,AS ,WE ,SEE ,IT6 #aihe ,PEOPLE 3 ,AU?OR 3 ,COLUMBIA ,AN>*I/ ,LEAGUE ,TEXT 3 ,RELEASE ,HI/ORY3 ,RELEASE V#a41 ,W9T] #a#i#h#e-#h#f ,COLUMBIA ,AN>*I/ ,LEAGUE 7,COLUMBIA1 ,MISS\RI ,U4,S4,A47 ,ORIG9AL 9 PR9T$ TEXT BY ,C,A,L 7,P4 ,O4 ,BOX #addf ,COLUMBIA1 ,M,O4 #f#e#b#e74 ,RELEASE V#b41 ,SUMM] #aiid ,SPUNK ,PRESS4 ,PUT ONTO ! WEB AS TEXT4 ,V]SION #b4#a1 ,OCTOB] #b#a1 #bf ,COMMITTEE = ,TRANSC5D5CE4 ,H,T,M,L RE=MATT$ & ANY MISSPELL+S1 BAD GRAMM>1 OR PUNCTUATION WAS CLEAN$ UP4 "9 "9 "9 ,PREFACE ,! FOLL[+ IS ! ,A,S ,W,E ,S,E,E ,I,T6 /ATEM5T BY ,COLUMBIA ,AN>*I/ ,LEAGUE1 ! N[-DEFUNCT GR\P1 :O ORIG9ALLY PUBLI%$ ,A,N,>,*,Y3 ,A ,J\RNAL ( ,DESIRE ,>M$4 ,IT WAS CONCEIV$ 9 ! ,SPR+ ( #aihe & APPE>$ 9 PR9T LAT] ?AT ,W9T]4 ,! TRANSCRIPTION BEL[ WAS KEY$ 9 & S5T TO SPUNK PRESS 9 ! ,SUMM] ( #aiid BY ME1 & ANY TYPOS_/]RORS W]E PROBABLY MADE BY ME4 ,BY AJODA ,9TRODUCTION ,?IS /ATEM5T IS A PROVISIONAL DRAFT ( ,COLUMBIA ,AN>*I/ ,LEAGUE POSITIONS ADOPT$ L>GELY 9 ! SPR+ ( #a#i#h#e4 ,IT IS NOT MEANT TO BE A F9I%$ OR UNALT]ABLE /ATEM5T1 BUT IT IS A GOOD REFLECTION ( \R M9IMAL COMMON P]SPECTIVES AT ?IS TIME4 ,CRITICAL COMM5TS >E WELCOME & WILL BE TAK5 UND] CONSID]ATION = FUTURE V]SIONS ( ?IS /ATEM5T4 #a ,?R\<\T ! WORLD ! VA/ MAJORITY ( PEOPLE HAVE NO CONTROL OV] ! MO/ BASIC SOCIAL1 ECONOMIC & POLITICAL DECISIONS :I* PR(\NDLY & DIRECTLY AFFECT !IR LIVES4 ,WE >E =C$ TO LIVE1 WORK & DIE ACCORD+ TO ! DICTATES ( HI]>*ICAL ORGANIZATIONS -- FROM S*OOLS1 CORPORATIONS & UNIONS1 TO !IR CULM9ATION 9 ! NATION-/ATE4 ,WE >E 9DOCTR9AT$ 9 GOV]NM5T-RUN & RELIGI\S S*OOLS4 ,WE >E =C$ TO SELL \R LIVES & LABOR 9 CAPITALI/ ECONOMIES1 :ILE ?OSE :O [N & CONTROL ! MEANS ( PRODUCTION NOT ONLY PR(IT FROM \R TOIL1 BUT DET]M9E ! %APE & DISPOSITION ( EV] L>G] >EAS ( BO? ! SOCIAL & NATURAL WORLDS4 ,& WE >E REGIM5T$1 TAX$1 & C[$ BY 9TEGRAT$ SY/EMS ( LOCAL1 REGIONAL & NATIONAL GOV]NM5TS4 ,!Y NOT ONLY MAKE LAWS REGULAT+ \R WORK1 CULTURE & SOCIAL 9T]C\RSE1 BUT MA9TA9 VA/ PROPAG&A APP>ATUSES1 POLICE =CES1 PRISON SY/EMS1 >MIES1 SURVEILLANCE NETWORKS1 & TO 5SURE \R COMPLIANCE1 EV5 TORTURE C5T]S & DEA? SQUADS :5 NECESS>Y4 #b ,! HI]>*ICAL & ALI5AT+ ORGANIZATION ( SOCIAL LIFE IMPOS$ UPON US BY !SE DOM9ANT 9/ITUTIONS CREATES CONT9UAL CRISES 9 EV]Y P]SON'S LIFE1 & 9 EV]Y REALM ( HUMAN ACTIVITY4 ,!SE CRISES (T5 APPE> MO/ 9T5SELY 9 ! REALM ( PRODUCTION -- 9 :I* MO/ ( US MU/ EA* DAY SELL L>GE PORTIONS ( \R LIVES = A WAGE ?AT CAN NEV] POSSIBLY REPAY US = :AT IS 9 TURN TAK5 FROM US4 ,WE >E =C$ TO LABOR UND] A SY/EM :I* ALL[S US NEI!R CONTROL ( ! CONT5T ( \R WORK1 NOR ITS CONDITIONS1 ITS ORGANIZATION1 OR ITS PURPOSE & MEAN+4 ,& WE DO ALL ?IS 9 EX*ANGE = ! 0PRIVILEGE0 ( BUY+ A FEW MASS-PRODUC$ COMMODITIES & /&>DIZ$ 0S]VICES0 ?AT WILL ALWAYS REMA9 EMPTY & UNSATISFY+ SUB/ITUTES = ! RI* & JOYFUL LIVES WE ALL 9 ACTUALITY DESIRE4 ,9 FACT1 NE>LY EV]Y FACET ( LIFE 9 MOD]N SOCIETY HAS BY N[ BE5 COLONIZ$ BY HI]>*Y & ALI5ATION -- FAMILY LIFE1 SEXUALITY1 $UCATION1 CULTURE1 KN[L$GE1 COMMUNICATION1 HEAL? C>E1 TRANSPORTATION1 ETC4 ,EV]Y:]E ! DOM9ANT SOCIAL 9/ITUTIONS IMPOSE ON PEOPLE AN ORGANIZATION ( !IR DAILY LIVES ?AT IS EXT]NAL TO !M4 ,EV]Y?+ IS ORGANIZ$ = ULT]IOR PURPOSES1 )\T ! P>TICIPATION ( ?OSE MO/ DIRECTLY CONC]N$1 & USUALLY AGA9/ PEOPLE'S ACTUAL VALUES1 ASPIRATIONS1 & 9T]E/S4 ,AS A RESULT ( ?IS1 IT ISN'T V]Y SURPRIS+ ?AT PEOPLE EXP]I5CE MANY ASPECTS ( !IR LIVES & BODIES AS BE+ UNREAL1 ALI5 TO !M1 OR AS BE+ SUBJECT TO IRRESI/IBLE =CES ( MY/IFY+ ORIG9S4 #c ,! POV]TY1 ! MEAN+LESSNESS & ! ALI5ATION ( EV]YDAY LIVE 9 ! MOD]N WORLD >E NOT ACCID5TAL BYPRODUCTS ( AN O!RWISE S\ND SOCIAL SY/EM4 ,!Y >E ! 9EVITABLE & PRIM>Y PRODUCTS ( A SY/EM :I* AT ITS CORE IS NOT ONLY DISA/R\SLY C\NT]PRODUCTIVE1 BUT 9 ITS PRES5T NUCLE> PHASE IS 9CREAS+LY SUICIDAL4 ,?IS SY/EM CONSI/S ( A RELATIVELY COH]5T /RUCTURE ( SELF-RE9=C+ SOCIAL RELATIONS ( COMPULSION1 HI]>*ICAL AU?ORITY1 & COMMODITY EX*ANGE :OSE COMMON BASIS CAN POSSIBLY BE MO/ EASILY UND]/OOD US+ ! CONCEPT ( 0ALI5ATION04 ,! WORD 0ALI5ATION0 D5OTES ! PROCESS BY :I* PEOPLE'S ACTS CAN BECOME E/RANG$ -- & NO LONG] APPE> OR BE FELT AS !IR [N4 ,! 9/ITUTION ( HUMAN SLAV]Y = EXAMPLE 9VOLVES AN OBVI\S PROCESS ( ALI5ATION ( ! SLAVE'S LIFE-ACTIVITY4 ,:5 ORIG9ALLY FREE PEOPLE W]E FIR/ CAPTUR$ BY SLAVE-HOLD+ SOCIETIES1 IT WAS NECESS>Y TO =CIBLY 5?RALL$ !M S9CE !Y NATURALLY REALIZ$ ?AT ! WORK1 DEF]5CE & PASSIVITY REQUIR$ ( !M WAS ABSOLUTELY ALI5 TO !IR [N DESIRES & WILL4 ,! UNITY ( !IR DESIRES1 WILL & ACTIVITY WAS COMPLETELY BROK51 BUT !Y C\LD EASILY FEEL & UND]/& ?IS ALI5ATION BECAUSE ( 7& ALSO RESULT+ 97 ! NECESSITY ( ITS IMPOSITION BY =CE4 ,H[EV]1 ONCE !IR SLAV]Y HAD BE5 =C$ = A C]TA9 TIME1 !Y W\LD CONSCI\SLY DEVELOP HABITS ( SELF-REPRESSION TO AVOID BE+ PUNI%$ = =GETT+ ! ROLE !Y W]E REQUIR$ TO PLAY4 ,!Y W\LD ADAPT TO ! EXPECTATIONS ( ! SLAVEHOLD]S BY LE>N+ H[ TO BE SLAVES & ?9K+ ( !MSELVES AS SLAVES1 ALBEIT RELUCTANT ONES4 ,& F9ALLY1 MANY ( !M W\LD OV] TIME 7& ESPECIALLY ) ! PASS+ ( G5]ATIONS7 COME TO REALLY SEE !MSELVES AS SLAVES1 TO BELIEVE ?AT SLAV]Y WAS A NATURAL 9/ITUTION1 & ?AT IT WAS !IR NATURAL PLACE TO BE SLAVES4 ,!IR HABITS ( SELF-REPRESSION W\LD BECOME SO 9T]NALIZ$ & UNCONSCI\S ?AT !Y W\LD =GET !Y W]E ORIG9ALLY ONLY HABITS4 ,!Y BECAME SLAVES 9 FACT1 & IF ! OPPORTUNITY W\LD COME = !M TO ESCAPE !Y W\LD NO LONG] EV5 BE ABLE TO SEE ! OPPORTUNITY BECAUSE !Y W\LD NO LONG] REALIZE ?AT SOME:]E DEEP 9SIDE !Y WANT$ TO ESCAPE4 ,!IR ALI5ATION WAS SO COMPLETE ?AT !Y C\LD NO LONG] FEEL !IR DESIRES AS !IR [N1 OR EX]CISE !IR WILL \TSIDE ( A %>PLY CIRCUMSCRIB$ >EA ( !IR LIVES4 ,! PROCESS ( ALI5ATION 9VOLV$ 9 ! 9/ITUTION ( SLAV]Y IS ANALOG\S TO ! PROCESS ( 0SOCIALIZATION0 ?R\< :I* WE ALL LE>N \R 0NATURAL0 PLACES )9 CONTEMPOR>Y 9/ITUTIONS ( ! NUCLE> FAMILY1 COMPULSORY 7MIS7$UCATION1 WAGE-SLAV]Y1 REPRES5TATIVE 0DEMOCRACY10 ETC4 #d ,ACCORD+ TO ! CLASSICAL DESCRIPTION ( ALI5ATION 9 ! REALM ( WORK UND] CAPITALISM1 :5 PEOPLE'S LABOR-ACTIVITY IS SOLD TO CAPITALI/S 9 EX*ANGE = A WAGE1 ?IS LABOR-ACTIVITY IS ALI5AT$4 ,S9CE IT IS CONTROLL$ BY ! CAPITALI/ 7:E!R ! CAPITALI/ IS A P]SON OR AN 9/ITUTION SU* AS A CORPORATION OR ! /ATE7 & NOT BY ! 9DIVIDUAL1 ! 9DIVIDUAL WORK] F9DS H]_/HIMSELF ACT+ ACCORD+ TO ! DICTATES ( A LOGIC ?AT IS EXT]NALLY IMPOS$4 ,S_/HE BECOMES A M]E COG 9 ! MA*9]Y ( A PRODUCTIVE APP>ATUS :I* HAS A PURPOSE ABOVE & BEYOND ?OSE ( ALL ! WORK]S 9VOLV$ 9 IT4 ,EA* 9DIVIDUAL WORK] IS ISOLAT$ FROM ! RE/ AS MU* AS POSSIBLE BY ! CORPORATE OR BUREAUCRATIC MANAGEM5T ( L>GE BUS9ESSES1 :ILE ! L9ES ( HI]>*ICAL AU?ORITY MA9TA9 DISCIPL9E )9 A RIGID DIVISION ( LABOR 9 AN ORGANIZATIONAL SY/EM DESIGN$ TO MAKE PR(ITS1 ACCUMULATE CAPITAL & REPRODUCE ! P[] ( ! MANAG]S4 ,! COLLECTIVE ACTIVITY ( ALL ! ATOMIZ$ WORK+ PEOPLE ?US CONT9UALLY REPRODUCES AN 5TIRE ORGANIZATIONAL SY/EM :I* APPE>S TO TAKE ON AN 9]TIA & DIRECTION ( ITS [N AS EV5 ! ACTIONS ( ! MANAG]S BECOME MORE & MORE RIGIDLY DET]M9$ BY ! LOGIC ( ORGANIZATIONAL REPRODUCTION & EXPANSION TO :I* !Y TOO MU/ SUBMIT4 #e ,IRONICALLY1 IT IS PEOPLE'S [N ALI5AT$ GE/URES & LABOR-ACTIVITY ?AT MAKE UP ! ACTUAL SUB/ANCE ( ! 9/ITUTIONS :I* 9 TURN OPPRESS !M4 ,& ! SAME PROCESS ( ALI5ATION TAKES PLACE NOT ONLY 9 ! REALM ( PRODUCTION1 BUT ALSO 9 EV]Y O!R SPH]E ( SOCIAL ACTIVITY4 ,?IS RESULTS 9 AN 5TIRE SOCIAL WORLD ?AT ALWAYS APPE>S TO BE \T ( ANYONE'S CONTROL1 MOV+ 9EXORABLY ALONG ITS [N MY/IFY+ PA? ACCORD+ TO ITS [N HI]>*ICAL & ALI5 LOGIC4 ,?US ! ECONOMY IS SAID TO REGULATE ITSELF BY ! 9FLU5CE ( AN 09VISIBLE H&0 ?R\< :I* WE BECOME ! VICTIMS ( DEPRESSIONS1 9FLATION1 UNEMPLOYM5T1 ETC4 ,& 9 ! POLITICAL SPH]E ! ORGANS ( LOCAL1 REGIONAL1 & NATIONAL GOV]NM5T EXHIBIT SIMIL> T5D5CIES4 ,! POLITICAL P>TIES BECOME MORE & MORE ! SAME1 :ILE NONE >E EV] CAPABLE ( CONTROLL+ ! CRISES :I* PROMPT !IR ELECTION1 OR !IR C\P D'ETAT4 ,ALL GOV]NM5TS >E =C$ TO SUBMIT TO ! ALI5 LOGIC ( ! SAME 9T]NATIONAL SY/EM4 ,EA/ & ,WE/1 ! RESULTS >E BASICALLY ! SAME ?\< ! MEANS BE DIFF]5T4 ,& 9 ALL ! O!R SPH]ES ( LIFE ?AT HAVE BECOME DOM9AT$ BY HI]>*ICAL =MS ( ORGANIZATION ! 9DIVIDUAL IS SUBJECT$ TO ! SAME PROCESSES S9CE BY DEF9ITION ALL HI]>*ICAL ORGANIZATION 9VOLVES COMPULSION1 & COMPULSION ALWAYS REQUIRES ?AT ! 9DIVIDUAL ALI5ATE HIS_/H] [N ACTIVITY1 9 ORD] TO FIT HIM_/H]SELF 9TO ! ROLES REQUIR$4 ,ULTIMATELY1 ! MORE \R LIVES >E DEVOT$ TO P]=M+ ALL ! ALI5AT+ ROLES ( HI]>*ICAL COMMODITY SOCIETY1 ! LESS WE >E ABLE TO LIVE -- ! LESS \R LIVES >E 9 ANY S5SE REALLY \R [N4 #f ,PEOPLE >E NEV] M]ELY ! PASSIVE VICTIMS ( AN EXT]NALLY IMPOS$ REPRESSION & MANIPULATION4 ,?R\< \R 0SOCIALIZATION0 7\R 0SOCIAL CONDITION+07 9TO ?IS SOCIETY1 WE HAVE EA* LE>N$ TO P>TICIPATE TO DIFF]5T DEGREES 9 \R [N SELF-REPRESSION & SELF-MANIPULATION4 ,\R CON=MITY IS 5=C$1 NOT ONLY BY ! BOSSES' ORD]S & ! POLICEMAN'S GUN1 BUT BY ! 9T]NALIZ$ BOSS & POLICEMAN ( \R [N BEHAVIOR ?AT EA* ( US C>RIES )9 US1 & :I* WE CALL 0*>ACT]04 ,*>ACT] IS ! =M TAK5 BY ALI5ATION 9 ! 9DIVIDUAL4 ,IT IS LIKE A LAY] ( DEAD5$ PSY*IC SC> TISSUE OR AN >MOR+ :I* EA* ( US HAS BE5 =C$ TO DEVELOP 9 ORD] TO COPE ) A HI]>*ICAL & ALI5AT+ SOCIETY4 ,BY DEVELOP+ ?IS UNCONSCI\S LAY] ( >MOR+ 7?IS HABITUAL LAY] ( COMPULSIVE SELF-REPRESSION7 WE PROTECT \RSELVES FROM SOME ( ! H>%] EFFECTS ( HI]>*Y & ALI5ATION1 BUT ONLY AT ! GREAT CO/ ( BO? ISOLAT+ & 9HIBIT+ \RSELVES1 AS WELL AS DE=M+ \R ACTIVITIES & ?\ACT] CAN BE V>I\SLY MANIFE/$ AS3 COMPULSIVE 9HIBITIONS1 *RONIC MUSCUL> T5SIONS & ANXIETIES1 *RONIC FEEL+S ( GUILT1 P]CEPTUAL BLOCKS OR A *RONIC N>R[+ ( ! P]CEPTUAL FIELD1 EXAGG]AT$ RESPECT = AU?ORITY FIGURES1 ADH]5CE TO DOGMAS & 9ABILITY TO ?9K = ONESELF1 COMPULSIVE FE>S OR P>ANOIA1 *RONIC FEEL+S ( 9SECURITY1 COMPULSIVE ROLE-PLAY+ & 9ABILITY TO DROP PRET5SES & 0BE ONESELF10 RELIGI\S BELIEFS & BELIEFS 9 O!R TYPES ( ABSOLUTES1 RACISM1 SEXISM1 AD NAUSEUM4 ,*>ACT] IS ! 9TEGRAT$ ORGANIZATION ( ALL ! 9T]NALIZ$ & HABITUAL 9CAPACITIES :I* S]VE TO ADAPT 9DIVIDUALS TO ! DEM&S ( AN IRRATIONAL SOCIETY4 ,IT IS ! MEANS BY :I* HI]>*ICAL & ALI5AT+ SOCIAL /RUCTURES HAVE 9VAD$ & COLONIZ$ \R V]Y BODIES & EXP]I5CE4 ,WE HAVE ALL BE5 CRIPPL$ BY IT4 ,MANY PEOPLE HAVE BE5 SO MUTILAT$ ?AT !Y N[ ID5TIFY MORE ) REPRESSIVE & EXPLOITATIVE 9/ITUTIONS ?AN ) !IR [N SPONTANE\S IMPULSES1 DESIRES & FEEL+S4 ,*>ACT] IS A ME*ANISM CREAT$ BY ! 9T]ACTION ( SOCIAL CONDITION+ & \R RESPONSES TO IT4 ,IT 5ABLES US ABOVE ALL TO TREAT O!RS & \RSELVES 7& BE TREAT$ BY O!RS7 AS COMMODITIES ON ! M>KET TO BE B\*IES TO BE ORD]$ & MANIPULAT$4 ,HI]>*ICAL CAPITALI/ SOCIETY DEM&S ?AT HUMAN BE+S BE TREAT$ EV]Y:]E AS IF !Y >E REALLY ONLY OBJECTS4 ,! DEVELOPM5T ( *>ACT] IS \R WAY ( BECOM+ ?OSE OBJECTS & =GETT+ ?AT WE W]E ONCE SOME?+ MORE4.<#a.> #g ,IDEOLOGY IS ! MANIFE/ATION ( *>ACT] 9 ! REALM ( LOGIC1 LANGUAGE & SYMBOLS4 ,IT IS ! MEANS BY :I* ALI5ATION & HI]>*IES 7& ?US *>ACT]7 >E ALL RATIONALIZ$ & JU/IFI$ ?R\< ! DE=MATION ( HUMAN ?\E SY/EMS ( FALSE CONSCI\SNESS 9 :I* PEOPLE NO LONG] SEE !MSELVES AS SUBJECTS 9 !IR RELATION TO !IR WORLD4 ,9/EAD !Y SEE !MSELVES 9 SOME MANN] AS ?\< !Y >E OBJECTS :I* >E SUBORD9AT$ TO SOME TYPE OR O!R ( AB/RACT 5TITIES :I* BECOME ! 0REAL0 SUBJECTS OR ACTORS 9 !IR WORLD4 ,:5EV] ANY SY/EM ( IDEAS & DUTIES IS /RUCTUR$ ) AN AB/RACTION AT ITS C5T] -- ASSIGN+ PEOPLE ROLES OR DUTIES = ITS [N SAKE -- SU* A SY/EM IS ALWAYS AN IDEOLOGY4 ,ALL ! V>I\S =MS ( IDEOLOGY >E /RUCTUR$ >\ND DIFF]5T AB/RACTIONS1 YET !Y ALL ALWAYS S]VE ! 9T]E/S ( HI]>*ICAL & ALI5AT+ SOCIAL /RUCTURES1 S9CE !Y >E HI]>*Y & ALI5ATION 9 ! REALM ( ?\*Y OR ALI5ATION 9 ITS CONT5T1 ITS =M /ILL REMA9S CONSI/5T ) :AT IS OPPOS$1 & ?IS =M WILL ALWAYS T5D TO UND]M9E ! APP>5T CONT5T ( ! IDEOLOGY4 ,:E!R ! AB/RACTION IS ,GOD1 ! ,/ATE1 ,TE*NOLOGY1 ! ,FAMILY1 ,HUMANITY1 ,PEACE1 ,WORK1 ,LOVE1 OR EV5 ,FRE$OM2 IF IT IS CONCEIV$ & PRES5T$ AS IF IT IS A SUBJECT ) A BE+ ( ITS [N :I* MAKES DEM&S ( US1 !N IT IS ! C5T] ( AN IDEOLOGY & IT IS A LIE4 ,CAPITALISM1 ,9DIVIDUALISM1 ,COMMUNISM1 ,SOCIALISM1 & ,PACIFISM >E EA* IDEOLOGICAL 9 SOME RESPECT AS !Y >E USUALLY CONCEIV$4 ,RELIGION & MORALITY >E ALWAYS IDEOLOGICAL BY DEF9ITION4 ,EV5 RESI/ANCE1 REVOLUTION1 & AN>*ISM (T5 TAKE ON IDEOLOGICAL DIM5SIONS :5 WE >E NOT C>EFUL TO MA9TA9 A CRITICAL AW>5ESS ( H[ WE >E ?9K+ & :AT ! ACTUAL PURPOSES ( \R ?\E4 ,IDEOLOGY IS NE>LY UBIQUIT\S4 ,FROM ADV]TISEM5TS & COMM]CIALS1 TO ACADEMIC TREATISES & SCI5TIFIC /UDIES1 ALMO/ EV]Y ASPECT ( CONTEMPOR>Y ?9K+ & COMMUNICATION IS IDEOLOGICAL1 & ITS REAL MEAN+ = HUMAN SUBJECTS IS LO/ UND] LAY]S ( MY/IFICATION & CONFUSION4.<#b.> #h ,AT ! EPITOME ( IDEOLOGICAL MY/IFICATION LIES ! SPECTACLE4 ,! SPECTACLE IS ! ORGANIZATION ( APPE>ANCES MADE POSSIBLE ?R\< ALL ! MOD]N M$IA ( COMMUNICATION4 ,! EASE ) :I* IMAGES CAN BE DETA*$ FROM !IR S\RCES & REORGANIZ$ = REPRES5TATION 9 !SE M$IA 9 ACCORD ) ! IDEOLOGIES ( \R DOM9ANT 9/ITUTIONS =MS ! TE*NICAL BASIS = ! MANIPULATION ( NOT JU/ ISOLAT$ IMAGES & IDEOLOGIES1 BUT ( ! APPE>ANCE ( REALITY ITSELF4 ,AS ! SCOPE & P[] ( ! SPECTACUL> ORGANIZATION ( SOCIETY 9CREASES1 MORE & MORE ( :AT WAS ONCE DIRECTLY LIV$ HAS BE5 R$UC$ TO ITS RE-PRES5TATION AS IMAGES TO BE CONSUM$4 ,= ! ORGANIZATION ( SPECTACUL> ACTIVITY IS ALSO ! ORGANIZATION ( ! ACTUAL SOCIAL PASSIVITY ( ITS SPECTATORS1 :I* IS ITS NECESS>Y C\NT]P>T4 ,9/EAD ( LIV+ !IR LIVES DIRECTLY1 PEOPLE >E 9CREAS+LY S$UC$ 9TO BECOM+ M]E SPECTATORS :O CONSUME ! IMAGES ( !IR [N ALI5AT$ LIVES ?AT >E UNILAT]ALLY PRES5T$ TO !M BY ! DOM9ANT 9/ITUTIONS ( MOD]N SOCIETY4 ,! SPECTACLE IS NOT A COLLECTION ( IMAGES1 BUT MORE IMPORTANTLY IT IS A SOCIAL RELATION AMONG PEOPLE M$IAT$ BY IMAGES4 ,! MAJOR PROBLEM ) CONTEMPOR>Y M$IA IS NOT JU/ ?AT !Y ALWAYS PRES5T HI]>*ICAL P]SPECTIVES AS IF NO O!RS >E POSSIBLE 7AL?\< ?IS IDEOLOGICAL N>R[NESS ( CONT5T OBVI\SLY EXI/S74 ,IT IS A F> DEEP] PROBLEM ( ! V]Y =M OR /RUCTURE ( ! MASS M$IA4 ,9 ! 5D CONT5T IS LESS IMPORTANT ?AN ! HI]>*ICAL & ALI5AT+ /RUCTURE ( ! M$IA :I* PRES5T IT4 ,:ATEV] ! OV]T MESSAGES1 ! UBIQUIT\S1 BUT COV]T MESSAGE PRODUC$ IS ?AT EA* ( US IS ONLY A P[]LESS SPECTATOR 9 A WORLD OV] :I* WE CAN HAVE NO CONTROL4 ,\R ONLY *OICE IS TO SELECT BETWE5 ! OPTIONS ALL[$ US BY ! 9VISIBLE P[]S :I* DET]M9E EV]Y?+ ELSE4 #i ,IF \R 9/ITUTIONS1 CULTURE1 & SOCIAL RELATIONS W]E REALLY DIRECT EXPRESSIONS ( \R [N COLLECTIVE DESIRES & NE$S !Y W\LD R>ELY BE QUE/ION$4 ,!RE W\LD BE LITTLE OPPOSITION TO !M S9CE !Y W\LD BE FULFILL+ !IR PURPOSES4 ,BUT :5EV] A SY/EM ( ALI5AT+ SOCIAL RELATION%IPS IS IMPOS$ UPON PEOPLE AS \RS IS1 IT 9EVITABLY 5G5D]S WIDESPREAD RESI/ANCE4 ,SU* 5G5D]$ RESI/ANCE IS ! NATURAL RESULT ( =C+ PEOPLE TO ACCEPT AN ALI5 WAY ( LIFE AS IF IT W]E REALLY !IR [N4 ,:5EV] PEOPLE >E =C$ TO REPRESS & TO ACT AGA9/ !IR [N IMPULSES1 P]CEPTIONS1 JUDGM5T & VALUES1 !Y T5D TO REBEL -- SOMETIMES DIRECTLY1 OP5LY & CONSCI\SLY1 BUT (T5 COV]TLY1 OR EV5 UNCONSCI\SLY4 ,EV5 :5 SU* AN ALI5 SY/EM EXI/S = G5]ATIONS1 & PEOPLE >E SO 0SOCIALIZ$0 & 9DOCTR9AT$ ?AT IT COMES TO SEEM MORE REAL ?AN !IR [N SELVES1 EV5 !N !RE IS 9EVITABLY WIDESPREAD RESI/ANCE1 ?\< IT MAY EXPRESS ITSELF ONLY SPORADICALLY & L>GELY REMA9 CONF9$ TO SUBT]RANEAN UND]CURR5TS ( REBELLION OR NEGATIVITY4 ,! 9/ITUTIONALIZATION ( REPRESSION & ALI5ATION IS ALWAYS FOLL[$ BY A RETURN ( ! REPRESS$ DRIVES1 DESIRES1 & WI%ES >E SE5 AS NEV] BE+ ANNIHILAT$ \TRILY1 9/ITUTIONAL REPRESSION NEV] 5TIRELY ANNIHILATES PEOPLE'S ULTIMATELY 9]ADICABLE DESIRE TO LIVE & CONTROL !IR [N LIVES4 ,RA!R1 PEOPLE'S RESI/ANCE TO ! IMPOSITION ( ! >TIFICIAL CON/RA9TS ( FUNDAM5TALLY IRRATIONAL & AU?ORIT>IAN SOCIAL SY/EMS WILL ALWAYS CONT9UE TO BE EXPRESS$ 9 ?\S&S ( WAYS 9 EA* DAY ( EA* P]SON'S LIFE4 ,?IS 5G5D]$ RESI/ANCE )9 ! HE>T ( \R EV]YDAY LIVES IS A NATURAL & SPONTANE\S RESPONSE TO ! IMPOSITION ( AU?ORIT>IAN SOCIAL RELATION%IPS4 ,IT IS A G5]ALIZ$1 YET USUALLY UNCONSCI\S MOVEM5T ( NEGATION :I* CONTA9S )9 ITSELF ! SE$S ( ALL POT5TIALLY CONSCI\S MOVEM5TS = LIB]T>IAN SOCIAL *ANGE4 ,& 9 FACT1 MO/ O!R RADICAL POLITICAL1 SOCIAL & RELIGI\S MOVEM5TS ALSO HAVE !IR ROOTS H]E4 ,FROM A VAGUE & AMBIGU\S URGE TO 0DO SOME?+0 OR 0*ANGE ?+S01 TO M9IMAL ACTS LIKE HI<-S*OOL V&ALISM1 ON-!-JOB !FT1 & RIDICULE ( AU?ORITY FIGURES1 TO MAJOR ACTS LIKE ! DECISION TO P>TICIPATE 9 A RIOT OR WILDCAT /RIKE2 SPONTANE\S EXPRESSIONS ( NEGATIVITY MAY BE ! UNEXPLOR$ & UN*>T$ PIVOTAL PO9TS :I* HOLD ! MO/ PROMISE = G5U9E SOCIAL RADICALISM 9 ! NE> FUTURE4 ,AT ! LEA/ WE MU/ REALIZE ?AT ! EXCLUSION ( ALL BUT CONSCI\S & COH]5T ACTIVITIES FROM ONE'S P]CEPTION ( POLITICAL 0REALITY0 CAN ONLY BE SELF-DEFEAT+ :]E RADICAL P]SPECTIVES >E CONC]N$4 #a ,IT MI FROM ! TRU?4 ,9 PRACTICE1 IT BECOMES OBVI\S ?AT MANY ACTS :I* SUP]FICIALLY APPE> OPPOS$ TO HI]>*Y & CAPITAL1 >E 9 ACTUALITY QUITE COMPATIBLE ) !M4 ,!SE ACTS ( P>TIAL OPPOSITION ALWAYS BEG9 ) A BASIC ACCEPTANCE ( ! NECESSITY = HI]>*ICAL P[] & SOCIAL ALI5ATION1 & ONLY RESI/ SPECIFIC 0ABUSES0 OR 09JU/ICES0 )9 ! OV]ALL SY/EM4 ,BECAUSE P>TIAL OPPOSITION HAS SU* A N>R[ FOCUS ON RE=M+ ONLY C]TA9 ASPECTS ( ! SOCIAL /RUCTURE1 IT HAS ! P>ADOXICAL EFFECT ( /R5G!N+ ! SOCIAL SY/EM IT APPE>S TO FID G5U9E SOCIAL *ANGE1 & *ANNEL+ !SE IMPULSES T[>D ! REAL OR IMAG9$ RE=M ( ! EXI/+ SOCIAL SY/EM1 ! SY/EM NOT ONLY ELIM9ATES A ?REAT TO ITS CONT9U$ EXI/5CE1 BUT IT ALSO /R5G!NS ITS HOLD ON PEOPLE BY GIV+ ! IMPRESSION ?AT FUNDAM5TAL RE=MS MAY BE POSSIBLE BY A PIECEMEAL PROCESS1 & ?AT ANY MORE RADICAL OPPOSITION MITIAL OPPOSITION IS ALWAYS CONTR>Y TO ANY G5U9ELY RADICAL OPPOSITION BECAUSE IT ALWAYS ACCEPTS ! GR\ND RULES ( HI]>*ICAL COMMODITY SOCIETY AS ITS [N4 ,LIB]AL RE=MI/S1 0RADICAL0 MORALI/S1 & SOCIAL DEMOCRATS W\LD ALL PREF] ?AT WE F\TIAL OPPOSITION4 ,IT IS AN ATTEMPT TO APPE> TOTAL OR RADICAL1 :ILE REMA9+ ONLY P>TIAL 9 ACTUAL PRACTICE4 ,?IS TYPE ( OPPOSITION IS ESPECIALLY TYPICAL ( ,M>XI/-,L59I/ GR\PS4 ,!Y CLAIM TO BE REVOLUTION>Y1 BUT !IR ACTUAL PRACTICE REPRODUCES ALL ! HI]>*ICAL & BUREAUCRATIC T5D5CIES ( ! SOCIETY !Y CRITICIZE4 ,DESPITE !IR RADICAL PRET5SIONS1 !Y ULTIMATELY MA9TA9 ONLY A C\P D'ETAT M5TALITY & SEEK TO 9/ALL !MSELVES 9 P[] AS A NEW & 05LITIAL OPPOSITION CAN BE CALL$ SPECTACUL> OPPOSITION4 ,SPECTACUL> OPPOSITION 9VOLVES ! MANUFACTURE ( AN IMAGE ( REVOLT :I* HAS FEW OR NO ROOTS 9 ANY REAL SOCIAL EXI/5CE4 ,9 ?IS TYPE ( IMAG9>Y OPPOSITION1 CELLULOID IMAGES ( REVOLT >E CREAT$ BY 0M$IA RADICALS01 OR BY ! M$IA ITSELF1 :OSE CONT5T IS M9IMAL OR ABS5T4 ,RADICAL OPPOSITION ON ! O!R H& ATTEMPTS TO SUBV]T HI]>*Y & ALI5ATION AT !IR ROOTS4 ,IT IS ALWAYS A CONSCI\S OPPOSITION TO ! TOTALITY ( ! EXI/+ SOCIAL SY/EM S9CE IT IS BAS$ ON AN UND]/&+ ( H[ ?AT SY/EM OP]ATES 9 AN 9TEGRAT$ FA%ION AS A :OLE4 ,?IS HOLI/IC P]SPECTIVE REVEALS ?AT :5 ONLY ONE ASPECT ( ! SY/EM IS *ALL5G$1 ! SY/EM AS A :OLE WILL COMP5SATE & RECUP]ATE ! *ALL5GE UNTIL IT HAS BE5 SUFFICI5TLY DEFUZ$ & RE9TEGRAT$1 AT :I* TIME ! SY/EM IS !N ABLE TO BEG9 REV]S+ ANY RE=MS :I* NO LONG] S]VE ITS PURPOSES4 ,! ONLY TYPE ( MOVEM5T :I* CAN EV] HOPE = REAL *ANGE IS ONE :I* *ALL5GES ! SOCIAL SY/EM AS A :OLE AT ALL TIMES1 EV5 :5 IT IS CONC5TRAT+ ON P>TICUL> ASPECTS ( ?AT SY/EM4 #aa ,! ABSOLUTE ELIM9ATION ( ALL SOCIAL ALI5ATION IS PROBABLY AN IMPOSSIBILITY1 & ?OSE :O DEM& ! ATTA9M5T ( SU* AB/RACT ABSOLUTES >E MO/ LIKELY DOGMATIC FANATICS TO BE AVOID$4 ,!Y >E ! W\LD-BE ,ROBESPI]RES ( FUTURE REIGNS ( T]ROR4 ,H[EV]1 BETWE5 ! ,SCYLLA ( FANATICISM & ! ,*>YBDIS ( AN UNPR9CIPL$ & OPPORTUNI/IC RE=MISM1 LIES :AT WE BELIEVE TO BE A REALIZABLE & VIABLE CONCEPTION ( A QUALITATIVELY MORE FREE1 EQUITABLE & 5JOYABLE SOCIAL SY/EM4 ,SU* A SY/EM W\LD NOT BE 0PURE0 OR 0P]FECT01 BUT IT C\LD 9VOLVE A G5U9ELY RADICAL RE/RUCTUR+ ( SOCIETY ?AT W\LD *ANGE ! BALANCE ( SOCIAL RELATIONS -- 5D+ ! CURR5T HI/ORICAL DOM9ANCE ( HI]>*ICAL & AU?ORIT>IAN SOCIAL RELATION%IPS1 & REPLAC+ ?AT DOM9ANCE ) A SELF-RE9=C+ SY/EM ( NONHI]>*ICAL SOCIAL RELATION%IPS :I* CAN BE CALL$ A TYPE ( AN>*Y4 #ab ,AN>*Y LIT]ALLY MEANS 0NO RUL]04 ,9 ITS BE/ S5SE IT SIGNIFIES A SOCIAL SY/EM 9 :I* POLITICAL HI]>*IES & AU?ORIT>IANISM >E NOT TOL]AT$4 ,9/EAD ( HI]>*ICAL RULE BY MONOLI?IC 9/ITUTIONS OV] ! G5]AL PUBLIC1 AN>*Y 9 ?IS S5SE DEM&S ! MO/ COMPLETE1 WIDESPREAD & EFFECTIVELY DIRECT CONTROL POSSIBLE BY ALL ?OSE :O >E 9VOLV$4 ,?IS DOES NOT JU/ MEAN ?AT AN>*I/S HAVE SOME SORT ( VAGUE OR AB/RACT BELIEF 9 0DEMOCRACY01 OR 0CONS5SUS01 OR 09DIVIDUALISM04 ,?IS MEANS ?AT AN>*I/S DEM& EXPLICITLY DIRECT & CONCRETE POPUL> P>TICIPATION )9 & CONTROL ( EV]Y SIGNIFICANT SOCIAL 9/ITUTION BY ?OSE :O >E AFFECT$ BY !M -- NOT JU/ CONTROL OV] 9/ITUTIONAL ORGANIZATION & MANAGEM5T1 BUT ALSO & JU/ AS IMPORTANTLY1 OV] !IR DIRECTION1 5DS & V]Y EXI/5CE4 ,?IS CAN ONLY BE A*IEV$ ?R\< WIDESPREAD & CONSCI\S COMMITM5T TO LIB]T>IAN SOCIAL & 9/ITUTIONAL VALUES & PRACTICES 7SELF-MANAGEM5T1 SPONTANEITY1 AUTONOMY1 COOP]ATION1 HUMAN-SCALE ORGANIZATION1 DIRECT RESPONSIBILITY_/ACC\NTABILITY_/ACTION1 & MAXIMUM FLEXIBILITY7 )9 A REORGANIZ$ 9/ITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK C5T]$ >\ND V]Y SPECIFIC1 WORKABLE & EFFECTIVE MEANS ( LIB]T>IAN COMMUNICATION & DECISION-MAK+4 #ac ,ANY G5U9E RESI/ANCE & OPPOSITION TO HI]>*ICAL SOCIETY -- ANY MOVEM5T :I* SEEKS TO MAKE A REAL & SIGNIFICANT QUALITATIVE *ANGE 9 ! WAY SOCIETY IS ORGANIZ$ -- MU/ BE A SELF-CONSCI\SLY & CRITICALLY RADICAL SOCIAL MOVEM5T4 ,& ANY SU* MOVEM5T MU/ 9VOLVE AS ITS C5TRAL FEATURE A PREFIGUR+ ( ! TYPE ( SOCIETY :I* IT SEEKS TO CREATE1 BO? 9 ITS [N ORGANIZATION & 9 ! QUALITY ( ! EV]YDAY SOCIAL RELATION%IPS :I* IT FO/]S4 ,! CONCEPT ( PREFIGUREM5T IS ANO!R WAY ( SAY+ ?AT ! MEANS ( SOCIAL TRANS=MATION L>GELY DET]M9E ! 5D :I* IS PRODUC$4 ,?US A TRADITIONALLY ,M>XI/-,L59I/ MOVEM5T WILL ALMO/ 9V>IABLY TRANSLATE ! DICTATORIAL /YLE ( ITS TYPICAL MEANS 7HI]>*ICAL POLITICAL P>TY ORGANIZATION1 IDEOLOGICAL & DOGMATIC ?9K+1 0DEMOCRATIC C5TRALISM01 A VANGU>DI/ M5TALITY1 & G5]ALLY CONS]VATIVE SOCIAL VALUES7 9TO ! ACTUAL MONOLI?IC BUREAUCRATIC DICTATOR%IPS WE HAVE COME TO EXPECT AS ITS 5D 7,RUSSIA1 ,*9A1 ,CUBA1 ,VIETNAM1 ETC474 ,:ILE ON ! CONTR>Y1 LIB]T>IAN REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5TS ATTEMPT TO CREATE ALT]NATIVE ORGANIZATIONS & C\NT]-9/ITUTIONS 7DIRECTLY & DEMOCRATICALLY CONTROLL$7 AS MEANS T[>D ! 5D ( CREAT+ A G5U9ELY SELF-MANAG$ SOCIETY4 ,9 PRACTICE !SE ORGANIZATIONS CAN BE 7& HAVE BE57 AS DIV]SE AS AN>*I/ AFF9ITY GR\PS & F$]ATIONS2 RANK-&-FILE WORK]S GR\PS1 AN>*O-SYNDICALI/ UNIONS1 & FACTORY COMMITTEES OR C\NCILS2 LIB]T>IAN COMMUNITY GR\PS1 NEIIES & DOCUM5TATION C5T]S TO CAFES & PUNK CLUBS2 AS WELL AS GU]RILLA GR\PS & FACTORY OR COMMUNITY SELF-DEF5SE GR\PS & MILITIAS :5 NECESS>Y4 #ad ,WE UND]/& ?AT ! CONDITIONS ( \R LIVES & \R EXP]I5CES 9 ! DOM9ANT SOCIAL 9/ITUTIONS CON/ANTLY DRIVE US TO QUE/ION1 RESI/1 & F9D ! ME?ODS ( ORGANIZATION :I* *ALL5GE ! E/ABLI%$ SOCIAL ORD] & E/ABLI%$ PATT]NS ( ?\E FRAGM5T$1 DISPOSSESS$ ( ! MEANS ( COMMUNICATION1 & WE >E ALL AT DIFF]5T LEVELS ( AW>5ESS & CONSCI\SNESS4 ,COLUMBIA ,AN>*I/ ,LEAGUE IS ONE SMALL SELF-ORGANIZ$ GR\P )9 A WORLDWIDE MOVEM5T ( PEOPLE :O >E COMMITT$ TO *ALL5G+ !IR LIVES & TRANS=M+ !IR WORLD4 ,WE DO NOT SEE \RSELVES AS YET ANO!R LEAD]%IP LOOK+ = FOLL[]S1 BUT AS A GR\P ( LIKE-M9D$ PEOPLE WORK+ T[>D A MORE LIB]T>IAN SOCIETY4 ,WE SEEK TO HELP DEMY/IFY ALL ! IDEOLOGICAL PRET5SIONS :I* P>ALYZE PEOPLE & LEAVE !M P[]LESS TO ACT \TSIDE ( E/ABLI%$ 9/ITUTIONS4 ,WE SEEK TO *ALL5GE EV]Y 9/ANCE ( HI]>*Y1 EXPLOITATION1 ALI5ATION & MY/IFICATION1 TO /IMULATE1 5C\RAGE & HELP PEOPLE :O >E 9VOLV$ 9 LIB]T>IAN /RUGGLES1 & TO G5]ALIZE \R EXP]I5CES1 TO MAKE A TOTAL CRITIQUE ( \R CONDITION & ITS CAUSES1 & TO HELP DEVELOP ! WIDESPREAD REVOLUTION>Y CONSCI\SNESS & ACTIVITY NECESS>Y = ! TOTAL TRANS=MATION ( LIFE4 .<#a.> ,= A MORE DETAIL$ DESCRIPTION ( ! CONCEPT ( *>ACT] FROM \R P]SPECTIVE1 SEE 0,BEYOND ,*>ACT] & ,MORALITY01 AVAILABLE FROM ! ,C4,A4,L4 -- S5D AN ,S,A,S,E4 ,SEE ABRIDG$ =M 9 ,RE9V5T+ ,AN>*Y3 ,:AT >E ! ,AN>*I/S ,?9K+ !SE ,DAYS8 $IT$ BY ,EHRLI*1 ,EHRLI*1 ,DE,LEON @& ,MORRIS2 PUBLI%$ BY ,R\TL$GE @& ,KEGAN ,PAUL 7#a#i#g#i74 ,SEE ALSO ,WILHELM ,REI*3 ,*>ACT] ,ANALYSIS PUBLI%$ BY ,NOONDAY ,PRESS4 .<#b.> ,= A MORE DETAIL$ DESCRIPTION ( IDEOLOGICAL OR POSITIVE !ORY1 AS WELL AS ITS CONTRA/ ) CRITICAL !ORY1 SEE ,C,A,L'S 0,AN 9TRODUCTION TO CRITICAL !ORY40 ,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 ,*RONOLOGY 3 ,NOVEMB] #c1 #aihd 3 ,AS ,WE ,SEE ,IT6 -- ,PUBLICATION4 ,APRIL #a#h1 #bb 3 ,AS ,WE ,SEE ,IT6 -- ,ADD$4 ,JANU>Y #c1 #bbb 3 ,AS ,WE ,SEE ,IT6 -- ,UPDAT$4 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3 HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/