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0,VIVA ,MADRID ,)\T ,GOV]NM5T60 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,ABEL ,PAZ 

,TEXT 3 

,*,A,P,T,] ,X,V,I,I4 0,VIVA ,MADRID )\T GOV]NM5T60 

  

,:5 ! F\R ,C,N,T M9I/]S SAT D[N ) ! RE/ ( ,L>GO ,CABALL]O'S GOV]NM5T1 ! REBEL COLUMNS MANEUV]+ TO TAKE ,MADRID HAD NE>LY SURR\ND$ ! CITY4 ,MANY LEAD+ ,REPUBLICANS & ,SOCIALI/S 79CLUD+ ,9DALECIO ,PRIETO7 ?\<T ?AT ,MADRID W\LD FALL 9 A MATT] ( H\RS OR TWO OR ?REE DAYS AT ! MO/4 ,GOV]NM5T (FICIALS FOCUS$ MORE ON LEAV+ ! CITY--ESCAP+ TO ,VAL5CIA--?AN ON ORGANIZ+ ! RESI/ANCE4 ,CONSUM$ BY PANIC1 ! M9I/]S PRESSUR$ ,L>GO ,CABALL]O TO ORD] A DEP>TURE & LET ! 0CRAZIES0 MAKE ,MADRID A NEW ,NUMANTIA IF !Y WANT$ TO DO SO4 ,!Y 9T5D$ TO /AY WELL BEYOND ! L9E ( FIRE4.<#f#f#i.> 

,AL?\< !RE WAS A DIFF]5T S5TIM5T 9 ,B>CELONA1 & %ELLS W]5'T L&+ 9 ! ,PLAZA DE ,CATALUNA AS !Y DID 9 ,MADRID'S ,PU]TA DEL ,SOL1 !RE WAS ! SAME LEVEL ( TURMOIL4 ,H[EV]1 NO ONE !RE ?\<T TO FLEE & 9/EAD CONC5TRAT$ ON COM+ TO ,MADRID'S AID4 ,EV]YONE KNEW ?AT IF ! REBELS TOOK ! CAPITAL1 GOV]NM5TS >\ND ! WORLD W\LD RECOGNIZE ,FRANCO AS ! LEAD] ( ,SPA9 & ! W> W\LD BE OV]4 ,! ,G5]ALITAT'S ,M9I/RY ( ,DEF5SE CONV5$ A MEET+ ( ALL ! ,COLUMN LEAD]S OP]AT+ 9 ,>AGON TO DISCUSS ! SITUATION4 ,MANY ( !M W]E ALREADY WE>+ ! MILIT>Y UNI=MS AW>D$ ) GRADUATION1 :I* ! REC5T MILIT>IZATION DECREE COMPELL$4 ,! ONLY ONES :O HADN'T *ANG$ W]E ! ,C,N,T ,COLUMN LEAD]S & ,ROVIRA1 :O REPRES5T$ ! ,P,\,M'S =CES4 ,DIAZ ,S&9O & !N ,SANTILLAN REPORT$ ON ! DESP]ATE SITUATION 9 ,MADRID & BO? CALL$ = A %IPM5T ( TROOPS TO ! CAPITAL4 ,SIL5CE FOLL[$ !IR COMM5TS & EV]YONE LOOK$ TO ,DURRUTI1 :O KEPT QUIET LIKE ! O!RS4 ,!Y ALL KNEW ?AT IT WAS IMP]ATIVE TO HELP ! ?REAT5$ CITY IMM$IATELY1 BUT !Y HADN'T DET]M9$ :AT =CE TO S5D OR ! DATE ON :I* TO S5D IT4 ,!Y SUGGE/$ ?AT ,DURRUTI TRY TO RAISE ! FI<T]S' MORALE & 9SPIRE ! RESI/ANCE BY GIV+ A SPEE* OV] ! RADIO4 ,HE CONS5T$4 ,HIS SPEE* W\LD BE BROADCA/ ON ,NOVEMB] #d4 

,DURRUTI MET ) ,M>COS ,ALCON AFT] LEAV+ ! MEET+4 ,! LATT] WAS A MILITANT FROM ! #a#i#bS & !Y DECID$ TO HAVE D9N] ) O!R LONGTIME COMRADES FROM ! H]OIC YE>S4 ,:AT C\LD BE SAID AMONG ?AT GR\P ( REVOLUTION>IES :O HAD NOT GIV5 UP ON ! REVOLUTION1 EA* ( :OM WAS FI<T+ 9 HIS [N WAY AGA9/ ! BUREAUCRATISM ( ! COMMITTEES8 ,DURRUTI TOLD US ?AT HE WAS AL>M$ BY ! RAPID PROGRESS ( ! C\NT]REVOLUTION & ! HAVOC ?AT BUREAUCRATISM WAS CAUS+ 9 ! RANKS ( ! ,C,N,T & ,F,A,I4 ,HE SAID ?AT HE 9T5D$ TO CONFRONT ! ISSUE 9 ! SPEE* ?AT !Y WANT$ HIM TO GIVE40 ,M>COS ,ALCON ADDS3  
  

,I CLE>LY REMEMB] ! EFFECT ?AT HIS COMM5TS HAD ON MANY ( ! 0RESPONSIBLE0 COMRADES 9 ! ,C,N,T & ,F,A,I4 ,I HAVE AN EV5 MORE DRAMATIC MEMORY ( ! PANIC FELT 9 ,CATALAN POLITICAL CIRCLES4 ,DURRUTI MADE !M %AKE ) FE> :5 HE TOLD !M 9 NO UNC]TA9 T]MS ?AT1 :ATEV] !Y DID1 !Y W\LDN'T BE ABLE TO /RANGLE ! REVOLUTION = ! SAKE ( SOME COLORLESS ANTIFASCISM4 ,I'M NOT EXAGG]AT+1 & !RE >E /ILL WITNESSES :O ASS]T ?AT ! TEXT ( ! SPEE* PUBLI%$ 9 ! PRESS1 EV5 ! CONF$]AL PRESS1 HAD BE5 C5SOR$4 ,! PR9T$ V]SION WASN'T ANY?+ NE> :AT ,DURRUTI SAID4 ,HIS S5T5CES W]E LIKE SLAPS 9 ! FACE = ! OPPORTUNI/S ( ! REVOLUTION4 ,IT WAS A VIOL5T1 AGGRESSIVE1 YET REASON$ SPEE*4.<#f#g.>  
  

,H]E IS ! TRANSCRIPT ( HIS COMM5TS3  
  

,WORK]S6 ,I SPEAK TO ! ,CATALAN PEOPLE1 TO ! G5]\S PEOPLE ?AT F\R MON?S AGO DEFEAT$ ! SOLDI]S :O TRI$ TO CRU% !M B5EA? !IR BOOTS4 ,I S5D Y\ SALUTATIONS FROM Y\R BRO!RS & COMRADES 9 ,>AGON1 :O >E ONLY KILOMET]S FROM ,Z>AGOZA1 )9 SI<T ( ! T[]S ( ,PIL>ICA4 ,:ATEV] ?REAT MAY HOV] OV] ,MADRID1 WE HAVE TO REMEMB] ?AT A PEOPLE HAVE RIS5 & NO?+ WILL MAKE !M RETREAT4 

,WE WILL RESI/ ! FASCI/ HORDES ON ! ,>AGON FRONT & WE TELL \R BRO!RS 9 ,MADRID TO DO ! SAME4 ,! MILITIAM5 FROM ,CATALONIA WILL KN[ H[ TO C>RY \T !IR DUTY1 JU/ LIKE !Y DID :5 !Y DEMOLI%$ ! FASCI/S 9 ! /REETS ( ,B>CELONA4 

,Y\ CAN'T =GET ! WORK]S' ORGANIZATIONS4 ,?AT'S IMP]ATIVE4 ,!RE'S ONLY ONE IDEA & ONE GOAL ON ! FRONT & 9 ! TR5*ES3 WE LOOK =W>D RESOLUTELY & FOCUS EXCLUSIVELY ON DE/ROY+ ! FASCI/S4 

,WE ASK ! ,CATALAN PEOPLE TO /OP ! 9TRIGUES & BICK]+4 ,Y\ MU/ RISE TO ! OCCASION3 /OP QU>REL+ & ?9K ( ! W>4 ,! PEOPLE ( ,CATALONIA HAVE ! DUTY TO SUPPORT ?OSE FI<T+ ON ! FRONT4 ,WE HAVE TO MOBILIZE EV]YONE1 BUT DON'T ?9K ?AT IT WILL ALWAYS BE ! SAME PEOPLE4 ,IF ,CATALAN WORK]S HAVE ASSUM$ ! RESPONSIBILITY ( GO+ TO ! FRONT1 IT'S N[ TIME TO DEM& SACRIFICES FROM ?OSE :O REMA9 9 ! CITIES4 ,WE HAVE TO ACTIVATE ALL ! WORK]S 9 ! RE>GU>D4 ,?OSE ( US ON ! FRONT NE$ TO KN[ ?AT WE CAN C\NT ON ! M5 BEH9D US4 

,NO ONE %\LD ?9K ( SAL>Y 9CREASES OR R$UC$ WORK+ H\RS N[4 ,IT'S ! DUTY ( ALL WORK]S1 ESPECIALLY ,C,N,T WORK]S1 TO MAKE SACRIFICES1 TO WORK AS MU* AS NECESS>Y4 

,TO ! ORGANIZATIONS1 /OP Y\R R[S & /OP TRIPP+ ?+S UP6 ,?OSE ( US :O >E FI<T+ ON ! FRONT ASK = S9C]ITY1 ABOVE ALL FROM ! ,C,N,T & ,F,A,I4 ,WE ASK ! LEAD]S TO BE G5U9E4 ,?IS IS A COMPLETELY MOD]N W> & IT'S CO/+ ,CATALONIA A LOT4 ,! LEAD]%IP HAS TO REALIZE ?AT WE'LL NE$ TO />T ORGANIZ+ ! ,CATALAN ECONOMY IF ?IS LA/S MU* LONG]4 ,( C\RSE WE'RE FI<T+ = SOME?+ GREAT] & ! MILITIAM5 WILL PROVE IT4 ,!Y BLU% :5 !Y READ AB\T ATTEMPTS TO RAISE MONEY = !M 9 ! PRESS1 :5 !Y SEE ?OSE PO/]S ASK+ Y\ TO MAKE A DONATION4 ,!Y BLU% BECAUSE FASCI/ PLANES DROP NEWSPAP]S ?AT ALSO TALK AB\T CAMPAIGNS = !IR SOLDI]S4 ,WE MU/ BUILD A GRANITE WALL AGA9/ ! 5EMY4 ,! M5 AT ! FRONT WANT RESPONSIBILITY & GU>ANTEES BEH9D US4 ,& WE DEM& ?AT ! ORGANIZATIONS LOOK AFT] \R WOM5 & *ILDR54 ,!Y'RE MI/AK5 IF !Y ?9K ?AT ! MILIT>IZATION DECREE WILL SC>E US & IMPOSE AN IRON DISCIPLE ON US4 ,WE 9VITE ?OSE :O 9/ITUT$ ! DECREE TO COME TO ! FRONT & SEE \R MORALE & DISCIPL9E4 ,!N WE'LL COMP>E IT TO ! MORALE & DISCIPL9E 9 ! RE>GU>D6 

,BE CALM4 ,!RE'S NO *AOS OR 9DISCIPL9E ON ! FRONT4 ,WE'RE ALL RESPONSIBLE & *]I% Y\R TRU/4 ,SLEEP PEACEFULLY4 ,BUT REMEMB] ?AT WE'VE LEFT ,CATALONIA & ITS ECONOMY 9 Y\R H&S4 ,TAKE RESPONSIBILITY = Y\RSELVES1 DISCIPL9E Y\RSELVES4 ,WE MU/N'T PROVOKE ANO!R CIVIL W> AFT] ?IS ONE4 ,ANYONE :O ?9KS ?AT HIS P>TY IS /RONG 5\< TO IMPOSE ITS POLICY IS WRONG4 ,AGA9/ ! FASCI/S WE MU/ M>%AL ONE =CE1 ONE ORGANIZATION1 ) A UNIFI$ DISCIPL9E4 

,! FASCI/ TYRANTS WILL NEV] CROSS \R L9ES4 ,?AT IS \R SLOGAN ON ! FRONT4 ,TO !M WE SAY3 0,Y\ WILL NOT PASS60 ,TO Y\3 0,!Y WILL NOT PASS60.<#f#g#a.>  
  

,?IS SPEE*1 LIKE MANY ( ,DURRUTI'S SPEE*ES1 HAD A DUAL EFFECT4 ,= ! WORK]S1 IT %[$ ?AT HE WAS ! SAME REVOLUTION>Y AS ALWAYS4 ,= ! BUREAUCRATS & POLITICIANS1 IT CONFIRM$ ?AT HE & ?OSE HE 9SPIR$ W]E /ILL A ?REAT4 ,CLE>LY1 ! BALL WAS 0UP 9 ! AIR40 

,?+S W]E ALSO 0UP 9 ! AIR0 9 ,MADRID4 ,! REBEL COLUMNS HAD COME EXTREMELY CLOSE TO ! CITY BETWE5 ,NOVEMB] #d & #e4 ,G5]AL ,V>ELA HAD CAPTUR$ ,LEGANES1 ,ALCORCON1 & ,GETAFE4 ,! ,BURGOS ,JUNTA--! REBEL'S GOV]NM5T--?\<T ?AT ,MADRID'S FALL WAS 9EVITABLE & HAD DRAFT$ A LI/ ( ?OSE :O W\LD TAKE CONTROL ( ! CAPITAL4 ,M>T9EZ ,ANIDO1 9T]IOR M9I/] 9 ! ,BURGOS ,JUNTA1 /AT$ ?AT !Y W\LD EXECUTE TWO MILLION 0R$S0 BETWE5 ,VAL5CIA1 ,MADRID1 & ,B>CELONA4 

,AL?\< ! MILITIAS F\<T VALIANTLY1 !Y HAD BE5 LOS+ TO ! REBELS' MOD]N >MY4 ,SO !Y RAN1 HOP+ ?AT SOME?+ MI<T MIRACUL\SLY COME BETWE5 !M & !IR ASSAILANTS4 ,!Y REA*$ ,MADRID & C\LD RUN NO MORE4 ,:AT !Y SAW :5 !Y >RIV$ WAS UN?9KABLE3 WOM51 #efd 0,VIVA ,MADRID )\T GOV]NM5T6Y\NG/]S1 & OLD PEOPLE BUILD+ B>RICADES1 )\T ORD]S OR PRE-DEF9$ PLANS1 & MAK+ IT PAT5TLY OBVI\S ?AT NO ONE HAD ! SLI<TE/ 9T5TION ( LEAV+ ! CITY4 ,IT WAS 9 ?IS CONTEXT1 :I* SEEM$ LIKE A REPROA* UPON ?OSE :O HAD FL$1 ?AT ! RETREAT+ =CES PREP>$ TO FI<T BACK4 ,IF !Y HAD TO DIE1 !N AT LEA/ !Y'D DIE FI<T+4 ,! HOP$ = MIRACLE HAD OCCURR$4 

,PANIC REIGN$ 9 ! GOV]NM5T4 ,L>GO ,CABALL]O HAD PA!TICALLY PROPOS$ AN IMM$IATE RETREAT TO ,VAL5CIA AT ! FIR/ ,CAB9ET MEET+ ATT5D$ BY ! ,C,N,T M9I/]S4 ,LEAV+ ,MADRID 9 A /AMP$E DIDN'T SEEM LIKE AN AUSPICI\S BEG9N+ TO ANY ( !M4 ,ALL1 EV5 ! MOD]ATES1 W]E DEEPLY CONFLICT$ AB\T ACCEPT+ !IR M9I/]IAL POSITIONS TO BEG9 )4 ,PEIRO LAT] WROTE ?AT 0! ,C,N,T HAD O!R OPTIONS1 BE=E COM+ TO ?AT40 ,& !Y KNEW ?AT !IR APPO9TM5TS HAD CAUS$ AN UPRO> 9 ! ,C,N,T'S RANKS1 GIV5 ! DUBI\S WAY 9 :I* !Y W]E MADE4 ,!Y W]E ALSO AW>E ?AT ! MILITANTS W\LD NEV] =GIVE !M IF1 ADD$ TO EV]Y?+1 !Y FL$ ! CITY4 ,TO JU/IFY ITS 5TRANCE 9TO ! GOV]NM5T1 ! ,C,N,T DECL>$3 0,WE >E ABSOLUTELY C]TA9 ?AT ! COMRADES SELECT$ TO REPRES5T ! ,C,N,T 9 ! GOV]NM5T WILL KN[ H[ TO C>RY \T !IR DUTY & ! MISSION 5TRU/$ TO !M4 ,!Y >E NOT SO MU* PEOPLE AS W>RIORS & REVOLUTION>IES 9 ! S]VICE ( ANTI-FASCI/ VICTORY40 .<#f#g#b.> ,W>RIORS & REVOLUTION>IES &1 9 ! FACE ( ! FIR/ ATTACK1 !Y AB&ON GR\ND & JO9 ! FLEE+ CR[D8 ,IMPOSSIBLE6 

0,LEAVE80 ,G>CIA ,OLIV] ASK$ ,L>GO ,CABALL]O 9 ! NAME ( ! F\R ,CONF$]ALS4 0,WE JU/ GOT H]E6 ,NO6 ,! GOV]NM5T %\LD /AY 9 ,MADRID & ! M9I/]S %\LD LEAD ! /RUGGLE & EV5 FI<T ON ! B>RICADES40 ,ALL ! M9I/]S1 9CLUD+ ! ,COMMUNI/S1 LOOK$ 9 HORROR AT ! LUNATIC TELL+ !M TO MAN ! B>RICADES4 ,!N !Y LOOK$ AT ! ,PRIME ,M9I/]1 :O MADE HIS IRRITATION CLE> ) HIS GE/URES4 ,L>GO ,CABALL]O URG$ ! ,C,N,T M9I/]S TO 0BEHAVE REASONABLY20 TIME WAS ( ! ESS5CE & ! DECISION HAD TO BE UNANIM\S4 ,G>CIA ,OLIV] REASS]T$ HIS POSITION & ?IS PUT ! GOV]NM5T 9 A DEADLOCK4 ,:AT TO DO8 ,L>GO ,CABALL]O PROPOS$ ?AT ! ,C,N,T MEMB]S CONF] AB\T ! ISSUE PRIVATELY BECAUSE ! VOTE1 HE REPEAT$1 HAD TO BE UNANIM\S4 ,! F\R ,C,N,T M9I/]S LEFT ! ROOM TO MEET ALONE4 ,!Y C\LDN'T *ANGE A POSITION ?AT !Y ALL %>$1 BUT !Y DID HAVE TO RESOLVE ! SITUATION4 ,!Y DECID$ TO CALL ! ,C,N,T ,NATIONAL ,COMMITTEE & LET IT DECIDE4 ,HORACIO ,M4 ,PRIETO'S RESPONSE WAS 0,HOLD FIRM1 BUT C$E IF !RE'S A RISK ( CRISIS40 ,!RE WAS A NEW AFFIRMATION FROM ,G>CIA ,OLIV] & A NEW RESPONSE FROM ,L>GO ,CABALL]O3 A DEAD 5D4 ,! ATMOSPH]E WAS UNBE>ABLE4 ,! O!R M9I/]S LO/ !IR PATI5CE ) ?OSE ,C,N,T MADM52 MEMB]S ( ,MANUEL ,AZANA'S P>TY REPROA*$ ,L>GO ,CABALL]O = HIS ZEAL TO PUT ! AN>*I/S 9 ! GOV]NM5T4 0,Y\ Y\RSELF CREAT$ ?IS SITUATION60 

,! ,CONF$]AL M9I/]S LEFT ! ROOM AGA9 TO MEET 9 PRIVATE4 ,!RE WAS ANO!R TELEPHONE CALL TO ,PRIETO4 ,?IS TIME HE RESPOND$3 0,VOTE1 & !N RETURN TO ,MADRID IMM$IATELY40 

,!RE WAS A HEAVY SIL5CE :5 ,G>CIA ,OLIV] ROSE TO COMMUNICATE ! RESULT ( !IR DELIB]ATIONS4 ,HE ANN\NC$ ?AT 0! ,C,N,T VOTES = ! GOV]NM5T'S DEP>TURE40 ,! O!R M9I/]S LET \T A L\D SI< ( RELIEF4 .<#f#g#c.> ,FROM !N ON1 EV]Y?+ MOV$ AT A CRAZY PACE4 ,! OBSESSION WAS3 LEAVE1 LEAVE1 & LEAVE AS SOON AS POSSIBLE4 

,! SPIRIT 9 ! /REET /OOD 9 %>P CONTRA/ TO ! C[>DL9ESS F\ND AMONG ! M9I/]S4 ,! ,C,N,T & ,U,G,T RELEAS$ A MANIFE/O ?AT SAID1 9 ESS5CE1 0,LIB]TY OR ,DEA?60 ,RADIO /ATIONS BROADCA/ IMPROVIS$ SPEE*ES CALL+ UPON ! PEOPLE TO FI<T4 ,/REET ORATORS R\S$ ! CR[DS :O W]E DEM&+ WEAPONS4 ,! EXCITEM5T TURN$ 9TO A COLLECTIVE DELIRIUM & ! 9DIVIDUAL DISSOLV$ 9TO ! GR\P4 ,PEOPLE BREA!D COLLECTIVELY BECAUSE !Y HAD VISIONS ( A COLLECTIVE DEA?4 

,! GOV]NM5T BEGAN ITS ESCAPE AS SOON AS D>KNESS FELL & ITS DEP>TURE WASN'T ORGANIZ$ BUT RA!R A FR5ZI$ FLI<T4 ,L>GO ,CABALL]O PREP>$ A S]IES ( ORD]S = ,G5]AL ,MIAJA1 AFT] PUTT+ HIM 9 *>GE ( ! DEF5SE ( ,MADRID4 .<#f#g#d.> ,HE ALSO MADE UP 9/RUCTIONS = ,G5]AL ,POZAS P]TA9+ TO ! >MY ( ! ,C5T]4 ,HE PLAC$ ! COMM&S 9 5VELOPES & SEAL$ & M>K$ !M )3 0,DO NOT OP5 BE=E #f3 AM ON ,NOVEMB] #g40 

,! GOV]NM5T TOOK (F = ,VAL5CIA ON A ROAD ?AT PASSES ?R\< ,T>ANCON1 A T[N ?AT IS APPROXIMATELY =TY KILOMET]S FROM ! CAPITAL4 ,! REMA9S ( A UNIT ?AT HAD F\<T 9 ,SIGU5ZA W]E !RE1 UND] ! COMM& ( ! AN>*I/ ,VILLANUEVA4 ,NEI!R ,VILLANUEVA NOR HIS M5 KNEW :AT HAD HAPP5$ 9 ,MADRID1 BUT ! ,C,N,T ,DEF5SE ,COMMITTEE ( ! ,C5T] HAD 9/RUCT$ !M TO /OP ANYONE FROM LEAV+ ! CAPITAL & TO DIS>M :OMEV] CAME TO !IR *ECKPO9T4  
  

,A L>GE C>AVAN ( C>S LEFT ,MADRID1 C>RY+ ! C[>DS RUNN+ FROM ! DANG]4 ,! MILITIAM5 /OPP$ ! AUTOMOBILES 9 ,T>ANCON ) RIFLES 9 H&4 ,!Y ASK$3 

0,:]E >E Y\ GO+80 

0,TO ,VAL5CIA40 

0,:Y80 

0,SPECIAL MISSION0 

,EV]YONE SEEMS TO BE ON A SPECIAL MISSION4 ,ALL ! SP9ELESS WEAKL+S >E TRY+ TO GET SPECIAL MISSIONS4 ,! MILITIAM5 DON'T BUDGE3 0,Y\'RE C[>DS6 ,GO BACK TO ,MADRID60 

,SOME1 A%AM$1 RETURN4 ,O!RS 9SI/ ON PASS+4 

0,OK1 LEAVE Y\R >MS4 ,Y\ DON'T NE$ !M 9 ,VAL5CIA40 

,P$RO ,RICO >RIVES 9 A C>4 ,HE'S CURL$ UP 9 A BALL ) PANIC WRITT5 ALL OV] HIS FACE4 ,! MILITIAM5 LAU< AT HIM3 

0,SO1 Y\ WANT TO CLE> \T TOO1 Y\ PU%OV]860 

,P$RO ,RICO IS ! ,MAYOR ( ,MADRID & TRIES TO MAKE AN EXCUSE = HIMSELF1 BUT A MILITIAMAN 9T]RUPTS3 

0,WE %\LD KILL Y\ RI<T H]E60 

,HE MANAGES TO ESCAPE4 ,HE HEADS BACK T[>D ,MADRID1 FOLL[$ BY LAU<] & JE]S4 ,HE'LL SEEK REFUGE 9 A =EIGN EMBASSY :5 HE GETS TO ! CITY4 

,IT'S ALREADY LATE AT NI<T4 ,JOSE ,VILLANUEVA IS COMM&+ ! GR\PS AT ! *ECKPO9T4 ,HE'S ?9 & DET]M9$4 ,HE F\<T AT ! ,M\NTA9 B>RACKS1 9 ,GUADALAJ>A1 & ALSO ,SIGU5ZA4 ,AT DAYBREAK HE & HIS M5 WILL M>* (F TO HELP DEF5D ,MADRID4 ,HE WILL FI<T 9 ! ,CASA DE ,CAMPO & DIE 9 ! BATTLE ( ,T]UEL4 

,A C>AVAN ( C>S >RIVES4 ,! MILITIAM5 HOLD !M4 ,A VOICE %\TS3 0,CLE> ! WAY6 ,!RE >E M9I/]S 9 ! C>S60 

,BUT ALL ! OCCUPANTS >E TOLD TO GET \T ( ! VEHICLES4 ,ONE ( !M APPROA*ES ,VILLANUEVA3 

0,?IS IS \TRAGE\S6 ,I'M ! M9I/] ( ,=EIGN ,AFFAIRS & ,I'M GO+ TO ,VAL5CIA40 

,VILLANUEVA RESPONDS3 0,AS A M9I/]1 IT'S Y\R RESPONSIBILITY TO BE AT ! PEOPLE'S SIDE4 ,Y\ DEMORALIZE ! FI<T]S BY FLEE+40 

,?REE OR F\R MORE M9I/]S TURN UP 7,COMMUNI/S ,JESUS ,H]N&EZ & ,VIC5TE ,URIBE & ! ,C,N,T'S ,JUAN ,LOPEZ74 ,VILLANUEVA DIS>MS !M & S5DS !M TO A ROOM4 ,FRI<T5$1 ONE ( !M ASKS3 0,:AT >E Y\ GO+ TO DO80 

0,TO MY LIK+10 HE REPLI$1 0PUT Y\ BETWE5 US & ! FASCI/S :5 WE GO 9TO BATTLE TOMORR[4440 

0,?IS IS UNBELIEVABLE60 

0,EXECUT+ Y\ W\LD BE EV5 BETT]1 :I* IS EXACTLY :AT Y\ DES]VE40.<#f#g#e.>  
  

,:ILE TRAVEL+ TO ,MADRID1 ,CIPRIANO ,M]A /OPP$ 9 ,T>ANCON TO SPEAK ) ,FELICIANO ,B5ITO1 :OSE COMM& PO/ WAS 9 ! T[N4 ,HE F\ND \T ?AT ,FELICIANO WASN'T !RE1 BECAUSE HAD LEFT = ,MADRID AFT] ,$U>DO ,VAL HAD SUMMON$ HIM4 ,HE SPOKE ) ,JOSE ,VILLANUEVA TO F9D \T :AT WAS NEW3 ,VILLANUEVA TOLD ME ?AT HE HAD DETA9$ ! FOLL[+ 9DIVIDUALS = FLEE+ ,MADRID3 ,G5]AL ,AS5SIO1 ! ,SUB-,SECRET>Y ( ,W> .<#f#g#f.> 2 ,SOCIALI/ ,ALV>EZ DEL ,VAYO1 ! ,M9I/] ( ,=EIGN ,AFFAIRS2 \R COMRADE ,JUAN ,LOPEZ1 ! ,M9I/] ( ,TRADE2 ,G5]AL ,POZAS1 :O CLAIM$ HE'D BE5 ORD]$ TO E/ABLI% HIS COMM& PO/ 9 ,T>ANCON1 .<#f#g#g.> & A FEW O!RS4444 ,I CALL$ ,VAL 9 ,MADRID 444 & TOLD HIM AB\T ! PEOPLE DETA9$ & ASK$ HIM :AT WE %\LD DO ) !M 444 ,VAL TOLD ME ?AT HE WAS LEAV+ = ,T>ANCON IMM$IATELY4 

,IT WAS #b3 AM :5 COMRADE ,VAL & ,HORACIO ,M4 ,PRIETO1 ! ,C,N,T'S ,G5]AL ,SECRET>Y1 REA*$ ,T>ANCON4 ,PRIETO WAS ALSO LEAV+4444 ,VAL TOLD US ?AT GIV5 ! CIRCUM/ANCES1 P>TICUL>LY 9 ,MADRID1 EV]YONE %\LD OCCUPY !IR PLACE3 ?AT IS1 LET ! DETA9EES GO TO ,VAL5CIA1 :]E ! GOV]NM5T N[ RESIDES4 ,LIKEWISE1 HE REIT]AT$ ?AT ! COMRADES REPRES5T+ US 9 ! GOV]NM5T HAD OPPOS$ ! AB&ONM5T ( ,MADRID BUT1 S9CE ! MAJORITY OPT$ TO DO SO1 IT WAS BE/ TO ACCEPT ! DECISION4 ,HE SAID3 0,SO1 COMRADES1 ONCE AGA9 WE'RE GO+ TO C$E4 ,LET !M GO40 .<#f#g#h.> ,! ABOVE /ORY IS IMPORTANT BECAUSE IT SETS ! CONTEXT = TWO ACTS ( 9DISCIPL9E ?AT 5ABL$ ,MADRID TO BE SAV$4 ,CLE>LY M5 HAVE TO LIVE AS ?9K+ BE+S1 NOT AUTOMATONS444 

,MIAJA'S 9/RUCTIONS W]E TO KEEP HIS 5VELOPE SEAL$ UNTIL #f3 9 ! MORN+ ON ,NOVEMB] #g4 ,OBVI\SLY ?AT WAS AN ABSURD ORD]1 GIV5 ! SITUATION 9 ,MADRID & ?AT HE HAD TO ASSUME HIS PO/ RI<T AWAY4 ,BUT HE HESITAT$1 & TURN$ ! 5VELOPE OV] & OV] 9 HIS H&S4 ,:ILE TRY+ TO DECIDE :AT TO DO1 HE MADE ,VIC5TE ,ROJO ,LLU* *IEF ( HIS ,G5]AL ,/AFF & REALIZ$ H[ EXTRAORD9>ILY *AOTIC ?+S W]E3 NOBODY KNEW ANY?+ AB\T ANY?+1 NOT EV5 ! EXACT LOCATION ( ?OSE :O W]E SUPPOS$ TO DEF5D ! CAPITAL4 ,EV]Y?+ HAD TO BE ORGANIZ$ FROM SCRAT*4 ,SO1 CONSID]+ ALL ?IS1 ,MIAJA DECID$ TO /OP WAIT+ & OP5$ ! 5VELOPE AT #a#a3 PM4 ,& W\LDN'T HE BE SURPRIS$ :5 HE F\ND \T ?AT ! CONT5TS ( ! 5VELOPE W]E NOT = HIM BUT = ,G5]AL ,POZAS6 ,!RE=E ,POZAS MU/ ALSO HAVE ! WRONG 5VELOPE6 ,:]E WAS HE8 

,POZAS WAS 9 ,T>ANCON1 DETA9$ BY ,VILLANUEVA1 :I* ,MIAJA DIDN'T KN[4 ,IT WAS ONLY AFT] ,CIPRIANO ,M]A CALL$ ,$U>DO ,VAL TO TELL HIM ?AT ,VILLANUEVA HAD DETA9$ ,G5]AL ,AS5SIO & ,POZAS ?AT ,VAL CONTACT$ ,MIAJA & 9=M$ HIM ?AT ,POZAS WAS 9 ,T>ANCON4 ,?ANKS TO ?IS1 ,MIAJA WAS ABLE EX*ANGE HIS 5VELOPE ) ! ONE 9 ,POZAS'S POSSESSION4.<#f#g#i.> ,!RE WAS A HEAVY BATTLE ?AT NI<T1 BUT ! MILITIAS F\<T FIRMLY & )\T RETREAT+4 ,RADIO /ATIONS 5C\RAG$ ! FI<T]S ) SPEE*ES DECL>+ ?AT 0,MADRID WILL BE ! FASCI/S' TOMB60 ,! ,C,N,T'S ,LOCAL ,F$]ATION ( ,UNIONS DISSEM9AT$ A CALL BY RADIO3  
  

,MADRID1 FREE ( ! M9I/]S1 COMMISSION]S1 & 0T\RI/S0 FEELS MORE CONFID5T 9 ITS /RUGGLE4444 ,! PEOPLE ( ,MADRID DON'T NE$ ALL ?OSE T\RI/S :O HAVE GONE TO ,VAL5CIA & ,CATALONIA4 ,MADRID1 FREE ( M9I/]S1 WILL BURY ! FASCI/S6 ,ONW>D1 MILITIAM56 ,VIVA ,MADRID )\T GOV]NM5T6 ,VIVA ! SOCIAL REVOLUTION6  
  

,9 ,VAL5CIA1 ! ,C,N,T & ,F,A,I RELEAS$ AN EV5 MORE MILITANT /ATEM5T3  
  

,WE (F] \R HOMES & \R BREAD TO ,MADRID'S WOM51 *ILDR51 ELD]LY1 & 9JUR$4 ,BUT WE HAVE ONLY DISDA9 = ! C[>DS & DES]T]S RUNN+ FROM ! CAPITAL3 COMRADES1 MAKE !IR LIVES IMPOSSIBLE6.<#f#h.>  
  

,! ,C,N,T'S REACTION 9 ,MADRID1 ,VAL5CIA1 & ,B>CELONA EMBODI$ ! REVOLUTION>Y SPIRIT ( ! PEOPLE4 ,AS ALWAYS1 DUR+ KEY HI/ORICAL MOM5TS1 ! PEOPLE >E MORE RADICAL ?AN !IR LEAD]S4 ,IT WAS 9 ! MID/ ( ?IS TURBUL5CE ?AT ,DURRUTI GAVE ! SPEE* CIT$ ABOVE4 ,HIS /ANCE CO9CID$ ) ?AT ( ! WORK+ MASSES & W\LD ONLY 5HANCE !IR RADICALIZATION4 ,DURRUTI'S POPUL>ITY %OT UP 9 A FEW H\RS & HE BECAME ! VOICE ( ! PEOPLE'S WILL4 ,DURRUTI SAID \T L\D :AT ! WORK]S FELT3  
  

,WE'RE FI<T+ TO CRU% ! 5EMY ON ! FRONT4 ,BUT IS ?AT ! ONLY ?+8 ,NO6 ,!RE IS ALSO AN 5EMY AMONG US ?AT UND]M9ES \R REVOLUTION>Y CONQUE/S4 ,WE'LL CRU% IT AS WELL4  
  

,MANY O!RS SPOKE 9 ! SAME T]MS AS ,DURRUTI1 BUT !RE WAS A DIFF]5CE & ! PEOPLE KNEW IT4 ,DURRUTI COMB9$ !ORY & PRACTICE4 ,HE SAID NO TO MILIT>ISM & DIDN'T DRESS UP LIKE A G5]AL4 ,HE SAID NO TO PRIVILEGES & LIV$ AMONG ! MILITIAM54 ,HE F\<T = A CLASSLESS SOCIETY & ! DAILY PRACTICE 9 ! ,COLUMN CAME AS CLOSE TO IT AS POSSIBLE4 ,DURRUTI'S PRE/IGE EM]G$ FROM HIS REVOLUTION>Y COH]5CE4 

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,*RONOLOGY 3 
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