,BULG>IA3 ,A ,NEW ,SPA9 
,! ,COMMUNI/ ,T]ROR 9 ,BULG>IA 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,GRIGORI ,PETROVIT* ,MAXIM(F 

,TEXT 3 

,9TRODUCTION 

,AS F> AS WE >E AW>E1 ?IS NEW $ITION ( ,BULG>IA3 ,! ,NEW ,SPA9 IS ! FIR/ S9CE ! ORIG9AL WAS PUBLI%$ BY ! ,ALEX&] ,B]KMAN ,AID ,FUND ?IRTY-FIVE YE>S AGO4 ,! TITLE IS MO/ APT1 = JU/ AS ,/AL9ISM DR[N$ 9 BLOOD ! ,SPANI% ,REVOLUTION ( #aicf SO IT DR[N$ 9 BLOOD1 ! BLOOD ( MANY ?\S&S ( WORK]S & PEASANTS1 ! ,BULG>IAN ,REVOLUTION ( #aidd :5 ! PEOPLE ( ,BULG>IA LIB]AT$ !MSELVES FROM YE>S ( FASCI/ TYRANNY4 ,LIKE ,SPA91 ,BULG>IA HAD A P[]FUL LIB]T>IAN MOVEM5T1 A MOVEM5T :I* CON/ITUT$ ! MAJOR OB/ACLE TO ,/AL9ISM'S EF=TS AT E/ABLI%+ A BUREAUCRATIC DICTATOR%IP ON ! ,SOVIET MODEL4 ,YET DESPITE ! H>D EVID5CE ( ,KRON/ADT1 ( ,UKRA9E1 ( ,SPA91 ( ,BULG>IA1 ( ,HUNG>Y1 ( ,CZE*OSLOVAKIA1 & MO/ REC5TLY ( ,POL& !RE >E PEOPLE1 ,>?UR ,SC>GILL AMONG !M1 :O /ILL IMAG9E ?AT ! WORK]S CRU%$ B5EA? ! IRON HEEL ( ,/AL9ISM >E SOCIALI/1 ?AT ! WORK]S ( !SE C\NTRIES HAVE A*IEV$ !IR LIB]ATION4 ,IS IT ANY WOND] !N ?AT HAV+ HE>D ! RANT+S ( ,SC>GILL1 ,RON ,BR[N ,M,P ET AL1 MILLIONS ( ORD9>Y PEOPLE REG>D SOCIALI/S ( ANY /RIPE AS PA?OLOGICAL 5EMIES ( FRE$OM68 ,TODAY1 ,BULG>IA UND] ,ZHIVKOV REMA9S ! MO/ LOYAL ( ,/AL9I/ /ATES1 IT'S TROOPS W]E AMONG ?OSE :O BR\<T TO AN ABRUPT 5D ! EXP]IM5T AT SOCIALISM ) A HUMAN FACE 9 ,CZE*OSLOVAKIA 9 #a#i#f#h4 ,BUT AS 9 ,POL&1 ! LIB]T>IAN RESI/ANCE1 AL?\< BLOODI$1 HAS NOT BE5 DE/ROY$4 

,& IT IS FI<T+ BACK4 ,AS E>LY AS #aie PEASANTS W]E RESI/+ 5=C$ COLLECTIVIZATION ( ! L& -- ! REPLACEM5T ( ! L&LORDS BY ! /ATE4 ,9 #a#i#e#f1 ,BULG>IAN ,AN>*I/S EXPRESS$ !IR SOLID>ITY ) ! ,HUNG>IAN WORK]S'C\NCILS1 SEV]AL BE+ IMPRISON$ 9CLUD+ ,MANOL ,VASSEV1 ,DELT*O ,VASSILEV1 ,/EFAN ,KOTAKOV & ,*RI/O ,KOLEV4 ,VASSEV DI$ 9 #a#i#e#h1 POISON$ BY HIS CAPTORS TWO DAYS BE=E ! DATE ( HIS RELEASE4 ,9 #aifi A GR\P ( Y\NG PEOPLE W]E PUT ON TRIAL 9 ,S(IA = ALLEG$ 'P>TICIPATION 9 AN ILLEGAL GR\P & SPREAD+ SL&]\S ASS]TIONS CONC]N+ ! /ATE & SOCIAL ORD] 9 ! ,PEOPLE'S ,REPUBLIC ( ,BULG>IA'4 ,:AT !Y HAD DONE WAS TO DUPLICATE A PAMPHLET ATTACK+1 FROM A LIB]T>IAN VIEWPO9T1 ! ,COMMUNI/ DICTATOR%IP1 ! ,P>TY & ! $UCATION SY/EM & DI/RIBUT$ IT TO /UD5TS1 WORK]S1 ,P>TY MEMB]S & UNIV]SITY (FICIALS4 ,DUR+ !IR TRIAL !Y PROTE/$ AGA9/ MI/REATM5T & TORTURE BY ! AU?ORITIES4 ,!Y RECEIV$ S5T5CES ( ONE TO FIVE YE>S BEH9D B>S4 ,!SE IMPRISONM5TS SP>K$ (F A REVOLT AT ,S(IA ,UNIV]SITY1 ANGRY /UD5TS M>*+ ON A POLICE /ATION1 ,*RI/O ,KOLEV WAS >RE/$ 9 CONNECTION ) ?IS CASE & TORTUR$ OV] A #bh DAY P]IOD4 

,HE WAS S5T5C$ TO A YE> 9 PRISON4 ,9 ! WAKE ( ! ,POLI% MASS /RIKES ( #a#i#g1 /RIKES BROKE \T 9 ,BULG>IA AGA9/ POOR WORK+ CONDITIONS & ! PAYM5T ( L>GE BONUSES TO S5IOR (FICIALS4 ,! POET ,VAL]I ,PETROV & ! AU?OR ,KRI/O ,GANEV W]E EXPELL$ FROM ! ,WRIT]S' ,UNION = REFUS+ TO VOTE = A MOTION ATTACK+ ! AW>D ( ! #aig ,NOBEL ,PRIZE TO ,SOLZH5ITSYN4 ,KOLEV WAS AGA9 >RE/$ = MAK+ A SPEE* ATTACK+ ! BUREAUCRACY AT ! FUN]AL ( FELL[ LIB]T>IAN ,P5KO ,TI(ILOV & WAS BANI%$ TO A REMOTE VILLAGE4 ,9 #a#i#g#d1 ,KOLEV = HAV+ TAK5 P>T 9 ! ]ECTION ( A MONUM5T TO ! ,AN>*I/ GU]RILLA ,VASIL ,IKONOMOV WAS BANI%$ AGA9 TO HIS EQUALLY REMOTE HOME VILLAGE1 ONLY R>ELY BE+ ALL[$ TO VISIT HIS AG$ MO!R :OSE HOME WAS 9 ,S(IA4 ,?AT YE> ! LIB]T>IANS ,ALEX&RE ,NAKOV1 ,ATANAS ,KUCUEV & ,LOBOMIR ,DJ]MANOV W]E S5T5C$ TO FIVE YE>S & ,GANT*O ,DAMIANOV & ,ATANAS ,>TUK\V W]E 9T]N$4 ,9 #ai< DISSID5TS W]E >RE/$ = DI/RIBUT+ A ,FR5* TRANSLATION ( ! ,CZE*OSLOVAK HUMAN RI<TS DOCUM5T ,*>T] #g#g4 

,?AT YE> ,LJUB5 ,SOBADSCIEV WAS IMPRISON$ = F\R & A HALF YE>S = DI/RIBUT+ A LEAFLET CRITICAL ( ! REGIME4 ,E>LI] ?REE MEMB]S ( ! ,POMAK ,MUSLIM M9ORITY HAD BE5 S5T5C$ TO A TOTAL ( TW5TY YE>S IMPRISONM5T = HAV+ PROTE/$ ! POLICY ( =C$ ASSIMILATION :]EBY ,POMAKS >E =C$ TO *ANGE !IR ,MUSLIM NAMES TO ,BULG>IAN ONES4 ,9 #a#i#h1 ,SOTIR ,ILIEV1 AN >*ITECT FROM ,PLOVDIV1 S\<T POLITICAL ASYLUM 9 ,AU/RIA4 ,! AU?ORITIES REPLI$ BY KIDNAPP+ HIM FROM ,VI5NA & TAK+ HIM BACK TO ,BULG>IA :]E HE WAS IMPRISON$ = #ah MON?S4 ,PEOPLE >RE/$ ON POLITICAL *>GES & 9T]ROGAT$ AT ! ,/ATE ,SECURITY ,C5T] 9 ,S(IA HAVE COMPLA9$ ( BE+ ?REAT5$1 BEAT5 UP & DEPRIV$ ( SLEEP4 ,9 TWO CASES PEOPLE W]E TAK5 TO A PSY*IATRIC HOSPITAL & =CIBLY DRUGG$4 ,MANY PRISON]S 5D UP 9 ! MAXIMUM SECURITY PRISON AT ,/>A ,ZAGORA :]E CONDITIONS >E EXTREMELY H>%4 ,?IS JAIL H\SES AT LEA/ #be POLITICAL DETA9EES1 SOME ( !M S]V+ V]Y LONG T]MS4 ,= EXAMPLE ,AGR>IAN ,P>TY MEMB] ,PET> ,PASKOV HAS SP5T MORE ?AN #bh YE>S 9 PRISON :ILE HIS COLLEAGUE ,GEORGI ,Z>K9 HAS BE5 BEH9D B>S = MORE ?AN #ab YE>S4 

,TWO ,AN>*I/S 9 ,/>A ,ZAGORA >E ,VASIL ,UZUNOV & ,GEORGI ,CASABOV1 ! =M] HAS SP5T MORE ?AN #bf YE>S 9 PRISON :ILE ! LATT] IS S]V+ #b YE>S4 ,! REGIME HAS ALSO CRACK$ D[N ON Y\? CULTURE4 ,! PUNK BANK ,TIP ,TOP HAS BE5 D5I$ RADIO TIME & (FICIAL PUBLIC CONC]TS4 ,! ,CRICKETS1 :ILE NO LONG] BANN$ AS !Y HAVE BE5 9 ! PA/ = PLAY+ ,BEATLES'SONGS1 HAVE SUFF]$ ! 9DIGNITY ( HAV+ ! POLICE 9T]V5E AT !IR CONC]T AT ,S(IA'S ,UNIV]SIADIA ,HALL4 ,ANO!R B&1 ,SIGNAL1 SUFF]$ AN #ah MON? BAN = HAV+ CAUS$ 'EXCESSIVE EXCITEM5T'AT !IR CONC]T 9 ,BURGAS4 ,AS CAN BE SE5 FROM ! ABOVE EXAMPLES ! ME?ODS US$ BY ,BULG>IAN ,/AL9ISM TO SUPPRESS ANY & EV]Y ACTUAL OR POT5TIAL =M ( DISS5T DIFF] NOT AT ALL FROM ?OSE EMPLOY$ BY ITS ,SOVIET OV]LORD4 ,?S IS NOT SOCIALISM1 BUT ! ANTI!SIS ( SOCIALISM2 ! DICTATOR%IP ( A NEW CLASS EV]Y BIT AS OPPRESSIVE & TYRANNICAL AS ?AT ( ! ,BULG>IAN ,CZ>S & FASCI/S4 

,SADLY1 !RE HAVE BE5 V]Y FEW EXPRESSIONS ( SOLID>ITY 9 ,BRITA9 ) ! FRE$OM /RUGGLE 9 ,BULG>IA4 ,WE KN[ ( ONLY TWO -- A PICKET 9 ! '#gS ( ! ,BULG>IAN ,EMBASSY & ,T\RI/ ,(FICE ON ! ANNIV]S>Y ( ! #aidd ,REVOLUTION & MORE REC5TLY ! DI/RIBUTION ( A LEAFLET DRAW+ ATT5TION TO ! CASES ( ,KOLEV1 ,UZUNOV & ,CASABOV AT ! ,WALES V]SUS ,BULG>IA FOOTBALL MAT* 9 ,WREXHAM4 ,WE HOPE ?AT ?IS PAMPHLET WILL BE READ NOT JU/ \T ( HI/ORICAL 9T]E/ -- ! EV5TS ?AT IT DESCRIBES >E HAPP5+ /ILL -- BUT ALSO \T ( A DESIRE TO LE>N MORE AB\T WORK]S'/RUGGLES 9 ! ,EA/ & HAV+ LE>N$ TO ACT4 ,! WORDS ( ,BAKUN93 ',LIB]TY )\T SOCIALISM IS PRIVILEGE1 9JU/ICE2 SOCIALISM )\T LIB]TY IS SLAV]Y & BRUTALITY'R+ AS TRUE TODAY AS :5 FIR/ UTT]$4 ,! EV5TS 9 ,BULG>IA S9CE ,/AL9ISM SEIZ$ P[] UND]L9E ?IS TRU?4 ,IT IS A TRU? :I* CANNOT BE REPEAT$ TOO (T56 

,T]RY ,LIDDLE1 ,LONDON1 ,BULG>IA ,FRE$OM ,DAY1 #aihc 

,PSEUDO-,LIB]ATIONS 

,! LA/ W> SEEMS TO HAVE DEAD5$ ! HUMAN S5SITIVITY ?AT ONCE /IRR$ MASSES ( PEOPLE TO PROTE/ AGA9/ FLAGRANT 9JU/ICES4 ,BE=E SPONTANE\S1 UNSELFI% WAVES ( FEEL+1 GOV]NM5TS 5GAG$ 9 CRIM9AL UND]TAK+S W]E (T5 COMPELL$ TO GIVE WAY1 OR W]E AT LEA/ ?OR\<LY DISCR$IT$4 

,9 ,FRANCE ! ,DREYFUS AFFAIR2 9 ,SPA9 ! ASSASS9ATION ( ,F]R]2 9 ,AM]ICA ! EXECUTION ( ,SACCO & ,VANZETTI -- ! MOVEM5TS ( PROTE/ >\S$ BY !SE ATTACKS ON HUMAN RI<TS GAVE HOPE = ! HUMAN CONSCI5CE4 ,BUT ! SAME TE*NICAL & SCI5TIFIC PROGRESS ?AT HAS MADE W> SO T]RIBLY MURD]\S HAS ALSO1 ?ANKS TO ! RADIO1 5ABL$ NEWS TO TRAVEL EV] MORE SWIFTLY FROM ONE 5D ( ! PLANET TO ! O!R4 ,M9DS ACCU/OM$ TO DESCRIPTIONS ( W> & ! SI<T ( W> LE>N TO REG>D ! SUFF]+S ( O!RS ) COMPLAC5CY4 ,HE>TS HAVE H>D5$2 & OV]T EMOTION IS DISMISS$ AS *ILDI% S5TIM5TALITY4 

,DUR+ ! ,SPANI% W> 7#a#i#c#f-#a#i#c#i7 ! 9T]NATIONAL WORK+ CLASS REMA9$ DISUNIT$ & PASSIVE BE=E ! 0DEMOCRATIC0 GOV]NM5TS :O SUPPORT$ ! DICTATOR%IP AGA9/ ! REVOLUTION2 & ?US !Y ASSUR$ ! BLOODY 7?\< TEMPOR>Y7 DEFEAT ( ! ,SPANI% WORK]S4 ,NO MAJOR 9T]NATIONAL MOVEM5T TOOK EFFECTIVE ACTION4 ,EXCEPT = ! SOMETIMES SUP]HUMAN EF=TS ( UN=GETTABLE 9DIVIDUALS & GR\PS1 0SOLID>ITY AMONG FREE M50 WAS A VA9 WORD4 ,TODAY ! CRUDE/ OPPRESSION HOLDS MANY PEOPLES 9 DEGRAD+ S]VITUDE -- EV5 TO ! PO9T ( \TRI<T EXT]M9ATION ( OPPON5TS ( A REGIME4 ,! ,BULG>IAN PEOPLE IS ONE4 ,! REPRESSION 9 ?IS ,DANUBIAN C\NTRY1 NEI<BOR ( ,RUSSIA1 TRADITIONALLY DEVOT$ TO LIB]TY1 IS ESPECIALLY PA9FUL & DI/URB+4 ,! DICTATORIAL ,/AL9I/ REGIME1 IMPOS$ ?ANKS TO ! LA/ W>1 TRAMPLES ON ! MO/ ELEM5T>Y LIB]TIES1 />T+ ) FRE$OM ( EXPRESSION4 ,AGA9/ ,AN>*I/S OR ?OSE CONSID]$ ,AN>*I/S1 ! REPRESSION IS EXCEPTIONALLY F]OCI\S1 = !IR MOVEM5T HAS DEEP POPUL>1 PEASANT ROOTS & 9FLU5CES EV]Y IMPULSE T[>D FRE$OM4 ,NOT M]ELY A GR\P ( MILITANTS BUT ! WILL ( A :OLE PEOPLE IS UND] ATTACK4 ,BUT 9 ! EYES ( IMPORTANT1 ILL 9=M$ WORK+ MASSES ?R\<\T ! WORLD1 ! ,/AL9I/ SO-CALL$ 0COMMUNI/0 REGIME /ILL REPRES5TS PROGRESS T[>D TRUE SOCIALISM4 ,AB\T ! ILLEGITIMACY & CRUELTY ( ! REGIME ( ,G5]AL ,FRANCO OR ANY O!R ,SPANI% DICTATOR ALL WORK]S & ALL PROGRESSIVE CURR5TS >E AGRE$1 = NO-ONE1 NOT EV5 ?OSE :O IMPOSE IT1 D5IES ! EXI/5CE ( FASCISM ON ! ,IB]IAN P59SULA4 ,BUT AB\T ! VICTIMS ( ! ,/AL9I/ T]ROR 9 ,BULG>IA1 MO/ ( !M ,AN>*I/S1 !RE IS NOT ! SAME AGREEM5T4 ,H[ >E ?OSE WON OV] BY ,COMMUNI/ PROPAG&A TO BE BR\<T TO REALIZE ?AT :AT !Y ?9K IS A REGIME ( LIB]TY CAN M>TYR A PEOPLE8 ,TO !M ! ,BULG>IAN AN>*I/S1 :O REFUSE TO ACCEPT :AT 0COMMUNI/0 DIALECTIC CALLS A 0REVOLUTION10 EV5 SEEM LIKE REACTION>IES4 ,LIKE ! ,AN>*I/S & ,REVOLUTION>Y ,SOCIALI/S 9 ,RUSSIA AFT] ! ,BOL%EVIK C\P D'ETAT ( ,OCTOB]1 #a#i#a#g1 MILITANT WORK]S & 9TELLECTUALS -- NOT M]ELY ANTI-FASCI/ BUT BELONG+ TO ! MO/ REVOLUTION>Y TRADITION -- SEE A SECTION ( ! 9T]NATIONAL WORK+ CLASS IGNORE !IR SUFF]+S1 MORE DISPOS$ TO HATE !M ?AN TO COME TO !IR HELP4 ,SU* IS ! D>KE/ SIDE ( ! ,BULG>IAN DRAMA4 ,! DAILY PRESS HAS MADE A CLAMOR AB\T ! EXECUTION ( ,PETKOV1 ! HEAD ( A B\RGEOIS POLITICAL P>TY2 BUT AB\T ! FATE ( ! ,AN>*I/S1 :O >E AT ! S\RCE ( EV]Y PROGRESSIVE T5D5CY 9 ,BULG>IA1 IT IS SIL5T4 

,?IS PAMPHLET IS NOT PROPAG&A4 ,IT DOES NOT SEEK TO S]VE ANY POLITICAL ORGANIZATION4 ,IT IS PUBLI%$ & DI/RIBUT$ = ?OSE :O /ILL DO NOT COMPLETELY DESPAIR ( ! HUMAN SPIRIT4 ,IT IS A CRY ( AL>M1 WE KN[1 ?AT ONLY PEOPLE ( HE>T WILL HE>4 ,BUT IT IS TIME ?AT 9DIFF]5CE GAVE WAY TO HEAL?Y 9DIGNATION4 ,Y\ PEOPLE :O HAVE NOT BE5 AFFLICT$ ) ! VIRUS ( DICTATOR%IP -- :E!R ! FASCISM IS :ITE1 GRE5 OR R$ -- Y\ :O HAVE RIS5 UP AGA9/ SO MANY ATTACKS ON FREE LIFE & FREE EXPRESSION1 Y\ WILL HE> \R APPEAL6 ,Y\ WILL SUPPORT \R ACTION6 ,PUBLIC OP9ION MU/ BE 9=M$1 & BY 9=M+ IT Y\ WILL HELP US4 ,AN ACT ( SOLID>ITY IS DEM&$ 2 ! FATE ( ! ,BULG>IANS TODAY MAY BE \RS TOMORR[4 ,LET US USE \R LITTLE REMA9+ LIB]TY TO HELP ?OSE :O >E COMPLETELY DEPRIV$ ( IT6 ,! PROBLEM ( LIB]TY IS NOT LIMIT$ TO ! C\NTRIES N[ UND] ! HEEL ( POLITICAL DICTATOR%IP1 IT IS UNIV]SAL4 ,:5 LIB]TY IS ?REAT5$ 9 ANY CORN] ( ! GLOBE -- REG>DLESS :]E -- NONE ( ?OSE :O LOVE IT CAN REMA9 9S5SITIVE4 

,A ,PEOPLE'S ,/RUGGLE = ,!IR ,LIB]TY 

,EV5 9 \R HUMANITY1 REM>KABLE = VIOL5CE & 9JU/ICE1 ! ,BULG>IAN PEOPLE HAVE HAD AN EXCEPTIONALLY LONG & CRUEL EXP]I5CE ( W>1 OPPRESSION & SLAV]Y4 ,ONLY 9 #a#h#g#h1 :5 IT WAS LIB]AT$ FROM ,TURKI% DOM9ATION1 DID ,BULG>IA BECOME AN 9DEP5D5T NATION4 ,ITS HI/ORY IS1 NEV]!LESS1 V]Y LONG4 ,! ,F9NO ,URALIAN W>RIORS 7,BULG>S7 :O GAVE ! C\NTRY !IR NAME 9VAD$ ! P59SULA AS E>LY AS ! #g? C5TURY & M+L$ ) ! ,SLAVS :O HAD ALREADY MIGRAT$ !RE & ) ! ,?RACIANS :O HAD LONG BE5 SETTL$ ON ! L&4 ,H>D & T5ACI\S WORK]S ( ! L&1 ! ,BULG>IANS C\LD NOT RESI/ ! ,TURKI% >MIES & W]E CONQU]$ BY ! ,SULTAN ,BAJAZET 9 #acic & #a#c#i#f4 ,!IR AWAK5+ DATES ONLY FROM ! 5D ( ! #a#h? C5TURY2 IT BEGAN AS AN 9TELLECTUAL REVIVAL ( ! $UCAT$ CLASSES1 & PREC$$ BY A HUNDR$ YE>S ! PROCLAMATION ( 9DEP5D5CE4 ,?IS 9DEP5D5CE1 MOREOV]1 DID NOT BR+ PEACE3 EV] S9CE1 ,BALKAN ,W>S1 ,EUROPEAN ,W>S & ,WORLD ,W>S1 FASCISM1 & 0LIB]ATION0 MOVEM5TS HAVE RAVAG$ ?IS P>T ( ! ,BALKAN P59SULA2 9 SIXTY YE>S ,BULG>IA HAS BE5 ?R\< SIX W>S1 TWO REVOLUTIONS & A DOZ5 FASCI/ C\P D'ETAT 79CLUD+ ! DECISIVE ONES ( ,JUNE #i1 #a#i#b#c1 & ,MAY #a#i1 #a#i#c#d74 ,N[1 DESPITE SO MU* BLOOD & SUFF]+1 A REGIME ( P]SECUTION & OPPRESSION IS AGA9 /R5G!N+ ITS GRIP ON UN=TUNATE ,BULG>IA4 

,A FEW ECONOMIC1 HI/ORIC & SOCIAL FACTS WILL GIVE A BETT] UND]/&+ ( ! PRES5T SITUATION & ! EVOLUTION ( ! IDEOLOGY & *>ACT] ( ! SOCIAL MOVEM5T1 *IEFLY ! ,AN>*I/ & ,AN>*O-,SYNDICALI/ MOVEM5T4 ,A SMALL C\NTRY ( FIVE & A HALF MILLION POPULATION1 ,BULG>IA IS A HOMOG5E\S NATION1 ) A GOOD BALANCE BETWE5 M\NTA9S1 HILLS & WAT]$ PLA9S1 BUT POSSESS+ ONLY ONE \TLET TO ! SEA 7ON ! ,BLACK ,SEA74 ,IT IS A C\NTRY ( SMALL PEASANT PROPRIETORS1 H>D-WORK+ & P]SI/5T4 ,EI<TY-?REE P] C5T ( ! POPULATION LIVES BY AGRICULTURE2 #he P] C5T ( ! CULTIVAT$ L& IS F>M$ 9 UNITS ( LESS ?AN #be ACRES1 & ! MO/ COMMON L& MEASURE IS ! DEC>E 7A QU>T] ( AN ACRE7 2 ,BULG>IAN AGRICULTURE IS REALLY A K9D ( G>D5+4 ,CULTIVATION ( GRA9 RANKS FIR/3 :EAT !N CORN2 & A GREAT V>IETY ( W>M-CLIMATE CROPS3 OR*>DS1 V9EY>DS1 TOBACCO1 SUNFL[]S1 FLAX & HEMP1 COTTON1 POPPIES1 MULB]RIES 7SILK-WORM CULTURE71 ROSES1 TRUCK-G>D5+2 & CATTLE-RAIS+4 ,9DU/RY HAS DEVELOP$ MO/LY S9CE ! FIR/ ,WORLD ,W>3 TEXTILES1 TOBACCO MANUFACTUR+1 MILL+1 SUG>-REF9+1 DI/ILLATION ( ATT> ( ROSES4 ,9 A NORMAL YE>1 AGRICULTURE NOT ONLY PROVIDES ,BULG>IA'S FOOD REQUIREM5TS1 BUT IS ALSO ! BASIS ( ITS 9DU/RY4 ,9 ADDITION ,BULG>IA GETS 5\< LIGNITE = ITS [N USE FROM ! ,P]NIK & ,BOBOV ,DOL M9ES1 & EV5 EXPORTS SOME COPP]1 LEAD & Z9C4 ,:5 TI$ 9 ) C]TA9 *>ACT]I/ICS ( ! HI/ORY ( ! PEOPLE1 !SE BASIC ECONOMIC FACTS TAKE ON P>TICUL> SIGNIFICANCE1 = EV]Y /AGE 9 ! DEVELOPM5T ( A PEOPLE IS CONSI/5T ) ITS PA/4 ,HI/ORICAL & SOCIAL FACTORS DAT+ FROM ! ,MIDDLE ,AGES1 ASSOCIAT$ ) SPECIFIC ECONOMIC =MS1 HAVE 5C\RAG$ ! PRACTICE ( MUTUAL AID & ! LOVE ( LIB]TY1 & HAVE GIV5 ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T DEEP ROOTS 9 ! PA/ & A DI/9CTLY AN>*I/-COMMUNI/ COLOR+4 ,?US ! SPIRIT ( ! PEASANT COMMUNE1 ! ,SLAVI% ZADRUGA 7BRO!RHOOD7 ?AT EXI/$ ?R\< ! ,MIDDLE ,AGES & = OV] A ?\S& YE>S1 /ILL SURVIVES 9 ! SPONTANE\S PRACTICE1 AMONG SMALL PEASANT PROPRIETORS1 ( COMMUNAL WORK & COOP]ATIVE ASSOCIATION4 ,! PEASANT COMMUNE ONCE HELD ! L& COLLECTIVELY1 ! ZADRUGA COMPRIS$ #e TO #a & EV5 #be MEMB]S4 ,TODAY !RE >E /ILL COMMUNITIES ( #ae TO #c P]SONS :]E P>5TS1 SONS & DESC5DANTS LIVE TOGE!R & CULTIVATE !IR L&S 9 COMMON4 ,FEUDALISM1 >IS+ 9 ! #i? & #a? C5TURIES1 DEALT ! DEA? BL[ TO ?IS PRIMITIVE COMMUNISM4 ,! PRES5T-DAY COMMUNAL PA/URE & WOODS1 ! TRADITION ( COMMUNAL LABOR1 >E /URDY LA/+ TRACES ( PRIMITIVE COMMUNISM 9 ! SOCIAL & ECONOMIC LIFE ( ! PEOPLE4 ,EA* YE> COMPANIES ( G>D5]S >E =M$ & TRAVEL ?R\< ! C\NTRYSIDE2 GR\PS ( H>VE/]S DESC5D FROM NOR!RN ,BULG>IA & ! M\NTA9 VILLAGES 9TO ! PLA9S ( S\!RN ,BULG>IA TO GA!R ! CROPS2 GR\PS ( BUILD+ & TRANSPORT WORK]S >E =M$2 ALL ?IS IS COLLECTIVE LABOR4 ,9 MANY VILLAGES ! ?RE%+ ( :EAT IS /ILL DONE1 AS FROM TIME IMMEMORIAL1 ESS5TIALLY ON ! WORK PR9CIPLES ( ! ZADRUGAS1 CORN-HUSK+ IS A COMMUNAL1 FE/IVE OCCASION2 SP9N+ P>TIES1 MUTUAL AID 9 BUILD+ HOMES1 >E EV]YDAY EV5TS 9 ! LIFE ( ! ,BULG>IAN VILLAGE4 ,?US IT IS NOT ACCID5TAL ?AT ! COOP]ATIVE MOVEM5T IS V]Y P[]FUL & ?AT 9 !SE LA/ YE>S CO-OP]ATIVES TO WORK ! L& COLLECTIVELY HAVE DEVELOP$ RAPIDLY & A*IEV$ GREAT SUCCESS4 ,BUT ! MOVEM5T ( P>TICUL> IMPORTANCE & GREAT HI/ORICAL CONSEQU5CES1 NOT ONLY = ,BULG>IA BUT = ! CULTURAL R5AISSANCE ( ,EUROPE AS WELL1 WAS ,BOGOMILISM -- A MOVEM5T ( ! ,MIDDLE ,AGES ( A DI/9CTLY AN>*I/ *>ACT]4 ,BOGOMILISM1 A H]ESY ( ORI5TAL ORIG9 PREA*$ BY A ,BULG>IAN PRIE/1 ,J]EMIAH ,BOGOMIL1 DEVELOP$ AMONG ! IMPOV]I%$ PEASANT MASSES AT ! BEG9N+ ( ! #a? C5TURY4 ,IT REPRES5T$ SOCIAL REVOLT AGA9/ FEUDALISM1 & DEF5SE ( ! PEASANT COMMUNE BY PASSIVE RESI/ANCE4 ,AS A RELIGION ,BOGOMILISM WAS UNORIG9AL3 A MIXTURE & RECA/+ ( DUALI/ DOCTR9ES & H]ESIES D]IV$ FROM ! ,ORI5T4 ,BUT SOCIALLY IT WAS 5TIRELY ORIG9AL3 A PURELY ,BULG>IAN & ,YUGOSLAV MOVEM5T :OSE REVOLUTION>Y IDEOLOGY WAS 7= ?AT TIME7 DEF9ITELY ANTI-/ATI/4 ,CATEGORICALLY & UNEQUIVOCALLY1 ! ,BOGOMILES REPUDIAT$ ALL AU?ORITY3 ECONOMIC 7! RI* & !IR WEAL?71 POLITICAL 7! ,/ATE & ! ,BOY>D GOV]NM5T71 RELIGI\S 7! *UR* & ITS DOGMAS & CL]GIES74 ,!IR CL&E/9E WRIT+S EXPRESS MOD]N SOCIAL IDEAS ?AT C\LD BE 9S]T$ )\T *ANGE 9TO ! PROGRAMS ( PRES5T-DAY AN>*I/ MOVEM5TS4 ,! ,BOGOMILES COV]$ ALL ,BULG>IA ) A NETWORK ( COMMUNES & PRACTIC$ ! PR9CIPLES ( FREE COMMUNISM4 ,AFT] ?REE C5TURIES ( W>1 ,BOGOMILISM WAS EXT]M9AT$ 9 ,BULG>IA BY FIRE & SWORD4 ,BUT IT PASS$ ! FRONTI]S & SPREAD 9TO ,BOSNIA & ,ITALY UND] ! NAMES ( ,PAT>9S & ! ,CA?>I1 & 9FLU5C$ ! ,ALBIG5SES 9 ,FRANCE4 ,9 ,WE/]N ,EUROPE IT PREP>$ ! GR\ND = ! ,R5AISSANCE & ,RE=MATION4 

,BULG>IA REMA9$ UND] ,TURKI% DOM9ATION = FIVE C5TURIES 7#a#c#i#c TO #a#h#g#g74 ,! ,BULG>IANS' S]VITUDE WAS D\BLE3 POLITICAL T[>D ! ,TURKS & RELIGI\S T[>D ! ,GREEKS4 ,D>K AGES4 ,BUT1 AS ALWAYS & EV]Y:]E1 SLAV]Y GAVE BIR? TO REVOLT & /RUGGLE4 ,POLITICAL & SOCIAL CONDITIONS UN=TUNATELY DID NOT L5D !MSELVES TO ! CREATION ( A WELL CO-ORD9AT$ SOCIAL MOVEM5T4 ,H5CE ! /RUGGLE TOOK ! *>ACT] ( 9DIVIDUAL REVOLT3 ! ,HAIDUCKS1 A K9D ( B&IT COMP>ABLE TO ! H]OES ( ,S*ILL]'S 0,! ,BRIG&S40 ,! ,HAIDUK MOVEM5T BEGAN 9 ! #a#e? & #a#f? C5TURIES2 FEW AT FIR/1 !Y BECAME LEGION4 ,!Y LONG PRES]V$ ! *>ACT]I/ICS ( 9DIVIDUAL REVOLT1 ( PR(ESSIONAL SEMI-B&ITRY1 MU* LIKE ,/5KA ,RAZ9 9 ,RUSSIA4 ,?\< !IR REVOLT LAT] ACQUIR$ A CLE>LY SOCIAL *>ACT]1 !Y C\LD NEV] COMPLETELY FREE !MSELVES ( ! ME?ODS ( 9DIVIDUAL /RUGGLE4 ,! GREAT 9FLU5CE ( ! ,HAIDUK MOVEM5T ON ! POLITICAL & SOCIAL LIFE ( ! ,BULG>IAN PEOPLE IS REFLECT$ 9 POPUL> POETRY4 ,!RE ! ,HAIDUK IS DEPICT$ AS A ROMANTIC H]O1 COMBAT+ VIOL5CE & EXPLOITATION1 DEF5D+ ! POOR1 A SWORN 5EMY ( T*ORBADJIS 7GREAT L&[N]S & NOBLES71 MONOPOLI/S & ,TURKI% TYRANNY4 ,HE IS A SYMBOL ( DIS9T]E/$NESS & LOVE1 ( LIMITLESS SELF-SACRIFICE = ! PEOPLE & = LIB]TY4 ,! WORK+ MASSES & !IR HATR$ ( T*ORBADJIS1 EXPLOIT]S & OPPRESSORS =M$ ! SOCIAL BASIS ( ! ,HAIDUK MOVEM5T4 ,ITS HI/ORICAL IMPORTANCE LAY 9 PRES]V+ & SAFEGU>D+ AMONG ! OPPRESS$ WORK+ PEOPLE ! TRADITION ( 9DEP5D5CE1 ! SPIRIT ( C\RAGE1 & ! HOPE ( COM+ LIB]ATION2 & 9 ?IS WAY IT PREP>$ ! FIR/ PHASE ( ! REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5T4 ,DIRECTLY L9K$ ) ! ,HAIDUK MOVEM5T WAS ! 0NATIONAL-REVOLUTION>Y0 MOVEM5T ?AT EM]G$ DUR+ ! #a#i? C5TURY & LAID ! BASIS ( 9TELLECTUAL1 CULTURAL & POLITICAL REVIVAL4 ,?IS MOVEM5T WAS SUPPORT$ BY ?REE SOCIAL =CES3 ! >TISANS' & M]*ANTS' GUILDS ?AT DEVELOP$ DUR+ ! #a #g? & #a#h? C5TURIES 9 ! VILLAGES & CITIES ( ! L[] ,BALKANS2 ! POOR & OPPRESS$ PEASANTS ( ! SAME REGIONS2 & ! PROGRESSIVE 09TELLIG5TSIA10 ESPECIALLY TEA*]S1 ( :OM ! DISCIPLES ( ! ,RUSSIAN SOCIALI/S ( ! #ahf P]IOD W]E ! VANGU>D4 

,! REBIR? PASS$ ?R\< ?REE PR9CIPAL PHASES3 

#a4 ,AN 9TELLECTUAL R5AISSANCE 7#a#h#c-#a#h#d7 :OSE *IEF ACCOMPLI%M5T WAS ! F\ND+ ( ECCLESIA/ICAL S*OOLS4 

#b4 ,! /RUGGLE = 9DEP5D5CE ( ! ,BULG>IAN *UR* 7#a#h#e TO #a#h#f71 CULM9AT+ 9 ! E/ABLI%M5T ( AN 9DEP5D5T *UR* & LIB]ATION FROM SPIRITUAL S]VITUDE TO ! ,GREEKS 7CON/ITUTION ( ! EX>*ATE 9 #a#h#g74 

#c4 ,A REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5T ?AT DEVELOP$ >\ND #ahg & HAD BO? A NATIONAL LIB]ATION & A PURELY SOCIAL *>ACT]4 

,! LA/ PHASE ( ! ,BULG>IAN REVIVAL -- ! REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5T -- HAS DIRECT 9FLU5CE ON ! PRES5T-DAY ,AN>*I/ MOVEM5T 9 ,BULG>IA4 ,:5 ! NATIONAL REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5T >OSE1 ! NATIONAL PROBLEMS ( ,WE/]N ,EUROPE W]E NE>LY ALL SOLV$ & SOCIAL PROBLEMS ALREADY OCCUPI$ A PRIM>Y PLACE4 

,= ?IS REASON ! NATIONAL-REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5T WAS /RONGLY 9FLU5C$ BY ! SOCIALISM ( ! ,FIR/ ,9T]NATIONAL & DEVELOP$ A /RONG SOCIALI/ T5D5CY4 ,! FIR/ MILITANTS ( ! NATIONAL-REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5T HAD BE5 9FLU5C$ BY ,RUSSIAN REVOLUTIONI/S1 ,BAKUN9 FIR/ ( ALL4 ,CRI/O ,BOTEV1 ,BULG>IA'S GREATE/ POET1 WAS ! MO/ REM>KABLE REVOLUTIONI/ ( ! P]IOD4 ,HE DI$ H]OICALLY AT ! HEAD ( A COMPANY ( P>TISANS 9 ! M\NTA9S1 ,JUNE #b1 #a#h#g#f1 TWO YE>S BE=E ! NATIONAL EMANCIPATION4 ,HE HAD /UDI$ 9 ,RUSSIA1 HAD LIV$ 9 ,ROMANIA ) ,NE*AEFF4 ,A DISCIPLE ( ,PR\DHON & ,BAKUN91 A REVOLUTIONI/ & J\RNALI/ ( GREAT BREA?1 HE IS TODAY ! NATIONAL H]O1 ! 9SPIRATION ( ,BULG>IAN Y\? AMONG :OM HIS DEEPLY MOV+ WORKS HAVE LONG K9DL$ ! FLAME ( IDEALISM & REVOLUTION>Y SOCIAL /RUGGLE4 ,9 ADDITION TO !SE TRADITIONS1 ! ,AN>*I/ MOVEM5T WAS FAVOR$ BY ! SOCIAL & ECONOMIC /RUCTURE ( ! C\NTRY3 ! PROLET>IAT IS SMALL1 & SMALL PEASANT PROPRIETORS COMPRISE ! L>GE/ CLASS BY F>4 ,JU/ BECAUSE ( ! FAMILY *>ACT] ( AGRICULTURE1 & ! EXTREME DIVID+ UP ( ! L&1 ! PEASANTS CON/ITUT$ A WORK+ CLASS EXPLOIT$ BY CRU%+ TAXES & DISPOS$ TO IDEAS ( LIB]TY1 9DEP5D5CE & MUTUAL AID4 ,F9ALLY1 ONE MORE IMPORTANT FACTOR3 ! ,BULG>IANS' EXTREME ATTA*M5T TO LIB]TY4 ,NEV]!LESS1 DUR+ ! FIR/ YE>S AFT] ! LIB]ATION1 UNTIL #a#i#b#c1 AN>*ISM & AN>*O-SYNDICALISM HAD ONLY A MOD]ATE GR[?3 ! 9FLU5CE ( ,RUSSIAN T]RORISM & ,FR5* 09DIVIDUALISM10 ! ,HAIDUK H]ITAGE ( 9DIVIDUALI/ ACTION1 W]E IRRESI/IBLE2 ! ELITE ( ,BULG>IA'S PROLET>IANS & 9TELLECTUALS P]I%$ 9 ! /RUGGLE4 ,9 ADDITION1 MU* ( !IR 5]GY W5T 9TO ! NATIONAL-REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5T ( ! ,MAC$ONIANS4 ,?US ! ,BULG>IAN REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5T WAS DEPRIV$ ( A HO/ ( C\RAGE\S M51 A V]Y GRAVE LOSS2 BUT = ALL ?AT1 ?IS ACTIVITY WAS A PRECI\S CONTRIBUTION TO ! ,BALKAN /RUGGLES = LIB]ATION4 ,! PIONE]S ( ?IS MOVEM5T W]E ,AN>*I/S1 & ! ,BULG>IAN PUBLIC KN[S ?AT ! ,MAC$ONIAN NATIONAL-REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5T IS PR9CIPALLY ! WORK ( ,BULG>IAN ,AN>*I/S :OSE CLE> UND]/&+ ( ! NATIONAL-REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5T NEV] ALL[$ !M TO ISOLATE ! /RUGGLE = ,BULG>IAN NATIONAL LIB]ATION FROM ! SOCIAL /RUGGLE4 ,F9ALLY1 IF WE CAN SEE ! RET>D+ EFFECTS ( T]RORISM ON ! GR[? ( ! ,AN>*I/ MOVEM5T 9 ! FIR/ P>T ( ! #b? C5TURY1 WE CAN SEE TOO ?AT ! V]Y P>TICIPATION ( ,AN>*I/S 9 ?IS ACTION IS ! BASIS ( ! HI< OP9ION ( AN>*ISM 9 ,BULG>IA1 = ?IS ACTION WAS 9 ! SPIRIT ( ! HI/ORICAL TRADITIONS2 ! UNP>ALLEL$ C\RAGE1 IDEALISM & SELF-SACRIFICE ( !SE GREAT REVOLUTION>Y FIGURES HAS DRAWN ! POPUL> MASSES TO AN>*ISM4 ,DUR+ ?IS P]IOD1 ! ,SOCIALI/ MOVEM5T WAS EQUALLY /AGNANT3 :5 ! ,RUSSIAN ,SOCIAL-,DEMOCRATIC P>TY SPLIT AT ! BEG9N+ ( ! C5TURY1 ! ,BULG>IAN ,SOCIAL-,DEMOCRACY ALSO SPLIT 9 TWO4 ,P>TISANS ( UNIT$ POLITICAL ACTION BY WORK]S & SMALL PEASANT PROPRIETORS =M$ 79 IMITATION ( ! ,RUSSIANS7 ! CLE>LY ,OPPORTUNI/IC 0,%IROKI0 ,SOCIAL-,DEMOCRATIC P>TY4 

,P>TISANS ( ! CONCEPTION ?AT ! PROLET>IAT ALONE CAN BE A REVOLUTION>Y CLASS 9 ! ,M>XI/ S5SE =M$ ! 0,T5SI0 ,SOCIAL-,DEMOCRATIC P>TY1 V]BALLY REVOLUTION>Y1 ACTUALLY ALSO OPPORTUNI/IC & ELECTORALI/4 ,AT ?IS TIME ! ,AGR>IAN ,UNION ALSO ABSORB$ MANY MILITANTS4 ,AT FIR/ ! ,AGR>IAN ,UNION WAS AN ECONOMIC MOVEM5T ( PEASANTS ) V]Y ADVANC$ COOP]ATIVE & SOCIALI/IC T5D5CIES4 ,LAT] ! TR5D T[>D P>TICIPATION 9 POLITICAL /RUGGLES TOOK HOLD & TRANS=M$ ! ,UNION 9TO A POLITICAL P>TY1 ! /RONGE/ 9 ! C\NTRY AFT] ! FIR/ ,WORLD ,W>4 ,O!R POLITICAL P>TIES 9 ,BULG>IA AT ! 5D ( ! FIR/ ,WORLD ,W> W]E ! ,LIB]TY ,P>TY & ! ,DEMOCRATIC ,P>TY -- UNDI/+UI%ABLE EXCEPT = PHRASEOLOGY1 TAK+ P[] BY TURNS AS ! ,K+ WILL$ -- & AN 9SIGNIFICANT ,RADICAL ,P>TY ANXI\S TO TAKE ITS PLACE AMONG !M4 ,!RE WAS NO?+ V]Y DEMOCRATIC1 LIB]AL OR PROGRESSIVE AB\T ANY ( ! ?REE1 ALL S]VANTS ( ! ,K+ :O VI$ ) EA* O!R 9 REPRESSIONS AGA9/ ! PEOPLE4 

,F9ALLY1 ! MO/ REACTION>Y P>TY1 ! ,N>ODRISAK1 ! P>TY ( ! BIG CAPITALI/S1 AL?\< NOT NUM]\S1 EX]T$ GREAT 9FLU5CE ON POLITICAL & ECONOMIC LIFE4 ,?AT MO/ ( ! CL]GY & NE>LY ALL ! ACTIVE & RES]VE (FIC]S ( ! >MY W]E ITS WAT*DOGS WAS DEMON/RAT$ 9 ! C\P D'ETAT ( ,JUNE #i1 #a#i#b#c1 & ! BLOODY REPRESSIONS ?AT FOLL[$4 ,! FIR/ ,WORLD ,W> M>K$ A NEW BEG9N+ 9 ! DEVELOPM5T ( ! AN>*I/ 9SPIR$ REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5T4 ,SOME GR\PS EXI/$ BE=E ! W>1 BUT ! MOVEM5T HAD BE5 UNABLE TO WORK \T A G5]AL PLAN ( PROPAG&A & ACTION TO REA* ALL SECTIONS ( ! POPULATION4 ,! ACTIVITIES ( GR\PS W]E ( AN 9DIVIDUAL *>ACT]3 SOME PUBLI%$ PAMPHLETS & BOOKS1 O!RS W]E ACTIVE 9 ! ,AGR>IAN ,UNION1 O!RS TRI$ UNSUCCESSFULLY TO BUILD A ,REVOLUTION>Y ,SYNDICALI/ MOVEM5T4 

,AMONG HI< S*OOL & UNIV]SITY /UD5TS1 ,AN>*I/ IDEAS F\ND !IR MO/ FAVOR$ RECEPTION2 ORGANIZ$ REFUSAL TO PAY TAXES1 AT ,*ABLA & ,DURAN-,KULAK1 DEVELOP$ 9TO A PEASANT 9SURRECTION2 A G5]AL /RIKE 9 ! COLLEGES SPREAD ?R\<\T ! C\NTRY2 F9ALLY1 9 ?IS P]IOD1 ! NEWSPAP] ,RABOTNI*ESKA ,MISSAL 7,WORK]S' ,?\<T71 :I* BECAME ! ORGAN ( ! ,AN>*I/ ,F$]ATION AFT] ! W> APPE>$ AS ! VOICE ( ,REVOLUTION>Y ,SYNDICALISM4 ,DUR+ ! FIR/ ,WORLD ,W> ! ,BULG>IAN GOV]NM5T AB&ON$ NEUTRALITY TO ALLY ITSELF ) ! ,C5TRAL ,P[]S4 ,MANY ,AN>*I/S1 JUDG+ ! W> IMP]IALI/1 REFUS$ TO FI<T2 SOME W]E %OT AT ! FRONT1 O!RS 9 PRISON4 ,:5 ,BULG>IA 5T]$ ! W>1 ,ALEX&] ,/AMBULIYSKI1 LEAD] ( ! ,AGR>IAN ,UNION1 WAS IMPRISON$ 9 ! ,S(IA C5TRAL PRISON = D5\NC+ ,K+ ,F]D9& AS A TRAITOR4 ,HE LIK$ TO TALK ) ! IMPRISON$ ,AN>*I/S1 5JOY$ !IR COMPANY4 ,AFT] ! W>1 AS ,PRESID5T ( ! ,C\NCIL1 HE DECL>$ 9 HIS FAM\S DISCLOSURE FROM ! BALCONY ( ! ,M9I/RY ( ,=EIGN ,AFFAIRS ?AT P[] & ! ,/ATE CORRUPT ! MO/ MORAL 9DIVIDUAL1 & HE ADVIS$ PRECAUTIONS4 ,:5 ! POLICE >RE/$ ! AUDI5CE AT A MEET+ 9 ! ,S(IA AN>*I/ CLUB1 HE W5T1 AS SOON AS HE LE>N$ ( IT1 TO RELEASE !M BE=E ! POLICE C\LD EMPLOY ! =M ( ASSASS9ATION KN[N AS 0ATTEMPT TO ESCAPE40 ,BUT TWO YE>S LAT] HE WAS HIMSELF CORRUPT$ BY P[] & 9ITIAT$ A VA/ CAMPAIGN ( REPRESSION 9 :I* MANY AN>*I/S W]E ASSASS9AT$ & AN>*I/ CLUBS BURN$4 

,SOB] & H>D-WORK+1 ! ,BULG>IAN PEOPLE HAVE LITTLE LOVE = ! ,/ATE OR = GOV]NM5TS4 ,MANY POPUL> SONGS EXPRESS !IR DEEP LOVE ( LIB]TY & ADMIRATION ( ! ,HAIDUKS1 ?OSE VALIANT GU]RILLAS :O ALWAYS GAVE BATTLE TO OPPRESSORS & EXPLOIT]S4 ,! ?REE YE>S ( W> OV]FL[$ ! CUP ( SUFF]+3 ! PEOPLE W>N$ ! GOV]NM5T TO SIGN A SEP>ATE PEACE1 OR ELSE ! SOLDI]S W\LD LEAVE ! FRONT4 ,! W>N+ W5T UNHE$$1 & 9 ,SEPTEMB] #a#i#a#h1 FRONT-L9E SOLDI]S DES]T$ 5 MASSE &1 KEEP+ !IR >MS1 SET \T = ! CAPITAL TO PUNI% ! W>MAK]S & ESPECIALLY ,K+ ,F]D9& :O HAD ABDICAT$ & FL$ TO SAFETY 9 ,G]MANY BE=E !IR >RIVAL4 ,! SUBSEQU5T DEBACLE WAS NOT ?\<T ( AS A GREAT NATIONAL MIS=TUNE1 QUITE ! OPPOSITE2 POLITICIANS & SPECULATORS HAD 5RI*$ !MSELVES SC&AL\SLY ON ! W> & ! 0NATIONAL IDEAL40 ,! POPUL> MASSES GAVE FREE EXPRESSION TO !IR DISCONT5T & !IR DESIRE TO REVOLT AGA9/ NOT ONLY ! PR(ITE]S & ! W> BUT ! B\RGEOIS REGIME AS WELL4 ,/AMBULIYSKI1 :O N[ CAME TO P[]1 5JOY$ TREM5D\S POPUL>ITY1 ESPECIALLY AMONG ! PEASANTS1 BY VIRTUE ( HIS GE/URE AGA9/ ! ,K+2 HE BELIEV$ HE C\LD DAM UP ! ?REAT5+ REVOLUTION BY DIVID+ ! POPUL> MASSES1 C\NTRY AGA9/ CITY1 & ACCOMPLI% A K9D ( PREV5TIVE C\NT]-REVOLUTION BY PROVOK+ CONFLICTS BETWE5 !M4 ,! ,RUSSIAN REVOLUTION1 :OSE PROGRESS ! PROLET>IAT FOLL[$ ) 5?USIASM1 FUR!R BOL/]$ ! REVOLUTION>Y SPIRIT4 ,9 ?IS ATMOSPH]E ! ,BULG>IAN ,AN>*I/ ,COMMUNI/ ,F$]ATION WAS =M$1 & ITS 9FLU5CE NEV] CEAS$ TO GR[4 ,9 ,SEPTEMB] #a#i#a#i1 DELEGATES FROM AN>*I/ GR\PS MET 9 NATIONAL CONF]5CE & F\ND$ ! ,F$]ATION ( ,AN>*I/ ,COMMUNI/S 9 ,BULG>IA4 ,UND] PRESSURE ( EV5TS ALL ?OSE :O HAD HI!RTO PREF]R$ TO DEVOTE !MSELVES EXCLUSIVELY TO ! PEASANT COOP]ATIVE MOVEM5T1 TO ! TRADE UNION MOVEM5T1 TO ! CULTURAL MOVEM5T & TO LOCAL PROPAG&A1 OR EV5 TO 9DIVIDUAL ACTIVITY1 CAME TO REALIZE ! URG5T NE$ = A F$]ALI/ ORGANIZATION ?AT W\LD1 BY JO9T /UDY ( !IR PROBLEMS1 CO-ORD9ATE $UCATIONAL PROPAG&A & MASS ORGANIZATION ) A VIEW TO DEF5SE ( ! IMM$IATE 9T]E/S ( ! PEOPLE & ! CREATION ( A BETT] SOCIETY4 ,?IS FIR/ CONF]5CE UNIFI$ ! AN>*I/-9SPIR$ REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5T & GAVE IT P[]FUL IMPETUS4 ,9T5SIVE PROPAG&A1 & 9CREAS+ P>TICIPATION BY MILITANTS 9 SOCIAL AGITATION & /RIKE ACTIVITY1 POPUL>IZ$ AN>*I/ IDEAS & TACTICS4 ,! MOVEM5T LACK$ OLD MILITANTS1 IT LACK$ EXP]I5CE1 BUT 9ITIATIVE MADE UP = ?AT4 ,TO SPREAD !IR IDEAS AMONG ! PEOPLE & TAKE P>T 9 ! /RUGGLE = FRE$OM1 MANY HI< S*OOL & UNIV]SITY /UD5TS LEFT S*OOL & BECAME WORK]S4 ,! NUMB] ( SYMPA?IZ]S 9CREAS$ DAILY1 APACE ) 9CREAS+LY SEV]E GOV]NM5T REPRESSION1 P>TICUL>LY AT ! TIME ( ! TRANSPORT /RIKE4 ,FROM AN 9SIGNIFICANT MOVEM5T ( SMALL GR\PS & CLOS$ CIRCLES1 ! AN>*I/-9SPIR$ REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5T WAS DEVELOP+ 9TO A MASS MOVEM5T4 ,! F\R ,REGIONAL ,UNIONS >RANG$ REGUL> $UCATIONAL SPEAK+-T\RS & PROPAG&A MEET+S 9 ALL CITIES & VILLAGES4 ,! ,F$]ATION ITSELF WAS SECRET & RE/RICT$ TO MILITANTS4 ,PUBLIC ACTIVITY TOOK ! =M ( SOCIAL /UDIES' GR\PS1 SEMI-SYNDICALI/ PRODUC]S' GR\PS1 & COMBAT GR\PS4 ,9 ,JANU>Y #a#i#b#c1 ! ,FIF? ,CONGRESS1 ! FIR/ & ONLY PUBLIC 7BUT ILLEGAL7 AN>*I/ CONGRESS1 WAS HELD AT ,JAMBOL2 ! PREVI\S CONGRESSES HAD ALL BE5 HELD SECRETLY 9 ! M\NTA9S4 ,! CONGRESS CONCLUD$ ) A MEET+ 9 ! T[N SQU>E4 ,AT ,JAMBOL ! MOVEM5T DEF9$ ITS IDEOLOGY1 TACTICS & ORGANIZATION 9 CLE>LY AN>*I/-COMMUNI/ T]MS4 7,IMPORTANT1 BECAUSE ! ,AN>*I/S W]E !N ALMO/ ALONE 9 DECL>+ PUBLICLY AGA9/ P[]74 ,DELEGATES FROM ALL OV] ! C\NTRY REPORT$ ! ORGANIZATIONAL & PROPAG&A ACCOMPLI%M5TS ( !IR RESPECTIVE GR\PS4 

,9 ,JAMBOL ITSELF1 9 ,NOVA ,ZAGORA1 ,KHASKOVO1 ,KYU/5DIL1 ,RADOMIR1 ,KILIJ>EVO & ,DELEBETS ! MAJORITY ( ! WORK]S W]E AFFILIAT$ ) ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T4 ,GREAT PROGRESS WAS BE+ MADE AT ,PLOVDIV1 ,S(IA1 ,BURGAS1 ,RUSSE1 ETC4 ,! QUICK5+ ( GOV]NM5TAL REPRESSION AGA9/ ! WORK]S' MOVEM5T1 & ESPECIALLY AGA9/ ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T1 PREOCCUPI$ ! CONGRESS4 ,ONCE 9 P[]1 ,/AMBULIYSKI -- PRESID5T ( ! ,AGR>IAN ,UNION & SIMULTANE\SLY ,PRESID5T ( ! GOV]NM5T -- HAD BEGUN TO P]SECUTE ! ,LEFTI/S & SUPPORT ! ,RI<TI/S4 ,HIS ,PREFECT ( ,POLICE1 ,PRUDK91 ( ,RUSSIAN ORIG9 & OBSCURE PA/1 MANUFACTUR$ ATT5TATS TO JU/IFY REPRISALS AGA9/ ! WORK]S' MOVEM5T4 ,SEV]AL ,COMMUNI/ HALLS & ,H\SES ( ! ,PEOPLE W]E BURN$4 ,TO ! AN>*I/S1 ,PRUDK9 APPLI$ ! SY/EM ( ATTEMPT$ ESCAPE3 :5 HE CONSID]$ A MILITANT TOO 0BO!RSOME01 HE HAD HIM >RE/$ & %OT 9 ! BACK ( ! HEAD2 TO ! PRESS IT WAS ANN\NC$ ?AT SU* & SU* A DANG]\S 9DIVIDUAL HAD BE5 KILL$ ATTEMPT+ TO ESCAPE4 ,!SE ASSASS9ATIONS BECAME REPEAT$1 FREQU5T2 A VA/ FASCI/-REACTION>Y (F5SIVE WAS OBVI\SLY UND]WAY4 ,?IS ! /ATEM5TS ( AGR>IAN MILITANTS CONFIRM$4 ,! FASCI/S W]E PRES5T+ ! GOV]NM5TS ) ACCOMPLI%$ FACTS4 ,FROM C>ELESS TALK IT WAS ALSO KN[N ?AT 9 ! ,MAC$ONIAN ,AUTONOMI/ ORGANIZATION & 9 ! ,MILIT>Y ,LEAGUE SOME?+ OM9\S WAS GO+ ON4 

,FASCISM 9 ,P[] 

,IT WAS ! EVE ( DECISIVE EV5TS4 ,AT ! =EFRONT ( ! /RUGGLE1 ! ,AN>*I/S W]E ! FIR/ AW>E ( ! DANG]4 ,AGA9/ #i P] C5T ( ! POPULATION1 ! REACTION>Y #a P] C5T W\LD NOT HAVE BE5 SO DANG]\S1 HAD ! PEOPLE BE5 >M$2 & ! ,AN>*I/S RAIS$ ! SLOGAN3 0,>M ! PEOPLE40 ,BUT !Y ALONE UND]/OOD ! NEW SITUATION1 !Y ALONE PROPOS$ >M+ ! PEOPLE1 ! ONLY EFFECTIVE DEF5SE AGA9/ ! RIS+ FASCISM4 ,= ALL !IR REVOLUTION>Y PHRASEOLOGY1 ! ,COMMUNI/ LEAD]S HAD BE5 WON OV] TO ELECTORAL OPPORTUNISM4 ,ALREADY1 9 #aiai -- #a#i#b1 :5 ! REVOLUTION>Y PRESSURE ( ! PEOPLE ?REAT5$ TO OV]?R[ ! CAPITALI/ REGIME1 ! ,COMMUNI/ LEAD] & !ORETICIAN1 ,DMITRI ,BLUGOEFF1 PROP\ND$ ! FAM\S !SIS ( ! 0?REE-F\R?S FROM ABROAD10 ?AT IS1 ?REE-QU>T]S ( ! =CE BEH9D A TRIUMPHANT ,BULG>IAN REVOLUTION W\LD HAVE TO COME FROM ABROAD -- SO ?OR\<LY DID ,BLUGOEFF MISJUDGE ! REVOLUTION>Y 5]GY ( ! ,BULG>IAN PEOPLE :O EA* DAY GAVE PRO( ( !IR DET]M9ATION TO PUT AN 5D TO ! CAPITALI/ REGIME4 ,! REACTION>Y B\RGEOISIE TOOK NOTE1 R$\BL$ ITS MANEUV]S DESIGN$ TO DIVIDE ! POPUL> MASSES4 ,SIMIL>LY1 9/EAD ( FOLL[+ ! EXAMPLE ( ?OSE :O W]E =M+ COMBAT GR\PS & DEM&+ ?AT ! PEOPLE BE >M$1 ! ,COMMUNI/S KEPT ON ) !IR NOISY1 %ORT-SI<T$ PROPAG&A4 ,! ,AGR>IANS1 9TOXICAT$ BY P[]1 DID NOT TAKE ! FASCI/ DANG] S]I\SLY2 !IR LEAD]S HUNT$ = WAYS TO AGGRAVATE ! DISUNITY ( ! MASSES1 & ?\<T ( NO?+ ELSE BUT ( CRU%+ ! ,COMMUNI/S & ,AN>*I/S2 !Y DID ORGANIZE A COMBAT =MATION1 ! 0ORANGE GU>D10 BUT IT WAS 9T5D$ AS AN 9/RUM5T ( REPRESSION AGA9/ /RIK]S & AGA9/ DEMON/RATIONS BY WORK]S & REVOLUTION>Y PEASANTS4 

,! ,SOCIALI/S W]E ! MO/ CONFUS$ ( ALL ! LEFTI/ GR\PS -- SO CONFUS$ ?AT :5 ! FASCI/ C\P D'ETAT BEGAN SOME ( !M1 UND] ,DIMO ,KASASS(F1 P>TICIPAT$ 9 ! FASCI/ PROJECT1 & ,DIMO ,KASASS(F JO9$ ! GOV]NM5T ( ! S9I/] ,PR(ESSOR ,TZANK(F4 ,! REVOLUTION>Y GR\PS ( ! ,AN>*I/S W]E ! MO/ CLE>-SI<T$ & AGGRESSIVE4 ,FE>+ ?AT A C\P D'ETAT W\LD TALLY ALL ANTI-FASCI/ RESI/ANCE >\ND ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T1 ! FASCI/ LEAD]S DECID$ TO UTILIZE !IR SECRET AG5TS 9 ! POLICE1 & ESPECIALLY !IR SECRET ,LEAGUE ( ,REGUL> ,>MY ,(FIC]S1 TO LIQUIDATE ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T BE=E ATTEMPT+ !IR C\P4 ,ON ,M>* #b#f1 #a#i#b#c1 ! AN>*I/ ORGANIZATION CONVOK$ ! WORK]S ( ,YAMBOLI TO A MEET+ 9 ! C5TRAL SQU>E ( ! T[N TO PROTE/ ! ASSASS9ATIONS ( MILITANTS & TO DEM& ! >M+ ( ! PEOPLE4 ,! MEET+ WAS =BIDD5 BY ! MILIT>Y COMM&]2 AT ! APPO9T$ H\R ! SQU>E WAS OCCUPI$ BY TROOPS & TROOPS W]E PO/$ AT /RATEGIC PO9TS 9 ! T[N4 ,9 SMALL GR\PS1 ! ,AN>*I/S W]E SUCCE$+ 9 REA*+ ! SQU>E2 SOME W]E ALREADY !RE1 9CLUD+ ! DESIGNAT$ SPEAK]4 ,JUDG+ ! MOM5T H]E1 HE CLIMB$ UP ON A B5* & BEGAN TO TALK4 ,AFT] A S+LE W>N+1 ! COMM&] GAVE ! TROOPS ! ORD] TO FIRE4 ,AT ! FIR/ VOLLEY1 ! SPEAK] & O!R COMRADES W]E W\ND$4 ,! AUDI5CE1 9/EAD ( RUNN+ TO SAFETY1 REPLI$ SO 5]GETICALLY ) PI/OL & GR5ADE ?AT IT WAS ! TROOPS :O HAD TO FLEE4 ,A FURI\S BATTLE LA/$ TWO H\RS4 ,! TWO REGIM5TS /ATION$ 9 ! CITY W]E 9SUFFICI5T1 ! COMM&] HAD TO BR+ UP A REGIM5T ( HEAVY >TILL]Y FROM A T[N NE>BY4 ,9 SPITE ( ! ,AN>*I/S' C\RAGE & BOLDNESS1 ! SUP]IORITY ( NUMB]S & ABOVE ALL ( >MS WAS CRU%+4 ,!Y DECID$ TO CEASE FIRE & SCATT] UND] COV] ( NI<T4 ,NEV]!LESS ! SOLDI]S CAPTUR$ #bf ( !M & TOOK !M TO ! B>RACKS4 ,T[>D MIDNI<T1 9 ! B>RACKS C\RTY>D1 9 A R[1 FAC+ LEVEL$ MA*9E GUNS1 !Y WAIT$1 CALMLY1 DEFIANTLY4 ,A SUP]IOR (FIC] >RIV$1 COMM&$3 0,LET ?OSE :O >E ,AN>*I/S TAKE ?REE /EPS =W>D40 ,AS ONE MAN ! :OLE L9E ADVANC$ ?REE /EPS4 ,! (FIC]S GAVE ! MA*9E-GUNN]S ! ORD] TO FIRE4 ,! #bf M5 W]E CUT D[N BY BULLETS1 FELL4 ,! VEIL ( NI<T COV]$ !IR CORPSES4 ,NO ONE W\LD HAVE KN[N H[ !Y W]E ASSASS9AT$1 )\T TRIAL OR S5T5CE2 BUT1 AMONG ! VICTIMS1 ! /UD5T ,OBRET5(F1 W\ND$1 PR(IT+ BY D>KNESS1 MANAG$ TO CRAWL ?R\< ! B>B$ WIRE ?AT SURR\ND$ ! B>RACKS2 HE REA*$ ! HOSPITAL :]E HE TOLD :AT HAD HAPP5$4 ,AMONG ! FRI<T5$ ATT5DANTS SOMEONE D5\NC$ HIM1 & )9 AN H\R SOLDI]S CAME LOOK+ = HIM TO F9I% HIM (F4 ,BUT ! TRU? WAS KN[N4 ,! FOLL[+ DAY ! MILIT>Y AGA9 SUCCE$$ 9 CAPTUR+ MILITANTS1 & %OT !M4 ,ALL O!RS HID \T 9 ! T[NS1 NEI<BOR+ VILLAGES1 >ID ! M\NTA9S4 ,! SAME MORN+1 BE=E ! NEWS C\LD >RIVE1 TROOPS 9VAD$ ! ,S(IA ,AN>*I/S HALL :]E A MEET+ WAS GO+ ON & >RE/$ EV]YBODY4 ,BUT F9ALLY ! ,AN>*I/S ( ALL ,BULG>IA W]E AL]T$ & TOOK !IR PRECAUTIONS4 ,H[ DID PUBLIC OP9ION REACT TO ?IS MASSACRE & !SE FASCI/ PROCE$+S8 ,! ASSASS9S ( ,YAMBOLI W]E PROTECT$ BY ! GOV]NM5T1 &1 TO DIV]T ATT5TION FROM HIMSELF1 ,/AMBULIYSKI W5T 9 P]SON TO ,S(IA TO LIB]ATE PRISON]S4 

,BE=E ! ,AN>*I/S' MAGNIFIC5T EXAMPLE ( C\RAGE & SELF-SACRIFICE1 ! ,COMMUNI/ PRESS DID NOT MODIFY ITS CU/OM>Y HO/ILITY -- ! Y\NG ,COMMUNI/ MILITANT1 ,G4 ,/O9(F ( ,YAMBOLI1 C\LD NO LONG] /OMA* ! ATTITUDE ( HIS P>TY1 & COMMITT$ SUICIDE4 ,! ,COMMUNI/S1 :OSE 9FLU5CE ON ! MASSES WAS GREAT]1 DID NOT ?9K ?IS /RUGGLE IMPORTANT4 ,! B\RGEOIS P>TIES W]E SIL5T1 !Y UND]/OOD ?AT ! FIR/ PHASE ( !IR FASCI/ (F5SIVE HAD BEGUN4 ,FROM !N ON1 EV5TS HURRY =W>D3 ?REE MON?S LAT]1 ON ,JUNE #i1 COMES ! C\P D'ETAT AGA9/ ! ,/AMBULIYSKI ,AGR>IAN GOV]NM5T1 BUT MA9LY AGA9/ ! WORK+ CLASS & ! REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5T4 ,EMBRAC+ REPRES5TATIVES ( ALL ! B\RGEOIS P>TIES & ! ,SOCIALI/ ,P>TY1 CONTROLL+ ! ,MILIT>Y ,LEAGUE & ! ,MAC$ONIAN ,AUTONOMI/ ORGANIZATION & ORGANIZATIONS ( RES]VE (FIC]S & NONCOMMISSION$ (FIC]S1 ! ,ZV5O CIRCLE -- ! SAME ?AT S9CE ! 0LIB]ATION0 HAS %>$ P[] ) ! ,COMMUNI/S -- SUCCESSFULLY EXECUT$ ! C\P D'ETAT4 ,9 ,S(IA ! ,AGR>IAN M9I/]S W]E >RE/$2 ,/AMBULIYSKI1 9 ! C\NTRY1 WAS CAPTUR$1 MURD]$4 ,! ,ORANGE ,GU>D RESI/$ ONLY A V]Y %ORT TIME1 ONLY AT ,PLEVNA4 ,! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY PRES]V$ ITS USUAL PASSIVITY1 ITS CALM2 ! ,C5TRAL ,COMMITTEE ( ! ,P>TY DECL>$3 0,LET ! TWO B\RGEOISIES 7( C\NTRY & CITY7 KILL EA* O!R40 ,! ,AN>*I/S1 HUNT$ D[N & %OT BY ! ,/AMBULIYSKI GOV]NM5T & /ILL BE>+ ! SC>S ( ,YAMBOLI1 TRI$ TO RESI/ ! C\P D'ETAT3 AT ,KILIF>EVO !Y ROSE1 C>RI$ ! LOCAL ,COMMUNI/S & ,AGR>IANS ALONG ) !M1 & /OOD (F ! ASSAULTS ( ! >MY = SEV]AL DAYS4 ,!Y EV5 OCCUPI$ ! CITY ( ,DR5OVO & SEV]AL VILLAGES AT ! FOOT ( ! M\NTA9S4 ,HAD ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY JO9$ 9 !SE ACTIONS1 HAD ! ,AGR>IANS BE5 BETT] PREP>$1 ! UPRIS+ BUR/+ \T 9 MANY PLACES C\LD HAVE PUT D[N ! FASCI/ C\P D'ETAT4 ,!SE EV5TS >E REM9ISC5T ( ! FASCI/ 9SURRECTION 9 ,SPA9 9 #a#i#c#f3 A PRECONCEIV$ PLAN1 A MASSIVE FASCI/ ASSAULT4 ,9 ,BULG>IA1 ?\< UNPREP>$ = UNIT$ MASS ACTION1 ! ,AN>*I/S PUT UP /UBBORN RESI/ANCE3 NOT = DIRECT REALIZATION ( !IR IDEAL ( ,LIB]T>IAN ,COMMUNISM1 LESS /ILL TO RESCUE ! ,/AMBULIYSKI GOV]NM5T1 BUT SIMPLY TO PREV5T ! IMPOSITION ( FASCISM4 ,LAT] ! ,BULG>IAN ,COMMUNI/S1 SPURR$ BY ,MOSC['S REPROA*ES1 0TOOK COGNIZANCE ( !IR MI/AKES0 & ORGANIZ$ AN UPRIS+ 79 ,SEPTEMB]74 ,BUT ! ,BULG>IAN ,COMMUNI/S HAD NO EXP]I5CE 9 REVOLUTION>Y ACTION & ! PLANS W]E DISCOV]$ BE=EH& BY ! AU?ORITIES4 ,! UPRIS+ FAIL$4 ,! ,AN>*I/S TOOK AN ACTIVE P>T1 CONTRIBUT$ IMPORTANT SUCCESSES & MANY VICTIMS4 ,! SAVAG]Y ( ! T]RIFI$ FASCI/ B\RGEOISIE WAS UNRE/RA9$3 B>RACKS1 S*OOLS & PRISONS W]E FULL ( ANTI-FASCI/S4 ,EA* NI<T ! TORTUR]S CAME LOOK+ = VICTIMS2 BLACK WAGONS CAME LOOK+ = BODIES TO ?R[ OV] A CLIFF OR 9TO A RAV9E4 ,EA* NI<T1 = DAYS1 WEEKS & MON?S1 PRISON BOATS ON ! ,DANUBE ?REW MUTILAT$ CORPSES 9TO ! WAT]S4 ,AMONG ! COMBATANTS1 AS AMONG ! DEAD1 ,AGR>IANS1 ,COMMUNI/S & ,AN>*I/S HAD !IR H]OES & !IR M>TYRS4 ,! NUMB] ( ASSASS9AT$ ANTI-FASCI/S -- PEASANTS1 WORK]S1 9TELLECTUALS -- REA*$ #c#e1 ,! NUMB] CONDEMN$ TO DEA?1 TO LIFE IMPRISONM5T1 LONG T]MS1 WAS V]Y HI<4 ,9 ANSW] TO ?IS BUT*]Y1 ! ATT5TAT ( ! ,S(IA ,CA!DRAL WAS C>RI$ \T2 #bb P]SONS DI$1 AMONG !M #ac G5]ALS & M9I/]S4 

,WE >E H]E 9 ! D>KE/ YE>S ( FASCI/ REACTION4 ,!RE W]E GU]RILLAS ALL ?R\< ! REGIME4 ,! FIR/ ,BULG>IAN P>TISAN UNITS W]E ,AN>*I/S4 ,! ,COMMUNI/S1 DECL>$ 5EMIES ( ?IS TACTIC1 BUSI$ !MSELVES ) ELECTORAL BATTLES & AGA9 LO/ 9T]E/ 9 ! REVOLUTION>Y /RUGGLE4 ,FROM #aibc -- #aibd ONW>D1 ! AN>*I/S ,VASSIL ,IKONOMOV1 ,VASSIL ,/4 ,POPOV 7,G]OI71 ,T9KO ,SIMOV1 ,GEORGI ,POPOV1 ! BRO!RS ,TUMANGELOV1 & MANY O!RS =M$ P>TISAN GR\PS ?AT W5T 9TO ! M\NTA9S & KEPT ! REVOLUTION>Y >DOR ( ! ,BULG>IAN PEOPLE ALIVE4 ,! BLOODIE/ REPRESSION C\LD NOT /AMP \T :AT REFUS$ TO DIE3 LOVE ( LIB]TY & ! WILL TO /RUGGLE TO REGA9 IT4 ,UND] ! FASCI/ REGIME ! FIR/ L>GE-SCALE LABOR ACTION WAS ! SUCCESSFUL G5]AL /RIKE ( TOBACCO MANUFACTUR+ WORK]S4 ,ITS PR9CIPAL LEAD] WAS ! ,AN>*I/ ,IVAN ,KON/ANI(F1 MILITANT ( ,PLOVDIV4 ,! /UD5T Y\?1 ALSO1 P>TICUL>LY ! ,F$]ATION ( ,AN>*I/ ,/UD5TS 7,B4,O4,N4,S4,F471 DI/+UI%$ ITSELF BY /UBBORN ACTIVITY DESPITE BEAT+S1 P]SECUTION1 ASSASS9ATIONS4 ,F9ALLY WE MU/ GIVE CR$IT TO ! PASSIVE RESI/ANCE ( ! PEASANTS4 ,= SIX OR SEV5 YE>S !Y DID EV]Y?+ !Y C\LD TO AVOID PAY+ TAXES1 9 SPITE ( SEIZURES & PUBLIC SALES4 ,R>ELY DID ANYONE D>E BUY SU* GOODS4 ,TAX RECEIPTS DID NOT COME TO EV5 HALF ! BUDGET E/IMATES4 ,9 !SE BLOODY /RUGGLES ! ,AN>*I/ MOVEM5T LO/ MANY MILITANTS4 ,BUT !RE W]E O!R LOSSES1 TOO1 LOSSES RESULT+ FROM COLLABORATION ) POLITICIANS1 ABOVE ALL ) ! ,COMMUNI/S4 ,! 0,UNIT$ ,FRONT0 TACTIC IS 9 FACT A ,COMMUNI/ IDEA1 BASICALLY A MANEUV] TO SWALL[ UP 0SI/]0 ORGANIZATIONS4 ,SOME LET CIRCUM/ANCES GET ! BETT] ( !M1 & A 0REVISIONI/0 T5D5CY DEVELOP$ )9 ! MOVEM5T2 ?OSE :O PRACTIC$ CLOSE1 CONT9UAL COLLABORATION ) ! ANTI-FASCI/ POLITICAL P>TIES S\<T SELF-JU/IFICATION 9 REVISION ( FUNDAM5TAL ,AN>*I/ IDEAS4 ,O!RS1 HOP+ TO BUILD UP AN EXCLUSIVELY SYNDICALI/ MOVEM5T1 W5T SO F> AS TO ASS]T ?AT ! PROLET>IAT1 ?R\< ITS UNIONS1 HAD ! RI<T TO ORGANIZE & DIRECT ! LIFE ( ! :OLE SOCIETY -- ?\< 9 ,BULG>IA ! PROLET>IAT IS ONLY #a P] C5T ( ! POPULATION4 ,?IS P]IOD ( CONFUSION DID1 H[EV]1 GIVE ! ,F$]ATION AN EXP]I5CE FROM :I* IT LE>N$ TO REJECT ALL COLLABORATION ) POLITICAL P>TIES EXCEPT ON ! PLANE ( REVOLUTION>Y ACTION4 ,9 #aica ELECTIONS W]E HELD4 ,DESPITE ELABORATE PRECAUTIONS FAVORABLE TO FASCI/S & PRO-FASCI/S1 !Y W]E DEFEAT$4 ,BULG>IA N[ HAD A K9D ( DEMOCRATIC GOV]NM5T2 BUT ! OMNIPOT5CE ( >MY & POLICE WAS NOT DI/URB$4 ,FRE$OM ( SPEE* & ASSOCIATION WAS SO CIRCUMSCRIB$ ?AT ?IS REGIME WAS H>DLY DI/+UI%ABLE FROM DICTATOR%IP4 ,NEV]!LESS1 IT DID REPRES5T A SLI<T IMPROVEM5T OV] ! N9E YE>S ( AV[$LY FASCI/ RULE4 ,! ANTI-FASCI/ GR\PS BEGAN TO RESUME ACTIVITY4 ,9 PO9T ( MEMB]S ! TWO /RONGE/ W]E ! ,AGR>IAN ,UNION & ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY1 CLOSELY FOLL[$ BY ! ,AN>*I/ ,F$]ATION4 ,AN>*I/ P]IODICALS & PUBLICATIONS1 ?\< SEV]ELY C5SOR$ & (T5 CONFISCAT$1 APPE>$ ANEW3 PAP]S1 !ORETICAL MAGAZ9ES1 PAMPHLETS1 BOOKS4 ,! MOVEM5T REBUILT RAPIDLY1 BUT IT /ILL HAD TO REMA9 UND]GR\ND1 9 UTMO/ SECRECY4 ,OV]LY ,AN>*I/ LABOR1 PEASANT OR CULTURAL ORGANIZATIONS W]E =BIDD54 

,BUT SKILLFUL SUBT]FUGES 5ABL$ ! MOVEM5T TO MAKE SUB/ANTIAL PROGRESS2 ! ,AN>*I/ PEASANT ORGANIZATION1 ! ,UNION ,VLASSOVD51 C\NT$ #ac GR\PS2 & !RE W]E #d SYNDICALI/ GR\PS4 ,9 ! CULTURAL FIELD1 UND] FASCISM1 ! ,AN>*I/S HAD CREAT$ ! MOVEM5T ( 0AB/95T Y\?0 :O DEVELOP$ AN EXT5SIVE ACTIVITY UND] ?IS MODE/ NAME4 ,!Y HAD BRAN*ES 9 T[NS & VILLAGES & ALL ! BIGG] S*OOLS4 ,! MILITANTS ( ! ,F$]ATION HAD ALSO ORGANIZ$ AN ASSOCIATION ( ,AN>*I/ & ,AN>*I/-SYMPA!TIC WRIT]S1 PA9T]S1 SCULPTORS1 !AT] >TI/S1 DOCTORS1 5G9E]S1 SCI5TI/S & 9TELLECTUALS4 ,?IS ACTIVITY WAS BROAD5$ & 9T5SIFI$ AFT] ! M\NTA9 CONGRESS ( ,SEPTEMB]1 #a#i#c#c1 ?AT REAFFIRM$ ! ,AN>*I/-,COMMUNI/ BASIS ( ! ,F$]ATION.<#a.>4 ,BUT 9 ,MAY1 #a#i#c#d1 ! ,MILIT>Y ,LEAGUE /AG$ A NEW C\P D'ETAT4 ,HOP+ TO /IFLE ! LOVE ( LIB]TY =EV]1 ! REACTION>Y B\RGEOISIE TURN$ TO ! CORPORATIVE ME?OD ( FASCISM4 ,! MILIT>Y1 REGIM5T+ EV]Y PHASE ( SOCIAL1 ECONOMIC & CULTURAL LIFE1 E/ABLI%$ ! 0NEW ORD]40 ,?IS 0NEW ORD]0 WAS REALLY V]Y OLD1 ! ,BULG>IAN PEOPLE W]E NOT DECEIV$4 ,! TOTALIT>IAN /ATE /ROVE TO BR+ ALL SOCIAL1 ECONOMIC & CULTURAL ORGANIZATIONS UND] ITS DIRECT CONTROL2 BUT :5 ACTIVE /RUGGLE IS NO LONG] POSSIBLE1 PASSIVE RESI/ANCE F9DS MANIFOLD EXPRESSION4 ,IF ONE C\LD NO LONG] PUBLI% A NEWSPAP] TO ONE'S LIK+1 ONE DID NOT !RE=E HAVE TO READ ?OSE ( ! CORPORATIVE LIE-&-OBSCURANTISM FACTORIES4 ,IF ONE C\LD NOT ORGANIZE AN ASSOCIATION 9 H>MONY ) ONE'S IDEAS & ASPIRATIONS1 ONE DID NOT BELONG TO AN ORGANIZATION :OSE AIM WAS DIRECTLY CONTR>Y4 ,DUES1 ( C\RSE1 W]E COLLECT$ BY ! TAX-COLLECTOR LIKE TAXES4 ,/ILL1 IF ONE C\LD NOT ALWAYS GET \T ( ATT5D+ MEET+S1 ONE DISP5S$ ) TAK+ P>T 9 ! DISCUSSION4 ,& AS TO WORK1 ONE DID NOT /RA9 ONESELF4 ,NATURALLY1 ALL ?AT DOES NOT SOLVE ! PROBLEM1 IT IS NOT 5\< TO 5D AN OPPRESSIVE REGIME4 ,!RE COMES A TIME :5 ONE'S 9DIGNATION CAN NO LONG] BE CONTA9$2 REVOLT1 FIR/ 9DIVIDUAL1 !N COLLECTIVE2 !N1 ALSO1 BULLETS1 PRISON1 ! CONC5TRATION CAMP4 ,DUR+ ! LA/ W>1 DUR+ ! ,G]MAN OCCUPATION1 PASSIVE RESI/ANCE GREW TREM5D\SLY1 & AT ONE TIME ! >M$ RESI/ANCE V]Y MU* RESEMBL$ ! #aibc 9SURRECTION2 :5 NEW GR\PS ( P>TISANS APPE>$ & ! ,COMMUNI/S S\<T TO MONOPOLIZE ?IS =M ( /RUGGLE1 ! ,AN>*I/S JO9$ 9 ?IS MOVEM5T4 ,ACT+ 9DEP5D5TLY OR 9 COOP]ATION ) ! ,COMMUNI/S1 !Y CAME IMM$IATELY AFT] ! ,COMMUNI/S 9 NUMB] ( VICTIMS4 ,& !Y TOOK P>T 9 ! LIB]ATION MOVEM5T ( ,SEPTEMB] #i1 #a#i#d#d4 ,BULG>IA1 UND] OCCUPATION TILL ?AT DATE1 F\<T ! ,GE/APO & ,G]MAN ,NAZISM4 ,IT WAS AN >S5AL4 ,! MO/ /R+5T MEASURES W]E US$ TO ?ROTTLE EV]Y ATTEMPT AT PROTE/1 BUT ! ,BULG>IAN PEOPLE GAVE PRO( ( EXTRAORD9>Y MORAL =CE1 ! ?\S&S ( PEASANTS & WORK]S W]E %OT1 & !IR H\SES BURN$ BY ! FASCI/S4 ,(T51 TO REV5GE !MSELVES ON A S+LE MAN ( RESI/ANCE1 ! FASCI/S KILL$ WIFE1 *ILDR51 P>5TS1 BRO!RS & SI/]S4 ,9 ?IS /RUGGLE1 ! ,BULG>IAN ,SYNDICALI/S & ,AN>*I/S W]E 9 ! VANGU>D1 AS MU* 9 RESI/ANCE GR\PS AS 9 SABOTAGE GR\PS )9 ! FACTORIES4 

,! 0,NEW ,]A0 

,FASCISM ( ! ,HITL]IAN TYPE WAS LIQUIDAT$ 9 ,BULG>IA ON ,SEPTEMB] #i1 #a#i#d#d4 ,! ,BULG>IAN PEOPLE ?\<T !Y W]E 9 A SITUATION FULL ( EXCELL5T POSSIBILITIES4 ,FACTORY & WORK%OP COMMITTEES1 COMPOS$ ( WORK]S1 W]E CREAT$ SPONTANE\SLY4 ,NEW LOCAL COMMITTEES TOOK RESPONSIBILITY = ADM9I/RATION4 ,9 ! /REETS & PUBLIC SQU>ES ! VICTORI\S PEOPLE OP5LY DISPLAY$ ITS REVOLUTION>Y WILL4 ,! UNION MOVEM5T REORGANIZ$4 ,BUT ,SOVIET ,RUSSIA WAS NE>1 ! ,RUSSIAN >MY OCCUPI$ ! C\NTRY4 ,& AS IS !IR HABIT :5EV] ! PEOPLE REVOLT1 ! LEAD]S ( ! POLITICAL P>TIES SUCCE$$ 9 RETAK+ P[]4 ,!Y DID NOT %R9K FROM HEAVY MEASURES AGA9/ REVOLUTIONI/S4 ,SL[LY BUT SY/EMATICALLY !Y LIQUIDAT$ ALL ! GA9S ( A PEOPLE :O HAD HOP$ TO GO BEYOND A SIMPLE POLITICAL TURNOV]4 ,AT ! 9/IGATION ( ! ,COMMUNI/S1 A NUMB] ( POLITICAL GR\PS COLLABORAT$ TO =M ! ,FA!RL& ,FRONT4 ,?IS GR\P TOOK P[] & BECAME DICTATORS ( ! NEW ,BULG>IA4 ,! *>ACT] ( ! GR\PS BEH9D IT WAS (T5 DUBI\S1 !IR PA/ (T5 REACTION>Y4 ,SOME ( !IR \T/&+ MEMB]S HAD PLAY$ A CRUCIAL ROLE 9 ! #aicd FASCI/ C\P D'ETAT4 ,! ,ZV5O CLIQUE ( RES]VE & NONCOMMISSION$ (FIC]S HAD TAK5 P>T 9 ! #aibc & #aicd C\PS D'ETAT4 ,ONE ( !IR M51 ,KIMO ,GEORGIEFF1 ! NEW ,PRESID5T ( ! ,C\NCIL HAD ALSO BE5 ,PRESID5T ( ! ,C\NCIL AFT] ! #aicd C\P D'ETAT & HAD TRI$ TO 9TRODUCE A ,MUSSOL9I-TYPE CORPORATION 9TO ,BULG>IA4 ,AFT]W>DS1 = P]SONAL MOTIVES1 HE HAD JO9$ SOME O!R >MY M5 9 OPPOSITION TO ! ,K+4 ,) REACTION>IES ( ?IS TYPE ! ,COMMUNI/S COLLABORAT$ & %>$ P[]4 ,!Y W]E CREAT+ A TRANSITIONAL SITUATION TO CLE> ! WAY = EXCLUSIVE APPROPRIATION ( P[] BY ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY -- A PROCESS MADE EASI] BY ! PROXIMITY ( ,RUSSIA1 ! PRES5CE ( ,RUSSIAN TROOPS 9 ,BULG>IA1 & ! OPPRESSIVE REGIME ?AT !Y GRADUALLY BUT PITILESSLY IMPOS$ ON ! :OLE C\NTRY4 ,! FACADE WAS PATRIOTIC PROPAG&A3 ,FA!RL& ,FRONT1 0,NATIONAL ,R5AISSANCE40 ,! PROGRAM ( ! ,FA!RL& ,FRONT DELIB]ATELY MASK$ ! REALITY3 IT PRET5D$ TO RE/ORE ! RI<TS ( ! PEOPLE1 FRE$OM ( PRESS1 ( MEET+1 ( ASSOCIATION2 POLITICAL1 CULTURAL & JURIDICIAL LEGALITY4 ,BUT FROM ! \TSET !RE W]E C]TA9 V]Y SIGNIFICANT RE/RICTIONS3 ONLY ! P>TIES 9 P[] OR GR\PS SUPPORT+ !M C\LD PUBLI% NEWSPAP]S1 MAGAZ9ES & BOOKS1 OR ORGANIZE MEET+S1 CONF]5CES & CONGRESSES1 OR C>RY ON PUBLIC ACTIVITY4 ,! O!R GR\PS HAD ONLY TO WORK & KEEP QUIET2 & IF !Y D>$ EXPRESS BY WORD OR WRIT+ !IR OP9ION ( SOCIAL1 ECONOMIC & CULTURAL CONDITIONS1 OR !IR NON-CON=MI/ IDEAS ON SOCIAL *ANGE1 !Y C\LD C\NT ON BE+ S5T TO ! CONC5TRATION CAMP AS 9 ! DAYS ( FASCI/ RULE4 ,OBVI\SLY !SE MEASURES W]E NOT AIM$ AT ! FASCI/S1 = ONE ( !IR P>TIES1 ! MILIT>Y CLIQUE1 WAS 9 P[]2 :ILE ! ,AN>*I/S1 ?\< REPRES5T$ ON LOCAL COMMITTEES 9 SOME PLACES1 DID NOT TAKE P>T 9 ! ,FA!RL& ,FRONT4 

,! ,COMMUNI/S AIM$ AT DE/ROY+ ALL FRE$OM & TAK+ FULL P[]4 ,LAT] !Y GA9$ CONTROL ( A P>LIAM5T>Y MAJORITY & >E N[ AT WORK MAK+ ! ,FA!RL& OV] 9TO A ,S+LE ,P>TY2 & !N ! O!R P>TIES WILL NO LONG] BE TOL]AT$4 ,BULG>IA WILL HAVE A ,S+LE ,P>TY REGIME ANALOG\S TO ! ABSOLUTE P[] ( ! ,COMMUNI/S 9 ! ,SOVIET ,UNION4 ,ONE ( ! *IEF MEASURES TAK5 BY ! ,COMMUNI/-DIRECT$ GOV]NM5T HAS BE5 ABSOLUTE CONTROL ( ! TRADE UNION MOVEM5T4 ,9 ! UNION /ATUTES !IR DEMOCRATIC BASIS IS ( C\RSE AFFIRM$4 ,BUT ! ,COMMUNI/S QUICKLY CONV]T$ ! UNIONS 9TO AN 9/RUM5T ( GOV]NM5T POLICY4 ,BY ?REAT OR BY VIOL5CE ! MEMB]S W]E MADE TO ATT5D MEET+S & DEMON/RATIONS & LI/5 TO ,COMMUNI/ ORATORS4 ,9/EAD ( DEF5D+ ! WORK+ CLASS1 !SE FAI?FUL S]VANTS ( ! ,P>TY REPEAT ! (FICIAL SLOGANS ( !IR ,P>TY4 ,BY PURELY FASCI/ ME?ODS1 ALL WORK]S W]E H]D$ 9TO A S+LE UNION ORGANIZATION4 ,MEMB]%IP IS N[ COMPULSORY4 ,ALL CRITICISM1 EV5 ! V]Y MILDE/1 ( ! ,P>TY OR ANY ( ITS MEMB]S IS V]Y RISKY2 IT LEADS TO ! CONC5TRATION CAMP4 ,ME?ODS ( VIOL5CE IMPOSE SIL5CE ON ! WORK]S4 ,ORGANIZ$ SPY+ & 9=M+ AMONG ! WORK]S & LIB]AL B\RGEOISIE P]FECT !SE ME?ODS4 ,ANY RESI/ANCE TO ?IS POLICY1 SO DANG]\S TO ! WORK+ CLASSES1 IS CALL$ A 0FASCI/ PLOT04 ,! UNION MU/ UNRES]V$LY ACCEPT A GOV]NM5T POLICY ?AT CUTS WAGES1 9TRODUCES PIECEWORK1 DEVELOPS ! SPIRIT ( COMPETITION AMONG WORK]S1 & AGGRAVATES ! HI]>*ICAL WAGE SY/EM4 ,?US LABOR ORGANIZATION HAS BECOME A DOCILE TOOL 9 ! H&S ( ! ,/ATE1 ( ! GOV]NM5T4 ,?IS IS R$ FASCISM1 PURE & SIMPLE4 ,! ,AN>*I/S BECAME ! T>GET ( P]SECUTION BY ?IS TOTALIT>IANISM V]Y E>LY1 %ORTLY AFT] ! ,RUSSIANS >RIV$4 ,AT FIR/ ! GOV]NM5T C\LD NOT REFUSE A SEMBLANCE ( LIB]TY2 HALLS W]E REOP5$ & ! NEWSPAP] ,RABOTNI*ESKA ,MISSAL REAPPE>$2 BUT NOT = LONG1 ! HALLS W]E CLOS$ EV]Y:]E1 ! ONE 9 ,S(IA LA/$ JU/ A LITTLE LONG] ?AN ! RE/2 ! NEWSPAP] WAS ABLE TO PUBLI% ONLY EI<T ISSUES1 AFT] ! CONFISCATION ( ! EI<? NUMB] IT DEF9ITELY CEAS$ TO APPE>1 IT WAS BANN$4 ,ALL PROPAG&A1 ORAL OR WRITT51 ALL FREE ORGANIZATIONAL ACTIVITY1 IS =BIDD54 ,BOOKS & PROPAG&A PAMPHLETS >E REGUL>LY CONFISCAT$ & BURN$4 ,! :OLE MOVEM5T HAS BE5 DRIV5 UND]GR\ND AGA94 ,?IS WAS A PREP>$ PLAN3 AT ! BEG9N+1 :5 ! MEMORY ( ! EXPLOITS ( ! ,AN>*I/S W]E /ILL ALIVE 9 ! HE>TS ( ! :OLE POPULATION1 ! GOV]NM5T & POLICE FELT ! NE$ = PRETEXTS = !IR >BITR>Y MEASURES2 !Y SOMETIMES EV5 RELEAS$ PRISON]S4 ,BUT !Y W]E NOT V]Y DEP5DABLE4 ,= EXAMPLE1 TO GIVE ITSELF A 0DEMOCRATIC0 APPE>ANCE ! NEW GOV]NM5T ( ! ,FA!RL& ,FRONT HAD PROCLAIM$ FRE$OM ( PRESS & ABOLITION ( C5SOR%IP4 ,BUT S9CE IMPORTATION ( NEWSPR9T HAD BECOME A ,/ATE MONOPOLY1 ! ,M9I/] ( ,9=MATION DET]M9$ ALLOCATIONS4 ,AFT] NUM]\S APPLICATIONS1 ! ORGAN ( ! ,AN>*I/ ,F$]ATION WAS AU?ORIZ$2 BUT V]Y SOON ITS ALLOTM5T WAS CUT (F BECAUSE ( AN >TICLE ASS]T+ ?AT ! /RONGE/ >M ( ! WORK+ CLASS 9 ! DEF5SE ( ITS 9T]E/S IS ! /RIKE4 

,!N ! ,COMMUNI/S TOOK A S]IES ( MEASURES AGA9/ ! MILITANTS ( ! ,F$]ATION3 ALL LOCALS W]E CLOS$1 & 9 MANY T[NS & VILLAGES1 AS 9 ,PLOVDIC & ,PAVEL ,BAGNA1 ALL ?OSE F\ND 9 ! (FICES ( ! ,F$]ATION W]E >RE/$4 ,:5 EXPLANATIONS W]E DEM&$ = !SE BRUTAL MEASURES1 SO OP5LY CONTRADICTORY TO ! ,FA!RL& ,FRONT'S ,SEPTEMB] #i PROCLAMATION ( FREE PRESS1 MEET+1 ORGANIZATION & ?\<T1 !Y REPLI$ 9V>IABLY3 0,ADDRESS Y\RSELVES TO ! ,C5TRAL ,COMMITTEE ( ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY10 & DESPITE ALL PROTE/S ! P]SECUTIONS CONT9U$1 9 ACCORDANCE ) ! ORD]S ( ! ,C5TRAL ,COMMITTEE ( ! ,P>TY4 

,TO =MULATE A POSITION 9 ?IS NEW SITUATION1 ! ,AN>*I/ ,F$]ATION CONVOK$ A SPECIAL CONF]5CE4 ,ON ! FIR/ DAY ( ! CONF]5CE1 ,M>* #a1 #a#i#d#e1 ALL ! DELEGATES PRES5T1 TO ! NUMB] ( #i1 W]E >RE/$ BY ! ,COMMUNI/ MILITIA1 S5T TO CONC5TRATION CAMPS & PUT AT =C$ LABOR 9 AN ATMOSPH]E ( MORAL & PHYSICAL SLAV]Y1 !Y W]E SUBJECT$ TO TORTURES & DEPRIV$ ( COV]+ & CLO?+4 ,?OSE /ILL AT LIB]TY S5T DELEGATIONS TO M9I/]S & LEAD]S ( GOV]NM5T P>TIES TO DEM& ! RELEASE ( ! PRISON]S4 ,BUT ALWAYS ! SAME ANSW]3 0,ADDRESS Y\RSELVES TO ! ,C5TRAL ,COMMITTEE ( ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY40 ,ON ,AUGU/ #b#f1 UND] PRESSURE FROM ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES & ,5GL&1 ! GOV]NM5T WAS =C$ TO P]MIT ELECTIONS1 & ! POLICE REGIME WAS MOD]AT$ SLI<TLY4 ,! PRISON]S W]E RELEAS$1 SOME ( !M1 AFT] HAV+ BE5 T]RIBLY BEAT54 ,= A FEW DAYS ! LIB]T>IAN PRESS WAS P]MITT$1 & ! GREAT 9T]E/ ( ! PEOPLE 9 ?IS MOVEM5T WAS DEMON/RAT$ BY ! FACT ?AT ,WORK]S' ,?\<T EXP&$ IMM$IATELY TO #c1 COPIES1 CONSID]ABLE = SO SMALL A C\NTRY4 ,BUT ?IS WAS ALL ! MORE REASON = ! ,COMMUNI/S TO SUPPRESS IT IMM$IATELY & RESUME /ILL MORE SEV]E REPRESSION DESIGN$ TO WIPE \T ! MOVEM5T = !Y RI<TLY FE>$ ! GR[? & COMPETITION ( A TRUE POPUL> MOVEM5T :OSE /R5G? & V]Y ROOTS LAY 9 ! SPIRIT ( LIB]TY & TRU?4 ,S9CE ?AT TIME1 P]SECUTIONS HAVE ONLY 9CREAS$1 SY/EMATICALLY1 M]CILESSLY4 ,>RE/S1 ?REATS1 MANHUNTS1 TORTURES1 N[ )\T RESPITE1 M\NT FROM DAY TO DAY4 

,AMONG ! 9T]N$ MILITANTS1 WE %\LD NOTE1 >E MANY :O D$ICAT$ !IR LIVES TO ! ANTI-FASCI/ /RUGGLE1 :O W]E CONDEMN$ TO DEA? BY ! FASCI/ REGIME & SP5T MU* ( !IR LIFE 9 PRISON 7SOMETIMES 9 COMPANY ) ! ,COMMUNI/ LEAD]S :O N[ GOV]N ! C\NTRY71 :O W]E ! FIR/ ORGANIZ]S ( ! P>TISANS1 ! F9E/ H]OES ( ! RESI/ANCE & ( ! ,SEPTEMB] #aidd UPRIS+ ( LIB]ATION1 & ! VOLUNTE]S 9 ,SPA9 9 #a#i#c#f4 ,ALMO/ ALL ?OSE >RE/$ HAVE BE5 ?R\< FASCI/ PRISONS & CONC5TRATION CAMPS4 ,SOME ( !M HAVE SP5T #bc YE>S 9 ILLEGALITY BECAUSE ( !IR OPPOSITION TO FASCISM4 ,BUT HI/ORY REPEATS ITSELF 9 DIFF]5T TOTALIT>IAN REGIMES3 IT IS PRECISELY ! PIONE]S ( LIB]TY & HUMAN FRE$OM ?AT ! SELF-/YL$ 0DEMOCRATIC0 0POPUL>0 GOV]NM5T ( ,BULG>IA *OOSES TO 9T]N 9 CONC5TRATION CAMPS1 SUBJECTS TO EXHAU/+ LABOR1 SY/EMATIC />VATION & TORTURE 9 ORD] TO EXT+UI% 9 ! ,BULG>IAN PEOPLE ANY SP>K ( 9DEP5D5CE1 ALL FEEL+ ( HUMAN DIGNITY4 ,9/ANCES >E MORE & MORE NUM]\S1 ! LI/ ( ANTI-FASCI/ PRISON]S IS BECOM+ 9T]M9ABLE4 ,IF ! DEA? P5ALTY IS /ILL EXCEPTIONAL1 ! CONC5TRATION CAMPS >E CALCULAT$ TO MAKE OPPON5TS DISAPPE>4 ,! TOTALIT>IAN REGIME 9T]V5ES EV]Y:]E1 AGA9/ ALL ?OSE :O BALK AT ITS ORD]S4 

,ALL SYNDICALI/ ACTIVITY IS =BIDD54 ,ONLY ONE UNION IS AU?ORIZ$1 ! ,G5]AL ,PR(ESSIONAL ,UNION ( ,WORK]S1 ! (FICIAL F$]ATION4 ,?OSE :O 5GAGE 9 ! LEA/ NON-CON=MI/ ACTIVITY1 EV5 9SIDE ! UNION1 >E EXPELL$ & BLACKLI/$ OR1 ESPECIALLY IF !Y >E ,AN>*I/S & ,SYNDICALI/S1 S5T TO CONC5TRATION CAMPS4 ,DISILLUSIONM5T AB\T ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY IS GREAT1 BUT ! RELATION%IP ( =CES \TWEI<S IT3 H[ IS LITTLE ,BULG>IA TO RESI/ ! NE>BY GIANT & A P]FECT$ POLICE APP>ATUS8 ,! ,COMMUNI/S FEEL SECURE4 ,MANY ORGANIZATIONS >E P]SECUT$1 ESPECIALLY ,AGR>IAN1 ,SOCIALI/ & ,AN>*I/ ORGANIZATIONS3 ! ,AGR>IAN ,UNION1 ! ,UNION ( ,AGR>IAN ,/UD5TS1 & ! ,UNION ( ,AGR>IAN ,Y\?2 ! ,UNION ( ,JEAN-,JAURES ,SOCIALI/ ,/UD5TS & ! ,UNION ( ,SOCIALI/ ,Y\?1 ! ,F$]ATION ( ,AN>*I/ ,/UD5TS & ! ,F$]ATION ( ,AN>*I/ ,Y\?2 ! ,AN>*O-,SYNDICALI/ ,NATIONAL ,CONF$]ATION ( ,LABOR4 ,POOR ,BULG>IA1 :OSE CLIMATE1 HILLY C\NTRY1 AGRICULTURAL *>ACT]1 POPUL> ASPIRATIONS TO LIB]TY & V]Y LIVELY S5TIM5T ( HUMAN SOLID>ITY PRES5T SU* A GREAT RESEMBLANCE TO ,SPA91 IS /ILL EXP]I5C+ ! SAME VICISSITUDES1 ! SAME HOPES1 ! SAME CRUEL DISILLUIONM5TS3 FASCISM AFT] #a#i#b#c1 A %ORT P]IOD ( CALM 9 #a#i#c#a1 !N ONCE AGA91 MORE & MORE 9EXORABLE1 TOTALIT>IAN REGIMES SUPPORT$ BY MILIT>Y OCCUPATION1 FIR/ BY ! ,G]MAN >MY1 !N BY ! ,R$ ,>MY1 ) ALL ! POLICE APP>ATUS & REPRESSION ?AT OCCUPATION IMPLIES4 ,WE >E N[ WITNESS+ A NEW EXPANSION ( T]RORISM1 AS ! R>E NEWS ?AT LEAKS \T ( ! R$ HELL ATTE/S1 AS O!R EXAMPLES & ABUNDANT TE/IMONY FROM O!R S\RCES C\LD CONFIRM4 ,A PEOPLE IS CRU%$1 ITS F9E & HUMAN *>ACT]I/ICS >E CRU%$4 ,! CONSCI5CE ( ! WORLD MU/ R\SE ITSELF -- AS IT %\LD HAVE R\S$ ITSELF :5 FASCISM SPREAD OV] ,C5TRAL ,EUROPE1 :5 IT SPREAD 9TO ,SPA94 ,9 NO O!R WAY C\LD IT !N1 OR CAN IT N[1 SAVE ! WORLD FROM T]RIBLE EVILS4 ,IT IS ALSO ! ONLY POSSIBLE POSITION = PEOPLE :O CANNOT CONC]N !MSELVES ) UTILIT>IAN CONSID]ATIONS OR ) FE>1 BUT MU/ ACT BY ! SPIRIT ( JU/ICE & ( TRU? ALONE4 

,M>*1 #aidh 

,APP5DIX #a3 ,COMMUNI/ ,CONC5TRATION ,CAMPS 9 ,BULG>IA3 ,=C$ ,LABOR1 ,/>VATION & ,TORTURE = ,OPPON5TS ( ,R$ ,FASCISM 

,9 SPITE ( ! F]OCI\S COMMUNI/ REPRESSION 9 ,BULG>IA -- TO :I* WE REF]R$ 9 \R LA/ ISSUE -- ! VOICE ( \R ,AN>*I/ COMRADES 9 ?AT C\NTRY HAS NOT BE5 SIL5C$4 ,! REPORT FROM ! ,SECRET>Y ( ! ,BULG>IAN ,AN>*I/-,COMMUNI/ ,F$]ATION1 :I* WE PR9T BEL[1 WAS SMUGGL$ PA/ ! IRON CURTA91 & HAS BE5 S5T TO US BY ! ,SUB-,SECRET>IAT ( ! ,9T]NATIONAL ,WORK]S ,ASSOCIATION = ,WE/]N ,EUROPE4 

0,ALL ! LETT]S ( \R ALPHABET W\LD NOT BE 5\< TO PRES5T ! TRUE *>ACT] ( ! CONC5TRATION CAMPS 9 \R C\NTRY1 :I* >E 9T5D$ TO EXT]M9ATE MAN & HIS FRE$OM4 ,ALONGSIDE \R COMRADES 9 !SE CAMPS >E ?\S&S ( O!R ,BULG>IANS4 0,WE %ALL GIVE SOME FACTS & EXAMPLES ?AT Y\ MAY JUDGE ! REALITY4 0,! CAMPS >E COMPOS$ ( B>RACKS MADE ( WOOD OR E>!N BRICKS1 & >E 9 TWO W+S4 ,! B$S -- ONE ABOVE ANO!R -- >E TWO MET]S LONG & #d CM4 WIDE4 ,ON ! B$ ! PRISON] MU/ PLACE1 AT ONE & ! SAME TIME1 HIMSELF & HIS BAGGAGE1 & FROM ! FIR/ NI<T ONW>D HE IS ABLE TO UND]/& P]FECTLY ! NATURE ( ! CAMPS4 

0,ONE CANNOT SPEAK ( HYGI5E1 BECAUSE1 9 ! MA91 !RE IS 9SUFFICI5T WAT]4 ,9 MO/ ( ! CAMPS1 WAT] HAS TO BE FET*$ FROM F> (F1 & !RE IS NOT 5\< = EV]YONE TO DR9K4 ,IT'S A BIG EV5T :5 ONE IS ABLE TO WA% ONE'S CLO!S -- A ?+ ?AT ISN'T POSSIBLE = EV]YONE4 ,ONLY ! /RONGE/ >E ABLE TO WA% !IR L95 ONCE A MON?1 OR ONCE 9 TWO MON?S4 ,M$ICAL AID IS GIV5 BY DECREE4 ,DOCTORS >E =BIDD5 TO PRESCRIBE RE/ 9 MORE ?AN ! AGRE$ P]C5TAGE ( CASES2 9 ! ,CUCIYAN ,CAMP1 = EXAMPLE1 ?IS IS #a P] C5T4 

0,! QUALITY ( ! FOOD IS BEYOND DESCRIPTION4 ,= EXAMPLE1 9 ! ,CUCIYAN ,CAMP1 NE> ! T[N ( ,P]NIK1 :]E ! WORK ( M9+ IS V]Y H>D & PA9FUL1 ! RATION IS #f GR4 ( BREAD A DAY & A S\P CALL$ '*ORBA1':I* DO NOT GIVE ! NECESS>Y CALORIES4 ,= SEV]AL MON?S NO?+ BUT CABBAGE -- ( ! WOR/ QUALITY 9 ,BULG>IA -- HAS BE5 COOK$ 9 ! ,CAMP1 A WITNESS FROM ! CAMP TELLS US4 ',MO/ ( \R FAT & SUG> RATION IS KEPT BY ! CAMP GU>DS1' A COOK1 REC5TLY RELEAS$ FROM ?IS CAMP1 /ATES4 ,! FOOD = NE>LY #a1 M5 IS COOK$ 9 BOIL]S MEANT TO SUPPLY #b -- #b#e4 ,IT IS ! SAME 9 ! CAMP CALL$ ,BOGDANOVDOL4 ,9 BOIL]S = #g -- #h M5 IS COOK$ ! FOOD = #ae -- #b4 ,! PRISON]S WORK #ae H\RS A DAY MAK+ BRICKS4 ,! SITUATION 9 !SE CAMPS IS P>TICUL>LY BAD1 AS FOOD & CLO?+ P>CELS HAVE BE5 =BIDD5 S9CE ,JANU>Y #a/4 0,! BAD CONDITIONS ( ! DWELL+ QU>T]S & ! FOOD >E NOT ! SOLE CAUSES ( ! DISCOM=T :I* ! 9T]NEES >E MADE TO SUFF]4 ,! AM\NT ( WORK REQUIR$ FROM EA* ONE IS H>D1 & IS1 MOREOV]1 ACCOMPANI$ BY AN 9HUMAN SY/EM ( PUNI%M5TS4 ,9 ?IS MATT] ! TWO CAMPS CIT$ >E ! WOR/4 ,! ,CUCIYAN ,CAMP IS KN[N AS 0,! ,C>ESSES ( ,DEA?0 & ,BOGDANOVDOL 0,! ,CAMP ( ,%AD[S40 0,! TREATM5T 9FLICT$ ON ! AN>*I/S IS P>TICUL>LY BAD4 ,!Y >E (T5 =C$ TO DO #cf H\RS' WORK )\T HALT+4 ,TWELVE TO #af H\RS WORK IS ! NORMAL ?+4 

,M5 (T5 FALL D[N ( HUNG] & FATIGUE1 & !RE HAVE BE5 SOME DEA?S 9 SPITE ( ! PRACTICE ( RELEAS+ DY+ PRISON]S1 SO ?AT !IR DEA?S TAKE PLACE AT !IR HOMES & NOT AT ! CAMP4 0,PUNI%M5TS >E SO BAD1 ?AT !Y >E BEYOND CONCEPTION4 ,9 ADDITION TO BEAT+S1 SUPPLEM5T>Y WORK & IMPRISONM5T = SEV]AL MON?S1 ! 9FAM\S PUNI%M5T ( 0C\NT+ ! />S0 IS PRACTIC$4 ,! 9T]NEES >E =C$ TO REMA9 /&+ MOTIONLESS 9 FRONT ( ! GU>DS 9 ! OP5 AIR1 DUR+ ! NI<T1 9 RA91 FRO/ OR SN[4 ,?IS PUNI%M5T LA/S ONE1 TWO1 ?REE1 F\R1 FIVE OR T5 CONSECUTIVE NI<TS & ?OSE :O >E UND]GO+ ?IS PUNI%M5T HAVE TO WORK DUR+ ! DAY4 ,!SE PUNI%M5TS >E APPLI$ ON ! SLI<TE/ PRETEXT4 

0,= EXAMPLE1 ONE ( \R COMRADES WAS ORD]$ TO 'C\NT ! />S' BECAUSE HE TOOK AN 9VALID FROM WORK & PUT HIM TO B$4 ,ANO!R ELD]LY COMRADE RECEIV$ ?REE NI<TS ( IT = ! CRIME ( NOT RIS+ :5 ONE ( ! CAMP (FIC]S PASS$ ?R\< ! HALL :ILE HE WAS EAT+ AT MIDDAY4 0,COLLECTIVE PUNI%M5TS' >E (T5 APPLI$4 ,= AN ]ROR BY ONE DETA9EE1 A GR\P1 A B>RACKS OR ! :OLE CAMP MAY BE PUNI%$4 ,!SE COLLECTIVE PUNI%M5TS >E US$ (T5 AGA9/ ! ,AN>*I/S4 ,!RE >E O!R SPECIAL PUNI%M5TS4 ,= EXAMPLE1 BY AN ORD] FROM ABOVE1 ! ,AN>*I/ COLLECTIVE HAS BE5 DE/ROY$ & ALL ! MEANS ( SUBSI/5CE CONFISCAT$4 ,9 ,SEPTEMB] ALONE MORE ?AN #a KILOS W]E CONFISCAT$ FROM !M4 0,:AT WE HAVE ALREADY SAID AB\T ! ,BULG>IAN EXT]M9ATION CAMPS W\LD BE 9COMPLETE )\T SOME SUPPLEM5T>Y DETAILS4 ,9 ! ,CUCIYAN ,CAMP1 = EXAMPLE1 A FEW MON?S AGO1 TWO *ILDR5 ( #ad SP5T NE>LY TWO MON?S4 ,9 ,BOGDANOVDOL & ,CUCIYAN T5 ,TURKI% *ILDR5 ( #ae -- #ag YE>S ( AGE >E /ILL DETA9$ TODAY4 ,) !SE *ILDR5 >E OLD PEOPLE ( #f -- #g4 0,AS 9 ,FRANCOI/ ,SPA9 & MON>*O-FASCI/ ,GREECE1 A REGIME ( T]ROR & 9TOL]ABLE VIOL5CE REIGNS ?R\<\T ,BULG>IA TODAY4 ,! DET5TION ( \R COMRADES CONT9UES1 & ?IS IS N[ )\T EV5 A *>GE BE+ BR\<T3 ',HE :O IS NOT ) US IS AN 5EMY ( ! PEOPLE1' DECL>$ A ,BULG>IAN ,M9I/] REC5TLY1 '& AGA9/ HIM WE MU/ FI<T PITILESSLY4' 0,IT IS 5\< N[ TO BE AN ,AN>*I/1 OR SIMPLY AN HONE/ MAN1 TO REFUSE TO CALL BLACK :ITE1 OR TO RECOGNIZE ! NEW MA/]S1 TO BE LABEL$ ',5EMY ( ! PEOPLE1' 'SABOTEUR' OR 'AGITATOR1' & TO BE TAK5 FROM Y\R HOME & SEP>AT$ FROM Y\R FAMILY4 0,ALL FREE-?9K+ PEOPLE ?R\<\T ! WORLD MU/ RAISE !IR VOICES & PROTE/ AGA9/ !SE CRIMES4 ,WE ASK !M TO MAKE !SE FACTS KN[N SO ?AT !Y CAN RISE ) US AGA9/ ! ,BOL%EVIK BUT*]Y4 0,D[N ) ! MASQU]ADE ( ! FALSE COMMUNISM & ! FALSE COMMUNI/6 

,BULG>IA1 ,JANU>Y1 #a#i#d#h0 

,TRANSMITT$ BY ! ,SUB-,SECRET>IAT ( ! ,I4,W4,A4 = ,W4 ,E,U,R,O,P,E1 ,PROVISIONAL ,SECRET>Y1 ,B]N>DO ,P\4 

,APP5DIX #b3 ,P>TIAL LI/ ( ,AN>*I/S & ,AN>*O-,SYNDICALI/S 9 ,BOL%EVIK ,CONC5TRATION ,CAMPS 9 ,BULG>IA 

#a4 ,A,L,E,X,&,] ,D,I,M,I,T,R,(,F ,A,L,E,X,I,E,F,F -- ,5G9E]+ /UD5T1 AGE #b#h1 ( ,ISVOR,RADOMIRSKO4 ,PUT ON TRIAL BY ! FASCI/S1 HE SP5T ONE & A HALF YE>S PRIOR TO ,SEPTEMB] #i?1 #aide 9 ! BLACK LABOR COMPANIES ( FASCI/ ,BULG>IA4 ,HI/ORY REPEATS ITSELF TODAY UND] ! BOL%EVIK REGIME4 ,9 #aide ?IS COMRADE PASS$ NE>LY SIX MON?S 9 0,D\PNITZA0 ,CAMP1 & HE HAS N[ AGA9 BE5 9T]N$1 = ! PA/ N9E MON?S 9 ! CAMP AT ,P]NIK = BE+ A MEMB] ( AN AN>*I/ /UD5TS ORGANIZATION1 & = HAV+ TAK5 P>T1 9 ,M>* #aidg 9 A MOVEM5T ORGANIZ$ BY AN>*I/ /UD5TS AGA9/ A DECREE LEVEL$ AGA9/ ! /UD5TS4 

#b4 ,A,T,A,N,A,S,S ,D,I,M,I,T,R,(,F ,M,E,*,C,>,(,F -- ,AGE #b#h1 ( ,POTRAVO ,SVETI-,VRA*CO4 ,TEA*] & MODE/ AN>*I/ MILITANT4 ,HE HAD ! SYMPA?Y ( HIS PUPILS4 ,JUDG+ HIM TO BE 0DANG]\S10 ! ,BOL%EVIK AU?ORITIES 9T]N$ HIM1 A YE> & A HALF AGO 9 0,BOGDANOVDOL0 CAMP4 

#c4 ,&,O,N ,D,O,M,\,S,*,I,E,F,F -- ,TURN]4 ,9T]N$ A MON? AGO 9 ,CUCIYAN CAMP BECAUSE HE MADE PROPAG&A 9 ,JAMBOL1 HIS NATIVE T[N1 = A FREE UNION ORGANIZATION ( ! WORK]S4 

#d4 ,V,A,S,S,I,L,T,O,D,O,R,(,F ,J,>,D,A,N,(,F -- ,AGE #d#d4 ,PR9T] & AN>*I/ MILITANT4 ,UND]W5T LONG YE>S ( ILLEGALITY & EXILE DUR+ ! FASCI/ REGIME4 ,TWICE ON TRIAL BE=E ! FASCI/S4 ,LEFT PRISON ON ,SEPTEMB] #i?1 #a#i#d#e4 ,HE HAS BE5 9 0,CUCIYAN,P]NIK0 CAMP = LA/ #i MON?S1 = HAV+ ADVOCAT$ AN>*O-SYNDICALISM TO ! WORK]S ( ,S(IA4 

#e4 ,V,5,C,E,S,L,A,V ,I,V,A,N,(,F ,B,R,&,(,F -- ,AGRICULTURAL /UD5T1 AGE #b#e1 ( ,VISOCA,MAGUILA-,D\PNI*CO4 ,9T]N$ = PA/ SEV5 MON?S AT ,CUCIYAN BECAUSE1 ) SOME O!R COMRADES1 HE DI/RIBUT$ TRACTS = ! ANNIV]S>Y ( ! GREAT POET & AN>*I/1 ,CRI/O ,BOTEFF4 

#f4 ,V,A,S,S,I,L,I,A,N,C,(,F ,I,V,A,N,(,F -- ,BAK]1 ORGANIZ] ( ! COOP]ATIVE PRODUC+ ! BREAD = ! T[N ( ,JAMBOL 7#b#f1 9HABITANTS7 AFT] ,SEPTEMB] #i?1 #a#i#d#e4 ,= MANY YE>S A FI<T] = FRE$OM & SOCIAL JU/ICE4 ,DETA9$ MANY TIMES BY ! FASCI/S & ,BOL%EVIKS4 ,9 0,CUCIYAN0 = PA/ MON?1 BECAUSE HE CRITICIZ$ SOME ,BOL%EVIK BAK]S1 & BECAUSE HE IS AN AN>*I/4 

#g4 ,G,U,E,O,R,G,U,I,E ,D,I,M,I,T,R,(,F ,K,U,R,T,(,F 7,K,>,A,M,I,C,A,Y,L,(,F7 -- J\RNALI/1 =M]LY $ITOR ( 0,RABOTNI*ESKA ,MISSAL40 ,MANY YE>S 9 FASCI/ PRISONS4 ,9T]N$ 7= #bND TIME7 9 0,CUCIYAN0 = PA/ SIX MON?S1 = HAV+ WRITT5 >TICLES = ! =EIGN AN>*I/ PRESS4 

#h4 ,D,O,N,*,O ,C,R,I,/,(,F ,K,>,A,I,V,A,N,(,F -- ,AGE #b#f4 ,M$ICAL /UD5T4 ,BRUTALLY TORTUR$ & CONDEMN$ TO DEA? BY FASCI/S4 ,BRAVE FI<T] ( ! LIB]T>IAN Y\?4 ,9 0,CUCIYAN0 & 0,TORDORAVO0 7PROV9CE ( ,SILI/RIE7 = PA/ #i MON?S1 = HAV+ TAK5 P>T 9 /UD5T MOVEM5TS AGA9/ ! HI<] $UCATION DECREE1 :I* IS N[ LAW4 

#i4 ,D,O,N,*,O ,M,&,(,F -- ,AGE #b#f4 ,EXCLUD$ FROM ATT5D+ S*OOL ON MANY OCCASIONS BY ! FASCI/S4 ,9 ,BOL%EVIK CAMPS = #bND TIME4 ,9 ,CUCIYAN = PA/ MON?1 SIMPLY = PROPAGAT+ AN>*I/ IDEAS4 

#a4 ,D,O,L,*,O ,V,A,S,I,L,E,F,F -- ,AGE #d#b1 ( ,HASKOBO4 ,J\RNALI/ & CRITIC4 ,VEGET>IAN = #b YE>S4 ,! FASCI/ KILL$ HIS BRO!R1 & ! ,BOL%EVIKS DECID$ TO KILL HIM4 ,9 0,CUCIYAN0 = PA/ MON? BECAUSE HE SPOKE ON BEHALF ( AN>*ISM AT A PUBLIC MEET+4 

#a#a4 ,G,E,L,L,A,S,K,O ,M,I,L,A,N,(,F ,R,U,S,S,E,F,F -- ,M$ICAL /UD5T4 ,DETA9$ MANY TIMES & TORTUR$ BY ! FASCI/S4 ,9 ! 0DEA? CAMP0 -- 0,CUCIYAN0 = PA/ #i MON?S1 SOLELY = TAK+ P>T 9 A /UD5T MOVEM5T 9 ,M>*1 #a#i#d#g4 

#a#b4 ,I,L,I,A,D,I,M,I,T,R,(,F ,M,E,*,C,>,(,F -- ,AGE #b#a4 ,Y\NG AN>*I/ -- TOOK P>T 9 ! ANTI-FASCI/ /RUGGLE AS A GU]RILLA4 ,LIKE HIS BRO!R1 HE HAS SP5T ! PA/ TWO YE>S 9 ! 0CAMP ( %AD[S0 -- 0,BOGDANOVDOL40 ,WAS ACCUS$ ( HAV+ KILL$ A ,BOL%EVIK4 ,AL?\< ,BOL%EVIK JUDGES ACQUITT$ HIM1 HE HAS BE5 HELD = PA/ TWO YE>S4 

#a#c4 ,C,O,/,A,D,9 ,D,I,M,I,T,R,(,F ,C,O,*,9,(,F -- ,AGE #b#g1 ( ,JAMBOL4 ,>*ITECTURAL 5G9E]+ /UD5T4 ,SP5T TWO & A HALF YE>S 9 FASCI/ PRISONS = TAK+ P>T 9 A MILIT>Y CONSPIRACY AGA9/ FASCISM 9 #a#i#d#b4 ,9 0,CUCIYAN0 = PA/ N9E MON?S = HAV+ D>$ TO PROTE/1 BY TELEGRAPH1 TO MEMB]S ( ! GOV]NM5T1 AT ! TIME ( ! DET5TION ( ! AN>*I/ /UD5TS4 

#a#d4 ,K,O,/,A,A,T,A,N,A,S,(,F -- ,AGE #d#f4 ,TOBACCO WORK] AT ,PHILIPOLI4 ,BECAME TUB]CUL> FOLL[+ P]SECUTION & EXILE UND] FASCI/ REGIME4 ,WON ! SYMPA?Y ( ! TOBACCO MONOPOLY WORK]S = AN>*ISM BY HIS CONDUCT & SPEE*ES4 ,= ?AT HE HAS BE5 9T]N$ #f MON?S 9 0,CUCIYAN40 

#a#e4 ,C,O,/,O,D,9 ,I,L,I,E,F,F ,Z,A,J,>,9,(,F -- ,AGE #b#h1 ( ,PADOMIR4 ,ELECTRICAL 5G9E]+ /UD5T2 OV] A YE> 9 0BLACK0 LABOR DIVISION UND] FASCISM4 ,AGA9 9 CAMPS = PA/ #g MON?S4 ,BOL%EVIKS S5T HIM TO 0,CUCIYAN0 BECAUSE HE DI/RIBUT$ TRACTS = ! ANNIV]S>Y ( ,BOTEFF4 

#a#f4 ,K,O,L,I,O ,/,O,Y,A,N,(,F ,K,>,D,J,A,L,I,Y,S,K,I -- ,AGE #b#e1 ( ! VILLAGE ( ,MILHALTZI,K>LOVSKO1 *EMI/RY /UD5T4 ,ALSO 9T]N$ #g MON?S = TRY+ TO ?R[ PAMPHLETS ON ! TOMB ( HIS TEA*]1 ! AN>*I/ REVOLUTION>Y & POET1 ,CRI/O ,BOTEFF4 

#a#g4 ,M,A,N,O,L,V,A,S,S,E,F,F ,N,I,C,O,L,(,F -- ,AGE #d#i1 ( ,HASKOVO4 ,WORK] 9 ! TOBACCO MONOPOLY4 ,>D5T ORATOR & PROPAG&I/ = AN>*ISM4 ,UND]W5T #bc YE>S ( ILLEGALITY1 *AS$ & JUDG$ BY ! FASCI/S4 ,?IS P]SECUTION ONLY S]V$ TO MAKE HIS FI<T MORE H]OIC1 HIS SPEE*ES MORE >D5T4 ,! FASCI/S HAVE 9T]N$ HIM = ! ?IRD TIME1 A MON? AGO1 9 0,CUCIYAN40 

#a#h4 ,M,I,C,A,I,L,/,O,Y,A,N,(,F ,M,9,D,(,F -- ,AGE #b#i1 ( ,NAVA ,ZAGORA4 ,PR9T+ WORK]4 ,9T]N$ N9E MON?S AGO1 = ! SECOND TIME1 = PUBLI%+ BULLET9S & O!R LEAFLETS ( ! ,AN>*I/ ,COMMUNI/ ,F$]ATION4 

#a#i4 ,N,I,C,O,L,9,A,E,F,T,I,M,O,V,A,G,U,E,I,R,G,U,I,E,V,A- ,AGE #b#c1 ( ,HASKOVO4 ,PR9T+ WORK]4 ,9T]N$ #c MON?S AGO 9 0,NAJ>EVO0-,TUTRACANSKO1 AFT] HAV+ BE5 HORRIBLY TORTUR$ BY ! ,BOL%EVIKS4 ,HIS CRIME WAS ?AT ( HELP+ HIS 9T]N$ COMRADES & WORK+ = AN>*ISM4 

#b4 ,S,L,A,V,E,Y,K,O ,I,V,A,N,(,F ,/,O,Y,A,N,(,F -- ,*EMI/RY /UD5T4 ,GU]RILLA FI<T] PRIOR TO ,SEPTEMB] #i?1 #a#i#d#e4 ,LA/ #i MON?S 9 0,CUCIYAN0 = HAV+ SPOK5 AGA9/ ! HI<] $UCATION DECREE 9 ,M>*1 #a#i#d#g4 

#b#a4 ,/,E,F,A,N ,Z,L,A,T,E,F,F ,K,R,E,/,E,F,F -- ,LIBR>IAN4 ,IMPRISON$ = ELEV5 & A HALF YE>S UND] FASCI/ REGIME1 ?REE YE>S UND] ! DEA? P5ALTY4 ,HEAL? BROK5 ?R\< P]SECUTION4 ,HAS BE5 >RE/$ & 9T]N$ SEV]AL TIMES BY ,BOL%EVIKS4 ,HAS BE5 9 0,CUCIYAN0 = PA/ MON?1 SIMPLY = BE+ AN AN>*I/4 

#b#b4 ,T,A,S,E ,&,O,N,(,F ,D,O,Y,*,9,(,F -- ,M$ICAL /UD5T4 ,BRO!R ( ,Z9OVI1 A COMRADE KILL$ BY ! ,HITL]ITES4 ,9 0,CUCIYAN0 ON =C$ M9+ LABOR = PA/ SEV5 MON?S = HAV+ ?R[N LEAFLETS ON ,BOTEFF'S TOMB4 

#b#c4 ,C,R,I,/,O ,K,O,L,E,F,F ,I,O,R,D,A,N,(,F -- ,AGE #c#g1 ( ,S(IA4 ,TE*NICIAN & TRUE AN>*I/4 ,S5T5C$ BY FASCI/S ?REE TIMES PRIOR TO ,SEPTEMB] #i?1 #a#i#d#e4 ,TWICE 9T]N$ S9CE ,BOL%EVIK SEIZURE ( P[]4 ,N[ 9 0,CUCIYAN40 

#b#d4 ,C,R,I,/,O ,M,9,K,(,F -- ,F>M] ( ,BANI1 ,K>LOVSKO4 ,AN>*I/4 ,9 0,CUCIYAN0 = PA/ MON?4 

#b#e4 ,C,R,I,/,O ,K,O,L,E,F,F -- ,AGE #b#a4 ,Y\NG AN>*I/1 >RE/$ & ILL-TREAT$ BY ,BOL%EVIKS SEV]AL TIMES4 ,9 0,CUCIYAN0 = PA/ MON?4 

#b#f4 ,/,E,F,A,N ,K,O,T,A,C,(,F -- ( ,PLOVDIV4 

#b#g4 ,/,A,N,A,S ,D,I,M,I,T,R,(,F -- ( ,/>A-,ZAGORA4 

#b#h4 ,I,V,A,N ,K,O,L,E,F,F -- ( ,K>LOVSCO4 

#b#i4 ,K,O,E,Z,A,K,>,A,C,O,/,A,F,F -- ( ,NOVA ,ZAGORA4 

#c4 ,T,E,O,D,O,R ,>,N,A,U,D,(,F -- ,S*OOL 9SPECTOR ( ,NEVROCOP4 ,9T]N$ = PA/ TWO YE>4 

#c#a4 ,/,A,N,C,O ,Z,A,S,>,(,F ,F,I,L,C,(,F -- ,TEA*] ( ,RADOMIRSCO4 

#c#b4 ,G,E,O,R,G,U ,S,I,R,A,K,O,V -- ,>RE/$ ,DECEMB] #f?1 #a#i#d#g1 N[ 9 ! CAMP 0,CUCIYAN40 

#c#c4 ,I,V,A,N ,N,$,I,A,L,K,O,V -- ,>RE/$ ,DECEMB] #g?1 #a#i#d#g1 N[ 9 CAMP 0,CUCIYAN40 

,!RE >E 9NUM]ABLE O!R COMRADES 9T]N$ 9 ! CONC5TRATION CAMPS ( ,CUCIYAN 7NE> ,P]NICK71 ,BOGDANOVDOL1 ,NOJ>EVO1 ,TADOROVO1 ,BOSNA1 & O!R CAMPS 9 ! ,DOBR\DJA & O!R P>TS ( ,BULG>IA4 

,BULG>IA1 ,JANU>Y1 #aidh 

,APP5DIX #c3 ,COMMITTEE = ,AID TO ,BULG>IAN ,ANTI-,FASCI/S3 ,REPORT ON ,ACTIVITY 

,:5 ! ,COMMITTEE = ,AID TO ,BULG>IAN ,ANTI-,FASCI/S WAS =M$ 9 ,JANU>Y1 #a#i#d#h1 ! SITUATION ( \R COMRADES ( ! ,BULG>IAN ,AN>*I/-,COMMUNI/ ,F$]ATION HAS BE5 GR[+ /EADILY WORSE = MORE ?AN A YE>4 ,ALL ACTIVITIES HAD BE5 \TLAW$1 & S9CE ,FEBRU>Y1 #a#i#d#g1 ALL COMMUNICATION ) ! \TSIDE WORLD HAD BE5 CUT (F4 ,FROM ! SUMM] ( #aidg ONW>D1 MANY COMRADES BEGAN TO DO :AT !Y C\LD1 AS 9DIVIDUALS1 TO HELP !SE COMRADES FI<T+ TO UPHOLD \R IDEAL & DEF5D+ ! FRE$OM ( A :OLE PEOPLE AGA9/ ! MO/ RU?LESS OPPRESSION EV] KN[N1 ! OPPRESSION ( A TOTALIT>IAN /ATE4 ,9 ,NOVEMB] ! NE$ = HELP BECAME MORE URG5T4 ,COMRADES W]E REPORT+ ?AT !Y HAD REA*$ ,GREECE & W]E BE+ 9T]N$ 9 CONC5TRATION CAMPS !RE4 ,NEWS FROM ,BULG>IA 9DICAT$ ?AT MORE & MORE MILITANTS ( ! ,B4,A4,C4,F4 W]E BE+ S5T TO CONC5TRATION CAMPS1 ) NO HOPE ( EV] GETT+ \T1 CONDEMN$ TO SL[ DEA? BY MALTREATM5T & TORTURE4 ,HELP HAD TO BE ORGANIZ$4 ,! ,I4,W4,A4 7,9T]NATIONAL ,WORK]S ,ASSOCIATION7 HAS ALWAYS CONSID]$ 9T]NATIONAL SOLID>ITY ONE ( ITS PRIM>Y RESPONSIBILITIES1 & IT (F]$ ! SOLID MORAL GU>ANTEE ( ITS PA/ ACCOMPLI%M5TS4 ,TOO1 AS A LABOR ORGANIZATION ) SECTIONS 9 MANY C\NTRIES1 IT WAS 9 A POSITION TO BR+ PRESSURE ON GOV]NM5TS4 ,! ,SUB-,SECRET>IAT ( ! ,I4,W4,A4 9 ,WE/]N ,EUROPE HAD ALREADY ASK$ SOME ( US TO TRY TO OBTA9 VISAS = COMRADES 9T]N$ 9 ! CAMPS4 ,& !N ! ,B4,A4,C4,F4 WROTE FROM ,BULG>IA2 0,SOON MANY COMRADES WILL BE OBLIG$ TO CROSS ! FRONTI]4 ,Y\ MU/ =M A P]MAN5T COMMITTEE TO RECEIVE !M40 ,?OSE ( US :O HAD 9DEP5D5TLY PUT \RSELVES AT ! S]VICE ( ! ,B4,A4,C4,F4 MET TO =M A COMMITTEE1 WORK+ UND] ! 9/RUCTIONS ( ! ,BULG>IAN ,F$]ATION1 ?AT W\LD GIVE ALL POSSIBLE AID TO AN>*I/S )9 ,BULG>IA & TO ?OSE :O HAD TO ESCAPE FROM ! ,/AL9I/ T]ROR4 ,! MEMB]S ( ! COMMITTEE ACT AS 9DIVIDUALS & REPRES5T NO P>TICUL> ORGANIZATIONS4 ,BUT1 AS M5TION$1 ! COMMITTEE >RANGES ITS WORK ACCORD+ TO ! WI%ES ( ! ,B4,A4,C4,F4 & UND] ! DIRECTION ( ! ,I4,W4,A4 

,! NAME ( ! COMMITTEE 9DICATES ITS *>ACT]4 ,HELP IS GIV5 ONLY TO ANTI-FASCI/S1 MO/LY TO AN>*I/S 7S9CE !Y >E MORE NUM]\S71 BUT ALSO TO O!R ANTI-FASCI/S :O W]E ACTIVE OPPON5TS ( ! FASCI/ REGIME DUR+ ! ,G]MAN OCCUPATION AS WELL AS ( ! ,/AL9I/ NEO-FASCISM4 ,S9CE IT MU/ 9T]V5E ) GOV]NM5TS & POLITICIANS TO SECURE ! RELEASE ( PRISON]S1 IT IS TO ! ADVANTAGE ( ! COMMITTEE TO REMA9 UNAFFILIAT$ ) ANY AN>*I/ OR POLITICAL ORGANIZATION & PRES]VE ITS FRE$OM ( ACTION2 ITS ONLY PURPOSE 4 IS TO HELP P]SECUT$ COMRADES4 ,! COMMITTEE1 SET UP 9 ,JANU>Y1 #a#i#d#h1 9CLUDES ,FR5*1 ,SPANI%1 ,RUSSIAN & ,BULG>IAN COMRADES4 ,! WORK IS APPORTION$ ACCORD+ TO :AT EA* IS 9 A POSITION TO DO4 ,IMPORTANT DECISIONS >E MADE 9 COMMITTEE MEET+S4 

,! ACTIVITY ( ! COMMITTEE HAS BE5 ALONG ! FOLL[+ L9ES3 

#a4 ,IT HAS APPEAL$ = 9T]NATIONAL SOLID>ITY ON BEHALF ( ! ,BULG>IAN COMRADES4 ,BECAUSE ( \R COMRADES' SITUATION1 ! COMMITTEE'S PR9CIPAL FUNCTION IS TO TRANSMIT HELP4 ,ITS APPEALS TO RESPONSIBLE ORGANIZATIONS &1 ?R\< ! PRESS1 HAS RECEIV$ A W>M RECEPTION2 ! ,SPANI%1 ,SW$I%1 ,>G5T9E & ,ITALIAN MOVEM5TS1 ! ,S4,I4,A4 7,9T]NATIONAL ,ANTI-,FASCI/ ,SOLID>ITY71 & SEV]AL ANTI-FASCI/ RELIEF COMMITTEES 7NOTABLY 9 ,AM]ICA7 HAVE RESPOND$ G5]\SLY4 ,HELP IS S5T 9 A NUMB] ( WAYS3 MONEY 7! MO/ PRACTICAL & MO/ RELIABLE71 CLO?+1 M$IC9E1 FOOD4 ,?IS HELP IS S5T 9TO ,BULG>IA = CONC5TRATION CAMP PRISON]S & !IR FAMILIES1 & TO PRISON]S 9 CONC5TRATION CAMPS ( NEI<BOR+ C\NTRIES4 ,COMRADES 9T]N$ = MANY MON?S >E SUFF]+ FROM UND]-N\RI%M5T & UNHEAL?Y CONDITIONS1 & >E 9 DANG] ( TUB]CULOSIS -- ESPECIALLY ?OSE DEPORT$ TO ! 0DISCIPL9>Y CAMPS0 ON ! ,GREEK ISL&S4 ,! NE$ IS 5ORM\S -- NOT ONLY = FOOD1 BUT = TRANSPORTATION TO ,WE/]N ,EUROPEAN C\NTRIES4 ,L>GE SUMS >E REQUIR$4 

#b4 ,! COMMITTEE HAS MADE REPRES5TATIONS TO GOV]NM5T AU?ORITIES1 & HAS TRI$ TO F9D LODG+ & JOBS = NEW >RIVALS4 

#c4 ,! COMMITTEE HAS GIV5 ALL POSSIBLE PUBLICITY TO NEWS RECEIV$ FROM ,BULG>IA4 ,TO ACQUA9T ! PUBLIC ) ! MEAN+ ( \R COMRADES' /RUGGLE1 IT HAS PUBLI%$ A ,FR5* PAMPHLET1 ,LA ,BULG>IE1 N\VELLE ,ESPAGNA1 ALL PROCE$S FROM :I* GO TO ! AID FUNDS4 

,?IS IS NO MORE ?AN A B>E \TL9E ( \R WORK4 

,F9ALLY1 WE MU/ M5TION ! =MATION ( SIMIL> COMMITTEES 9 O!R C\NTRIES 9 ,SW$5 7,COMMITTEE = ,PROPAG&A ,AGA9/ ! ,T]RORI/ ,GOV]NM5TS 9 ! ,TOTALIT>IAN ,/ATES ( ! ,EA/71 9 ,ITALY1 & 9 ,>G5T9A 7,9T]NATIONAL ,AN>*I/ ,SOLID>ITY74 ,WE >E 9 CONTACT ) !SE COMMITTEES 9 ORD] TO CO-ORD9ATE \R EF=TS4 

,\RS IS A WORK ( REVOLUTION>Y SOLID>ITY -- ALL ! MORE IMPORTANT BECAUSE IT IS UND]TAK5 ON BEHALF ( ?OSE :O >E /RUGGL+ AGA9/ ! MO/ P[]FUL TYRANNY 9 ! WORLD TODAY1 :O HAVE SUCCE$$ DESPITE ALL 9 KEEP+ !IR ORGANIZATION ALIVE1 & :O BY !IR C\RAGE & !IR FAI? 9 \R IDEAL ( JU/ICE & LIB]TY >E N[ ! SOLE HOPE ( AN OPPRESS$ PEOPLE4 

,APP5DIX #d3 ,TO ,AN>*I/S ( ,ALL ,C\NTRIES3 ,EXC]PTS ,FROM ,! ,APPEAL ( ! ,B4,A4,C4,F4 

,DE> ,COMRADES3 ,AFT] FIVE C5TURIES ( SLAV]Y UND] ,TURKI% RULE1 ! FRE$OM-LOV+ PEOPLE LIB]AT$ !MSELVES SEV5TY YE>S AGO4 ,& = SOME SIXTY YE>S S9CE ! F\ND+ ( \R MOVEM5T1 ! ,BULG>IAN AN>*I/S HAVE KN[N NO?+ BUT P]SECUTION1 PRISONS1 CONC5TRATION CAMPS & EXECUTIONS4 ,TODAY !Y >E LIV+ ! MO/ T]RIBLE TRAG$Y 9 !IR HI/ORY4 ,! ,RUSSIANS1 ONCE AGA9 \R 0LIB]ATORS01 HAVE 9SUR$ ! CONQUE/ ( ! R$ DICTATOR%IP & ! T]RIBLE 5SLAVEM5T ( ! PEASANTS & WORK]S ( ,BULG>IA4 ,?\< !Y HAVE )DRAWN !IR TROOPS TO ! O!R BANK ( ! ,DANUBE AS ! PEACE TREATY PROVIDES1 ! ,RUSSIANS >E /ILL NE> AT H& & COMPRISE ! SOLID MA9/AY & RE>GU>D ( ,DIMITR(F'S FIF? COLUMN4 ,SURR\ND$ TO ! NOR? & WE/ BY ,ROMANIAN & ,YUGOSLAV FIF? COLUMNS1 ! ,BULG>IAN PEOPLE REALIZE !Y >E NOT /RONG 5\< TO OV]?R[ !IR OPPRESSORS4 ,DI%E>T5$ !Y HAVE )DRAWN 9TO !IR TRADITIONAL PASSIVE RESI/ANCE4 ,FEW PEOPLES >E !IR EQUAL 9 CLE> UND]/&+ ( ! WORLD POLITICAL SITUATION1 & 7ESPECIALLY S9CE ,TITO'S OP5+ ( ! 0IRON CURTA907 !Y >E WAIT+ PATI5TLY TO SEE :AT ! FUTURE WILL BR+4 ,\R PEOPLE KN[ ?AT 9 !IR /RUGGLE = FRE$OM !Y >E FAC$ ) NOT ONLY ! ,BULG>IAN ,COMMUNI/S 7( :OM !Y >E NOT AFRAID7 >M$ TO ! TEE? BY ,RUSSIA1 BUT ALSO ) ! :OLE ,RUSSIAN EMPIRE4 ,BE+ REALI/S1 !Y >E P]FECTLY AW>E ?AT !IR /R5G? IS UNEQUAL & ?AT ! TIME = DECISIVE ACTION HAS NOT YET COME4 ,?IS IS ! LOGIC BEH9D !IR TACTIC ( WAIT+ & READ9ESS4 ,P]SECUTIONS >E GR[+ /EADILY1 &1 9 TRU?1 IT REQUIRES A GREAT DEAL ( C\RAGE = ! MASSES TO EXPRESS !IR OPPOSITION & RESI/ANCE OP5LY4 ,NOT ONLY >E ELEM5T>Y LIB]TIES NON-EXI/5T BUT 7:AT IS MU* MORE S]I\S7 ! POSSIBILITY ( SURVIVAL IS ?REAT5$4 ,! FIR/ MORTAL BL[ FELL ON ! ,>G5TIAN ,UNION4 ,!Y & ! ,SOCIALI/S >E T>GETS ( P]SECUTION4 ,AGA9/ US1 ! AN>*I/S1 P]SECUTION HAS NEV] REL5T$1 & WE >E N[ ! WOR/ (F4 ,!Y >E LETT+ US DIE ( HUNG]1 SL[LY BUT SURELY4 ,COMRADES NOT YET 9 CONC5TRATION CAMPS F9D !MSELVES \T ( A JOB & UNABLE TO GET WORK ANY:]E4 ,9DEP5D5T SMALL TRAD+1 ! CRAFTS & AGRICULTURE ?AT /ILL MAKE SURVIVAL POSSIBLE1 >E BE+ LIQUIDAT$ & WILL DISAPPE> COMPLETELY2 SOON IT WILL BE IMPOSSIBLE TO EAT4 ,ONLY ONE POSSIBILITY REMA9S3 TO B[ ONE'S HEAD & HOLD \T ONE'S H& TO ! ,/AL9I/ /ATE & ITS BUS9ESSES & JOBS4 ,BUT ! /ATE GIVES WORK ONLY TO ITS LACKEYS1 TO ?OSE :O CAN SELL !MSELVES4 ,9 SPITE ( \R RE/RA9T1 EXPRESS$ EV5 9 \R ILLEGAL PRESS1 ! ,BOL%EVIK'S HATR$ & JEAL\SY HAS NO LIMITS4 ,!Y SEE ?AT TO US1 FIRM & UNYIELD+1 ! EYES ( DESP]ATE M5 & WOM5 >E TURN$ :ILE ALL !IR MILIT>I/ & FASCI/ OPPON5TS HAVE GIV5 9 & JO9$ !M4 ,& !Y KN[ ?AT AT ! CRITICAL MOM5T 9 !IR RULE ALL BRAVE & VALIANT M51 REG>DLESS ( POLITICAL IDEAS1 WILL COME ) US4 ,! TRU? IS1 ! AN>*I/S >E ! ONLY GR\P 9 ,BULG>IA :O HAVE NOT B[$ D[N4 ,9 ! CONC5TRATION CAMPS !Y ALONE HAVE REFUS$ /EADFA/LY TO SIGN ! OA? ( LOYALTY TO ! ,FA!RL& ,FRONT4 ,AMONG ! BLACKLI/$ WORK]S & ! MANY EXPELL$ UNIV]SITY /UD5TS1 ! AN>*I/S >E ! ONLY ONES :O DO NOT BEG = M]CY4 ,( ALL ! OPPOSITION GR\PS1 ! AN>*I/S ALONE /ILL REFUSE TO JO9 ! GOV]NM5T'S S+LE P>TY4 ,!IR BRAVE CLE>-CUT /& GIVES ! PEOPLE C\RAGE & COMPELS RESPECT EV5 FROM OPPON5TS4 

,! AN>*I/S >E A C5T] ( ATT5TION EV]Y:]E4 ,! MASSES BELIEVE SOLELY1 UNHESITAT+LY1 9 !M2 SOMETIMES EV5 UNWILL+LY1 !Y EXPRESS ADMIRATION = ! AN>*I/S' H]OIC /&4 ,9 ?IS TRAGIC MOM5T ?IS IS ! ONLY /R5G?1 ! ONLY RES\RCE1 ( ! ,BULG>IAN AN>*I/S4 ,:AT DOES ! FUTURE HOLD = US8 ,IT IS DIFFICULT TO JUDGE4 ,:ILE FOOLS PUT HOPE = SALVATION 9 A W>1 & WAIT IMPATI5TLY & EAG]LY = IT1 WE HAVE NOT ALL[$ \RSELVES TO LOSE \R IDEOLOGICAL EQUILIBRIUM OR \R CLE> P]SPECTIVE ?AT W> WILL BE AVOID$4 ,AT ! CRUCIAL MOM5T 9 ! CONFLICT BETWE5 ! ,ANGLO-,AM]ICAN BLOC & ,RUSSIA1 ! LATT] WILL BACK D[N4 & ITS POLITICAL SURR5D]S WILL CAUSE ! D[NFALL ( ,/AL9ISM 9 ,RUSSIA & 9 \R [N C\NTRY4 ,WE >E MORE CONV9C$ ( ?IS ?AN MANY ,WE/]N ,EUROPEAN & ,AM]ICAN COMRADES BECAUSE WE SEE AT FIR/ H& ! 9COMP>ABLE WEAKNESS ( ,RUSSIA AGA9/ ! MON/R\S MAT]IAL P[]1 & EV5 MORAL ADVANTAGES1 ( ,ANGLO-,YANKEE IMP]IALISM4 ,IT NOT1 !N DEA?4 ,& IF W> IS ! \TCOME1 WORLD DISA/]4 ,:ATEV] COMES1 ! COMRADES ( O!R C\NTRIES :O >E EXT5D+ A FRAT]NAL H& TO US CAN BE SURE ?AT ,BULG>IAN AN>*I/S KN[ H[ TO DIE = !IR IDEAL & = ! FRE$OM ( ! PEOPLE -- ) PRIDE & DIGNITY1 ) !IR EYES FIX$ ON A MORE JU/ FUTURE = HUMANITY -- ?AT !Y WILL NOT DISGRACE !IR NAME1 ! NAME & PRIDE ( !IR PEOPLE1 ! NAME & ASPIRATIONS ( WORLD AN>*ISM4 

,= ! ,B4,A4,C4,F4 

,APP5DIX #e3 ,PLAT=M ( ! ,F$]ATION ( ,AN>*I/ ,COMMUNI/S ( ,BULG>IA1 #aide 

,F$]ATSIA ,NA ,AN>KHO ,KOMUNI/ITE ,OT ,BALG>IA - ,F ,FAKB 

,BASIC ,POSITIONS 

,WE REJECT ! PRES5T SOCIAL SY/EM ( ,/ATE & CAPITALI/ C5TRALIZATION1 AS IT IS F\ND$ ON ! PR9CIPLE ( ! ,/ATE :I* IS CONTR>Y TO ! 9ITIATIVE & FRE$OM ( ! PEOPLE4 ,EV]Y =M ( P[] 9VOLVES ECONOMIC1 POLITICAL OR SPIRITUAL PRIVILEGE4 ,ITS APPLICATION ON AN ECONOMIC LEVEL IS REPRES5T$ BY PRIVATE PROP]TY1 ON A POLITICAL LEVEL BY ! ,/ATE & ON A SPIRITUAL LEVEL BY RELIGION4 ,!SE ?REE =MS ( P[] >E L9K$4 ,IF Y\ T\* ONE1 ! O!RS >E *ANG$ &1 9V]SELY1 IF Y\ KEEP ONE =M ( P[]1 IT WILL 9EVITABLY LEAD TO ! REE/ABLI%M5T ( ! O!R TWO4 ,?IS IS :Y WE REPUDIATE ! V]Y PR9CIPLE ( P[]4 ,WE >E SUPPORT]S ( ! ABOLITION ( PRIVATE PROP]TY1 ( ! ,/ATE & ( RELIGION1 & ( ! TOTAL SUPPRESSION ( EV]Y =M & 9/ITUTION ( CON/RA9T & VIOL5CE4 ,WE REJECT EV]Y TEA*+ & EV]Y SOCIAL1 POLITICAL & ECONOMIC-POLITICAL MOVEM5T AIM$ AT MA9TA9+ ! ,/ATE1 PRIVATE PROP]TY1 ! *UR*1 & CON/RA9T & VIOL5CE 9 SOCIAL RELATIONS4 ,WE REPUDIATE FASCISM1 :I* IS A HI/ORIC ATTEMPT TO RE/ORE ABSOLUTISM1 AUTOCRACY & ! /R5G? ( ! POLITICAL =M ( P[] ) ! AIM ( DEF5D+ ! ECONOMIC & SPIRITUAL DOM9ANCE ( ! PRIVILEG$ CLASSES4 ,WE REJECT POLITICAL DEMOCRACY1 AS IT DOES NOT =ESEE ! DISAPPE>ANCE ( ! PR9CIPLE ( P[]1 & DRIVES ! MASSES TO BEWILD]M5T BY LEAD+ !M1 ?R\< LIES & ILLUSIONS1 9TO FI<TS :I* >E AGA9/ !IR 9T]E/S1 & CORRUPTS !M ?R\< ! EX]CISE ( P[] & ! MA9TA9+ ( ! APPETITE = DOM9ATION4 

,POLITICAL DEMOCRACY1 FUR!RMORE1 %[S ?AT IT IS TOTALLY 9CAPABLE ( SOLV+ ! GREAT SOCIAL PROBLEMS & ?AT IT FO/]S *AOS1 CONTRADICTIONS & CRIME AS A RESULT ( ITS SOCIAL F\NDATIONS BAS$ ON ! C5TRALIZ$ ,/ATE & CAPITALISM4 ,WE REPUDIATE ,/ATE SOCIALISM AS IT LEADS TO ,/ATE CAPITALISM -- ! MO/ MON/R\S =M ( ECONOMIC EXPLOITATION & OPPRESSION1 & ( TOTAL DOM9ATION ( SOCIAL & 9DIVIDUAL FRE$OM4 ,WE >E = AN>*I/ COMMUNISM OR FREE COMMUNISM1 :I* WILL REPLACE PRIVATE PROP]TY ) ! COMPLETE SOCIALIZATION ( L&S1 FACTORIES & M9ES1 & ( ALL GOODS & 9/RUM5TS ( PRODUCTION4 ,! ,/ATE WILL BE REPLAC$ BY A F$]ATION ( FREE COMMUNES REGIONALLY1 PROV9CIALLY1 NATIONALLY & 9T]NATIONALLY UNIT$4 ,! *UR* & RELIGION WILL BE REPLAC$ BY A FREE 9DIVIDUAL MORAL & A SCI5TIFIC VISION4 ,UNLIKE ALL O!R SOCIO-ECONOMIC & POLITICAL CONCEPTS & ORGANIZATIONS1 ,AN>*I/ ,COMMUNISM IS F$]ALI/4 ,! NEW SOCIAL ORGANIZATION ?AT WILL REPLACE ! ,/ATE WILL BE BUILT & RUN FROM ! BOTTOM UPW>DS4 ,ALL ! 9HABITANTS ( ANY GIV5 VILLAGE WILL =M ! LOCAL FREE COMMUNE1 & ALL ! LOCAL FREE COMMUNES WILL UNITE REGIONALLY1 PROV9CIALLY1 NATIONALLY & 9T]NATIONALLY 9 UNIONS & F$]ATIONS & 9 A UNIV]SAL G5]AL SOCIAL CONF$]ATION4 ,! NEW ORGANIZATION ( SOCIETY'S PRODUCTION WILL BE =M$ BY A TI<T NETWORK ( C\NTLESS LOCAL AGRICULTURAL 5T]PRISES1 >TISANS1 M9ES1 9DU/RY1 TRANSPORT1 ETC41 UNIT$ ON A REGIONAL1 PROV9CIAL1 NATIONAL & 9T]NATIONAL LEVEL 9 PRODUCTION UNIONS & F$]ATIONS AS P>T ( A G5]AL CONF$]ATION ( PRODUCTION4 ,SOCIETY'S NEW ORGANIZATION ( EX*ANGE1 CONSUMPTION & SUPPLY WILL LIKEWISE BE REPRES5T$ BY A D5SE & COMPLEX NETWORK ( REGIONAL1 PROV9CIAL & NATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS1 UNIONS & F$]ATIONS1 GR\P$ 9 A G5]AL CONF$]ATION ( EX*ANGE & CONSUMPTION = SATISFY+ ! NE$S ( ALL 9HABITANTS4 ,ALL HUMAN SOCIAL ACTIVITY & ALL TRANSPORT1 COMMUNICATIONS1 $UCATION1 HEAL?C>E1 & SO ON1 WILL BE ORGANIZ$ 9 A SIMIL> FA%ION4 ,) ?IS ORGANIZATIONAL SY/EM ( ALL ! FUNCTIONS ( ! V>I\S ASPECTS ( SOCIAL LIFE1 !RE WILL BE NO PLACE 9 SOCIETY = ! P[] ( ONE 9DIVIDUAL OV] ANO!R OR = ! EXPLOITATION ( ONE BY ANO!R4 ,! BASIC PR9CIPLE ( PRODUCTION & DI/RIBUTION = ! BUILD+ ( ! NEW SOCIAL SY/EM WILL BE3 EV]YONE WILL PRODUCE ACCORD+ TO !IR POSSIBILITIES & EV]YONE WILL RECEIVE ACCORD+ TO !IR NE$S4 

,TACTICS 

,! REALIZATION ( ?IS SOCIAL IDEAL ( EQUALITY1 SOLID>ITY & FRE$OM CAN ONLY BE BR\<T AB\T BY ! UNIT$ WORK]S & PEASANT MASSES1 9SPIR$ BY AN>*I/ COMMUNISM & ORGANIZ$ 9TO IDEOLOGICAL1 PR(ESSIONAL1 EX*ANGE & CONSUMPTION1 CULTURAL & $UCATIONAL GR\PS4 ,AN>*I/ COMMUNISM1 :ILE REPUDIAT+ ! ,/ATE1 REJECTS ! 9VOLVEM5T ( ! WORK]S 9 ! ADM9I/RATION BODIES & 9/ITUTIONS ( ! ,/ATE1 9 ! P>LIAM5T & 9 ANY VOTE = ! (FICIAL MANAGEM5T ( ! ,/ATE4 ,AS ! SOLE MEANS ( EFFICI5T /RUGGLE1 AS A DEF5SE ( ! IMM$IATE 9T]E/S ( ! WORK+ MASSES1 & = ! REALIZATION ( ! FULL IDEAL ( HUMANITY'S FRE$OM1 AN>*ISM RECOGNIZES ONLY ! DIRECT ACTION ( ! WORK]S !MSELVES1 9ITIAT$ BY !IR ECONOMIC ORGANIZATIONS & EXPRESS$ ?R\< /RIKES1 SABOTAGE1 BOYCOTTS1 G5]AL /RIKES1 9SURRECTIONS & ! SOCIAL REVOLUTION4 ,9 CONSEQU5CE1 AN>*ISM REJECTS ALL =MS ( ORGANIZATION & /RUGGLE BY POLITICAL P>TIES1 CONSID]+ !M /]ILE & 9EFFECTIVE1 UNABLE TO RESPOND TO ! GOALS & ! IMM$IATE TASKS & TO ! 9T]E/S ( ! WORK]S 9 ! T[NS & VILLAGES4 ,! TRUE /R5G? ( ! WORK]S IS 9 ! ECONOMY & !IR ECONOMIC ORGANIZATIONS4 ,ONLY !RE LIES ! T]RA9 :]E CAPITALISM CAN BE UND]M9$4 ,ONLY !RE LIES ! TRUE CLASS /RUGGLE4 

,ORGANIZATION 

,! RADICAL SOCIAL RE-ORGANIZATION DEM&$ BY AN>*I/ COMMUNISM REQUIRES ! ORGANIZATIONAL ACTION ( ALL ! =CES ON :OM ?IS HI/ORICAL TASK IS 9CUMB5T4 ,IT IS ABOVE ALL NECESS>Y = ! P>TISANS ( AN>*I/ COMMUNISM TO BE ORGANIZ$ 9 AN AN>*I/ COMMUNI/ IDEOLOGICAL ORGANIZATION4 

,! TASKS ( !SE ORGANIZATIONS >E3 

TO DEVELOP1 REALIZE & SPREAD AN>*I/ COMMUNI/ IDEAS2 

TO /UDY ALL ! VITAL PRES5T-DAY QUE/IONS AFFECT+ ! DAILY LIVES ( ! WORK+ MASSES & ! PROBLEMS ( ! SOCIAL RECON/RUCTION2 

! MULTI-FACET$ /RUGGLE = ! DEF5SE ( \R SOCIAL IDEAL & ! CAUSE ( WORK+ PEOPLE2 

TO P>TICIPATE 9 ! CREATION ( GR\PS ( WORK]S ON ! LEVEL ( PRODUCTION1 PR(ESSION1 EX*ANGE & CONSUMPTION1 CULTURE & $UCATION1 & ALL O!R ORGANIZATIONS ?AT CAN BE USEFUL 9 ! PREP>ATION = ! SOCIAL RECON/RUCTION2 

>M$ P>TICIPATION 9 EV]Y REVOLUTION>Y 9SURRECTION2 

! PREP>ATION = & ORGANIZATION ( !SE EV5TS2 ,M ! USE ( EV]Y MEANS :I* CAN BR+ ON ! SOCIAL REVOLUTION4 

,AN>*I/ COMMUNI/ IDEOLOGICAL ORGANIZATIONS >E ABSOLUTELY 9DISP5SABLE 9 ! FULL REALIZATION ( AN>*I/ COMMUNISM BO? BE=E ! REVOLUTION & AFT]4 ,!SE ORGANIZATIONS >E =M$ ON A LOCAL LEVEL4 ,EV]Y LOCAL ORGANIZATION *OOSES A SECRET>Y1 :OSE TASK IS TO KEEP 9 CONTACT ) O!R SIMIL> ORGANIZATIONS4 ,! SECRET>IES ( ALL ! ORGANIZATIONS ( ONE LOCALITY ) A C]TA9 NUMB] ( 9HABITANTS CON/ITUTE ! G5]AL ORGANIZATION ( ! LOCALITY4 ,ALL ! LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS UNITE1 BY REGION & PROV9CE1 9 REGIONAL & PROV9CIAL UNIONS4 ,CONTACT BETWE5 ! UNIONS IS ASSUR$ BY ! RESPECTIVE SECRET>IES4 ,ALL ! PROV9CIAL UNIONS ( ! C\NTRY >E UNIT$ 9 ! ,F$]ATION ( ,AN>*I/ ,COMMUNI/S ( ,BULG>IA4 ,ACTIVITIES >E CO-ORD9AT$ BY ! F$]AL SECRET>IAT4 ,! MEMB]S ( EA* SECRET>IAT =M P>T ( ! LOCAL ORGANIZATION 9 !IR >EA ( RESID5CE1 & IT IS OBLIGATORY = EV]Y 9ITIATIVE ( !IRS TO PASS ?R\< ! LOCAL ORGANIZATION1 & !RE=E BE CONSID]$ AN 9ITIATIVE ( ! LATT]4 ,! SECRET>IATS >E M]ELY LIAISON & EXECUTIVE BODIES ) NO P[]4 ,ONLY AN>*I/ COMMUNI/S CAN BE MEMB]S ( ! AN>*I/ COMMUNI/ IDEOLOGICAL ORGANIZATIONS4 ,A SECOND TYPE ( ORGANIZATION IS ! WORK]S' SYNDICATE1 ALSO BAS$ ON ! F$]ATIVE PR9CIPLE1 ORGANIZ$ BY WORKPLACE OR BY TRADE1 & UNIT$ 9TO PRODUCTION OR TRADE UNIONS 9 A G5]AL F$]ATION ( WORK]S' SYNDICATES4 ,!SE ORGANIZATIONS1 CREAT$ ) ! P>TICIPATION ( AN>*I/ COMMUNI/S1 ADOPT ! TACTIC ( DIRECT ACTION & REJECT ! /RUGGLES ( POLITICAL P>TIES & ALL 9T]F]5CE BY POLITICAL P>TIES 9 ! WORK]S' ORGANIZATIONS4 

,!IR TASKS >E3 

! DEF5SE ( ! IMM$IATE 9T]E/S ( ! WORK+ CLASS2 

! /RUGGLE TO IMPROVE ! WORK CONDITIONS ( ! WORK]S2 

! /UDY ( ! PROBLEMS ( PRODUCTION2 

! CONTROL ( PRODUCTION1 & ! IDEOLOGICAL1 TE*NICAL & ORGANIZATIONAL PREP>ATION ( A RADICAL SOCIAL RECON/RUCTION 9 :I* !Y WILL HAVE TO 5SURE ! CONT9UATION ( 9DU/RIAL \TPUT4 

,ALL WORK]S :O ACCEPT !IR /RUCTURE1 TACTICS & TASKS MAY BE MEMB]S ( !SE ORGANIZATIONS4 ,:5 CONDITIONS DO NOT P]MIT ! EXI/5CE ( SU* ORGANIZATIONS1 AN>*I/ COMMUNI/ WORK]S JO9 O!R 9DEP5D5T SYNDICALI/ WORK]S' ORGANIZATIONS1 :ILE DEF5D+ !IR CONCEPT ( DIRECT ACTION & !IR ANTI-P>TY POSITION4 ,! ,O,R,P,S #a W\LD APPE> TO BE SU* AN ORGANIZATION TODAY4 ,A ?IRD TYPE ( ORGANIZATION MU/ GR\P ! PEASANTRY4 ,?IS IS ! LOCALLY-CREAT$ AGRICULTURAL LABOR ORGANIZATION1 UNIT$ ON A REGIONAL1 PROV9CIAL & NATIONAL LEVEL 9 A G5]AL F$]ATION :I*1 TOGE!R ) ! F$]ATION ( WORK]S' SYNDICATES1 MAKE UP ! NATIONAL CONF$]ATION ( LABOR4 

,! TASKS ( !SE AGRICULTURAL LABOR ORGANIZATIONS >E3 

TO DEF5D ! 9T]E/S ( ! L&LESS PEASANTS1 ?OSE ) LITTLE L& & ?OSE ) SMALL P>CELS ( L&2 

TO ORGANIZE AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION GR\PS1 TO /UDY ! PROBLEMS ( AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION2 

TO PREP>E = ! FUTURE SOCIAL RECON/RUCTION1 9 :I* !Y WILL BE ! PIONE]S ( ! RE-ORGANIZATION & ! AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION1 ) ! AIM ( 5SUR+ ! SUBSI/5CE ( ! 5TIRE POPULATION4 

,! AGRICULTURAL LABOR ORGANIZATIONS >E BUILT ON ! BASIS ( SECTOR & REJECT ALL /RUGGLES BY POLITICAL P>TIES & !IR 9T]F]5CE 9 ! ORGANIZATIONS4 ,!Y APPLY ! TACTIC ( DIRECT ACTION1 :5EV] POSSIBLE1 9 !IR SPECIFIC CONDITIONS1 9CLUD+ REFUS+ TO PAY TAXES1 BOYCOTT+ ! ,/ATE1 PRODUCTION /RIKES1 ETC4 ,! MEMB]S ( !SE ORGANIZATIONS CAN BE L&LESS PEASANTS1 ?OSE ) LITTLE L& & ?OSE ) SMALL P>CELS ( L&1 :O WORK ! L& !MSELVES )\T ! USE ( WAGE LABOR4 ,:5 ! CONDITIONS TO CREATE SU* ORGANIZATIONS DO NOT EXI/1 AN>*I/ COMMUNI/ PEASANTS JO9 O!R SIMIL> LABOR ORGANIZATIONS1 ) ! AIM ( PROMOT+ )9 !M !IR VISION ( DIRECT ACTION & /RUGGLE AGA9/ POLITICAL P>TIES & ! TACTIC ( PEASANT DIRECT ACTION4 ,! ,O,Z,P,S #b C\LD BE CONSID]$ SU* AN ORGANIZATION4 ,A F\R? TYPE ( ORGANIZATION IS ! COOP]ATIVE4 ,AN>*I/ COMMUNI/S P>TICIPATE 9 ALL TYPES ( CO-OP]ATIVES1 BR++ TO !M ! SPIRIT ( SOLID>ITY & ( MUTUAL AID AGA9/ ! SPIRIT ( ! P>TY & BUREAUCRACY4 ,AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION CO-OP]ATIVES TODAY M]IT SPECIAL ATT5TION1 AS !Y WILL BECOME MORE IMPORTANT & WILL PLAY A DECISIVE $UCATIONAL ROLE 9 ! FUTURE CON/RUCTION ( AN AN>*I/ COMMUNI/ SOCIAL SY/EM4 ,ANO!R TYPE ( ORGANIZATION >E ?OSE ( Y\NG PEOPLE1 WOM51 TEMP]ANCE GR\PS1 ,ESP]ANTI/S & O!R CULTURAL ORGANIZATIONS :OSE MEMB]S SUPPORT ! IDEAS & ! /RUGGLES ( ! AN>*I/ COMMUNI/ IDEOLOGICAL & ECONOMIC ORGANIZATIONS ( ! WORK+ PEOPLE4 ,RELATIONS BETWE5 ! A=EM5TION$ ORGANIZATIONS >E ON A FUNCTIONAL BASIS1 ?AT RECOGNIZES ! FULL FRE$OM & 9DEP5D5CE ( ! MEMB]S & ! ORGANIZATIONS1 & EXCLUDES ALL EXT]NAL 9T]F]5CE & ALL SUBORD9ATION ( ONE ORGANIZATION TO ANO!R4 ,! RECIPROCAL DEP5D5CE BETWE5 ! V>I\S TYPES ( ORGANIZATION CAN ONLY BE BAS$ ON !IR IDEOLOGICAL COMMONALITY & UNITY1 ! COMMON GOAL TO :I* !Y ALL ASPIRE4 ,ORGANIZATIONAL DECISIONS )9 AN>*I/ COMMUNI/S ORGANIZATIONS >E MADE UNANIM\SLY1 & NOT BY MAJORITY4 ,! DECISION ( ! MAJORITY IS NOT B9D+ ON ! M9ORITY2 P]SUASION %\LD ALWAYS BE S\<T4 ,9 PRACTICE1 ! M9ORITY G5]ALLY RALLIES TO ! DECISION ( ! MAJORITY1 :I* RES]VES ! RI<T TO EXPRESS ! CORRECTNESS ( ITS POSITION1 ONCE IT HAS BE5 DEMON/RAT$ 9 FACT4 ,?ANKS TO ?IS PR9CIPLE1 :I* IS WIDELY APPLI$ )9 ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T1 SPLITS1 5MITIES & >GUM5TS >E R>E4 ,H[EV]1 )9 ! MASS ECONOMIC ORGANIZATIONS & ! O!R ORGANIZATIONS1 DECISION >E TAK5 BY MAJORITY VOTE & >E B9D+1 AS ONLY 9 ?IS WAY CAN UNITY BE A*IEV$1 UNITY ?AT IS ABSOLUTELY 9DISP5SABLE 9 MASS ORGANIZATIONS4 ,BUT 9 C]TA9 CASES :]E !RE IS PR(\ND DISAGREEM5T1 ! M9ORITY MAY BE FRE$ FROM ! OBLIGATION TO APPLY A G5]AL DECISION1 ON CONDITION ?AT IT DOES NOT PREV5T ! EXECUTION ( SU* A DECISION4 ,ALL ! A=EM5TION$ ORGANIZATIONS %>E ! COMMON TASK ( PREP>+ ! RADICAL SOCIAL RECON/RUCTION ?R\<\T ! C\NTRY4 ,DUR+ ! SOCIAL REVOLUTION1 !Y WILL EA* C>RY \T 7)9 !IR [N DOMA97 ! EXPROPRIATION & SOCIALIZATION ( ! MEANS ( PRODUCTION & ( ALL GOODS4 

,IMM$IATE ,TASKS 

,AT PRES5T1 ! ,F$]ATION ( ,AN>*I/ ,COMMUNI/S ( ,BULG>IA HAS ADOPT$ ! FOLL[+ SLOGANS3 

,! CREATION ( FREE WORK] & PEASANT LOCAL C\NCILS & COMMITTEES ELECT$ DIRECTLY & NOT AS REPRES5TATIVE ( POLITICAL P>TIES1 ORGANIZ$ & CONTROLL$ BY ! PEOPLE4 ,!SE C\NCILS & COMMITTEES MU/ TAKE COMPLETELY 9 H&1 OR CONTROL1 ! POLITICAL DIRECTION ( ! C\NTRY4 

,! ROLE ( !SE C\NCILS & COMMITTEES IS TO EXPRESS ! WI%ES ( ! WORK+ MASSES & ( CO-ORD9AT+ ! EF=TS ( ALL 9 ORD] TO CON/RUCT A COMPLETE SOCIAL SY/EM & 5SURE ITS FUNCTION+4 ,!Y >E UNIT$ ON LOCAL1 REGIONAL & NATIONAL LEVELS & REPRES5T ! :OLE PEOPLE'S POLITICAL =CE1 ?\<T & WILL4 

,! ADOPTION BY ,BULG>IAN WORK]S & PEASANTS ( ! ,9T]NATIONAL ,WORK]S' ,ASSOCIATION1 TO DEF5D ! WORLDWIDE 9T]E/S ( ALL WORK+ PEOPLE & IMP$E ANY =?COM+ W>4 

,! CLE> & CATEGORICAL REJECTION ( ALL =MS ( CLASS COLLABORATION4 

,RECOGNITION ( ! RI<T ( WORK]S TO /RUGGLE FREELY TO DEF5D !IR MAT]IAL 9T]E/S1 TO IMPROVE !IR CONDITIONS & TO /RIKE4 

,WORK]S' CONTROL ( PRODUCTION & A %>E ( ! B5EFITS4 

,! R$UCTION ( WAGE DIFF]5CES BETWE5 ! V>I\S CATEGORIES ( CIVIL S]VANTS1 ,/ATE WORK]S & PRIVATE SECTOR WORK]S1 T5D+ T[>DS ! 9TRODUCTION ( A FAMILY WAGE4 

,EXEMPTION FROM ALL TAXES = WORK]S1 L[-LEVEL EMPLOYES1 SMALL PEASANTS & ALL L[-PAID LEVELS ( SOCIETY4 ,M ,FREE & VOLUNT>Y AGRICULTURAL COOP]ATIVE ASSOCIATIONS4 

,FREE & VOLUNT>Y COOP]ATION BETWE5 SMALL >TISAN 5T]PRISES4 

,PROGRESSION T[>DS A COMPLETE COOP]ATIVE SY/EM ( EX*ANGE1 FOOD SUPPLY & CONSUMPTION1 & T[>DS COOP]ATIVE DEVELOPM5T TO 9CLUDE DOME/IC & =EIGN TRADE & SOCIAL SECURITY4 

,9CREASES 9 ! PRICES ( AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION UP TO AN AV]AGE LEVEL & A R$UCTION TO ! SAME LEVEL ( ! PRICES ( 9DU/RIAL PRODUCTS1 BAS$ ON REAL RETAIL PRICES & A JU/ & EGALIT>IAN REMUN]ATION = LABOR 9 ! T[NS & C\NTRYSIDE4 

,ORGANIZATION ( ! /RUGGLE AGA9/ SPECULATION & ! BLACK M>KET BY ! LABOR ASSOCIATIONS1 PRODUC]S' ASSOCIATIONS1 EX*ANGE & CONSUMPTION ASSOCIATIONS & BY ! PUBLIC NAM+ ( ALL SPECULATORS & TRAFFICK]S4 

,! CREATION & DEVELOPM5T ( REGUL>1 HI<-QUALITY COMM]CIAL RELATIONS ?R\<\T ! C\NTRY1 ) ! RAPID SATISFACTION ( NE$S ) REG>D TO BASIC ESS5TIALS1 SU* AS CLO?+ & FOOTWE>1 ?R\< =EIGN IMPORTS4 

,! F9ANCIAL /ABILIZATION ( ! C\NTRY ) A /REAML9+ ( ! BUREAUCRATIC APP>ATUS1 ) A REAL 7NOT PROVISIONAL7 ,/ATE BUDGET & ECONOMY1 ) ! COMPLETE ELIM9ATION ( ALL UNNECESS>Y SP5D+ 7SU* AS ! CO/S ( W>71 & ) A REAL 9CREASE 7NOT JU/ A DEMAGOGIC ONE7 9 ! NATIONAL PRODUCTION4 

,COMPLETE FRE$OM ( SPEE*1 ( ! PRESS & ( ORGANIZATION & ASSEMBLY = ALL NON-FASCI/S4 ,! SUPPRESSION ( ALL ,/ATE & POLICE CONTROL -- LEFT OV] FROM ! FASCI/ P]IOD -- ( CO-OP]ATIVES1 TRADE UNIONS & O!R ORGANIZATIONS4 ,! GOV]NM5T MU/ FULFILL ITS PROMISES 9 ?IS REG>D4 

,OPPOSITION TO ALL DICTATOR%IPS ( :ATEV] NAME OR COLOR4 

,SUPPRESSION ( ! DEA? P5ALTY & ( ALL SPECIAL LAWS4 

,! DISAPPE>ANCE ( ALL CONC5TRATION & LABOR CAMPS OR WORKH\SES ) ! AIM ( PUNI%+2 DISSOLUTION ( ! =C$ LABOR SY/EM1 APPLI$ AS A POLICE ME?OD4 

,/RUGGLE AGA9/ ! REMNANTS ( FASCISM & VIGILANCE AGA9/ ALL ACTIVITY AGA9/ ! PEOPLE1 UND] ! EGIS ( ! V>I\S LABOR1 PRODUCTION & IDEOLOGICAL ORGANIZATIONS ( ! WORK]S & PEASANTS4 

,! GR\P+ ( ALL WORK] & DEMOCRATIC ELEM5TS 9TO EGALIT>IAN MILIT>Y UNIONS 9 ORD] TO RESI/ /RONGLY & EFFECTIVELY ! GR[+ REACTION4 

,W> REP>ATIONS TO BE MADE BY W> CRIM9ALS4 

,! DISSOLV+ ( ! >MY1 ! SUPPRESSION ( OBLIGATORY MILIT>Y S]VICE & ! MILIT>I/IC $UCATION ( Y\NG PEOPLE BO? 9SIDE & \TSIDE S*OOLS4 

,! CREATION ( A VOLUNT>Y POPUL> MILITIA 7NOT CONTROLL$ BY ANY P>TY71 RECRUITM5T TO :I* WILL BE SOLELY EFFECT$ FROM AMONG ! WORK]S & PEASANTS1 & CONTROLL$ BY ! WORK]-PEASANT ORGANIZATIONS4 

,FULLY SCI5TIFIC TEA*+ & $UCATION1 FREE ( ALL POLITICAL P>TY & CLASS 9FLU5CE1 WIDELY AVAILABLE TO ! NEW G5]ATIONS4 

,FREE1 WIDELY AVAILABLE HEAL?C>E = EV]YONE4 

,! TOTAL EXCLUSION ( ALL RELIGI\S 9T]F]5CE FROM TEA*+ & ! FAMILY4 

,AID TO ! POPULATION UND] ! CONTROL ( ! LABOR1 PRODUCTION & IDEOLOGICAL ORGANIZATIONS ( ! WORK]S & PEASANTS4 

,BREAD1 FRE$OM1 PEACE & JOBS = ALL WORK]S & ! PROGRESSIVE LAY]S ( ! ,BULG>IAN PEOPLE4 

,LONG ,LIVE ! ,9T]NATIONAL ,SOLID>ITY 
,( ! ,WORK]S6 
,LONG ,LIVE ,AN>*I/ ,COMMUNISM6 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,JANU>Y #h1 #bba 3 ,BULG>IA3 ,A ,NEW ,SPA9 -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #d1 #bbb 3 ,BULG>IA3 ,A ,NEW ,SPA9 -- ,UPDAT$4 

 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3  
HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/