,DY] ,D4 ,LUM 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,VOLTAIR9E ,DE ,CLEYRE 

,TEXT 3 

,DY] ,D4 ,LUM 

7,FEBRU>Y #a#e1 #a#h#c#i--,APRIL #f1 #a#h#i#c7 

,ONE ( ! SIL5T M>TYRS :OSE GRAVES >E TRODD5 TO ! LEVEL BY !IR FELL[S' FEET1 ALMO/ BE=E IT IS SE5 ?AT !Y HAVE FALL51 COMPLET$ HIS M>TYRDOM ONE YE> AGO TO-NI<T4 

,!RE >E ?\S&S ( SU*1 :Y !N COMMEMORATE ?IS ONE8 

,LET \R ANSW] BE ?AT 9 ?IS ONE WE COMMEMORATE ALL ! O!RS1 & IF WE HAVE *OS5 HIS DAY & NAME1 IT IS BECAUSE HIS G5IUS1 HIS WORK1 HIS *>ACT] WAS ONE ( ?OSE R>E GEMS PRODUC$ 9 ! GREAT M9E ( SUFF]+ & FLA%+ BACKW>D ) ALL ITS *ANG+ LI<TS ! HOPES1 ! FE>S1 ! GAIETIES1 ! GRIEFS1 ! DREAMS1 ! D\BTS1 ! LOVES1 ! HATES1 ! SUM ( ?AT :I* IS BURI$1 L[ D[N !RE1 9 ! HUMAN M9E4 

,NO MORE MODE/ A MAN ?AN ,DY] ,D4 ,LUM EV] LIV$2 P>TLY1 NAY MO/LY1 9DE$1 IT WAS 9BORN1 9/9CTIVE2 BUT IT WAS ALSO FO/]$ BY HIS CONCEPTION ( LIFE1 :I* L$ HIM TO CONSID] SELF AS ! V]IE/ ( SOAP-BUBBLES1 A ?+ TO BE DISPELL$ BY ! M]E/ :IFF ( W9D1 SO TO SPEAK2 & !RE=E1 P]SONAL RECOGNITION OR P]SONAL GA9 AS ! MO/ SILLY1 AS WELL AS UNWOR?Y1 ( MOTIVES4 ,= ?IS REASON HIS WORKS HAVE (T5 GONE :]E HIS NAME DID NOT1 & ?\S&S ( P]SONS HAVE BE5 9FLU5C$ BY HIS LOGIC & HIS S5TIM5TS :O NEV] HE>D ( HIS P]SONALITY4 ,9DE$ !RE W]E SOME ( US :O WOND]$ :5 HE DI$1 :AT C]TA9 LABOR LEAD]S W\LD H5CE=? DO = A *EAP SCRIBE TO FURNI% !M BRA9S4 

,I HAVE (T5 HE>D HIM QUOTE AS HIS MOTTO1 BO? = ORGANIZATION & = LIT]>Y EF=T1 ! EXPRESSIVE S5T5CE3 0,GET 9 Y\R WORK40 0,LET FOOLS TAKE ! CR$IT IF !Y WANT IT10 WAS ! IMPLICATION ( HIS TONE1 & ,I %ALL NEV] =GET ! DELI<TFUL SMILE ) :I* HE REPEAT$ ,*>LES ,MACKAY'S L9ES1 MO/ S+UL>LY TRANSPOS+ ! AU?OR'S MEAN+3 0,GRUB LITTLE MOLES----40 ,HE TOOK AN ESPECIAL PLEASURE 9 GRUBB+1 & SMIL+ :5 A /REAK ( SUNLI<T FELL ON SOME ONE ELSE4 

,I HAVE SAID ?AT ?IS DI/+UI%+ *>ACT]I/IC1 SO FRUITFUL 9 RESULTS 9 HIS LAT] LIFE1 WAS P>TLY 9/9CTIVE & P>TLY A PHILOSOPHIC CONVICTION4 ,! 9/9CTIVE SIDE MAY BE BE/ UND]/OOD BY A BRIEF SKET* ( HIS ANCE/RY4 ,IT IS G5]ALLY COMPLA9$ ?AT ! TR\BLESOME PEOPLE :O >E NEV] SATISFI$ TO LET SOCIETY ALONE1 MU/ NECESS>ILY BE =EIGN]S2 AT LEA/ !Y CAN NEV] BELONG TO ! SAME NATION AS WE1 ! GOOD1 ! RESPECTABLE4 ,! EASY ME?OD ( LAY+ EV]Y?+ PE/IL5T TO ! *>GE ( ! =EIGN]1 WILL NOT S]VE A CONS]VATIVE ,AM]ICAN AGA9/ ,DY] ,D4 ,LUM4 ,! FIR/ ( ! ,LUMS TO SET FOOT 9 ?IS C\NTRY WAS ,SAMUEL ,L41 A ,SCOT*MAN1 9 ! YE> #a#g#c#b4 ,!Y ROOT$ 9 ,NEW ,5GL& SOIL1 & AT ! TIME ( ! ,REVOLUTION1 ,DY]'S GREAT GR&FA!R WAS A M9UTE-MAN 9 ! V]Y T[N1 ,NOR?AMPTON1 :]E HIS [N CORPSE WAS LAID A YE> AGO4 ,ON ! MAT]NAL SIDE ! ,TAPPAN FAMILY W]E ALSO REVOLUTIONI/S1 & BACK ( REVOLUTIONI/S ,RE=MATIONI/S 9 ! DAYS ( ,QUE5 ,ELIZABE?1 & /ILL BACK ( ?AT1 ,CRUSAD]S4 ,ALL ?IS W\LD BE IMPORTANT 5\< & 9DE$ EV5 DI/+UI%+1 W]E ,I RELAT+ IT BY WAY ( 0GILD+ REF9$ GOLD02 BUT !Y ACQUIRE MEAN+ ! MOM5T WE REG>D !M AS DATA = A *>ACT]4 ,!Y >E FRAU<T ) MY/]I\S SYMBOLISM1 & HE HIMSELF BECOMES A SYMBOL ( ! DEEP-ROOT$ FAI? ( HUMANITY1 :5 WE SEE ?AT SUBT]RANEAN /REAM ( BLOOD RUNN+ FROM ,J]USALEM ?R\< ,EUROPE & ACROSS ! SEA TO ,AM]ICA4 ,IT %[S H[ PR(\ND IS ! WELL-SPR+ ( DEVOTION TO CAUSE 9 ! HUMAN HE>T2 ?R\< H[ MANY C5TURIES ! SPIRIT ( REBELLION LIVES4 ,BUT :AT1 SAY Y\1 HAD IT TO DO ) HIS 9/9CTIVE MODE/Y8 ,?IS3 ! DEVOTEE ( A CAUSE IS NEV] ! DEVOTEE ( SELF4 

,N[ AS TO HIS PHILOSOPHIC CONVICTIONS1 IT W\LD BE EASY TO DELIV] A :OLE LECTURE UPON !M2 & UN=TUNATELY HIS PR(\NDE/ WORK ON ?AT SUBJECT HAS NOT YET BE5 PR9T$4 ,( C\RSE1 ,I CAN PRES5T !M BUT BRIEFLY4 ,I MU/ PREFACE ?AT1 AS Y\ WILL NO D\BT OBS]VE LAT] ON1 HIS BELIEFS W]E 9 HIS [N CASE A PLA9 TE/IMONY TO !IR [N CORRECTNESS4 ,IT S\NDS RIDICUL\S TO SAY ?AT A ?+ CAN PROVE ITSELF2 BUT Y\ WILL UND]/& ME :5 ,I EXPLA9 ?AT HE REG>D$ ! CONSCI\S LIFE ( MAN1 :I* 9CLUDES1 ( C\RSE1 HIS PROCESSES ( REASON+ & !RE=E HIS PHILOSOPHY1 AS ! M]E/ FRAGM5T ( HIM2 ?AT ?IS PROCESS ITSELF1 :I* WE >E WONT SO FONDLY TO CONSID] AS SETT+ US HI<] ?AN ! BRUTE1 IS BUT AN UPGR[? ( \R 9/9CTS4 ,MAN1 ! RACE ,MAN1 PSY*OLOGICALLY AS WELL AS BODILY1 MI<T BE LIK5$ TO A TREE1 :I* EV]Y YE> ADDS SMALL NEW GR[?S :OSE BRI<T GRE5 V]DURE OP5S TO ! SUNLI<T1 :ILE BEL[ & SUPPORT+ !M QUIV]S ! GREAT D>K GRE5 MASS ( ! TREE1 :I* YE> AFT] YE> REPEATS ITSELF1 :ISP]+ 9 ITS %AD[S ! OLD :ISP]S ( ! C5TURIES4 ,! NEW V]DURE W\LD REPRES5T ! CONSCI\S LIFE & GR[? ( 9DIVIDUALS1 BUDD+ UPW>D 9 RESPONSE TO ! CONDITIONS SURR\ND+ !M & ADD+ :AT T9Y MITE !Y MAY TO ! EXP]I5CE ( ! RACE2 BUT B5EA? & ?R\<1 & ALL AB\T !M RU/LE ! TRADITIONS ( ! DEAD--DEAD AS 9DIVIDUALS1 BUT LIV+1 MORE POT5TLY LIV+ ?AN EV]1 9 ! GREAT TRUNK & BRAN*ES ( UNCONSCI\S1 OR 9/9CTIVE LIFE4 ,& AS ! %APE ( ! NEWLY BUDD+ LEAF1 ! %ADE ( ITS GRE51 ! L5G? ( ITS /EM1 ITS SIZE1 >E DET]M9$ MORE BY ! NATURE ( ! TREE ?AN BY SURR\ND+ CIRCUM/ANCES1 SO ! PHILOSOPHY ( ! 9DIVIDUAL IS DET]M9$ BY ! 9/9CTIVE LIFE ( ! RACE4 

,! W9T] ( DEA? COMES2 ! 9DIVIDUAL WI!RS LIKE ! LEAF2 BUT ! SMALL ITEM ( GR[? ?AT HE HAS ADD$ IS !RE1 BR[N & B>R5 ?\< ! TWIG APPE>4 ,FROM HIM NEW BUDS WILL %OOT1 ?\< ITS [N LEAVES H]EAFT] RU/LE 9 ! DEEP GRE5 %AD[S ( UNCONSCI\SNESS4 ,AS TIME PASSES AWAY USELESS B\<S WI!R & DIE1 & >E /RICK5 UTT]LY FROM ! LIFE ( ! RACE2 SU* >E ! WOR?LESS LIVES1 ! ABNORMAL GR[?S1 :I* NO LONG] ADD ANY?+ EI!R TO ! BEAUTY OR ! S]VICE ( ! :OLE4 

,OR1 TO ADOPT ONE ( ,COMRADE ,LUM'S [N FIGURES1 ! USELESS OR BRUTI% ELEM5TS 9 MAN SL[LY S9K D[N LIKE S$IM5T DEPOSIT$ BY ! MOV+ CURR5T4 ,N[1 9 A CASE :]E WE >E ABLE TO TRACE A /RA9 ( BLOOD AS F> BACK AS ?IS ( HIS1 & FUR!R >E ABLE TO LOOK AT ! CONSCI\S WORK ( ! MAN1 & SEE ?AT ! ONE WAS ! (FSPR+ ( ! O!R1 MODIFI$ ( C\RSE BY CIRCUM/ANCES1 WE >E ABLE TO MAKE ! SEEM+LY ABSURD /ATEM5T ?AT ! BELIEF PROVES ITS [N CORRECTNESS4 

,LET ME P>TICUL>IZE CONC]N+ ?IS BELIEF4 ,FIR/ HE WAS 9 ALL HIS WRIT+S ! ADVOCATE ( RESI/ANCE1 ! *AMPION ( REBELLION4 ,BUT LONG BE=E HE HAD R$UC$ ! MATT] TO A SYLLOGISM1 HE WAS A RESI/ANT 9 FACT4 ,:AT ELSE C\LD Y\ EXPECT FROM ! ,CRUSAD]1 ! ,RE=MATIONI/1 ! ,REVOLUTIONI/8 ,IT MI<T BE SAID BY ! PEOPLE :O BELIEVE 9 ! SUPREME 9FLU5CE ( CIRCUM/ANCES1 ?AT IT WAS HIS SOCIAL 5VIRONM5T :I* MADE HIM SU*--?AT GIV5 ! IDEAL SOCIAL ORD] & HE W\LD HAVE BE5 AS MILD A PACIFICATOR AS ,JESUS3 :I* IS EQUIVAL5T TO SAY+ ?AT GIV5 ! \TW>D CIRCUM/ANCES & AN E> ( :EAT WILL GR[ FROM A SE$ CORN4 

,LUM WAS ! RESI/ANT1 ! MAN ( ACTION2 ! MAN :O :ILE SC>CELY MORE ?AN A BOY1 5LI/$ AS A VOLUNTE] 9 ! #a#b#e? ,NEW ,YORK 9FANTRY TO FI<T A CAUSE HE !N DEEM$ JU/2 :O BE+ TAK5 PRISON]1 TWICE EFFECT$ HIS ESCAPE2 :O SICK ( ! 9ACTION ( SUP]IORS1 :ILE A ?IRD-TIME PRISON] WAIT+ TO BE EX*ANG$1 TOOK HIS EX*ANGE 9 HIS [N H&S1 AT ! RISK ( DEA? = DES]TION1 & )9 A MON? RE-5LI/$ 9 ! CAVALRY1 :]E BY %E] =CE ( D>+ HE ROSE FROM PRIVATE TO CAPTA92 ! MAN :O SMA%$ ! IDOL ( ! ,GRE5BACK MOVEM5T1 SOON] ?AN LET HIM BETRAY ITS VOT]S1 RECKLESS HIMSELF ( ! REB\ND ( HATE FROM ! POLITICIANS2 ! MAN :O CA/ ALL BUS9ESS PROSPECTS & J\RNALI/IC HOPES ASIDE AS SO MU* *AFF1 :5 HE PICK$ UP ! FALL5 BANN] ( ! FI<T 9 ,*ICAGO1 BY $IT+ ! PAP] ( ,ALB]T ,P>SONS1 !N 9 PRISON & DOOM$ TO DIE2 ! MAN :O C\LD SAY TO HIS WELL-BELOV$ FRI5D1 :5 ?AT FRI5D ASK$ HIM :E!R HE %\LD PETITION ,GOV]NOR ,OGLESBY = HIS LIFE1 KN[+ ?AT ?AT PETITION W\LD BE GRANT$1 ! MAN :O1 UND] !SE CIRCUM/ANCES C\LD SAY3 0,DIE1 ,P>SONS02 ! MAN :O POOR1 DEFEAT$1 DIRTY1 RAGG$1 HUNGRY1 C\LD PR\DLY REFUSE ! PR(F]$ H& ( ! !N K+ ( ! LABOR MOVEM5T1 ?AT K+ :O HAD KEPT HIS K+DOM BY REPUDIAT+ ! M>TYRS ( ,*ICAGO FROM ! LIMITLESS HEI<T ( ONE S\L OV] ANO!R1 ANSW] 0!RE'S BLOOD ON IT1 ,P[D]LY02 ! MAN :O FAC$ A PUBLIC AUDI5CE TO DEF5D ! %OOT+ ( ,FRICK BY ,ALEX&] ,B]KMAN1 A FEW DAYS AFT] ! OCCURR5CE1 BECAUSE HE FELT ?AT :5 ANO!R HAS DONE A ?+ :I* Y\ APPROVE AS LEAD+ 9 ! DIRECTION ( Y\R [N ASPIRATIONS1 IT IS Y\R DUTY TO %>E ! EFFECTS ( ! C\NT]BLA/ HIS ACTION MAY HAVE PROVOK$2 ! MAN :O SEIZ$ ! UNKN[N ,MON/]1 ,DEA?1 ) A SMILE ON HIS LIPS--ALL ( ?IS MAN WAS G]M9AT+ 9 ! *ILD ( ! PI\S HOME :O EV5 :5 A M]E BOY HAD D>$ ,JEHOVAH4 

,HAV+ 0WEI<$ ,HIM1 TRI$ ,HIM1 F\ND ,HIM NAU<T10 HE ?REW ! ,JEWI% ,GOD & COSMOGONY OV]BO>D ) AS MU* EQUANIMITY AS HE W\LD HAVE EAT5 HIS D9N]1 & SET AB\T F9D+ A MORE REASONABLE EXPLANATION ( PH5OM5A4 ,9 ?IS1 AS 9 ALL O!R MATT]S1 ! MAN ( ACTION HAS A C]TA9 ADVANTAGE OV] A PURE !ORI/1 :I* IS ?IS3 HE PLUNGES IMM$IATELY 9TO ! CONFLICT1 HE ?R[S ! GANTLET1 RA%LY SOMETIMES1 BUT BOLDLY2 HE SETTLES ! QUE/ION AT ONCE2 IF !RE IS ANY SUFF]+ ATTA*$ TO ! ATTEMPT1 HE SUFF]S ONCE & HAS DONE ) IT2 :ILE ! !ORI/1 ! FELL[ :O WALKS TIPTOE R\ND ! $GE ( ! BATTLEFIELD1 DIES A HUNDR$ TIMES & /ILL SUFF]S ON4 

,MY [N CONV]SION FROM OR?ODOXY TO FREE?\<T WAS ( ?IS LATT] SORT4 ,I NEV] D>$ ,GOD2 ,I ALWAYS TRI$ TO PROPITIATE HIM ) PRAY]S & TE>S EV5 :ILE ,I WAS D\BT+ HIS EXI/5CE2 ,I SUFF]$ HELL A ?\S& TIMES :ILE ,I WAS WOND]+ :]E IT WAS LOCAT$4 ,BUT MY TEA*] W9K$ AT ! HEAV5S1 BRAV$ HELL1 & !N TOSS$ ! :OLE AFFAIR ASIDE ) A JOKE4 

,NEV]!LESS1 HE DID NOT1 AS NE>LY ALL ( \R MOD]N IMAGE-BREAK]S HAVE DONE1 D5Y ALL RELIGIONS 9 !IR 5TIRETY1 BECAUSE HE HAD RUN A LANCE ?R\< A /UFF$ ,MUMBO-,JUMBO4 ,9DE$1 ! SPIRIT ( DEVOTION TO SOME?+ GREAT] ?AN ,SELF1 :I* WILL BE F\ND AS ! K]NEL ( EV]Y RELIGION1 WAS SO ?OR\<LY 9 HIM1 OR 9DE$ WAS HE HIMSELF ?AT :E!R HE FANCI$ HIMSELF WILL+ IT OR NOT1 HIS 9CL9ATIONS DIRECT$ ALL HIS CONSCI\S EF=TS TO READ ! RIDDLE ( LIFE 9TO ! *ANNEL ( ,BUDDHISM4 ,I DO NOT KN[ :E!R HE EV] ACCEPT$ ITS PECULI>LY FANCIFUL SIDE OR NOT2 BUT IF HE DID1 IT WAS E>LY CORRECT$ BY A NO LESS *>ACT]I/IC TRAIT1 ALSO AN 9H]ITANCE ( ! ,TAPPAN FAMILY1 ?AT ( CRITICAL ANALYSIS4 ,AN OMNIVOR\S READ]1 HE WAS ALWAYS ABREA/ ( ! TIMES 9 MATT]S ( SCI5TIFIC DISCOV]Y2 & HIS 9EXORABLE LOGIC W\LD NEV] HAVE P]MITT$ HIM TO RETA9 A CRE$ :I* NECESSITAT$ ANY DOCTOR+ ( FACTS2 HE RA!R DOCTOR$ ! CRE$ TO FIT ! FACTS & ?US EVOLV$ A SPECIES ( MOD]N ,BUDDHISM :I* HE CALL$ 0,EVOLUTIONAL ,E?ICS10 :OSE PR9CIPLES MAY BE BRIEFLY /AT$ AS FOLL[S3 

,MAN IS ! CONT9UATION ( ! PROCESS ( EVOLUTION UP TO DATE4 ,HE IS ?US UNIT$ TO ALL O!R PRODUCTS ( EVOLUTION1 & IS GOV]N$ BY ! SAME LAWS4 ,! TWO FACTORS :I* DET]M9E =M 9 ! ORGANIC WORLD >E ADAPTATION & 9H]ITANCE2 & S9CE EVOLUTION IS NO LESS A MATT] ( PSY*OLOGY ?AN PHYSIOLOGY1 ! S\L ( MAN AS WELL AS ! S\L ( ANIMALS & PLANTS1 MU/ BE MOLD$ BY !SE FACTORS4 ,?AT 9H]ITANCE T5DS TO CRY/ALLIZE EXI/+ =MS1 :ILE ADAPTATION1 OR ! 9FLU5CE ( 5VIRONM5T1 EV] T5DS TO MODIFICATION ( =MS1 :E!R PHYSICAL OR 9TELLECTUAL4 ,?AT M9D AS MU* AS BODY IS UNCONSCI\S1 SO F> AS !RE IS P]FECT ADAPTATION TO SURR\ND+S2 & ?AT ONLY :5 9H>MONY ( ! ORGANISM ) ! 5VIRONM5T AS ! RESULT ( *ANGE 9 ! LATT]1 >ISES1 CAN !RE BE CONSCI\SNESS4 ,?AT ?IS CONSCI\SNESS IS A /ATE ( PA91 MORE OR LESS %>PLY DEF9$2 & WILL CONT9UE TO 9CREASE 9 9T5SITY UNTIL ! NECESS>Y ADAPTATION IS ACCOMPLI%$1 :5 AS A RESULT A FEEL+ ( SATISFACTION OR PLEASURE WILL 5SUE1 GRADUALLY S9K+ 9TO ! BLISSFUL UNCONSCI\SNESS ( P]FECT H>MONY4 ,?AT PROGRESS ?US DEM&S ?IS /EPP+ CON/ANTLY UP ! R\< /AIRWAY ( PA92 & ?AT NOT EV5 ONE /EP IS PASS$ UNTIL MOI/5$ BY ! BLOOD ( MANY G5]ATIONS4 ,?AT ! PA? UP ! M\NTA9 SIDE IS NOT LAID \T BY US1 BUT = US1 & ?AT WE MU/ TRAVEL !RE :E!R IT PLEASES US OR NOT4 ,?AT ! *ANCES >E IT WILL NOT PLEASE US2 ?AT \R :OLE LIVES1 9 SO F> AS !Y >E CONSCI\S1 WILL PROBABLY BE ONE RECORD ( NEV] A*IEV$ /RUGGLE2 & ?AT RE/ WILL COME ONLY :5 WE DESC5D TO ! UNCONSCI\SNESS ( ,DEA?4 

,?US HE WAS A PESSIMI/ ( ! D>KE/ HUE2 & YET HE NEV] WA/$ A MOM5T'S REGRET ON ! FACTS4 ,HE WAT*$ ?IS PASS+ SPECT] MAN1 GLID+ AMONG ! :IRL+ DANCE ( ATOMS1 CONTEMPLAT$ HIS F9AL EXT9CTION ) COMPOSURE1 SNE]$ AT METAPHYSICIANS :ILE HE HIMSELF WAS BURI$ 9 METAPHYSICS1 & CRACK$ JOKES EI!R AT HIS [N EXP5SE OR SOMEBODY ELSE'S4 

,! RESULT ( ALL ?IS SPECULATION WAS ! CONCLUSION ?AT MAN1 BE+ A SOCIAL ANIMAL1 MU/ ADAPT HIMSELF TO SOCIAL 5DS 7NOT DET]M9$ BY HIM BUT = HIM--UNCONSCI\SLY72 ?AT !RE=E ! ONE :O SETS HIMSELF & HIS EGOTI/IC DESIRES AGA9/ ! SOCIAL IDEAL IS ! SUPREME TRAITOR4 ,HE HAD A PECULI> P[] ( EXPRESS+ VOLUMES 9 AN EPI!T2 & ! EPI!T HE GAVE TO ! ,EGOI/ WAS 0,DUNG-,BEETLE40 ,= ! SAKE ( ?OSE :O MAY NOT BE FAMILI> ) ! 9SECT REF]R$ TO1 ,I MAY EXPLA9 ?AT A DUNG-BEETLE IS A SORT ( BUG ?AT EXHIBITS ITS 9/9CTS BY ROLL+ A BALL ( DUNG1 & :O SOMETIMES APPE>S TO M$ITATE :5 HE ROLLS OV] ! BALL ?AT ! UNIV]SE HAS TURN$ BOTTOM UP--BECAUSE HE HAS4 

,N[1 IT IS WELL KN[N ?AT ! GREAT] P>T ( ! RE=M CAMP--P>TICUL>LY ! ,AN>*I/IC CAMP--IS MADE UP ( ,DUNG-,BEETLES1 ,I MEAN ( ,EGOI/S2 PEOPLE :O DECL>E ?AT ! DESIRE = PLEASURE IS ! MOTIVE ( ACTION1 :O ?9K A GREAT DEAL ( !IR EGOS & DON'T C>E A RAP = SOCIETY4 ,! RESULT WAS !Y %>P5$ !IR P5CILS & WROTE SCA?+ $ITORIALS D5\NC+ HIM4 ,TO :I* HE ANSW]$ NEV] A WORD4 ,FIR/1 BECAUSE HE DIDN'T CONSID] HIMSELF WOR? FI<T+ AB\T2 & SECOND1 IF HE HAD1 HE WAS ALTOGE!R TOO GOOD A G5]AL TO DO IT4 ,HIS OPPON5TS W]E A DISPUTATI\S SORT1 :O LIK$ NO?+ BETT] ?AN >GUM5T2 HE KNEW :AT HIS 5EMY WANT$ & DIDN'T DO IT4 

,BUT :5 A QUE/ION WOR? DISCUSS+ >OSE1 !N WOE TO ?OSE :O HAD C\RT$ ! RAPI] ( HIS WIT1 OR *ALL5G$ TO DUEL ) ! DIAMOND-TIPP$ DAGG] ( HIS S>CASM4 ,HE C\LD ANSW] COLUMNS ) A P>AGRAPH4 

,I DO NOT KN[ :E!R ?IS PHILOSOPHY ( HIS HAD CRY/ALLIZ$ 9 HIS [N M9D BE=E HE BECAME AN ,AN>*I/ OR NOT4 ,I BELIEVE1 H[EV]1 IT HAD NOT2 ,I ?9K IT GREW ALONG ) HIS O!R CONCEPTIONS1 BE+ BROAD5$ & CORRECT$1 & 9 TURN BROAD5+ & CORRECT+ HIS ?\<T 9 O!R *ANNELS4 ,BUT AT ANY RATE1 FULLY DEVELOP$ OR NOT1 IT C]TA9LY 9FLU5C$ HIS CONCLUSIONS ON ECONOMIC SUBJECTS GREATLY4 ,TRUE TO HIS 9/9CTS HE WAS ALWAYS AT ! FRONT ( BATTLE1 & :5 ! W> CLOS$ HIS FIR/ MOVE WAS TO ATTA* HIMSELF TO ! ,GRE5BACK P>TY1 ! FIR/ WIDESPREAD EXPRESSION ( ORGANIZ$ PROTE/ AGA9/ MONOPOLY ( ! MEANS ( PRODUCTION 9 ,AM]ICA4 ,HE /ILL HAD FAI? 9 ! SAV+ GRACE ( POLITICS1 & WAS ACTIVE 5\< 9 ! AGITATION TO BE NOM9AT$ = ,LIEUT4 ,GOV]NOR ( ,MASSA*USETTS ) ,W5DELL ,PHILLIPS = ,GOV]NOR4 ,! FI<T1 :I* BESIDES BE+ A DEM& = FIAT MONEY1 EMBODI$ A %ORT-H\R MOVEM5T1 TOOK ON A NATIONAL *>ACT]2 & ,DY] ,D4 ,LUM ) FIVE O!RS1 9CLUD+ ,ALB]T ,R4 ,P>SONS1 WAS APPO9T$ ON A COMMITTEE TO PU% ! MATT] BE=E ,CONGRESS4 ,?IS WAS 9 #a#h#h4 ,SIX YE>S LAT]1 TIME & ! TIDE HAD DRIV5 BO? ( !M 9TO ! GREAT CURR5T ( ,SOCIALISM1 & F9AL REPUDIATION ( POLITICS AS A MEANS ( ATTA9+ ,SOCIALI/IC IDEALS4 ,& H]E CAME 9 ! PHILOSOPHY ( ! UNCONSCI\S4 ,! SOCIALIZATION ( 9DU/RY WAS ! NEXT /EP UP ! M\NTA9 SIDE1 NOT BECAUSE M5 WI%$ OR PLANN$ IT2 BUT ! PRESSURE ( SURR\ND+S MADE IT ! ONLY POSSIBLE MOVE2 BUT ON ! O!R H& ! REACTION>Y1 SY/EM-BUILD+ ,SOCIALISM ADVOCAT$ BY ! GREAT MA/] ,M>X1 & ALL HIS TRA9 ( LITTLE REPEAT]S1 WAS SE5 TO BE AT V>IANCE ) A NO LESS M>K$ FEATURE ( ! EVOLV+ SOCIAL IDEAL1 VIZ41 ELA/ICITY1 MOBILITY1 CON/ANTLY 9CREAS+ DIFF]5TIATION2 :I* IS ONLY POSSIBLE :5 UNITS ( SOCIETY >E LEFT FREE TO ADAPT !MSELVES TO ! SLI<TE/ *ANGES1 UN=C$ BY ! OP9IONS ( O!R PEOPLE :O KN[ NO?+ ( ! MATT]S 9 QUE/ION1 BUT :O1 BE+ 9 ! MAJORITY 7= :]E IS IGNORANCE NOT 9 ! MAJORITY87 C\LD SUPPRESS ! FREE MOVEM5TS ( ! M9ORITY BY 5ACT+ !IR IGNORANCE 9TO LAWS4 

,?US IT WILL BE SE5 ?AT HE LOOK$ =W>D TO FREE ,SOCIALISM AS ! 9DU/RIAL IDEAL2 ! REQUIREM5TS ( ?AT IDEAL >E LAID D[N 9 HIS 0,ECONOMICS ( ,AN>*Y40 

,A FEW ( HIS CAU/IC S5T5CES MAY H]E BE QUOT$3 

0,! ,/ATI/ ASSUMES ?AT RI<TS 9CREASE 9 SOME METAPHYSICAL MANN]1 & BECOME 9C>NATE 9 HALF ! :OLE PLUS ONE40 

0,POLITICS DISCOV]S WISDOM BY TAK+ A G5]AL POLL ( IGNORANCE40 

0,EV]Y APPEAL TO LEGISLATION TO DO AU<T BUT UNDO IS AS FUTILE AS S5D+ A FLAG ( TRUCE TO ! 5EMY = MUNITIONS ( W>40 

0,:5 ,CES> CONQU]$ ,GREECE1 HE SUBJUGAT$ ,OLYMPUS1 & ! ,GODS N[ MEASURE TAPE BEH9D C\NT]S ) ,*RI/IAN DECORUM40 

,LUM HAD FAI? 9 HUMANK9D4 ,HE ALWAYS TRU/$ ! PEOPLE2 ! PEOPLE ?AT MALIGN$ HIM1 ! PEOPLE ?AT 9JUR$ HIM1 ! PEOPLE ?AT KILL$ HIM4 ,:5 ,I ASK$ HIM ONCE :Y HE DID NOT GET ANGRY AT AN 9DIVIDUAL :O 9DU/RI\SLY CIRCULAT$ LIES AB\T HIM1 HE ANSW]$ ) A TW9KL+ LAU<1 0,= ! SAME REASON ?AT ,I DON'T KICK ! H\SE-CAT40 ,& YET HE HAD AN ABID+ FAI? 9 ?AT MAN1 & O!R SIMIL> M51 TO WORK \T ! JUDGM5TS ( ! HUMAN RACE1 UNDI/URB$ BY ! FACT ?AT !Y LET !IR ONLY HONE/ LEAD]S DIE 9 G>RETS4 

,& UND]NEA? ! SPECULATIVE PHILOSOPH] :O CONFUS$ Y\ ) LONG WORDS2 UND]NEA? ! COLD LOGICIAN :O M]CILESSLY SC\T$ AT S5TIM5T2 UND]NEA? ! PESSIMI/IC POET ?AT S5T ! M\RNFUL CRY ( ! :IP-POOR-WILL E*O+ ?R\< ! WID[$ *AMB]S ( ! HE>T1 ?AT HUNG & SUNG OV] ! FE/IVAL WALLS ( ,LIFE ! WREA?S & DIRGES ( ,DEA?2 UND]NEA? ! GAY JOK] :O DELI<T$ TO PLAY TRICKS ON POLITICIANS1 POLICE & DETECTIVES2 WAS ! MAN :O TOOK ! *ILDR5 ON HIS KNEES & TOLD !M /ORIES :ILE ! NI<T WAS FALL+1 ! MAN :O GAVE UP A %>E ( HIS [N MEAG] MEALS TO SAVE FIVE BL9D KITT5S FROM DR[N+2 ! MAN :O L5T HIS >M TO A DRUNK5 WA%]WOMAN :OM HE DID NOT KN[1 & C>RI$ H] BASKET = H]1 ?AT %E MI<T NOT BE >RE/$ & LOCK$ UP2 ! MAN :O GA!R$ F\R-LEAF$ CLOV]S & S5T !M TO HIS FRI5DS1 WI%+ !M 0ALL ! LUCK :I* SUP]/ITION ATTA*$ TO !M02 ! MAN :OSE HE>T WAS BEAT+ ) ! GREAT COMMON HE>T1 :O WAS ONE ) ! SIMPLE/ & ! POORE/4 

,LUM HELD ?AT EVOLUTIONAL E?ICS1 OR ,AN>*I/ E?ICS1 9 FACT1 MU/ TAKE ACC\NT ( BO? ! ALTRUI/IC & EGOI/IC IMPULSES2 ?AT :ILE DET]M9+ CAUSES WILL EV] LIE 9 ! MY/]I\S REALM ( ! UNCONSCI\S LIFE1 CONSCI\SNESS MAY DISC]N ! TR5D ( DEVELOPM5T & ?R[ 9 ITS QUOTA ( 9FLU5CE = OR AGA9/4 ,?AT 9 ITS 5DEAVOR TO COMPREH5D ! TR5D ( DEVELOPM5T1 IT %\LD TAKE FAIR ACC\NT ( ANCI5T TRU?S1 H[EV] 5VELOP$ 9 SUP]/ITI\S HUSKS2 %\LD AIM TO EXTRACT ! VIRTUE EV5 9 ! MU* MI/AK5 ALTRUI/IC DOCTR9ES ( VIC>I\S ATONEM5T & P]SONAL ABASEM5T2 & :ILE EMPHASIZ+ ! NEGATION ( HUMAN RUL]%IP AS DE/RUCTIVE ( ! POSSIBILITIES ( TRUE GR[?1 AT ! SAME TIME TO ACKN[L$GE ! VA9 CONCEIT ( SELF AS ANY?+ MORE ?AN A TEMPOR>Y GR\P+ ( 9/9CT DEVELOP$ 9 BEA/1 9 PLANT1 9 MAN2 TO ACKN[L$GE ! 9DIVIDUAL CREATURE AS A SORT ( MIRROR$ REFLECTION ( ! COSMOS1 CON/ANTLY %IFT+1 N[ SC9TILLANT1 N[ VAGUE & EVANESC5T1 N[ GONE =EV] AS ,DEA? BREAKS ! MIRROR4 

,! NOTION ( IMMORTALITY :I* GR[S FROM SU* A CONCEPTION ( SELF IS PURG$ ( ! OLD VA9 CONCEIT4 ,IT HAS BE5 MO/ BEAUTIFULLY VOIC$ 9 ,GEORGE ,ELIOT'S 0,*OIR ,9VISIBLE10 ,MR4 ,LUM'S FAVORITE POEM2 & 9 ! L9ES IS EXPRESS$ ! LA/ GREAT LIMITLESS %AD[ :I* 5GULFS EV5 ?IS IMMORTALITY1 ! BL9D1 TREM5D\S D>KNESS :I* LIES AT ! 5D ( ALL1 ! S5SE ( ! 9V9CIBILITY ( :I* MU/ HAVE LA9 UPON \R TEA*]'S S\L :5 AFT] ! LA/ SE>*+1 9EXPLICABLE1 F>EWELL LOOK 9TO A FRI5D'S EYES HE W5T \T 9TO ! ,APRIL NI<T & TOOK HIS LA/ WALK 9 ! RO> ( ! GREAT CITY--HE :O %\LD SOON BE SO SIL5T6 

,MO/ ( HIS COMRADES W]E SURPRIS$4 ,!Y SAID3 0,I NEV] ?\<T ,DY] ,D4 ,LUM W\LD GO ALONE40 ,BUT ,I :O KN[ H[ (T5 & H[ WE>ILY HE SAID 0,:AT'S ! USE10 AM SURE ?AT ?AT MOCK+ QUE/ION LAY AT HIS HE>T1 & P>ALYZ$ ! WILL TO DO4 

,LIKE ,OLIVE ,S*RE9]'S />S 9 ! ,AFRICAN ,F>M1 ! S\L AB\T TO DEP>T SEES ! E>? SO COLDLY--ALL ! AGES >E AS ONE NI<T--& LIKE !M HE WAT*ES LITTLE HELPLESS CREATURES ( ! E>? COME \T & CRAWL A:ILE UPON ITS SK91 !N GO BACK B5EA? IT1 & IT DOES NOT MATT]--NO?+ MATT]S4 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,JANU>Y #d1 #bba 3 ,DY] ,D4 ,LUM -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #d1 #bbb 3 ,DY] ,D4 ,LUM -- ,UPDAT$4 

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