,>E WE 9 ,FAV\R ( ,P5AL ,RE=M8 ,PEOPLE 3 ,AU?OR 3 ,COL9 ,W>D ,TEXT 3 ,! BIGGE/ S]VICE ?AT GOV]NM5TS HAVE DONE = ! CAUSE ( P5AL RE=M HAS BE5 9 IMPRISON+ W> RESI/]S2 = ITS EFFECT HAS (T5 BE5 TO GIVE !M A LIFELONG CONC]N ) PRISON & PRISON]S2 ALMO/ ALL ! AMELIORATIONS ( ! PRISON SY/EM 9 ?IS C\NTRY 9 ! LA/ =TY YE>S CAN BE TRAC$ 9 ONE WAY OR ANO!R TO !IR 9FLU5CE4 ,! IMPRISONM5T ( CONSCI5TI\S OBJECTORS 9 ! FIR/ ,WORLD ,W> L$ TO ! =MATION ( AN UN(FICIAL COMMITTEE1 ! ,PRISON ,SY/EM ,9QUIRY ,COMMITTEE1 :I* PRODUC$ 9 #aibb AN IMM5SELY 9FLU5TIAL REPORT1 ! #g-PAGE VOLUME ,5GLI% ,PRISONS ,TODAY1 $IT$ BY ,/EPH5 ,HOBH\SE & ,F5N] ,BROCKWAY4 ,?IS 0BIBLE = ! RE=M]S0 AS ,M>G]Y ,FRY CALL$ IT1 WAS COMPIL$ L>GELY FROM QUE/IONNAIRES COMPLET$ BY #bi EX-PRISON]S1 MO/LY CONSCI5TI\S OBJECTORS1 & BY FIFTY (FICIALS 7:I* RESULT$ 9 ! ,PRISON ,COMMISSION]S =BIDD+ ANY FUR!R DISCLOSURES BY PUBLIC S]VANTS74 ,DIRECT RESULTS ( ?IS 9QUIRY 7BESIDE ! 5D+ ( SEV]AL ( ! 9DIGNITIES ( PRISON LIFE LIKE ! BROAD >R[S & CONVICT CROP :I* /ILL CON/ITUTE ! C>TOONI/'S VIEW ( PRISON7 9CLUD$ ! 9CREASE ( 'ASSOCIATION' & AB&ONM5T TO A L>GE EXT5T ( ! 'SIL5CE RULE'4 ,BROCKWAY HIMSELF FOLL[$ ?IS WORK ) HIS BOOK ,A ,NEW ,WAY ,) ,CRIME 7#a#i#b#h71 ) ITS CONCLUD+ QUE/ION1 0,:5 %ALL WE BEG9 TO TREAT M5TAL & MORAL ILL-HEAL? AS WE TREAT PHYSICAL ILL-HEAL?80 ,! P>TIAL RE=MS ( ! #a#i#b'S H[EV]1 SEEM$ TO DAMP5 ! MILITANCY ( ! ,H[>D ,LEAGUE 7JU/ AS ! FAM\S REPORT ( ! ,GLAD/ONE ,COMMITTEE 9 ! #a#h#i'S HAD BE5 ACCOMPANI$ BY A COMPLAC5T SPIRIT 9 ITS PR$ECESSOR ! ,H[>D ,ASSOCIATION71 & 9 ! SECOND ,WORLD ,W>1 SEV]AL ( ! IMPRISON$ OBJECTORS ( ! FIR/ W> FEEL+ ?AT ! ,H[>D ,LEAGUE WAS 9SUFFICI5TLY ACTIVE & CRITICAL1 />T$ A NEW & %ORT-LIV$ G+] GR\P1 ! ,PRISON ,M$ICAL ,RE=M ,C\NCIL4 ,! ,LEAGUE ITSELF CIRCULAT$ A QUE/IONNAIRE 9 #aide TO #a EX-PRISON]S1 MO/LY CONSCI5TI\S OBJECTORS1 :OSE REPLIES W]E LAT] $IT$ BY ,M>K ,B5NEY AS ,JAIL ,DELIV]Y 7#a#i#d#h74 ,BUT ! MO/ RADICAL & DEEPLY IMPRESSIVE PRISON TE/IMONIES BY W>-RESI/]S ( ! SECOND ,WORLD ,W> CAME FROM ,AM]ICA1 BO? ( !M PUBLI%$ UND] AN>*I/-PACIFI/ AUSPICES4 ,!Y >E ,L[ELL ,NAEVE'S ,A ,FIELD ( ,BROK5 ,/ONES 7,LIB]T>IAN ,PRESS #a#i#e1 REPR9T$ #aif BY ,ALAN ,SWALL[1 ,D5V]71 & ,PRISON ,ETIQUETTE3 ,! CONVICTS COMP5DIUM ( USEFUL 9=MATION1 $IT$ BY ,HOLLEY ,CANT9E & ,DA*9E ,RA9] 7,RETORT ,PRESS #a#i#e1 NOT YET REPR9T$1 UN=TUNATELY74 ,! $ITORS ( ?IS BOOK EMPHASIZE ?AT 0ONE ?+ WE >E NOT TRY+ TO ACCOMPLI% IS PRISON RE=M0 & GO ON TO DECL>E ?AT ,WE REALIZE ?AT A BOOK ( ?IS SORT %\LD BE PRIM>ILY CONC]N$ ) TE*NIQUES = ESCAP+1 BUT UN=TUNATELY1 SU* TE*NIQUES >E NOT EASY TO COME BY1 = OBVI\S REASONS4 ,WE HAVE HAD TO CONT5T \RSELVES ) ! POOR SECOND BE/ ( RELAT+ ME?ODS BY :I* ONE'S /AY 9 PRISON CAN BE ALLEVIAT$ AS MU* AS POSSIBLE1 GIV+ AS WIDE A *OICE ( ALT]NATIVE ME?ODS AS POSSIBLE4 ,NOR DOES !IR BOOK SEEK 9 ANY WAY TO EXPLOIT = PUBLIC SYMPA?Y ! 'IDEALI/IC' MOTIVES ( CONSCI5TI\S OBJECTORS4 ,9DE$1 ONE ( !IR CONTRIBUTORS1 ,JACK ,HEWELIKE1 REM>KS ,I HAVE COME TO /RONG DISAGREEM5T ) MANY ( ! TACTICS US$ BY ,C4 ,O4'S 9 PRISON TO IMPRESS ! PUBLIC 444 & EV5 N[ FEEL ?AT ! BASIC ISSUE IS 9DIVIDUAL EVASION ( S]VICE TO ! /ATE & NOT :AT ! PUBLIC CONSID]S 'CONSCI5TI\S'4 ,! MO/ G5U9E PROTE/S W]E ?OSE DIRECT$ AGA9/ IMPRISONM5T ITSELF 7& ! :OLE CO]CIVE APP>ATUS ( :I* PRISONS >E A P>T74 ,MY [N OBS]VATION CONV9CES ME ?AT !SE PROTE/S >E CON/ANTLY BE+ MADE BY 9CONSPICU\S PRISON]S BR&$ AS 'CRIM9ALS' :O HAVE NO CIVIL LIB]TY GR\PS OR CL]GYM5 TO PUBLICIZE !IR FEEL+S1 & :O1 ACCORD+LY1 BR+ UPON !MSELVES ! FULL MEASURE ( PSY*OLOGICAL & SOMETIMES PHYSICAL SADISM :I* ! ,/ATE HAS DEVIS$ TO S]VE ITS 5DS4 ,9ADEQUATE & IRRESPONSIBLE AS SU* PROTE/S MAY BE1 9 CONTRA/ TO ! ,C4 ,O4'S PLANN$ ACTIONS1 C>EFULLY TON$ D[N SO AS NOT TO (F5D C]TA9 SECTIONS ( PUBLIC OP9ION1 !Y DO REFLECT A CRAV+ = SOME K9D ( FRE$OM :I*1 9 MANY CASES1 IS NOT EV5 EXPRESS$ 9 POSITIVE T]MS4 ,! CAPITALIZATION ( 'HONE/Y'1 'S9C]ITY' ETC41 HAS T5D$ TO ALI5ATE ME FROM ! MAJORITY ( ,C4 ,O4'S4 ,! TONE H]E IS NOT ?AT ( ! RIS IMPRISONM5T 9 #aiah ON A *>GE ( OB/RUCT+ ! W> EF=T3 0,YE>S AGO ,I RECOGNIZ$ MY K9%IP ) ALL LIV+ BE+S1 & ,I MADE UP MY M9D ?AT ,I WAS NOT ONE :IT BETT] ?AN ! MEANE/ ON E>?4 ,I SAID !N1 & ,I SAY N[1 ?AT :ILE !RE IS A L[] CLASS ,I AM 9 IT2 :ILE !RE IS A CRIM9AL ELEM5T1 ,I AM ( IT2 :ILE !RE IS A S\L 9 PRISON1 ,I AM NOT FREE40 ,! EM]G5CE 9 ! LA/ FEW YE>S ( NEW CAMPAIGNS ( PROTE/ AGA9/ W> PREP>ATIONS & ( CIVIL DISOB$I5CE HAS BR\* ,E/ABLI%M5T AT ,F\LNESS LA/ YE>1 WAS ACTUALLY ASK$ TO GIVE A PAP] ON PRISON RE=M4 ,?IS1 HE REM>KS1 = A P]SON :O BELIEVES ?AT PRISONS >E ESS5TIALLY EVIL & NOT CAPABLE ( RE=MATION1 WAS A LITTLE DIFFICULT4 0,IT H[EV] MADE ME />T BY ASK+ ! JACKPOT QUE/ION - :AT1 GIV5 ! AIM ( MA9TA9+ EXI/+ SOCIETY1 IS ! PO9T ( PRISONS8 ,H[ F> CAN ONE MAKE PRISONS SANE1 )\T !REBY MAK+ PEOPLE SANE 5\< TO WI% TO OV]?R[ EXI/+ SOCIETY80 ,LAT] 9 HIS PAMPHLET ,PRISON - ,FROM ! ,9SIDE 7,SOCIALI/ ,CURR5T1 #aD47 HE PULLS HIMSELF UP1 AFT] DECL>+ ?AT PRISON %\LD BE1 AS F> AS POSSIBLE1 A SELF-GOV]N+ COMMUNITY3 ,BUT /EADY1 Y\'RE GO+ TOO F> - SELF-GOV]N+ COMMUNITY1 CON/RUCTIVE WORK3 IF Y\ REALLY MEAN ?IS !N Y\ MEAN SOME?+ ?AT DOESN'T EXI/ 9 \R SOCIETY - & Y\ CAN'T PRODUCE IT 9 PRISON )\T CAUS+ PEOPLE TO WANT IT \TSIDE4 ,P]HAPS ONE MU/ REV]T TO ! OLD SAY+ ?AT 9 ORD] TO *ANGE ! CRIM9AL ONE MU/ HAVE ONE'S PRISON RE=M NOT 9 PRISON BUT \TSIDE4 ,ASK AN AN>*I/ :AT %\LD BE DONE AB\T PRISONS1 & Y\ WILL GET ! ANSW] 0,PULL !M D[N04 ,ASK A CRIM9OLOGI/1 &1 MORE FREQU5TLY ?AN Y\ MI V>IETY1 FEW PEOPLE >E 9T]E/$ 9 ! CRIM9AL1 EXCEPT TO ADVOCATE PHYSICAL VIOL5CE ON HIM4 ,?REE-QU>T]S ( ! POPULATION ( ?IS C\NTRY >E SAID TO FAVOR ! RET5TION ( CAPITAL PUNI%M5T1 & 7ACCORD+ TO ! ,DAILY ,MAIL'S ,NATIONAL ,OP9ION ,POLL7 #h#c.0 ( ! ,BRITI% PUBLIC - 9CLUD+ ( C\RSE ! ,LORD ,*IEF ,JU/ICE1 FAVOR ! RE-9TRODUCTION ( FLOGG+ & BIR*+4 ,! CLAMOR ON ?IS TOPIC AT ! ANNUAL CONF]5CES ( ! ,CONS]VATIVE ,P>TY HAS BECOME RA!R A JOKE AMONG SOPHI/ICAT$ PEOPLE1 & ?IS YE>'S P]=MANCE WAS V]Y SUBDU$1 ?\< IF Y\ HE>D ! ,B,B,C'S REPORT ( ! CONF]5CE ON ,OCTOB] #a#b?1 Y\ HE>D A DELEGATE DECL>+ 0,!Y %\LD BE /]ILIZ$01 :ILE ANO!R VOICE 9T]JECT$1 0,FLOG !M FIR/01 9 A NICE LITTLE PSY*ODRAMA ( ! FANTASIES ( PA9 & MUTILATION :I* ACCOMPANY ! URGE TO PUNI%4 ,9 SU* A SOCIETY1 :]E ,P>LIAM5T IS MORE 0PROGRESSIVE0 ?AN PUBLIC OP9ION & ! JUDICI>Y1 & :]E ! ,PRISON ,COMMISSION]S >E MORE PROGRESSIVE ?AN ,P>LIAM5T 7& ?AT'S NOT SAY+ MU*71 ! QUE/ION ( :E!R OR NOT WE FAVOR P5AL RE=M IS AN ACADEMIC ONE4 ,JU/ AS WE HAVE ALWAYS SUPPORT$ ! V>I\S CAMPAIGNS AGA9/ ! DEA? P5ALTY1 SO WE >E B\ND TO SUPPORT ?OSE MEASURES :I* SEEK TO KEEP SOCIETY'S DEVIANTS \T ( JAIL & TO ALLEVIATE ! RIGORS ( IMPRISONM5T1 NOT BECAUSE WE ?9K !Y WILL 0SOLVE ! PROBLEM ( CRIME01 BUT SIMPLY BECAUSE WE >E HUMANE PEOPLE1 & ANYWAY IT MID ,LEAGUE1 ! PRODUCT ( ! AMALGAMATION ( EXI/+ BODIES AT ! TIME ( ! ,PRISON ,SY/EM ,9QUIRY ,COMMITTEE 9 #a#i#b#a4 ,! ,LEAGUE IS AN 9FLU5TIAL PRIVATE PRESSURE GR\P OR LOBBY1 AS WELL-9=M$ AB\T PRISON CONDITIONS AS ! (FICIALS ( ! ,HOME ,(FICE ) :OM IT NEGOTIATES4 ,GORDON ,ROSE1 9 HIS REC5T BOOK ,! ,/RUGGLE = ,P5AL ,RE=M 7#a#i#f#a71 :I* IS AS 9T]E/+ AS A /UDY ( ! OP]ATION ( PRESSURE GR\PS AS = ITS DETAIL$ HI/ORY1 PO9TS V]Y CLE>LY TO ONE ( ! W\LD-BE RE=M]'S MANY DILEMMAS3 ,!RE IS ALWAYS A LAT5T SECTION ( OP9ION AMONG ITS SUPPORT]S :I* FEELS ?AT IT IS FLABBY1 UN5T]PRIS+ & MU* TOO FRI5DLY ) ! AU?ORITIES4 ',HIT !M H>D & GO ON HITT+ !M1' IS A DOCTR9E :I* RECOMM5DS ITSELF TO ! 5?USIA/ :O IS DISGU/$ ) ! /ATE ( ! PRISONS OR HORRIFI$ BY ! CONT9U$ EXI/5CE ( CORPORAL OR CAPITAL PUNI%M5T4 ,?US1 !RE IS ALWAYS A ?REAT ( SPL9T]+ AT ! EXTREMES1 OR AT LEA/ ( LOSS ( MEMB]%IP4 ,?IS IS P>TICUL>LY TRUE IF PROGRESS 9 ANY SPH]E IS SL[ OR NON-EXI/5T4 ,! SPLIT 9 ! WOM5'S SUFFRAGE MOVEM5T IS AN OBVI\S EXAMPLE ( ?IS4 ,& 9DE$1 WELL-TIM$ & WELL-ORGANIZ$ MILITANCY MAY UND\BT$LY BE EFFECTIVE4 ,! G5TLY PLODD+ RE=M+ SOCIETY IS NOT ORGANIZ$ = ?IS1 & MAY WELL BE UNABLE TO SEIZE ! OPPORTUNITY AS IT %\LD4 ,?US1 IT MAY SUFF] BY COMP>ISON ) ! ACTIVITIES ( ! MILITANTS4 ,! BE/ MILITANT CAMPAIGNS1 H[EV]1 DO NOT LA/ LONG - & ! RE=M+ SOCIETY IS LIKELY TO EM]GE %AK5 BUT /ILL ALIVE & KICK+4 ,NEV]!LESS1 !RE REMA9S A CONFLICT BETWE5 ! NE$ TO FID ,LEAGUE AS ,H4,M4 ,OPPOSITION TO ! ,PRISON ,COMMISSION1 & ?IS IS L>GELY TRUE BECAUSE HE & HIS COLLEAGUES WANT IT TO BE TRUE4 ,?IS IS A ROLE S+UL>LY UNATTRACTIVE TO AN>*I/S1 :O W\LD BE QUICK TO PO9T \T1 AS ,B]N>D ,%AW DID1 ?AT 0\R PRISON SY/EM IS A HORRIBLE ACCID5TAL GR[? & NOT A DELIB]ATE HUMAN 9V5TION1 & ?AT ITS WOR/ FEATURES HAVE BE5 PRODUC$ ) ! 9T5TION1 NOT ( MAK+ IT WORSE1 BUT ( MAK+ IT BETT]40 ,NOT ?AT ?IS WAS ! FAULT ( ,JOHN ,H[>D OR ,ELIZABE? ,FRY2 0!IR FOLL[]S W]E FOOLS3 ?AT IS ALL04 ,?IS VIEW MAY SEEM CAPRICI\S OR ANTIQUAT$ 9 VIEW ( ! ACTUAL *>ACT] ( ! RE=MS PROMOT$ 9 ?IS C5TURY BY ! ,H[>D ,LEAGUE 7& BY ITS ALLIES ON ! ,PRISON ,COMMISSION LIKE ,ALEX&] ,PATT]SON1 :O DECL9$ ! *AIRMAN%IP 9 ORD] TO REMA9 AS HE PUT IT1 A MISSION>Y7 9 ! FACE ( PUBLIC & P>LIAM5T>Y 9DIFF]5CE OR HO/ILITY1 AS WELL AS ?AT ( ! PRISON S]VICE ITSELF4 ,BUT Y\ HAVE ONLY TO LOOK AT !M ?R\< ! EYES ( A CONVICT$ MAN TO SEE H[ SUP]FICIAL !Y >E4 ,SEE = 9/ANCE ,FRANK ,NORMAN'S ,BANG TO ,RID TO :I* HE DOES NOT HAVE ACCESS4 ,NO PRISON] HAS ANY CONFID5CE ?AT ! IMM5SE AM\NT ( DATA :I* IS COLLECT$ ON HIM WILL BE US$ = HIS B5EFIT4 ,MO/ PRISON]S KN[ ?AT ! SUBTLE PRESSURES CON/ANTLY PUT UPON !M HAVE NO?+ TO DO ) !IR WELF>E BUT MU* TO DO ) 'PRISON SECURITY' - & ) ! JOB SECURITY ( ! P5OLOGI/4 ,! PRISON]'S NE$ TO LIVE & ! SY/EM'S ATTEMPT TO LIVE = HIM 7& (F HIM7 CAN NEV] BE RECONCIL$4 ,CONSID] ONE P5AL RE=M MEASURE :I* HAS BE5 MOOT$ EV] S9CE ,BECC>IA3 ! 9DET]M9ATE S5T5CE4 ,S9CE ONE ( ! ALLEG$ PURPOSES ( IMPRISONM5T IS TO TRA9 ! TRANSGRESSOR 9TO BECOM+ A 'USEFUL CITIZ5'1 IT IS OBVI\S ?AT ! %ORT S5T5CE IS USELESS & ?AT ! TIME IT TAKES TO 'RE=M' HIM MAY BE> NO RELATION%IP TO ! S5T5CE IMPOS$ BY ! C\RT4 ,!RE=E ! PRISON] %\LD BE DETA9$ = AN 9DEF9ITE P]IOD1 LONG OR %ORT1 UNTIL HE IS 'FIT' TO BE RELEAS$4 ,?IS POLICY IS ALREADY FOLL[$ 9 ?IS C\NTRY1 )9 ! LIMITS ( MAXIMUM S5T5CES1 9 COMMITTALS TO ,BOR/AL & 9 ! LA/ /AGE ( PREV5TATIVE DET5TION4 ,IT EXI/S 9 REV]SE 9 ! REMISSION SY/EM :]E S5T5CES MAY BE %ORT5$ CONDITIONAL UPON GOOD BEHAVIOR - =FEITURE ( REMISSION BE+ AMONG ! PUNI%M5TS IMPOS$ BY ! GOV]NOR OR BY ! 0SECRET TRIALS0 ( ! VISIT+ COMMITTEE4 ,BUT ! CRUELTY ( ! IDEA ( ! 9DET]M9ATE S5T5CE1 IMPECCABLE ?\< ITS LOGIC IS FROM ! PO9T ( VIEW ( ! RE=M]1 SURELY MAKES IT REPUGNANT FROM A HUMAN /&PO9T4 ,OR CONSID] SOME ( ! IMPLICATIONS 9 ! CONCEPT ?AT CRIME IS A SYMPTOM ( M5TAL DISEASE4 ,WE ALL SUBSCRIBE TO ?IS VIEW SIMPLY BECAUSE WE ALL HAVE \R PRIVATE DEF9ITION ( CRIME4 ,BUT !RE EXI/S ALSO ! PUBLIC DEF9ITION ( CRIME - ANY ACTION =BIDD5 BY ! LAW4 ,:5 ,COL9 ,SM>T1 ONE ( ! ,DIRECT ,ACTION ,COMMITTEE PRISON]S1 REFLECT+ ON HIS PRISON EXP]I5CES1 RECOMM5DS 0MAK+ PSY*IATRIC TREATM5T ! BASIS ( ANY S5T5CE01 HE =GETS ?AT HE TOO IS A 'CRIM9AL'4 ,AN ,AM]ICAN FRI5D ( \RS WAS 9C>C]AT$ 9 A F$]AL P5IT5TI>Y DUR+ ! W> = HIS OPPOSITION TO IT4 ,! W>-RESI/]S />T$ A HUNG] /RIKE AGA9/ RACIAL SEGREGATION 9 ! MESS-HALL4 ,!Y W]E TAK5 (F TO ! PSY*IATRIC W>D & H>ANGU$ BY ! PSY*IATRI/ AB\T !IR DUBI\S MOTIVATION4 0,SURE10 \R FRI5D REPLI$1 0SURE ,I WANT TO RAPE MY GR&MO!R4 ,N[ AB\T ?IS SEGREGATION ISSUE 4440 ,WE HAVE OV]CR[D$ PRISONS NOT P>TICUL>LY BECAUSE MORE M5 >E BE+ RECEIV$ 9TO !M BUT BECAUSE ! S5T5CES IMPOS$ HAVE BECOME MORE SEV]E4 ,! ,C\RTS ALREADY HAVE ! P[] TO IMPRISON M5 = #ad YE>S BECAUSE !Y CONT9UE TO COMMIT CRIME4 ,& !Y HAVE ! P[] TO REPEAT ! DOSE IF ! FIR/ - AS IT SO FREQU5TLY HAPP5S - EFFECTS NO CURE4 ,! ,*IEF ,CON/ABLE %\LD KN[ ?AT MANY M5 :O >E N[ S]V+ FROM FIVE TO F\RTE5 YE>S' PREV5TATIVE DET5TION HAVE NEV] BE5 9VOLV$ 9 VIOL5CE NOR COMMITT$ CRIMES ( ANY S]I\SNESS BUT HAVE BE5 'PUT AWAY' BECAUSE ( !IR NUISANCE VALUE TO SOCIETY - LIKE ! MAN REC5TLY :O1 TWO MON?S AFT] COMPLET+ HIS SECOND T]M ( PREV5TATIVE DET5TION 7EIS71 9 A /ATE ( LONEL9ESS & USELESSNESS /OLE FROM A MOTOR-C>1 & TELEPHON$ ! POLICE SO ?AT !Y %\LD >RE/ HIM4 ,) NO LAWY] OR FRI5D TO HELP HIM 9 C\RT1 HE WAS S5T5C$ TO A ?IRD T]M ( IMPRISONM5T - #ab YE>S' PREV5TATIVE DET5TION4 ,:AT MORE DOES ! ,*IEF ,CON/ABLE WANT8 -,M,],F,Y,N ,T,U,R,N,] 9 A LETT] TO ,! ,GU>DIAN #h_/#c_/#f#a ,ONE ( ! DANG]S IMPLICIT 9 ! CONCEPT ( CRIME AS DISEASE IS ?AT 9 SWEEP+ AWAY ! CONCEPT ( CRIM9AL RESPONSIBILITY1 WE SWEEP AWAY SU* PROTECTION AS ! C\RTS PROVIDE = ! ACCUS$4 ,M>G]Y ,FRY SAW ?IS YE>S AGO1 :5 JUV5ILE C\RTS W]E FIR/ BE+ 9/ITUT$4 0,I ?9K10 %E SAID1 0!RE IS A K9D ( FEEL+ ?AT A *ILD'S MATT]S >E SMALL MATT]S1 & CAN BE MET BY K9DNESS & GOODWILL1 & !RE IS A C]TA9 DANG] ( NOT GIV+ ! *ILD HIS RI5CE ,RAY ,JEFFREY1 9 HIS CONCLUD+ ESSAY ON ! HI/ORICAL DEVELOPM5T ( CRIM9OLOGY 9 ,H]MANN ,MANNHEIM'S ,PIONE]S ( ,CRIM9OLOGY REF]S TO ! :OLEHE>T$ ACCEPTANCE ( ! CRIME-EQUALS-DISEASE =MULA BY SOME ,AM]ICAN CRIM9OLOGI/S :O PROPOSE SU* RE=M MEASURES AS ! ELIM9ATION ( PRISONS1 PUNI%M5T1 ! JURY SY/EM1 ! CONCEPT ( FREE WILL1 & O!R ASPECTS ( ! LEGAL SY/EM1 & = ! REPLACEM5T ( JUDGES1 JURIES & PRISONS BY SCI5TI/S & M5TAL HOSPITALS4 ,JEFFREY COMM5TS3 ,! RE=M >GUM5T ASSUMES ?AT RE=M IS NECESS>Y & ?AT WE HAVE ! KN[L$GE NECESS>Y TO RE=M ! CRIM9AL4 ,?IS >GUM5T ASSUMES WE KN[ ! CAUSE ( CRIME & !RE=E ! CURE4 ,IT OV]WORKS ! ANALOGY BETWE5 CRIME & DISEASE4 ,IT OV]LOOKS ! FACT ?AT CRIME IS A PRODUCT ( SOCIETY4 ,9 HIS BOOK 0,MU/ ,Y\ ,CON=M80 ! LATE ,ROB]T ,L9D] >GUES ?AT :5 WE CLASSIFY HOMOSEXUALITY AS A DISEASE & NOT A CRIME WE >E NOT REALLY HELP+ ! HOMOSEXUAL BUT >E 9 FACT CREAT+ NEW OPPRESSIVE MEASURES TO USE AGA9/ HIM4 ,IT IS CONTROL DISGUIS$ AS RE=M & TREATM5T4 ,! SAME ?+ CAN BE SAID = REG>D+ BEHAVIOR ( O!R TYPES AS A DISEASE RA!R ?AN A CRIME4 ,IF CRIME IS ! PRODUCT ( SOCIETY1 DO WE RE=M ! 9DIVIDUAL OR MU/ WE RE=M ! SOCIETY8 ,BEW>E ( ! MAN ) SIMPLE SOLUTIONS4 ',CRIME' & '! CRIM9AL' >E LEGAL1 NOT SCI5TIFIC OR LOGICAL CLASSIFICATIONS4 ,WE >E ALL CRIM9ALS & WE HAVE ALL COMMITT$ CRIMES4 ,Y\ CANNOT ELIM9ATE CRIME 9 HUMAN SOCIETY BECAUSE1 AS ,DURKHEIM >GU$1 CRIME IS A SOCIAL NECESSITY & A SOCIETY EXEMPT FROM IT IS UTT]LY IMPOSSIBLE4 ,MOREOV]1 AS ! PSY*O-ANALYTICAL S*OOL MA9TA9S1 SOCIETY NE$S ITS CRIM9ALS TO ACT \T & S]VE AS SCAPEGOATS = ITS [N ANXIETIES & DEVIANT FANTASIES4 ,?IS IS :Y IT IS1 UNHAPPILY1 USELESS TO PO9T \T TO ! FLOGG]S1 AS ,MR4 ,GORDON ,WILK9S DOES 9 HIS >TICLE 9 ! ,CRIM9AL ,LAW ,REVIEW 7,OCT4 #a#i#f7 ?AT WE >E NOT 9 ! MIDDLE ( A CRIME WAVE1 ?AT 0!RE HAS BE5 NO SIGNIFICANT 9CREASE 9 CRIMES ( VIOL5CE OV] ! PA/ HALF C5TURY1 HAV+ REG>D TO ! CONSID]ABLE 9CREASE 9 POPULATION01 OR ?AT 4#i P] C5T4 ( PEOPLE F\ND GUILTY 9 ! C\RTS >E F\ND GUILTY ( VIOL5CE AGA9/ ! P]SON4 ,PEOPLE DON'T LI/5 :5 Y\ SAY !SE ?+S1 BECAUSE !Y >E NOT :AT !Y NE$ TO HE>4 ,?IS IS :Y ,CL>5CE ,JEFFREY NOTES ?AT 0! USE ( PUNI%M5T BY SOCIETY IS NOT AS IMPORTANT 9 T]MS ( :E!R OR NOT IT RE=MS ! 9DIVIDUAL AS 9 T]MS ( :AT IT DOES = SOCIETY4 ,PUNI%M5T CREATES SOCIAL SOLID>ITY & RE9=CES ! SOCIAL NORMS40 ,HAV+ SAID ALL ?IS1 ONE ?+ REMA9S TRUE3 ! FACT ?AT 9 ! PRISON ITSELF 7AS ,DONALD ,WE/1 ( ! ,CAMBRIDGE ,9/ITUTE ( ,CRIM9OLOGY PUTS IT71 ! MAJORITY ( RECIDIVI/ (F5D]S 9 PRISON HAVE SOME DEGREE ( P]SONALITY DEVIATION4 ,A FEW ( !SE >E ABNORMALLY AGGRESSIVE & LIABLE TO HIT \T IMPULSIVELY AT ANYONE :O GETS 9 !IR WAY1 BUT ! GREAT] PROPORTION >E :AT PSY*IATRI/S CALL '9ADEQUATE'1 FECKLESS TYPES 444 ,HE ?9KS ?AT A MORE PRECISE ELUCIDATION ( !SE P]SONALITY DEVIATIONS & ( ! FACTORS ?AT PRODUCE !M & ! WAYS 9 :I* !Y MAY BE MANAG$ OR IMPROV$1 IS ! MO/ SUB/ANTIAL CONTRIBUTION WE CAN MAKE AT ! MOM5T TO CRIM9OLOGICAL RESE>*4 ,IT IS ALSO ! MO/ USEFUL ?+ ?AT CAN BE DONE TO HELP !SE PEOPLE4 ,:ATEV] IT IS1 IT IS UNLIKELY TO BE DONE 9 PRISON1 ESPECIALLY S9CE !Y >E UNLIKELY TO BE 9C>C]AT$ 9 EI!R ( ! ONLY TWO ,BRITI% PRISONS :I* RETA9 ! FULL-TIME S]VICES ( A PSY*IATRI/1 & >E /ILL LESS LIKELY TO F9D !IR WAY TO ONE ( ?OSE E/ABLI%M5TS :I* >E ! PRIDE & JOY ( ! RE=M]S4 ,BY F> ! MO/ IMPRESSIVE ATTEMPTS TO HELP !M KEEP \T ( TR\BLE HAVE BE5 ?OSE ( ,DR4 ,MAXWELL ,JONES & HIS COLLEAGUES AT ! ,H5D]SON ,SOCIAL ,REHABILITATION ,UNIT1 & ( ,MR4 ,M]FYN ,TURN] AT ,NORMAN ,H\SE4 ,EV5 9 ?IS S5SE1 IT IS \TSIDE ! PRISON ?AT WE MU/ LOOK = ! ONLY RADICAL RE=MS4 ,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 ,*RONOLOGY 3 ,JANU>Y #a#d1 #bba 3 ,>E WE 9 ,FAV\R ( ,P5AL ,RE=M8 -- ,ADD$4 ,JANU>Y #f1 #bbb 3 ,>E WE 9 ,FAV\R ( ,P5AL ,RE=M8 -- ,UPDAT$4 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3 HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/