,*APT] #bh 
,EUROPEAN ,HOLIDAY3 ,W> ,%AD[S ,DEEP5 

#aideaide 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,ROSE ,PESOTTA 

,TEXT 3 

,*,A,P,T,] #bh 

,EUROPEAN ,HOLIDAY3 ,W> ,%AD[S ,DEEP5 

,M,Y ,E,U,R,O,P,E,A,N ,H,O,L,I,D,A,Y WAS BRIEF BUT FULL ( EXCITEM5T & DIV]SION4 
,ON ! ,S,S ,MANHATTAN#a ! PASS5G]S 9CLUD$ A Y\NG ,SPANI% C\PLE 
HOMEW>D B\ND FROM A MISSION 9 ,MEXICO4 ,>D5T ,LOYALI/S1 !Y W]E 
EAG] TO RETURN TO !IR NATIVE ,B>CELONA & JO9 !IR COMPATRIOTS 9 FI<T+ 
! ,FASCI/ ,FRANCO4 ,! VOYAGE WAS RE/FUL1 & :5 WE /EPP$ D[N AT 
,LE ,HAVRE1 ,FRANCE1 & BO>D$ ! T\RI/ SPECIAL = ,P>IS ,I WAS READY TO GO 
PLACES4 

,! FIR/ TIME ,I SAW ,P>IS ! PICTURE WAS NOT PRETTY4 ,9 ,G>E ,/4 ,LAZ>E 
PORT]S Y\NG & OLD TOOK \R LUGGAGE1 HANG+ ! V>I\S PIECES ON 
LEA!R BELTS SUSP5D$ FROM !IR %\LD]S4 ,) !SE LOADS DANGL+ 9 
FRONT & BACK ( !M1 !Y C\LD H>DLY WALK TO ! WAIT+ TAXIS4 ,IT W\LD 
HAVE BE5 MU* BETT] TO PUT ! BAGGAGE ON SMALL TRUCKS1 BUT ,I SAW NONE 9 
?AT DEPOT4 

,WE >RIV$ E>LY 9 ,DECEMB] ON A MURKY DAY1 MY ,SPANI% COMPANIONS 
*ECK+ 9 AT A P5SION AT ,CITE ,B]G]E_/9 AN 5CLOS$ C\RTY>D BACK ( 
! FAM\S ,FOLIES ,B]G]E4 ,AT !IR SUGGE/ION ,I DID LIKEWISE4 ,AN EMACIAT$ 
MIDDLE-AG$ WOMAN GRABB$ MY SMALL /EAM] TRUNK & BEGAN 
DRAGG+ IT UP/AIRS1 %E BE+ ! ONLY PORT] !RE4 

,LAT] WE BO>D$ A CAB :I* LOOK$ TO ME LIKE A ,MODEL ,T ,=D & 
DROVE TO ! (FICE ( ! ,SPANI% ,RELIEF ,SOCIETY 9 ,RUE ,SA9T ,D5IS1 :]E 
WE LE>N$ ?AT EV]YBODY WAS ATT5D+ ! ,SYNDICALI/ ,CONF]5CE AT 
,MUTUALITE4 

,TO ?AT PEOPLE'S MEET+ H\SE WE PROCE$$ AT ONCE1 & IT WAS PLEASANT 
TO MEET OLD FRI5DS1 AMONG !M ! VET]AN REVOLUTIONI/ ,EMMA ,GOLDMAN1 
:OM ,I HAD LA/ SE5 9 ,MONTREAL :5 %E WAS LECTURE-T\R+ 9 
#a#i#c#d1 & ,MOLLIE & ,S5IA ,FLE%9E1 ONCE ( ,NEW 
,YORK1 :O HAD A*IEV$ A REPUTATION AS PORTRAIT PHOTOGRAPH]S UND] ! 
NAME ,S,E,M,O 9 ,P>IS4 

,I HAD MEMORABLE TALKS ) DELEGATES FROM ,NORWAY1 ,SW$51 ,HOLL&1 
,POL&1 ,G]MANY1 ,ITALY1 ,*ILI1 & ,FRANCE1 & P>TICUL>LY ) F\R FROM 
! ,CONF$]ACION ,NACIONAL DEL ,TRABAJO1 7,C,N,T7 ! SYNDICALI/ F$]ATION1 
L>GE/ LABOR ORGANIZATION 9 ,SPA91 ) #b11 MEMB]S4 ,! LATT] F\R 
HAD COME SUB ROSA FROM ,MADRID1 ,VAL5CIA1 & ,B>CELONA1 RISK+ !IR LIVES 
TO ATT5D ?IS CONF]5CE4 ,O!RS FROM ,NAZI & ,FASCI/ C\NTRIES W]E 
EXILES4 

,!IR HE>T-R5D+ PLEA = SUPPORT = !IR JU/ CAUSE IS /ILL R++ 
9 MY E>S3 

0,IF Y\R DEMOCRATIC C\NTRIES1 ,FRANCE1 ,5GL&1 & ,AM]ICA DO NOT 
SUPPLY US ) ! NECESS>Y EQUIPM5T N[1 SU* AS FOOD1 CLO?+1 & 
AMMUNITION1 = :I* WE >E WILL+ TO PAY 9 GOLD CURR5CY WE WILL LOSE1 
BUT Y\R DEMOCRACY WILL NOT BE ANY SAF] !N4 4 4 4 ,! 5EMIES ( HUMAN 
RI<TS >E US+ \R CIVIL W> AS !IR /AGE TO TE/ !IR NEW WEAPONS1 NEW 
MA*9E GUNS1 NEW AIRPLANES4 4 4 4 ,\R PEOPLE 4 4 4 \R *ILDR5 4 4 4 \R CITIES 
>E S]V+ !M AS T>GETS N[1 BUT Y\RS WILL FOLL[ 9 \R WAKE4444 ,WE >E 
DET]M9$ TO FI<T TO ! LA/4444 ,\R PEOPLE CRY ,NO ,PAS>AN ,I ,!Y %ALL NOT 
PASS6 4 4 4 ,WE WILL DIE DEF5D+ \R RI<TS TO FRE$OM & LIB]TY N[1 
*OOS+ TO DIE ON \R FEET RA!R ?AN LIVE ON \R KNEES44440 

,& DIE !Y DID4 

,LOOK+ WELL 9 SPITE ( H] ADVANC+ YE>S1 ,EMMA ,GOLDMAN N[ MADE 
H] HOME 9 ,LONDON4 ,%E HAD KN[N GREAT H>D%IP1 & HAD L$ A FI<T+ 
LIFE1 9 BEHALF ( ! RI<T ( ! MASSES TO LEAD DEC5T LIVES1 BUT %E /ILL HAD 
AN A/ONI%+ FUND ( 5]GY4 ,SOME 9N] FIRE SEEM$ TO SU/A9 H]4 ,! 
BLUE EYES W]E MELL[$ ) AGE1 BUT H] FACE REMA9$ SMOO?1 & %E 
/ILL HAD ! FAIR COMPLEXION ?AT HAD SO IMPRESS$ ME TWO DECADES E>LI]4 

,LATELY %E HAD RETURN$ FROM ,SPA94 ,& AS AN EYE-WITNESS1 :O HAD 
SP5T MU* TIME 9 BO? ! ,SPANI% CITIES & ! RURAL DI/RICTS1 %E GAVE US 
A COMPELL+ PICTURE ( ?OSE :O W]E VALIANTLY DEF5D+ !IR REPUBLIC1 
! 9DU/RIAL WORK]S & PEASANTS :O HAD SO FEW FRI5DS 9 ,FRANCE1 
,5GL&1 & ! ,AM]ICAS4 ,%E TOLD ALSO ( ! COOP]ATIVE MOVEM5T :I* HAD GR[N /RONG 9 MANY 
CITIES & T[NS1 P>TICUL>LY 9 ,CATALONIA1 ! C>E GIV5 TO *ILDR51 & ! 
RISE ( WOM51 :O W]E COM+ 9TO !IR [N AFT] C5TURIES ( ,ORI5TAL 
SUBS]VI5CE4 ,:5 ONE REMEMB]$ ?AT ALL ?IS WAS A*IEV$ :ILE ! 
,SPANI% PEOPLE W]E FI<T+ (F A P[]FUL & REL5TLESS 5EMY1 ONE WAS 
AW$4 

,& IT WAS NO SECRET TO ! BRAVE FI<T]S ?AT :ILE FOOD & AMMUNITION 
W]E D5I$ !M BY ! DEMOCRATIC NATIONS1 ,NAZI & ,FASCI/ PLANES 
CROSS$ ,FRANCE NI<TLY LOAD$ ) M51 FOOD1 & O!R EQUIPM5T TO AID 
,FRANCO'S =CES4 

,NEXT DAY ,EMMA >RANG$ A PRIVATE LUN*EON1 AT :I* ! ,SPANI% 
DELEGATES MADE CLE>] TO ME ! AGONY1 ! T]ROR1 9 :I* !IR NATION 
LIV$4 ,M>IANO ,VASQUEZ1 G5]AL SECRET>Y ( ! ,C,N,T 9 ,CATALONIA1 C5TRAL 
FIGURE ( ! GR\P1 APPE>$ ANY?+ BUT AN ,AM]ICAN'S CONCEPTION ( A 
P[]FUL LABOR LEAD]4 

,( PEASANT /OCK1 /RONG & HEAL?Y & SEEM+ OLD] ?AT HIS #bf YE>S1 
HE WAS DRESS$ 9 A PAIR ( WORN-\T %OES1 BAGGY PANTS ?AT NEV] 
KNEW ! CREASE ( AN IRON1 HIS %IRT OP5 AT ! COLL> ) A PULL-OV] 
SWEAT]_/A GIFT FROM ,AM]ICAN TRADE UNIONI/S4 

,IMPASSION$ 9 HIS TALK1 HE HAMM]$ HOME HIS PO9T ) A CL5*$ 
FI/4 

0,GO BACK TO Y\R ,AM]ICANOS & TELL !M ,I SAID ?IS3 IF !Y DON'T S5D 
US AMMUNITION_/! K9D Y\R PR(ITE]S SELL TO \R 5EMIES_/WE WILL DIE1 
BUT Y\R PEOPLE WILL NOT LIVE 9 PEACE 4 4 4 !SE ,FASCI/S WILL GO AFT] Y\ 
LAT]1 BUT !Y WILL BE MU* /RONG] & MU* MORE BLOOD WILL BE %$ & 
MANY MORE PEOPLE WILL DIE & CITIES WILL BE DE/ROY$4444 ,GO BACK & TELL 
!M ?AT A D MORE 4 4 4 ?AT \R *ILDR5 >E DY+ 9 ! /REETS FROM BOMBS 
?R[N FROM AIRPLANES4444 ,ONLY :5 Y\R *ILDR5 DIE FROM BOMBS ?R[N 
FROM 5EMY AIRPLANES WILL Y\R PEOPLE KN[ ! K9D ( W> WE >E N[ 
FI<T+4444 ,IT IS Y\R W> AS WELL AS \RS 444 ! ATTACK ON US N[ IS ONLY A 
PRELUDE TO A GREAT] T]ROR ?AT IS TO COME40 

,YET ALL ,I C\LD TELL HIM TO SAY TO HIS PEOPLE1 WAS ?AT \R UNION1 TOGE!R 
) ! RE/ ( ! PROGRESSIVE ,AM]ICAN LABOR MOVEM5T1 W\LD CONT9UE 
TO SUPPORT !M MORALLY & F9ANCIALLY2 ?AT \R PEOPLE W\LD CONT9UE TO 
5LI/ 9 !IR >MY AS VOLUNTE]S2 BUT ?AT \R C\NTRY WAS B\ND TO ADH]E TO A /RICT >TIFICIAL NEUTRALITY 9 AN ]A ( 
APPEASEM5T :I* WAS BEYOND \R CONTROL4 

,9 ! EV5+ ! ,S,I,A1 ! ,SYNDICALI/ ,9T]NATIONAL ,ANTI-,FASCI/A1 
HELD A MASS-MEET+ 9 ! ,REPUBLIQUE1 A L>GE DIM-LIT HALL 9 ! 
WORK+-CLASS SECTION ( ,P>IS1 :]E ,I W5T ) MY FRI5DS4 ,ON ! 
/REETS NE> BY ,I SAW NUM]\S G5D>MES1 SMALL 9 /ATURE & DRESS$ 9 
!IR PICTURESQUE %ORT BLUE CAPES1 R$-L9$1 /&+ 9 DOORWAYS 
WAIT+ = SOME?+ TO HAPP54 ,BUT AL?\< ! GA!R+ WAS EMOTIONAL 
5\<1 !RE WAS NO DISORD]1 ! CLIMAX BE+ A SOLEMN PL$GE BY 
ORGANIZ$ ,P>ISIAN WORK]S ( SOLID>ITY ) !IR FELL[ WORK]S 9 ,SPA94 

,/&+ UND] A SPOT-LI<T ON ! PLAT=M ! SPEAK]S TOLD TRAGIC 
& /IRR+ /ORIES AB\T ! ,LOYALI/S4 ,9 FACE ( ! CIVIL W> & ! SAVAGE 
,FASCI/ ONSLAU<TS1 !Y HAD KEPT UP !IR CON/RUCTIVE WORK4 

,AS ! ,FR5* WORK]S ALL AB\T ME LI/5$ & NODD$ !IR APPROVAL1 IT 
WAS EVID5T ?AT !Y HAD TI<T5$ !IR LIPS AS WELL AS !IR BELTS4 ,) ! 
M5 SEAT$ 9 ! MIDDLE ( ! HALL & ! WOM5 /&+ ALONG ! WALLS1 
,I HAD A *ANCE TO WAT* !IR FACIAL EXPRESSIONS4 ,I SAW \TW>D DOCILITY !RE1 
BUT IT WAS EASY = ME TO BELIEVE ?AT !Y W]E CONCEAL+ AN 9W>D 
REBELLION :I* MI<T AT ANY TIME FL>E 9TO REVOLT 9 ! ,P>ISIAN TRADITION4 

,= A NEW REACTION WAS SWEEP+ OV] ,FRANCE 9 ! WAKE ( ! 
ILL-FAT$ ,POPUL> ,FRONT ,GOV]NM5T1 ) ,PREMI] ,CAMILLE ,*AUTEMPS1 
S]VILE & EAG] TO PLEASE ! REACTION>Y =CES ?AT W]E FA/ DRIV+ ! 
,FR5* PEOPLE 9TO OBLIVION4 

,ALL IMPROVEM5TS SO DE>LY WON ?R\< ! /AY-9 /RIKES DUR+ 
! %ORT-LIV$ ,FRONT ,POPULAIRE UND] ,PREMI] ,LEON ,BLUM W]E BE+ 
WIP$ \T2 H\RS ( WORK BECAME LONG]1 WAGES SKIMPI]1 VACATIONS %ORT]4 

,MEAN:ILE ! ,FASCI/S BOA/$ ?AT !Y W\LD SOON TAKE OV] ! 
GOV]NM5T & E/ABLI% A REAL DICTATOR%IP4 ,EVID5CE ( !IR PREP>ATIONS 
C\LD BE SE5 AT EV]Y TURN4 ,ONCE ,MOLLIE ,FLE%9E & ,I1 \T = AN EV5+ 
WALK1 /UMBL$ 9TO A ,KEEP ,(F SIGN M>K$ BY A R$ LI<T4 ,?9K+ IT 
9DICAT$ A SEW] REPAIR JOB1 ,IWAS AB\T TO PASS ON1 :5 ,MOLLIE EXPLA9$3 
0,!RE WAS AN EXPLOSION H]E LA/ NI<T1 & ! POLICE F\ND A SUBT]RANEAN 
PASSAGE :I* WAS A V]ITABLE >S5AL4 ,! ,FASCI/S W]E SMUGGL+ 9 FIRE>MS & 
AMMUNITION4 ,NO >RE/S W]E MADE40 

,AFT] ! OP5 RAPE ( DEMOCRACY 9 ,SPA91 :ILE ,FRANCE1 ,5GL&1 & 
! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES1 TO !IR EV]LA/+ %AME1 HURRI$LY RECOGNIZ$ ! NEW 
,FASCI/ REGIME :I* PL$G$ ITS IRON ORE TO ,HITL]1 ,FRANCO'S ,MOORI% >MY 
WAS MOPP+ UP ! REMNANTS ( ! ,LOYALI/S4 ,BY T5S ( ?\S&S ! 
9VAD]S %OT !M D[N 9 COLD BLOOD1 NOT SP>+ OLD WOM5 & 9FANTS2 
HUNDR$S ( ?\S&S ( ,SPANI>DS W]E IMPRISON$ = LIFE1 O!RS 
S5T5C$ TO H>D LABOR2 *ILDR5 :O REMA9$ ORPHAN$ W]E TAK5 BY ! 
,FASCI/S & !IR Y\NG M9DS W]E POISON$ BY 9HUMAN DOCTR9ES1 !IR 
BODIES BROK5 9TO ! DETE/$ GOOSE-/EP4 ,& :ILE MANY ( ! 
L[] ,CA?OLIC CL]GY 9 ,SPA9 AID$ ! ,LOYALI/S1 ! HI]>*Y !RE OP5LY 
SID$ ) ,FRANCO & ! 9FIDEL ,MOORS4 

,AW>5ESS ( !SE BRUTAL ?+S PRESS$ 9 UPON ! ,FR5* PEOPLE4 

,ON ! SECOND DAY ,I F\ND4 ! VIC9ITY ( ! BE/ KN[N BURLESQUE 
H\SE 9 ,P>IS A BIT TOO RAUC\S & MOV$ TO A SMALL BUT COM=TABLE 
BO>D+-HOTEL1 ! ,TRIANON1 OPPOSITE ! ,SORBONNE 9 ,B\LEV>D ,SA9T 
,MI*EL1 :I* REFLECT$ SOME ( ! ATMOSPH]E ( ?AT FAM\S UNIV]SITY4 
,:5 ! CONF]5CE SESSIONS ADJ\RN$1 ,I SET \T ,T,O EXPLORE ! CITY 9 MY 
[N WAY4 

,PEACE-TIME T\RI/S 9 ,P>IS G5]ALLY RODE 9 A LIFT TO ! TOP ( ! 
#i#h#d-FOOT ,EIFFEL ,T[]1 :I* (F]$ A M>VEL\S VIEW ( ! CITY2 
VISIT$ ! ,PAN!ON1 :]E MO/ ( ,FRANCE'S FAM\S M5 & WOM5 ( ! 
PA/ REPOSE 9 SPECIAL VAULTS2 SAW ! PA9T+S & SCULPTURES 9 ! ,L\V]2 
W]E AW$ BY ! DIM SIL5CE ( ,NOT] ,DAME ,CA!DRAL2 MADE TRIPS TO 
,V]SAILLES1 ! ,LAT9 ,QU>T]1 ! ,LUXEMB\RG1 & AN 5DLESS LI/ ( 
HI/ORICAL L&M>KS PO9T$ \T BY GUIDES FROM ! ,AM]ICAN ,EXPRESS1 ! 
T\RI/S' BE/ FRI5D ABROAD4 

,BUT !RE W]E O!RS :O MADE PILGRIMAGES TO ,FRANCE & :O W]E NOT 
9T]E/$ 9 ! CONV5TIONAL 0SI<TS40 ,!Y CAME TO VISIT ! 
POPPY-COV]$ BATTLEFIELDS ( ! FIR/ ,WORLD 
,W>_/,*ATEA-,?I]RY1 ,BELLEAU ,WOOD1 ,RHEIMS1 ,V]DUN1 ,>GONNE1 
,SOISSONS1 & ! RE/_/& TO LAY FL[]S ON C]TA9 GRAVES 9 VA/ FIELDS ( 
:ITE WOOD5 CROSSES4 

,MOLLIE ,FLE%9E HAD TIME TO GO W&]+2 & SO ,I GOT TO SEE PLACES (F ! 
BEAT5 TRACK1 )\T B5EFIT ( ! /]EOTYP$ SPIELS ( ! PR(ESSIONAL 
GUIDES4 ,I HAD NO TIME = ! GLITT]+ %[ SPOTS1 BUT DID VISIT ! SITE ( ! 
,BA/ILLE1 ! ILL-FAM$ PRISON /ORM$ BY ! PEOPLE ( ! CITY1 9 ! 
,GREAT ,FR5* ,REVOLUTION ( #a#g#h#i1 :I* SET UP ! FIR/ ,REPUBLIC4#b ,JULY #a#d1 
! DAY ON :I* ! MIS]ABLE CAPTIVES 9 ! ,BA/ILLE W]E TURN$ LOOSE BY 
! REVOLT+ POPULACE HAD EV] S9CE BE5 CELEBRAT$ LIKE \R ,F\R? ( ,JULY4 
,I SAW ! WALL :]E MORE ?AN #c1 M51 WOM51 & *ILDR5 W]E %OT 
9 ,M>*1 #a#h#g#a1 AFT] ! ,P>IS ,COMMUNE WAS CRU%$4 ,& ,I MADE DAILY 
TRIPS 9TO ! POOR] SECTIONS ( ! CITY1 9T]E/$ ALWAYS 9 SEE+ H[ ! 
PLA9 PEOPLE LIV$4 

,CROSS+ ! BRIDGES OV] ! N>R[ ,SAN ,M>T9 ,CANAL1 WE W\LD WAT* 
! HEAVY B>GES1 LOAD$ ) S&1 BRICKS1 GRAVEL1 & WOOD1 MOV+ P>TLY 
UND]GR\ND TO ! 9DU/RIAL >EAS ( ,P>IS4 ,M5 & WOM5 :O [N$ 
!SE B>GES MADE !IR HOMES ON BO>D4 ,!Y W\LD PU% !M FROM LOCK 
TO LOCK1 /RA9+ EV]Y MUSCLE AS !Y /RODE ALONG ! CANAL BANKS & 
MOPP+ SWEAT FROM !IR BR[S ) DIRTY RAGS4 ,IT WAS REM9ISC5T ( ! 
,VOLGA ,BOATM5 ( ,RUSSIA'S BYGONE DAYS1 OR ,SEATTLE'S ,TUG ,BOAT ,ANNIE 9 ! 
MOVIE />R+ ,WALLACE ,BE]Y & ! LATE ,M>IE ,DRESSL]2 BUT NO T\RI/ 
W\LD EXPECT TO WITNESS SU* A SC5E M ! HE>T ( ?IS CITY1 R5[N$ = 
ITS GAIETY4 

,D\BTLESS !RE W]E LOVELY WOM5 9 ! SALONS & %[-ROOMS 
DISPLAY+ LUXURI\S G[NS1 /UNN+ HATS1 & EXQUISITE JEWELRY1 BUT ! 
WOM5 ,I MET1 ) M9OR EXCEPTIONS1 W]E OV]BURD5$ & OV]WORK$1 
!IR FACES L9$ ) WORRY4 ,ONLY 9 ,P>IS DID ,I SEE WOM5 DO+ !IR 
MORN+ %OPP+ DRESS$ 9 SOIL$ BA?ROBES & DILAPIDAT$ H\SE %OES2 
) FACES UNWA%$1 HAIR DI%EVEL$1 !Y DID NOT APPE> *IC4 ,CONSID]+ 
?AT RUNN+ WAT]1 LET ALONE HOT WAT]1 WAS /ILL A LUXURY 9 MANY OLD H\SES 
:]E ! WAGE E>N]S ( ,P>IS LIV$1 ,I WOND]$ H[ !Y MANAG$ TO 
KEEP CLEAN AT ALL4 

,VISIT+ ! LABOR UNION (FICES1 ,I LE>N$ ?AT !Y HAD A DIFF]5T 
CONCEPTION ( TRADE UNIONISM FROM \RS4 ,TALK+ ) AN (FICIAL ( ! 
TYPOGRAPHICAL UNION1 ,I ASK$ HIM H[ MANY MEMB]S IT HAD4 ,HE DIDN'T 
KN[4 0,CAN Y\ GIVE ME AN APPROXIMATE IDEA80 ,I P]SI/$4 

0,WE 9 ,FRANCE10 HE REPLI$1 SOME:AT ANNOY$1 0>E NOT LIKE Y\ 
,AM]ICANS1 ALWAYS 9T]E/$ 9 NUMB]S4 ,WE >E MORE 9T]E/$ 9 IDEAS40 

,I SUGGE/$ ?AT !Y'D BETT] SCRUT9IZE ! IDEAS ( !IR MEMB]S1 OR ?OSE 
IDEAS W\LD BECOME M]E EMPTY PHRASES4 ,HE LOOK$ AT ME BEWILD]$4 

0,F> BE IT FROM ME TO LECTURE Y\10 ,I V5TUR$4 0,Y\ WILL HAVE TO EXCUSE 
MY IGNORANCE1 BUT ,I HAVE NOT YET SE5 ANY GREAT 5?USIASM AMONG ! 
WORK+ PEOPLE H]E1 & ,I AM AFRAID IT BODES NO GOOD40 

,D\BTLESS HE ?\<T ?AT ,I1 COM+ FROM ANO!R C\NTRY1 KNEW NO?+ 
AB\T ! =CES ?AT W]E UND]M9+ ! F\NDATIONS ( ! ,FR5* LABOR 
MOVEM5T4 

,TOGE!R ) ! ,FLE%9ES & A Y\NG ,AM]ICAN :O HAD S]V$ = 
MON?S AS AN ,5GLI% RADIO COMM5TATOR = ! ,LOYALI/S 9 ,B>CELONA1 WE 
MADE A TRIP 9TO ! 9T]IOR ( ,FRANCE OV] ! ,*RI/MAS WEEK-5D1 
VISIT+ SOME ( ! FAM\S *ATEAUS 9 ,ORLEANS1 ,BLOIS1 ,AMBOISE1 & ,T\R1 
BIR?PLACE ( ,BALZAC4 ,5 R\TE ,I HAD AN OPPORTUNITY TO OBS]VE H[ ! 
SIMPLE ,FR5* F>M]S LIV$ _/SOME MAK+ HOMES 9 CAVES_/9 ! 
M\NTA9S & HILLS2 BUT !Y LOOK$ MU* HEAL?I] & BETT] F$ ?AN ! 
CITY WORK]S ( ! CAPITAL4 

,ON A FLY+ TRIP TO ,G5EVA1 ,I SAW ! SN[-COV]$ ,ALPS1 & !Y 
DID NOT LIVE UP TO ! CLAIMS ,I HAD HE>D MADE = !M4 ,I /ILL BELIEVE ?AT \R 
,PACIFIC ,NOR?WE/ IS ! MO/ BEAUTIFUL REGION 9 ! WORLD4 ,! ,AM]ICAN 
T\RI/ W\LD DO WELL TO SEE HIS [N C\NTRY1 ITS PLA9S1 M\NTA9S1 & 
LAKES1 ITS BROAD EXPANSE ACROSS A GREAT CONT95T1 TO APPRECIATE ITS SC5IC 
BEAUTY & VA/ SPACES & HEI<TS4 

,BUT ,G5EVA HELD MY 9T]E/ ) ITS CLEANL9ESS & QUA9TNESS4 ,IT IS ! 
WORLD'S WAT*MAK+ C5T]4 ,:]EV] ONE GOES ONE SEES FACES ( WAT*ES1 
SMALL & L>GE1 SOME ) MOV+ P5DULUMS1 & MANY ) ALL SORTS ( 
CURI\S GADGETS4 ,SOME :I* >E PRIC$ AT ?\S&S ( DOLL>S1 HAVE TAK5 YE>S ( CRAFTSMAN%IP TO CREATE4 ,! 
WAT*MAK]S'S TRADE !RE IS H&$ D[N FROM FA!R TO SON4 

,MY *IEF REASON = GO+ TO ,G5EVA1 H[EV]1 WAS TO VISIT ! ,LEAGUE ( 
,NATIONS 9 ITS IMPOS+ PALACE & ! ,9T]NATIONAL ,LABOR ,(FICE4 ,BORN AT ! 
CLOSE ( ,WORLD ,W> ,I AS AN (F%OOT ( ! ,LEAGUE1 ! SELF-DECL>$ 
PURPOSE ( ! ,I,L,O WAS TO S]VE AS 0P>T ( A REVOLUTION>Y MA*9]Y = 
MAK+ POSSIBLE A BETT] & SECUR] WORLD 0 

,IT CAME 9TO BE+ AT ! DEM& ( ! WORK]S ( ,ALLI$ NATIONS1 :O 
MA9TA9$ ?AT AN 9T]NATIONAL AGREEM5T WAS ESS5TIAL TO BR+ AB\T 
WORLD-WIDE IMPROVEM5T 9 LABOR CONDITIONS1 & HELP ELIM9ATE 
9JU/ICES TO WORK]S EV]Y:]E4 ,9 ITS CON/ITUTION ! ,I,L,O DEF9$ ITS 
PR9CIPLES AS FOLL[S3 #a4 ,UNIV]SAL PEACE CAN BE E/ABLI%$ ONLY IF IT IS BAS$ 
ON SOCIAL JU/ICE2 #b4 ,! FAILURE ( ANY NATION TO ADOPT HUMANE CONDITIONS ( 
LABOR IS AN OB/ACLE 9 ! WAY ( O!R NATIONS :I* DESIRE TO IMPROVE 
CONDITIONS 9 !IR [N C\NTRIES4 

,I MET ) SEV]AL ,AM]ICAN /UD5TS :O HAD WORK$ = ! ,I,L,O & 
:O FELT ?AT !Y HAD WA/$ !IR TIME KEEP+ NEAT RECORDS & /ATI/ICS 
!RE ON QUE/IONS ( H\RS1 ACCID5T PREV5TION1 & PROTECTION ( WOM5 
& *ILDR5 9 9DU/RY COMPIL$ 9 L>GE NEAT VOLUMES1 SIMPLY TO BE MAIL$ 
UPON REQUE/4 

,UN=TUNATELY ! ,I,L,O FUNCTION$ M]ELY 9 AN ADVISORY CAPACITY1 LACK+ 
ANY AU?ORITY TO 5=CE ITS RECOMM5DATIONS1 LIKE ! ,LEAGUE ( ,NATIONS 
ITSELF4 ,REPRES5TATIVES ( SOME #e C\NTRIES1 9 EA* 9/ANCE ONE SPEAK+ 
= ! EMPLOY+ GR\P1 ONE = LABOR & TWO = ! GOV]NM5T1 HELD 
P]IODIC CONF]5CES1 ADOPT+ RULES :I* W]E WELL MEAN+ BUT USELESS 
& TRY+ VA9LY TO REGULATE WORK+ CONDITIONS ?R\< MORAL SUASION 
FROM ,G5EVA4 

,YET ?IS ORGANIZATION1 AS ,I SAW IT1 MI<T S]VE EFFECTIVELY AS ! COLLECTIVE 
B>GA9+ AG5CY BETWE5 C\NTRIES IF IT W]E GIV5 TEE? TO 5=CE ITS 
PROGRAM4 

,HAV+ RECORD$ ALL ! NOTABLE SPOTS ) MY MOVIE CAM]A1 MY CON/ANT 
COMPANION ON SU* TRIPS1 & HAV+ SE5 ! ,LEAGUE ( ,NATIONS 9T]IOR 
DECORATIONS & ! EXT]IOR ( ! PALACE1 9 :I* NO SESSIONS W]E !N 
BE+ HELD1 ,I WAS 9 A HURRY TO RETURN TO ,P>IS4 

,= ! NEWSPAP]S REPORT$ ?AT ! ,CONF$]ACION ,G5]AL DU ,TRAVAIL HAD ORD]$ A G5]AL /RIKE !RE ( SUBWAY EMPLOYES1 /REET 
CLEAN]S1 & ALL 9 ! MUNICIPAL PUBLIC S]VICES1 TO OBTA9 A PAY 9CREASE TO 
MEET RIS5 LIV+ CO/S4 ,REMEMB]+ ! EFFECTS ( ! ,FR5* WORK]S' #aicf 
/AY-9 /RIKES :I* WON BETT] /&>DS = !M1 ,I WAS EAG] TO SEE 
= MYSELF ?IS P[]FUL DEMON/RATION BY ORGANIZ$ LABOR4 

,BUT ! /RIKE WAS OV] BE=E ,I C\LD >RIVE4 ,IT HAD LA/$ LESS ?AN #bd 
H\RS4 ,PREMI] ,CAMILLE ,*AUTEMPS1 SUCCESSOR TO ,LEON ,BLUM1 HAD BROK5 IT 
BY ?REAT5+ TO MOBILIZE ALL ! /RIK]S 9TO ! ,>MY IF !Y DID NOT RETURN 
TO WORK4 ,! BEAT5 WAGE-E>N]S WALK$ TO & FROM !IR JOBS ) 
DULL EXPRESSIONS ON !IR FACES1 MOV+ LIKE AUTOMATONS4 ,SOME?+ VITAL WAS 
LACK+_/A S\L1 ,I ?\<T4 ,! HUMAN SIDE ( ! MOVEM5T WAS GONE4 

,AFT] A T\R ( CAFES ON ,NEW ,YE>'S ,EVE1 ,I DEP>T$ = ,LONDON1 KEEP+ A 
PROMISE TO SP5D A FEW DAYS AS ,EMMA ,GOLDMAN'S GUE/4 ,%E MET ME 9 
,VICTORIA ,/ATION1 & TOGE!R WE RODE TO H] FLAT4 ,LOCAT$ 9 A POOR 
RESID5TIAL SECTION1 IT WAS COLD & DRE>Y1 AS ONLY A ,LONDON UNHEAT$ FLAT 
C\LD BE1 BUT BE+ +5I\S1 ,EMMA HAD MANAG$ TO GIVE IT AN ASPECT ( 
*E] ) PHOTOGRAPHS & PA9T+S FROM FRI5DS & ADMIR]S SCATT]$ 
ACROSS ! WORLD4 

,ON H] DOOR WAS A MODE/ C>D1 BE>+ H] LEGAL NAME1 ,E4 ,G4 ,COLTON BY 
:I* ! NEI<BORS KNEW H]4 ,WE SP5T ! EV5+ TALK+ AB\T MUTUAL 
FRI5DS1 & !N %E %[$ ME MY ROOM4 

,TRY AS ,I MI<T1 ,I F\ND IT IMPOSSIBLE TO FALL ASLEEP_/! BITT] COLD 
P5ETRAT$ FROM BEL[ ?R\< ! MATTRESS & FROM ABOVE ?R\< ALL ! 
COV]+ ,I C\LD F9D TO PUT ON TOP ( ME4 ,BY MORN+ ,I EM]G$ FROM A 
M\NTA9 ( COATS1 BLANKETS1 & ! HEAVY PLU% W9D[ DRAPES1 ) MY 
WOOL5 HIK+ /OCK+S & CLO!S ON1 BUT /ILL %IV]+ ) COLD4 ,! 
ONLY >TICLE ,I DID NOT USE WAS ! B$ROOM DOOR_/BUT ,I FELT AS IF IT WAS ON TOP 
( ME1 ,I WAS SO TIR$ & NUMB$4 ,WA%+ 9 ICY WAT] WAS AN ORDEAL4 ,I DID 
NOT TAKE A BA?1 PO/PON+ ?AT UNTIL ,I W\LD BE ON ! BOAT4 ,YET ,I DID NOT 9 
ANY WAY 9TIMATE TO ,EMMA MY FEEL+ ( DISCOM=T & REMA9$ H] GUE/ 
TILL MY DEP>TURE4 ,BUT AFT]W>DS ,I HELP$ TO HA/5 H] COM+ TO ,CANADA1 
:]E %E C\LD LIVE 9 SIMPLE COM=T4 

,I HAD KN[N ,EMMA ,GOLDMAN FROM CASUAL MEET+S ) H]1 BUT ?IS WAS 
MY FIR/ *ANCE TO /UDY H] CLOSELY1 AS A WOMAN1 A REBEL1 & HUMANIT>IAN4 

,%E HAD LIV$ H] LIFE 9 FULL2 SP5D+ H] Y\? & MIDDLE AGE 9 ! 
,UNIT$ ,/ATES1 %E WAS >RE/$ MANY TIMES1 :ILE *AMPION+ ! CAUSE ( 
! UND]DOG4 ,BECAUSE %E E>NE/LY BELIEV$ 9 FREE SPEE*1 FREE PRESS1 
FRE$OM ( BELIEF1 & FRE$OM FROM WANT1 %E KNEW JAIL LIFE AT FIR/ H&4 ,AT 
! TIME ( ! ,A4 ,MIT*ELL ,PALM] 0R$0 RAIDS1 %E HAD BE5 DEPORT$ TO 
,SOVIET ,RUSSIA1 TOGE!R ) H] LIFELONG COMRADE ,ALEX&] ,B]KMAN 
& #bdg O!R ,RUSSIANS4 

,!RE %E & ,B]KMAN W]E COMMISSION$ TO E/ABLI% A ,MUSEUM ( ! 
,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION4 ,9 H] FREQU5T TRIPS ACROSS ! C\NTRY %E HAD AN 
OPPORTUNITY TO APPRAISE ! NEW REGIME & ! RESULT+ CONSEQU5CES TO 
! ,RUSSIAN PEOPLE4 ,& /ILL BE+ P]SONA GRATA 9 ! HI<] C\NCILS ( 
! ,SOVIET ,GOV]NM5T %E DID NOT HESITATE TO SPEAK H] M9D4 

,! RESULT WAS A PASSPORT & FREE PASSAGE BEYOND ! B\ND>IES ( 
,RUSSIA4 ,!NCE %E HAD TO %IFT = H]SELF4 ,%E M>RI$ AN OLD COMRADE1 A 
,BRITI% M9]_/& BECAME AN ,5GLI% SUBJECT4 

,I F\ND ,EMMA BUSY ) ,SPANI% REFUGEE *ILDR51 VISIT+ AU?ORITIES1 
CONF]R+ ) HEADS ( NUM]\S ORGANIZATIONS 9 !IR BEHALF1 PUBLI%+ A 
NEWSPAP]1 & LECTUR+4 ,AT ! TIME %E WAS BUSY PREP>+ AN EXHIBITION 
TO DEMON/RATE PICTORIALLY :AT ! W> HAD DONE TO ! ,SPANI% PEOPLE4 
,DECL>+ ?AT ! ,5GLI% NEWSPAP]S HAD MISREPRES5T$ !IR /RUGGLE1 %E 
HAD A COLLECTION ( PHOTOGRAPHS ( COOP]ATIVE FACTORIES14 & ( 
COOP]ATIVE F>MS ) PEASANTS WORK+ ON !M1 ?AT IMPRESS$ H] 
9 ,CATALONIA4 

,IT WAS ! FIR/ TIME 9 ! HI/ORY ( SOCIAL UPHEAVALS ?AT CON/RUCTIVE 
WORK WAS C>RI$ ON 9 A W>-TORN C\NTRY :ILE CONT9U\S 
LIFE-&-DEA? FI<T+ W5T ON CLOSE BY4 ,EMMA %UTTL$ BETWE5 
,5GL& & ! ,CONT95T1 MAK+ FREQU5T VISITS TO ,SPA91 :]E ! 
PEOPLE ADOR$ H]4 ,%E VISIT$ EV]Y FACTORY & %OP & VILLAGE & T[N 
FROM ,B>CELONA TO ,MADRID4 ,%E SAW WORK]S MAK+ MOTOR C>S1 BUSSES1 
RAILROAD COA*ES1 TEXTILES1 & A GREAT V>IETY ( O!R ?+S4 ,AL?\< ! 
,SPANI% ,REPUBLIC WAS PRODUC+ W> SUPPLIES1 H[EV]1 IT C\LD NOT 
POSSIBLY MAT* ! QUANTITIES ?AT ,ITALY & ,G]MANY W]E S5D+ TO ,FRANCO4 

,9 ODD CONTRA/ TO MY M5TAL PICTURE ( ,EMMA AS A PUBLIC FIGURE1 ,I WAS 
PLEASANTLY SURPRIS$ TO DISCOV]1 9 ?AT MIS]ABLE FLAT1 ?AT %E WAS AN 
EXCELL5T COOK & A ?\<TFUL HO/ESS4 ,ON ! SECOND DAY %E HAD = 
D9N] ROA/ VEAL1 BAK$ POTATOES1 & HOME-MADE *]RY T>TS4 ,TOO1 
!RE WAS MEMORABLE C(FEE1 BREW$ 9 A CONTRAPTION ?AT ,I CAN DESCRIBE ONLY 
AS A 0C(FEE DI/ILL]Y10 ?IS BE+ A RITUAL 9 ITSELF4 ,?AT BEV]AGE HAD A 
DELECTABLE >OMA & FLAVOR4 

,AFT] ! MEAL1 ,I (F]$ TO HELP H] ) ! DI%ES1 & BEGAN TO SCRAPE 
(F ! LEFT-OV]S & BONES4 

,%E HA/ILY /OPP$ ME4 0,NO1 NO1 DON'T ?R[ !SE \T4 ,PUT !M 9 ?IS 
SMALL DI%_/IT'S \R S\P /OCK = TOMORR[40 

,NO ,AM]ICAN W\LD BELIEVE :AT %E & O!RS ATE 9 ,RUSSIA DUR+ ! 
FAM9E !RE1 TO SU/A9 LIFE4 ,! MEMORY ( ?AT P]IOD WAS /ILL %>P 9 H] 
M9D4 

0,:AT'S HAPP5+ N[ IS ONLY A BEG9N+10 %E SAID1 AS ! TALK REV]T$ 
TO ,SPA94 0,ANY DAY W> MAY SPREAD ACROSS ,EUROPE1 & IT WILL BE MORE 
T]RIBLE ?AN ANY?+ ! WORLD HAS EV] SE54 ,!RE WILL BE SUFF]+ H]E 
& ON ! ,CONT95T COMP>ABLE ONLY TO ! DAYS ( ! ,BLACK ,PLAGUE40 

,LONDON'S FOGS & ! CONT9U\S DRIZZLE MADE ME HOMESICK4 ,GLADLY 
W\LD ,I HAVE TRAD$ ?IS SC5E = SUNNY ,CALI=NIA OR ,NEW ,5GL&'S :ITE 
SN[ & COLD4 ,NEV]!LESS1 ,I WAS ABLE TO COV] A GOOD DEAL ( GR\ND4 ,I 
VISIT$ SEV]AL FACTORIES1 & ! (FICE ( ! ,TAILORS & ,G>M5T ,WORK]S' 
,UNION2 BUT TO MY REGRET ,I C\LD NOT MAKE A TRIP TO ,LE$S1 :]E ,ANNE 
,L\<L9 MADE H] HEADQU>T]S4 

,LONDON ,BRIDGE HELD MY 9T]E/ CLOSELY1 & ,TRAFALG> ,SQU>E1 & ! 
,BRITI% ,MUSEUM4 ,& !RE WAS GRIM FASC9ATION 9 VISIT+ ! ,T[]1 :]E 
A NEV]-5D+ /REAM ( ! CURI\S VIEW$ ANCI5T 9/RUM5TS ( 
TORTURE1 ! ,BLOCK & ,AX1 US$ BY A LONG SUCCESSION ( EXECUTION]S1 & 
! SPOT :]E ,ANNE ,BOLEYN & MANY POLITICAL PRISON]S W]E BEHEAD$4 
,AFT]W>DS1 TOO1 ,I SAW ! SITE ( ! GALL[S AT ,TYBURN1 :]E EV]YDAY 
CRIM9ALS W]E HANG$4 ,?IS WAS :]E PICKPOCKETS ONCE W]E EXECUT$1 ,I 
WAS TOLD2 BUT ,TYBURN1 ACCORD+ TO LEG5D1 WAS F9ALLY AB&ON$ AS AN 
EXECUTION PLACE BECAUSE SO MANY UNHUNG PICKPOCKETS MIX$ ) ! CR[DS ( SPECTATORS 
& PLI$ !IR TRADE AMONG !M4 

,WE W5T TO O!R MUSEUMS1 & EXHIBITIONS1 ATT5D$ !AT] P>TIES AT 
! ,PICCADILLY1 & HAD BE] 9 ! ,CAFE ,ROYAL1 CLOSE TO ! TABLE :]E ,OSC> 
,WILDE (T5 SAT4 

,BUT ,I HAD CONTACT ) WORK+ PEOPLE AS WELL4 ,A GR\P ( ,WEL% COAL 
M9]S CAME TO SP5D AN H\R ) ,EMMA ,GOLDMAN4 ,OV] C(FEE & SPICE 
COOKIES MADE BY H] !Y TOLD ME :AT !Y HAD DONE TO HELP ! ,SPANI% 
PEOPLE4 ,\T ( !IR MEAG] 0DOLE0 :I* ! GOV]NM5T PAID !M1 MO/ ( 
! M9ES 9 ,WALES HAV+ BE5 %UT TI<T S9CE ! 5D ( ,WORLD ,W> ,I1 & 
9 SPITE ( !IR [N DIRE NE$ = HELP1 !Y W]E WILL+ TO E/ABLI% A CAMP 
= REFUGEE *ILDR5 ( ! ,A/URIAS M9]S4"9 ,A GR\P ( Y\NG PEOPLE ON 
!IR WAY TO ,SPA9 AS VOLUNTE]S ALSO CAME TO ,EMMA'S FLAT4 ,AMONG !M WAS 
A Y\NG WOMAN1 A ,G]MAN PHYSICIAN1 :O HAD LIV$ 9 ! M9+ T[NS ( 
,FRANCE1 ,5GL&1 & ,SPA91 AS A VOLUNTE] DOCTOR4 

,SOME ( ! ,SPANI% GR\P ACTIVE 9 ,5GL& URG$ ME TO GO ) !M TO 
,B>CELONA4 ,I WAS KE5 TO GO1 & CABL$ MY HOME (FICE ASK+ IF IT C\LD GET 
ME A SIX MON?S' VISA = ,SPA94 ,9/EAD ( AN ANSW] TO ?AT REQUE/ ,I 
RECEIV$ A MESSAGE ADVIS+ ME TO RETURN TO ! ,/ATES_/?AT A JOB WAS 
WAIT+ = :I* ,I WAS NE$$4 ,ALL TOO OB$I5TLY1 IT SEEMS TO ME N[1 ,I 
RESPOND$ TO ?AT SUMMONS4 ,BO>D+ ! ,AQUATANIA1 ,I WAS MET ON ! ,NEW 
,YORK PI] BY MY MO!R FIVE DAYS LAT]4 ,AT HOME A GR\P ( FRI5DS_/,CL>A 
& ,*RI/ ,L>S51 ,G]TRUDE & ,JOE ,PISCATELLI1 ,RAE ,BR&/E91 ,FANNIE 
,BRESLAW1 & ,SONIA & ,SIMON ,F>B]_/W]E EAG] TO HE> ! LATE/ NEWS ( 
,EUROPE4 

,FOOTNOTES 

#a4 ,ON ,SEPTEMB] #h1 #a#i#d#b1 ! ,S,S ,MANHATTAN1 :I* HAD BE5 TRANS=M$ ,9TO A NAVAL TRANSPORT1 
! ,WAKEFIELD1 WAS SEV]ELY DAMAG$ BY FIRE AT SEA4 ,! *>R$ HULK WAS SALVAG$ & T[$ TO AN 
,ATLANTIC ,COA/ ,PORT4 

#b4 ,:5 \R ,NEW ,YORK ,ITALIAN DRESSMAK]S' LOCAL WAS ORGANIZ$ 9 #aiai ITS F\ND]S NAM$ IT ,LOCAL #hi 
9 MEMORY ( ?AT REVOLUTION4 ,A REPLICA ,OR ! KEY TO ! ,BA/ILLE HANGS 9 ,ITS (FICE4 

#c4 ,E/ABLI%+ H] RESID5CE 9 ,TORONTO A LITTLE LAT]4 ,EMMA T\R$ ,CANADIAN CITIES LECTUR+ 9 BEHALF ( 
! ,SPANI% REFUGEES & ,LOYALI/ PRISON]S HELD BY ,FRANCO4 ,%E DI$ 9 ,TORONTO 9 ,MAY4 #a#d1 AFT] A 
BRIEF ILLNESS ,IRONICALLY 5\<1 ?\< %E WAS B>R$ FROM 5T]+ ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES :ILE ALIVE4 ! 
F$]AL AU?ORITIES READILY P]MITT$ H] BODY TO BE BURI$ 9 ,*ICAGO'S ,WALDHEIM CEMET]Y NE> ! TOMB 
( ! ,HAY-M>KET M>TYRS4 

,FROM 3 ,AN>*Y ,>*IVES4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #aidd 3 ,*APT] #bh -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,FEBRU>Y #i1 #bag 3 ,*APT] #bh -- ,ADD$4 

 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3  
HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/