,*APT] #a 
,AN>*I/ ,!ORY 

#bahbah 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,DAVID ,VAN ,DEUS5 

,TEXT 3 

,*APT] ,I3 ,AN>*I/ ,!ORY 

  
,EM]G5CE ( ,! ,BLACK ,BLOC @& ,! ,MOVEM5T ,T[>DS ,AN>*ISM 7#b#a7 

  

 ,N,E,F,A,C MEMB]S @& ,BLACK ,BLOC P>TICIPANTS AT ! FIR/ ,GEORGE ,W ,BU% 9AUGURATION1 ,WA%+TON ,D,C #b  

0,GET ,BUSY ,LIV+1 ,OR ,GET ,BUSY ,DY+60 

--,! ,K+S ( ,NU?91 ,BO/ON1 ,MASSA*USETTS 

,! ,PEOPLES' ,REPUBLIC ( ,V]MONT1 ,M>* #b#a- ,S9CE ! ,BATTLE ( ,SEATTLE1 ! ,NOR? ,AM]ICAN LEFT1 & SPECIFICALLY ! SMALL] YET GR[+ REVOLUTION>Y AN>*I/ MOVEM5T1 HAS BE5 9VIGORAT$ AT LEA/ AS MU* AS IT HAS BECOME A COMMON REALITY 9 ! CONSCI\SNESS ( ! PUBLIC4 .<#a.> ,?IS HAS NOT OCCURR$ 9 A VACUUM4 ,NOR HAS ?IS HAPP5$ DUE TO A SIMPLE1 QUANTIFIABLE REASON4 ,! REASONS >E AS MU* DIV]SE & SUBJECTIVE AS !Y >E OBJECTIVE & EMPIRICAL4 

,ONE FACET ( ?IS MOVEM5T 7SPECIFICALLY ( ! REVOLUTION>Y AN>*I/ MOVEM5T7 IS 5CAPSULAT$ & ADVANC$ BY ! MILITANT ACTIONS ( A GR\P COMMONLY REF]R$ TO AS ! ,BLACK ,BLOC4 ,?IS 9=MAL GR\P+ HAS ACT$ AS A NECESS>Y RADICAL ACTION W+ ( ! L>G] SOCIAL PROTE/ MOVEM5T4 ,:]E LIB]AL 9CL9ATIONS HAVE ?REAT5$ TO /IFLE L>GE DEMON/RATIONS UND] A BLANKET ( ACCEPTABILITY1 PR$ICTABILITY & BOR$OM1 ?IS CONT+5T--NUMB]+ ANY:]E FROM LESS ?AN #a TO OV] #a 9 A TYPICAL ,BLOC--HAS =C$ A CREATIVE UNLEA%+ ( POPUL> 9SURRECTION>Y S5TIM5T4 

,! FOLL[+ ESSAY IS PRIM>ILY CONC]N$ ) ! ,BLACK ,BLOC4 ,H[EV]1 9 ORD] TO MORE ACCURATELY DISCUSS ?IS FACTION1 IT WILL BE NECESS>Y TO PA9T A PICTURE ( ! L>G] CONTEMPOR>Y FRAMEWORK )9 & AGA9/ :I* IT OP]ATES4 ,T[>DS ?IS 5D ?IS WORK WILL BE DIVID$ 9TO ?REE SECTIONS4 ,! FIR/ WILL DEAL DIRECTLY ) ! ,BLACK ,BLOC2 ITS HI/ORICAL ROOTS1 AS WELL AS ! TACTICS IT COMMONLY EMPLOYS4 ,! SECOND SECTION WILL DISCUSS ! SOCIAL1 POLITICAL1 PSY*OLOGICAL & ECONOMIC MACROCOSM 9 :I* ! PRES5T MOVEM5T IS SITUAT$4 ,! F9AL SECTION WILL DISCUSS ! SMALL] SOCIAL CONTEXT 9 :I* ! REVOLUTION>Y AN>*I/ MOVEM5T AS WELL AS ! ,BLACK ,BLOC DIRECTLY EXI/S4 

,IT IS ! 9T5TION ( ?IS ESSAY TO PROVIDE A HI/ORICAL1 !ORETICAL & PRACTICAL BASE FROM :I* A MORE GR\ND$ UND]/&+ ( ! ,BLACK ,BLOC1 AS WELL AS ! REVOLUTION>Y AN>*I/ MOVEM5T G5]ALLY CAN EM]GE4 ,SU* A GR\ND+ CAN & WILL ONLY LEAD TO A MORE MATURE DISCUSSION & DEVELOPM5T ( AN>*I/ PRAXIS & REVOLUTION>Y PROGRESS4 ,IT IS ) ?IS 9 M9D ?AT ,I H]E TURN T[>DS SECTION ONE4 

,SECTION ,I 

,! ,EM]G5CE ( ,! ,BLACK ,BLOC3 

,HI/ORY1 ,TACTICS & ,G5]AL ,CON/ITU5CY 

0,I WE> ! BLACK = ! POOR & ! BEAT5 D[N1 

,LIV9' 9 ! HOPELESS1 HUNGRY SIDE ( T[N1 

,I WE> IT = ! PRISON] :O HAS LONG PAID = HIS CRIME1 

,BUT IS !RE BECAUSE HE'S A VICTIM ( ! TIMES40 

--,JOHNNY ,CA%1 ,MAN ,9 ,BLACK 

,! ,BLACK ,BLOC CAN TRACE ITS HI/ORICAL ROOTS ALL ! WAY BACK TO :5 & :]EV] PEOPLE COMPRIS+ AN OPPRESS$ CLASS OR GR\P MILITANTLY ROSE UP AGA9/ !IR OPPRESSORS4 ,ELEM5TS ( ! P>TICUL> TACTICS ( ! ,BLOC W]E PREVI\SLY UTILIZ$ BY ! ,WEA!R FACTION ( ,/UD5TS = A ,DEMOCRATIC ,SOCIETY 7! ,S,D,S7 9 ,NOR? ,AM]ICA DUR+ ! 0,DAYS ( ,RAGE0 9 #a#i#f#i4.<#b.> ,SPECIFICALLY1 ! ,BLOC'S TACTICAL ES!TIC & MORE REF9$ ME?ODS ( /ATE CONFRONTATION FIR/ BEGAN TO CONCRETELY EM]GE 9 ! #a#i#hS ,AUTONOME MOVEM5T 9 ,G]MANY4 ,!RE1 ! S]I\SNESS ( ! ANTI-NUCLE> MOVEM5T AS WELL AS ! DEM&S ( ! CONT9U+ AN>*I/_/ANTI-FASCI/ MOVEM5T REQUIR$ ?AT MASS PROTE/S BE BR\<T TO A HI<] LEVEL ( MILITANCY & ANONYMITY4 ,H5CE1 RADICAL COLLECTIVES--(T5 FROM )9 ! AN>*O-PUNK SC5E & TYPICALLY ( WORK+ CLASS COMPOSITION--BEGAN TO URGE !IR MEMB]S & SOCIAL MILITANTS G5]ALLY TO ASSEMBLE AT DEMON/RATIONS DONN+ UNI=M BLACK CLO!S 7) MASKS71 & TO M>* AS A S+LE PROTE/ CONT+5T 7AMONG MANY O!RS74 ,) !IR ID5TITIES EFFECTIVELY HIDD5 9 TEMPOR>Y UNI=MITY1 !Y W]E ABLE TO MORE SUCCESSFULLY PU% PROTE/ ACTIONS 9 MORE MILITANT DIRECTIONS :ILE PROTECT+ !MSELVES FROM BE+ S+L$ \T = DIRECT /ATE OPPRESSION OR LAT] LEGAL *>GES OR BO?4 ,?IS PROCESS MATUR$ TO ! PO9T :]E ! EM]G+ ,BLACK ,BLOC BEGAN TO DEVELOP BETT] SELF-DEF5SE & MILITANT TACTICS4 ,IT MU/ BE UND]/OOD ?AT ?IS =MATION WAS NOT ! BIR? ( A =MAL1 OR RA!R CONT9U\S ORGANIZATION4 ,IT SIMPLY ACT$ AS A TEMPOR>Y COHESIVE GR\P+ ) ! IMM$IATE GOAL ( CREAT+ A TEMPORALLY CONT+5T /REET FI<T+ =CE1 :I* 9 PRACTICE W\LD DISSOLVE ) ! CONCLUSION ( ! ACTION AT H&4 ,?IS IS NOT TO SAY ?AT ! SOLE FOCUS ( !SE 9CLUD$ P]SONS &_/OR COLLECTIVES REVOLV$ >\ND SU* ACTION4 ,ON ! CONTR>Y1 ?OSE MAK+ UP ! ,BLOC COMMONLY W]E ROOT$ 9 ! SOCIAL & POLITICAL ORGANIZATIONS & PROJECTS :I* ! SPECIFICS ( !IR LOCAL COMMUNITY DEM&$4 ,!Y HAD !IR ROOTS4.<#c.> ,9 ADDITION1 ! MILITANCY & SUBSEQU5T ACTIONS ( ! ,BLACK ,BLOC MU/ ALSO BE UND]/OOD AS ! EMBODIM5T ( A C]TA9 MEANS ( /RUGGLE AMONG MANY O!RS1 A MEANS :I* >E BO? LEGITIMATE & EFFECTIVE4.<#d.> 

,AS A ,BLACK ,BLOC1 ?IS GR\P+ WAS AN ALLIANCE ( 9DEP5D5T P]SONS &_/OR AFF9ITY GR\PS4 ,COLLECTIVELY1 ! ,BLOC ACT$ BY DIRECTLY DEMOCRATIC MEANS :5EV] POSSIBLE1 & BY 9T]NAL AFF9ITY GR\P CONS5SUS :5 SITUATIONS DEM&$4 ,O!R ?AN ?AT1 ! GR\P+ CONSCI5TI\SLY LACK$ ANY =MAL /RUCTURE OR AU?ORIT>IAN HI]>*Y4 

,TYPICALLY1 ! ,BLOC TOOK POSITIONS AT ! FRONT1 RE>1 OR P]IMET]S ( ! PROTE/ M>* 9 ORD] TO PROVIDE A /RONG DEF5SIVE PRES5CE AT NORMALLY VULN]ABLE PO9TS4 ,9 ?IS WAY1 ! POLICE W]E PREV5T$ FROM DISRUPT+ ! MOVEM5T ( ! DEMON/RATION )\T FIR/ HAV+ TO SUBDUE A HI<LY MILITANT1 D$ICAT$1 & PREP>$ SECTION ( ! PROTE/4 ,9 ORD] TO /R5G!N ITS CAPACITY TO A*IEVE !SE TACTICAL OBJECTIVES1 ! ,BLOC BEGAN TO C>RY METAL PIPES1 WOOD5 CLUBS1 & DON PROTECTIVE PADD+ & HELMETS4 ,9 ADDITION1 O!R TACTICAL DEVELOPM5TS 9CLUD$ ! USE ( L>GE CONT9U\S BANN]S1 POLES1 OR ROPES L9+ ! P]IMET]S ( ?IS REGIM5T4 ,! PURPOSE ( !SE TOOLS WAS TO MAKE IT MORE DIFFICULT = ! POLICE TO S+LE \T 9DIVIDUALS = >RE/4 ,! COPS W\LD HAVE TO PASS ?R\< A COLLECTIVELY HELD B>RI]1 :ILE SIMULTANE\SLY CONT5D+ ) BL[S FROM CLUBS 9 ORD] TO C>RY \T >RE/S4 

,MORE ?AN ACT+ AS %OCK TROOPS1 OR DEF5SIVE UNITS )9 ! L>G] PROTE/ CONT+5T1 ! ,BLOC BEGAN TO TAKE ON AN (F5SIVE ROLE REG>D+ ! CONSCI\S DE/RUCTION ( CAPITALI/ PRIVATE PROP]TY4 ,H]E1 AFF9ITY GR\PS )9 ! ,BLOC W\LD FACILITATE ! SMA%+ ( W9D[S1 SPRAY PA9T+ ( REVOLUTION>Y MESSAGES1 & TRA%+ ( POLICE &_/OR MILIT>Y VEHICLES4 ,( C\RSE1 ALL SU* ACTIVITY WAS CLE>LY DIRECT$ AGA9/ CAPITALI/ T>GETS4 ,DESPITE ! 9ACCURATE ASS]TIONS ( ! CORPORATE M$IA1 >BITR>Y V&ALISM NEV] WAS1 NOR IS1 ! GOAL OR PRACTICE ( ! ,BLACK ,BLOC4 

,ANO!R FUNCTION ( ! ,BLACK ,BLOC IS TO PU% ! PROTE/ AT H& T[>DS A MORE MILITANT & SOCIALLY COMPREH5SIVE DIRECTION4 ,L>GELY ?IS WAS A*IEV$ BY ! ,BLOC POSITION+ ITSELF AT ! =EFRONT ( ! DEMON/RATION & SUBSEQU5TLY =C+ AN ESCALATION BETWE5 ! /ATE =CES & ! PROTE/]S4 ,SIMPLY BY RESI/+ >RE/1 REFUS+ TO REMA9 ON SANCTION$ P>ADE R\TES1 *ALL5G+ POLICE B>RICADES1 & BY ACTIVELY DIRECT+ ITS ANG] AT CORPORATE T>GETS1 ! ,BLOC 5SUR$ ?AT SU* AN ESCALATION W\LD 5SUE4 

,! PURPOSE ( SU* ESCALATION 9 P>T LIES 9 ! BELIEF ?AT SU* CONFLICT NECESS>ILY RESULTS 9 ! UNMASK+ ( ! BRUTAL NATURE ( ! /ATE4 ,! SUBSEQU5T BRUTALITY ( ! OPPOS+ POLICE_/MILIT>Y =CE IS REVEAL$4 ,! IDEA IS ?AT BY %[+ ! L>G] POPULATION ! VIOL5T MEANS BY :I* ! /ATUS QUO IS MA9TA9$1 A SIGNIFICANT NUMB] ( PEOPLE WILL BECOME FUR!R RADICALIZ$ BY ?IS PHYSICAL & VISUAL DEMON/RATION ( ! NATURE ( ! ,/ATE4 ,ESCALATION ALSO HAS A DESIR$ EFFECT ( =C+ AN ACTION TO TRANSC5D ITS (T5 LIB]AL UND]P9N+S & BECOME AN ACTUAL EXAMPLE ( CONTEXTUALLY CONDITION$ REVOLT4 ,DIRECT ACTION EXP&S PA/ ! CONF9ES ( SIMPLE SYMBOLISM & !N DELVES 9TO ! V]Y REAL T]RITORY ( SUBJECTIVE & OBJECTIVE REVOLUTION>Y 9SURRECTION4 ,! DEMON/RATION H]E BEG9S TO ASSUME ITS [N ID5TITY FREE ( ! SOCIAL SPECTACLE ( ! COMMODIFI$-CONSUM] CULTURE1 & BEG9S TO MOVE 9 A MORE FLUID1 SELF-DEF9+ MANN]4 ,! ROLE ( ! DEMON/RATION AS A SOCIAL PRESSURE VALVE1 BO? IMPOT5T & NON-REVOLUTION>Y1 BEG9S TO BE 9V]T$ 9TO AN ACTUAL EXPRESSION ( SOCIAL UNRE/4 ,9 ?IS REG>DS1 SPONTANEITY1 VIA MILITANCY & VIOL5CE1 BECOMES AN ACTUAL EXPRESSION ( ! MASS ACTION4 ,H5CE1 ! ACTION BECOMES A FREE MEANS BY :I* NATURAL HUMAN ID5TITY IS DEMON/RAT$ ?R\< ITS BASIC REJECTION ( SUBJUGATION1 AU?ORITY1 CAPITALISM1 & /ATUS QUO4 

,?IS ELEM5T ( SOCIAL CLA% IS NECESS>Y BY WAY ?AT IT ALL[S ! OPPRESS$ & ALI5AT$ P]SON A REAL EXP]I5CE BY :I* ONE'S P5T UP & %EEP-LIKE ID5TITY & BOR$OM IS %ATT]$ 9 A SITUATION ( REVOLT4 ,H]E ! P]SON BEG9S TO FEEL ! FUTURE REALITY ?AT ! /REETS & ! CITY1 AS A BASIC CREATION ( ! WORK]1 TRULY DO BELONG TO !M4 ,H]E1 POSSIBILITIES ( FULL REVOLT & VICTORY >E CRY/ALLIZ$ ?R\< ! ADR5AL9 ( CONFLICT4 ,9 %ORT1 ?IS CONFLICT IS GOOD 9 ?AT IT ALL[S ONE'S M9D TO UND]/& REAL PHYSICAL /RUGGLE1 :ILE ALSO ALL[+ ONE TO FEEL1 IF ONLY SLI<TLY1 ! POSSIBILITY ( COLLECTIVE SELF-MANAGEM5T )\T ! CONFUS$ AB/RACTION ( POLICE & GOV]NM5T4 ,! CITY1 9 ! VIC9ITY ( CONFLICT1 TRULY BECOMES ! PEOPLE'S TO BE WON1 LO/1 HELD OR DISC>D$4 

,TO P>APHRASE ,JEAN ,PAUL ,S>TRE1 ',! REASON ! WORK] DOES NOT REVOLT444 IS BECAUSE HE DOES NOT IMAG9E :AT A LIB]AT$ SOCIETY W\LD ACTUALLY BE LIKE4' 

,& FUR!R FROM ! AN>*I/ ,MIKHAIL ,BAKUN91 0,LET US REMEMB]1 NO GREAT /EP =W>D 9 HI/ORY HAS EV] COME TO FRUITION )\T FIR/ BE+ BAPTIZ$ 9 BLOOD40 

,!RE=E1 REG>DLESS ( ! P>TICUL> SUCCESS ( ! ACTION AT H&1 ! ACTIVITY ( ?OSE )9 ! ,BLACK ,BLOC MU/ BE 5C\RAG$ & UND]/OOD AS BO? NECESS>Y & POSITIVE 9 RELATION TO ! SUBJECTIVE REQUIREM5TS NECESS>Y 9 ! CONT9UAL ADVANCEM5T ( ! REVOLUTION>Y AN>*I/ /RUGGLE4.<#e.> 

,! PRACTICE ( SU* ,BLOCS >E AS SOCIALLY_/PSY*OLOGICALLY HEAL?Y AS !Y >E REAL4 ,9 ?IS CAPACITY1 P]SONS CLAIM+ TO BE ( ! LEFT1 OR EV5 AN>*I/S1 :I* >GUE AGA9/ ! NE$ = A ,BLACK ,BLOC1 OR ?AT ! ,BLOC IS SOCIALLY &_/OR TACTICALLY 9EFFECTUAL1 MU/ BE UND]/OOD AS P]SONS :O EI!R DO NOT UND]/& ! SUBJECTIVE DYNAMIC ( REVOLT1 OR ONES :O >E SO WEI<$ D[N 9 9DECISION & TACIT ACCEPTANCE ( ! /ATUS QUO ?AT !Y MU/ BE CONSID]$ IGNORANT AT BE/1 OR ! 5EMY AT WOR/4 ,!SE FOLK W\LD SUB/ITUTE ANO!R G5]ATION ( IDEOLOGICAL DEBATE1 MEET+S & BOR$OM = REAL ACTION4.<#f.> ,DESPITE !IR PR(ESS$ GOALS1 !Y BECOME ! H>B+]S ( DEFEAT & ALI5ATION ?R\< !IR 9ABILITY TO UND]/& RISK1 ACTION1 MOVEM5T1 & EXP]I5TIAL FRE$OM4 ,! REVOLUTION>Y W\LD DO WELL TO DISCR$IT !IR WORDS ?R\< ACTION &1 AS WE >E NOT BLOOD?IR/Y ,NE&]?ALS1 ! CONT9U+ DEVELOPM5T ( LEGITIMATE AN>*I/ !ORY4 

,FOLL[+ ! EXAMPLE ( ! ,G]MAN PEOPLE1 ! =MATION ( ,BLACK ,BLOCS SOON SPREAD ACROSS ,EUROPE1 :]E !Y >E /ILL PRACTIC$ ) RELATIVE F]OCITY & EFFECTIV5ESS TODAY4.<#g.> ,BY ! E>LY #a#i#iS1 !SE TACTICS BEGAN TO TAKE ROOT 9 ,NOR? ,AM]ICA4 ,BLACK ,BLOCS W]E ORGANIZ$ DUR+ ! #aiia ,GULF ,W>1 DUR+ ! ,DEMOCRATIC ,NATIONAL ,CONV5TION ( #a#i#i#f1 & AT A MULTITUDE ( O!R DEMON/RATIONS ?R\<\T ! DECADE4 

,H[EV]1 ! EFFECTIV5ESS ( ! ,BLACK ,BLOC 9 ,NOR? ,AM]ICA SEEMS TO BE JU/ REA*+ C]TA9 LEVELS ( MATURITY 9 ?IS NEW DECADE2 A MATURITY :I* IS P>ALLEL$ ) ?AT ( ! BROAD] SOCIAL PROTE/ MOVEM5T AS A :OLE4 

,DUR+ ! ,BATTLE ( ,SEATTLE.<#h.>1 ! ,BLACK ,BLOC 7NUMB]+ APPROXIMATELY #b7 PRIM>ILY FOCUS$ ITS ATT5TION UPON ! DE/RUCTION ( CORPORATE PROP]TY4 ,AT ! ,A#a#f 7,APRIL #a#f1 #b7 ACTION.<#i.> ! ,BLOC 7NUMB]+ APPROXIMATELY #a7 FOCUS$ ! BULK ( ITS 5]GIES ON COMBAT+ POLICE 5GAG$ 9 VIOL5T ACTS AGA9/ ! ,BLOC & NONVIOL5T PROTE/]S ALIKE4 ,BLACK ,BLOCS W]E ALSO PRES5T AT BO? ! ,REPUBLICAN & ,DEMOCRATIC ,NATIONAL ,CONV5TIONS ( ?AT YE>4.<#a.> ,!RE !Y AGA9 DEMON/RAT$ !IR TACTICS ( PHYSICAL SELF-DEF5SE & ! DE/RUCTION ( CAPITALI/ PRIVATE PROP]TY &_/OR /ATE PROP]TY 7I4E4 POLICE C>S74 ,BLOCS W]E PRES5T AT A MULTITUDE ( ,MAY ,DAY DEMON/RATIONS 9 #b1 ! FIR/ PRESID5TIAL DEBATE 9 ,BO/ON.<#a#a.>1 AT ! 9AUGURATION ( N[-,PRESID5T ,BU%.<#a#b.>1 AS WELL AS AT A NUMB] ( O!R EV5TS4 

,! P>TICUL>ITIES ( EA* ( !SE ACTIONS RESULT$ 9 A V>IETY ( ,BLOC TACTICS4 ,!SE DIFF]5CES DES]VE TO BE EVALUAT$ 9 ORD] TO ASC]TA9 :AT SPECIFIC TACTICS >E EFFECTIVE 9 C]TA9 SITUATIONS4 ,SU* AN ANALYSIS IS REQUIR$ 9 ORD] = US TO BETT] PREP>E \RSELVES = FUTURE CONFLICTS4 ,H[EV]1 IT IS NOT ! FOCUS ( ?IS ESSAY TO GO 9TO SU* DETAILS4 ,! PRIM>Y CONC]N H]E IS SIMPLY TO DISCUSS ! HI/ORY ( ! ,BLACK ,BLOC & TO PLACE IT )9 A C]TA9 L>G] SOCIAL CONTEXT4 ,!RE=E1 SU* P>TICUL>ITIES1 ?\< IMPORTANT1 WILL BE OMITT$ = N[ 9 ORD] TO /AY FOCUS$ AT ! TASK AT H&4 ,?US1 ,I WILL H]E AGA9 TURN TO ! SOCIAL ORIG9S ( ! ,NOR? ,AM]ICAN ,BLACK ,BLOC4 

,SOCIAL ,COMPOSITION ,( ,! ,NOR? ,AM]ICAN ,BLACK ,BLOC 

,! ,BLACK ,BLOC 9 ,NOR? ,AM]ICA1 PRIM>ILY COMPOS$ ( FOLK FROM )9 ! CONTEMPOR>Y C\NT]CULTURE1 & MORE (T5 ?AN NOT COM+ FROM A WORK+ CLASS BACKGR\ND1 IS A POLITICAL EXPRESSION ( ! DEVELOP+ CLASS CONSCI\S SOCIAL REVOLUTION4.<#a#c.> ,P]SONS & COLLECTIVES MAK+ UP ! ,BLACK ,BLOC CAN BE G5]ALLY DESCRIB$ AS SEMI-ALI5AT$ Y\? FROM A POOR1 DECLASS$1 OR WORK+ CLASS BACKGR\ND4 ,?IS IS NOT TO IMPLY ?AT A NUMB] ( ,BLOC P>TICIPANTS DON'T COME FROM ! UPP] CLASSES1 = !Y DO4 ,H[EV]1 BE=E SOMEONE YELLS '*>LATANS1' IT %\LD BE /AT$ ?AT DUR+ ?IS PRES5T AGE ( NEO-LIB]ALISM 7! CONTEMPOR>Y MODE ( CAPITALISM71 ! BASIC /RA9S ( ALI5ATION RUN /RONG EV5 \TSIDE ( ! MORE OPPRESS$ COMMUNITIES4 ,ON ! O!R H&1 ,I DO NOT 9T5D TO IMPLY ?AT ! NATURAL FOCUS ( REVOLUTION>Y POT5TIAL HAS BE5 /RIPP$ FROM ! MORE EXPLOIT$ & MAT]IALLY DEPRIV$ POPULATIONS4 ,IT HASN'T4 ,IT IS ONLY TO SAY ?AT AS SOCIETY MOVES 9 MORE AB/RACT$ & CULTURALLY UNDESIRABLE DIRECTIONS ?AT MORE & MORE PEOPLE ACROSS CLASS L9ES1 P>TICUL>LY Y\NG PEOPLE1 WILL BEG9 TO SEEK SOCIAL ALT]NATIVES TO ! /ATUS QUO4 ,&1 IT IS ONLY REASONABLE TO EXPECT A NUMB] ( !M TO SIDE ) ! SOCIAL VISION ( ! ACTIVELY REVOLUTION>Y POOR & WORK+ CLASS4 ,BESIDES1 HI/ORY HAS PROV5 ?AT :ILE CLASS ORIG9S CAN SAY MU* AB\T ! G5]AL POT5TIAL & DEMEANOR ( L>GE GR\P+S1 IT ALSO TELLS US ?AT !SE G5]ALITIES >E NOT ABSOLUTE LAWS :5 JUDG$ AGA9/ ! REAL ACTIVITIES ( SPECIFIC P]SONS4.<#a#d.> ,= EXAMPLE1 ONE ( ! GREATE/ AN>*I/ REVOLUTION>IES_/!ORETICIANS 9 HI/ORY WAS ,MIKHAIL ,BAKUN94 ,BAKUN9 CAME FROM AN >I/OCRATIC ,RUSSIAN FAMILY4 ,HE HIMSELF WAS BRIEFLY AN (FIC] 9 ! ,IMP]IAL ,>MY4 ,YET HE COMMITT$ NE>LY HIS 5TIRE ADULT LIFE TO ! EMANCIPATION ( ALL PEOPLE4 ,HE /OOD AT ! WORK]S' B>RICADES DUR+ ! ,BAV>IAN 9SURRECTION1 & = ?IS HIS =M] CLASS ORIG9S BECAME BO? TRANSC5D$ & MEAN+LESS4 ,GIVE US T5 DIVISIONS ( ,BAKUN9S1 REG>DLESS ( !IR PA/ ECONOMIC /&+1 & \R WORK AS REVOLUTION>IES W\LD BE OV] 9 A MATT] ( DAYS4.<#a#e.> ,SO1 TO ALL Y\ PRET5TI\S CLASS CONC]N$ CRITICS1 ,I *ALL5GE Y\ TO TELL ME :AT Y\'VE DONE4 

,?IS BE+ CL>IFI$1 ,I USE ! PREFIX 'SEMI1' 9 DESCRIB+ ! ,BLOCS P>TICIPANTS AS 'SEMI-ALI5AT$ Y\?1' TO M>K ! FACT ?AT ! VA/ MAJORITY ( ?OSE 9VOLV$ >E ROOT$ 9 C\NT]CULTURE COMMUNITIES :]E9 DEGREES ( NON-ALI5AT$ SOCIAL RELATIONS >E ACTIVELY CULTIVAT$4 ,!Y MAY BE P>T ( A SMALL DEMOCRATIC WORK]'S COOP]ATIVE1 AN >TI/ICALLY ORI5T$ CONS5SUS BAS$ COLLECTIVE1 RESIDE 9 A GR\P RUN COMMUNE1 H\SE1 OR SQUAT1 SUBSIDE (F TAX-EXEMPT FUNDS FROM ! BLACK M>KET1 OR SIMPLY LIVE AS WELL AS !IR ANTI-CAPITALI/ LOGIC & 9TUITION IMPELS !M TO4 ,9 %ORT1 A GOOD DEAL ( !IR LIVES >E FOCUS$ >\ND ! LIV+ EXAMPLE ( MORE NATURAL & LIFE_/CREATIVITY AFFIRM+ SOCIALI/.<#a#f.> MODES ( EXI/5CE4 ,!Y TRY TO BE GOOD FOLK ) EA* O!R & ! POOR & WORK+ FOLK >\ND !M4 ,!Y HELP EA* O!R \T )\T EXPECT+ PR(IT4 

,H[EV]1 ?IS IS NOT TO SAY ?AT !Y1 UNLIKE MORE MA9/REAM WORK]S1 >E NOT ALI5AT$4 ,= NO MATT] H[ 'C\NT]' ONE MANAGES TO LIVE )9 AN OPPRESSIVE AU?ORIT>IAN SOCIETY1 ONE CANNOT ESCAPE ! BASIC DRUGG+ ( ONE'S SPIRIT BY ! H&S ( ! /ATE4 ,IF ONE LIVES ON A COLLECTIVE F>M1 ?AT COLLECTIVE IS /ILL CO]C$ 9TO PAY+ PROP]TY TAX1 OR ! L& WILL BE SEIZ$4 ,IF ONE SP5DS !IR H\RS WORK+ TO COLLECTIVELY CREATE A LIB]AT+ >T -FOOD1 %ELT]1 & >T SUPPLIES HAVE TO BE HAD2 & (T5 ?IS IS 5\< CO]CION TO COMPEL ONE TO SELL !IR LABOR AS A WAGE SLAVE4 ,WORK] CO-OP]ATIVES >E NO EXCEPTION4 ,SU* OP]ATIONS >E DRIV5 TO CONT9UE DEAL+ ON A CA% BASIS 9ASMU* AS C]TA9 BASIC SUPPLIES 7TAKE PA9T = EXAMPLE1 ?AT IS IF ! CO-OP IS C5T]$ >\ND ?AT TRADE7 >E NOT EASILY ATTA9ABLE ?R\< B>T] OR O!R MEANS4 ,ALL BE+ SAID1 ! RAT ( CONTEMPOR>Y CAPITALISM CAN BE SPOTT$ 9 ! BE/ HOMES4 

,/ILL1 ! AN>*I/ )9 A C\NT]CULTURE IS LESS ALI5AT$ FROM !MSELVES & O!RS AS COMP>$ TO ! P]SON SQU>ELY )9 ! PR$OM9ANT CULTURE4 ,AT LEA/ H]E RADICAL COMMODIFICATION1 CONSUM]ISM1 CAPITALISM1 & AU?ORIT>IANISM >E VIEW$ AS CRAP YET TO BE OV]COME1 AS OPPOS$ TO ! B$ROCK ( SOCIAL MEAN+4 

,) ! ABOVE UND]/OOD1 ! QUE/ION /ILL REMA9S AS TO :AT ! DEEP] SOCIAL1 POLITICAL & HI/ORICAL REASONS >E = ! EM]G5CE ( ?IS REVOLUTION>Y FACTION )9 ! WE/]N NATIONS4 ,= ! P>TICUL>ITIES ( !IR CULTURAL LEAN+S SEEM TO MAKE !M SOME:AT UNIQUE AS COMP>$ TO !IR PROLET>IAT ANCE/ORS4 ,!Y >E NOT FRI5DLY TO ! AU?ORIT>IAN ANALYSIS ( ! V>I\S COMMUNI/ P>TIES1 !Y >E NOT (T5 MOTIVAT$ BY HUNG] 7ONE CAN F9D LOTS ( FOOD 9 ! TRA% B9S ( ,UNCLE ,SAM7 & !Y DO NOT LIMIT !IR DEM&S & SOCIAL VISION TO MAT]IAL EQUALITY4 ,!Y CALL = A RE-?9K+ & RE-ORGANIZ+ ( SOCIETY ALONG L9ES :I* *ALL5GE ! V]Y FUNDAM5TAL BASIS ( CONTEMPOR>Y WE/]N CIVILIZATION4 ,!Y >E AN>*I/S6 ,BUT H[ DID ! BROAD] SOCIAL CONTEXT GIVE RISE TO !M8 ,:O IS !IR CON/ITU5CY8 ,:AT EXACTLY IS IT ?AT !Y SEEK TO DISRUPT1 & :AT DO !Y 9T5D TO REPLACE IT )8 

,9 ORD] TO ANSW] SOME ( !SE UND]LY+ QUE/IONS1 AS WELL AS TO PLACE ! ,BLOCK ,BLOC )9 A COMPREH5SIVE SOCIOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK1 ,I WILL N[ TURN TO A DISC\RSE ON ! P>TICUL>ITIES ( ! PRES5T CAPITALI/ REALITY4 

,SECTION ,I,I 

,! ,NEW ,CAPITALISM ,& ,ITS ,SY/EM ,( 

,RADICAL ,COMMODIFICATION ,& ,CONSUM]ISM 

,AS CAPITALISM HAS MOV$ 9TO ! NEW PHASE ( RADICAL COMMODIFICATION & CONSUM]ISM1 ITS HOLD ON ALL ASPECTS ( ! P]CEIV$ MASS EXI/5CE HAS SEEM+LY /R5G!N$4 ,CONTEMPOR>Y CAPITALISM1 BY WAY ( ITS 9H]5T IMP]IALISM1 HAS EXP&$ ITS =M] MAT]IAL B\ND>IES AS TO MAKE A QUANTIFIABLE COMMODITY \T ( ! HOLL[S ( ONE'S PRIVATE TIME1 9T]NAL ?\<TS1 RECREATION & P]SONAL RELATIONS4 ,! OLD] =MS ( CLASSICAL CAPITALISM1 AS F\ND 9 ! PRE-,W,W,I,I ,EURO-,AM]ICAN !AT]1 WAS PRIM>ILY CONC]N$ ) L>GE SCALE DOME/IC 9DU/RIAL PRODUCTION & ! SUBSEQU5T EXPLOITATION ( ! WORK]1 ?R\< RELATIVELY /RAI<T=W>D MEANS1 = ! 5DS ( SURPLUS CAPITAL 7PR(IT74 ,! NEW CONC]NS C5T] >\ND ! EXPLOITATION ( LEISURE1 ! CON/RUCTION ( FALSE NE$S ALONG ) ! P>TICUL> COMMODITIES TO MEET !SE SUP]FLU\S & PR(ITABLE 5DS1 & ! ADVANCEM5T ( ITS PSY*OLOGICAL HOLDS TO 9CLUDE ! SUBTLE CO]CION ( ! WORK] TO ACTIVELY TAKE P>T 9 H]_/HIS [N OPPRESSION4 ,( C\RSE ! OLD 9DU/RIAL MODES ( EXPLOITATION >E /ILL PRES5T1 ONLY N[ ! PALLET ( OPPRESSION & DRE>9ESS IS MORE WELL-R\ND$4 

,! IMM$IATE CAUSE ( ?IS %IFT CAN BE F\ND ) ! RUL+ CLASS'S ABILITY TO EXPORT MASSIVE SEGM5TS ( ! 9DU/RIES 7COAL1 PETROLEUM1 MA*9E_/AUTO PRODUCTION1 FABRICS1 ETC47 TO POOR]1 =M]LY AGRICULTURAL-BAS$ ?IRD WORLD NATIONS :]E ! WORK] IS SUBJECT$ BY ! IRON HEEL ( PUPPET DICTATORS BACK$ F9ANCIALLY & MILIT>ILY BY ! PRIM>Y CAPITALI/ /ATES ALONG ) !IR PLUTOCRACY4.<#a#g.> ,)9 !SE C\NTRIES LABOR LACKS ! HI/ORICAL CONSOLIDATION ( ORGANIZATIONAL /R5G? & PA/ ACCOMPLI%M5TS SU* AS ! EI<T H\R WORK DAY & WORK]S' COMP5SATION4.<#a#h.> ,?IS ( C\RSE IS 9 CONJUNCTION ) ! FACT ?AT )9 !SE B\ND>IES1 SAFETY_/5VIRONM5TAL /&>DS >E H>DLY ALLOTT$ A :ISP] ( CONC]N1 LET ALONE PRECAUTION>Y LEGISLATION4 ,!RE=E1 ! PRIM>Y CAPITALI/ NATIONS1 ?R\< !IR RESPECT$ RUL+ CLASS1 CAN 9CREASE PRODUCTION AT A FRACTION ( ! =M] CO/ :ILE MASSIVELY 9CREAS+ PR(IT4.<#a#i.> ,9 TURN1 ! RUL+ CLASS CAN !N ?R[ A FEW MORE PEANUTS ( B5EFITS & WAGES TO ! DOME/IC WORK]S1 9 ORD] TO DECREASE POV]TY-BAS$ 9SURRECTION>Y S5TIM5T :ILE NOT EXP]I5C+ ANY DECREASE 9 PR(IT4 

,SIMULTANE\SLY !SE SO CALL$ PRIVILEG$ LABOR]S >E CON/ANTLY PRESSUR$ TO UTILIZE !IR NEW SP5D+ ABILITY ?R\< ! PUR*AS+ ( CAPITALI/ CONTROLL$ GADGETS & 9/RUM5TS ( SUPPOS$ 5JOYM5T &_/OR NE$1 I4E4 COMPLICAT$ PHONE S]VICES1 L>GE SCRE5 T4V4'S1 BR& NAME G>M5TS_/SNEAK]S1 NEW TOP #d MUSICAL ,C,DS WRITT5 & COMPOS$ BY AS%OLES LACK+ EV5 A H9T ( S\L1 & L>G] ?AN NECESS>Y C>S ) REMOTE LOCK+ DEVICES4 

0.<,!Y'LL.> GIVE Y\ ALL ! HITS TO PLAY1 

TO KEEP Y\ 9 Y\R PLACE ALL DAY40 

--,! ,CLA% 

,9 O!R WORDS1 FALSE OR UNNECESS>Y NE$S >E CREAT$ )9 ?IS M>KET1 & >E !N ALLOTT$ TO ! POPULACE AT ! EXP5SE ( FUR!R CAPITAL4 ,9 ?IS WAY1 ! RUL+ CLASS IS ABLE TO AGA9 ACCUMULATE EV5 FUR!R SURPLUS CAPITAL4 

,TO BR+ AB\T ?IS TR5D 9 POPUL> SP5D+1 ! MASSES >E BOMB>D$ ) COMM]CIAL MESSAGES ( 9DOCTR9ATION COMMONLY REF]R$ TO AS 0ADV]TISEM5TS40 ,?IS =CE-F$ PROPAG&A MEETS ! EYE NE>LY :]EV] IT MAY W&]1 & BY SUBTLETIES & BY %E] IMM5SITY1 DIRECTS ! H& ( ! /ILL ALI5AT$1 IF NOT /ILL HALF-/>V$1 FIR/ WORLD WORK] D[N ! ROAD ( UNBRIDL$ CONSUM]ISM4 ,H]E ! ROLE ( ! WORK] TAKES ON A BIZ>RE *>ACT]4 ,ON ! ONE H&1 ! WORK] CONT9UES H]_/HIS =M] ROLE AS A P]SON_/CLASS SUBJECT$ TO AN EXPLOITATIVE ECONOMIC RELATION4 ,= S_/HE /ILL DOES NOT [N OR CONTROL ! MEANS ( PRODUCTION1 & S_/HE IS /ILL US$ BY ! RUL+ CLASS AS NO MORE ?AN A DRONE CAPABLE 7NOT )\T PRODD+7 ( G5]AT+ PR(IT E>M>K$1 ALONE1 = ! ALREADY WEAL?Y4 ,S_/HE /ILL DOES NOT CONTROL H]_/HIS [N LIFE4 ,IT IS CONTROLL$ BY P[]S FROM ECONOMICALLY ABOVE4 ,& FUR!R1 ! G5]AL PROSP]ITY ( ! ECONOMY IS /ILL UNATTA9ABLE 9 ANY EQUITABLE MANN] 9ASMU* AS IT /ILL RE/S ) A M9ORITY ( RUL+ ECONOMIC ELITE1 PROTECT$ BY BO? ! LAWS ( ! L& & ! GUNS ( ! /ATE4 

,ON ! O!R H&1 BY TRANS=M+ ! WORK] 9TO A CONSUM]1 ! ECONOMIC SY/EM MANAGES TO MAKE ! WORK] 9TO AN ACTIVE AG5T 9 H]_/HIS [N SOCIAL OPPRESSION4 ,= H]E CONSUMPTION IS BO? SUBTLY & AGGRESSIVELY MADE \T TO BE ! MEANS BY :I* ! 9DIVIDUAL CAN ESCAPE ! EXP]I5TIAL EMPT9ESS ( !IR SO-CALL$ FREE1 YET S]F-LIKE1 LIFE4.<#b.> ,! UNSPOK5 MESSAGE ?AT EV]Y ADV]TISEM5T C>RIES IS ?AT IT IS ONLY BY VIRTUE ( CONSUM+ ?AT ! S+LE 9DIVIDUAL TRANSC5DS ! LONEL9ESS ( PROV9CIAL EXI/5CE & TAKES P>T 9 ! COMMUNION ( ! 'ONE' OR AT LEA/ ( SOME?+ GREAT] & MORE MEAN+FUL4 ,9 ?IS CASE ! 'ONE' IS CAPITAL & ! MEANS IS ! RECOGNITION ( ! SELF & O!R 7BO? ANIMAT$ & UNANIMAT$1 COGNITIVE & NON-COGNITIVE7 AS FACETS ( ! UNIV]SAL REPRES5TATION ( ALL COMMODITIES1 ?AT IS MONEY4 ,& 9 TURN1 ! 9DIVIDUAL MU/ H]_/HIMSELF SELL ONE'S LABOR BO? AS A MEANS ( MAT]IAL SURVIVAL &1 AS ?IS NEW SOCIAL RELATION DEM&S1 AS A MEANS ( BECOM+ A COMMODITY4.<#b#a.> ,FUR!RMORE1 ! WORK] MU/ N[ UTILIZE ! WAGES RECEIV$ AS A MEANS ( AGA9 T\*+ ! :OLE ?R\< ! ACCUMULATION_/CONSUMPTION ( O!R COMMODITIES4 ,! PROMISE IS ?AT AS LONG AS ?IS PROCESS REMA9S CON/ANT1 AS LONG AS ! 9DIVIDUAL CONSI/5TLY RETA9S AN ACTIVE RELATION )9 ?IS PROCESS1 ONE CAN KN[ ! UNIV]SAL :OL5ESS ( EXI/5CE1 & !RE=E ! ADDITIONAL PROMISE ( AN 5SU+ 'KN[L$GE ( A TRU?' & 'S5SE ( WELLBE+' IS ALSO GRANT$4 ,?IS OCCURS 9S(> AS ! 'ONE' OR ! 'UNIV]SAL' HAS ALWAYS BE5 DESCRIB$ 9 CONJUNCTION ) !SE TRAITS S9CE ! BEG9N+S ( RELIGION & P]MAN5T_/CITY DWELL+S4 ,?US1 ! LIE IS PA9T$ AS TRU? VIA AN IMPLI$ ASSOCIATION4 

,H]E1 ! WORK]1 DRUNK ON CONT9UAL ADV]TISEM5TS & NO LONG] TE!R$ BY HUNG] & COLD1 IMM]SES H]_/HIMSELF 9 A CON/ANT /ATE ( CONSUMPTION4 ,S_/HE BECOMES CONV9C$ ?AT SUP]FLU\S COMMODITIES >E NECESS>Y ELEM5TS ( A GOOD LIFE1 & ACTIVELY SEEKS !M \T = CONSUMPTION4 ,?IS1 DESPITE ! FACT ?AT ! PUR*AS+ ( !SE OBJECTS OR EXP]I5CES PLAY AN OBVI\S & PRIM>Y ROLE 9 MA9TA9+ ! WEAL? & !RE=E P[]1 ?R\< CONT9U+ PR(IT1 ( ?OSE 9 ! RUL+ CLASS :O CONTROL ! ECONOMIC RI<TS TO !SE ?+S4 ,9 ADDITION1 ! CONSUM]-WORK] IS (T5 REQUIR$ TO FUR!R 5?RALL$ H]_/HIMSELF TO ! PLUTOCRACY BY ACQUIR+ !SE COMMODITIES BY ! MEANS ( CR$IT 7CR$IT C>DS1 LOANS1 ETC474 ,BY DO+ SU*1 ! LABOR] MU/ P]=M ADDITIONAL H\RS AT WORK 9 ORD] TO ACCRUE ! NECESS>Y CAPITAL TO PAY BACK ! BORR[$ CA%1 & SUBSEQU5TLY MA9TA9 !IR ACCESS TO CR$IT & H5CE ADEQUATE LEVELS ( MAT]IAL CONSUMPTION4 ,( C\RSE !SE H\RS ( LABOR RESULT 9 ! RI* FUR!R EXP&+ !IR PR(IT E>N+S AT ! EXP5SE ( ! WAGE WORK]4 

,?IS DYNAMIC (T5 RESULTS 9 ! LABOR] BECOM+ MORE DOCILE 9 H]_/HIS CAPACITY 9 ! WORKPLACE1 9 ?AT TO BE FIR$ TRANSLATES 9TO BE+ CUT (F FROM H]_/HIS ROLE AS A COMMODITY 7WAGE SLAVE7 & FULL CONSUM]4 ,?IS IS SOME?+ ?AT ! 9DOCTR9AT$ CONSUM]-WORK] DREADS1 AS SU* A SEV]+ FROM ! P]CEIV$ 'ONE' W\LD DE/ROY ! ID5TITY ( ! SELF & SOCIETY :I* SU* A NEUROTIC SY/EM ( RELATIONS DEM&4 ,!RE=E1 :]E ! WORK] ( OLD W\LD MORE QUICKLY RISK H]_/HIS JOB SECURITY 9 ORD] TO BR+ AB\T POSITIVE *ANGE = !IR CLASS 7I4E4 UNION ORGANIZ+7 ! NEW CONSUM]-WORK] IS G5]ALLY MORE CONS]VATIVE 9 ORD] TO C>EFULLY MA9TA9 H]_/HIS MEANS TO COMMUNION4.<#b#b.> 

0,! BASIC TAUTOLOGICAL *>ACT] ( ! SPECTACLE .<?IS SY/EM ( COMMODITY-CONSUMPTION.> FL[S FROM ! SIMPLE FACT ?AT ITS MEANS >E SIMULTANE\SLY ITS 5DS4 ,IT IS ! SUN :I* NEV] SETS OV] ! EMPIRE ( MOD]N PASSIVITY4 ,IT COV]S ! 5TIRE SURFACE ( ! WORLD & BA!S 5DLESSLY 9 ITS [N GLORY40 

--,GUY ,DEBORD.<#b#c.> 

,:]E 9 ! RELIGI\S AGE EX-COMMUNICATION FROM ! *UR* MEANT SOCIAL & P]CEIV$ SPIRITUAL DEA?1 N[ UNEMPLOYM5T S]VES A SIMIL> ROLE4 ,= EV5 ) SU* H>D E>N$ WORK] B5EFITS AS UNEMPLOYM5T COMP5SATION1 ! JOBLESS >E /ILL DISCONNECT$ FROM HALF ( ! P]CEIV$ PROCESS ( MEAN+4 ,9 ?IS SY/EM IT IS NOT 5\< TO CONSUME4 ,A P]SON ALSO MU/ BE AN OBJECT ( CONSUMPTION ONESELF 7A COMMODIFI$ WORK]74 ,?IS /&S TRUE UNLESS ( C\RSE Y\ >E AMONG ! RUL+ CLASS1 9 :I* CASE Y\ ACQUIRE A SORT ( LIV+ SA9?OOD4 

,?IS MODE ( ?\<T ALSO RESULTS 9 A FRACTION+ ( CLASS UNITY4 ,= CLASS NO LONG] BECOMES ! P]CEIV$ FOCAL PO9T ( SOCIAL MEAN+4 ,H]E1 ! 9DIVIDUAL 7OR MORE ACCURATELY1 ! BELIEV]71 ALONG ) ! CAPITALI/ SY/EM ( RADICAL COMMODIFICATION1 BECOMES ! SOLE BASIS ( HUMAN UND]/&+4 ,EA* CONSUM] & COMMODITY DEM&S ITS [N SEP>AT5ESS :I* ONLY ! UNITY ( CAPITAL 7AS UNIV]SAL COMMODITY7 CAN BR+ TOGE!R4 

0,:AT HIDES UND]44 .<?IS SEP>AT5ESS.> IS A UNITY ( MIS]Y4 ,BEH9D ! MASKS ( TOTAL *OICE1 DIFF]5T =MS ( ! SAME ALI5ATION CONFRONT EA* O!R1 ALL ( !M BUILT ON REAL CONTRADICTIONS :I* >E REPRESS$40 

--,GUY ,DEBORD.<#b#d.> 

,) ?IS MASS FOOL]Y 9TACT1 ! WORK] IS NO LONG] AS LIKELY TO TAKE P]SONAL RISKS = ! B5EFIT ( !IR NATURAL HI/ORICAL :OLE 7?AT BE+ CLASS74 ,FUR!RMORE1 ! RELATION%IP ( ! CONSUM]-COMMODITY NECESSITATES AN 'US VS4 !M' M5TALITY4 ,= ALL ?OSE :O BUY 9TO ?IS & :O MA9TA9 A FULL CONNECTION TO ?IS PROCESS BEG9 TO RECOGNIZE !MSELVES 9 A SIMIL> WAY ?AT 9SUL> RELIGI\S &_/OR NATIONALI/IC E?NIC COMMUNITIES T5D TO VIEW !MSELVES4 ,= ?OSE 9CLUD$ !RE IS A PASSIVE ACCEPTANCE4 ,= ?OSE \TSIDE !RE >E MISGIV+S & EV5 HATR$4 ,IT IS = ?IS REASON ?AT ! RI<T MANAGES TO USE ?OSE COLLECT+ WELF>E AS A SCAPEGOAT ON :I* ! WORK]S CAN PLACE MISGUID$ ANG] & RES5TM5T4 ,IRONICALLY1 ! SOCIAL B5EFITS ?AT SU* P]SONS COLLECT >E ! SAME B5EFITS WON BY ! WORK+ CLASS /RUGGLE DUR+ PREVI\S TIMES DUR+ CLASSICAL CAPITALISM4 ,9 %ORT1 UND] !SE NEW CAPITALI/ CONDITIONS1 ! ECONOMIC SY/EM BECOMES A K9D ( SOCIAL FUNDAM5TALISM &_/OR CAPITAL BAS$ FASCISM4 

,TO FUR!R UND]M9E POOR & WORK+ CLASS UNITY1 ! RUL+ ELITE ?R\< ! PUBLIC S*OOLS1 !IR PAID-= POLITICAL LACKEYS & MASS M$IA CONGLOM]ATES AGGRESSIVELY DISSEM9ATES 9ACCURATE T]M9OLOGIES REG>D+ CLASS CATEGORIES4 

,T[>DS ?IS 5D ! T]M 'MIDDLE CLASS' HAS BE5 RE9V5T$ SO AS TO DRIVE A DIVID+ L9E BETWE5 :AT IS CORRECTLY A S+LE WORK+ CLASS4 ,:]E9 'MIDDLE CLASS' WAS =MALLY CONSID]$ TO BE ! L[] 5D ( ! UPP] CLASSES 7I4E4 ABS5TEE F>M]S1 [N]S ( MULTIPLE *A9 /ORE \TLETS7 IT IS N[ US$ TO DESCRIBE A C]TA9 DEGREE ( COMMODITY ACQUISITION AMONG LABOR]S4 ,IT IS NOT UNCOMMON = A P]SON :O LABORS AS A NURSE1 A CON/RUCTION WORK]1 A L[ 5D CL]K OR EV5 ONE :O CLEANS GUTT]S AT @s#a#f AN H\R TO BE CONSID]$ 'MIDDLE CLASS' AS LONG AS ?AT P]SON IS 9 POSSESSION ( A NEW C>1 HOME1 L>GE TELEVISION1 ETC4 ,( C\RSE !SE ITEMS >E TYPICALLY MADE AVAILABLE TO ! WORK] ?R\< ! DEVELOPM5T ( ! CR$IT 9DU/RY1 & AS SU* CANNOT REPRES5T ANY REAL NOTION ( EQUITABLE OR B\NTIFUL WEAL?4 ,9 !MSELVES1 SU* COMMODITIES ACQUIR$ BY CR$IT REPRES5T ! V]Y REAL 9CREASE 9 PR(IT ( ?OSE 9 ! RUL+ CLASS :O [N &_/OR CONTROL BO? 5DS ( ?IS 9DU/RY4 ,AT ! 5D ( ! DAY1 IF Y\ WORK = A WAGE AT A PR(ESSION :I* IS CONTROLL$ FROM ABOVE1 C\NT ON EA* PAY*ECK TO MAKE 5DS MEET1 & IF ?AT JOB REPRES5TS Y\R SOLE LIVELIHOOD1 & F9ALLY IF Y\ (T5 OR SOMETIMES 7DUR+ MOM5TS ( CL>ITY7 WI% Y\ DID NOT HAVE TO BE !RE AT ALL1 !N Y\ >E MO/ LIKELY ( A WORK+ CLASS ORIG94 ,9 %ORT1 T]MS SU* AS 'MIDDLE CLASS' >E AS MEAN+LESS AS !Y >E DIVISIVE4 ,!Y DO NO MORE ?AN RE9=CE ! RELATIVE /ABILITY ( ! PLUTOCRATIC P[]S ?AT BE4 

,! /ABILIZ+ P[] ( ! NEW CAPITALISM1 ?AT ( A FUNCTION+ PROCESS ( COMMODIFICATION & CONSUMPTION1 D]IVES FROM MASS BELIEF1 & :5 A BELIEF IS MISGIV51 !RE IS ALWAYS ! LIKELIHOOD ?AT IT CAN & WILL BE REV]S$4 ,?IS IS ESPECIALLY ! CASE :]E ]ROR IS CONTRA/$ ) OBJECTIVELY MAT]IAL & 9TUITIVE EXP]I5TIAL TRU?4 ,&1 IT IS JU/ SU* A CONTRA/ ?AT ! CONTEMPOR>Y MASSES >E CONFRONT$ ) :5EV] BREAKS ( CONT9UITY OCCUR 9 ! PRES5T OPPRESSIVE SY/EM4 ,!SE BREAKS >E (T5 FRAU<T ) EXI/5TIAL FE>1 ANXIETY1 ANG]1 MISGIV+S1 & REGRET4 ,%IT1 PSY*OACTIVE PRESCRIPTION DRUGS ASIDE.<#b#e.>1 IT'S H>D TO IMAG9E A P]SON NOT REFLECT+ ON ! ABSURDITY1 EMPT9ESS1 & LACK ( SOCIAL WOR? ( ?IS SY/EM :5 !Y LAY !IR HEAD ON ! PILL[ TO SLEEP AT NI<T4 ,WELL1 BE=E ?IS BEG9S TO S\ND TOO PESSIMI/IC1 LET'S TAKE COM=T 9 ! FACT ?AT ! WORLD IS NO LONG] BELIEV$ TO BE FLAT4 

,DUR+ PREVI\S TIMES1 :5 9DU/RIAL PRODUCTION WAS PRIM>ILY BAS$ 9 :AT IS /ILL CONSID]$ TO BE ! 9DU/RIAL C\NTRIES1 ! 'BOTTOM L9E' ( ! RUL+ CLASS LIMIT$ ?IS RELATION 9 ?AT ! G5]AL WORK+ POPULATION WAS NOT ALL[$ ! MEANS TO ADEQUATELY CONSUME 9 ORD] TO TAKE P>T 9 ?IS PROCESS4 ,9 %ORT1 ! GRE$ ( ! DOME/IC UPP] CLASS LIMIT$ ! /ABILIZATION ( ! SY/EM4 ,!Y SUCK$ ! WORK+ CLASS = ALL ?AT IT WAS WOR? & ?REW !M P5NIES SO AS !Y MI<T NOT />VE 9 ORD] TO WORK & CREATE CAPITALI/ PR(IT AGA9 ANO!R DAY4 ,H]E ! PROLET>IAT'S MEAG] PUR*AS+ P[] VA/LY LIMIT$ !IR ABILITY TO CONSUME1 & H5CE ! WORK] C\LD NOT BE AS EASILY FOOL$ 9TO BELIEV+ 9 ! BULL%IT COMMUNION DISCUSS$ ABOVE4 

,FROM ! E>LIE/ TIMES ( S]I\S 9DU/RIALIZATION1 ,EUROPE & ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES W]E FRAU<T ) A NE>LY CON/ANT /ATE ( RELATIVE WORK+ CLASS UNRE/ = !SE V]Y REASONS4 ,CAPITALISM LACK$ AN EXP]I5TIAL EXCUSE TO DULL ! KNIFE ( MASS AGITATION AGA9/ ! OBVI\SLY DEGRAD+ CIRCUM/ANCES UND] :I* ! GREAT MAJORITY ( PEOPLE W]E =C$ TO LIVE4 ,IT WAS NOT UNTIL AFT] ,WORLD ,W> ,I,I ?AT ! SOCIAL SITUATION BEGAN TO APP>5TLY /ABILIZE4.<#b#f.> ,?IS HAPP5$1 9 CONJUNCTION ) O!R SUBJECTIVE REASONS1 AS ! ABOVE DISCUSS$ ECONOMIC /RATEGY BEGAN TO TAKE HOLD4 

,H[EV]1 ?IS P]IOD ( RELATIVE /ABILITY WAS NOT ACCRU$ )\T C]TA9 CO/S /ILL TO BE FELT TODAY4 ,BY CURTAIL+ DOME/IC REBELLION BY FO/]+ AN 9T]NATIONALIZATION ( CAPITALI/ OPPRESSION1 ! RUL+ CLASS MU/ CONT9UALLY PAY ! PRICE ( A GREATLY 9T5SIFI$ MASS ALI5ATION4 ,?IS PROVES TO BE AN EXP5SE 9 ?AT IT RESULTS 9 C]TA9 PR(\ND *9KS =M+ 9 ! >MOR ( ! PLUTOCRACY AT ! HOME FRONT4.<#b#g.> ,= BY DOME/ICALLY DECREAS+ MAT]IAL DEPRIVATION 7POV]TY7 AMONG ITS DOME/IC LABOR]S1 & BY SETT+ !M UPON A C\RSE = ! NONEXI/5T PROMIS$ L& ( HAPP9ESS )9 ! 'UNIV]SAL COMMODITY1' ! SOCIAL FRAMEWORK ( SOCIETY AS A :OLE BECOMES BOGG$ D[N 9 A WORLD ( %IT1 LIES & EXP]I5TIAL DISAPPO9TM5TS4 ,9 ?IS WAY ALI5ATION BECOMES A FACTOR :I* DRIVES SOCIETY 9 TWO DIRECTIONS2 ONE SOCIOPA?IC.<#b#h.> ! O!R REVOLUTION>Y2 NEI!R ( :I* BODE WELL = FUTURE /ABILITY & A CONT9UATION ( ! /ATUS QUO4 ,?IS OCCURS DUE TO ! UND]LY+ EXP]I5TIAL LIE ( ! PROMISE ( ! UNIV]SAL ABILITY TO A*IEVE :OL5ESS ) SOME?+ BO? GREAT] & MORE MEAN+FUL4 ,!RE IS A REASON :Y PEOPLE FE> DEA? 9 ?IS SOCIETY1 & IT'S NOT BECAUSE ( FIRE & BRIM/ONE2 IT IS ! FE> ?AT !IR :OLE LIVES AS CONSUM]S MAY HAVE BE5 A WA/E ( TIME AS MU* AS !IR APP>5T 7=C$7 HAPP9ESS WAS NO MORE ?AN A PLA/IC C>ROT ON A /R+4 ,?AT IS NOT A PLEASANT F9AL ?\<T4 ,9 %ORT1 ',! ,JONES' DI$ MIS]ABLE4 

044DO Y\ SEE 

N[ ?AT Y\ SEE ?AT EV]Y?+ !Y TOLD US WAS WRONG8 

,! ELEPHANT CAU<T LIKE ?AT 

& CAG$ 

LIKE ?AT8 

,! WAY !Y KICK$ US & CAG$ US TOO8 

,H[ SWEETLY SAD IT SEEMS H[ SAD & SWEET PASS+ LONELY PEOPLE ON ! /REET 

! SKULLS B5EA? ! SK9 

! >T]IES BRAVELY PUMP+ LIQUID AS !Y RU% TO DO 

ALL ! FOOLI% ?+S ?AT !Y MU/ DO4440 

--,*>LES ,BUK[SKI.<#b#i.> 

,) ALL ?IS BE+ SAID1 IT IS IMPORTANT TO PO9T \T ?AT ?IS NEW ,CAPITALISM IS /ILL =C$ TO COMPETE ) ITS MORE BACKW>DS 9T]NAL S5TIM5TS4 ,= ! RUL+ CLASS1 /ILL BE+ MOTIVAT$ BY GRE$1 (T5 F9DS ITSELF 9CAPABLE ( MA9TA9+ ! NECESS>Y LEVELS ( COMMODITY AVAILABILITY = ! DOME/IC WORK]S4.<#c.> ,:]E9 IT IS RATIONAL 7FROM ! PO9T ( VIEW ( ! CAPITALI/7 TO ALL[ ! DOME/IC POPULATION A C]TA9 DEGREE ( PUR*AS+_/ACQUISITION P[] 9 ORD] TO GU>ANTEE A BASIC LEVEL ( MAT]IAL BAS$ SOCIAL /ABILITY1 & A CONT9U+ PR(IT M>G9 BAS$ ON COMMODITY SALES1 ! UND]LY+ GRE$ ( ?IS CLASS (T5 ACTS AS A SELF-DEFEAT+ =CE4 ,TODAY1 C]TA9 ECONOMIC TR5DS SEEM TO 9DICATE ?AT ! RUL+ CLASS HAS BECOME 9CREAS+LY CONC]N$ ) DRAW+ A QUICK FIX ( MASS PR(IT AT ! PRICE ( /EADY LONG T]M 9CREASES4 ,T[>DS ?IS 5D1 IT SEEMS ?AT A SUB/ANTIAL NUMB] ( ! PLUTOCRACY1 AS EXPRESS$ ?R\< !IR POLITICAL LACKEYS1 HAS =GOTT5 ! WEAKNESSES ( CLASSICAL CAPITALISM1 & !RE=E HAS EMB>K$ UPON A C\RSE ( /REAML9+ DOME/IC WORK=CES 7D[NSIZ+_/LAY(FS71 CUTT+ BACK ( SOCIAL B5EFITS 7D5TAL1 M$ICAL1 ETC471 & FACILITAT$ A /AGNATION ( REAL WAGES4 ,!RE=E1 ! PRES5T SOCIAL REALM IS M>K$ NOT BY TWO COMPET+ SOCIAL VISIONS 7ONE /ATUS-QUO1 ONE REVOLUTION>Y71 BUT ?REE2 ! ?IRD BE+ A REGRESSIVE VISION ( CAPITALISM4 ,!SE MORE REC5T TR5DS HAVE MOTIVAT$ C]TA9 SECTORS ( ! CONSUM]-WORK+ CLASS RANK & FILE TO TAKE C]TA9 BASIC /&S AGA9/ A P]CEIV$ CUTBACK 9 !IR SOCIAL POSITIONS4 ,:ILE !SE RUMBL+S 9 & ( !MSELVES >E (T5 NO MORE ?AN %ORTSI<T$ COMPLA9TS DIRECT$ AGA9/ ?OSE :O W\LD *ALL5GE !IR /ATUS QUO AS CONSUM]S1 !Y ALSO >E 9DICATIVE ( A DEVELOP+ SOCIAL UNEAS9ESS4 ,= ! CONSUM]-WORK] IS 9CREAS+LY BE+ $UCAT$ TO ! AU?ORIT>IAN1 AB/RACT1 & ANTISOCIAL WAYS & MEANS ( ! COMMODIFI$ SOCIETY4 ,!Y >E MORE & MORE AW>E ?AT ! BASIC F\NDATIONS ( SOCIETY >E NOT GE>$ = !M1 BUT RA!R DIRECT$ AT !M ONLY 9ASMU* AS !Y >E CONSID]$ OBJECTS ( MANIPULATION FROM P[]S ABOVE4 ,IT IS MADE MORE & MORE OBVI\S ?AT ! BASIC ME*ANISMS ( SOCIETY >E NOT CONTROLL$ BY !M2 !Y >E DIRECT$ AGA9/ !M4 ,AS SU*1 !SE REALIZATIONS BECOME 9CREAS+LY TANGIBLE AS ?IS REGRESSIVE CAPITALI/ TR5D IS RESPONSIBLE = NUM]\S LAPSES 9 COMMODITY-CONSUM] PROCESS4 ,& H]E1 SOME WORK]S WILL 9EVITABLY REA* ! LOGICAL & EMOTIVE CONCLUSION ?AT SU* AN ECONOMIC PROCESS IS ULTIMATELY NOT CONGRU5T ) A MORE NATURALLY MEAN+FUL1 B5EFICIAL1 & DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY4 ,!SE BACKSLIDES 9EVITABLY ACT AS A K9D ( SOCIAL %OCK !RAPY1 :OSE \TCOME WILL BE ! DELIV]+ ( L>G] SECTIONS ( ! WORK+ POPULATION TO ! SIDE ( REVOLUTION4 ,?AT'S NOT TO SAY ?AT !SE ANTI-WORK] TR5DS %\LD BE 5C\RAG$ OR JU/IFI$ BY WAY ( SOME LONG T]M REVOLUTION>Y PROGRAM4 ,!Y HURT LABOR+ PEOPLE 9 ! H]E & N[1 & !RE=E1 WORK+ CLASS REVOLUTION>IES MU/ L5D !IR H& 9 RESI/+ !SE ATTACKS4 ,TO DO O!RWISE W\LD RESULT 9 ! REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5T BECOM+ DISCR$IT$ 9 ! EYES ( ! MASSES4 ,AS SU*1 ?IS IS A DANG] :I* %\LD BE AVOID$4 ,BUT /ILL1 ?IS TR5D MU/ BE RECOGNIZ$ = :AT IT IS2 ULTIMATELY AS A CONDITION AID+ 9 ! RADICALIZATION ( ! MASSES4 

,H[EV]1 :ILE ?IS IS A V]Y MEAN+FUL TR5D1 IT %\LD NOT BE UTILIZ$ AS A PRACTICAL MEANS FROM :I* TO RE9VIGORATE CLASSICAL !ORIES ( REVOLUTION :I* >E PRIM>ILY BAS$ ON A MASS MAT]IAL DEPRIVATION4 ,= ! FACT ?AT !SE LAPSES BECOME NOTICEABLE1 ! FACT ?AT !Y BECOME P>T ( A REVOLUTION>Y EQUATION1 PO9T TO ! REALITY ?AT !Y REPRES5T BREAKS ) ! PR$OM9ANT SOCIAL PROCESS AS OPPOS$ TO ITS NORM4 ,= ! MODUS OP]&I ( CONTEMPOR>Y CAPITALISM IS COMMODIFICATION & CONSUM]ISM4 ,& ) SU* BE+ ! CASE1 A GREATLY 9T5SIFI$ ALI5ATION1 & NOT POV]TY 7AL?\< POV]TY IS /ILL A /RONG MOTIVAT+ =CE71 BECOMES ! PRIM>Y MOTIVATION T[>DS SOCIAL REVOLUTION4 ,& AGA91 IT IS ?IS MASS ALI5ATION :I* MU/ GIVE RISE TO C]TA9 CONDITIONS :I* 9EVITABLY MU/ ACC\NT = ITS EV5TUAL SOCIAL TRANSC5D5CE4 ,ALI5ATION CREATES ITS [N =M ( REVOLUTION>Y BREA*ES4 

,SECTION ,I,I,I 

,C\NT]CULTURE AS ,SOCIAL ,REVOLUTION 

,! 9CREASE 9 MASS ALI5ATION HAS OP5$ A NEW 7OR RA!R MORE MATURE7 SOCIAL FRONT )9 ! CONT9U+ REVOLUTION>Y /RUGGLE4 ,= ! RISE ( RADICAL COMMODIFICATION & CONSUM]ISM HAS OCCURR$ ALONGSIDE ! RISE ( C\NT]CULTURE4 ,?IS IS NO CO9CID5CE4 ,C\NT]CULTURE 7CC7 IS A NATURAL REACTION AGA9/ ?IS SY/EM & IS ALSO ! LIV+ EMBODIM5T ( ! CLASS CONSCI\S SOCIAL REVOLUTION4.<#c#a.> ,IT DEVELOPS AS A NATURAL ANSW] TO ! 9T5SIFI$ ALI5ATION BR\<T ON BY ?IS SY/EM4 ,C\NT]CULTURE BECOMES ! LIV+ REBEL BASE PEOPL$ BY ?OSE 7MO/ (T5 FROM ! POOR1 WORK+ CLASS1 & DECLASS$ POPULATION7 :O BECOME OR >E MADE CONSCI\SLY AW>E ( ! BASIC FALLACIES & OPPRESSIVE NATURE ( ! L>G] SOCIAL_/ECONOMIC SY/EM4 

,MASS EXPRESSIONS 9 C\NT]CULTURE FIR/ EM]G$ 9 ,NOR? ,AM]ICA ) ! ,BEATS ( ! LATE #a#i#dS TO E>LY #a#i#fS4 ,!N AGA9 C\NT]CULTURE EM]G$ ) ! HIPPIE_/RADICAL MOVEM5T ( ! #a#i#fS & #gS4 ,! MID_/LATE-#gS BR\<T PUNK4 ,TODAY WE HAVE A C\NT]CULTURE ?AT IS A K9D ( SYN!SIS ( PREVI\SLY DISJO9$ BRAN*ES4 ,!RE IS NO SNAPPY NAME = \R COMMUNITY1 BUT IT CLE>LY C>RIES )9 IT C]TA9 ELEM5TS ( PUNK1 HIPPIE1 & O!R C\NT]-MODES ( BE+4 ,?IS IS NOT SURPRIS+ AS ! DEM>CATION ( ?IS TIME AS BE+ ! 5D ( ONE C5TURY_/MILL5NIUM1 & ! BEG9N+ ( A NEW ONE1 SUBJECTIVELY SEEMS TO SP>K A K9D ( SOCIAL REEVALUATION ( PA/ ]AS4 ,H]E1 ?IS AGE IS ALSO IS M>K$ BY A SYN!SIS ( /YLES1 ?\<TS & DREAMS4 ,9 ?IS WE TRULY >E A PEOPLE 9 BETWE5 TIMES2 9 BETWE5 ! DEA? ( AN OLD SY/EM & A BIR? ( A NEW4 

,C\NT]CULTURE1 AS ! ABOVE 9DICATES1 ASSUMES DIFF]5T V>IATIONS AT DIFF]5T TIMES4 ,IT DIES & !N IS REBORN AS A =M] 9C>NATION IS EI!R CO-OPT$ OR SIMPLY NO LONG] ES!TICALLY EXPRESSES ! P>TICUL>ITIES ( ! PRES5T AGE4 ,H[EV]1 AS LONG AS ! GREAT] SOCIETY :I* IT IS PITT$ AGA9/ /ILL EXI/S1 ! CONDITIONS :I* DEM&$ ITS 9ITIAL EM]G5CE WILL /ILL BE PRES5T4 ,H5CE1 ! P>TICUL> DEA? ( ANY ONE =M ( C\NT]CULTURE IS ULTIMATELY 9CONSEQU5TIAL 9S(> AS ! EM]G5CE ( A NEW P>TICUL> 9C>NATION NECESS>ILY WILL FOLL[4.<#c#b.> 

,SOCIOLOGICALLY1 C\NT]CULTURE MANIFE/S ITSELF 9 A CONSCI\S & ORGANIC UNITY ( ALL ?OSE ACTIVITIES ?AT CON/ITUTE ! NATURAL1 LIFE AFFIRM+1 HUMAN ID5TITY4 ,SOCIAL RELATIONS1 H\S+ >RANGEM5TS1 ECONOMY1 RECREATION1 >T & F9ALLY POLITICS >E ALL 9CORPORAT$ 9TO ONE UNIT$1 AL?\< DIV]SE1 ALT]NATIVE COMMUNITY4 ,AS ?IS COMMUNITY MATURES1 SPECIFIC MORES1 /YLE1 & TRADITIONS DEVELOP4 ,! B9D+ FACTOR LIES SIMPLY 9 ! CONSCI\S RECOGNITION ( ! COMMON REJECTION ( RADICAL COMMODIFICATION1 CONSUM]ISM1 & AU?ORIT>IANISM4 ,9 ?IS A SI/]_/BRO!RHOOD IS =M$ :I* IS 9H]5TLY AN>*I/IC & IS ?AT ( ! C\NT]CULTURE4.<#c#c.> 

,?IS CULTURE IS ONLY C\NT] 9 RELATION TO ! PR$OM9ANT CULTURE ( ! COMMODITY-CONSUM] :I* ITS EXI/5CE ASSUMES & )9 :OSE BORD]S ( DOM9ANCE IT FUNCTIONS4 ,)\T SU* ANO!R1 IT SIMPLY IS NATURAL1 LIB]AT$1 CULTURE4 ,BUT1 9 ! CONTEXT 9 :I* WE H]E DISCUSS C\NT]CULTURE1 WE MU/ UND]/& IT AS MORE ?AN SIMPLY AN OPPOSITION ) ! AIM ( DOM9ANCE4 ,= ! PR$OM9ANT CULTURE ( ! PO/-9DU/RIAL AGE IS ?AT ( AN AB/RACT & HI]>*ICAL SOCIAL SY/EM4 ,! COMMON =M ( ?IS SY/EM IS F\ND 9 ! MO/ CONTEMPOR>Y MODES ( CAPITALISM 7AL?\< IT IS NOT LIMIT$ TO IT7 & ) IT ! COMPLETE COMMODIFICATION ( SOCIETY4 ,9 %ORT1 ! PR$OM9ANT CULTURE IS ?AT ( EXPLOITATION1 OPPRESSION1 & 9T5SE ALI5ATION4 ,IT IS A =C$ TOTALITY SPECIFICALLY DEF9$ BY ! COMMODITY & ! PROCESS ( CONSUMPTION4 

,9 ?IS CONTEXT C\NT]CULTURE CAN ONLY LIVE UP TO ITS BILL IF IT REJECTS ?IS TOTALITY4 ,IT IS ?IS TOTALITY :I* NECESSITATES ! LEVELS ( SOCIAL ALI5ATION :I* 9 TURN GIVE RISE TO C\NT]CULTURE4 ,?US1 BY VIRTUE ( ITS V]Y EXI/5CE1 C\NT]CULTURE IS CON/ITUT$ AS AN OPPOSITIONAL =CE POSIT$ AGA9/ ITS SOCIALLY DOM9ANT O!R4 ,9 ?IS IT IS A DE/RUCTIVE =CE4 ,H[EV]1 = IT TO DO SO IT MU/ CREATIVELY CON/RUCT 7OR UNE>?7 AS WELL4 ,! BASIS UPON :I* ?IS CREATIVE PROCESS MU/ BE BUILT IS ! UNITY ( HUMAN DIGNITY & SOLID>ITY AS IMPLI$ BY ! ACT ( REBELLION4 

0,IT IS = ! SAKE ( EV]YONE 9 ! WORLD ?AT ! SLAVE ASS]TS HIMSELF :5 HE COMES TO ! CONCLUSION ?AT A COMM& HAS 9FR+$ ON SOME?+ 9 HIM :I* DOES NOT BELONG TO HIM ALONE1 BUT :I* IS COMMON GR\ND :]E ALL M5--EV5 ! MAN :O 9SULTS & OPPRESSES HIM--HAVE A NATURAL COMMUNITY40 

--,ALB]T ,CAMUS.<#c#d.> 

,)\T COMMITT+ TO SU* A CON/RUCTION C\NT]CULTURE W\LD FAIL TO *ALL5GE ! VOID UPON :I* ! ALL OPPRESSIVE SY/EMS RE/4 ,9 SU*1 ANY APP>5T VICTORY W\LD BE FALSE AS ! DEA? ( ! P>TICUL> TEMPORAL =M ( AN OPPRESSIVE SY/EM W\LD AM\NT TO LITTLE MORE ?AN ITS REEM]G5CE 9 A NEW P>TICUL> =M4 ,9 %ORT IT MU/ POSIT A CON/RUCTIVE CLAIM OR FAIL TO ADDRESS ! PREMISES ?AT ! SY/EM RE/S UPON4 ,C\NT]CULTURE MU/ BE1 & 9 FACT IS1 BO? DE/RUCTIVE & CREATIVE AT ! SAME TIME4 

0,! URGE TO DE/ROY IS ALSO A CREATIVE URGE40 

--,MIKHAIL ,BAKUN9 

,C\NT]CULTURE1 9 \R PRES5T CONTEXT1 MU/ BE UND]/OOD NOT ONLY CONTRA ! PRES5T =M ( ,CAPITALISM1 BUT ALSO = A LIB]AT$ SOCIETY FREE ( ! >BITR>9ESS ( MA/]S & SLAVES4 ,! C\NT]CULTURE IS ANTI-HI]>*ICAL :ILE BE+ = ! CONSECRATION ( A NEW SOCIETY ( FULLY ACTUALIZ$ HUMAN BE+S4.<#c#e.> ,FUR!RMORE1 AS A CREATIVE =CE1 IT MU/ ACTUALLY CREATE4 ,IF IT DOES NO MORE ?AN PO/ULATE1 !N IT IS NO MORE ?AN A CRITICISM1 & A CRITICISM ALONE DOES NOT QUALIFY AS A CULTURE 7BE IT A C\NT]CULTURE OR O!RWISE74 ,9 ! ACT ( CREAT+1 IT ATTEMPTS TO REALIZE ?OSE NEW SOCIAL RELATIONS ?AT ! FALL ( ! PRES5T SY/EM WILL MAKE FULLY REALIZABLE4 ,9 ?IS RESPECT C\NT]CULTURE IS A LIB]AT+ SOCIAL EXP]IM5T4 ,IT IS 0! =MATION ( A NEW SOCIETY FROM )9 ! %ELL ( ! OLD40.<#c#f.> ,IT IS ! =MATION ( ! SOCIAL REVOLUTION BE=E ?AT ( ! POLITICAL REVOLUTION4 

,H[EV]1 AT ?IS PO9T IT IS M>K$ ) A CONTRADICTION1 = AS LONG AS IT IS A C\NT]CULTURE1 IT IS LIMIT$ BY ! REPRESSIVE =CES ( RADICAL COMMODIFICATION1 CONSUM]ISM & ! ,/ATE4 ,9 ?IS IT IS IMPELL$ TO COMMIT C]TA9 9T]NAL CONTRADICTIONS = ! SAKE ( SURVIVAL4 ,IT MU/ ABIDE BY C]TA9 OPPRESSIVE LAWS OR AT ! V]Y LEA/ FUNCTION SEMI-UND]GR\ND TO ESCAPE C]TA9 RE/RA9TS4 ,BUT EV5 UND]GR\ND IT IS COMPROMIS$4 ,! LONG >M ( ! COMMODITY EXT5DS TO ALL CORN]S 7SOME LESS ?AN O!RS74 ,9 SU* A SOCIETY1 !RE IS NO COMPLETE SEP>AT5ESS FROM !SE RE/RICTIVE TRAITS4 ,BUT !SE LIMITATIONS DO NOT RELEGATE ! C\NT]CULTURE'S EXI/5CE TO AN ABSURDITY4 ,RA!R1 IT IS !SE LIMITATIONS :I* LI<T ! FIRE ( CREATIVITY4 ,= TO F9D DIGNITY & AFFIRMATION ?R\< ! CREATION ( AN ALT]NATIVE COMMUNITY DESPITE ! DOM9ATE OPPOSITION IS TRULY DYNAMIC4 ,SU* LIMITATIONS IMPEL ! HUMAN M9D TO EXP& ITS COGNITIVE ABILITY1 & 9 ?IS CONSCI\SNESS IS %>P5$4 ,FUR!RMORE1 ! LIMITATIONS TO ITS FULL ACTUALIZATION IS ! IMPETUS TO ITS DE/RUCTIVE ASPECT4 ,IT MU/ NECESS>ILY SEEK ! ]ADICATION ( ?AT OPPOS+ =CE AS ! CONDITION ( ITS COM+ 9TO FULL BE+4 ,9 ?IS IT IS MORE ?AN A DECISION TO ORGANIZE 9 A P>TICUL> MANN]2 ,IT IS A REVOLUTION>Y =CE4 ,?US C\NT]CULTURE CANNOT BE JUDG$ PURELY BY ITS CONTRADICTIONS4 ,IT MU/ BE JUDG$ 9 REG>DS TO :AT IT KN[+LY PO9TS TO1 & TO ! EXT5T ?AT IT /RET*ES ! LIMITATIONS ( ! PR$OM9ANT CULTURE4 

,! C\NT]CULTURE IS NOT A SUBCULTURE1 AS A SUB-CULTURE IS NO?+ MORE ?AN A V>IANT ( ! DOM9ANT CULTURE 9S(> AS IT FAILS TO REJECT ! BASIC T5ANTS ( SU*4 ,IT M]ELY RE>RANGES ! DETAIL 9 ORD] TO CREATE ! DESIR$ ILLUSION4 ,A SUBCULTURE /OPS AT E/ABLI%+ ITS ID5TITY AS QUANTITATIVELY DIFF]5T FROM ! PRES5T SY/EM1 BUT 9 DO+ IT FAILS TO BECOME QUALITATIVELY DIFF]5T FROM IT4 ,AT C]TA9 TIMES A SUBCULTURE CAN BE MI/AK5 = C\NT]CULTURE 9 ?AT IT MAY EXHIBIT SIMIL> BEHAVIOR & LANGUAGE TO ?AT ( ! C\NT]CULTURE 9 RELATION TO ! DOM9ANT SY/EM4 ,BUT1 IT IS M]ELY EXHORT+ A CLAIM TO ! ?RONE )\T CALL+ ! 9/ITUTION ( ! ?RONE 9TO QUE/ION4 ,IT MAY COMPETE ) ! DOM9ANT CULTURE1 BUT ITS VICTORY TRANSLATES 9TO ITSELF BECOM+ ITS =M] 5EMY4 ,SU* *ANG+ ( ! GU>D DOES NO MORE ?AN RE9VIGORATE ?AT :I* IS ALREADY 5TR5*$4 

,SUBCULTURES :I* DO NOT SEEK TO TRANSPLANT !MSELVES TO ! SEATS ( P[]1 >E NO MORE ?AN GLORIFI$ FAN CLUBS4 ,!Y >E 9COMPLETE OR ESCAPI/ AT BE/1 & SOCIAL ORGANS ( 5EMY COLLABORATION AT WOR/4 ,!Y >E NOT C\NT]4 

,LIKEWISE1 A C\NT]CULTURE :I* BEG9S TO DEMON/RATE !SE ABOVE TRAITS BECOMES DEG5]ATIVE1 & H5CE MU/ CEASE TO BE CONSID]$ A REVOLUTION>Y ORGAN4 ,H]E1 9 ITS DIM9I%$ /ATE1 IT BECOMES JU/ ANO!R SUBCULTURE4 

,ON ! O!R H&1 A HEAL?Y & FUNCTION+ C\NT]CULTURE REPRES5TS A LEGITIMATE ?REAT TO ! PR$OM9ANT CULTURE 9 ?AT ! LEGITIMATE C\NT]CULTURE'S EXPANSION NECESSITATES A WEAK5+ ( ITS 5EMY'S HOLD OV] ! SOCIAL & SUBJECTIVE REALM4 ,! 5EMY SY/EM SURVIVES FIR/ BY ! COMMON BELIEF 9 ITS FALSE UNITY & SECOND BY ITS REPRESSIVE 9/ITUTION 7I4E4 POLICE & >MY74 ,& HI/ORY HAS %[N ! SECOND ( ! TWO TO BE 9ADEQUATE 9 ULTIMATELY MA9TA9+ DOM9ANCE ) ! LACK ( ! O!R4 ,! PRES5T OPPRESSIVE SY/EM RECOGNIZES ! DANG] POS$ BY C\NT]CULTURE & IS ?US COMPELL$ TO TAKE MOVES TO NEUTRALIZE IT4 ,ITS FIR/ L9E ( ATTACK IS 9DOCTR9ATION ?R\< $UCATION1 M$IA1 & ADV]TISEM5T4 ,?IS MEASURE MAY PROLONG ! DAY ( RECKON+ BUT ULTIMATELY IT IS NOT 5\< 9 ! FACE ( CONT9U+ EXP]I5TIAL OPPRESSION & ALI5ATION4 ,! ESS5TIAL LIE ( ! SY/EM & ! 9T5SIFI$ ALI5ATION ( ! GREAT MAJORITY CONT9UALLY RESULTS 9 MORE P]SONS FROM ! DOM9AT$ CLASSES BECOM+ DISILLUSION$ ) ! CURR5T P>ADIGM4 ,AS DISCUSS$ ABOVE1 LAPSES 9 CONT9UITY DO OCCUR = NUM]\S REASONS1 & IT IS DUR+ SU* LAPSES ?AT ! PROCESS ( CONSUM]ISM IS UNMASK$ AS A PROCESS DEVOID ( NATURAL SOCIAL WOR?4 ,9 %ORT1 ! REGUL> UNEAS9ESS ( ! SUBS]VI5T & ALI5AT$ 9DIVIDUAL_/CLASS NECESSITATES A C]TA9 ANXIETY :I* (T5 IMPELS ! AFFECT$ P]SON TO QUE/ION ! ULTIMATE UTILITY ( ! DOM9ANT PROCESS_/SY/EM4 ,AT SU* A PO9T IT IS ONLY REASONABLE TO EXPECT ?AT P]SON TO CONSID] ALT]NATIVE MODES ( SOCIAL 9T]ACTION :I* APPE> TO (F] A MORE HEAL?Y SOCIAL REALITY4 ,9 ?AT CAPACITY1 ! ACTUAL C\NT]CULTURE IS VIEW$ AS AN OPTION :I* ! AFFECT$ P]SON CAN CONSID]4 ,ITS APPEAL WILL ( C\RSE LIE 9 ITS ALT]NATIVE SOCIAL PR9CIPALS1 /R5G!N$ BY ! FACT ?AT IT /&S AS A FUNCTION+1 O/5SIBLE1 & 9VALUABLE EXAMPLE4 ,H]E C\NT]CULTURE CAN BE EXPECT$ TO GR[ 9 PROPORTION TO ?IS ONGO+ TR5D4 ,! RATE ( C\NT]-CULTURAL GR[? MU/ 9CREASE AS MORE P]SONS >E 9CLUD$ 9 ITS COMPOSITION1 OR AT LEA/ SYMPA!TIC ) ITS REVOLUTION>Y VISION1 NECESS>ILY RESULTS 9 ! DISSEM9ATION ( ITS BASIC LIFE AFFIRM+ MESSAGE AT FA/] RATES & ) MORE PREVAL5CE ?R\<\T SOCIETY4 

,?IS IS NOT TO IMPLY ?AT WE >E HEAD$ = A SOCIETY :]E ! OLD CREW CUT & BLUE COLL> %IRT IS ALTOGE!R SUB/ITUT$ = MOHAWKS1 PONYTAILS1 & NIPPLE R+S4 ,%IT1 IT'S NOT EV5 TO SAY ?AT ! ODD ATTRACTION ( ,FRANK ,S9ATRA WILL COMPLETELY GIVE WAY TO ,JOAN ,BAEZ1 ,! ,:O1 ,BAD ,BRA9S1 OR ,CRASS4 ,IT'S ONLY TO SAY ?AT ! EM]G+ CULTURE ( LIFE 7C\NT]CULTURE7 WILL BEG9 TO EX]T SOMETIMES OBVI\S1 SOMETIMES SUBTLE 9FLU5CE OV] ! DAY TO DAY REALITY & \TLOOK ( ! AV]AGE WORK]4 ,ULTIMATELY IT'S NOT ANY MORE IMPORTANT TO ! DOM9ANT CULTURE IF ! LABOR] WE>S A ,J4 ,$G> ,HOOV] BUTTON TO WORK & SLEEPS UND] AN ,AM]ICAN FLAG ?AN IT IS TO ! REVOLUTION>Y WORK] TO DON TATTOOS1 COMBAT BOOTS1 & PI]C+S4 ,ALL ?AT IS IMPORTANT IS ?AT ! MASS ( WORK]S BEG9 TO VIEW !MSELVES AS P>T ( A LIV+ CULTURE :I*1 ?\< PRES5TLY SITUAT$ 9 A MORE DOM9ANT CULTURE1 IS 9H]5TLY CONTRA ! BASIC PREMISES ( ITS W\LD-BE MA/]4 ,9 O!R WORDS1 IT'S A MATT] ( LEAN+S REG>D+ ID5TITY4 ,= C\NT]CULTURE DOES NOT REPRES5T A ?REAT 9SOMU* AS ITS C\NT] 9/ITUTIONS SEEK TO REPLACE ! /ATUS QUO 7AL?\< TO A LESS] DEGREE ?IS IS ALSO TRUE74 ,ITS REAL ?REAT IS ?AT ITS V]Y EXAMPLE CAN *ALL5GE ! /ATE SANCTION$ BELIEF SY/EM4 ,AS ALREADY /AT$1 ! PRES5T SY/EM ( COMMODIFICATION-CONSUM]ISM PRIM>ILY RE/S UPON MASS BELIEF4 ,IF C\NT]CULTURE CAN SUBV]T ?AT BELIEF1 ! PRES5T P>ADIGM CAN BE EXPECT$ TO DE/ABILIZE4 ,H5CE1 C\NT]CULTURE1 BY VIRTUE ( ITS EXI/5CE1 CONTA9S )9 IT AN ELEM5T OR MEANS ( MASS LIB]ATION4.<#c#g.> 

,?IS PROCESS ( MASS LIB]ATION HAS ALREADY BEGUN4 ,H[ MANY FACTORY WORK]S ALREADY LI/5 TO ,JIMI ,H5DRIX1 ,BLACK ,SABBA?1 ,! ,/OOGES1 ,! ,CLA%1 OR ,RAGE ,AGA9/ ,! ,MA*9E8 ,H[ MANY ALREADY TAKE P>T 9 ELEM5TS ( C\NT]CULTURE1 ALL ! :ILE DESIR+ MORE8 ,9 A WORD1 C\NT]CULTURE1 ASIDE FROM ITS MORE PURITANICAL DEF9ITIONS1 IS MORE DIV]SE & SUBTLE !N MANY W\LD LIKE TO GIVE IT CR$IT =4 ,ITS CURR5TS1 LIKE ?AT ( ! DOM9ANT CULTURE1 MOVE ?R\< MANY LEVELS ( SOCIETY4 ,IT SEEKS TO HELP FACILITATE ! FRE$OM ( ALL PEOPLE1 UNLIKE ! DOM9ANT CULTURE :I* SEEKS TO MAKE PEOPLE AS DOCILE AS !Y >E DRONE-LIKE4 

,H]E IT MU/ BE /AT$ ?AT SU* AN EXPANSION ( C\NT]CULTURE WILL NOT TAKE PLACE PURELY BY HI/ORICALLY DET]M9I/IC MEANS4 ,SU* A BUILD+ ( POPUL> BASE MU/ BE ACTIVELY COAX$ BY P]SONS )9 C\NT]CULTURE4 ,IF C\NT]CULTURE SIMPLY WAS TO EXI/ AS AN ISOLAT$ COMMUNITY SECURE 9 ! NOTION ?AT IT W\LD P]SEV]E ) OR )\T CAMPAIGNS ( CONC]T$ \TREA*1 IT W\LD DIE ON ! V9E ( PASSIVE ISOLATIONISM4 ,ALL ?+S BE+ EQUAL1 MAYBE ?IS W\LD NOT BE ! CASE4 ,H[EV]1 ALL ?+S >E NOT EQUAL4 ,! PR$OM9ANT CULTURE ACTIVELY SEEKS TO MA9TA9 ITS PSY*OLOGICAL DOM9ANCE1 & LIKEWISE V>I\S SUBCULTURES ROOT$ 9 RELIGION1 FASCISM & ! LIKE ACTIVELY SEEK TO DIV]T POPUL> DISCONT5T 9TO !IR BASES ( SUPPORT4 ,= !SE REASONS1 C\NT]CULTURE CANNOT RE/ ON ITS LAURELS4 ,IT MU/ SEEK WAYS TO BUILD 9ROADS 9TO ! COMMON EXP]I5CE ( ! COMMON WO_/MAN4 ,IT MU/ MA9TA9 A DIALECTICAL RELATION ) ?OSE MASSES /ILL NOT CONSCI\SLY BR\<T OV] TO ! SOCIAL REVOLUTION4 ,C\NT]CULTURE MU/ POSITION ITSELF SQU>ELY )9 ! L>G] POOR & WORK+ CLASS COMMUNITIES4 ,IT MU/ SUPPORT !M 9 !IR DAY TO DAY /RUGGLES EV5 :5 ?OSE /RUGGLES DO NOT TAKE AIM AT ! ROOT ( OPPRESSION & ALI5ATION4 ,ALL ! :ILE1 IT MU/ PROVIDE A SUFFICI5T & ACCESSIBLE REVOLUTION>Y CRITIQUE ( !SE COMMON PROBLEMS4 ,IT MU/ AGITATE4 ,EV5 SO1 IT IS NOT 5\< TO BE IMM]S$ 9 ! POLITICAL FIELD4 ,9 FACT1 ! POLITICAL FIELD MU/ BE UND]/OOD AS SECOND>Y TO ?AT ( ! SOCIAL_/CULTURAL FIELD4 ,= IT WILL NOT BE ?R\< CREAT+ ?+S SU* AS A LIV+ WAGE ?AT ! MASSES WILL BE FULLY BR\<T OV] TO \R SIDE 7!IR NATURAL SIDE74 ,IT WILL BE ?R\< ! COMMON ID5TIFICATION ( >T1 LIT]ATURE1 MUSIC1 SOCIAL HAPP5+S1 & REAL FRI5D%IP4 ,!SE >E ?+S :I* T\* A P]SON DIRECTLY & COMMUNICATE A VISION ( FRE$OM & CAM>AD]IE4 ,IT IS ?R\< SU* A CONNECTION ?AT MORE PEOPLE WILL COME TO ID5TIFY !MSELVES AS P]SONS )9 A COMMON CULTURE ( /RUGGLE1 CREATIVITY1 & FUTURE LIB]ATION4 

,! POLITICAL FIELD1 :ILE NECESS>Y 9ASMU* AS ! POLITICAL HOLDS LEGITIMATE IMPORTANCE 9 ONE'S LIFE1 MU/ BE UND]/OOD AS PRIM>Y TO A LESS] DEGREE 9 ?AT SU* ACTIVITIES (T5 TRANSLATE 9TO NOTIONS ( 'ALLIANCES'1 'COMMON FRONTS1' ETC41 & !SE CONCEPTS /ILL IMPLY A C]TA9 DEGREE ( TEMPOR>9ESS & SEP>AT5ESS & >E NOT G5]ALLY RESPONSIBLE = IDEAS ( CULTURAL COMMONALITY4 ,!Y >E PROVISIONAL AS OPPOS$ TO COMMUNAL4 ,ON !IR [N !Y MAY FO/] ISSUE BY ISSUE VICTORIES 7:I* IS GOOD71 BUT NOT AN ORGANIC CONCEPT ( UNITY ?R\< COOP]ATIVE COMMUNITIES4 ,:ILE !Y >E NECESS>Y1 !Y >E ALSO 9COMPLETE4 

,C\NT]CULTURE CANNOT BE CONT5T TO LIVE ON ! FR+ES ( ! MORE DOM9ANT EXPLOITIVE CULTURE4 ,TO DO SO W\LD BE NO MORE ?AN ESCAPISM1 & H5CE ! P]CEIV$ C\NT]CULTURE W\LD1 9 ACTUALITY1 BE NO MORE ?AN A SUBCULTURE ) A V5E] ( ANG/4 ,ULTIMATELY !RE COMES A TIME :5 ?IS NATURAL 5EMY ( ANTISOCIAL /RUCTURES MU/ ATTEMPT TO SURM\NT ! PALISADES ( OPPRESSION4 ,IT MU/ SEEK TO DE/ROY ?AT :I* PREV5TS IT FROM DEVELOP+ 9 ITS MORE MATURE =MS4 

,)9 SU* A C\NT]CULTURE IT IS ONLY NATURAL ?AT C]TA9 PEOPLE WILL C>RY ! BALL 9 ?IS DIRECTION4 ,& IT IS H]E ?AT SPECIFIC PEOPLE & COLLECTIVES WILL ORGANICALLY KEY 9 ON REVOLUTION>Y POLITICAL ACTION AK9 TO ?AT PRES5TLY DEMON/RAT$ BY ,E>? ,LIB]ATION ,FRONT CELLS ON ! ONE H& & ! AN>*I/ ,BLACK ,BLOC ON ! O!R4 ,H]E IT CANNOT BIDE ITS TIME & WAIT = ! P]FECT MOM5T4 ,IT MU/ LA% \T AT ITS O!R AS A BASIC MEANS ( ITS POLITICAL EXPRESSION4 ,IT MU/ TRANSC5D ITS RELATIVE PASSIVITY ?R\< ! VIOL5T RESI/ANCE ( ITS [N REPRESSION AS WELL AS ! REPRESSION DIRECT$ AGA9/ ! POOR & WORK+ CLASSES AS A :OLE4 ,& 9 SU*1 IT A*IEVES AN HONE/Y :I* PROGRESSIVE IMPO/ORS CANNOT READILY PROVIDE4 ,?IS IS ONE =M ( ITS DIRECT POLITICAL EXPRESSION4 ,IT IS DIFF]5T FROM MU* ( ITS O!R POLITICAL ACTIVITY :I* (T5 C5T]S >\ND PIECEMEAL ISSUES & COMMUNITY \TREA*4 ,IT IS ANIMAT$ BY ITS [N REVOLUTION>Y ASPIRATIONS4 ,& H]E IT H>D5S ITSELF BY EXP]I5C+ PORTIONS ( DIRECT1 UNAB/RACT$ /RUGGLE ) FACETS ( ITS 5EMY4 ,?IS & PRISON SUPPORT = ITS JAIL$ COMRADES BECOME ITS MO/ DIRECT L9ES ( POLITICAL EXPRESSION4 

,FUR!RMORE1 BY NOT LIMIT+ ITSELF TO LIB]AL DOGMATIC TACTICS1 IT FUR!R REA*ES 9TO ! HE>TS ( ! YET 9CLUD$ POOR & WORK+ CLASS1 :O R>ELY C\LD DIG ! HORSE%IT ( RESPECTABLE PROTE/ & PACIFISM4 ,9 ESS5CE1 IT DEVELOPS ITS [N MEANS1 & LIMITS ITSELF TO ?AT :I* PROVES EFFECTIVE1 BO? 9 REG>DS TO OBJECTIVE GOALS1 & SUBJECTIVE 7NON-ALI5AT$7 NE$S4 ,9 %ORT1 IT BECOMES AN OPPOSITIONAL =CE BY OPPOS+4 ,IT IS HONE/ 9 ITS OPPOSITION BY /RIK+ BACK ACCORD+ TO ! NECESSITY ( /RUGGLE1 SELF-DEF5SE1 & VICTORY4 ,IT IS ! PHYSICAL & POLITICAL EXPRESSION ( ! SELF-CONSCI\S POOR & WORK+ CLASS SOCIAL REVOLUTION2 C\NT]CULTURE 9 POLITICAL MOTION4 

,9 CONCLUSION1 IT IS )9 ! ABOVE SOCIAL CONTEXT ?AT ! ,NOR? ,AM]ICAN ,BLACK ,BLOC EM]GES4 ,9 IT IS AN IMPORTANT SPH]E ( CONFLICT BETWE5 A CULTURE ( DEA? 7COMMODIFICATION & CONSUM]ISM7 :I* 9CREAS+LY HAS NO:]E TO GO BUT D[N1 & ONE ( LIFE :I* MU/ /RUGGLE 9 ORD] TO REALIZE ITSELF 9 A SOCIETY ( COOP]ATION & CREATIVITY4 

,( C\RSE !RE >E MANY MORE TACTICAL1 PRACTICAL1 & !ORETICAL ISSUES :I* HAVE NOT BE5 ADDRESS$ 9 ! ABOVE WORK ?AT WE MU/ CONT9UE TO EXPLORE 9 ORD] TO REALIZE ! F9AL VICTORY ( ! REVOLUTION4 ,& ( C\RSE IT MAY BE NECESS>Y TO MODIFY OR EV5 DISREG>D OR REV]SE C]TA9 CLAIMS MADE ?R\<\T ! ABOVE ESSAY 7ABSOLUTISM IS = %I!ADS74 ,H[EV]1 IT HAS BE5 MY 9T5TION ?R\<\T ! ABOVE DOCUM5T TO MAP \T A MORE ?OR\< CONTEXT )9 :I* WE CAN FUR!R DEVELOP ! NECESS>Y UND]/&+S ( SOCIAL PROCESS & TRANS=MATION ?AT WILL BE REQUIR$ 9 ORD] TO BR+ A LIB]AT$ VICTORY )9 \R COLLECTIVE GRASP4 ,SO ,I TRU/ ! ABOVE MET ?IS TASK AT LEA/ 9 P>T1 & ,I LOOK =W>D TO ! ONGO+ CONV]SATION4 ,WELL *E]S = N[1 & ,I'LL BE SEE+ Y\ ON ! FRONT L9ES4 

,DAVID ,VAN ,DEUS5 

,GRE5 ,M\NTA9 ,AN>*I/ ,COLLECTIVE 

,V]MONT1 ,M>*1 #ba 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #bag 3 ,*APT] #a -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,APRIL #a#i1 #bb 3 ,*APT] #a -- ,ADD$4 

 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3  
HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/