 9VET]ATE 5EMIES ( ?\<T--! GOV]NM5T1 ! LAWGIV]1 & ! PRIE/--SOON RECOV] FROM !IR DEFEAT4 ,BY DEGREES !Y GA!R TOGE!R !IR SCATT]$ =CES1 & REMODEL !IR FAI? & !IR CODE ( LAWS TO ADAPT !M TO ! NEW NE$S4 ,!N1 PR(IT+ BY ! S]VILITY ( ?\<T & ( *>ACT]1 :I* !Y !MSELVES HAVE SO EFFECTUALLY CULTIVAT$2 PR(IT+1 TOO1 BY ! MOM5T>Y DISORGANIZATION ( SOCIETY1 TAK+ ADVANTAGE ( ! LAZ9ESS ( SOME1 ! GRE$ ( O!RS1 ! BE/ HOPES ( MANY1 !Y S(TLY CREEP BACK TO !IR WORK BY FIR/ ( ALL TAK+ POSSESSION ( *ILDHOOD ?R\< $UCATION4 

,A *ILD'S SPIRIT IS WEAK4 ,IT IS SO EASY TO CO]CE IT BY FE>4 ,?IS !Y DO4 ,!Y MAKE ! *ILD TIMID1 & !N !Y TALK TO HIM ( ! TORM5TS ( HELL4 ,!Y CONJURE UP BE=E HIM ! SUFF]+S ( ! CONDEMN$1 ! V5GEANCE ( AN IMPLACABLE GOD4 ,! NEXT M9UTE !Y WILL BE *ATT]+ ( ! HORRORS ( REVOLUTION1 & US+ SOME EXCESS ( ! REVOLUTIONI/S TO MAKE ! *ILD 0A FRI5D ( ORD]40 ,! PRIE/ ACCU/OMS ! *ILD TO ! IDEA ( LAW1 TO MAKE IT OBEY BETT] :AT HE CALLS ! 0DIV9E LAW10 & ! LAWY] PRATES ( DIV9E LAW1 ?AT ! CIVIL LAW MAY BE ! BETT] OBEY$4 

,& BY ?AT HABIT ( SUBMISSION1 ) :I* WE >E ONLY TOO FAMILI>1 ! ?\<T ( ! NEXT G5]ATION RETA9S ?IS RELIGI\S TWI/1 :I* IS AT ONCE S]VILE & AU?ORITATIVE2 = AU?ORITY & S]VILITY WALK EV] H& 9 H&4 

,DUR+ !SE SLUMB]\S 9T]LUDES1 MORALS >E R>ELY DISCUSS$4 ,RELIGI\S PRACTICES & JUDICIAL HYPOCRISY TAKE !IR PLACE4 ,PEOPLE DO NOT CRITICIZE1 !Y LET !MSELVES BE DRAWN BY HABIT1 OR 9DIFF]5CE4 ,!Y DO NOT PUT !MSELVES \T = OR AGA9/ ! E/ABLI%$ MORALITY4 ,!Y DO !IR BE/ TO MAKE !IR ACTIONS APPE> TO ACCORD ) !IR .-PR(ESSIONS.-4 

,ALL ?AT WAS GOOD1 GREAT1 G5]\S OR 9DEP5D5T 9 MAN1 LITTLE BY LITTLE BECOMES MOSS-GR[N2 RU/S LIKE A DISUS$ KNIFE4 ,A LIE BECOMES A VIRTUE1 A PLATITUDE A DUTY4 ,TO 5RI* ONESELF1 TO SEIZE ONE'S OPPORTUNITIES1 TO EXHAU/ ONE'S 9TELLIG5CE1 ZEAL & 5]GY1 NO MATT] H[1 BECOME ! WAT*WORDS ( ! COM=TABLE CLASSES1 AS WELL AS ( ! CR[D ( POOR FOLK :OSE IDEAL IS TO APPE> B\RGEOIS4 ,!N ! DEGRADATION ( ! RUL] & ( ! JUDGE1 ( ! CL]GY & ( ! MORE OR LESS COM=TABLE CLASSES BECOMES SO REVOLT+ ?AT ! P5DULUM BEG9S TO SW+ ! O!R WAY4 

,LITTLE BY LITTLE1 Y\? FREES ITSELF4 ,IT FL+S OV]BO>D ITS PREJUDICES1 & IT BEG9S TO CRITICIZE4 ,?\<T REAWAK5S1 AT FIR/ AMONG ! FEW3 BUT 9S5SIBLY ! AWAK5+ REA*ES ! MAJORITY4 ,! IMPULSE IS GIV51 ! REVOLUTION FOLL[S4 

,& EA* TIME ! QUE/ION ( MORALITY COMES UP AGA94 0,:Y %\LD ,I FOLL[ ! PR9CIPLES ( ?IS HYPOCRITICAL MORALITY80 ASKS ! BRA91 RELEAS$ FROM RELIGI\S T]RORS4 0,:Y %\LD ANY MORALITY BE OBLIGATORY80 

,!N PEOPLE TRY TO ACC\NT = ! MORAL S5TIM5T ?AT !Y MEET AT EV]Y TURN )\T HAV+ EXPLA9$ IT TO !MSELVES4 ,& !Y WILL NEV] EXPLA9 IT SO LONG AS !Y BELIEVE IT A PRIVILEGE ( HUMAN NATURE1 SO LONG AS !Y DO NOT DESC5D TO ANIMALS1 PLANTS & ROCKS TO UND]/& IT4 ,!Y SEEK ! ANSW]1 H[EV]1 9 ! SCI5CE ( ! H\R4 

,&1 IF WE MAY V5TURE TO SAY SO1 ! MORE ! BASIS ( CONV5TIONAL MORALITY1 OR RA!R ( ! HYPOCRISY ?AT FILLS ITS PLACE IS SAPP$1 ! MORE ! MORAL PLANE ( SOCIETY IS RAIS$4 ,IT IS ABOVE ALL AT SU* TIMES1 PRECISELY :5 FOLKS >E CRITICIZ+ & D5Y+ IT1 ?AT MORAL S5TIM5T MAKES ! MO/ PROGRESS4 ,IT IS !N ?AT IT GR[S1 ?AT IT IS RAIS$ & REF9$4 

,YE>S AGO ! Y\? ( ,RUSSIA W]E PASSIONATELY AGITAT$ BY ?IS V]Y QUE/ION4 0,I WILL BE IMMORAL60 A Y\NG NIHILI/ CAME & SAID TO HIS FRI5D1 ?US TRANSLAT+ 9TO ACTION ! ?\<TS ?AT GAVE HIM NO RE/4 0,I WILL BE IMMORAL1 & :Y %\LD ,I NOT8 ,BECAUSE ! ,BIBLE WILLS IT8 ,BUT ! ,BIBLE IS ONLY A COLLECTION ( ,BABYLONIAN & ,HEBREW TRADITIONS1 TRADITIONS COLLECT$ & PUT TOGE!R LIKE ! ,HOM]IC POEMS1 OR AS IS BE+ DONE /ILL ) ,BASQUE POEMS & ,MONGOLIAN LEG5DS4 ,MU/ ,I !N GO BACK TO ! /ATE ( M9D ( ! HALF-CIVILIZ$ PEOPLES ( ! ,EA/8 

0,MU/ ,I BE MORAL BECAUSE ,KANT TELLS ME ( A CATEGORIC IMP]ATIVE1 ( A MY/]I\S COMM& :I* COMES TO ME FROM ! DEP?S ( MY [N BE+ & BIDS ME BE MORAL8 ,BUT :Y %\LD ?IS ^*CATEGORIC IMP]ATIVE' EX]CISE A GREAT] AU?ORITY OV] MY ACTIONS ?AN ?AT O!R IMP]ATIVE1 :I* AT TIMES MAY COMM& ME TO GET DRUNK4 ,A WORD1 NO?+ BUT A WORD1 LIKE ! WORDS ^*,PROVID5CE1' OR ^*,DE/9Y1' 9V5T$ TO CONCEAL \R IGNORANCE4 

0,OR P]HAPS ,I AM TO BE MORAL TO OBLIGE ,B5?AM1 :O WANTS ME TO BELIEVE ?AT ,I %ALL BE HAPPI] IF ,I DR[N TO SAVE A PASS]BY :O HAS FALL5 9TO ! RIV] ?AN IF ,I WAT*$ HIM DR[N8 

0,OR P]HAPS BECAUSE SU* HAS BE5 MY $UCATION8 ,BECAUSE MY MO!R TAU<T ME MORALITY8 ,%ALL ,I !N GO & KNEEL D[N 9 A *UR*1 HONOR ! ,QUE51 B[ BE=E ! JUDGE ,I KN[ = A SC\NDREL1 SIMPLY BECAUSE \R MO!RS1 \R GOOD IGNORANT MO!RS1 HAVE TAU<T US SU* A PACK ( NONS5SE8 

0,I AM PREJUDIC$1--LIKE EV]YONE ELSE4 ,I WILL TRY TO RID MYSELF ( PREJUDICE6 ,EV5 ?\< IMMORALITY BE DI/A/EFUL1 ,I WILL YET =CE MYSELF TO BE IMMORAL1 AS :5 ,I WAS A BOY ,I =C$ MYSELF TO GIVE UP FE>+ ! D>K1 ! *UR*Y>D1 <O/S & DEAD PEOPLE--ALL ( :I* ,I HAD BE5 TAU<T TO FE>4 

0,IT WILL BE IMMORAL TO SNAP A WEAPON ABUS$ BY RELIGION2 ,I WILL DO IT1 W]E IT ONLY TO PROTECT AGA9/ ! HYPOCRISY IMPOS$ ON US 9 ! NAME ( A WORD TO :I* ! NAME MORALITY HAS BE5 GIV560 

,SU* WAS ! WAY 9 :I* ! Y\? ( ,RUSSIA REASON$ :5 !Y BROKE ) OLD-WORLD PREJUDICES1 & UNFURL$ ?IS BANN] ( NIHILI/ OR RA!R ( AN>*I/ PHILOSOPHY3 TO B5D ! KNEE TO NO AU?ORITY :ATSOEV]1 H[EV] RESPECT$2 TO ACCEPT NO PR9CIPLE SO LONG AS IT IS UNE/ABLI%$ BY REASON4 

,NE$ WE ADD1 ?AT AFT] PIT*+ 9TO ! WA/E-PAP] BASKET ! TEA*+S ( !IR FA!RS1 & BURN+ ALL SY/EMS ( MORALITY1 ! NIHILI/ Y\? DEVELOP$ 9 !IR MID/ A NUCLEUS ( MORAL CU/OMS1 9F9ITELY SUP]IOR TO ANY?+ ?AT !IR FA!RS HAD PRACTIC$ UND] ! CONTROL ( ! 0,GOSPEL10 ( ! 0,CONSCI5CE10 ( ! 0,CATEGORIC ,IMP]ATIVE10 OR ( ! 0,RECOGNIZ$ ,ADVANTAGE0 ( ! UTILIT>IAN4 ,BUT BE=E ANSW]+ ! QUE/ION1 0,:Y AM ,I TO BE MORAL80 LET US SEE IF ! QUE/ION IS WELL PUT2 LET US ANALYZE ! MOTIVES ( HUMAN ACTION4 

,FROM 3 ,AN>*Y ,>*IVES4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #ahig 3 ,SECTION #a -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,JANU>Y #a#d1 #bag 3 ,SECTION #a -- ,ADD$4 

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