,DIS>M ,AU?ORITY6 ,>M ,Y\R ,DESIRES6 ,C4,A4,L4 ,PRESS ,/ATEM5T 

#aihi 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,COLUMBIA ,AN>*I/ ,LEAGUE 

,TEXT 3 

,COMMON P]SPECTIVES ON \RSELVES1 \R WORLD & SOCIAL *ANGE 

,?IS /ATEM5T IS AN UPDAT$ V]SION ( :AT WAS ORIG9ALLY A /ATEM5T ( ,COLUMBIA ,AN>*I/ ,LEAGUE POSITIONS ADOPT$ 9 ! SPR+ ( #a#i#h#e1 & REVIS$ 9 LATE SPR+ ( #a#i#h#i1 :ILE ! GR\P /ILL EXI/$4 ,IT IS NOT MEANT TO BE A F9I%$ OR UNALT]ABLE /ATEM5T BUT IT REMA9S A GOOD REFLECTION ( ! P]SPECTIVES ( ,C4,A4,L4 ,PRESS ?AT UND]LY ! F\ND+ & CONT9U+ PUBLICATION ( ?IS MAGAZ9E4 ,CRITICAL COMM5TS >E WELCOME & WILL BE TAK5 UND] CONSID]ATION = FUTURE V]SIONS ( ?IS /ATEM5T4 ,! OV]ALL =M & A FEW ( ! BASIC PO9TS ( ?IS /ATEM5T W]E ORIG9ALLY 9SPIR$ BY ,BRITI% ,SOLID>ITY'S 0,AS ,WE ,SEE ,IT40 ,FUR!R PO9TS 9CLUD$ 9 ?IS /ATEM5T RESULT FROM !ORETICAL & PRACTICAL 9FLU5CES ORIG9AT+ FROM ! ,SITUATIONI/ ,9T]NATIONAL1 FROM ,FR$Y ,P]LMAN & ! ,DETROIT ,BLACK @& ,R$ GR\P1 & MANY O!RS4 

 ,?R\<\T ! WORLD ! VA/ MAJORITY ( PEOPLE HAVE NO CONTROL OV] ! MO/ BASIC SOCIAL1 ECONOMIC & POLITICAL DECISIONS :I* PR(\NDLY & DIRECTLY AFFECT !IR LIVES4 ,WE >E =C$ TO LIVE1 WORK1 CONSUME & DIE ACCORD+ TO ! DICTATES ( HI]>*ICAL ORGANIZATIONS-FROM S*OOLS1 *UR*ES1 CORPORATIONS & UNIONS1 TO !IR CULM9ATION 9 ! NATION-/ATE4 ,WE >E 9DOCTR9AT$ 9 GOV]NM5T-RUN & RELIGI\S S*OOLS4 ,WE >E =C$ TO SELL \R LIVES & LABOR 9 CAPITALI/ ECONOMIES1 :ILE ?OSE :O [N & CONTROL ! MEANS ( PRODUCTION NOT ONLY PR(IT FROM \R TOIL1 BUT DET]M9E ! %APE & DISPOSITION ( EV] L>G] >EAS ( BO? ! SOCIAL & NATURAL WORLDS4 ,& WE >E REGIM5T$1 TAX$ & C[$ BY 9TEGRAT$ SY/EMS ( LOCAL1 REGIONAL & NATIONAL GOV]NM5TS4 ,!Y NOT ONLY MAKE LAWS REGULAT+ \R WORK1 CULTURE & SOCIAL 9T]C\RSE1 BUT MA9TA9 VA/ PROPAG&A APP>ATUSES1 POLICE =CES1 PRISON SY/EMS1 >MIES1 SURVEILLANCE NETWORKS1 & -- TO 5SURE \R COMPLIANCE -- EV5 TORTURE C5T]S & DEA? SQUADS :5 NECESS>Y4 

 ,! HI]>*ICAL & ALI5AT+ ORGANIZATION ( SOCIAL LIFE IMPOS$ UPON US BY !SE DOM9ANT 9/ITUTIONS CREATES CONT9UAL CRISES 9 EV]Y P]SON'S LIFE1 & 9 EV]Y REALM ( HUMAN ACTIVITY4 ,!SE CRISES (T5 APPE> MO/ 9T5SELY 9 ! REALM ( PRODUCTION -- 9 :I* MO/ ( US MU/ EA* DAY SELL L>GE PORTIONS ( \R LIVES = A WAGE ?AT CAN NEV] POSSIBLY REPAY US = :AT IS 9 TURN TAK5 FROM US4 ,WE >E =C$ TO LABOR UND] A SY/EM :I* ALL[S US NEI!R CONTROL ( ! CONT5T ( \R WORK1 NOR ITS CONDITIONS1 ITS ORGANIZATION1 OR ITS PURPOSE & MEAN+4 ,& WE DO ALL ?IS 9 EX*ANGE = ! 0PRIVILEGE0 ( BUY+ A FEW MASS-PRODUC$ COMMODITIES & /&>DIZ$ S]VICES ?AT WILL ALWAYS REMA9 EMPTY & UNSATISFY+ SUB/ITUTES = ! RI* & JOYFUL LIVES WE ALL 9 ACTUALITY DESIRE4 ,9 FACT1 NE>LY EV]Y FACET ( LIFE 9 MOD]N SOCIETY HAS BY N[ BE5 COLONIZ$ BY HI]>*Y & ALI5ATION -- FAMILY LIFE1 SEXUALITY1 $UCATION1 CULTURE1 KN[L$GE1 COMMUNICATION1 HEAL? C>E1 TRANSPORTATION1 ETC4 ,EV]Y:]E ! DOM9ANT SOCIAL 9/ITUTIONS IMPOSE ON PEOPLE AN ORGANIZATION ( !IR DAILY LIVES ?AT IS EXT]NAL TO !M4 ,EV]Y?+ IS ORGANIZ$ = ULT]IOR PURPOSES1 )\T ! FREE & CONSCI\S P>TICIPATION ( ?OSE MO/ DIRECTLY CONC]N$1 & USUALLY AGA9/ PEOPLE'S ACTUAL VALUES1 ASPIRATIONS & 9T]E/S4 ,AS A RESULT ( ?IS1 IT ISN'T V]Y SURPRIS+ ?AT PEOPLE EXP]I5CE MANY ASPECTS ( !IR LIVES & BODIES AS BE+ UNREAL -- ALI5 TO !M -- OR AS BE+ SUBJECT TO IRRESI/IBLE =CES ( MY/IFY+ ORIG9S4 

 ,! POV]TY1 ! MEAN+LESSNESS & ! ALI5ATION ( EV]YDAY LIFE 9 ! MOD]N WORLD >E NOT ACCID5TAL BYPRODUCTS ( AN O!RWISE S\ND SOCIAL SY/EM4 ,!Y >E ! 9EVITABLE & PRIM>Y PRODUCTS ( A SY/EM :I* AT ITS CORE IS NOT ONLY DISA/R\SLY C\NT]PRODUCTIVE1 BUT 9 ITS PRES5T NUCLE>1 DIGITAL & BIOTE* PHASE IS 9CREAS+LY SUICIDAL4 ,?IS SY/EM CONSI/S ( A RELATIVELY COH]5T /RUCTURE ( SELF-RE9=C+ SOCIAL RELATIONS ( COMPULSION1 HI]>*ICAL AU?ORITY & COMMODITY-EX*ANGE :OSE COMMON BASIS CAN POSSIBLY BE MO/ EASILY UND]/OOD US+ ! CONCEPT ( ALI5ATION4 ,! WORD 0ALI5ATION0 D5OTES ! PROCESS BY :I* PEOPLE'S ACTS CAN BECOME E/RANG$ -- & NO LONG] APPE> OR BE FELT AS !IR [N4 ,! 9/ITUTION ( HUMAN SLAV]Y1 = EXAMPLE1 9VOLVES AN OBVI\S PROCESS ( ALI5ATION ( ! SLAVE'S LIFE-ACTIVITY4 ,:5 ORIG9ALLY FREE PEOPLE W]E FIR/ CAPTUR$ BY SLAVEHOLD+ SOCIETIES1 IT WAS NECESS>Y TO =CIBLY 5?RALL$ !M S9CE !Y NATURALLY REALIZ$ ?AT ! WORK1 DEF]5CE & PASSIVITY REQUIR$ ( !M WAS ABSOLUTELY ALI5 TO !IR [N DESIRES & WILL4 ,! UNITY ( !IR DESIRES1 WILL & ACTIVITY WAS BROK51 BUT !Y C\LD EASILY FEEL & UND]/& ?IS ALI5ATION BECAUSE ( 7& ALSO RESULT+ 97 ! NECESSITY ( ITS CON/ANT IMPOSITION BY =CE4 ,H[EV]1 ONCE !IR SLAV]Y HAD BE5 =C$ = A C]TA9 TIME1 !Y1 W\LD CONSCI\SLY DEVELOP HABITS ( SELF-REPRESSION TO AVOID BE+ PUNI%$ = =GETT+ ! ROLE !Y W]E REQUIR$ TO PLAY4 ,!Y W\LD ADAPT TO ! EXPECTATIONS ( ! SLAVEHOLD]S BY LE>N+ H[ TO BE SLAVES & ?9K+ ( !MSELVES AS SLAVES1 ALBEIT RELUCTANT ONES4 ,& F9ALLY1 MANY ( !M W\LD OV] TIME 7& ESPECIALLY ) ! PASS+ ( G5]ATIONS7 COME TO REALLY SEE !MSELVES AS SLAVES1 TO BELIEVE ?AT SLAV]Y WAS A NATURAL 9/ITUTION1 & ?AT IT WAS !IR NATURAL PLACE TO BE SLAVES4 ,!IR HABITS ( SELF-REPRESSION W\LD BECOME SO 9T]NALIZ$ & UNCONSCI\S ?AT !Y W\LD =GET !Y W]E ORIG9ALLY ONLY CONSCI\SLY DEVELOP$ HABITS4 ,!Y BECAME SLAVES 9 FACT1 & IF ! OPPORTUNITY W\LD COME = !M TO ESCAPE !Y W\LD NO LONG] REALIZE ?AT SOME:]E DEEP 9SIDE !Y WANT$ TO ESCAPE & LIVE !IR [N LIVES4 ,!IR ALI5ATION WAS SO COMPLETE ?AT !Y C\LD NO LONG] FEEL !IR DESIRES AS !IR [N1 OR EX]CISE !IR WILLS1 \TSIDE ( A %>PLY CIRCUMSCRIB$ >EA ( !IR LIVES4 ,! PROCESS ( ALI5ATION 9VOLV$ 9 ! 9/ITUTION ( SLAV]Y IS ANALOG\S TO ! PROCESS ( SOCIALIZATION ?R\< :I* WE ALL LE>N \R [N 'NATURAL0 PLACES )9 CONTEMPOR>Y 9/ITUTIONS LIKE ! NUCLE> FAMILY1 COMPULSORY 7MIS7$UCATION1 WAGE-SLAV]Y1 REPRES5TATIVE DEMOCRACY1 ETC4 ,MO/ ( US >E N[ SO ALI5AT$ ?AT WE NO LONG] FEEL \R REPRESS$ DESIRES AS \R [N4 ,NOR >E WE ABLE TO EX]CISE \R WILLS \TSIDE ( A N>R[ >EA :I* HAS BE5 (FICIALLY DESIGNAT$ AS \R REALITY BY ALL ! AU?ORITIES & ALL ! DOM9ANT 9/ITUTIONS :I* DEF9E \R LIVES4 

 ,! CURR5T CRISIS ( MASSIVE ECOLOGICAL DE/RUCTION CAN BE SE5 AS ONE ( ! UN9T5D$ RESULTS ( ! RELATIVELY UN*ECK$ PROGRESS ( MOD]N SOCIAL ALI5ATION4 ,NOT ONLY HAVE WE BE5 MADE SLAVES \RSELVES1 BUT MU* ( ! NATURAL WORLD IS N[ TREAT$ AS A SLAVE TO \R DOM9ANT 9/ITUTIONS4 ,?IS P>TIAL 5SLAVEM5T ( NATURE HAS BE5 MADE POSSIBLE BY ! PROGRESSIVE DEVELOPM5T ( AN ALI5AT$ MOD]N SCI5CE 9 CONJUNCTION ) ! EXPON5TIAL GR[? ( AN EXTREMELY ALI5AT$ ECONOMY & TE*NOLOGY4 ,MU* E>LI] & MORE 0PRIMITIVE0 SOCIETIES & CIVILIZATIONS HAVE LAID WA/E TO VA/ /RET*ES ( ! NATURAL WORLD -- ?R\< DE=E/ATION1 OV]-GRAZ+1 & AGRICULTURAL PILLAGE ( ! SOIL4 ,!SE PRACTICES1 ESPECIALLY 9 CONJUNCTION ) ! 9T5SIVE EXPLOITATION 9VOLV$ 9 ! BUILD+ ( ]NPIRE-/ATES1 HAVE OCCASIONALLY EV5 RESULT$ 9 ! CREATION ( VA/ DES]TS4 ,H[EV]1 ! CURR5T SY/EMATIC & PROGRESSIVE DEGRADATION & DE/RUCTION ( \R NATURAL 5VIRONM5T IS UNPREC$5T$4 ,AL?\< ! SE$S ( \R ECOLOGICAL CRISIS HAVE BE5 IMPLICIT ALL ALONG 9 ! V]Y PREMISES & /RUCTURE ( HUMAN CIVILIZATION1 IT HAS BE5 ONLY ) ! RELATIVELY REC5T RISE ( 9DU/RIAL CAPITALISM ?AT ?IS CRISIS C\LD REA* SU* AN 9T5SIVE & WORLDWIDE SCOPE4 ,! CAPITALI/ SY/EM ( 9DU/RIAL EXPLOITATION1 :5 COMB9$ ) ! P[] ( A N>R[LY SCI5TIFIC & TE*NICAL RATIONALITY1 HAS SUCCE$$ 9 TURN+ EV]Y ASPECT ( \R SELVES & \R WORLD 9TO POT5TIAL RES\RCES4 ,BY OBJECTIFY+1 CLASSIFY+ & ANALYZ+ EV]Y?+ 9 T]MS ( ITS VALUE = DOM9ATION & EX*ANGE 7& BY SUBORD9AT+ ALL O!R =MS ( KN[L$GE1 P]CEPTION & EXP]I5CE TO ?IS N>R[ VISION71 MOD]N SCI5CE HAS R$UC$ ! V]Y IDEA ( NATURE TO :ATEV] CAN BE M9$ OR EXTRACT$ -- )\T REG>D = ITS NON-ECONOMIC VALUE4 ,SCI5TISM1 OR POSITIVISM 79 O!R WORDS1 SCI5CE CONCEIV$ AS AN IDEOLOGY71 HAS SO SUCCE$$ 9 5*ANT+ & MY/IFY+ \R EXP]I5CES ( \R NATURAL & SOCIAL WORLDS ?AT MO/ PEOPLE N[ UNSELF-CONSCI\SLY SPEAK 9 ITS ALI5AT+ T]MS AS IF SCI5TIFIC DESCRIPTIONS REALLY >E ID5TICAL ) ! REALITY WE LIVE6 ,! CAPITALI/_/TE*NOLOGICAL PROJECT 7& IMPLICITLY ! PROJECT ( ALL CIVILIZATION7 IS (T5 T]M$ ! 0DOM9ATION ( NATURE40 ,?IS ATTEMPT AT DOM9ATION BEGAN ) ! SUBJUGATION ( \R [N NATURES1 R$UC+ HUMAN BE+S TO ! /ATUS ( M]E MA*9ES1 9 ORD] TO CREATE ! SOCIAL MA*9]Y :I* N[ ASPIRES TO DEV\R ! RE/ ( NATURE4 ,?IS :OLE HI/ORICAL PROCESS IS :AT LIES BEH9D ! 9CREAS+LY P]VASIVE IDEA ?AT WE >E ALI5AT$ FROM NATURE4 ,?\< ALL TOO (T5 9 PRACTICE ! CONCEPTION ( \R ALI5ATION FROM NATURE IS ITSELF MY/IFI$ BY R$UC+ IT TO ! /ATUS ( A RELIGI\S OR METAPHYSICAL1 OR EV5 A BIOLOGICAL PH5OM5ON4 

 ,ACCORD+ TO ! CLASSICAL DESCRIPTION ( ALI5ATION 9 ! REALM ( WORK UND] CAPITALISM1 :5 PEOPLE'S LABOR-ACTIVITY IS SOLD TO CAPITALI/S 9 EX*ANGE = A WAGE1 ?IS LABOR-ACTIVITY IS ALI5AT$4 ,IT IS CONTROLL$ BY ! CAPITALI/ 7:E!R ! CAPITALI/ IS A P]SON OR AN 9/ITUTION SU* AS A CORPORATION OR ! /ATE7 & NOT BY ! 9DIVIDUAL OR COMMUNITY4 ,SO ! 9DIVIDUAL WORK] F9DS H]_/HIMSELF ACT+ ACCORD+ TO ! DICTATES ( A LOGIC ?AT IS EXT]NALLY IMPOS$4 ,S_/HE BECOMES A M]E COG 9 ! MA*9]Y ( A PRODUCTIVE APP>ATUS :I* HAS A PURPOSE ABOVE & BEYOND ?OSE ( ALL ! WORK]S 9VOLV$ 9 IT4 ,EA* 9DIVIDUAL WORK] IS ISOLAT$ FROM ! RE/ AS MU* AS POSSIBLE BY ! CORPORATE OR BUREAUCRATIC MANAGEM5T ( L>GE BUS9ESSES1 :ILE ! L9ES ( HI]>*ICAL AU?ORITY MA9TA9 DISCIPL9E )9 A RIGID DIVISION ( LABOR 9 AN ORGANIZATIONAL SY/EM DESIGN$ TO MAKE PR(ITS1 ACCUMULATE CAPITAL1 & REPRODUCE ! P[] ( ! MANAG]S4 ,! COLLECTIVE ACTIVITY ( ALL ! ATOMIZ$ WORK+ PEOPLE ?US CONT9UALLY REPRODUCES AN 5TIRE ORGANIZATIONAL SY/EM :I* APPE>S TO TAKE ON AN 9]TIA & DIRECTION ( ITS [N AS EV5 ! ACTIONS ( ! MANAG]S BECOME MORE & MORE RIGIDLY DET]M9$ BY ! LOGIC ( ORGANIZATIONAL REPRODUCTION & EXPANSION TO :I* !Y TOO MU/ SUBMIT4 

 ,IRONICALLY1 IT IS PEOPLE'S [N ALI5AT$ GE/URES1 ?\<TS & LABOR-ACTIVITY ?AT MAKE UP ! ACTUAL SUB/ANCE ( ! 9/ITUTIONS :I* 9 TURN OPPRESS !M4 ,& ! SAME PROCESS ( ALI5ATION TAKES PLACE NOT ONLY 9 ! REALM ( PRODUCTION & ! DOM9ATION ( NATURE1 BUT ALSO 9 EV]Y O!R SPH]E ( SOCIAL ACTIVITY4 ,?IS RESULTS 9 AN 5TIRE SOCIAL WORLD ?AT ALWAYS APPE>S TO BE \T ( ANYONE'S CONTROL1 MOV+ 9EXORABLY ALONG ITS [N MY/IFY+ PA? ACCORD+ TO ITS [N HI]>*ICAL & ALI5 LOGIC4 ,?US ! ECONOMY IS SAID TO REGULATE ITSELF ) ! 9FLU5CE ( AN 09VISIBLE H&0 ?R\< :I* WE BECOME VICTIMS ( DEPRESSIONS1 9FLATION1 UNEMPLOYM5T1 ETC4 ,& 9 ! POLITICAL SPH]E ! ORGANS ( LOCAL1 REGIONAL & NATIONAL GOV]NM5T EXHIBIT SIMIL> PH5OM5A4 ,! POLITICAL P>TIES BECOME MORE & MORE ! SAME1 :ILE NONE >E EV] CAPABLE ( CONTROLL+ = LONG ! CRISES :I* PROMPT !IR ELECTION 7OR !IR C\PS D'ETAT74 ,ALL GOV]NM5TS >E =C$ TO SUBMIT TO ! SAME ALI5 LOGIC ( ! SAME 9T]NATIONAL SY/EM4 ,EA/ & WE/1 RESULTS >E BASICALLY ! SAME ?\< ! MEANS BE DIFF]5T4 ,& 9 ALL ! O!R SPH]ES ( LIFE ?AT HAVE BECOME DOM9AT$ BY HI]>*ICAL =MS ( ORGANIZATION ! 9DIVIDUAL IS SUBJECT$ TO ! SAME PROCESSES S9CE BY DEF9ITION ALL HI]>*ICAL ORGANIZATION 9VOLVES COMPULSION1 & COMPULSION ALWAYS REQUIRES ?AT ! 9DIVIDUAL ALI5ATE HIS_/H] [N ACTIVITY1 9 ORD] TO FIT HIM_/H]SELF 9TO ! ROLES REQUIR$4 ,ULTIMATELY1 ! MORE \R LIVES >E DEVOT$ TO P]=M+ ALL ! ALI5AT+ ROLES ( HI]>*ICAL COMMODITY SOCIETY1 ! LESS WE >E ABLE TO LIVE -- ! LESS \R LIVES >E 9 ANY S5SE REALLY \R [N4 

 ,SOCIAL ALI5ATION IS NOT ONLY GR\ND$ 9 \R 9/ITUTIONS4 ,IT IS EMB$D$ )9 ! V]Y FABRIC ( \R SOCIAL & 7:AT IS LEFT (7 COMMUNAL LIFE4 ,IT P]VADES EV]YDAY ACTIVITY & ITS DISC\RSE4 ,\R SOCIAL TRADITIONS1 CU/OMS1 MORES1 CONV5TIONS & S5SIBILITIES HAVE BE5 /EEP$ SO CONSI/5TLY & = SO LONG 9 ! /EW ( REITICATION & HI]>*ICAL RELATIONS ?AT IT CAN (T5 SEEM ?AT ALL ( SOCIETY /&S AGA9/ US AS AN ALI5 5TITY4 ,! HEAVY WEI<T ( ALL ! SOCIAL MY?OLOGIES :I* CRU% US HAS 9CREAS+LY =C$ ANY POSSIBILITIES = AU!NTIC 9DIVIDUATION1 P]SONAL AUTONOMY & G5U9E COMMUNITY F>!R & F>!R TO ! M>G9S ( SOCIAL EXI/5CE4 ,! MUTUAL RELATION%IP ( SUPPORT BETWE5 ! 9DIVIDUALS :O MAKE UP SOCIETY & ! SOCIETY :I* GIVES BIR? TO ! 9DIVIDUAL1 HAS 9CREAS+LY BROK5 D[N4 ,! MULTIPLICATION ( SOCIAL DIVISIONS & SEP>ATIONS HAS 9CREAS+LY COMP>TM5TALIZ$ EV]Y ASPECT ( EXI/5CE & %UT !M (F FROM ONE ANO!R4 ,! P]SONAL HAS BE5 SET AGA9/ ! PUBLIC SPH]E1 ! OLD AGA9/ ! Y\NG1 & VISE V]SA4 ,SEXUALITY HAS BE5 RELEGAT$ TO ! B$ROOM & ! M>KETPLACE1 ) ALL O!R V5UES =BIDD54 ,! DEM&S ( ALL ! COMPULSORY SOCIAL ROLES -- WORK] @& /UD5T1 CONSUM]1 HUSB& @& WIFE1 T\RI/ @& RESID5T1 ADULT @& *ILD1 S+LE1 GAY1 CRIPPLE & HOMELESS -- HAVE LEFT LESS & LESS ROOM = ! EXPRESSION ( G5U9E P]SONAL DIFF]5CE4 ,SIMIL>LY1 ! FANATICAL SEP>ATION ( EMOTION FROM REASON1 & ( ! S5SUAL FROM ! PRACTICAL HAS PROGRESSIVELY DIM9I%$ ! SOCIAL POSSIBILITIES = ! EXPRESSION ( EI!R SIDE ( !SE >TIFICIAL DI*OTOMIES4 ,! ALI5ATION 9H]5T 9 ! ONE-SID$ RATIONALITY ( DOM9ATION & PRODUCTION HAS L$ MANY TO EMBRACE V>I\S =MS ( ! IRRATIONAL 9 ITS /EAD4 ,:ILE O!RS HAVE S\<T TO DEVELOP A MORE 9CLUSIVE & 9TEGRAL CONCEPTION ( REASON4 ,9 A V]Y IMPORTANT S5SE1 ! DEVELOPM5T ( HUMAN RATIONALITY IS 9EXTRICABLE FROM ! MORE G5]AL DEVELOPM5T ( HUMAN EVOLUTION 7REA*+ BACK 9TO ! REALM ( ! PRE-HUMAN1 & BY IMPLICATION TO ALL ( ! RE/ ( NATURE74 ,YET ! V>I$ MEAN+S :I* >E GIV5 TO ! IDEAS ( REASON & UNREASON USUALLY M]ELY REFLECT ! FLIP-SIDES ( ! CO9 ( ALI5ATION-POSITIVI/ BOR$OM OR IRRATIONALI/ 9COH]5CE4 

 ,PEOPLE >E NEV] M]ELY ! PASSIVE VICTIMS ( AN EXT]NALLY IMPOS$ REPRESSION & MANIPULATION4 ,?R\< \R SOCIALIZATION 7\R SOCIAL CONDITION+7 9TO ?IS SOCIETY1 WE HAVE EA* LE>N$ TO P>TICIPATE TO DIFF]+ DEGREES 9 \R [N SELF-REPRESSION & SELF-MANIPULATION4 ,\R CON=MITY IS 5=C$1 NOT ONLY BY ! BOSSES' ORD]S & ! POLICEMAN'S GUN1 BUT BY ! 9T]NALIZ$ BOSS & POLICEMAN ( \R [N BEHAVIOR ?AT EA* ( US C>RIES )9 US1 & :I* WE CALL *>ACT]4 ,*>ACT] IS ! =M TAK5 BY ALI5ATION 9 ! 9DIVIDUAL4 ,IT IS LIKE A LAY] ( DEAD5$ PSY*IC SC> TISSUE OR AN >MOR+ :I* EA* ( US HAS BE5 =C$ TO DEVELOP 9 ORD] TO COPE ) A HI]>*ICAL & ALI5AT+ SOCIETY4 ,BY DEVELOP+ ?IS UNCONSCI\S LAY] ( >MOR+ 7?IS HABITUAL LAY] ( COMPULSIVE SELF-REPRESSION7 WE PROTECT \RSELVES FROM SOME ( ! H>%] EFFECTS ( HI]>*Y & ALI5ATION1 BUT ONLY AT ! GREAT CO/ ( BO? ISOLAT+ & 9HIBIT+ \RSELVES1 AS WELL AS DE=M+ \R ACTIVITIES & ?\<TS4 ,*>ACT] CAN BE V>I\SLY MANIFE/$ AS3 COMPULSIVE 9HIBITIONS1 *RONIC MUSCUL> T5SIONS & ANXIETIES1 *RONIC FEEL+S ( GUILT1 P]CEPTUAL BLOCKS OR A *RONIC N>R[+ ( ! P]CEPTUAL FIELD1 EXAGG]AT$ RESPECT = AU?ORITY FIGURES1 ADH]5CE TO DOGMAS & AN 9ABILITY TO ?9K = ONESELF1 COMPULSIVE FE>S OR P>ANOIA1 *RONIC FEEL+S ( 9SECURITY1 COMPULSIVE ROLE-PLAY+ & 9ABILITY TO DROP PRET5SES 9 ORD] TO 'BE ONESELF10 RELIGI\S BELIEFS & BELIEFS 9 O!R TYPES ( ABSOLUTES1 RACI/1 SEXI/ OR AGEI/ ATTITUDES1 AD NAUSEAM4 ,*>ACT] IS ! 9TEGRAT$ ORGANIZATION ( ALL ! 9T]NALIZ$ HABITUAL 9CAPACITIES :I* S]VE TO ADAPT 9DIVIDUALS TO ! DEM&S ( AN IRRATIONAL SOCIETY4 ,IT IS ! MEANS BY :I* HI]>*ICAL & ALI5AT+ SOCIAL /RUCTURES HAVE 9VAD$ & COLONIZ$ \R V]Y BODIES & EXP]I5CE4 ,WE HAVE ALL BE5 CRIPPL$ BY IT4 ,MANY PEOPLE HAVE BE5 SO MUTILAT$ ?AT !Y N[ ID5TIFY MORE ) REPRESSIVE & EXPLOITATIVE 9/ITUTIONS ?AN ) !IR [N SPONTANE\S IMPULSES1 DESIRES & FEEL+S4 ,*>ACT] IS A ME*ANISM CREAT$ BY ! 9T]ACTION ( ! =CES ( SOCIAL CONDITION+ & \R RESPONSES TO !M4 ,IT 5ABLES US ABOVE ALL TO TREAT O!RS & \RSELVES 7& BE TREAT$ BY O!RS7 AS COMMODITIES ON ! M>KET TO BE B\<T & SOLD1 & AS OBJECTS )9 HI]>*IES TO BE ORD]$ & MANIPULAT$4 ,HI]>*ICAL CAPITALI/ SOCIETY DEM&S ?AT HUMAN BE+S BE TREAT$ EV]Y:]E AS IF !Y >E REALLY ONLY OBJECTS4 ,! DEVELOPM5T ( *>ACT] IS \R WAY ( BECOM+ ?OSE OBJECTS & =GETT+ ?AT WE W]E ONCE SOME?+ MORE4.<#a.> 

 ,IDEOLOGY IS ! MANIFE/ATION ( *>ACT] 9 ! REALM ( LOGIC1 LANGUAGE & SYMBOLS4 ,IT IS ! MEANS BY :I* ALI5ATION & HI]>*IES 7& ?US *>ACT]7 >E ALL RATIONALIZ$ & JU/IFI$ ?R\< ! DE=MATION ( HUMAN ?\<T & COMMUNICATION4 ,ALL IDEOLOGY 9 ESS5CE 9VOLVES ! SUB/ITUTION ( ALI5 CONCEPTS OR IMAGES = HUMAN SUBJECTIVITY4 ,IDEOLOGIES >E SY/EMS ( FALSE CONSCI\SNESS 9 :I* PEOPLE NO LONG] SEE !MSELVES AS SUBJECTS 9 !IR RELATION TO !IR WORLD4 ,9/EAD !Y SEE !MSELVES 9 SOME MANN] AS ?\< !Y >E SUBORD9AT$ TO SOME TYPE OR O!R ( AB/RACT 5TITIES :I* BECOME ! 0REAL0 SUBJECTS OR ACTORS 9 !IR WORLD4 ,:5EV] ANY SY/EM ( IDEAS & DUTIES IS /RUCTUR$ ) AN AB/RACTION AT ITS C5T] -- ASSIGN+ PEOPLE ROLES OR DUTIES = ITS [N SAKE -- SU* A SY/EM IS ALWAYS AN IDEOLOGY4 ,ALL ! V>I\S =MS ( IDEOLOGY >E /RUCTUR$ >\ND DIFF]5T AB/RACTIONS1 YET !Y ALL ALWAYS S]VE ! 9T]E/S ( HI]>*ICAL & ALI5AT+ SOCIAL /RUCTURES1 S9CE !Y >E HI]>*Y & ALI5ATION 9 ! REALM ( ?\<T & COMMUNICATION4 ,EV5 IF AN IDEOLOGY OPPOSES HI]>*Y OR ALI5ATION 9 ITS CONT5T1 ITS =M /ILL REMA9S CONSI/5T ) :AT IS OPPOS$1 & ?IS =M WILL ALWAYS T5D TO UND]M9E ! APP>5T CONT5T ( ! IDEOLOGY4 ,:E!R ! AB/RACTION IS ,GOD1 ! ,/ATE1 ,TE*NOLOGY1 ! ,FAMILY1 ,HUMANITY1 ,PEACE1 ,ECOLOGY1 ,NATURE1 ,WORK1 ,LOVE1 OR EV5 ,FRE$OM2 IF IT IS CONCEIV$ & PRES5T$ AS IF IT IS A SUBJECT ) A BE+ ( ITS [N :I* MAKES DEM&S ( US1 !N IT IS ! C5T] ( AN IDEOLOGY1 & IT IS ?US A LIE4 ,CAPITALISM1 ,9DIVIDUALISM1 ,COMMUNISM1 ,SOCIALISM1 & ,PACIFISM >E EA* IDEOLOGICAL 9 SOME RESPECT AS !Y >E USUALLY CONCEIV$4 ,RELIGION & ,MORALITY >E ALWAYS IDEOLOGICAL BY !IR V]Y DEF9ITIONS4 ,EV5 RESI/ANCE1 REVOLUTION & AN>*Y.<#b.> (T5 TAKE ON IDEOLOGICAL DIM5SIONS :5 WE >E NOT C>EFUL TO MA9TA9 A CRITICAL AW>5ESS ( H[ WE >E ?9K+ & :AT ! ACTUAL PURPOSES ( \R ?\<TS >E4 ,IDEOLOGY IS NE>LY UBIQUIT\S4 ,FROM ADV]TISEM5TS & COMM]CIALS1 TO ACADEMIC TREATISES & SCI5TIFIC /UDIES1 ALMO/ EV]Y ASPECT ( CONTEMPOR>Y ?9K+ & COMMUNICATION IS IDEOLOGICAL1 & ITS REAL MEAN+ = HUMAN SUBJECTS IS LO/ UND] LAY]S ( MY/IFICATION & CONFUSION4 

 ,AT ! EPITOME ( IDEOLOGICAL MY/IFICATION LIES ! SPECTACLE4 ,! SPECTACLE IS ! ORGANIZATION ( APPE>ANCES MADE POSSIBLE ?R\< ALL ! MOD]N M$IA ( COMMUNICATION4 ,! EASE ) :I* IMAGES CAN BE DETA*$ FROM !IR S\RCES & REORGANIZ$ = REPRES5TATION 9 !SE M$IA 9 ACCORD ) ! IDEOLOGIES ( \R DOM9ANT 9/ITUTIONS =MS ! TE*NICAL BASIS = ! MANIPULATION ( NOT JU/ ISOLAT$ IMAGES & IDEOLOGIES1 BUT ( ! APPE>ANCE ( REALITY ITSELF4 ,AS ! SCOPE & P[] ( ! SPECTACUL> ORGANIZATION ( SOCIETY 9CREASES1 MORE & MORE ( :AT WAS ONCE DIRECTLY LIV$1 HAS BE5 R$UC$ TO ITS RE-PRES5TATION AS IMAGES TO BE CONSUM$4 ,= ! ORGANIZATION ( SPECTACUL> ACTIVITY IS ALSO ! ORGANIZATION ( ! ACTUAL SOCIAL PASSIVITY ( ITS SPECTATORS1 :I* IS ITS NECESS>Y C\NT]P>T4 ,9/EAD ( LIV+ !IR LIVES DIRECTLY1 PEOPLE >E 9CREAS+ R$UC$ TO BECOM+ M]E SPECTATORS :O CONSUME ! IMAGES ( !IR [N ALI5AT$ LIVES ?AT >E UNILAT]ALLY PRES5T$ TO !M BY ! DOM9ANT 9/ITUTIONS ( MOD]N SOCIETY4 ,! SPECTACLE IS NOT JU/ A COLLECTION ( IMAGES1 BUT MORE IMPORTANTLY IT IS A SOCIAL RELATION AMONG PEOPLE M$IAT$ BY IMAGES4 ,! MAJOR PROBLEM ) CONTEMPOR>Y M$IA IS NOT JU/ ?AT !Y ALWAYS PRES5T HI]>*ICAL P]SPECTIVES AS IF NO O!RS >E POSSIBLE 7AL?\< ?IS IDEOLOGICAL N>R[NESS ( CONT5T OBVI\SLY EXI/S74 ,IT IS A F> DEEP] PROBLEM ( ! V]Y =M OR /RUCTURE ( ! MASS M$IA4 ,9 ! 5D CONT5T IS LESS IMPORTANT ?AN ! HI]>*ICAL & ALI5AT+ /RUCTURE ( ! M$IA :I* PRES5T IT4 ,:ATEV] ! OV]T MESSAGES1 ! UBIQUIT\S1 BUT COV]T MESSAGE PRODUC$ IS ?AT EA* ( US IS ONLY A P[]LESS SPECTATOR 9 A WORLD OV] :I* WE CAN HAVE NO CONTROL4 ,\R ONLY *OICE IS TO SELECT BETWE5 ! OPTIONS ALL[$ US BY ! 9VISIBLE P[]S :I* DET]M9E EV]Y?+ ELSE4 

 ,IF \R 9/ITUTIONS1 CULTURE & SOCIAL RELATIONS W]E REALLY DIRECT EXPRESSIONS ( \R [N COLLECTIVE DESIRES & NE$S !Y W\LD R>ELY BE QUE/ION$4 ,!RE W\LD BE LITTLE OPPOSITION TO !M S9CE = EA* ( US !Y W\LD BE FULFILL+ \R PURPOSES4 ,BUT :5EV] A SY/EM ( ALI5AT+ SOCIAL RELATION%IPS IS IMPOS$ UPON PEOPLE AS \RS IS1 IT 9EVITABLY 5G5D]S WIDESPREAD RESI/ANCE4 ,SU* 5G5D]$ RESI/ANCE IS ! NATURAL RESULT ( =C+ PEOPLE TO ACCEPT AN ALI5 WAY ( LIFE AS IF IT W]E REALLY !IR [N4 ,:5EV] PEOPLE >E =C$ TO REPRESS & ACT AGA9/ !IR [N IMPULSES1 P]CEPTIONS1 JUDGM5T & VALUES1 !Y T5D TO REBEL -- SOMETIMES DIRECTLY1 OP5LY & CONSCI\SLY1 BUT (T5 COV]TLY1 OR EV5 UNCONSCI\SLY4 ,EV5 :5 SU* AN ALI5 SY/EM EXI/S = G5]ATIONS1 & PEOPLE >E SO SOCIALIZ$ & 9DOCTR9AT$ ?AT IT COMES TO SEEM MORE REAL ?AN !IR [N SELVES1 EV5 !N !RE IS 9EVITABLY WIDESPREAD RESI/ANCE1 ?\< IT MAY EXPRESS ITSELF ONLY SPORADICALLY & L>GELY REMA9 CONF9$ TO SUBT]RANEAN UND]CURR5TS ( REBELLION OR NEGATIVITY4 ,! 9/ITUTIONALIZATION ( REPRESSION & ALI5ATION IS ALWAYS FOLL[$ BY A RETURN ( ! REPRESS$4 ,9 ! PSY*OANALYTIC CONCEPTION ( HUMAN NATURE REPRESS$ DRIVES1 DESIRES & WI%ES >E SE5 AS NEV] BE+ ANNIHILAT$ \TRI<T1 BUT 9/EAD ALWAYS RETURN TO PEOPLE'S EXP]I5CE EXPRESS$ 9 O!R =MS 7SU* AS 9 !IR DREAMS OR UNCONSCI\S SLIPS74 ,SIMIL>LY1 9/ITUTIONAL REPRESSION NEV] 5TIRELY ANNIHILATES PEOPLE'S ULTIMATELY 9]ADICABLE DESIRE TO LIVE & CONTROL !IR [N LIVES4 ,RA!R1 PEOPLE'S RESI/ANCE TO ! IMPOSITION ( ! >TIFICIAL CON/RA9TS ( FUNDAM5TALLY IRRATIONAL & AU?ORIT>IAN SOCIAL SY/EMS WILL ALWAYS CONT9UE TO BE EXPRESS$ 9 ?\S&S ( WAYS 9 EA* DAY ( EA* P]SON'S LIFE4 ,?IS 5G5D]$ RESI/ANCE )9 ! HE>T ( \R EV]YDAY LIVES IS A NATURAL & SPONTANE\S RESPONSE TO ! IMPOSITION ( AU?ORIT>IAN SOCIAL RELATION%IPS4 ,IT IS A G5]ALIZ$1 YET USUALLY UNCONSCI\S MOVEM5T ( NEGATION :I* CONTA9S )9 ITSELF ! SE$S ( ALL POT5TIALLY CONSCI\S MOVEM5TS = LIB]T>IAN SOCIAL *ANGE4 ,& 9 FACT1 MO/ O!R RADICAL1 POLITICAL1 SOCIAL & RELIGI\S MOVEM5TS ALSO HAVE !IR ROOTS H]E4 ,FROM A VAGUE & AMBIGU\S URGE TO DO SOME?+ OR *ANGE ?+S1 TO M9IMAL ACTS LIKE HI<-S*OOL V&ALISM1 ON-!-JOB !FT1 & RIDICULE ( AU?ORITY FIGURES1 TO MAJOR ACTS LIKE ! DECISION TO P>TICIPATE 9 A RIOT OR WILDCAT /RIKE2 SPONTANE\S EXPRESSIONS ( NEGATIVITY MAY BE ! UNEXPLOR$ & UN*>T$ PIVOTAL PO9TS :I* HOLD ! MO/ PROMISE = G5U9E SOCIAL RADICALIZATION 9 ! NE> FUTURE4 ,AT ! LEA/1 WE MU/ REALIZE ?AT ! EXCLUSION ( ALL BUT CONSCI\S & COH]5T ACTIVITIES FROM ONE'S P]CEPTION ( POLITICAL REALITY CAN ONLY BE SELF-DEFEAT+ :]E RADICAL P]SPECTIVES >E CONC]N$4 

 ,IT MI<T SEEM 9TUITIVELY OBVI\S ?AT ANY ACT ( RESI/ANCE TO A REPRESSIVE & ALI5AT+ SOCIAL SY/EM IS A /EP 7NO MATT] H[ SMALL7 9 ! DIRECTION ( CREAT+ A NEW SOCIETY4 ,H[EV]1 SU* AN ASSUMPTION IS F> FROM ! TRU?4 ,9 PRACTICE1 IT BECOMES OBVI\S ?AT MANY ACTS :I* SUP]FICIALLY APPE> OPPOS$ TO HI]>*Y & CAPITAL >E 9 ACTUALITY QUITE COMPATIBLE ) !M4 ,!SE ACTS ( P>TIAL OPPOSITION ALWAYS BEG9 ) A BASIC ACCEPTANCE ( ! NECESSITY = HI]>*ICAL P[] & SOCIAL ALI5ATION1 & ONLY RESI/ SPECIFIC ABUSES OR 9JU/ICES )9 ! OV]ALL SY/EM4 ,BECAUSE P>TIAL OPPOSITION HAS SU* A N>R[ FOCUS ON RE=M+ ONLY C]TA9 ASPECTS ( ! SOCIAL /RUCTURE1 IT HAS ! P>ADOXICAL EFFECT ( /R5G!N+ ! SOCIAL SY/EM IT APPE>S TO FI<T BY LEGITIMIZ+ ! OV]ALL SY/EM AT ! SAME TIME AS IT HELPS IT DEPRESSURIZE & ADAPT TO DEM&S = SOCIAL *ANGE4 ,?IS DEPRESSURIZATION ( SOCIAL =CES DEM&+ *ANGE IS SOMETIMES CALL$ 0RECUP]ATION40 ,BY RECUP]AT+ IMPULSES T[>D G5U9E SOCIAL *ANGE1 & *ANNEL+ !SE IMPULSES T[>D ! REAL OR IMAG9$ RE=M ( ! EXI/+ SOCIAL SY/EM1 ! SY/EM NOT ONLY ELIM9ATES A ?REAT TO ITS CONT9U$ EXI/5CE1 BUT IT ALSO /R5G!NS ITS HOLD ON PEOPLE BY GIV+ ! IMPRESSION ?AT FUNDAM5TAL RE=MS MAY BE POSSIBLE BY A PIECEMEAL PROCESS1 & ?AT ANY MORE RADICAL OPPOSITION MI<T ?REAT5 RE=MS ALREADY MADE4 ,P>TIAL OPPOSITION IS ALWAYS CONTR>Y TO ANY G5U9ELY RADICAL OPPOSITION BECAUSE IT ALWAYS ACCEPTS ! GR\ND RULES ( HI]>*ICAL COMMODITY SOCIETY AS ITS [N4 ,LIB]AL RE=MI/S1 0RADICAL0 MORALI/S & SOCIAL DEMOCRATS W\LD ALL PREF] ?AT WE F\<T = 0REALI/IC0 RE=MS ON \R KNEES ?AN = RADICAL *ANGE ON \R FEET4 

,FALSE OPPOSITION IS A SPECIAL CASE ( P>TIAL OPPOSITION4 ,IT IS AN ATTEMPT TO APPE> TOTAL OR RADICAL1 :ILE REMA9+ ONLY P>TIAL 9 ACTUAL PRACTICE4 ,?IS TYPE ( OPPOSITION IS ESPECIALLY TYPICAL ( ,M>XI/-,L59I/ 7& ,/AL9/1 ,MAOI/1 ETC47 GR\PS4 ,!Y CLAIM TO BE REVOLUTION>Y1 BUT !IR ACTUAL PRACTICE REPRODUCES MO/ ( ! HI]>*ICAL & BUREAUCRATIC T5D5CIES ( ! SOCIETY !Y CRITICIZE4 ,DESPITE !IR RADICAL PRET5SIONS1 !Y ULTIMATELY MA9TA9 ONLY A C\P D'ETAT M5TALITY & SEEK TO 9/ALL !MSELVES 9 P[] AS A NEW & 05LI<T5$0 RUL+ CLASS4 ,A FUR!R SPECIAL CASE ( P>TIAL OPPOSITION CAN BE CALL$ 0SPECTACUL> OPPOSITION40 ,SPECTACUL> OPPOSITION 9VOLVES ! MANUFACTURE ( AN IMAGE ( REVOLT :I* HAS FEW OR NO ROOTS 9 ANY REAL SOCIAL EXI/5CE4 ,9 ?IS TYPE ( IMAG9>Y OPPOSITION1 CELLULOID IMAGES ( REVOLT >E CREAT$ BY M$IA RADICALS1 OR BY ! M$IA ITSELF1 :OSE CONT5T IS M9IMAL OR ABS5T4 

,RADICAL OPPOSITION ON ! O!R H& ATTEMPTS TO SUBV]T HI]>*Y & ALI5ATION AT !IR ROOTS4 ,IT IS ALWAYS A CONSCI\S OPPOSITION TO ! TOTALITY ( ! EXI/+ SOCIAL SY/EM S9CE IT IS BAS$ ON AN UND]/&+ ( H[ ?AT SY/EM OP]ATES 9 AN 9TEGRAT$ FA%ION AS A :OLE4 ,?IS HOLI/IC P]SPECTIVE REVEALS ?AT :5 ONLY ONE ASPECT ( ! SY/EM IS *ALL5G$1 ! SY/EM AS A :OLE WILL COMP5SATE & RECUP]ATE ! *ALL5GE UNTIL IT HAS BE5 SUFFICI5TLY DEFUZ$ & RE9TEGRAT$1 AT :I* TIME ! SY/EM IS !N ABLE TO BEG9 REV]S+ ANY RE=MS :I* NO LONG] S]VE ITS PURPOSES4 ,! ONLY TYPE ( MOVEM5T :I* CAN EV] HOPE = REAL *ANGE IS ONE :I* *ALL5GES ! SOCIAL SY/EM AS A :OLE AT ALL TIMES1 EV5 :5 IT IS CONC5TRAT+ ON P>TICUL> ASPECTS ( ?AT SY/EM4 

 ,! ABSOLUTE ELIM9ATION ( ALL SOCIAL ALI5ATION IS PROBABLY AN IMPOSSIBILITY1 & ?OSE :O DEM& ! ATTA9M5T ( SU* AB/RACT ABSOLUTES >E MO/ LIKELY DOGMATIC FANATICS TO BE AVOID$4 ,!Y >E ! W\LD-BE ,ROBESPI]RES ( FUTURE REIGNS ( T]ROR4 ,H[EV]1 BETWE5 ! ,SCYLLA ( FANATICISM & ! ,*>YBDIS ( AN UNPR9CIPL$ & OPPORTUNI/IC RE=MISM1 LIES :AT WE BELIEVE TO BE A REALIZABLE & VIABLE CONCEPTION ( A QUALITATIVELY MORE FREE1 EQUITABLE & 5JOYABLE SOCIAL SY/EM4 ,SU* A SY/EM W\LD NOT BE PURE OR P]FECT1 BUT IT C\LD 9VOLVE A G5U9ELY RADICAL RE-/RUCTUR+ ( SOCIETY ?AT W\LD *ANGE ! BALANCE ( SOCIAL RELATIONS -- 5D+ ! HI/ORICAL DOM9ANCE ( HI]>*ICAL & AU?ORIT>IAN SOCIAL RELATION%IPS1 & REPLAC+ !IR DOM9ANCE ) A SELF-RE9=C+ SY/EM ( NONHI]>*ICAL SOCIAL RELATION%IPS :I* CAN BE CONSID]$ A =M ( AN>*Y4 

 ,AN>*Y LIT]ALLY MEANS NO RUL]4 ,9 ITS BE/ S5SE IT SIGNIFIES A SOCIAL SY/EM 9 :I* POLITICAL HI]>*IES & AU?ORIT>IANISM >E NOT TOL]AT$4 ,9/EAD ( HI]>*ICAL RULE BY MONOLI?IC 9/ITUTIONS OV] ! G5]AL PUBLIC1 AN>*Y 9 ?IS S5SE DEM&S ! MO/ COMPLETE1 WIDESPREAD & EFFECTIVELY DIRECT CONTROL POSSIBLE BY ALL ?OSE :O >E 9VOLV$4 ,?IS DOES NOT JU/ MEAN ?AT AN>*I/S HAVE SOME SORT ( VAGUE OR AB/RACT BELIEF 9 DEMOCRACY1 OR CONS5SUS OR 9DIVIDUALISM4 ,?IS MEANS ?AT AN>*I/S DEM& EXPLICITLY DIRECT & CONCRETE POPUL> P>TICIPATION )9 & CONTROL ( EV]Y SIGNIFICANT SOCIAL 9/ITUTION BY ?OSE :O >E AFFECT$ BY !M -- NOT JU/ CONTROL OV] 9/ITUTIONAL ORGANIZATION & MANAGEM5T1 BUT ALSO & JU/ AS IMPORTANT1 OV] !IR DIRECTION1 5DS & V]Y EXI/5CE4 ,?IS CAN ONLY BE A*IEV$ ?R\< WIDESPREAD & CONSCI\S COMMITM5T TO LIB]T>IAN SOCIAL & 9/ITUTIONAL VALUES & PRACTICES 7SELF-MANAGEM5T1 SPONTANEITY1 AUTONOMY1 COOP]ATION1 HUMAN-SCALE ORGANIZATION1 DIRECT RESPONSIBILITY_/ACC\NTABILITY_/ACTION1 & MAXIMUM FLEXIBILITY7 )9 A REORGANIZ$ 9/ITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK C5T]$ >\ND V]Y SPECIFIC1 WORKABLE & EFFECTIVE MEANS ( LIB]T>IAN COMMUNICATION & DECISION-MAK+4 

 ,ANY G5U9E RESI/ANCE & OPPOSITION TO HI]>*ICAL SOCIETY -- ANY MOVEM5T :I* SEEKS TO MAKE A REAL & SIGNIFICANT QUALITATIVE *ANGE 9 ! WAY SOCIETY IS ORGANIZ$ -- MU/ BE A SELF-CONSCI\SLY & CRITICALLY RADICAL SOCIAL MOVEM5T4 ,& ANY SU* MOVEM5T MU/ 9VOLVE AS ITS C5TRAL FEATURES BO? A PREFIGUR+ ( ! TYPE ( SOCIETY :I* IT SEEKS TO CREATE 79 ITS [N ORGANIZATION & 9 ! QUALITY ( ! EV]YDAY SOCIAL RELATION%IPS :I* IT FO/]S7 & AN UNCOMPROMIS+ BREAK ) CAPITAL & /ATE4 ,! CONCEPT ( PREFIGUREM5T IS ANO!R WAY ( SAY+ ?AT ! MEANS ( SOCIAL TRANS=MATION L>GELY DET]M9E ! 5D :I* IS PRODUC$4 ,?US A /AUN*LY ,M>XI/-,L59I/ MOVEM5T WILL ALMO/ 9V>IABLY TRANSLATE ! DICTATORIAL /YLE ( ITS TYPICAL MEANS 7HI]>*ICAL POLITICAL P>TY ORGANIZATION1 IDEOLOGICAL & DOGMATIC !ORY1 DEMOCRATIC C5TRALISM1 A VANGU>DI/ M5TALITY1 & G5]ALLY CONS]VATIVE SOCIAL VALUES7 9TO ! ACTUAL MONOLI?IC BUREAUCRATIC DICTATOR%IPS WE HAVE COME TO EXPECT AS ITS 5D 7,SOVIET ,UNION1 ,PEOPLE'S ,REPUBLIC ( ,*9A1 ,CUBA1 ,VIETNAM1 ETC474 ,:ILE ON ! CONTR>Y1 LIB]T>IAN REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5TS ATTEMPT TO CREATE ALT]NATIVE ORGANIZATIONS & C\NT]-9/ITUTIONS 7DIRECTLY CONTROLL$7 AS MEANS T[>D ! 5D ( CREAT+ A G5U9ELY SELF-MANAG$ SOCIETY4 ,9 PRACTICE !SE ORGANIZATIONS CAN BE 7& HAVE BE57 AS DIV]SE AS AN>*I/ AFF9ITY GR\PS & F$]ATIONS2 RANK-&-FILE WORK]S GR\PS1 AN>*O-SYNDICALI/ UNIONS1 & FACTORY-COMMITTEES OR C\NCILS2 LIB]T>IAN COMMUNITY GR\PS & ASSOCIATIONS2 COLLECTIVES & COOP]ATIVES ( MANY TYPES2 A MULTITUDE ( CULTURAL 9/ITUTIONS FROM WORK]S C5T]S1 /UDY CIRCLES1 FREE S*OOLS1 RADICAL LIBR>IES & DOCUM5TATION C5T]S TO CAFES & PUNK CLUBS2 AS WELL AS >M$ GU]RILLA GR\PS & FACTORY OR COMMUNITY SELF-DEF5SE GR\PS & MILITIAS :5 NECESS>Y4 

 ,WE UND]/& ?AT ! CONDITIONS ( \R LIVES & \R EXP]I5CES 9 ! DOM9ANT SOCIAL 9/ITUTIONS CON/ANTLY DRIVE US TO QUE/ION1 RESI/1 & F9D ! ME?ODS ( ORGANIZATION :I* *ALL5GE ! E/ABLI%$ SOCIAL ORD] & E/ABLI%$ PATT]NS ( ?\<T4 ,ON ! O!R H&1 WE RECOGNIZE ?AT AS RADICALS WE >E FRAGM5T$1 L>GELY DISPOSSESS$ ( ! MEANS ( COMMUNICATION1 & WE >E ALL AT DIFF]5T LEVELS ( AW>5ESS1 CONSCI\SNESS & PRACTICE4 ,WE :O HAVE SIGN$ ?IS /ATEM5T CON/ITUT$ A SMALL NUMB] ( 9DIVIDUALS )9 A WORLDWIDE MOVEM5T ( PEOPLE :O >E COMMITT$ TO *ANG+ !IR LIVES & TRANS=M+ !IR WORLD4 ,WE DO NOT SEE \RSELVES AS YET ANO!R LEAD]%IP LOOK+ = FOLL[]S1 BUT AS A GR\P ( LIKE-M9D$ PEOPLE WORK+ T[>D A MORE LIB]T>IAN SOCIETY4 ,WE SEEK TO HELP DEMY/IFY ALL ! IDEOLOGICAL PRET5SIONS :I* P>ALYZE PEOPLE & LEAVE !M P[]LESS TO ACT \TSIDE ( E/ABLI%$ 9/ITUTIONS & ALI5AT+ MODES ( SOCIAL 9T]C\RSE4 ,WE SEEK TO *ALL5GE EV]Y 9/ANCE ( HI]>*Y1 EXPLOITATION1 ALI5ATION & MY/IFICATION1 TO /IMULATE1 5C\RAGE & HELP PEOPLE :O >E 9VOLV$ 9 LIB]T>IAN /RUGGLES1 & TO G5]ALIZE \R EXP]I5CES1 TO MAKE A TOTAL CRITIQUE ( \R CONDITION & ITS CAUSES1 & TO HELP DEVELOP ! WIDE-SPREAD REVOLUTION>Y CONSCI\SNESS & ACTIVITY NECESS>Y = ! TOTAL TRANS=MATION ( LIFE4 

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.<#b.> ,= ?IS REASON WE T5D TO AVOID USE ( ! WORD 0AN>*ISM0 7) ITS IMPLICATIONS ( AN OV]LY CLOS$1 SY/EM-BAS$ !ORY & PRACTICE7 9 FAVOR ( ! WORDS 0AN>*Y0 & 0AN>*I/ !ORY10 :I* SUGGE/ A MORE DIALECTICAL & PRAGMATIC ATTITUDE T[>DS A !ORY & PRACTICE ALWAYS SUBJECT TO DEVELOPM5T & *ANGE4 7= A MORE DETAIL$ DESCRIPTION ( IDEOLOGICAL OR POSITIVE !ORY1 AS WELL AS ITS CONTRA/ ) CRITICAL SELF-!ORY1 SEE 0,AN ,9TRODUCTION TO CRITICAL !ORY0 9 ,AN>*Y _?#a#h -- AVAILABLE FROM ! ,C,A4,L4 = @s#f447 

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