,DECOLONIZ+ ,BRITI% ,COLUMBIA 
,! ,IMPORTANCE ( ,SETTL] ,RELATIONALITIES 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,ANONYM\S 

,TEXT 3 

,T]RITORIAL ,ACKN[L$GM5T 

,?IS ESSAY WAS WRITT5 ON ! UNC$$ TRADITIONAL T]RITORIES ( ! ,W,S,A,N,E,C ,NATION1 SPECIFICALLY ! ,TSAW\T & ,TSEYCUM PEOPLES4 ,! ?\<TS H]E9 HAVE BE5 DEVELOP$ ?R\< SP5D+ TIME ON MANY NATIONS' T]RITORIES1 9CLUD+ ! ,PA*E$AHT1 ,DITIDAHT1 ,T'S\K1 ,SON<EES1 ,ESQUIMALT1 ,C[I*AN1 ,TSE%AHT1 ,S9IXT & MANY MORE4 ,?IS ESSAY IS MEANT TO BE DI/RIBUT$ F> & WIDE & WILL HOPEFULLY PASS ?R\< ALL ( !SE T]RITORIES & MORE1 AS IT SEEKS TO BUILD RELATION%IPS & UND]/&+ BETWE5 SETTL]S1 ,9DIG5\S PEOPLE1 & ! ,L&4 ,I ?ANK !SE NATIONS = ALL[+ ME TO LE>N FROM ! ,L&1 & ALL ( ! CONNECTIONS !RE94 ,I ?ANK !M = PRES]V+ !SE BEAUTIFUL PLACES = ?\S&S ( YE>S4 ,I ?ANK !M = NEV] C$+ !IR RESPONSIBILITIES TO ! ,L& & = ! EXAMPLE !Y SET = SETTL]S TO LIVE UP TO4 ,! DEBT WILL ALWAYS BE M9E4 

,?IS ESSAY IS BY NO MEANS A COMPLETE /RATEGY GUIDE TO DECOLONIZATION1 & 9 FACT LEAVES \T MANY FUNDAM5TAL T5ETS1 SU* AS ! LIB]ATION ( WOM51 PRISON & POLICE ABOLITION1 QUE/IONS ( P[] DYNAMICS & HI]>*Y1 & MANY MORE4 ,RA!R ?AN BE+ A COMPREH5SIVE MANUAL = DECOLONIZATION1 IT IS MEANT AS AN ATTEMPT TO BEG9 RECONCIL+ ,WE/]N REVOLUTION>Y TRADITIONS ) ,9DIG5\S WORLDVIEWS1 & TO FRAME DECOLONIZATION AS NOT ONLY ! F\NDATION1 BUT ALSO AS ! ME?OD & 5D GOAL ( ! 5VIRONM5TAL1 FEM9I/1 ANTI-CAPITALI/1 & ANTI-RACI/ /RUGGLE ACROSS ,TURTLE ,ISL&4 

,9TRODUCTION 

,! WORLD IS CURR5TLY 9 AN ECOLOGICAL CRISIS1 NOT ONLY 9 T]MS ( CLIMATE *ANGE1 BUT ALSO 9 T]MS ( BIODIV]SITY LOSS1 AIR POLLUTION1 OCEAN ACIDIFICATION1 & MANY O!R 5VIRONM5TAL ISSUES4 ,ECOLOGY IS ! HOLI/IC /UDY ( A SY/EM & ALL ( ITS RELATION%IPS1 NOT ONLY TO ! NATURAL WORLD1 BUT ALSO TO ! SOCIAL WORLD4 ,9 ?IS S5SE1 ! CURR5T ECOLOGICAL CRISIS IS ALSO CAUS$ BY />K 9EQUALITIES BETWE5 RI* & POOR1 COLONIALISM1 CORPORATE GRE$1 PATRI>*Y1 & O!R SOCIAL ISSUES4 ,:5 EXAM9+ \R CURR5T /ATE ( AFFAIRS ?R\< AN ECOLOGICAL L5S1 WE CAN BEG9 TO SEE ! MANY WAYS ?AT ! SOCIAL & NATURAL SPH]ES 9T]ACT ) EA* O!R4 

,9 ,NOR? ,AM]ICA1 ! DISPOSSESSION ( ,9DIG5\S L&1 ! \TLAW+ ( C]EMONY & LANGUAGE1 ! KIDNAPP+ ( *ILDR5 = RESID5TIAL S*OOLS1 ! #f'S SCOOP1 ,M,M,I,W,G#b,S1 & MORE >E AMONG ! SOCIAL FACTORS ?AT HAVE CONTRIBUT$ TO ! DEVA/ATION ( ! NATURAL WORLD4 ,9 ORD] = ! 5VIRONM5TAL CRISIS TO BE SOLV$1 ! ECOLOGICAL CRISIS NE$S TO BE SOLV$4 ,?IS 9VOLVES CRITICALLY EXAM9+ \R RELATION%IP TO ,9DIG5\S PEOPLES1 & ID5TIFY+ WAYS 9 :I* WE CAN MOVE =W>D TOGE!R4 ,?IS PROCESS IS CALL$ DECOLONIZATION4 

,9 ORD] = DECOLONIZATION TO BE FULLY UND]/OOD BY SETTL]S AS A CONCRETE PROCESS1 & NOT AS SOME AB/RACT METAPHOR1 !RE NE$S TO BE A BASIC UND]/&+ ( ,9DIG5\S CULTURE1 SOCIAL /RUCTURE1 & WORLDVIEW4 ,AS ! ORIG9AL 9HABITANTS ( ! ,NEW ,WORLD1 ,9DIG5\S ,NOR? ,AM]ICAN CULTURES HAVE BE5 SEP>AT$ FROM ! ,OLD ,WORLD CULTURES = AT LEA/ T5 ?\S& YE>S BE=E ! DAWN ( 0CIVILIZATION0 9 ! WE/]N S5SE4 ,BECAUSE ( ?IS E>LY SEP>ATION1 :I* TOOK PLACE BE=E ! ,NEOLI?IC REVOLUTION 7OR AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTION71 ,9DIG5\S SOCIETY IS FUNDAM5TALLY DIFF]5T FROM ,OLD ,WORLD SOCIETIES4 ,?IS DIFF]5CE 9 WORLD VIEW CAN BE DIFFICULT = SETTL]S TO GRASP1 ESPECIALLY BECAUSE ! ,5GLI% LANGUAGE IS POORLY EQUIPP$ TO TALK AB\T ,9DIG5\S CONCEPTS4 

,ONE IMPORTANT ?+ TO UND]/& IS ?AT EA* ,9DIG5\S NATION IS DIFF]5T1 NOT ONLY CULTURALLY1 BUT ALSO POLITICALLY1 ECONOMICALLY1 & SOCIALLY4 ,AL?\< WE HAVE A MOD]N T5D5CY TO GR\P ,9DIG5\S PEOPLES ACCORD+ TO !IR LANGUAGE FAMILY1 ?IS BY NO MEANS GU>ANTEES CULTURAL UNI=MITY1 OR EV5 SIMIL>ITY4 ,?IS IS NOT TO SAY1 H[EV]1 ?AT !RE >E NO SIMIL>ITIES BETWE5 CULTURES1 JU/ ?AT !Y >E NOT HOMOG5\S1 & DEFY EASY CLASSIFICATION BAS$ ON LANGUAGE GR\P1 GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION1 OR ANY O!R S+LE ID5TIFI]4 

,DESPITE !SE DIFF]5CES1 !RE >E SOME BROAD SIMIL>ITIES ?AT CAN BE DRAWN FROM JU/ AB\T EV]Y NATION ACROSS ,TURTLE ,ISL& 7AL?\< !RE >E ALWAYS EXCEPTIONS74 ,SOME ( !SE SIMIL>ITIES 9CLUDE ! T5D5CY T[>DS MATRI>*Y1 A FAMILY-BAS$ CLAN /RUCTURE1 H]$IT>Y =MS ( GOV]NM5T1 & A WORLD VIEW ?AT PLAC$ HUMANS ALONG-SIDE ANIMALS AS P>T ( ! NATURAL WORLD4 

,! H]$IT>Y GOV]NM5T /RUCTURES TODAY >E REPRES5T$ BY 0H]$IT>Y *IEFS10 AL?\< ?IS IS A GROSSLY SIMPLIFI$ TRANSLATION ( HUNDR$S ( DIFF]5T WORDS FROM HUNDR$S ( DIFF]5T CULTURES1 EA* ) !IR [N NUANC$ MEAN+S4 ,?IS SIMPLIFI$ TRANSLATION IS JU/ ONE EXAMPLE ( ! ,5GLI% LANGUAGES %ORT COM+S :5 DISCUSS+ ,9DIG5\S CONCEPTS4 ,TO OV]COME ?IS1 ,I WILL ATTEMPT TO \TL9E ! G5]AL MEAN+ ( 0H]$IT>Y *IEF10 AL?\< IT %\LD BE NOT$ ?AT !RE IS NO S+UL> DEF9ITION2 ?IS IS M]ELY = ! PURPOSE ( A BETT] UND]/&+ ( ,9DIG5\S WORLDVIEWS ?R\< EXAM9+ A WIDELY MISUND]/OOD ASPECT ( !IR CULTURES4 

,9 ! WE/]N IMAG9ATION1 0H]$IT>Y *IEF0 9VOKES IMAGES ( AN ALL-P[]FUL TRIBAL LEAD] :O HAS ! F9AL SAY ON ANY DECISION1 & WILL PASS HIS AU?ORITY & P[] ON TO HIS SON4 ,?IS IS V]Y DIFF]5T FROM ! MANY IT]ATIONS ( ! POSITION 9 ,9DIG5\S CULTURE1 & 9 FACT /&S 9 />K CONTRA/ TO MANY ,9DIG5\S TRADITIONS4 ,H]$IT>Y *IEFS >E NOT ALL P[]FUL1 BUT 9 FACT L>GELY PROVISIONAL1 MO/LY MAK+ DECISIONS REG>D+ W>F>E & 9T]NATIONAL RELATIONS1 R>ELY EX]T+ ANY AU?ORITY OV] ! CLAN4 ,9 MO/ CULTURES !Y NEV] MAKE ANY DECISIONS BY !MSELVES1 BUT ALWAYS SEEK ! C\NCIL ( !IR ADVIS]S1 ! ELD]S1 & MO/ IMPORTANTLY1 ! MATRI>*S4 ,9 ADDITION TO ?IS1 !IR POSITION WASN'T SO MU* AB\T P[] & AU?ORITY AS IT WAS AB\T RI<TS & RESPONSIBILITIES4 ,!Y DIDN'T H& !IR P[] & L& D[N TO !IR HEIR1 9/EAD !Y H&$ D[N ! H]$IT>Y NAME1 ALONG ) ! RI<TS & RESPONSIBILITIES ?AT CAME ) IT4 ,IF A *IEF NO LONG] FULFILL$ HIS RESPONSIBILITIES TO ! PEOPLE & TO ! L&1 !Y W]E NO LONG] FIT = ! H]$IT>Y TITLE1 & ! MATRI>*S HAD ! RI<T TO REMOVE ! TITLE & CONF] IT UPON SOMEONE MORE CAPABLE ( FULFILL+ ! DUTIES1 :E!R OR NOT !Y W]E RELAT$ TO ! PREVI\S *IEF4 

,EA* CLAN HAD A H]$IT>Y *IEF1 A CLAN MO!R1 A C\NCIL ( ELD]S1 A C\NCIL ( MATRI>*S1 & A LAW TO LIVE BY4 ,AL?\< !RE W]E MANY V>IATIONS AMONG !M & ! SPECIFIC RESPONSIBILITIES ?AT EA* W\LD HOLD1 !SE POSITIONS MADE UP ! BASIC UNITS ( MO/ ,9DIG5\S GOV]NM5TS4 

,JU/ AS ! WE/]N VIEW ( H]$IT>Y *IEFS IS VA/LY OV]SIMPLIFI$1 SO IS ! WE/]N VIEW ON ,9DIG5\S RELATION%IPS ) ! L&1 :I* PORTRAYS 9DIG5\S RELATIONALITY AS IRRATIONAL MY/ICISM ) NO GR\ND+ 9 REALITY4 ,?IS IS NOT SO1 & 9 FACT IS A MAJOR B>RI] 9 A SETTL] UND]/&+ ( ,9DIG5\S WORLDVIEWS4 

,AL?\< SPIRITUALITY IS ( MAJOR IMPORTANCE TO ,9DIG5\S PEOPLES1 IT %\LD NOT BE ASSUM$ ?AT !IR SPIRITUALITY IS DETA*$ FROM REALITY4 ,RA!R1 !IR SPIRITUALITY CAN BE BETT] VIEW$ AS ! C]EMONIALIZATION ( REAL-LIFE EV5TS & RELATION%IPS4 ,= EXAMPLE1 ! PEOPLE ( ! ,NOR?WE/ ,COA/ BELIEV$ ?AT SALMON BONES HAD TO BE RETURN$ TO ! RIV]1 OR ! SALMON PEOPLE C\LD NOT PROP]LY RE9C>NATE !MSELVES & PROVIDE MORE FOOD = ! PEOPLE4 ,ON ! SURFACE1 ?IS SEEMS LIKE SUP]/ITION1 BUT :5 ! EFFECT ?AT SALMON BONES HAVE ON ! =E/ IS EXAM9$1 IT BECOMES CLE> ?AT !RE IS A SCI5TIFIC BASIS TO ?IS /ORY4 ,EA* YE>1 MILLIONS ( SALMON SWIM UP/REAM TO LAY !IR EGGS1 & !N IMM$IATELY DIE & />T TO DECOMPOSE4 ,! DECOMPOS+ SALMON REPRES5T MILLIONS ( P\NDS ( NUTRI5TS TRANSF]R$ FROM ! OCEAN TO ! =E/4 ,! TREES TAKE 9 ! NUTRI5TS FROM ! DECOMPOS$ FI%1 & CYCLE !M ?R\< ! ECOSY/EM1 EV5TUALLY RELEAS+ !M BACK 9TO ! RIV] TO RETURN TO ! OCEAN4 ,! ,NOR?WE/ ,COA/ TRADITION ( RETURN+ SALMON BONES TO ! RIV] REFLECT A DEEP UND]/&+ ( ! NUTRI5T TRANSF] CYCLE1 AS WELL AS AN ACKN[L$GM5T ( RESPONSIBILITY TO KEEP ?AT RELATION%IP 9 BALANCE4 

,MO/ ,9DIG5\S LAWS1 C]EMONIES & PRACTICES CAN BE UND]/OOD ?R\< ! L5S ( RELATION%IPS4 ,?IS IS :AT ,9DIG5\S E?ICS & LAW IS BAS$ >\ND2 RELATION%IPS TO ! L&1 :I* 9 AN ,9DIG5\S CONCEPTION1 9CLUDES EV]Y?+ ?AT'S A P>T ( ! L&1 9CLUD+ PLANTS1 ANIMALS1 RIV]S1 ROCKS1 & PEOPLE4 ,FROM H]E ON \T1 0,L&0 ) A CAPITAL WILL REF] TO NOT ONLY ! SOIL1 BUT ! TREES1 PLANTS1 MU%ROOMS1 ROCKS1 RIV]S1 BIRDS1 BUGS1 ANIMALS & PEOPLE CONTA9$ !RE91 AS WELL AS ALL ( !IR 9T]CONNECT+ RELATION%IPS ) ONE ANO!R4 

,) A BASIC UND]/&+ ( ,9DIG5\S GOV]NANCE & WORLDVIEW1 WE CAN BEG9 TO DISCUSS ! PROCESS ( DECOLONIZATION4 

,DECOLONIZATION IS ,NOT A ,METAPHOR 

,DECOLONIZATION TAKES DIFF]5T %APES DEP5D+ ON :]E ! PROCESS IS HAPP5+1 PRECISELY = ! REASON ?AT COLONIZATION TOOK DIFF]5T %APES :]EV] IT HAPP5$4 ,9 ORD] = ! PROCESS TO BE EFFECTIVE1 ! LOCAL HI/ORICAL CIRCUM/ANCES ?AT PRODUC$ ! COLONIAL SY/EM NE$ TO BE EXAM9$1 AS WELL AS ! ME*ANISMS ?AT ALL[ ?AT SAME SY/EM TO CONT9UE TODAY4 ,9 SO CALL$ BRITI% COLUMBIA1 ?IS PROCESS />T$ AB\T TWO HUNDR$ & FIFTY YE>S AGO4 

,SMALL ,POX >RIV$ ON ! WE/ COA/ 9 #a#g#h#b1 KILL+ UP TO #i#e.0 ( ! POPULATION 9 C]TA9 COMMUNITIES1 LESS ?AN T5 YE>S LAT] ,EUROPEANS W\LD CROSS ! ,ROCKY ,M\NTA9S & 5T] ! PROV9CE FROM ! EA/1 BR++ ) !M OV] TWO HUNDR$ YE>S ( CONFLICT ) ,9DIG5\S PEOPLES ( ! PRAIRIES & ! EA/4 ,DESPITE ! WIDESPREAD PRACTICE ( 5T]+ 9TO L& USE AGREEM5TS 7TREATIES7 ) ,9DIG5\S NATIONS1 ! ,EUROPEANS DID NO SU* ?+ WE/ ( ! ROCKIES1 & 9/EAD OPT$ TO TAKE ADVANTAGE ( ! DEVA/ATION CAUS$ BY ! SMALL POX VIRUS BY =CIBLY REMOV+ ,9DIG5\S PEOPLE FROM !IR L&S1 /EAL+ !IR *ILDR5 = RESID5TIAL S*OOL1 & 5=C+ ILLEGITIMATE SETTL] LAW :]EV] !Y W]E ABLE4 

,OV] TWO HUNDR$ YE>S LAT]1 9 #a#i#i#g1 A L&M>K DECISION 9 ! ,B,C ,SUPREME ,C\RT OV] ! ,DELGAMUUKW ,GISDAY'WA V ,BRITI% ,COLUMBIA CASE AFFIRM$ ?AT ,9DIG5\S PEOPLES 9 BRITI% COLUMBIA HAVE NEV] C$$ !IR RI<TS & TITLE TO !IR L&4 ,! C\RT1 H[EV]1 FAIL$ TO ID5TIFY A S+LE B\ND>Y = ANY TRADITIONAL T]RITORY1 & AS SU*1 HAS FAIL$ TO PROVIDE ,9DIG5\S PEOPLE ! P[] OV] ! ,B,C GOV]NM5T ?AT SO MANY HAD HOP$4 

,! ,9DIG5\S PEOPLE :O LIVE 9 SO CALL$ BRITI% COLUMBIA >E 9 A UNIQUE SITUATION 9 T]MS ( POT5TIAL = DECOLONIZATION1 AS ! HI<E/ C\RT 9 ! PROV9CE HAS ALREADY ASS]T$ !IR RI<TS TO !IR TRADITIONAL T]RITORY4 ,! NEXT /EP 9 ?IS PROCESS IS = ,9DIG5\S PEOPLE TO REVITALIZE !IR TRADITIONAL GOV]NANCE /RUCTURE SO ?AT ! MATRI>*S ( EA* CLAN CAN MAKE SURE !RE IS SOMEONE TO HOLD ! H]$IT>Y NAME & CLAIM RESPONSIBILITY = ! L&4 

,I1 AS A SETTL]1 AM UNABLE TO DET]M9E EXACTLY :AT A FULLY REVITALIZ$1 DECOLONIZ$ ,9DIG5\S GOV]NM5T W\LD LOOK LIKE1 BUT ,I CAN MAKE A CASE = ! IMPORTANCE ( ! H]$IT>Y *IEFS & TRADITIONAL GOV]NANCE1 RA!R ?AN ! ,B& ,C\NCIL SY/EM4 ,! ,B& ,C\NCIL SY/EM WAS CREAT$ UND] ! ,9DIAN ,ACT = ! PURPOSE ( CONTROLL+ ,9DIG5\S COMMUNITIES & R5D]+ !IR TRADITIONAL =MS ( GOV]NM5T )\T AU?ORITY4 ,! B& C\NCIL1 BY LAW1 ONLY HAS JURISDICTION OV] RES]VE L&1 :I* ACC\NTS = A RES\ND+ 4#c#e.0 ( ! #i#d#dKM#b L& BASE ( ,B,C1 AS OPPOS$ TO ! TRADITIONAL T]RITORY1 :I* COV]S EV]Y SQU>E 9* ( ! PROV9CE4 

,! B& C\NCIL IS ALSO A MIMICRY ( WE/]N DEMOCRACY1 & CONTRIBUTES TO ! SIL5C+ ( H]$IT>Y *IEFS1 ELD]S1 & MATRI>*S1 AS WELL AS 5=CES A UNI=M SY/EM UPON EA* UNIQUE NATION1 REG>DLESS ( !IR NUANC$ TRADITIONS ( GOV]NM5T4 

,TO DECOLONIZE MEANS NOT ONLY TO RETURN ! L&1 BUT ALSO TO RELEGITIMIZE ,9DIG5\S LAW4 ,?IS 9VOLVES REVIV+ ,9DIG5\S =MS ( GOV]NM5T1 9CLUD+ H]$IT>Y *IEFS1 ELD]S1 & MATRI>*S4 ,! WAY 9 :I* !SE SY/EMS >E REVIV$ H[EV]1 REMA9S UP TO ,9DIG5\S PEOPLE4 ,IT IS !IR RI<T1 JU/ AS ! RI<T ( ANY O!R SELF-DET]M9+ PEOPLE1 TO DECIDE H[ !Y WANT TO BE GOV]N$1 & :I* RE=MS !Y WI% TO MAKE4 

,TO TAKE ANO!R EXAMPLE FROM ! ,NOR?WE/ ,COA/1 MANY ( !SE NATIONS W]E FI]CE W>RIOR SOCIETIES :O 5GAG$ 9 FREQU5T RAID+ ( !IR NEI<BORS & KEPT MANY SLAVES4 ,IT IS BEYOND UNLIKELY ?AT A REVIV$ ,NUU-,*AH-,NUL? POLITIC W\LD 9VOLVE SLAVE TRAD+ OR RAIDS ON NEI<BOR+ COMMUNITIES4 ,JU/ AS ! ,NUU-,*AH-,NUL? HAVE ! RI<T TO *OOSE :I* CULTURAL PRACTICES TO REVIVE & :I* TO DISC>D1 SO TOO DO !Y HAVE ! RI<T TO *OOSE :I* POLITICAL TRADITIONS !Y WI% TO KEEP4 

,AGA91 ,I CANNOT DECIDE = !M :AT TRADITIONS TO REVIVE1 BUT ,I CAN PO9T \T ! NECESSITY ( H]$IT>Y LEAD]S RECLAIM+ !IR RI<TFUL /EW>D%IP OV] !IR L&S4 ,?IS IS ! ONLY PA? =W>D UND] ,9DIG5\S LAW1 ALL O!R ME?ODS RELY ON ,CANADIAN LAW1 & WILL NEV] RESULT 9 TRUE FRE$OM OR SELF-DET]M9ATION4 

,SETTL] ,ROLES 9 ,DECOLONIZATION 

,AS SETTL]S1 WE NE$ TO UND]/& ! PROCESS ( DECOLONIZATION1 & WE NE$ TO BE ACTIVELY 9VOLV$ 9 ! /RUGGLE TO RETURN ! L& TO ,9DIG5\S PEOPLE4 ,WE ALSO NE$ TO UND]/& H[ ! COMPLET$ PROCESS ( DECOLONIZATION WILL IMPACT \R LIVES1 & H[ WE CAN BEG9 \R [N CULTURAL P>ADIGM %IFT TO BETT] FIT 9TO ?AT WORLD4 

,ALL POLITICS NE$ TO BE GR\ND$ 9 ! TIME & PLACE 9 :I* !Y EXI/2 CLASSICAL ,M>XISM1 :I* WAS DESIGN$ = ! WORLD ( ! 9DU/RIAL REVOLUTION1 HAS LITTLE RELEVANCE 9 ,NOR? ,AM]ICA TODAY - ) A %R9K+ 9DU/RIAL PROLET>IAT & COMP>ATIVELY FEW FACTORIES LEFT 9 OP]ATION1 IT IS A RELIC ( ! PA/4 ,IT EI!R NE$S TO BE REVIS$1 OR R5D]$ COMPLETELY USELESS4 ,SO TOO ) O!R CLASSICAL REVOLUTION>Y !ORIES1 !Y >E ONLY AS USEFUL AS !Y >E CONNECT$ TO ! TIME & PLACE 9 :I* !Y EXI/4 

,?IS IS PRECISELY :Y WE NE$ TO BUILD A NEW POLITIC1 FROM ! GR\ND UP1 FIRMLY ROOT$ 9 AN ,9DIG5\S WORLDVIEW & COMMITM5T TO DECOLONIZATION4 ,WE NE$ TO RECOGNIZE ?AT ! ,NEW ,WORLD BE=E COLONIZATION WAS FUNDAM5TALLY DIFF]5T FROM ! ,OLD ,WORLD - :]E ALL ( \R POLITICAL !ORIES HAVE COME FROM - & COMMIT TO BUILD+ A NEW POLITIC ROOT$ 9 ! HI/ORY & TRADITIONS ( ,TURTLE ,ISL&4 

,= ?IS PROJECT1 IT BECOMES ABSOLUTELY NECESS>Y TO UND]/& POLITICS FROM ! ,9DIG5\S P]SPECTIVE1 :]E IT IS NOT SO MU* AB\T LAWS & /RUCTURE AS IT IS AB\T RELATION%IPS4 ,AS SETTL]S1 WE NE$ TO EXAM9E \R RELATION%IPS ) EV]Y ASPECT ( ! WEB ( LIFE1 & MA9TA9 AN ECOLOGICAL VIEWPO9T4 ,WE NE$ TO COMPREH5SIVELY UND]/& \R MYRIAD RELATIONS1 & BEG9 TO REWORK !M )9 ! P>AMET]S ( ,9DIG5\S LAW1 MEAN+ WE NE$ TO BUILD & MA9TA9 RELATION%IPS ) EA* P>T ( ! ,L&4 

,AS SETTL]S1 WE NE$ TO UND]/& ?AT WE WILL NEV] BE ,9DIG5\S2 ! SUN DANCE1 POTLAT*1 M$IC9E :EEL1 & O!R CULTURAL PRACTICES WILL NEV] BE \RS1 BUT ?AT DOESN'T MEAN ?AT WE >E 9CAPABLE ( CONNECT+ TO ! L& 9 ! SAME CAPACITY4 ,?OSE C]EMONIES WILL NEV] BE \RS BECAUSE WE WILL NEV] HAVE ! ,9DIG5\S RELATION%IP ) ! ,L& ?AT ?OSE C]EMONIES W]E BUILT ON1 BUT WE CAN HAVE \R [N RELATION%IPS1 & \R [N 0C]EMONIES40 ,AS P>T ( BUILD+ ?IS NEW POLITIC1 & %IFT+ \R WORLDVIEW1 IT IS IMPORTANT TO EMANCIPATE \RSELVES FROM ! TRADITIONS & 9/ITUTIONS ( ! 0,WE/10 & 9/EAD SEEK TO GR\ND \RSELVES 9 ,9DIG5\S WORLDVIEWS4 

,WE MU/ NOT HAVE A DESIRE TO 0SAVE ! TREES10 BUT 9/EAD A DESIRE TO BUILD A RELATION%IP ) ! =E/4 ,WE MU/ NOT DESIRE TO 0SAVE ! OCEANS10 BUT 9/EAD DEVELOP RELATION%IPS ) EA* MEMB] ( ! M>9E ECOSY/EM4 ,9 ?IS WAY1 WE BEG9 TO DECOLONIZE \R ?\<T PATT]NS BE=E ! PHYSICAL PROCESS ( DECOLONIZATION HAS TAK5 PLACE4 

,BUILD+ RELATION%IPS BETWE5 US & ! NATURAL WORLD IS ! MO/ IMPORTANT /EP WE CAN TAKE AS SETTL]S T[>DS DECOLONIZATION4 ,IF WE FAIL TO BUILD !SE RELATION%IPS1 WE WILL CONT9UE ! DE/RUCTION ( ! ,L& REG>DLESS ( :OSE /EW>D%IP IT IS UND]4 ,IT IS ONLY ?R\< !SE RELATION%IPS ?AT WE CAN PROP]LY CONCEPTUALIZE \R RELATION%IP ) ,9DIG5\S PEOPLE1 :O >E !MSELVES A P>T ( ! ,L&4 

,WE CANNOT BUILD ANY MEAN+FUL RELATION%IPS ) !M :ILE WE CONT9UE TO CUT D[N ! =E/S1 OV] FI% ! SALMON & POLLUTE ! RIV]S4 ,ANY RELATION%IP BUILT ON !SE PRACTICES WILL BE ONE ( VIOL5CE & DOM9ATION1 JU/ AS WE HAVE TODAY4 ,IF WE HAVE ANY DESIRE = BUILD+ A LA/+ RELATION%IP ) ,9DIG5\S COMMUNITIES1 WE NE$ TO UND]/& H[ EA* ACT ( VIOL5CE T[>DS ! L& AFFECTS !M4 

,P]HAPS ! MO/ IMPORTANT EXAMPLE ( ?IS 9 SO CALL$ BRITI% COLUMBIA IS ! SETTL] RELATION%IP TO SALMON4 ,SALMON1 = ! ,NOR?WE/ ,COA/ PEOPLES1 WAS NOT ONLY A /APLE FOOD S\RCE1 BUT A PILL> ( !IR CULTURE1 ECONOMY1 & POLITICS4 ,! ABUNDANCE ( SALMON IS :AT HAS L$ TO ! DEVELOPM5T ( ! GLOBALLY UNIQUE HUNT]-GA!R] SOCIETIES ( ! ,NOR?WE/ ,COA/1 ) !IR RI* MAT]IAL CULTURE & !IR DEVELOP$ S5SE ( PRIVATE PROP]TY4 ,JU/ AS ! DE/ABILIZATION ( SALMON POPULATIONS BY SETTL] ACTIVITY WAS ONE ( ! MA9 CONTRIBUT+ FACTORS = !IR D[NFALL1 SO TOO1 WILL ! REVITALIZATION ( SALMON POPULATIONS BE A FUNDAM5TAL PR]EQUISITE = A DECOLONIZ$ ,NOR?WE/ ,COA/4 

,/>T+ 9 ! LATE EI<TE5? C5TURY WE BEGAN TO LOG ! OLD GR[? TREES ON VANC\V] ISL&1 BY ! E>LY TW5TIE? C5TURY WE W]E CLE> CUTT+ VA/ TRACTS ( L&1 ) NO REG>D = RIP>IAN ZONES OR CRITICAL ANIMAL HABITAT1 CAUS+ SOIL DE/ABILIZATION1 L&SLIDES1 & POLLUTION ( RIV] SY/EMS4 ,LIKEWISE1 ) ! FIR/ GOLDM9E ON ,HAIDA ,GWAII 9 ! MID N9ETE5? C5TURY1 WE />T$ TO POLLUTE ! RIV]S ) SLAG & RUN-(F4 ,AFT] ?AT WE />T$ TO DAM \R RIV]S1 PREV5T+ SALMON FROM GETT+ TO !IR SPAWN+ GR\NDS4 ,BY ! #a#i#gS FI% F>MS HAD F\ND !IR WAY TO \R COA/1 & BY ! MID-#a#i#iS !Y HAD PROLIF]AT$ & ALREADY BEGAN TO HAVE A S]I\S IMPACT ON SALMON POPULATIONS2 9FE/ATIONS ( SEA LICE & O!R DISEASES W]E RAMPANT 9 !SE F>MS1 SITUAT$ ON ! M\?S ( RIV]S AS IF TO HAVE ! GREATE/ POSSIBLE EFFECT ON SPAWN+ SALMON SWIMM+ \T FROM !IR BIR? RIV]S4 ,! VA/ QUANTITIES ( WILD SALMON ?AT WE REMOVE FROM ! OCEANS EA* YE>1 AS WELL AS ! CON/ANT TANK] TRAFFIC ALONG ! WE/ COA/ ALSO CONTRIBUTE GREATLY TO ! DIM9I%+ POPULATIONS4 

,ALL ( !SE ACTIONS & MORE NE$ TO BE EXAM9$ :5 ATTEMPT+ TO BUILD A RELATION%IP ) ! SALMON4 ,IT BECOMES CLE> ?AT 9 ORD] TO BUILD A RELATION%IP ) ! SALMON1 WE NE$ TO HALT CLE> CUTT+ - OLD GR[? & O!RWISE4 ,WE NE$ TO BAN FI% F>MS1 R$UCE TANK] TRAFFIC1 /OP BUILD+ DAMS1 /OP POLLUT+ \R RIV]S ) M9+ WA/E1 & MU* MORE4 ,AS A KEY/ONE SPECIES ( ! ,NOR?WE/ ,COA/1 \R RELATION%IP ) ! SALMON WILL LEAD US TO \R RELATION%IP ) ! RE/ ( ! ,L&1 9CLUD+ ! ,9DIG5\S PEOPLE4 

,BY BUILD+ A RELATION%IP ) ! SALMON1 WE NOT ONLY HALT \R ECOLOGICALLY DE/RUCTIVE ACTIVITIES1 BUT WE REMOVE ! PRESSURES & /RA9S WE PLAC$ ON ,9DIG5\S RELATION%IPS ) ! SALMON1 TAK+ A MASSIVE /EP T[>DS DECOLONIZATION4 

,AS !SE RELATION%IPS >E BUILT1 IT BECOMES IMPORTANT TO DISCUSS ! NATURE ( ! RELATION%IP BETWE5 SETTL]S & ,9DIG5\S PEOPLE4 ,FROM ! E>LIE/ CONTACT ) ,EUROPEANS1 NO ,9DIG5\S NATION 9T5D$ TO DOM9ATE & RULE OV] ! ,EUROPEAN POPULATIONS1 RA!R1 !Y S\<T MUTUAL UND]/&+ & %>$ USE ( ! ,L&4 ,! PRE-CONTACT ,HAUD5OSAUNEE & ,NI%NAABEG TRADITION ( ,GDOO-NAAGAN9AA1 MEAN+ 0\R DI%10 \TL9ES AN EXAMPLE ( ,9DIG5\S POLITICAL RELATIONS1 & %\LD S]VE AS A CONCEPTUAL BASIS = FUTURE SETTL]-,9DIG5\S RELATIONS 

,GDOO-NAAGAN9AA IS ! UND]/&+ ?AT BO? ! ,HAUD5OSAUNEE & ! ,NI%NAABEG W]E EAT+ \T ( ! SAME DI% DUE TO OV]LAPP+ HUNT+ T]RITORY & ! ECOLOGICAL CONNECTIONS BETWE5 !IR T]RITORIES4 ,AS BO? NATIONS ATE \T ( ! SAME DI%1 IT WAS BO? ( !IR RESPONSIBILITIES TO TAKE C>E ( ?AT DI%1 & TO NOT ABUSE ?AT RELATION%IP4 ,IT IS IMPORTANT TO NOTE ?AT %>+ HUNT+ T]RITORY DID NOT PRESUPPOSE POLITICAL 9T]F]5CE2 RA!R1 IT FO/]$ A S5SE ( 9T]CONNECT$NESS & H>MONY BETWE5 ! TWO PEOPLES4 

,?IS IS ! MODEL ?AT SETTL]S NE$ TO BE US+4 ,ONCE ! L& IS DECOLONIZ$1 WE MU/ MAKE SURE ?AT WE DO NOT BECOME A BURD5 TO ! ,9DIG5\S GOV]NM5TS OR A COMPET+ =CE4 ,9/EAD1 WE NE$ TO BE A COMPLIM5T>Y =CE1 POLITICALLY AUTONOM\S BUT /ILL RESPECTFUL ( ,9DIG5\S LAW1 AS WELL AS \R 0%>$ DI%40 

,IT IS CLE> ?AT NEI!R ! CANADIAN GOV]NM5T1 NOR ! BRITI% COLUMBIAN GOV]NM5T HAVE ANY 9T5TION ( BECOM+ ?IS COMPLIM5T>Y AUTONOM\S GOV]NM5T1 9/EAD !Y SEEK TO COMPLETE ! COLONIZATION PROCESS & KEEP ,9DIG5\S L&S & RES\RCES = !IR [N4 ,= ?IS REASON1 WE MU/ LOOK BEYOND \R CURR5T GOV]NM5T /RUCTURES :5 SEEK+ TO BUILD ?IS NEW POLITICS4 ,BECAUSE RELATION%IPS ) ! ,L& >E ! BASIS ( \R NEW SETTL] POLITIC1 ! 9DIVIDUALS & ORGANIZATIONS :O >E BUILD+ ?OSE RELATION%IPS REPRES5T ! MO/ IMPORTANT POLITICAL PROCESS TAK+ PLACE TODAY4 

,BY P>TICIPAT+ 9 LOGG+ & PIPEL9E BLOCKADES1 FI% F>M OCCUPATIONS1 M9+ %UTD[NS1 & O!R =MS ( DISRUPTIVE DIRECT ACTION1 WE BEG9 TO TRANS=M \R VIOL5T1 DOM9E]+ RELATION%IPS ) ! ,L& 9TO SU/A9ABLE1 MUTUALLY B5EFICIAL RELATION%IPS4 ,LIKEWISE1 BY P>TICIPAT+ 9 EQUALLY REVOLUTION>Y CREATIVE PROJECTS LIKE SMALL SCALE ORGANIC F>MS1 SELECTIVE LOGG+ & VALUE ADD$ MANUFACTUR+1 SMALL SCALE FI%]IES1 DEC5TRALIZ$ R5EWABLE 5]GY RESE>*1 & MORE1 WE />T TO BUILD ! POSITIVE ASPECTS ( ?OSE RELATION%IPS1 RA!R ?AN JU/ HALT+ ! NEGATIVE ASPECTS4 

,) !SE TWO ME?ODS1 BO? DISRUPTIVE & CON/RUCTIVE1 WE CAN BEG9 TO BUILD AUTONOM\S SETTL] 9/ITUTIONS ?AT CAN OP]ATE ALONGSIDE ,9DIG5\S GOV]NM5T SY/EMS TO C>E = ! ,L&1 :I*1 AFT] DECOLONIZATION1 WILL 9CLUDE BO? ,9DIG5\S PEOPLES & SETTL]S4 

,RELATIONAL ,9/ITUTIONS 

,IT IS IMPORTANT H]E TO NOTE ?AT !SE SETTL] RELATION%IPS >E A PR]EQUISITE TO DECOLONIZATION4 ,ANY ATTEMPT TO DECOLONIZE )\T ADDRESS+ \R [N RELATION%IP TO ! ,L& WILL NOT HAVE ! DESIR$ RESULTS4 ,AS WE ADDRESS \R RELATION%IP TO ! ,L& & />T TO REBUILD C]TA9 ASPECTS ( IT1 WE NE$ ALSO TO 9/ITUTIONALIZE ?OSE RELATION%IPS1 & 5SURE ?AT !RE >E A GR\P ( SETTL]S1 A 0CLAN0 IF Y\ WILL1 ?AT WILL ALWAYS C>E = ?AT RELATION%IP1 & WILL SAFEGU>D IT AGA9/ ! ACTIONS ( O!R SETTL]S4 

,?OSE :O >E CURR5TLY D$ICAT+ !IR LIVES TO ! PROTECTION ( ! OLD GR[? W\LD =M ! BASIS ( ! 0,TREE ,CLAN10 ?OSE :O >E TRY+ TO /OP ! HOLL[+ \T ( \R M\NTA9S W\LD =M ! 0,ROCK ,CLAN10 & ?OSE :O D$ICATE !IR LIVES TO /OPP+ ! CON/RUCTION ( MEGA DAMS W\LD =M ! 0,WAT] ,CLAN40 ,!SE >E1 ( C\RSE1 MAJOR SIMPLIFICATIONS = ILLU/RATIONS SAKE1 & ! ACTUAL 0CLANS0 W\LD NE$ TO DEVELOP \T ( ORGANIC ACTION1 BO? DISRUPTIVE & CREATIVE1 & BE =M$ BY ?OSE :O >E PUTT+ ! TIME & EF=T 9TO BUILD+ RELATION%IPS ) EA* ASPECT ( ! ,L&4 

,UND] ?IS SY/EM1 BO? ! F$]AL AS WELL AS ! PROV9CIAL & MUNICIPAL GOV]NM5TS WILL BE DISSOLV$ & REPLAC$ BY AUTONOM\S SETTL] GOV]NM5TS1 OR 0CLANS40 ,AS SU*1 SETTL]S WILL BE RESPONSIBLE = PROVID+ !MSELVES ) FOOD1 WAT]1 HEAL?C>E1 $UCATION1 P[]1 DEF5SE1 TRANSPORTATION1 JU/ICE1 & EV]Y O!R S]VICE NECESS>Y = SOCIETY TO FUNCTION4 

,TO VISUALIZE H[ ?IS W\LD WORK 9 PRACTICE1 WE WILL DRAW ON REAL WORLD EXAMPLES4 ,TAKE ,PORT ,ALB]NI1 A MOD]ATE SIZ$ COA/AL CITY ( AB\T SEV5TE5 ?\S&1 CONTA9+ A PAP] MILL & A FEW SAW MILLS1 AS WELL AS A COMM]CIAL FI%]Y & A L>GE HOSPITAL ?AT S]VICES MANY SURR\ND+ >EAS4 

,AS ! LOCATION ( ! FIR/ SAWMILL 9 ,B,C1 ,PORT ,ALB]NI HAS BE5 SEE+ ECOLOGICAL DEVA/ATION = OV] ONE HUNDR$ FIFTY YE>S4 ,FI% F>MS 9 ,B>KLEY ,S\ND AS WELL AS A COMM]CIAL FI%+ 9DU/RY CAUS$ FI% /OCKS TO CRA% 9 ! #i'S1 & MO/ OLD GR[? 9 ! VALLEY HAS LONG S9CE BE5 CUT D[N4 ,DUE TO ! LOSS ( RES\RCES ! CITY HAS BE5 AGGRESSIVELY CAMPAIGN+ = AN ECO-T\RISM 9DU/RY1 BUT ) NO REAL NATURE LEFT1 IT'S H>D TO IMAG9E IT W\LD G5]ATE ANY REAL REV5UE )\T SOME MAJOR *ANGES TO ! WAY ! PEOPLE RELATE TO ! ,L&4 

,TO DECOLONIZE PORT ALB]NI1 ! FIR/ /EP W\LD BE TO />T BLOCKAD+ ALL CLE> CUT OP]ATIONS 9 ! =E/ >\ND ! CITY1 OR SIMPLY ! MILLS ?AT PROCESS & %IP ! WOOD4 ,AT ! SAME TIME1 LOCAL RESID5TS NE$ TO BE />T+ SMALL SCALE MILLS ?AT >E DESIGN$ TO PROCESS SELECTIVELY H>VE/$ SECOND GR[? 9TO VALUE ADD$ PRODUCTS4 ,!SE SMALL SCALE OP]ATIONS BEG9 TO BUILD RELATION%IPS ) ! =E/S1 & ALL ( ! PEOPLE :O TAKE UP ! PRACTICE ( SU/A9ABLE1 SELECTIVE LOGG+1 AS WELL AS ?OSE :O HAVE BUILT A RELATION%IP ?R\< PROTECT+ ! =E/S1 WILL =M ! 0,TREE ,CLAN0 & WORK \T A RELATION%IP ) ! LOCAL =E/S4 ,MAYBE !Y DET]M9E ?AT 9 ORD] = ! H>VE/ TO NOT ONLY BE SU/A9ABLE1 BUT TO ALL[ = ! =E/S TO REJUV5ATE & MATURE1 !Y CAN'T H>VE/ !IR FULL CAPACITY EA* YE>4 ,P]HAPS !Y ALSO DECIDE ?AT C]TA9 >EAS ( ! =E/ >E COMPLETELY (F LIMITS1 EV5 = SELECTIVE LOGG+4 ,UND] ?IS SY/EM1 IF ANY MEMB] ( ! SETTL] COMMUNITY WANT$ TO CUT A TREE D[N OR S\RCE SOME LUMB]1 !Y W\LD GO TO ! 0,TREE ,CLAN0 = APPROVAL4 ,LIKEWISE1 IF A SETTL] W]E TO CLE> CUT1 OR TO TAKE MORE ?AN IS SU/A9ABLE1 ! 0,TREE ,CLAN0 W\LD BE ! ONES :O DECIDE H[ TO RECTIFY ! TRANSGRESSORS RELATION%IP ) ! =E/4 

,AS SETTL]S />T TO ORGANIZE 9TO ! 0,TREE ,CLAN10 O!R SETTL]S NE$ TO BE %UTT+ D[N 9DU/RIAL FI%+ OP]ATIONS1 & 9/EAD OBTA9+ FI% FROM ,NUU-,*AH-,NUL? FI%]S :O HAVE MA9TA9$ A RELATION%IP ) ! FI% = ?\S&S ( YE>S4 ,AS !SE COMM]CIAL FI%+ OP]ATIONS >E HALT$1 ! SETTL]S NE$ TO =M ! 0,FI% ,CLAN0 TO PROTECT !IR RELATION%IP TO ! FI%1 & TO H&LE MATT]S P]TA9+ TO SETTL]S & FI%4 

,HALT+ COMM]CIAL FI%+ & CLE> CUTT+ >E IMPORTANT /EPS1 BUT >5'T A SOLUTION BY !MSELVES4 ,SETTL]S NE$ TO =M 0CLANS0 >\ND ! PROTECTION ( ALL RES\RCES - \R WAT]1 AIR1 SOIL1 M9]ALS1 ANIMALS1 PLANTS1 MYCELIAL NETWORKS1 & MORE4 ,WE NE$ TO HAVE 9/ITUTIONS SAFE GU>D+ EA* RES\RCE & RELATION%IP1 & TEA*+ ! RE/ ( SETTL] SOCIETY H[ TO ACT 9 ACCORDANCE ) ?OSE RELATION%IPS4 

,AS WE SY/EMATICALLY PROTECT EA* RES\RCE & ASPECT ( ,L& FROM ! EXPLOITATION ( ! COLONIAL SY/EM1 WE BEG9 TO *IP AWAY AT ITS P[] BASE4 ,NO NATION-/ATE CAN EXI/ )\T A L& BASE TO EXPLOIT1 & SO1 WE MU/ *IP AWAY AT ! WAYS 9 :I* CANADA CAN USE ITS L& BASE UNTIL F9ALLY IT LACKS ! P[] TO /OP A COMPLETE ,9DIG5\S TAKEOV]4 ,AS CANADA WEAK5S1 & AS ! RELATION%IPS BETWE5 SETTL]S & ! ,L& GR[S1 WE WILL BEG9 TO UND]/& ?AT WE HAVE AN ABUNDANCE ( EV]Y?+ WE NE$1 SO LONG AS WE >5'T %IPP+ RAW MAT]IALS OV]-SEAS OR 5GAG+ 9 WA/EFUL BEHAVIORS4 

,KEEP+ ) ! EXAMPLE ( ,PORT ,ALB]NI1 IMAG9E ! =E/RY 9DU/RY HAS BE5 TRANSITION$ TO SELECTIVE H>VE/+1 :I* IS WAT*$ OV] BY ! 0,TREE ,CLAN10 ! FI%+ ,9DU/RY IS H&L$ BY ! 0,FI% ,CLAN10 :O MAKE SURE NO SETTL]S H>M ! ,9DIG5\S H>VE/ BY OV] FI%+1 & MO/ ( ! FOOD = ! COMMUNITY IS PROVID$ BY LOCAL F>MS OV]SE5 BY ! 0,ANIMAL ,CLAN0 & 0,PLANT ,CLAN10 :I* >E MADE UP ( LOCALS :O BEGAN TO CREATE SMALL SCALE ORGANIC F>MS1 UTILIZ+ MOD]N TE*NOLOGIES AS WELL AS TRADITIONAL KN[L$GE & LOCAL ORGANIC WA/E TO CREATE A GREAT] YIELD )\T H>M+ ! SOIL4 ,AT ?IS PO9T ! CITY ( PORT ,ALB]NI IS /ILL RAN BY ! MUNICIPAL GOV]NM5T1 & /ILL ANSW]S TO ! PROV9CIAL GOV]NM5T1 BUT EV]Y TIME ! PROV9CE OR ! CITY ISSUES A LIC5SE TO A CORPORATION TO />T A FI%]Y1 CLE> CUT A =E/1 OR H>M ! LOCAL ECOLOGY 9 ANY WAY1 ! PEOPLE SIMPLY BLOCK ! CORPORATION1 MAK+ IT TOO EXP5SIVE TO OP]ATE 9 ! >EA1 & ?US =C+ !M TO MOVE SOME:]E ELSE1 :]E !Y W\LD HOPEFULLY BE MET ) ! SAME K9D ( OPPOSITION4 

,:ILE ALL ( !SE RELATION%IPS & CLANS >E BE+ DEVELOP$1 IT IS ALSO IMPORTANT TO KICK \T /ATE CORPORATIONS LIKE ,B,C ,HYDRO & ,PETRO,CAN AS WELL4 ,9 ORD] TO DO ?IS ! COMMUNITY WILL NE$ TO DEVELOP ALT]NATIVE P[] GRIDS1 SU* AS EQUIPP+ EA* H\SE ) ITS [N SMALL W9DMILL1 FITT+ ALL NEW BUILD+S ) GEO!RMAL HEAT+1 9/ALL+ TIDAL 5]GY 9FRA/RUCTURE1 & MORE4 ,AS EA* H\SE BECOMES MORE P[] & FOOD SELF-SU/A9ABLE IT WILL BECOME MORE & MORE EXP5SIVE = ! /ATE CORPORATIONS TO OP]ATE 9 ! >EA1 ?US FUR!R WEAK5+ ! COLONIAL P[]S4 

,AS !SE NEW RELATION%IPS />T TO HAVE POSITIVE IMPACTS ON ! LOCAL ECOLOGY1 ,9DIG5\S COMMUNITIES 9 ! >EA WILL BEG9 TO REGA9 !IR ECONOMIC /R5G?1 & ) !IR H]$IT>Y LEAD]%IP1 WILL RECLAIM !IR TRADITIONAL T]RITORY4 

,( C\RSE IT WON'T HAPP5 ALL AT ONCE ACROSS ! PROV9CE1 RA!R1 IT WILL HAPP5 NATION BY NATION1 SL[LY CREAT+ A *ECK]BO>D ( SOV]EIGN NATIONS ACROSS BRITI% COLUMBIA4 ,ONCE 9DIVIDUAL NATIONS LIKE ! ,TSE%AHT ( ! ,NUU-,*AH-,NUL? HAVE CLAIM$ AU?ORITY OV] !IR T]RITORY1 LIKE ! ,UNI/'OT5 & ,GIDTIMD5 ( ! ,WET'SUWET'5 >E 9 ! PROCESS ( DO+1 O!RS WILL SOON FOLL[4 ,AS !SE NATIONS MAKE TIES ) EA* O!R & 9CREASE !IR /R5G?1 SO TOO WILL SETTL] 9/ITUTIONS NE$ TO =M RELATION%IPS ) EA*O!R TO PROVIDE SOME SORT ( GOV]NM5T = !MSELVES1 PRESUMABLY BAS$ >\ND ,9DIG5\S MODELS ( AUTONOM\S NATIONS 0%>+ A DI%0 

,! DIFF]5T 0CLANS0 W\LD =M AN IMPORTANT P>T ( ! SETTL] GOV]NM5T1 BUT BY !MSELVES >E AN 9COMPLETE SY/EM4 ,RA!R ?AN BE+ A COHESIVE SY/EM ( GOV]NM5T1 !SE CLANS 9/EAD REPRES5T A PRACTICAL WAY T[>DS DECOLONIZATION1 & WILL =M AN IMPORTANT BASIS = POLITICAL ORGANIZATIONS1 = NO SETTL] GOV]NM5T WILL BE ABLE TO DICTATE TO ! 0,TREE ,CLAN0 :AT IS AN ACCEPTABLE WAY TO BEHAVE T[>DS ! =E/1 RA!R ! 0,TREE ,CLAN0 WILL BE AN IMPORTANT BALANCE ( P[] TO 5SURE ! SETTL] GOV]NM5T DOESN'T TRANSGRESS ITS RELATION%IP ) ! =E/4 

,! PHYSICAL CON/ITUTION ( !SE SETTL] GOV]NM5TS WILL LIKELY CONTA9 AS MU* V>IATION FROM COMMUNITY TO COMMUNITY AS ! ,9DIG5\S NATIONS DO AMONG !MSELVES2 AS SU* IS IMPOSSIBLE TO DESCRIBE EXACTLY :AT IT W\LD LOOK LIKE OR H[ IT W\LD FUNCTION4 ,WE CAN1 H[EV]1 EXAM9E WE/]N REVOLUTION>Y !ORIES 9 ADDITION TO ,9DIG5\S GOV]NANCE SY/EMS1 & BEG9 TO =MULATE A SY/EM ( GOV]NANCE ?AT CAN OP]ATE )9 ! P>AMET]S ( ! DEC5TRALIZ$ AUTONOM\S NATIONS ( ! NEWLY DECOLONIZ$ ,9DIG5\S PEOPLE4 ,?IS PROJECT1 H[EV]1 WILL NE$ TO BE COV]$ 9 ANO!R ESSAY4 

,CONCLUSION 

,DECOLONIZATION WILL BE A LONG1 COMPLEX PROCESS1 ) MANY /EPS =W>D & MANY /EPS BACK1 BUT IT IS A PROCESS1 ) CONCRETE PHYSICAL GA9S4 ,9DIG5\S PEOPLES HAVE BE5 WORK+ AT ?IS PROCESS S9CE CONTACT1 & WILL CONT9UE TO WORK AT IT UNTIL !IR GOALS >E REALIZ$4 ,WE AS SETTL]S HAVE A RESPONSIBILITY TO JO9 9 ?AT FI<T & TO HELP DISMANTLE ! OPPRESSIVE COLONIAL SY/EMS ?AT WE ALL B5EFIT FROM4 ,DISRUPTIVE & CREATIVE ACTIVITIES AS DESCRIB$ ABOVE REPRES5T REAL PROGRESS1 & AS SETTL]S CONT9UE TO P>TICIPATE 9 =E/RY BLOCKADES1 PIPEL9E BLOCKADES1 FI% F>M OCCUPATIONS1 M9E %UT D[NS & MORE1 WE BEG9 TO SY/EMATICALLY DISMANTLE ! P[] /RUCTURES ?AT HANG OV] US1 REPLAC+ !M ) LIB]ATORY 9/ITUTIONS ?AT C>E = ! NATURAL WORLD >\ND US4 

,TOGE!R ) ,9DIG5\S W>RIORS1 *IEFS1 WOM51 #b SPIRITS1 MATRI>*S1 ELD]S1 M$IC9E PEOPLE & KN[L$GE KEEP]S1 WE WILL %IFT ! P>ADIGM1 & BUILD SETTL] RELATIONALITIES ) ! ,L&4 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,JANU>Y #b#i1 #bba 3 ,DECOLONIZ+ ,BRITI% ,COLUMBIA -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #g1 #bbb 3 ,DECOLONIZ+ ,BRITI% ,COLUMBIA -- ,UPDAT$4 

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