,*IAPAS ON ! ,BR9K 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,*RI/OPH] ,DAY 

,TEXT 3 

,! P>AMILIT>IES >E /ILL >M$ 9 \R COMMUNITIES4 ,WE LEFT BECAUSE WE >E AFRAID ?AT !Y WILL KILL US LIKE !Y DID ! O!RS10 SAID ,MANUEL ,P]EZ1 A #b#h-YE>-OLD REFUGEE :O FL$ HIS VILLAGE ON ,DECEMB] #bh ) HIS FAMILY4 ,AS HE SPOKE1 FIVE DAYS AFT] ! BRUTAL MASSACRE ( #de 9DIG5\S REFUGEES LIV+ 9 ! VILLAGE ( ,ACTEAL BY ! P>AMILIT>Y GR\P 0,MASC>AS ,ROJAS10 ! VIOL5CE HAD NOT /OPP$4 ,OV] #c1#e CAMPES9OS HAD LEFT !IR VILLAGES SEEK+ REFUGE 9 ! ,ZAPATI/A AUTONOM\S MUNCICIPALITY ( ,POLHO4 

,9 ! WEEKS S9CE ! BLOODY MASACRE ! ,MEXICAN /ATE HAS RESPOND$ TO ?IS CRIME1 NOT BY PUNI%+ ?OSE RESPONSIBLE1 BUT BY ATTACK+ ! ,ZAPATI/A COMMUNITIES4 ,! MASSACRE ON ,DECEMB] #bb IS ONLY ! MO/ BRUTAL ACT ( VIOL5CE 9 AN ONGO+ 0DIRTY W>0 BE+ WAG$ AGA9/ ! 9DIG5\S PEOPLES ( ,*IAPAS4 ,CLA%ES BETWE5 ,ZAPATI/A SUPPORT]S & SYMPA?IZ]S1 LIKE ?OSE 9 ,ACTEAL :O >E MEMB]S ( ! CIVIL ORGANIZATION 0,LAS ,ABEJAS10 & GOV]NM5T-SPONSOR$ P>AMILIT>Y ORGANIZATIONS HAVE BE5 RAG+ = SEV5 MON?S1 LEAV+ AT LEA/ #c DEAD & OV] #b1 HOMELESS 9 ! REGION ( ,*5ALHO ALONE4 ,! VICTIMS ( ! MASACRE 9 ,ACTEAL W]E A P>T ( ?IS REFUGEE POPULATION :O HAD ALREADY BE5 BURN$ \T ( !IR HOMES 9 NE>BY VILLAGES BY P>AMILIT>IES4 

,FROM ! ,PRESID5CY ON D[N1 ! ,9/ITUTIONAL ,REVOLUTION>Y ,P>TY 7,P,R,I71 ! RUL+ P>TY 9 ,MEXICO = OV] #g YE>S1 HAS BE5 FUND+ & TACITLY SUPPORT+ P>AMILIT>Y GR\PS 9 ,*IAPAS 9 AN ATTEMPT TO ]ADICATE SUPPORT = ! ,ZAPATI/AS4 ,ALL ! :ILE ! F$]AL GOV]NEMTN HAS CLAIM$ IT SEEKS TO 0PUT AN 5D TO ! VIOL5CE10 & ?R[N UP FLIMSY SMOKESCRE5S TO DISGUISE ITS (F5SIVE4 ,9 AN ESPECIALLY SILLY =AY1 ,MEXICO'S ,F$]AL ,PUBLIC ,PROSECUTOR1 ,JORGE ,MADRAZO CLAIM$ ! MASSACRE WAS NOT CAUS$ BY ! L[-9T5SITY W>F>E BE+ P]PETRAT$ AGA9/ ,ZAPATI/A SUPPORT]S 9 ,*IAPAS1 BUT ! RESULT ( A 0FAMILY FEUD0 9T]NAL TO 9DIG5\S COMMUNITIES4 

,A ,MASACRE ,=ETOLD 

  

,9 ,*IAPAS EV]YONE WAS %OCK$ BUT FEW W]E SURPRIS$ BY ! MASSACRE 9 ,*5ALHO4 ,IT WAS1 9 ! WORDS ( ,BI%OP ,SAMUEL ,RUIZ 0A MASACRE =ETOLD40 ,EV] S9CE ! ,ZAPATI/A UPRIS+ ON ,JANU>Y #a1 #a#i#i#d1 ! ,MEXICAN GOV]NM5T HAS BE5 WAG+ A 0L[ 9T5SITY W>0 AGA9/ ! 9DIG5\S COMMUNITIES ?AT >E ! ,ZAPATI/AS' BASE ( SUPPORT4 ,?IS C\NT]-9SURG5CY /RATEGY WAS FIR/ APPLI$ 9 ! ,NOR!RN REGION ( ,*IAPAS :]E P>AMILIT>Y DEA? SQUADS LIKE 0,PAZ Y ,JU/ICIA0 70,PEACE & ,JU/ICE07 BUILT UP ) ! SUPPORT ( ! ,F$]AL ,>MY & ! /ATE POLICE WAG$ A CAMPAIGN ( KIDNAPP+1 MURD] & T]ROR AGA9/ COMMUNITIES ?AT SUPPORT$ ! ,ZAPATI/AS4 ,9 #aiig ! 0DIRTY W>0 WAS 5L>G$ TO ! ,HI<L&S REGION ( ,*IAPAS1 9 P>TICUL> ! MUNICIPALITY ( ,*5ALHO4 7,A MUNICIPALITY 9 ,MEXICO IS R\<LY ! EQUIVAL5T ( A C\NTY 9 ! ,U,S74 

,HI/ORICALLY ,*5ALHO HAS BE5 AN >EA ( ABSOLUTE ,P,R,I RULE4 ,BUT ) ! #aiid UPRIS+ MANY ( ! 9DIG5\S ,TZOTZILES ( ,*5ALHO W5T OV] TO ! ,ZAPATI/AS4 ,) ! SUPPORT ( A MAJORITY ( ,*5ALHO'S #cc COMMUNITIES1 ! ,ZAPATI/AS E/ABLI%$ A DEMOCRATICALLY-ELECT$1 AUTONOM\S MUNICIPAL GOV]NM5T 9 OPPOSITION TO ! CORRUPT & FRAUDUL5TLY ELECT$ ,P,R,I GOV]NM5T--A SITUATION ( DUAL P[] ,ZAPATI/AS HAVE ALSO E/ABLI%$ 9 #ag O!R MUNICIPALITIES 9 ,*IAPAS4 

,! R\ND ( VIOL5CE 9 ,*5ALHO ?AT LEAD UP TO ! MASSACRE 9 ,ACTEAL BEGAN ON ,MAY #b#d1 #aiig :5 P>AMILIT>IES MURD]$ ,CRI/OBAL ,P]EZ ,M$IO1 A S*OOL TEA*] & ,ZAPATI/A SYMPA?IZ]4 ,= ?REE MON?S HIS WID[1 ,F$]ICO1 APPEAL$ TO ! SPECIAL ,/ATE ,ASSI/ANT ,ATTORNEY ,G5]AL'S ,(FICE = ,9DIG5\S ,COMUNITIES TO 9VE/IGATE ! CRIME4 ,BUT ! ,ATTORNEY ,G5]AL'S (FICE WAS CONTROLL$ BY ! 7N[-RESIGN$7 UNELECT$ ,P,R,I ,GOV]NOR ( ,*IAPAS1 ,JULIO ,CES> ,RUIZ ,F]RO1 WIDELY REG>D$ AS A PUPPET ( ! ! ,Z$ILLO ADM9I/RATION4 ,NO 9VE/IGATION WAS UND]TAK52 ! RESPONSIBLE P>TIES W]E REASSUR$ ( !IR IMPUNITY4 

,! P>AMILIT>IES CONT9U$ TO BUILD UP !IR /R5G? & 9 ,SEPTEMB] !IR CAMPAIGN ( T]ROR BEGAN 9 E>NE/4 ,! LITANY ( ATTACKS :I* B>ELY REGI/]$ 9 ! 9T]NATIONAL PRESS1 OV]:ELMS4 

,ON ,SEPTEMB] #a#g1 #f FAMILIES W]E =C$ TO FLEE FROM ! VILLAGE ( ,LOS ,*ORROS1 A BASE = ! P>AMILIT>IES1 T[>DS ,N>ANJATIK :5 ! LOCAL ,P,R,I ANN\NC$ ?AT IT W\LD LAUN* AN (F5SIVE TO DISPLACE ! AUTONOM\S C\NCIL ( ,POLHO & DEM&$ CONTRIBUTIONS TO BUY MORE WEAPONS4 ,! ,P,R,I MEMB]S >RE/$ SEV5 PEOPLE & BURNT D[N #ag HOMES4 ,ON ,SEPTEMB] #a#i1 ! ,P,R,I-AFFILIAT$ P>AMILIT>Y GR\P 0,MASC>A ,ROJA0 7,R$ ,MASK7 TORTUR$ #ac ,ZAPATI/A FOLL[]S & BURN$ #g HOMES 9 ! COMMUNITIES ( ,MIGUEL ,UTRILLA & ,PUEBLA4 ,TWO DAYS LAT] GR\PS ( MASK$ P]SONS H>ASS$ ,TZOTZILS ,M>IANO ,VASQUEZ ,JIM5EZ1 F\ND] ( ! AUTONOM\S ,ZAPATI/A COMMUNITY ( ,POLHO1 & ,JOAQU9 ,VASQUEZ ,P]EZ1 FROM ,LOS ,*ORROS4 

,ON ,OCTOB] #a1 ,PRESID5T ,Z$ILLO VISIT$ ,SAN ,CRI/OBAL DE ,LAS ,CASAS & MET ) ,P,R,I (FICIALS FROM ! ,HI<L&S :O REQUE/$ A DECREE ?AT W\LD AU?ORIZE CIVILIANS TO HAVE WEAPONS 9 !IR HOMES4 ,! NEXT DAY 9 ,LIMAS ,*ITAMUCUM1 SEV5 MEMB]S ( A FAMILY1 9CLUD+ A Y\NG GIRL1 W]E MURD]$ BY P>AMILIT>IES4 ,TWO DAYS LAT] P>AMILIT>IES FROM ,LOS ,*ORROS ATTACK$ ! VILLAGE ( ,LA ,ESP]ANZA4 ,FIFTY-TWO PEOPLE W]E =C$ TO FLEE & !IR HOMES W]E BURNT4 ,ON ,OCTOB] #ae TWO CAMPES9OS W]E KILL$ & ?REE 9JUR$ 9 ,TZANEMBOLOM4 ,F\R HUNDR$ SEV5TY-FIVE PEOPLE FL$4 ,!IR HOMES1 ANIMALS & FIELDS W]E RANSACK$4 ,ON ,OCTOB] #bc P>AMILIT>IES OP5$ FIRE ON ! COMMUNITY ( ,LAS ,LAM9AS FROM A BUS4 ,ONE HUNDR$ ?IRTY PEOPLE FL$4 ,BETWE5 ,OCTOB] #be & #bh A S]IES ( CONFRONTATIONS LEFT #ai 9 ! COMMUNITIES ( ,OV5TIC & ,CANONAL ) BULLET W\NDS4 ,ON ,OCTOB] #bg A SECOND ATTACK WAS C>RI$ \T AGA9/ ! COMMUNITY ( ,*IMIX4 ,SEV]AL ,ZAPATI/A HOMES W]E DE/ROY$ & %OTS W]E FIR$4 ,! NEXT DAY :5 ! P>AMILIT>IES RETURN$ !Y W]E REPELL$ BY ! COMMUNITY4 ,! SAME DAY1 9 ,KANOLAL1 ,ZAPATI/A HOMES W]E BURN$ & ! FAMILIES FL$4 ,ON ,NOVEMB] #d1 ,PAZ Y ,JU/ICIA ATTEMPT$ TO ASSAS9ATE ,BI%OP ,SAMUEL ,RUIZ & HIS ASSI/ANT ,RAUL ,V]A4 ,ON ,NOVEMB] #a ! VILLAGE ( ,YIBELJOJ WAS ATTACK$ BY ,P,R,I MEMB]S1 #ah FAMILIES FL$ & !IR HOMES W]E RANSACK$4 ,F\R DAYS LAT] ,M>IANO ,>IAS ,P]EZ1 A S*OOL TEA*] & ,P,R,I MEMB] FROM ,YIBELJOJ WAS MURD]$ AFT] HE D5\NC$ ! ACTIONS ( HIS P>TY4 ,TWO DAYS LAT] ,P,R,I MEMB]S FIR$ %OTS 9TO ! AIR AT HIS FUN]AL4 

,ZAPATI/AS 9 ! COMMUNITY FL$4 ,! NEXT DAY ,P,R,I MEMB]S ROBB$ PEOPLE 9 ,ACTEAL4 ,ON ,NOVEMB] #ah A GR\P ( #c PRESUM$ MEMB]S ( ,MASC>A ,ROJA >M$ ) SUB-MA*9E GUNS 9VAD$ ! COMMUNITY ( ,AURORA ,*ICA & OP5$ FIRE KILL+ SIX ,TZOTZILES1 9CLUD+ AN #a#a-YE>-OLD & A #a#c-YE>-OLD4 ,! NEXT DAY ?REE PEOPLE W]E DISAPPE>$ FROM ,POLHO 9CLUD+ A N9E-YE>-OLD BOY4 ,HOMES W]E BURN$ 9 ,TZALALUCUM4 ,ON ,NOVEMB] #b AN >M$ GR\P SET FIRE TO AT LEA/ #e H\SES 9 ?REE COMMUNITIES 9HABIT$ BY SUPPORT]S ( ! ,ZAPATI/AS4 ,P,R,I MEMB]S 5T]$ ! COMMUNITIES ( ,TZAHALUKUN1 ,LA ,ESP]ANZA1 ,ACTEAL1 ,*IMIX1 & ,PE*IQUIL TO BURN H\SES4 ,9 ,PE*IQUIL OV] #b HOMES W]E BURN$ & O!RS1 ) ,P,R,I EMBLEMS ON ! DOORS1 W]E LEFT 9TACT4 ,ON ,NOVEMB] #b#a1 TWO MORE ,TZOTZILS 9 ! COMMUNITY ( ,*IMIX W]E MURD]$4 

,ON ,DECEMB] #e1 PEACE NEGOTIATIONS BETWE5 ! ,P,R,I & ! AUTONOM\S MUNICIPALITY W]E BEGAN 9 ANTICIPATION ( ! VISIT TO ,*IAPAS BY ! ,PAPAL ,NUNCIO ,JU/O ,MULLOR4 ,ON ,DECEMB] #aa A CEASEFIRE AGREEM5T WAS SIGN$1 BUT 9 ! FOLL[+ DAYS ,P,R,I MEMB]S BURN$ ! H\SES ( ,ZAPATI/A SYMPA?IZ]S 9 ,YAXJEMEL1 ,*IMIX & ,MAJOMUT4 ,ON ,DECEMB] #ab ! ,E,Z,L,N ISSU$ A COMMUNIQUE ?AT DETAIL$ ! /ATE ( SEIGE IMPOS$ ON ! ,ZAPATI/A COMMUNITIES & NOT$ ?AT ! REFUGEE POPULATION LIV+ )\T %ELT] 9 ! M\NTA9S HAD GR[N TO #f1 PEOPLE4 

,ON ,DECEMB] #ae ,G5]AL ,SECRET>Y ( ,*IAPAS1 ,HOM] ,TOVILLA ,CRI/IANI ISSU$ A /ATEM5T ?AT !RE W]E NO P>AMILIT>Y ORGANIZATIONS OP]AT+ 9 ,*5ALHO1 E*O+ AN E>LI] /ATEM5T BY ,GOV]NOR ,RUIZ ,F]RO ?AT ! ONLY >M$ GR\P 9 ,*5ALHO WAS ! ,E,Z,L,N4 ,%ORTLY !REAFT] IT WAS REVEAL$ ?AT ,RUIZ ,F]RO & ,TOVILLA ,CRI/IANI HAD DIRECT$ @s#f#e1 ,U,S 9 /ATE SOCIAL DEVELOPM5T FUNDS TO ,PAZ Y ,JU/ICIA4 ,! DOCUM5T DIRECT+ ! MONIES 9 ?REE PAYM5TS BETWE5 ,AUGU/ #aiif & ,MAY #aiig WAS ALSO SIGN$ BY ,MEXICAN ,F$]AL ,>MY ,G5]AL ,M>IO ,R5AN ,CA/ILLO ( ! #g? ,MILIT>Y ,REGION 9 ,*IAPAS :I* 9CLUDES ,*5ALHO4 

,!SE EV5TS (F] JU/ A TA/E ( ! REIGN ( T]ROR ?AT EXI/$ = SEV5 MON?S PRIOR TO ! MASACRE 9 ,ACTEAL4 ,EA* WAS REPORT$ 9 ! ,MEXICAN NATIONAL PRESS :ILE ! /ATE & F$]AL GOV]NM5TS DID NO?+ TO RE/RA9 ! DEA? SQUADS !Y HAD F9ANC$1 >M$ & TRA9$4 

,! ,/RATEGY ( ! ,DIRTY ,W> 

  

,! ACTIVITIES ( ! GOV]NM5T-DIRECT$ DEA? SQUADS >E P>T ( A C\NT]-9SURG5CY /RATEGY AIM$ AT DE/ROY+ ! ,ZAPATI/AS4 ,& ! TIM+ ( ! REC5T ESCALATION IS NO ACCID5T--IT CO9CIDES EXACLTY ) ! C(FEE H>VE/4 ,:ILE ,ZAPATI/A SYMPA?IZ]S W]E FLEE+ 9TO ! M\NTA9S1 !IR H\SES 9 FLAMES1 ! P>AMILIT>IES SEIZ$ !IR LIVE/OCK & CROPS1 MO/ IMPORTANTLY ! C(FEE BEANS READY TO GO TO M>KET4 ,REFUGEES HAVE BE5 FLEE+ TO MORE SECURE ,ZAPATI/A COMMUNITIES :I* >E N[ OV]:ELM$ BY LEGIONS ( HUNGRY M\?S TO FE$4 

,DOCUM5TS FROM ! ,MEXICAN ,M9I/RY ( ,DEF5SE EXPOS$ 9 ! ,JANU>Y #d ISSUE ( ! NEWSWEEKLY ,PROCESO CLE>LY SPELL \T ! GOV]NM5T'S /RATEGY4 ,ONE DOCUM5T AU?OR$ BY ,G5]AL ,ANTONIO ,RIVIELLO ,BAZAN & #g? ,MILIT>Y ,REGION ,COMM&] ,MIGUEL ,ANGEL ,GOD9EZ 7N[ A MEMB] ( ! ,H\SE ( ,DEPUTIES71 EXPLICITLY CALLS = ! GOV]NM5T TO CREATE P>AMILIT>Y ORGANIZATIONS1 =CE ! CONC5TRATION ( ! ,ZAPATI/AS' BASES ( SUPPORT & DEPRIVE !M ( LIFE'S NECCESITIES 9 ORD] TO DE/ROY !IR MORALE & BREAK !IR SUPPORT = ! ,E,Z,L,N4 

,! DELIB]ATE CONC5TRATION ( REFUGEES 9 A H&FUL ( ,ZAPATI/A COMMUNITIES BE>S A *ILL+ RESEMBLANCE TO ! 0,/RATEGIC ,HAMLETS0 ( ,U,S C\NT]-9SURG5CY /RATEGY 9 ,VIET ,NAM4 ,IF ! PEOPLE >E ! SEA )9 :I* ! ,E,Z,L,N SWIMS1 ! GOV]NM5T IS \T TO DRA9 ?AT SEA4 

,POLITICAL ,CRISIS 

  

,! ,ACTEAL MASSACRE WAS ! NATURAL \TCOME ( ! GOV]NM5T'S C\NT]-9SURG5CY /RATEGY1 BUT IT ALSO TE/IFIES TO ! WEAKNESSES ( ?AT /RATEGY4 ,! MASSACRE HAS PRECIPITAT$ A PR(\ND POLITICAL CRISIS 9 ,MEXICO4 ,:ILE ! GOV]NM5T HAS 9SI/$ ON ITS 9NOC5CE1 ITS OBVI\S 9VOLVEM5T HAS CAUS$ UPSETS )9 ITS [N HI]>*Y4 ,! P[]FUL ,SECRET>Y ( ! ,9T]IOR1 ,EMILIO ,*UAYFFET & ! UNELECT$ ,GOV]NOR ( ,*IAPAS ,JULIO ,CES> ,RUIZ ,F]RO W]E BO? =C$ TO RESIGN BY ! SC&AL SURR\ND+ ! MASACRE4 

,! MASSACRE & ! 9CREAS+ MILIT>IZATION ( ,*IAPAS HAVE SP>K$ R5EW$ NATIONAL & 9T]NATIONAL 9T]E/ 9 ! SITUATION 9 ,*IAPAS4 ,EV]Y DAY HAS BR\<T NEW DEMON/RATIONS 9 DIFF]5T P>TS ( ,MEXICO4 ,ZAPATI/A SUPPORT]%AVE MA9TA9$ A PRES5CE AT ! ,MONUM5T DE ,ANGELS 9 ,MEXICO CITY S9CE ! ,ACTEAL KILL+S & A S]IES ( DEMON/RATIONS !RE HAVE GR[N PROGRESSIVELY L>G]4 ,ON ,JANU>Y #e Y\? FROM ! ,ZAPATI/A ,NATIONAL ,LIB]ATION ,FRONT 7! ,F,Z,L,N1 A CIVIL ORGANIZATION ?AT SUPPORTS ! ,E,Z,L,N7 TOOK OV] ! ,/OCK ,EX*ANGE & TWO RADIO /ATIONS 9 ,MEXICO ,CITY4 ,DEM&S = A S]I\S 9VE/IGATION ( ! MASSACRE CAME FROM HEADS ( /ATE 9CLUD+ ,BILL ,CL9TON1 :ILE A RIS+ TIDE ( PROTE/S 9 ! /REETS 9 ,EUROPE & ,NOR? ,AM]ICA DEM&$ ! DEMILIT>IZATION ( ,*IAPAS1 COMPLIANCE ) ! ,SAN ,&RES ,ACCORDS & AN 5D TO ,U,S MILIT>Y AID TO ,MEXICO4 ,ON ,JANU>Y #b DEMON/RATIONS W]E HELD 9 AT LEA/ #b ,U,S CITIES4 ,JANU>Y #ab HAS BE5 CALL$ AS A NATIONAL & 9T]NATIONAL DAY ( PROTE/ AGA9/ ! MASSACRE4 

,MILIT>Y ,MOVES 

  

,9 ! DAYS FOLL[+ ! MASSACRE ! ,E,Z,L,N W>N$ ?AT ! GOV]NM5T WAS GO+ TO USE ! MASSACRE AS A PRETEXT = MOVES AGA9/ ! ,ZAPATI/A COMMUNITIES4 ,! GOV]NM5T DISMISS$ !SE ACCUSATIONS & 9SI/$ ?AT !Y W]E DET]M9$ TO BR+ ?OSE RESPONSIBLE = ! MASSACRE TO JU/ICE & ?AT ! #e1 ADDITIONAL TROOPS BE+ S5T 9TO ,*IAPAS W]E GO+ TO BE US$ TO PROTECT ! COMMUNITIES FROM ! P>AMILIT>IES4 ,TO EMPAHSIZE ?IS PO9T ! ,>MY WAS 9/RUCT$ TO C>RY \T 0,SOCIAL ,WORK0 AMONG ! REFUGEES BY DI/RIBUT+ FOOD1 CLO?+ & M$IC9E4 

,! ,ZAPATI/A COMMUNITIES =CEFULLY DEMON/RAT$ !IR /R5G? & DET]M9ATION :5 ! REFUGEES--HUNGRY1 COLD & SICK--REFUS$ ! GOV]NM5T AID4 ,!Y 9SI/$ ?AT ! GOV]NM5T WAS BEH9D ! MASSACRE & ! P>AMILIT>IES' REIGN ( T]ROR2 !Y W\LD NOT BE US$ TO COV] UP ?IS FACT4 

,ON ,JANU>Y #c ! ,E,Z,L,N'S PR$ICTIONS ( R5EW$ MILIT>Y ACTION AGA9/ !IR COMMUNITIES CAME TRUE4 ,?AT MORN+ ! ,MEXICAN ,>MY 5CIRCL$ ,LA ,REALIDAD1 ! HEADQU>T]S ( ! TOP MILIT>Y LEAD]%IP ( ! ,E,Z,L,N4 ,! SOLDI]S TOLD RESID5TS ?AT !Y W]E GO+ TO CAPTURE ,SUBCOM&ANTE ,M>COS4 ,ONE CAMPES9O WAS TI$ UP & BEAT5 BY SOLDI]S ) RIFLE BUTTS = REFUS+ TO ANSW] !IR QUE/IONS4 ,HIS TE/IMONY TO ! PRESS ! NEXT DAY WAS GIV5 9 SIGN LANGUAGE & 9T]PRET$ BY HIS DAU<T] AS HE IS MUTE4 ,REFUGEES FROM ! COMMUNITY ( ,GUADALUPE ,TEPEYAC1 :I* WAS OCCUPI$ BY ! ,>MY 9 ITS (F5SIVE AGA9/ ! ,ZAPATI/AS 9 ,FEBRU>Y #a#i#i#e1 FL$ FROM ,LA ,REALIDAD 9TO ! M\NTA9S4 

,OV] ! NEXT SEV]AL DAYS SIMIL> SC5ES W]E REPEAT$ 9 ,ZAPATI/A COMMUNITIES ACROSS ,*IAPAS4 ,OV5TIC1 ANO!R REGIONAL C5T] ( ! ,ZAPATI/AS1 WAS EVACUAT$ :5 ! MILIT>Y APPROA*$4 ,SOLDI]S ATTEMPT$ TO 5T] ,MORELIA ON ! ,JANU>Y #c & W]E *AS$ (F BY WOM5 & *ILDR5 ) /ICKS & /ONES4 ,TWO SOLDI]S W]E SEP>AT$ FROM ! MA9 TROOP & SURR\ND$ BY WOM5 FROM ! COMMUNITY4 ,!Y SURR5D]$ & H&$ OV] !IR WEAPONS TO ! WOM5 ( ! COMMUNITY 7:I* W]E LAT] RETREIV$ BY ! MILIT>Y74 ,9 ! T[N ( ,XOYEP 9 ,*5ALHO #b REFUGEES SURR\ND$ A NEWLY-CON/RUCT$ MILIT>Y 5CAMPM5T & AFT] A F\R H\R CONFRONTATION =C$ ! DISMANTLEM5T ( ! 5CAMPM5T4 ,ON ,JANU>Y #e SOLDI]S 5T]$ ! COMMUNITY ( ! #a? ( ,APRIL & SEIZ$ PROP]TY AFT] RESID5TS FL$ TO ! M\NTA9S4 ,ON ,JANU>Y #f SOLDI]S 5T]$ SEV5 COMMUNITIES 9 ! MUNICIPALITY ( ,MITONIC4 ,ON ,JANU>Y #g SOLDI]S 5T]$ ! COMMUNITY ( ,LA ,UNION & ATTEMPT$ TO DETA9 TWO 9T]NATIONAL OBS]V]S4 ,!Y W]E PREV5T$ FROM DO+ SO :5 ! MEMB]S ( ! COMMUNITY APPE>$ ) MA*ETES1 /ICKS & /ONES & ?REAT5$ TO ATTACK ! SOLDI]S4 ,ON ,JANU>Y #h SOLDI]S 5T]$ ,SIBACJA & SE>*$ PEOPLES' H\SES4 ,ON ,JANU>Y #i SOLDI]S 5T]$ ,PATIHUITZ & ,GALEANA4 

,ALL ( !SE ACTIONS HAVE BE5 C>RI$ \T UND] ! PRETEXT ( 5=C+ ! ,F$]AL ,FIRE>MS ,LAW4 ,AFT] A TOK5 SE>* = WEAPONS 9 A FEW P>AMILIT>Y /RON<OLDS 9 ,*5ALHO ! ,>MY HAS DIRECT$ ALL ( ITS EF=TS AGA9/ ,ZAPATI/A COMMUNITIES4 ,?IS IS 9 SU* BLATANT VIOLATION ( ! ,F$]AL ,LAW PASS$ TO PROMOTE ! DIALOGUE BETWE5 ! ,E,Z,L,N & ! GOV]NM5T1 :I* PROHIBITS MILIT>Y ACTIONS 9 ! ,ZAPATI/A COMMUNITIES1 ?AT ! NEW ,9T]IOR ,SECRET>Y ,LABA/IDA WAS =C$ TO 9SI/ ?AT ! ,>MY WASN'T TRY+ TO DIS>M ! ,ZAPATI/AS4 ,! SUPPOS$ >MS CA*ES F\ND 9 !SE SE>*ES HAVE EI!R BE5 CRUDE PLANTS OR COMICALLY PUNY4 ,! GOV]NM5T S\<T TO JU/IFY ! #ag H\R 5CIRCLEM5T ( ,LA ,REALIDAD ON ! BASIS ( AN >MS 0CA*E0 DISCOV]$ 9 A H\SE \TSIDE ! COMMUNITY4 ,:5 ! NATURE ( ! 0CA*E0 WAS REVEAL$ IT TURN$ \T TO BE A S+LE 4#b#b CALIB] RIFLE1 SEV]AL BOXES ( 4#b#b AMMUNITION & SOME GRE5 HATS4 

,! ,E,Z,L,N HAS ACCUS$ ! GOV]NM5T ( ATTEMPT+ TO PROVOKE A MILIT>Y CONFRONTATION ?AT W\LD S]VE AS A PRETEXT = EV5 MORE AGGRESSIVE MILIT>Y ACTION4 ,ACCORD+LY !Y HAVE RESPOND$ BY ATTEMPT+ TO AVOID SU* A CONFRONTATION :ILE /ILL ASS]T+ !IR CONTROL OV] !IR [N COMMUNITIES4 ,9 MANY COMMUNITIES ?IS HAS MEANT ?AT ! MAJORITY ( ! M5 HAVE FL$ ! COMMUNITIES 9TO ! SURR\ND+ M\NTA9S LEAV+ ! DEF5SE TO ! WOM5 & *ILDR54 ,?IS PUTS ! ,>MY 9 A V]Y AWKW>D POSITION4 ,IT HAS ALSO DEMON/RAT$ ! PEOPLES' DEP? ( COMMITM5T TO ! ,ZAPATI/A CAUSE4 ,! C\RAGE\S ACTIONS ( ! WOM5 & *ILDR51 >M$ ) /ICKS & /ONES1 AGA9/ ,M-#a#f TOT+ ,MEXICAN ,>MY SOLDI]S HAS HAD A P[]FUL IMPACT ON PUBLIC CONSCI\SNESS 9 ,MEXICO4 

,CONCLUSION 

  

,AS ( ?IS WRIT+ ! SITUATION H]E 9 ,*IAPAS IS /ILL 9 FLUX4 ,! 9CREAS+LY AGGRESSIVE PO/URE ( ! ,>MY C\LD LEAD TO OP5 W>F>E4 ,AT ! SAME TIME ! POLITICAL CRISIS ?AT IS UNFOLD+ C\LD REA* EV5 HI<] & S]I\SLY DE/ABILIZE ! ,Z$ILLO GOV]NM5T4 ,9T]NATIONAL PROTE/S AGA9/ ! MASSACRE HAVE HAD A PR(\ND EFFECT & HAVE GIV5 ! MOVEM5T 9 ,MEXICO ! K9D ( SUPPORT IT REALLY NE$S4 ,9 EI!R CASE ! SITUATION CRIES \T = A P[]FUL & MILITANT 9T]NATIONAL SOLID>ITY MOVEM5T ?AT WILL KEEP ! PRESSURE ON ! ,MEXICAN /ATE & ! 9T]NATIONAL 9/ITUTIONS LIKE ! ,9T]NATIONAL ,MONET>Y ,FUND 7,I,M,F7 ?AT >E BEH9D ! NEO-LIB]AL POLICIES ?AT HAVE PRECIPITAT$ ! CURR5T CRISIS4  

 ,! ,E,Z,L,N HAS BUILT A K9D ( G5U9ELY DEMOCRATIC C\NT]-P[] ?AT IS NOT TO BE F\ND ANY:]E ELSE ON E>?4 ,!Y HAVE RE9VIGORAT$ ! IDEA ( REVOLUTION & DEMON/RAT$ ?AT ! ,NEW ,WORLD ,ORD] ( GLOBAL CAPITALI/ DOM9ATION IS NOT A SURE BET4 ,!IR EXAMPLE IS AN IMPORTANT 9SPIRATION TO ALL ! MILLIONS ( VICTIMS ( NEO-LIB]ALISM >\ND ! WORLD4 ,WE MU/ JO9 9 SOLID>ITY ) \R ,ZAPATI/A BRO!RS & SI/]S4 ,WE MU/ NOT ALL[ ! M>TYRS ( ,ACTEAL TO HAVE DI$ 9 VA94 ,WE MU/ BUILD AS BROAD & MILITANT A MOVEM5T AS POSSIBLE TO FI<T = ! FOLL[+ DEM&S3  

,/OP ,U,S AID TO ,MEXICO4  

,DEM& ! IMPLEM5TATION ( ! ,SAN ,&RES ACCORDS = 9DIG5\S AUTONOMY4  

,5D ! MILIT>IZATION ( ,*IAPAS4  
  

,?IS >TICLE IS D$ICAT$ TO ALL ?OSE MURD]$ OR W\ND$ 9 ,ACTEAL ON ,DECEMB] #b#b1 #a#i#i#g4 

7,S\RCE3 ,JAN_/,FEB #aiih ISSUE ( ,L@&,R1 ,RETRIEV$ ON #b#a#f-#f-#a#c FROM WEB4>*IVE4ORG47 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,JANU>Y #a#g1 #bbb 3 ,*IAPAS ON ! ,BR9K -- ,ADD$4 

 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3  
HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/