,DUNB>1 ,?IB$I1 ,SIGAMONEY 
,?REE FIGURES 9 ! ,I,W,W 9 ,S\? ,AFRICA 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,LUCI5 ,VAN ,D] ,WALT 

,TEXT 3 

,&REW ,DUNB> 7#a#h#g#i-#a#i#f#d7 

,&REW ,DUNB> WAS G5]AL-SECRET>Y ( ! ,I,W,W 9 ,JOHANNESBURG1 E/ABLI%$ 9 ,JUNE #a#i#a4 ,A HEFTY ,SCOTS IMMIGRANT :O >RIV$ 9 #a#i#f1 HE WORK$ 9 ! ,NATAL RAILWAYS AS A BLACKSMI?1 LEAD+ A MASS /RIKE 9 #a#i#i4 ,?IS CO/ HIM HIS JOB1 & HE W5T TO WORK ON ! ,JOHANNESBURG TRAMWAYS4 ,!SE W]E ! ,I,W,W'S /RON<OLD1 ) A P[]FUL PRES5CE AMONG ! :ITE WORK]S1 & L$ BIG /RIKES 9 #a#i#a#a4 ,9 #a#i#a#b1 ,DUNB> WAS \/$ FROM ! ,I,W,W1 :I* FAD$ AWAY SOON AFT]W>DS4 

,FROM #a#i#a#d1 HE WAS 9 ! ,W> ON ,W> ,LEAGUE1 :I* SET UP ! REVOLUTION>Y SYNDICALI/ ,9T]NATIONAL ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE 7,I,S,L7 9 ,SEPTEMB] ! NEXT YE>4 ,! ,I,S,L CAMPAIGN$ = ,ONE ,BIG ,UNION1 & F\<T AGA9/ ! OPPRESSIVE LAWS APPLI$ TO ,AFRICAN WORK]S1 ! MAJORITY ( ! WORK+ CLASS3 9D5TURE1 PASS CONTROLS1 H\S+ 9 CLOS$ B>RACKS ETC4 ,IT ALSO OPPOS$ ! DISCRIM9ATION BE+ APPLI$ AGA9/ ! ,COLOR$ & ,9DIAN M9ORITIES4 

,FROM ,JUNE #a#i#a#g1 ,DUNB> WAS P>T ( AN ,I,S,L TEAM RUNN+ /UDY GR\PS 9 D[NT[N ,JOHANNESBURG AMONG ,AFRICAN WORK]S1 ADVOCAT+ CIVIL DISOB$I5CE & ,ONE ,BIG ,UNION AGA9/ ,AFRICAN OPPRESSION & CAPITALISM4 ,?IS L$ TO ! ,9DU/RIAL ,WORK]S ( ,AFRICA1 AN ,AFRICAN UNION MODEL$ ON ! ,I,W,W4 ,AS 9T]E/ 9 ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION ROSE1 ,DUNB> & O!RS =M$ ,AFRICA'S FIR/ ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY 9 ,OCTOB] #aib -ON A BASICALLY SYNDICALI/ PLAT=M2 HE WAS G5]AL-SECRET>Y4 ,9 #a#i#b#a1 ?IS M]G$ 9TO ! (FICIAL ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY ( ,S\? ,AFRICA 7,C,P,S,A71 BUT ,DUNB> HEAD$ A SYNDICALI/ FACTION4 ,LAT] EXPELL$ FROM ! ,C,P,S,A1 HE FAD$ FROM UNION & SOCIALI/ WORK4 

,T4,W4 ,?IB$I 7#a#h#h#h-#a#i#f7 

,! SON ( A ,WESLEYAN M9I/]1 ,?IB$I ,WILLIAM ,?IB$I WAS ONE ( ! MO/ IMPORTANT ,AFRICAN SYNDICALI/S 9 #a#i#aS ,S\? ,AFRICA4 ,HAIL+ FROM ! SMALL T[N ( ,V]E5IG+1 HE TRA9$ AS A S*OOL TEA*] & WORK$ AT A *UR* S*OOL 9 ,JOHANNESBURG4 ,>\ND #a#i#a#f1 HE JO9$ ! ,I,S,L1 ITS FIR/ MAJOR ,AFRICAN LEAD]4 

,9 ,SEPTEMB] #a#i#a#g1 ,?IB$I WAS 9VOLV$ 9 ORGANIZ+ AN ,I,S,L-SPONSOR$ CONF]5CE ?AT L$ TO ! =MATION ( A 0,SOLID>ITY ,COMMITTEE10 9T5D$ TO RE=M ! OR?ODOX TRADE UNIONS4 ,!SE G5]ALLY EXCLUD$ PEOPLE ( COLOR 7EXCEPT 9 ,CAPE ,T[N71 T5D$ CRAFT UNIONISM1 & W]E PRONE TO B9D+ NO-/RIKE AGREEM5TS4 ,?IB$I S]V$ ON ! ,COMMITTEE -:I* WAS NOT H[EV] A SUCCESS4 

,FROM #a#i#a#h1 ,?IB$I WAS 9VOLV$ 9 ! ,9DU/RIAL ,WORK]S ( ,AFRICA 9 ,JOHANNESBURG1 >GU+ = ,ONE ,BIG ,UNION1 UNIT$ ON CLASS L9ES ACROSS ! RACES1 & MASS ACTION4 ,ALONG ) O!R FIGURES 9 ! UNION1 HE ALSO PROMOT$ !SE VIEWS 9 ! LEFTW+ ( ! ,AFRICAN NATIONALI/ ,S\? ,AFRICAN ,NATIVE ,NATIONAL ,CONGRESS 7,S,A,N,N,C74 ,:5 A FAIL$ G5]AL /RIKE 9 ,JULY #aiah L$ TO A CRACKD[N ON ! ,I,S,L1 ,9DU/RIAL ,WORK]S ( ,AFRICA & ,S,A,N,N,C LEFTW+1 IT FELL TO ,?IB$I TO REVIVE ! UNION 9 ,JOHANNESBURG4 ,! UNION DREW ITS MEMB]S FROM ACROSS ! ,AFRICAN WORK+ CLASS1 & WAS MORE A ,G5]AL ,MEMB]%IP ,BRAN* ?AN AN 9DU/RIAL BODY4 

,! KEY ,AFRICAN 9 ! E>LY ,C,P,S,A1 ,?IB$I PUT HIS SYNDICALI/ BACKGR\ND TO WORK :5 HE RAN ! P>TY NI<T S*OOL 9 ,JOHANNESBURG1 & BECAME A FULL-TIME ORGANIZ] & UNIONI/4 ,:5 ! ,C,P,S,A EXPELL$ HIM 9 #a#i#b#i1 ! COMMUNI/-L$ ,F$]ATION ( ,NON-,EUROPEAN ,TRADE ,UNIONS =C$ HIS RE9/ATEM5T2 HE WAS EXPELL$ AGA9 9 #a#i#c#a4 ,LAT] ,?IB$I FLIRT$ ) ,TRO/KYISM1 BE=E DRIFT+ AWAY 9TO ANONYMITY4 

,B]N>D ,L4,E4 ,SIGAMONEY 7#a#h#h#h-#a#i#f#c7 

,B]N>D ,LAZ>US ,EMANUEL ,SIGAMONEY WAS ! GR&SON ( 9D5TUR$ ,9DIAN F>M LABOR]S1 ,P>IAH ,*RI/IANS :O >RIV$ 9 ,S\? ,AFRICA 9 #a#h#g#g4 ,HIS FAMILY MANAG$ TO SECURE HIM AN $UCATION1 & HE WORK$ AS A TEA*] AT ,E/C\RT ,9DIAN ,HI< ,S*OOL & !N ,/4 ,AIDANS' ,BOYS' ,S*OOL4 

,DUR+ ! ,FIR/ ,WORLD ,W>1 ,SIGAMONEY BECAME 9CREAS+LY 9VOLV$ 9 POLITICS1 ADDRESS+ PUBLIC MEET+S ON ! GR[+ FOOD %ORTAGES 9 ,DURBAN4 ,HE SOON 5C\NT]$ ! LOCAL ,I,S,L1 :I* F\ND$ AN ,9DIAN ,WORK]S' ,9DU/RIAL ,UNION ON ,I,W,W L9ES 9 ,M>* #a#i#a#g4 ,SIGAMONEY JO9$ ! ,I,S,L1 & WAS ! UNION'S FIR/ SECRET>Y4 ,! UNION CLAIM$ MEMB]S AMONG ,DURBAN'S L>GE ,9DIAN POPULATION1 NOTABLY ON ! DOCKS1 9 G>M5T WORK & LAUNDRIES1 PA9T+1 HOTELS1 CAT]+ & TOBACCO WORK]S4 ,!RE W]E EF=TS TO UNITE IT ) ! ,9DU/RIAL ,WORK]S ( ,AFRICA4 ,MEAN:ILE1 ,SIGAMONEY & O!R ,I,S,L FIGURES SUPPORT$ ! 9DEP5D5T ,TOBACCO ,WORK]S' ,UNION1 & ITS BIG /RIKE 9 ,OCTOB] #a#i#b1 & ! #aiba /RIKE ( ,9DIAN FURNITURE WORK]S4 

,SIGAMONEY DID NOT JO9 ! ,C,P,S,A4 ,9/EAD1 HE LEFT RADICAL POLITICS1 GO+ TO ,BRITA9 9 ,DECEMB] #aibb TO /UDY AS AN ,ANGLICAN PA/OR1 & RETURN+ TO WORK = ,/4 ,AN?ONY'S ,9DIAN ,MISSION 9 ,JOHANNESBURG 9 #a#i#b#g4 ,HE WAS VIEW$ AS A TR\BLEMAK] BY ! AU?ORITIES1 P>TLY BECAUSE HE ASSOCIAT$ ) ! ,9DU/RIAL & ,COMM]CIAL ,WORK]S ,UNION1 A UNION 9FLU5C$ BY BO? ! ,I,W,W & ,M>CUS ,G>VEY1 & ! ,S,A,N,N,C4 ,SIGAMONEY'S REMA9+ YE>S W]E FOCUS$ ON WORK 9 ! *UR*1 9 PROMOT+ ,9DIAN SPORT1 & 9 PROMOT+ ! CIVIL RI<TS ( PEOPLE ( COLOR4 

,CONCLUSION 

,! MULTIRACIAL ,I,W,W TRADITION 9 ,S\? ,AFRICA ?REW UP SOME REM>KABLE MILITANTS1 ,!SE !RE M5 - ONE :ITE1 ONE ,AFRICAN1 ONE ,9DIAN - EXEMPLIFI$ ! HI< MORAL *>ACT] & D$ICATION IT EVOK$1 & ITS /AUN* & UNWAV]+ OPPOSITION TO ! C\NTRY'S B>B>IC RACIAL CAPITALISM4 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,JANU>Y #b#b1 #bba 3 ,DUNB>1 ,?IB$I1 ,SIGAMONEY -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #f1 #bbb 3 ,DUNB>1 ,?IB$I1 ,SIGAMONEY -- ,UPDAT$4 

 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3  
HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/