,CLASS ,W> 

#aige 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,ALFR$O ,M>IA ,BONANNO 

,TEXT 3 

,9 ,ITALY !RE IS A CIVIL W> 9 C\RSE4 ,JU/ AS 9 EV]Y O!R P>T ( ! WORLD1 ! MORTAL CLA% HAS WELL DEF9$ *>ACT]I/ICS 9 RELATION TO ! CONDITIONS ( EXPLOITATION IMPOS$ BY ! DOM9ANT CLASS4 ,?AT IS :Y WE >E SPEAK+ ( CLASS 7CIVIL7 W>4 

,/ATE VIOL5CE & DEF5SIVE CLASS VIOL5CE >E OPPOS+ EA* O!R 9 A CLA% ?AT ONLY ! POLITICALLY %ORT-SI<T$ 9SI/ ON NOT SEE+4 ,! T]RORISM ( ! V>I\S ORGANIZATIONS 9 ! S]VICE ( ! BOSSES IS A CON/ANTLY DETECTABLE ELEM5T1 JU/ AS 9 ! O!R FIELD1 AN ORGANIZATION ( DEF5SE IS BEG9N+ TO TAKE %APE AGA9/ ! ,/ATE ASSASS9S1 ORGANIZATIONS ?AT %\LD BE EXAM9$ & EVALUAT$ 9 !IR LIMITS & P]SPECTIVES4 ,! O!R DISC\RSE1 ! SO-CALL$ LEGALIT>IAN ONE1 ! DISC\RSE ?AT F9DS ITS [N PHONETIC EXPRESSION 9 P>LIAM5T1 CAN ALSO BE EVALUAT$ PRECISELY ONCE IT IS 9S]T$ 9TO ! LOGIC ( A CONFLICT 9 C\RSE4 ,?IS IS :AT WE %ALL SEE4 

,! VIOL5CE ( ! BOSSES & !IR S]VANTS 

,9 A DECL>ATION MADE TO ! DAILY 0,IL ,GIORNO0 ,APRIL #ai #a#i#f#h1 ! MANAG+ DIRECTOR ( ! ,9,A,I,L DECL>$ ?AT ! PH5OM5ON ( ACCID5TS AT WORK 7:ITE DEA?S7 HAD TAK5 ON ! DIM5SION ( A W>3 0ONE DEA? EV]Y H\R1 SOMEONE W\ND$ EV]Y #f SECONDS04 ,IT IS ! WORK]S :O >E FALL+ ON ! FRONT ( EXPLOITATION1 :ILE ! 0M5 ( ! LEFT0 CONT9UE !IR P>LIAM5T>Y ANTICS4 ,IMPOSSIBLE WORK PACE1 PIECE WORK1 9CREASE 9 N]V\S T5SION1 MONOTONY1 IMPOSSIBILITY TO ADAPT REFLEXES TO ! MA*9E4 ,! MO/ DANG]\S P]IOD = ! LIFE ( ! WORK] >E ! LA/ WORK+ H\RS ( ! DAY4 ,IT IS A TRUE SLAU<T]H\SE4 ,AMPUTATIONS ( H&S & L[] LIMBS1 ! LOSS ( EYES1 BURNS1 CRIPPL+1 TO RHEUMATISMS1 BRON*ITIS1 DEAFNESS1 DIGE/IVE DI/URBANCES1 TO N]V\S BREAKD[NS & HE>T ATTACKS4 #h P] C5T ( ! SOLD]]S 9 ! %IPY>DS >E DEAF4 ,A V]Y HI< P]C5TAGE ( WORK]S 9 ! M9+ & QU>RY SECTOR SUFF] FROM SILICOSIS4 ,?OSE EMPLOY$ ON ! ASSEMBLY L9E 9 ! ,FIAT1 ) MOV+ BELTS1 DISCOV]$ AFT] A FEW YE>S ?AT !Y HAD CONSID]ABLE DIM9UTION 9 !IR SEXUAL CAPACITY4 #e P] C5T ( ! WORK]S 9 ! TEXTILE SECTOR SUFF] FROM D]MATITIS & RESPIRATORY DI/URBANCES4 

,TO ?AT WE %\LD ADD ! MORTAL ACCID5TS1 ?OSE USUALLY CONSID]$ ACCID5TAL BUT :I* >E DEP5D5T ON ! V]Y LOGIC ( PRODUCTION4 ,9 #aif /ATI/ICS SPOKE ( A DEA? EV]Y H\R1 TODAY WE DO NOT KN[ ! EXACT FIGURES BUT !Y HAVE C]TA9LY NOT DECREAS$4 ,IT IS 5\< TO READ ! NEWSPAP]S TO REALIZE H[ MANY WORK]S DIE EV]Y DAY BECAUSE ( WORK CONDITIONS1 KILL$ AT ! PLACE ( EXPLOITATION BY ! BOSSES & !IR S]VANTS4 ,IT IS NECESS>Y TO RECOGNIZE ?\<1 ?AT ! JOB ( ! 9DU/RIALI/ IS NOT ALWAYS ?AT ( ! BUT*]4 ,! BOSS GETS V]Y UPSET :5 !RE >E ACCID5TS AT WORK1 BECAUSE IT UPSETS HIM BO? AT ! PSY*OLOGICAL LEVEL 7MU* LESS7 & AT ! ECONOMIC ONE 7MU* MORE74 ,BUT ! LOGIC ( EXPLOITATION HAS ITS NECESS>Y /EPS :I* IT CANNOT EXTRAPOLATE ITSELF FROM4 ,ITS PATI5CE RUNS \T ?\< :5 ! EXPLOIT$1 9 SPITE ( ALL ! C>E ONE HAS = HIM & ALL ! PRE-OCCUPATIONS ONE HAS1 9SI/S 9 NOT DOCILELY SUBMITT+ TO EXPLOITATION4 ,!N IT IS QUITE A DIFF]5T MATT]4 ,TO ! 9ELUCTABLE LOGIC ( ! CAPITALI/ PROCESS IS ADD$ HOMICIDAL WILL & DET]M9ATION4 ,! BOSS TURNS TO ! ,/ATE TO HAVE HIS SACROSANCT RI<T TO KILL1 CUT TO PIECES1 DET]IORATE ! HUMAN MAT]IAL HE HAS B\<T & IS !RE=E AT HIS DISPOSITION1 PROTECT$4 

,9 ?IS CASE ! POLICE 9T]V5E4 ,LET US LOOK AT ! CASES :]E ! POLICE 9 ,ITALY HAVE DELIB]ATELY %OT 9TO ! CR[D1 KILL+ WORK]S :O W]E DEM&+ !IR [N RI<T TO LIFE4 ,! ANSW] WAS GIV5 9 BULLETS :I* HAVE CAUS$ #acc DEA?S BETWE5 #aidf & #aig AMONG LABOR]S1 UNEMPLOY$1 WORK]S1 RICE LABOR]S1 /UD5TS4 ,LOOK+ AT ! LI/S ( WORK]S KILL$ BY ! POLICE DUR+ DEMON/RATIONS1 9 JU/ #aifi ONE F9DS ! DEA? ( A S*OOL TEA*] 7,T]ESA ,RICCI>DI71 !N ALL ! RE/ >E V]Y POOR PEOPLE1 0RABBLE0 :O HAVE ALWAYS BE5 %OT AT = C5TURIES ) IMPUNITY4 ,9 AN >TICLE 9 0,L',UNITA0 9 #aie WAS WRITT53 0,LA ,CEL]E 7FA/ RESPONSE UNITS7 >E ORGANIZ+ PREV5TIVELY0 LI/+ POLICE *>GES ( DEMON/RATIONS & %OOT+S 9 DETAIL2 O!R 0PREV5TIVE0 V]SIONS RELAT$ TO WEAPONS 9 ! POSSESSION ( WORK]S >E DRAWN UP = ! USE ( ! GOV]NM5T & 9DEP5D5T PRESS1 DESIGN$ TO JU/IFY ! USE ( >MS BY ! POLICE4 ,9 ,CATANIA1 9 PIAZZA ,/ESICORA1 DUR+ A DEMON/RATION AGA9/ ! ,TAMBRONI GOV]NM5T1 COMMUNI/ BUILD+ LABOR] ,SALVATORE ,NOVEMBRE1 AG$ #a#i1 WAS KILL$ AFT] BE+ REPEAT$LY /RUCK BY TRUN*EONS1 & AS HE FELL1 LOS+ CONSCI\SNESS1 A POLICEMAN DELIB]ATELY %OT HIM REPEAT$LY4 ,ONE1 TWO1 ?REE %OTS UNTIL HE IS SLA91 R5D]$ UNRECOGNIZABLE4 ,!N ! POLICEMAN LO/ HIMSELF 9 ! CR[D & C>RI$ ON ) HIS ACTION4 ,NOT YET DEAD1 ,SALVATORE WAS DRAGG$ TO ! C5T] ( ! SQU>E TO S]VE AS AN EXAMPLE TO ! CITIZ5S ( ,CATANIA4 ,COME C>AB9I]I US$ MA*9E GUNS TO PREV5T ANYONE FROM GETT+ NE> TO ! POOR Y\? :O DI$ FROM LOSS ( BLOOD4 ,9 ,REGGIO ,EMILIA ON ! #g? ( ! SAME MON? ( ,JULY1 C>AB9I]I & POLICE %OT 9TO ! CR[D = =TY M9UTES UN9T]RUPT$1 KILL+ FIVE PEOPLE4 ,PI]GIUSEPPE ,MURGIA TELLS ( ! EV5T3 0444AMID ! BL9D+ SMOKE ONE C\LD HE> ! %OTS4 ,! POLICE >E %OOT+4 ,!Y %OOT 9TO ! CR[D4 ,! PEOPLE /OP = A MOM5T1 /UPIFI$4 ,!Y CANNOT BELIEVE IT4 ,!Y >E %OOT+ FROM EV]Y CORN] ( ! SQU>E4 ,!Y >E %OOT+ AT CLOSE RANGE4 ,AT PEOPLE4 ,%OOT+ )\T A BREAK4 ,! FIR/ TO FALL IS ,LAURO ,F]IOLI1 AG$ #b#b1 FA!R ( A LITTLE BOY4 ,AT ! FIR/ %OTS HE ?REW HIMSELF 9CR$UL\SLY T[>DS ! POLICE AS ?\< TO /OP !M3 ! AG5TS >E A HUNDR$ Y>DS FROM HIM3 !Y %OOT HIM FULL 9 ! *E/1 !Y %OOT HIM 9 ! FACE4 ,A BOY :O WITNESS$ ?IS WAS TO SAY1 0,HE TOOK ONE OR TWO /EPS1 NO MORE1 & ! MA*9E GUN FIRE SET (F RI<T AWAY4 ,I F\ND MYSELF RI<T AT HIS SIDE & SAW HIM TURN R\ND1 FALL OV] ON HIMSELF ) BLOOD P\R+ \T ( HIS M\?4 ,HE FELL ON TOP ( ME ) ALL ! BLOOD 7444740 ,MEAN:ILE1 ! WORK] ,M>9O ,S]RI :O WAS CRY+ ) RAGE APPE>$ AT ! CORN] ( ! /REET TO PROTE/ CRY+ 0,MURD]]S1 MURD]]S04 ,ANO!R VOLLEY /RUCK HIM & HE FELL AS WELL 74447 ,OVIDIO ,FRAN*I1 A BOY WORK] AG$ #a#i1 DI$ %ORTLY AFT]W>DS4 ,A BULLET HAD /RUCK HIM 9 ! ABDOM54 ,W\ND$1 HE TRI$ TO HOLD HIMSELF UP1 CL++ ON TO A %UTT]4 ,ANO!R1 SLI<TLY W\ND$1 WANT$ TO HELP HIM1 !N ONE 9 UNI=M TURN$ UP & %OT BO? ( !M4 ,EMILIO ,BEV]B]I1 #c YE>S1 WORK]1 EX-P>TISAN3 SPLIT 9 TWO BY MA*9E GUN FIRE4 ,WORK] ,AFRO ,TONDELLI1 #ce YE>S1 IS COLDLY MURD]$ BY A POLICEMAN :O GETS D[N ON HIS KNEES TO TAKE ACCURATE AIM & %OOTS A SITT+ T>GET40 

,AFT]W>DS1 ON ! ORD]S ( ! POLICE *IEFS !MSELVES & ON ! M&ATE ( ! EXPLOIT]S1 ! HOMICIDAL TACTIC ( ! POLICE IS MODIFI$ 9 ! S5SE ( A MORE SUBTLE REF9EM5T4 ,IT IS NO CO9CID5CE1 9 FACT1 ?AT EV5 9 ! MO/ ACUTE MOM5TS ( T5SION !RE HAVE BE5 NO MORE MASS MASSACRES 9 ! /REETS4 ,FROM ! DOZ5S & DOZ5S ( DEA?S 9 ! YE>S #df -- #e1 IT W5T TO ! ELEV5 DEA?S ( #aif 7PEAK YE> ( WORK] /RUGGLES71 RI<T TO #aigb ) A FEW DEA?S A YE>4 ,9 RECOMP5SE ! /RATEGY ( T5SION WAS DEVELOP$1 AIM$ AT 9VOLV+ ! LEFT & AT C>RY+ \T A C\P D'ETAT ) ! PROV$ COMPLICITY ( C]TA9 9/ITUTIONAL ORGANISMS4 ,FROM ! DEA? ( ,PAOLO ,ROSSI 9 ,APRIL #a#i#f#f1 TO ! DEA? ( ! F\R COMMUNI/ COMRADES 9 ,APRIL #a#i#g#e1 ANO!R TE*NIQUE ( KILL+ WAS 9TRODUC$4 ,! ASSASS9S 9 ! S]VICE ( ! BOSSES HAVE /RUCK POOR UNDEF5D$ PEOPLE DUR+ V>I\S BOMB+S 9 BANKS & 9 TRA9S ) ! AIM ( PU%+ ! GREAT MASS T[>DS ?AT ORD] :I*1 AT 9/ITUTIONAL LEVEL1 ! FASCI/S & BOSSES HAD MADE !MSELVES ! PALAD9S (4 ,IF ON ! ONE H& ! ELECTORAL RESPONSE HAS BE5 SU* AS TO R5D] ALL ?SE ATTEMPTS & ALL !SE MASSACRES USELESS1 IT CANNOT BE D5I$ ?AT1 AT LEA/ FROM #aifi TO #a#i#g#c1 ?IS NEW WAY ( KILL+ PEOPLE MANAG$ TO KEEP ! GOV]NM5T %IP AFLOAT4 ,BUT IT HAD ANO!R EFFECT4 ,!RE IS AN ABYSS BETWE5 ! REACTION ( ! COMMUNI/ P>TY AT ! TIME1 = EXAMPLE1 TO ! ATTACK ON ,TOGLIATTI & !IR REACTION ON ! OCCASION ( ! KILL+ ( ! F\R COMRADES 9 ,APRIL TWO YE>S AGO4 ,9 ! MORE REC5T $ITION1 ,B]L+U] TURN$ UP 9 A D\BLE BREAS$ SUIT1 TO VISIT ,MORO TO EXPOSE HIS LAM5TATIONS1 & TO ?IS F>SE WAS ADD$ ! /RIKE ( A FEW H\RS H]E & !RE & A V]Y DI/9CTIVE =MAL DEBATE 9 ! H\SE4 ,:AT MATT]S IS ! ELECTORAL RESULT1 ONCE ?AT IS SAFE :O C>ES IF COMRADES >E DY+1 KILL$ BY ! VIOL5CE ( ! BOSSES & !IR S]VANTS4 ,SO LONG AS NO?+ DI/URBS ! IDYLL1 ( P[] EV]Y HUMAN SACRIFICE TO ?IS SANGU9>Y GOD IS CONS5T$ & EXALT$4 

,IT HAS BE5 PROV$ ?AT 9 ?IS /RATEGY ( T5SION ! FASCI/S HAVE BE5 US$ BY ! BOSSES 9 COLLABORATION ) ! ?REE 0/ATE ORGANISMS03 ! >MY1 ! JUDICI>Y1 ! GOV]NM5T4 ,! >MY HAS US$ ITS SPECIAL CORPS4 ,LIKE ! SECRET S]VICES & ! POLICE 79 ?IS S5SE IMPROP]LY1 WE >E 9CLUD+ ! :OLE ( ! POLICE & NOT ONLY ! C>AB9I]I & ! >MY71 TO EXT5D ! WEB ( ! V>I\S PLOTS1 TO /RIKE AT ! LEVEL ( RAIDS1 9TIMIDATION & ! EXECUTION ( A NUMB] ( ELEM5TS ( ! LEFT1 9 P>TICUL> AN>*I/S2 TO MA9TA9 CONTACTS ) O!R ,/ATES AT ! LEVEL ( ! SECRET S]VICES4 ,! JUDICI>Y HAS EMPLOY$ ITS MO/ TRU/$ JUDGES TO 0ADVOCATE0 ! MO/ ?ORNY PROCE$+S1 ?W>T+ ! 9VE/IGATIONS ( ! FASCI/S CONC]N+ ! ,MILAN BOMB+S1 REVOK+ SUP]9T5D5T ,JULIANO :O HAD TRI$ TO D5\NCE ! FASCI/S1 %ELV+ .<FASCI/.> ,FR$A'S TELEPHONE REGI/RATIONS1 BL[+ UP ! UNEXPECT$ BOMB AT ! ,COMM]CIAL ,BANK 9 ,MILAN1 ?US GETT+ RID ( ! H&LE ( ! RECEIPT MA*9E SAV$ FROM ! EXPLOSION1 & SO ON4 ,! GOV]NM5T GAVE ! NECESS>Y AU?ORIZATION 79 ! CASE ( ! ,COMMISS>IO ,JULIAN1 ,FAIS HIMSELF DECL>$ HE HAD RECEIV$ ORD]S FROM ! HOME M9I/RY71 ORGANIZ+ ! COMPLEX OP]ATION ( BALANC+ OPPOS$ EXTREMISMS1 ?R[+ 9TO ! BOIL] ( VIOL5CE & A LONG /R+ ( KILL+S1 EV]Y POSSIBLE MEANS & EXP$I5T TO CONT9UE TO MANAGE A P[] ?AT WAS ?REAT5+ TO LEAK ON ALL SIDES4 ,AS WE %ALL SEE FUR!R ON1 ! GOV]NM5T COMPLICITY IS NOT ONLY AT A POLITICAL LEVEL BUT REA*ES GREAT] EFFICI5CY AT ! ECONOMIC ONE1 CONTRIBUT+ TO ! SY/EMATIC !FT C>RI$ \T AT ! CO/ ( ALL ! EXPLOIT$4 

,! *>GES AGA9/ ! WORK]S SUDD5LY 9CREAS$ :5 ! /RUGGLES = ! SQUATT+ 9 ,CELIO 9 ,ROME & ,MAC,MAHON 9 ,MILAN TOOK PLACE & ONCE AGA9 ! A=EM5TION$ ASSASS9S W]E SE5 GO+ TO ! ATTACK ( WOM5 & *ILDR5 ) !IR USUAL NON*ALANCE4 

,ANO!R 0DEMOCRATIC0 *>ACT]I/IC ( ! PIGS ( ANY UNI=M IS ! USE ( TORTURE AGA9/ >RE/$ PROLET>IANS4 ,LELIO ,BASSO 7:O C]TA9LY CANNOT BE ACCUS$ ( EXTREMISM7 WRITES3 0444:5 SOMEONE FROM ! PRIVILEG$ SOCIAL CATEGORIES IS >RE/$ = A COMMON CRIME1 & ,I AM US+ ! WORD 9 A V]Y WIDE S5SE1 HE CAN BE SURE ( GO+ FREE FROM CO]CIVE MEASURES1 EV5 IF HE 9SI/S ON D5Y+4 ,IMAG9E A DIPLOMAT ,G4 OR A C\NTESS ,B41 OR A SIR ,L41 OR 9DU/RIAL ,X41 OR CIVIL S]VANT ,Y41 UND]GO+ SU* TREATM5T60 ,9 FACT1 TORTURE IS ! ORD] ( ! DAY4 ,9 ! B>RACKS1 ! PRISONS1 ! CRIM9AL ASYLUMS1 ORPHANAGES4 ,! VIRTU\S B\RGEOIS PRET5D ?AT !Y DO NOT KN[ AB\T ! 9/ITUTIONAL IMPORTANCE ( TORTURE4 ,!Y >E HORRIFI$ AT ! MISDE$S ( ! ,OLD ,9QUISITION1 CLAIM+ ?AT !Y DO NOT KN[ ?AT ?AT 0PRAISEWOR?Y0 9/ITUTION HAS NEV] CEAS$ OP]AT+4 ,!Y >E AFRAID 9 ! FACE ( ! ,NAZI CREMATORIUM OV5S1 PRET5D+ !Y DO NOT KN[ ?AT ! PRISON CAMPS = ! F9AL SOLUTION ALWAYS EXI/1 EV5 9 \R C\NTRY1 & !Y >E P>TICUL>LY EFFICI5T4 ,BUT LET US SPEAK ( TORTURE = A MOM5T4 

,9 AN OLD TEXT ( #aggg 7,V4 ,MAL]BA 0,RAGIONAM5TO SOPRA LA TORTURA071 WE READ ON PAGE #c#f1 0,TORTURE IS C>RI$ \T NOT 9 PUNI%M5T ( A CRIME ! AU?OR ( :I* IS NOT KN[N1 BUT TO GET \T ( ! M\? ( ! ACCUS$ ! TRU?1 :I* = ! WEAKNESS ( REASON & 9CON/ANCE1 CUNN+ & FALS5ESS ( WITNESSES (T5 LIES HIDD5 9 ! D>KNESS ( UNC]TA9TY04 

,& FUR!R ON1 PAGES #a#h-#a#i1 0,BUT ONE CONC$ES TO ! ADV]S>Y ?AT A TORTUR$ 9NOC5T GIVES 9 TO PA9 & DECL>ES HIMSELF GUILTY1 9 ! CASE UND] EXAM9ATION1 9 :I* TORTURE WAS ORD]$ BY ! JUDGE ) ALL ! CONDITIONS ?AT IMPLIES4 ,:AT'S = !M8 ,TO ! R>ITY ( ?IS EXAMPLE ,I OPPOSE ! PUBLIC UTILITY RESULT+ FROM ! LAW ( TORTURE4 ,I W\LD SAY MORE1 ?AT ! 9CONV5I5CE ( SUBJECT+ AN 9NOC5T MAN1 :O 9 ! TORM5T CONFESSES TO A CRIME1 %\LD NOT BE ATTRIBUT$ TO ! 9JU/ICE & B>B>ITY ( TORTURE1 BUT TO A GUILTY WEAKNESS1 & ! LACK ( A VIRTU\S /R5G?4 ,PATI5CE IS A DUTY1 AN 9DISP5SABLE DUTY4 ,! 9NOC5T CONDEMN$ TO TORM5T MU/ ACCEPT ) RESIGNATION & SUFF] ) TOL]ANCE ALL ! SUFF]+S1 LIKE A SLAVE1 :I* B5D HIS %\LD] UND] ! LA%1 :I* /RIKES HIM1 MAK+ ( HIS ILLS A MEANS = ACQUIR+ GOOD04 

.<444.> 

,:AT WE SAID IS NO MORE ?AN A T5U\S CLAIM CONC]N+ ! VIOL5CE ( ! BOSSES & !IR S]VANTS4 ,WECAN F9D O!R ASPECTS 9 :AT ,I CALL 9DIRECT VIOL5CE4 ,! !FTS ( ! POLITICIANS1 ! MAFIA ORGANIZ$ AT ,/ATE LEVEL1 ECONOMIC SPECULATION C>RI$ \T TO ! DETRIM5T ( ! PROLET>IAT1 CON/ITUTE HIDD5 BUT JU/ AS EFFECTIVE & DANG]\S VIOL5CE ?AN ! UNCOV]$ K9D ?AT /RIKES ! 9DIVIDUAL4 

,! 9DIRECT VIOL5CE ( ! BOSSES & !IR S]VANTS 

,! 0MAFIA0 IS NOT A ,SICILIAN PH5OM5ON4 ,IT IS A WAY ( SEE+ ?+S1 A WAY ( BUILD+ RELATION%IPS & SOLV+ PROBLEMS FROM A P]SPECTIVE ?AT C\LD BE CALL$ 0FEUDAL40 ,! ,MAFIA ORGANIZATION P> EXCELL5CE TODAY IS ! L>GE ,/ATE MANAG]IAL COMPANY1 BUT MORE AB\T ?AT LAT]4 ,= N[1 WE C>E H[ ! OLD MAFIA =MS >E US$ AT ! LEVEL ( POLITICAL P[]4 ,! ANTIMAFIA /ORIES >E TRULY & DEEPLY HUMOR\S4 ,A NOTORI\S MOB/] LIKE ,GIOIA IS A M9I/] ( \R GOV]NM5T4 ,9 ! CLA% BETWE5 POLICE SUP]9T5D5T ,MANGANO & ! MAFIOSO ,COPPOLA1 PEOPLE >E NOT SURE :E!R TO ALMO/ GIVE PREF]5CE TO4 ! LATT] 9 T]MS ( HONE/Y4 ,V]Y OBSCURE ASPECTS LURK 9 ! ,COMMISS>IO'S PA/4 ,CONNECTIONS BETWE5 DRUG TRAFFICK+ & ! OLD ,MAFIA HAVE BE5 E/ABLI%$1 AS WELL AS L9KS BETWE5 ! LATT] & C]TA9 POLITICAL CIRCLES1 FROM :I* C\LD BE 9F]R$ A SPECIFIC 9T]E/ 9 DRUG TRAFFICK+ ( MANY ( \R M5 ( P[]4 ,BUT WE >E ONLY JU/ BEG9N+4 ,! ,S9DONA SC&AL HAS %[N US H[ C]TA9 POLITICAL CIRCLES WORK1 C]TA9 BANKS1 C]TA9 ,/ATE 9DU/RIAL SOCIETIES1 C]TA9 9T]NATIONAL HOLD+S4 ,LET'S />T ) A 0CLEAN0 JOB 4 ,ITALY IS ! EI<? EXPORT] ( WEAPONS1 AFT] ! ,U,S,A1 ! ,SOVIET ,UNION1 ,BRITA91 ,FRANCE1 ,CANADA1 ,*9A1 & ,WE/ ,G]MANY4 7,REPORT ( ,/OCKHOLM ,9T]NATIONAL ,PEACE ,RESE>* ,9/ITUTE74 ,S9CE ! FIR/ F\R C\NTRIES >E GRABB+ NE>LY #i.0 ( ! WORLD M>KET1 ! RE/ MU/ BE DIVID$ BETWE5 ! REMA9+ PRODUC]S1 H5CE A DEADLY COMBAT4 ,! SOLUTION IS TO SELL TO ! 0DIFFICULT0 C\NTRIES1 SO ,ITALY IS SUPPLI] ( >MS TO ,S\? ,AFRICA 7AIRPLANES & NAVAL FIRE CONTROL71 ,BRAZIL 7AIRPLANES71 ,>G5T9A 7AIRPLANES7 ! =M] ,PORTUGAL 7AIRPLANES & FIRE>MS71 ,ISRAEL 7HELICOPT]S & ANTI-TANK MISSILES71 0,CONGO-,K9%ASA 7PLANES7 ! OLD ,GREECE 7HELICOPT]S71 ,SPA9 7HELICOPT]S71 & SO ON4 ,AS Y\ CAN SEE WE GIVE A CONSID]ABLE A CONTRIBUTION TO ! MASSACRE ( ! PEOPLE ?AT >E UND] FASCI/ OPPRESSION4 ,! LOSS ( ! ,PORTUGUESE & ,GREEK M>KETS WILL BE A BIG BL[4 ,SOME ( \R 9DU/RIALI/S >E WELL KN[N SPONSORS ( NATIONAL & 9T]NATIONAL FASCISM4 ,AP>T FROM ! #a#h1#e1 LIRE ?AT ,MONTI GAVE TO ,RAUTI1 :I* !RE IS EVID5CE (1 !RE IS A CONT9U\S FL[ ( FUND+ ?AT HAS PRODUC$ SU* PH5OM5A AS 7FUND$ BY ,PIAGGIO74 

,! SC&AL ( ! SUG> TELLS US H[ ! SOCIETIES 7L$ BY ,PIAGGIO & ,MONTI1 ! SAME :O FUND$ ! FASCI/S7 PAID SEV]AL BILLION LIRE TO ,*RI/IAN ,DEMOCRATS & ,SOCIALI/S4 ,BUT FROM LA/ YE> TILL N[1 EV]Y?+ HAS PROCE$$ AS BE=E4 ,A FEW MON?S AFT] ! SC&AL ( ! SUG> IT WAS ! TURN ( ! ,MONT$ISON TO ESCAPE ! PRICE BLOCK BY IMPLEM5T+ UP TO #e.0 9CREASES4 ,IT IS TRULY ! K+DOM ( ?IEVES4 ,! F9ANCIAL MANAGEM5T ( L>GE ORGANIZATIONS SU* AS ,5,E,L OR ,E,G,A,M IS A MY/]Y ?AT C\LD BE 9VE/IGAT$4 ,! DEFICIT 9 #aigc WAS #bfh BILLION1 ?AT ( #a#i#g#d1 #g#e1 ?AT ( #aige IS =ECA/ AS #af BILLION1 ?AT ( #ai< IS =ECA/ AS #a#f3#h BILLION4 ,?IS IS ONE ( ! MO/ OBVI\S CASES1 BUT !RE >E LESS %[Y ONES SU* AS ?AT ( ! ,E,S,P OR SU* AS ! <O/ BANKS ?AT ORIG9ATE !N DISAPPE> ) ALL ! SAV+S ( ! DEPOSITORS4 ,BUT :AT CAN WE EXPECT 9 A POLITICAL REALITY ?AT MOVES A NOTORI\S PIMP LIKE ,B]NABEI FROM ! ,TELEVISION TO ! *AIR ( ! ,ITAL/AT1 9/EAD ( AT LEA/ LEAV+ HIM TO FALL 9TO A VOID8 

,BUT ALL ( !SE OP]ATIONS HAVE ONE CLE> MEAN+3 !Y ID5TIFY NOT SO MU* A DISEASE ( ! ,ITALIAN 9/ITUTIONS 9 ! CURR5T YE> #a#i#g#e1 A DISEASE ?AT %\LD BE TREAT$ 9 ONE WAY OR ANO!R1 AS A *RONIC FAILURE ( ! B\RGEOIS DEMOCRATIC 9/ITUTIONS4 ,FALSELY DEMOCRATIC 9/ITUTIONS ?AT HAVE ! SOLE AIM ( EXPLOIT+ ! PROLET>IAT ?R\< VIOL5CE & R$UC+ IT TO CONS5SUS ?R\< ANY MEANS ( CONV9C+4 

,! 9DIRECT VIOL5CE ( ! BOSSES & !IR S]VANTS PRODUCES AN 9CREASE 9 EXPLOITATION1 ! 9CR$IBLE ACCUMULATION ( WEAL? ON ONE SIDE ( ! F5CE & ! =MATION ( POCKETS ( APPALL+ POV]TY ON ! O!R4 ,IT ALSO PRODUCES ! NE$ TO PROTECT !SE RI*ES FROM ! ATTACK ( ! EXPLOIT$1 H5CE A NEW ?RU/ ( PHYSICAL VIOL5CE AGA9/ C#aASS ( PRODUC]S4 ,PHYSICAL VIOL5CE & ECONOMIC VIOL5CE CANNOT BE SEP>AT$ BUT WALK TOGE!R1 ! ONE AFFECT+ ! O!R & COMPLET+ ! FRAMEWORK ( ! REACTION>Y FRONT ( ! CLASS W>4 

,PROLET>IAN DEF5SE 

,! WORK]S ORGANIZE CLASS DEF5SE4 ,! UNIONS %\LD BE ! ESS5TIAL /RUCTURE ( ?IS DEF5SE1 COORD9AT$ AT REPRES5TATIVE LEVEL ) ! POLITICAL P>TIES ( ! WORK]S4 ,9 ESS5CE1 ?IS =M ( DEF5SE HAS V]Y GREAT LIMITATIONS4 ,EV5 EXCLUD+ ! DECID$LY REACTION>Y GR\PS ( TRADE UNIONS !RE >E ALSO ELEM5TS ( COLLABORATION 9 ! C5TRAL UNIONS ?AT APPE> TO BE MORE PROGRESSIVE4 ,! DEF5SE ( ! WORKPLACE IMPLI$ 9 ! RE=MI/ DEM&S = IMPROVEM5T1 LEAD1 9 MOM5TS ( CRISIS1 TO SAFEGU>D+ NOT ONLY ! WORK] BUT ALSO ! ORGANIZATION ( EXPLOITATION4 ,POLITICAL P>TIES1 :I* CAME 9TO ! GOV]NM5T1 HAVE ALTOGE!R DISC>D$ !IR PROLET>IAN COV]+1 HOV]+ 9 ! CONTROL ROOM TRY+ TO POSITION !MSELVES BETT] TO GET A %>E ( ! PIE4 ,F9ALLY1 ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY R5\NC$ ALL ! FEATURES ( ! OLD REVOLUTION>Y P>TY1 EV5 ! LESS COMPROMIS+ PURELY !ORETICAL ONES4 

,BUT EXPLOITATION IS PAID DIRECTLY ON ! BACKS ( ! WORK]S & NOT ?OSE ( !IR PRIVILEG$ TRADE UNION REPRES5TATIVES & POLITICIANS1 SO IT (T5 OCCURS ?AT ! LATT] >E OV]TAK5 BY 9ITIATIVES ( ! EXPLOIT$ & >E =C$ TO SCRAMBLE = RECOV]Y OP]ATIONS4 ,9 ESS5CE1 PROLET>IAN DEF5SE CONSI/S ( A LEGALI/IC >EA 7TRADE UNIONS & LEFTI/ P>TIES71 :I* MA9TA9 A RELATION%IP ) P[] ?AT CAN BE DEF9$ COLLABORATION4 ,?IS IS NOT ! PLACE TO EXAM9E ! PROBLEM ( ! TRUE C\NT]-REVOLUTION>Y ESS5CE ( ?IS LAW-ABID+ >EA1 H[EV]1 IT IS AN OB/ACLE IF ONLY ON AN (FICIAL LEVEL = P[]4 ,9 ADDITION1 PROLET>IAN DEF5SE BEG9S TO ORGANIZE ITSELF >\ND AUTONOM\S GR\PS ?AT REJECT ! LOGIC ( TRADE UNION ASSOCIATIONS & POLITICAL P>TIES4 

,9 ,TUR91 ,MILAN1 ,ROME1 ,M><]A1 ,PORD5ONE1 ,FLOR5CE1 ,NAPLES1 ETC44 AN ALT]NATIVE )9 ! SAME WORK+-CLASS MOVEM5T HAS DEVELOP$ 9 REC5T YE>S 1 :I* 9VOLV$ ACTIVE M9ORITIES & VANGU>DS ( DIFF]5T K9DS4 ,VANGU>DI/ /RUCTURES ( A ,M>XI/-,L59I/ *>ACT] AS WELL AS ACTIVE M9ORITIES ( A LIB]T>IAN *>ACT]4 ,IT IS 9 ?IS P]SPECTIVE ?AT ! ACTIONS ( ! REVOLUTION>Y GR\PS :O W5T 9TO CL&E/9ITY TO FI<T ! BOSSES & !IR S]VANTS >MS 9 H& %\LD BE CONSID]$4 ,IT MAKES NO S5SE TO SAY ?AT !SE 0MANIFE/ATIONS ( VIOL5CE0 >E AGA9/ ! 9T]E/S ( ! WORK]S' MOVEM5T1 UNREALI/IC & ADV5TUR\S1 & OBJECTIVELY PROVOCATORY4 ,! >M$ /RUGGLE 9 CAPITALI/ SOCIETIES SU* AS ,ITALY1 ,G]MANY1 ,BRITA91 ,FRANCE1 IS POSSIBLE & HAS BE5 DEMON/RAT$ BY GR\PS LIKE ! ,R$ ,BRIGADES1 ! ,N,A,P1 ,R,A,F41 ! ,ANGRY ,BRIGADE1 ! ,G,>,I4 ,IT IS NOT A QUE/ION ( ADV5TURI/ POSITIONS BUT POSITIONS ?AT FOLL[ LOGICALLY FROM ! SAME /RUGGLES ( ! EXPLOIT$4 

,LET'S EXAM9E ?IS DIFFICULT PO9T3 ,! LABOR MOVEM5T CREATES /RUGGLES UND] ! PRESSURE ( A GR[+ CLASS CONSCI\SNESS1 (T5 !SE /RUGGLES >E BEYOND ! CONTROL ( MANAG]S1 = BO? LOCAL & ACCID5TAL REASONS1 & BECAUSE WORK]S >E LOS+ !IR CONFID5CE 9 ! TRADE UNIONS CADRES & POLITICAL P>TIES3 ,!SE EXP]I5CES ( AUTONOM\S /RUGGLE1 WILD1 DE/RUCTIVE1 GRASP+ ! ESS5CE ( CAPITALI/ EXPLOITATION3 MURD] & ROBB]Y2 BECOME ! PATRIMONY ( ! POLITICALLY AW>E M9ORITY :O SEEK1 EA* 9 !IR [N POLITICAL P]SPECTIVE TO DEVELOP IT FUR!R4 ,& H]E LIES ! CRITICAL MOM5T4 ,9 FACT1 9 ! CLA% BETWE5 ! CLASSES1 ! HOLD] ( ! P[] 9DICATES ! POSSIBLE LIMITS ( ! CONFLICT1 ! SO-CALL$ LIMITS ( LEGALITY1 :I* :5 EXCE$$ ! REPRESSIVE ME*ANISM SETS (F4 ,9 ?IS WAY1 ! ACTIVE M9ORITY1 TAK+ ! WEAL? ( EXP]I5CE ?AT COMES FROM ! AUTONOM\S /RUGGLES ( ! EXPLOIT$1 TRY TO GO =W>D1 TO BE A PO9T ( REF]5CE1 AN 9DICATION1 BUT 9 DO+ SO & =C$ TO RADICALIZE !IR [N POSITION AGA9/ ! REPRESSIVE ME*ANISMS ( ! ,/ATE4 ,?IS IS PU%$ TO ! EXTREME LIMITS1 TO >M$ DEF5SE AGA9/ ! MA*9E GUN ( ! POLICE1 UP ! ATTACK TO SURVIVE1 UNTIL DEA?4 ,TO SAY ?AT ! EXP]I5CES ( >M$ /RUGGLE 9 ,ITALY & ,EUROPE TODAY >E EXP]I5CES OR*E/RAT$ BY ! RI<T1 FASCI/ PROVOCATIVE & CRIM9AL EXP]I5CES1 IS CRIM9AL & WOR?Y ONLY ( ! CL[NS & ! SOLD \T ( ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY1 NOT ONLY BECAUSE IT (F5DS ! SACRIFICE ( SO MANY COMRADES ?AT (F] !IR LIVES = !IR COMMUNI/ IDEAL1 BUT1 & ,I W\LD SAY MA9LY1 BECAUSE !Y D5Y ANY FUR!R REVOLUTION>Y \TLET TO ! EXP]I5CES ( ! BASE ( ! PROLET>IAT 9 /RUGGLE4 

,TAK+ 9TO CONSID]ATION4 ,! CLOS] ESP]I5CE ( ! ,R$ ,BRIGADES WE MU/1 FIR/ ( ALL1 SAY ?AT WE CANNOT AGREE ) ! G5]AL POLITICAL L9E 7,M>XI/-,L59I/7 HELD BY !M1 AL?\< WE MU/ ADMIT ?AT IT IS ! MO/ SUBSEQU5T ,M>XI/ REVOLUTION>Y GR\P ACT+ 9 ,ITALY TODAY4 ,AP>T FROM ?IS1 WE MU/ RECOGNIZE ! VALIDITY ( !IR ACTIONS1 A JUDGM5T ?AT CANNOT BE CONTRADICT$ ONCE IT IS PLAC$ 9 ! RI<T REVOLUTION>Y P]SPECTIVE4 ,! T]RORI/ VIOL5CE ( ! BOSSES & !IR S]VANTS IS CON/ANTLY 9 ACT1 EV]Y DAY WORK]S >E SY/EMATICALLY KILL$ AT ! WORKPLACE1 EV]Y DAY 9 ! PRISONS1 CRIM9AL ASYLUMS1 9 BEFOTR(I1 PROLET>IANS & *ILDR5 ( PROLET>IANS EXP]I5CE ?AT VIOL5CE ?AT WELL F$ RE=MI/S KN[ ONLY BY HE>SAY4 ,AGA9/ ?IS SY/EM ?AT MAKES TORTURE & T]ROR ! TWO ESS5TIAL F\NDATIONS ( PRODUCTION1 ONE CANNOT REMA9 AT ! /AGE ( PEACEFUL PROTE/1 WE CANNOT CONT9UE TO ATT5D ! VISITS ( ,MR4 ,B]L+U] 9 D\BLE-BREA/ TO PROTE/ TO ! MURD]]S ?AT FROM BEH9D ,P>LIAM5T>Y IMMUNITY AU?ORIZE & CALL = ! MASSACRE ( ! WORK]S4 ,AL?\< MANY COMRADES BELONG TO ! EXTRA-P>LIAM5T>Y MOVEM5TS & NOT A FEW AN>*I/S FAC$ ) ! PROBLEM ( >M$ /RUGGLE PRON\NCE AGA9/ !M4 ,:51 9 A S+LE ISSUE1 9 #a#i#g#b1 WE SPOKE ( IT AS AN 9ESCAPABLE NE$ ?AT WAS NE$$ TO BE /UDI$ & CONSID]$1 AS AN 9DISP5SABLE F9AL %[D[N ) ! FASCI/ & CL]ICAL =CES1 WE RECEIV$ A B>RAGE ( CRITICISM & ACCUSATIONS1 EV5 REA*+ ! PO9T ( ACCUS+ US ( BE+ PROVOCATEURS4 ,BUT ! TRU? IS ?AT EV5 )9 ! EXTRA-P>LIAM5T>Y =CES & ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T !RE IS A PR$OM9ANT PACIFI/ CURR5T ?AT CONT9UES TO DELUDE ITSELF TO SAVE 9 ?IS WAY1 A SPACE ( POLITICAL FRE$OM ?AT P[] CAN ANNUL AT ANY TIME4 

,WE >E NOT CONC]N$ H]E TO DEF5D ! WORK ( ! ,R$ ,BRIGADES1 JU/ AS WE >E NOT 9T]E/$ 9 !ORIZ+ 9 ABSOLUTE ! UTILITY OR NEGATIVITY ( >M$ /RUGGLE 9 ,ITALY4 ,WE JU/ WANT TODRAW ATT5TION TO ! FACT ?AT 9 \R CURR5T SITUATION1 9 ! FACE ( TORTURE1 ABUSE1 EXPLOITATION1 MURD]1 !RE IS SOME?+ MOV+1 A WILL TO ORGANIZE & /RUGGLE4 ,ANO!R GR\P1 MU* MORE PROBLEMATIC ?AN ! ,R$ ,BRIGADES1 IS MADE UP ( ! ,N,A,P4 ,NOT MU* IS KN[N ( ?IS ORGANIZATION1 AP>T FROM A FEW FLI]S DI/RI BUT$1 ONE ( :I* IS PUBLI%$ AMONG ! DOCUM5TS AT ! BOTTOM ( ?IS FILE4 ,! SPECIFIC FIELD ( ACTION >E ! PRISONS4 ,:Y8 ,ON ?IS SUBJECT A RHETORIC ( ! OCCASION W\LD BE EASY3 ,! REALITY IS MU* MORE %OCK+4 ,TORTURE1 PHYSICAL & MORAL #a'ANNIHILATION1 KILL+S1 ! USE ( B$ RE/RA9TS1 SUDD5 TRANSF]S1 ?REATS1 ISOLATION4 ,PRISON CAN BE A PLACE ( RE/ & QUIET1 ALMO/ A RESORT = ! MAFIA FRI5DS ( ! POLITICIANS OR = SPIES :O COLLABORATE3 IT BECOMES HELL = REBELS & REPRES5TATIVES ( ! ACTIVE M9ORITY ( ! PROLET>IAT4 ,9 ?IS REALITY REVOLUTION>Y PROPAG&A HAS ALWAYS FL\RI%$4 ,TODAY1 IT F9DS /ILL EASI] GR\ND BO? DUE TO ! L>GE NUMB] ( COMRADES :O HAVE 5T]$ PRISON 9 REC5T YE>S1 & = ! RE=MS1 QUITE IMPRACTICABLE1 ?A?AVE BE5 VOT$ BY P>LIAM5T1 ALIKE ! LA/ ONES ?AT L$ TO ! EV5TS ( ,REBIBBIA4 ,! ,N4,A4,P4 HAVE TRI$ TO WORK 9 ! REBELLI\S P]SPECTIVE ( PRISONS & A NUMB] ( !IR MEMB]S HAVE FALL5 9 ! C\RSE ( GUN BATTLES ) ! POLICE OR KILL$ 9 MY/]I\S CIRCUM/ANCES4 ,BUT BEYOND ! ,R$ ,BRIGADES & ! ,N,A,P41 ?AT CO/ITUTE TWO GL>+ EXAMPLES ( H[ ! =CES ( SOME ( ! ACTIVE M9ORITIES ORGANIZE1 9 ! FIELD ( >M$ /RUGGLE !RE >E A MYRIAD ( SMALL ACTIONS ON !IR [N1 ( /RUGGLES AGA9/ ! BOSSES & !IR S]VANTS1 :I* UND] ! SIGN ( AUTONOMY 5COMPASSE REPORTABLE DIRECT ACTION4 ,9 ?IS P]SPECTIVE1 ! DISC\RSE IS /ILL COMPLETELY OP54 

,! TACTICS 

,9 #aifi ,BAAD] WROTE3 ,! SUB/ANCE ( ! POSITION ( ,G]MAN REVOLUTION>IES1 IS !RE=E ?AT ( ! >M$ DEF5SE ( PROLET>IAN /RUGGLES4 ,9/EAD1 ! CRITIQUE ( ! RE=MI/ ORGANIZATIONS WANT$ TO SEE ! CLAIM4 ,TO IMPOSE ONLY ONE TACTIC3 >M$ /RUGGLE4 ,9/EAD ! 9DICATION ?AT REA*$ US FROM ! ORGANIZATIONS ?AT WORK UND]GR\ND IS ?AT NEXT TO ! /RUGGLES ( ! EXPLOIT$1 EV5 MANIPULAT$ BY ! UNIONS & P>TIES1 9 ADDITION TO ACTION = CL>IFICATION ( ! SUB/ANTIVE C\NT]REVOLUTION>Y ROLE ?AT !SE BODIES C>RY \T1 9 ADDITION TO ! TASK ( CL>IFICATION AB\T ! NEW =MS ( REPRESSION1 %\LD BE DEVELOP$ DEF5SE ORGANIZATIONS ( ! PROLET>IAT1 ORGANIZATIONS CAPABLE ( ADDRESS+ FUTURE WORK & TO S]VE AS A CONTROL 9 RESPECT ( ! REACTION>Y ATTEMPTS TO SEIZE P[] ) ! HELP ( ! FASCI/S44 ,:AT IS EM]G+ FROM ! TACTICS ( ! URBAN GU]RILLA GR\PS 9 ,ITALY TODAY IS A PLURALI/IC MESSAGE4 ,!Y DO NOT D5Y ! NE$ -- 9 ! CURR5T /ATE ( CAPITALI/ DEVELOPM5T -- ( ! WORK] /RUGGLES1 BUT AT ! SAME TIME1 D5\NC$ AS MURD]1 ANY ATTEMPT TO CUT (F ! MEANS ( DEF5SE ( ! PROLET>IAT4 ,9 ! EV5T ( A PHYSICAL CONFRONTATION ) ! REACTION & ) ! FASCI/S ?\S&S ( COMRADES W\LD BE UNNECESS>ILY SACRIFIC$ TO ! CURR5T DELIB]ATE OBTUS5ESS ( ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY LEAD]S & HANG]S ON4 

,AS WE SAW 9 ?IS SAME >TICLE1 ! CLAIMS ( A POSSIBLE MILIT>Y & FASCI/ SOLUTION1 ) ! PROTECTIVE 9T]V5TION ( ! ,C,I,A1 BECOME MU* /RONG] AS ! ELECTORAL ?REAT ( ! ,P,C,I GETS GREAT] & !IR ASSURANCE NOT TO %[ !IR TEE? GETS MORE 9]$IBILI4 ,! BOSSES EV5 IF !Y CAN ALSO HAVE FAI? 9 ?OSE SOLD \T LIKE ,B]L+U] & P>TN]S1 CANNOT DELUDE !MSELVES ?AT ! BASE IS AS MALLEABLE1 NOT ALL HAV+ DONN$ ! D\BLE-BREA/$4 ,FROM ! GAME ( ! BALANCE ( OPPOSITES 7JU/ AS VALID AS ! S*EME ( OPPOS$ EXTREMI/S7 A LOT MORE EFFICI5T ATTEMPTS = A SOLUTION 9 ! C\P S5SE C\LD EM]GE4 ,9 ?AT CASE A FEW DOZ5 H]OES W\LD NOT SOLVE ANY?+ & ?\S&S ( COMRADES W\LD 5D UP MASSACR$4 ,! TACTICS ( ! GU]RILLA >MY 9 ,ITALY TODAY SPO9TS TO ! DANG]S ( A ',*ILI' SITUATION SUITABLE = \R C\NTRY4,BUT1 SUPPOSE1 = ! SAKE ( >GUM5T1 ! OPPOSITE EV5TUALITY3 ! 5D ( EV]Y C\P ASPIRATION2 ELIM9ATION 7IE CUTT+ FUND+7 ( ! FASCI/S1 ,COMMUNI/ ADM9I/RATION4 ,! EXPLOIT$ FALL5 9TO A DIFF]5T ABYSS ALWAYS ) NO WAY \T4 

,IDEOLOGICAL COV] TO MAKE ONE %UDD]4 ,R$ FLAGS & PATRIOTIC SONGS AT FULL BLA/4 ,BUT EV5 MORE REF9$ & CRUEL EXPLOITATION & G5OCIDE 9 ! WORKPLACE BECAUSE 7APP>5TLY MANAG$ BY ! SAME WORK]S =CES74 ,9 ?IS P]SPECTIVE1 ! REVOLUTION>Y DISC\RSE W\LD BE EQUALLY VALID3 NO LONG] AGA9/ FASCI/ DICTATOR%IP1 BUT AGA9/ ANO!R NO LESS T]RIBLE DICTATOR%IP EV5 ?\< ( A DIFF]5T COLOR4 ,! ATTEMPT TO DIS>M -- NOT ONLY PHYSICALLY BUT ALSO PSY*OLOGICALLY -- ! MASSES CAN BE FUNCTIONAL TO PROSPECTIVE AU?ORS ( A MILIT>Y C\P1 BUT 9 FACT COMES 9 H&Y 7& IS DEF5D$ TO ! BITT] 5D7 TO ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY ?AT IT 9T5DS TO TAKE OV] ! MANAGEM5T ( P[] ) ALL ! CALM ?AT ?IS REQUIRES1 )\T DI/URB+ ANYBODY1 TO =M ! CADRES ( ! EXPLOIT+ CLASS ( ! FUTURE4 

,! NEW >M$ RESI/ANCE MU/ !RE=E IMAG9E A POSSIBLE FUTURE FI<T AGA9/ ! ATTEMPT ( C\P BY ! RI<T1 AS WELL AS A ,COMMUNI/ DICTATOR%IP IMPLEM5T$ BY ! BUREAUCRACY ( ! P>TY & ! UNIONS4 ,TODAY1 H[EV]1 IT IS =C$ TO FI<T ) ! PRES5T FASCISM REPRES5T$ BY AN ELUSIVE1 /ATE ( AFFAIRS2 DIFFICULT TO DEF9E1 & ! D>KNESS :I* >E ALL CONC]N$ AB\T1 ! RI<T1 ! LEFT1 ! C5T]S & EV5 ! 0EXTREME@> LEFT4 ,& PRECISELY ?IS PRES5T /RUGGLE1 /RUGGLE TO ! DEA? TO SURVIVE1 ?AT IS =C+ ! GU]RILLA >MY 9 ,ITALY TO SOLVE TACTICAL & /RATEGIC PROBLEMS ?AT >E NOT EASY1 BUT >E A H]ITAGE ( GREAT 9T]E/ TO ALL ?OSE ?AT >E GIV+ !MSELVES1 AS WE AN>*I/S1 A D\BLE POSSIBLE FUTURE FI<T4 

,AS WE HAVE SE5 ! RADICALIZATION ( ! PROLET>IAN /RUGGLE IS LEAD+ SOME ACTIVE M9ORITIES TO REA* LEVELS ( ACTION ?AT >E CONSID]$ 0\TLAW0 FROM P[]4 ,FROM ?IS MOM5T ONE IS1 0GO+ UND]GR\ND404 ,! CONDITIONS ( SURVIVAL >E !N V]Y PRECISE4 ,FIR/ Y\ MU/ F9D ! MONEY NECESS>Y = ! V]Y LIVES ( MILITANTS & ! IMPLEM5TATION ( SOME ACTIONS3 ,?IS MONEY IS G5]ALLY MADE BY ! REVOLUTION>Y EXPROPRIATIONS ?AT ! M9ORITY DOES A C>ICO ( ! EXPLOIT+ CLASS1 9 ANTICIPATION ( EXPROPRIATION & ! F9AL TOTAL ?AT WILL BE ! SOCIAL REVOLUTION4 ,!SE >E ACTIONS ?AT HAVE BE5 C>RI$ \T BY REVOLUTION>IES ( EV]Y ]A 7FROM ,G>IBALDI TO ,/AL9 TO GIVE A NOT TOO RELEVANT EXAMPLE71 :I* IS FAC+ TODAY1 AS 9 ! PA/1 ! ANGRY CRITICISM ( ! RE=MI/S1 FE>FUL ?AT ! MASS MI<T CONFUSE !IR C&ID PROGRAM ) ?AT ( COMMON ROBB]S4 ,! RE/ ( ! ACTIONS1 ! ABDUCTION ( 9DIVIDUALS RESPONSIBLE = PROLET>IAN EXPLOITATION1 SPIES1 FASCI/S2 ACTS ( SABOTAGE AGA9/ /ATE PROP]TY1 AGA9/ ! POLITICAL C5T]S1 (FICES ( REACTION>Y POLITICAL P>TIES ETC4 ,& C\NTLESS O!R DISCOV]IES FROM TIME TO TIME ( REVOLUTION>Y PROLET>IAN FANTASY1 CON/ITUTE ! FIELD ( :AT IS CALL$ 0>M$ PROPAG&A@>4 ,( C\RSE1 MANY CRITICISMS CAN BE MADE FROM TIME TO TIME AB\T ! POLITICAL OPPORTUNITY( ?IS OR ?AT ACTION1 ! TIME L5S1 ! REASON = A *OICE1 ETC41 & WE >E NOT SAY+ H]E ?AT WE ABSOLUTELY AGREE ) ! TACTICS ( %OOT+ FIR/ BECAUSE 9 ?IS WAY WE ALWAYS 5D UP BE+ RI<T1 ON ! CONTR>Y1 WE JU/ WANT TO SAY ?AT ?IS WEAL? ( EXP]I5CE %\LD NOT BE ?R[N OV]BO>D1 BUT /UDI$1 ANALYZ$ & CRITICIZ$4 

,CRITICISM 

,9 ESS5CE1 ! CRITICISMS ?AT HAVE BE5 MADE TO ! EXP]I5CES ( >M$ /RUGGLE TODAY 9 ,EUROPE & ,ITALY >E ALL EQUALLY ( A NET REJECTION4 ,! PROBLEM IS NOT EV5 CONSID]$4 ,! COMRADES ?AT ACCEPT >M$ /RUGGLE AS A POSSIBLE 9/RUM5T ( OPPOSITION TO /ATE T]RORISM >E CONSID]$ PROVOCATIVE1 AG5TS ( ! REACTION1 FASCI/S4 ,A CRITICISM ( ?IS K9D 9DICATES ONLY ONE ?+3 ! FE> ?AT LEFTI/ POLITICAL P>TIES1 ! EXTRA-P>LIAM5T>Y MOVEM5TS ( HANG]S ON AS WELL AS SOME AN>*I/S HAVE ( LOS+ !IR 0AGIBILITY04 ,! ,P,C,I IS TALK+ AB\T PROVOCATORS & B&ITS4 ,! EXTREMI/S >E MORE CLE>4 ,AVANGU>DIA OP]AIA SAYS1 0) REG>D TO ! REVIVAL ( ! SO-CALL$ R$ T]RORISM BY FANFANIAN PROPAG&A1 WE REIT]ATE \R SEV]E CONDEMNATION ( ?OSE :O PUT !MSELVES \T ( ! LABOR MOVEM5T4 ,! ,PDUP-,MANIFE/O >E MORE SOPHI/ICAT$3 4 ,& ,LOTTA ,CONT9UA1 0444 POLITICAL CONCEPTION ( DESPAIR ?AT PU%ES SOME MILITANT GR\PS & TO LOSE ! BOND & TRU/ 9 ! CLASS ORGANIZATIONS ( ! WORK]S1 TO 5GAGE 9 A PRIVATE & SUICIDAL W> TO ADAPT 9/RUM5TS SU* AS BOMBS ?AT PROLET>IAN & ANTI-FASCI/ CONSCI\SNESS REJECTS 9 ! H>DE/ POSSIBLE WAY40 

,! COMMUNIQUE ( ! ,F$]AZIONI AN>*I*E 7,F,A,I1 ,G,A,F1 ,G,I,A7 ON >M$ /RUGGLE IS ( ! SAME K9D3 444 ,WE DO NOT AGREE ) !SE CRITICISMS BECAUSE WE CONSID] !M 9COMPLETE4 ,9 FACT1 ESPECIALLY ! COMMUNIQUE ( ! AN>*I/ ,F$]AZIONI COGLIE NEL SEGNO :5 !Y SPEAK ( /ATE PROVOCATION & ! POSSIBLE USE 9 ! PROVOCATORY S5SE ( ! GR\PS ?AT !ORIZE & BR+ AB\T >M$ /RUGGLE2 COGLIE NEL SEGNO :5 !Y /ATE ?AT AN>*ISM HAS NO?+ TO DO ) ! >M$ VANGU>DS ( ! PROLET>IAT2 BUT !Y DO NOT CONV9CE US :5 !Y R$UCE AN>*I/ ACTION TO SIMPLY ! /IMUL\S ( SOCIAL CONTRADICTIONS1 9 SUPPORT ( ! SELFMANAG$ /RUGGLE & DIRECT ACTION ( ! EXPLOIT$ MASS1 IF ALONGSIDE ALL ?AT ONE DOESN'T CONSID] OPPORTUNE -- BE=E ! SPREAD+ ( /ATE T]RORISM -- TO ORGANIZE A DEF5SE AGA9/ ! VIOL5CE ( ! BOSSES & !IR S]VANTS4 

,9 ?AT WAY ! CRITIQUE IS UNILAT]AL4 ,! VALIDITY ( C]TA9 /RUGGLES IS AFFIRM$ & ?AT ( ! >M$ /RUGGLE ( A POPUL> MATRICE IS D5I$1 :ILE1 9 CONTRA/ ONE CANNOT D5Y ?AT ! /ATE C>RIES \T A T]RORISM ?AT IS NOT ONLY PSY*OLOGICAL BUT IS ALSO PHYSICAL4 ,ONE %\LD CONCLUDE ?AT ! /ATE OPPRESSES US ) ECONOIC1 CULTURAL1 ETC EXPLOITATION1 & KILLS US ) MILIT>Y REPRESSION1 :ILE \R DEF5SE MU/ /OP AT ! FIR/ LEVEL1 LEAV+ !M ! 9ITIATIVE TO KILL US AS & H[ !Y LIKE1 ) ALL COMMODITY1 LIKE AL TYRO A SEGNO4 ,NOT JU/ ?AT1 ?+S DO NOT /OP !RE1 9 ! CASE ( ! EXTRAP>L4AM5T>IANS & ! COMMUNI/ P>TY !Y GO AS F> AS TO SEE ANY ATTEMPT AT DEF5SE AS FASCI/ & PROVOCATORY4 

,FRANKLY ?IS REASONIG DOES NOT SEEM RI<T TO ME4 ,BUT !RE IS MORE4 ,P9SI/+ ON !SE POSITIONS ONE IS OBJECTIVELY PLAY+ ! GAME ( ! REPRESSION ?AT IS APPLY+ ! RULE ( @<@< DIVIDE & RULE @>@>1 EXP]IM5T$ EV]Y:]E & :I* ! MASS MURD]] ,/AL9 WAS A MA/] (4 ,?R\< 9/RUM5TS ( ?IS K9D AN>*I/S SU* AS ,B]N]I W]E SLA9 9 ,SPA91 ! COLLECTIVES REMA9$ DEF5SELESS & MORE ?AN A FEW COMRADES W]E =C$ 9TO CL&E/9ITY @<@< AN>*Y REIGN+@>4 ,LET US /OP \R FE> = A MOM5T1 LET'S /OP & ?9K4 ,:5 \R JUDGM5T CO9CIDES P]FECTLY ) ?AT ( P[]1 :5 \R DECL>ATIONS SEEM TO COME \T FROM ! MULTIMILLIONAIRE PR9T+ PRESSES ( ! COMMUNI/ P>TY1 :5 FASCI/S & COMMUNI/S SI PALLEGAIANO ! T]RORI/ RESPECTIVELY TO H>MONICALLY EQUILIBRATE ! GAME ( OPPOS$ EXTREMISMS1 :5 ! POLICEMAN SPEAKS ! SAME LANGUAGE AS WE DO1 !RE MU/ BE SOME?+ WRONG ) US1 NOT 9 ! 9/RUM5TS ( P[] ?AT DO NOT USUALLY MAKE SU* K9DS ( MI/AKES4 ,9 PRACTICE ! CONDEMNATIONS ?AT WE (T5 PRON\NCE AGA9/ ! EXP]I5CES ( >M$ /RUGGLE >E BAS$ ON NEWS SUPPLI$ BY ! PRESS 9 ! PAY ( ! BOSSES2 ( ACTIONS COMPUTE2 ( REAL MOTIVATIONS1 ( ! FRAME UPS CON/RUCT$ A PRIORI & A PO/]IORI BY ! POLICE1 WE KN[ NO?+4 ,YET \R FIR/ 9/9CT IS TO CONDEMN IMM$IATELY :ATEV] DI/URBS ! PROGRAMMATIC FRAMEWORK ( \R POLITICAL ACTIVITY4 

,ACT+ 9 ?IS WAY ! /RUGGLE AGA9/ REPRESSION CRY/ALLIZES 9 A MONOVAL5TE =M1 FOLL[+ ! DESIRES ( ?OSE :O HAVE AN 9T]E/ 9 NOT DI/URB+ ! WAT]S TOO MU*4 ,! GR\PS ?AT RECOGNIZE ! NE$ = >M$ /RUGGLE >E ISOLAT$1 LEAV+ !M 9 BALIA ( EV5TUAL PROVOCATIONS4,IT IS LOGICAL ?AT AN EM>G9AT$ GR\P CAN DEF5D ITSELF UP TO A PO9T1 WORK+ 9 C]TA9 CONDITIONS ( CL&E/9ITY & ) ! OB/ACLE ( HAV+ ALL ! LEFT AGA9/ IT1 UNLEA%$ 9 AN ABNORMAL & CRIM9AL CRITIQUE1DOES NOT HAVE 9/RUM5TS DI V]IFICA1 CANNOT CONTROL ITS POSITION NOR EV5 ITS [N ANALYZES4 

,! CONVICTIONS /EM FROM ! (FICIAL LEFT ORIG9ATE FROM ! SAME MATRIX ?AT GIVES APPROVAL :5 IT COMES TO 0/RUGGLET AGA9/ FASCISM 9 ,SPA9 & O!R UNCIVILIZ$ C\NTRIES04 

,& PRECISELY !SE DAYS ! MASS MASSACRE ( FIVE ANTI-FASCI/ COMRADES :O W]E %OT BY ! ,SPANI% EXECUTION]1 COMRADES BELONG+ TO CL&E/9E ORGANIZATIONS ( >M$ /RUGGLE 9 ,SPA9 7,E,T,A & ,F,R,A,P74 ,ON ?IS OCCASION1 ! ANG] WAS UNANIM\S4 

,IT HAS A C]TA9 EFFECT READ+ BA/>DS LIKE ! ,*RI/IAN ,DEMOCRATS 9 ?IS WAY3 0,WE ALL FEEL DEEPLY HUMBL$ & AW>E ( ! DUTY TO 5SURE ! SY/EM ( FRE$OM ?AT CAN BE ! BE>] ( MANY FLAWS1 BUT AS LONG AS IT REMA9S SU*1 CON/ITUTES AN ELEM5T ( C]TA9TY = CITIZ5S & EQUILIBRIUM & PEACE = ! 9T]NATIONAL COMMUNITY40 

,& ! WOR?Y COMRADES ( ! ,ITALIAN ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY3 0! EXECUTIONS MU/ 5C\RAGE ALL DEMOCRATS1 ALL ANTI-FASCI/S1 TO EXT5D !IR MOBILIZATION TO 9CREASE 9ITIATIVES1 TO DRAW 9TO ! /RUGGLE MILLIONS & MILLIONS ( FI<T]S = FRE$OM 9 ,SPA94 0 ,& ! FRE$OM ( ,ITALY1 ,FRANCE1 ,G]MANY1 ,RUSSIA1 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES1 ( ! RE/ ( ! WORLD8 

,EV5 ! ,POPE SPOKE4 ,CONCEAL+ LESS WELL ?AN ! O!R POLITICAL CRIM9ALS ! TRUE REACTION>Y MATRIX ( ,CA?OLICISM3 0,WE REIT]ATE ! /RONG DISAPPROVAL ( ! S]IES ( T]RORI/ ATTACKS ?AT HAVE M>R$ ?AT NOBLE & ALWAYS DE> TO US DE> NATION1 & ! C\RAGE ( ?OSE :O1 DIRECTLY OR 9DIRECTLY1 >E RESPONSIBLE1 = SU* AN ACTIVITY1 CONSID]$1 WRONGLY1 & TAK5 AS A LEGITIMATE TOOL ( POLITICAL /RUGGLE4 ,BUT TO ?IS CONDEMNATION WE MU/ ALSO MAKE FOLL[ A CONDEMNATION ( A REPRESSION SO H>D ?AT HE ALSO IGNOR$ CALLS FROM MANY QU>T]S ?AT HAVE BE5 RAIS$ AGA9/ ?OSE EXECUTIONS40 

,BUT ?IS 0HOLY CRUSADE01 L$ BY ,PAUL ,V,I1 WOR?Y SUCCESSOR ( ! HOLY FA!RS ( ! ,9QUISITION1 *>ACT]IZ$ WELL BY ! 'AUGU/' PRES5CE ( ! WORDS ( ! ,:]E !RE IS BOSS EXPLOITATION1 EI!R UND] ! IDIOTIC SIGN ( FASCISM IDIOT1 OR UND] ! 9TELLIG5T SIGN ( B\RGEOIS DEMOCRACY1 :I* CONCEALS A NO LESS ODI\S FASCISM1 >M$ /RUGGLE IS LEGITIMATE 9 ?AT IT PROVIDES = ! DEF5SE ( ! PROLET>IAT4 ,& IF ! COMRADES ( ! ,ITALIAN ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY :O HAVE F\ND SO MANY ELOQU5T WORDS !SE DAYS TO DEF5D ! ,SPANI% REVOLUTION>IES VICTIMS ( ? EXECUTION] ,FRANCO1 W]E CONSEQU5T ) !MSELVES1 !Y %\LD USE ! SAME WORDS ) ! REVOLUTION>IES ( \R [N H\SE1 OR AT LEA/ OP5 A CLE> CRITICAL DEBATE ON ! PROPOSALS ?AT >E COM+ FROM ?IS SIDE1 PREV5T+ EV]Y?+ FROM DISAPPE>+ 9 ! MI/ ( AN ALLEG$ PROVOCATION ULTIMATELY USEFUL ONLY TO ! BOSS REACTION4 

,AMONG \R TASKS1 9 ADDITION TO ?OSE 5GAG$ 9 ! MASSES1 POLITICAL CL>IFICATION1 ! PU% T[>D SELF-MANAG$ 9ITIATIVES & DIRECT ACTION1 MU/ ALSO BE ?AT ( ! ORGANIZATION ( PROLET>IAN DEF5SE4 ,?IS CAN NOT BE -- RI<TLY -- ! WORK ( A VANGU>D ?AT PROPOSES ! CONQUE/ ( SOME?+ OR ! GUIDANCE ( ! PROLETRIAT1 BUT MU/ BE ! WORK ( GR\PS ?AT SEEK TO /RIKE ! 5EMY 9 ! PROP]TY & PEOPLE1 DEVELOP+ ! FIR/ ELEM5TS ( ! POPUL> RESI/ANCE ?AT DEVELOP+ ! FIR/ ELEM5TS ( ! CLASS W> 9 C\RSE1 OV]COM+ ! CONTRADICTIONS ( CAPITALISM 9 A REVOLUTION>Y S5SE1 MAY1 9 A NOT TOO DI/ANT FUTURE1 AT ! ECONOMIC1 IDEOLOGICAL & EV5 MILIT>Y LEVEL />T ! ROAD TO REVOLUTION SOCIAL4 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #aigd 3 ,CLASS ,W> -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,APRIL #a#f1 #bb 3 ,CLASS ,W> -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #c1 #bbb 3 ,CLASS ,W> -- ,UPDAT$4 

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