,ECO-,DEF5SE & ,REPRESSION 9 ,RUSSIA 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,CRIME?,9C4 

,TEXT 3 

,WE JU/ RECEIV$ ?IS 9SPIR+ & 9/RUCTIVE REPORT FROM ANONYM\S COMRADES 9 ,RUSSIA1 DESCRIB+ TWO YE>S ( /RUGGLE AGA9/ LOGG+ OP]ATIONS 9 ONE ( ! MAJOR =E/S NE> ,MOSC[4 ,! /RUGGLE CULM9AT$ ?IS SUMM] 9 ! 0,KHIMKI BATTLE10 9 :I* SEV]AL HUNDR$ >M$ ANTIFASCI/S & AN>*I/S ATTACK$ A GOV]NM5T BUILD+ 9 SUBURBAN ,MOSC[2 ! AU?ORITIES RESPOND$ 9 K9D1 & SUBSEQU5T SOLID>ITY EF=TS 9 ,BEL>US PROVOK$ FUR!R REPRESSION4 

,MO/ ( ! L9KS 9 ?IS TEXT LEAD TO ,RUSSIAN-LANGUAGE PAGES2 ?OSE TOO BUSY TO TEA* !MSELVES ,RUSSIAN CAN AT LEA/ PLUG ! WEBSITE ADDRESSES 9TO ,GOOGLE TRANSLATE & /RUGGLE ?R\< COMPUT]-G5]AT$ TRANSLATIONS4 

,PRELUDE3 ,A ,SPIK+ ,WE ,WILL ,GO 

,WE LE>N$ ( ,MOSC[ CITY AU?ORITIES' PLANS TO DE/ROY ! ,KHIMKI =E/ 9 SUMM] ( #b#h1 :5 LOCAL 5VIRONM5TALI/S />T$ AN \TREA* CAMPAIGN TO DRUM UP SUPPORT = !IR CAUSE4 ,EV5 !N IT WAS ALREADY LATE1 S9CE ! =E/--ONE ( ! ?REE MAJOR =E/S SURR\ND+ ,MOSC[--HAD ALREADY BE5 EXT5SIVELY LOGG$ & WAS POCKM>K$ ) TUMORS3 COTTAGES = ! N\VEAU-RI*E1 W>EH\SES1 P>K+ LOTS1 & MALLS4 

,SO )\T A M9UTE TO LOSE1 WE GRABB$ SOME SPIKES & RU%$ 94 ,! LOGG+ SITE WAS PATROLL$ BY GU>DS1 BUT !IR ATT5TION WAS DI/RACT$ BY ! (FICIAL 0ECO-CAMP0 9 FRONT ( !IR CAB9 SO IT WAS EASY TO SNEAK 9 & SPIKE EV]Y TREE WE C\LD GET \R NAILS 9TO4 ,?IS WAS \R FIR/ EXP]I5CE ( ECO-ACTION & IT WAS EXCIT+ & 9SPIR+3 WE DIDN'T GET CAU<T & WE ACCOMPLI%$ :AT WE HAD COME TO DO4 ,WE W]E SURE ?AT BETWE5 \R ACTION1 ! CON/ANT PRESSURE LIB]AL ECOLOGI/S W]E PUTT+ ON ! AU?ORITIES1 & ! POPUL> MOVEM5T GA9+ MOM5TUM 9 ! LOCAL SUBURBS1 ! TREE-KILL]S W\LD RETREAT & LEAVE ! =E/ = GOOD4 ,SOON WE LE>N$ BETT]4 

,! TREES W]E BE+ FELL$ TO PREP>E ! WAY = A MASSIVE NEW ROAD PLAN AU?ORIZ$ BY ! F$]AL GOV]NM5T4 ,HI<-RANK+ (FICIALS--AS HI<-RANK+ AS ,PUT9 HIMSELF1 WE LAT] LE>N$--HAD A /AKE 9 LOBBY+ = ! NEW TOLL HI<WAY TO BE BUILT RI<T ?R\< ! =E/4 ,! CON/RUCTION WAS F9ANC$ BY ! 9T]NATIONAL SYNDICATE ,V9CI1 HEADQU>T]$ 9 ,FRANCE1 & SEV]AL ,EUROPEAN BANKS WORK+ 9 P>TN]%IP ) ! ,RUSSIAN NATIONAL BANK1 ,SB]BANK4 ,) SU* P[]FUL 5EMIES >RAY$ AGA9/ ! =E/ & ITS DEF5D]S1 ! SITUATION TURN$ UGLY4 

,=EWORD3 ,! ,RUSSIAN ,CONTEXT 

0,?OSE NUMB]S >E MURD]$ ANTIFASCI/S ONLY4 ,WE DON'T KN[ EXACTLY H[ MANY IMMIGRANTS >E KILL$ BY ,NAZIS EV]Y YE>40 -,AN>*I/ SPOKESP]SON AT AN 9T]NATIONAL ,ANTIFA CONF]5CE 

,9 FALL #b#h1 ,KHIMKI J\RNALI/ ,MIKHAIL ,BEKETOV1 :O PLAY$ A MAJOR ROLE 9 NEWS COV]AGE ( ! CORRUPT ROAD PLANS ( LOCAL & GOV]NM5T (FICIALS1 WAS BRUTALLY ATTACK$ BY ?UGS4 ,! ATTACK LEFT HIM 9 A COMA & HE LAT] HAD TO HAVE HIS LEGS AMPUTAT$4 ,?AT SAME MON?1 ELSE:]E 9 ,MOSC[1 SEV]AL WELL-KN[N ACTIVI/S W]E ATTACK$ OR ?REAT5$ ) VIOL5CE4 ,?AT'S NOT TO SAY ?AT COPS HAV5'T BEAT5 ECOLOGI/S BE=E4 ,BUT IT WAS ! FIR/ TIME SU* BLATANT ATTEMPTS W]E MADE ON ! LIVES ( \R COMRADES4 

,WE W]E SUCK$ 9TO 0! WORMHOLE ( VIOL5CE0 9 ! DEAD ( W9T] #b#i1 :5 ,/ANISLAV ,M>KELOV1 :O PROVID$ LEGAL SUPPORT = ,BEKETOV1 & ,ANA/ASYA ,BABUROVA1 AN ECO-AN>*I/ & J\RNALI/1 W]E %OT DEAD 9 ! C5T] ( ,MOSC[4 ,BY ! TIME SOME ( US RETURN$ TO ! SURFACE--=TUNATELY1 ALMO/ UNSCA!D--! :OLE ACTIVI/ L&SCAPE HAD *ANG$4 

,S9CE W9T] #bi ! /REETS ( ,RUSSIAN CITIES HAVE BE5 RIFE ) ,NAZI_/,ANTIFA VIOL5CE1 AS ! CONFLICT HAS /EADILY %IFT$ FROM ! SOCIAL-POLITICAL CONTEXT T[>DS A SC5>IO ( GANG W>F>E4 ,?IS CONTEXT IS CRUCIAL = UND]/&+ H[ ! /RUGGLE = ,KHIMKI =E/ DEVELOP$4 

,= ALMO/ SIX YE>S N[1 ! ANTI-AU?ORIT>IAN MOVEM5T 9 ,RUSSIA HAS CONSI/$ PRIM>ILY ( TWO W+S1 ONE ECOLOGICAL & ! O!R ANTIFASCI/2 ! =M] IS PRIM>ILY AN>*I/1 BUT ! ANTIFASCI/ MOVEM5T ALSO 9CLUDES SIGNIFICANT P>TICIPATION FROM PATRIOTS & ,/AL9I/ P>TIES4 ,!SE GR\PS MEET 9FREQU5TLY AT CONV]G5CES1 ECO-CAMPS1 & O!R EV5TS SU* AS ! NUM]\S 9 MEMORIAM ACTIONS D$ICAT$ TO MURD]$ COMRADES4 ,BUT ) MA*ISMO 9CREAS+ 9 ! ANTIFASCI/ SC5E BECAUSE ( ! P]CEIV$ NECESSITY TO MAIM & KILL MORE ,NAZIS 9 RETALIATION = ,NAZI ATTACKS1 & P>ANOIA SPREAD+ 9 ! ECO-DEF5SE MOVEM5T BECAUSE ( ! NE$ TO CON/ANTLY ATTACK CON/RUCTION SITES & 5G9ES 9 ! ABS5CE ( POPUL> OPPOSITION TO DE=E/ATION1 ! RIFT WID5$4 ,BY ! TIME ( ! ,KHIMKI DEF5SE1 ! MOVEM5T WAS ALREADY /RA9+ TO MA9TA9 COH]5CE4 ,SOME PEOPLE SUSPECT ?AT IF IT W]5'T = ! SELECTIVE MURD]S ( ! FEW AN>*I/S & ANTIFASCI/S WISE & WIDELY RESPECT$ 5\< TO HOLD ! V>I\S S*ISMS 9 *ECK1 ! MOVEM5T W\LD HAVE BE5 MORE PREP>$ = ?IS CRISIS4 

,9T]LUDE3 ,WE ,DON'T ,NE$ ,NO ,WAT] 

,TWO YE>S AFT] \R FIR/ ADV5TURE1 WE EXP]I5C$ A T\*+ REUNION ) \R DE> =E/4 ,IT WAS ! FIR/ NI<T ( ! RESUM$ LOGG+ OP]ATION :5 WE DISEMB>K$ FROM \R SPECIAL ECO-DEF5SE VEHICLE & RAN = ! COV] ( ! NE>BY TREE L9E4 ,9 SEV]AL M9UTES WE *ANG$ CLO!S & D\BLE-*ECK$ \R COMMS1 CAM\FLAGE1 & ! PRES5TS WE HAD BR\<T ALONG = ! CON/RUCTION VEHICLES4 ,SOON SEV]AL %AD[S GLID$ SIL5TLY OV] ! NOCTURNAL PLA9 UND] ! PALE MOONLI<T T[>DS ! F>AWAY =E/1 :I* WAS /ILL ALIVE & =EBOD+4 

,:5 WE >RIV$ AT ! LOGG+ 5CAMPM5T1 WE SPLIT UP4 ,SOME ( US LAY 9 ! ROMANTIC COV] ( SOME BU%ES1 5JOY+ ! />S & ! S\ND ( EA* O!R'S BREA?2 \R FRI5DS :O W]E MORE EAG] TO DO RECONNAISSANCE B\ND$ (F T[>D ! BLACK %APES ( TRACTORS & EXCAVATORS4 ,!N ALL HELL BROKE LOOSE4 ,SUDD5LY WE C\LD HE> ! ALL-TOO-FAMILI> S\ND ( A VEHICLE GO+ UP 9 FLAMES1 :I* SOMETIMES REM9DS ONE ( A JET PLANE FLY+ OV]HEAD4 ,! 5TIRE =E/ WAS BA!D 9 DANC+ R$ & ORANGE LI<T1 & ! COMMS SC\TS W]E YELL+ 9 SURPRISE4 ,WE TRI$ TO FIGURE \T :AT HAD HAPP5$4 ,LUCKILY WE EVAD$ ! GU>DS' ATT5TION & MADE IT BACK TO \R TRANSPORT ON ! REMOTE & EMPTY ROAD4 ,R$ LI<TS1 COMM TALK--& WE W]E S\ND & SAFE1 SPIRIT$ AWAY TO ANO!R T[N4 

,AS IT TURN$ \T1 \RS WAS NOT ! ONLY GR\P SNEAK+ >\ND ! SITE ?AT BUSY NI<T4 ,NE$LESS TO SAY1 ! 9HABITANTS ( ! ECO-CAMP W]E BLAM$ = ! >SON4 ,9 FACT1 ! PRES5CE ( ! CAMP ACTUALLY PREV5T$ ECO-DEF5D]S FROM DAMAG+ EV]Y?+ !Y WANT$ TO--?AT IS :Y ONLY ONE VEHICLE WAS TOR*$ AT ! SITE4 ,BUT ?IS DIDN'T OCCUR TO ! LOGG+ MANAG]1 :O IMM$IATELY REQUE/$ A POLICE 9VE/IGATION ( ! >SON & ! ECOLOGI/S' SUSPECT$ P>T 9 IT2 SOON 5\<1 HE GOT HIS REV5GE ON !M 9 A P]V]SE BUT TYPICALLY ,RUSSIAN MANN]4 

,OV] ! FOLL[+ DAYS \R SC\TS REPORT$ 9CREAS$ GU>D & COP NI<TTIME ACTIVITY >\ND ! LOGG+ SITE1 9CLUD+ ROADBLOCKS & PATROLS 9 ! VIC9ITY1 SO ECO-DEF5D]S HAD TO CANCEL !IR 9ITIAL PLANS & %IFT FOCUS A BIT4 ,KHIMKI IS A BIG =E/1 & ! LOGG+ & DESPOIL+ ( WILDLIFE 9 ! NAME ( PR(IT TOOK PLACE ALMO/ EV]Y:]E4 ,! 9CID5T DID RAISE S]I\S QUE/IONS REG>D+ OV]ALL SECURITY ?\<3 BECAUSE ,E,L,F GR\PS DO NOT %>E !IR PLANS ) EA* O!R1 SU* ACCID5TAL 5C\NT]S >E B\ND TO HAPP5 AGA9 & AGA9 AS !SE ME?ODS >E PROPAGAT$4 

,5T] ! ,NAZIS 

,AS WE F\ND \T LAT]1 ONE E>LY MORN+ WE B>ELY MISS$ A MOB ( HIR$ ,NAZI ?UGS :O W]E M>*+ T[>DS ! ECO-CAMP AT AB\T ! SAME TIME WE W]E ESCAP+ YET AGA9 9TO ! MI/ AFT] ANO!R SC\T+ MISSION4 ,UPON >RIV+1 !Y />T$ V]BALLY & PHYSICALLY ABUS+ EV]Y ECO-PROTE/] PRES5T1 BUT SETTL$ = GU>D+ ! LOGG+ EQUIPM5T ONCE ! POLICE MADE !IR APPE>ANCE4 ,A TOP MANAG] ( ! LOGG+ COMPANY LAT] ADMITT$ ?AT HE HAD HIR$ ! ,NAZIS 0= SECURITY REASONS40 

,?IS EPISODE %[$ EV]Y D\BT+ CRITIC H[ EASILY CAPITALI/S FALL BACK UPON FASCI/ SUPPORT--A TRUISM NOT YET OBVI\S EV5 TO MO/ ACTIVI/S 9 ,RUSSIA--& SP>K$ A FIRE 9 ! HE>TS ( ! PREVI\SLY DORMANT ANTIFASCI/ W+ ( \R MOVEM5T4 ,! CONFRONTATION ?AT MORN+ DID MORE TO POPUL>IZE & ESCALATE ! CONFLICT ?AN ANY ECO-CAMP1 9T]NET ,P,R CAMPAIGN1 OR ECO-DEF5SE ACTION EV] C\LD HAVE4 ,SOME ( \R COMRADES REFLECT$ ?AT :AT WE HAD WITNESS$ WAS A F9E EXAMPLE ( H[ AN UN=ESE51 UNPLANN$1 *AOTIC EV5T--EV5 ONE DEEM$ NEGATIVE--CAN PU% ! MOVEM5T & ITS SUPPORT]S 9 ! RI<T DIRECTION4 

,?AT IS TO SAY1 9 A REVOLUTION>Y DIRECTION4 

,! ,KHIMKI ,BATTLE 

,! LOGG]S HAD MADE A MAJOR MI/AKE4 ,EMPLOY+ ,NAZIS 9 :AT WAS P]CEIV$ BY ALMO/ EV]Y CITIZ5 AS AN ANTI-HUMAN PROJECT BROKE ! RANKS ( ! EXTREME RI<T2 MO/ FASCI/ GR\PS TRI$ TO CAPITALIZE ON ! SITUATION BY POS+ AS OPPON5TS ( ! DE/RUCTION ( ! =E/4 ,MORE IMPORTANTLY1 N[ EV]Y ANTIFASCI/ 9 ! VIC9ITY HAD 5EMIES 9 SI<T & RU%$ TO ! BATTLE4 

,! NEXT DAY ! ANN\NCEM5T W5T \T ?AT A HUGE UNP]MITT$ %[ W\LD TAKE PLACE 9 ! C5T] ( ,MOSC[4 ,HUNDR$S ( ANTI-AU?ORIT>IAN ACTIVI/S1 ANTIFASCI/S1 & P>TY-GO]S GA!R$ 9 ANTICIPATION ( A /REET-P>TY ) A LONG-DISB&$ FAM\S ANTIFASCI/ B& AS ! HEADL9]4 ,9/EAD1 AS EV]YBODY >RIV$ AT ! MEET+ PLACE A GUY 9 SUNGLASSES ANN\NC$ ?AT !RE W\LD BE NO %[1 NO /REET-P>TY1 & ?AT ! PLAN ALL ALONG HAD BE5 TO GO TO ! SUBURBS & ATTACK ! LOGG+ CAMP & ! ,NAZIS GA!R$ !RE4 ,SOME PEOPLE LEFT1 BUT ! MAJORITY SET \T = ,KHIMKI4 

,:ILE MO/ ( PROTE/]S W]E TRAVEL+ VIA RAILWAY1 SC\TS REPORT$ MULTIPLE RIOT POLICE SQUADS AT ! LOGG+ SITE4 ,IT WAS !N DECID$ TO HEAD = ! ,KHIMKI MUNICIPAL BUILD+--,KHIMKI =MALLY BE+ A T[N 9 ITS [N RI<T--:I* WAS DEF5SELESS :ILE EV]Y AVAILABLE POLICE UNIT WAS ON GU>D 9 ! =E/4 ,DRESS$ = A P>TY1 PEOPLE GA!R$ 9 A BRI<T & COLORFUL BLOC AT ! RAILWAY /ATION & />T$ M>*+ T[>DS ! T>GET4 ,! BLOC WAS ACCOMPANI$ BY TWO SCOOT]S ?AT ACT$ AS LOOK\TS & RE> GU>D DUR+ ! ACTION4 ,AT FIR/ LOCAL RESID5TS REACT$ ) FE> OR SUSPICION1 BUT AFT] HE>+ ! SLOGANS & READ+ ! BANN] OR TALK+ TO PROTE/]S MANY EXPRESS$ APPROVAL & SUPPORT4 ,C>S CONT9U$ HONK+ ?R\<\T ! M>* & ASSAULT ON ! BUILD+4 

,SO IT CAME TO PASS ?AT ON ,JULY #bh 9 BROAD DAYLI<T1 ) ! APPROVAL ( HUNDR$S ( ONLOOK]S1 SEV]AL HUNDR$ AN>*I/S & ANTIFASCI/S GA!R$ 9 ! C5T] ( ,MOSC[1 TRAVEL$ TO ! RAILWAY /ATION1 HOPP$ ON ! TRA91 RODE TO ! SUBURBAN DI/RICT ,KHIMKI1 DISEMB>K$1 BLOCK$ UP1 & M>*$ UP TO ! MUNICIPAL (FICE *ANT+ & LI<T+ FL>ES4 ,P>TICIPANTS IMM$IATELY COMM5C$ BREAK+ W9D[S1 PA9T+ ANTI-LOGG+ & PRO-=E/ GRAFFITI1 OP5+ FIRE ON ! BUILD+ ) H&GUNS1 & EV5 *OPP+ ! FRONT DOOR ) AN AX4 ,?R\<\T ?IS ACTION NO POLICE (FIC] %[$ UP TO PROTECT /ATE PROP]TY4 

,SATISFI$ ) ! DAMAGE DONE & HAV+ RECEIV$ WORD FROM LOOK\TS ?AT RIOT POLICE W]E LOAD+ UP 9TO BUSSES AT ! LOGG+ CAMP1 AN>*I/S & ANTIFASCI/S />T$ BACK T[>DS ! RAILWAY /ATION4 ,AT ?IS MOM5T1 TWO 5C\NT]S ) POLICE TOOK PLACE4 ,! FIR/ TO FACE ! ANGRY MOB W]E SEV]AL COPS ON FOOT1 :O W]E /ROLL+ D[N ! /REET :5 IT SUDD5LY FLOOD$ ) AN>*I/S4 ,! COPS RETREAT$ TO ! S\ND ( BREAK+ BOTTLES & CRA%+ /ONES4 ,!N A POLICE PATROL MADE ! MI/AKE ( TRY+ TO 9T]V5E 9 ! PROTE/2 !Y QUICKLY REALIZ$ !IR MI/AKE & RETREAT$4 ,UN=TUNATELY1 ANTIFASCI/S ON FOOT C\LDN'T CAT* UP ) ! SWIFTLY RETREAT+ POLICE C>4 ,IT %\LD BE PO9T$ \T ?AT1 AL?\< ! LOCAL POPULACE SUPPORT$ ! ACTION V]BALLY & SYMBOLICALLY VIA HONK+ HORNS1 ! ACTION FAIL$ TO 5TICE ONLOOK]S 9TO ANY SORT ( P>TICIPATION4 

,NEV]!LESS1 PROTE/]S MANAG$ TO REA* ! RAILWAY /ATION & CR[D 9TO ! TRA91 :]E !Y WAIT$ PATI5TLY = ! DOORS TO CLOSE4 ,! DOORS1 H[EV]1 DID NOT CLOSE4 ,AS IT TURN$ \T1 ! LOCOMOTIVE DRIV] WAS AT ?AT MOM5T 9VOLV$ 9 A T5SE CONV]SATION ) ! POLICE COMM&]4 ,A GR\P ( ANTIFASCI/S ) H&GUNS WAS QUICKLY DISPAT*$ TO EXPLA9 TO HIM ! NEGATIVE CONSEQU5CES ( SID+ ) \R CLASS 5EMIES1 & F9ALLY ! 5G9E />T$ MOV+1 PULL+ ! TRA9 T[>DS ! SAFETY ( ! BIG CITY ) NO TREES4 

,CRITICISM HAS BE5 RAIS$ 9 ! AFT]MA? ( ?IS EV5T AB\T ! DI/RIBUTION ( 9=MATION1 ! LACK ( ADVANCE ORGANIZ+1 & ON-SITE VIDEO RECORD+4 ,MO/ ( ! PEOPLE :O TOOK P>T HAD 9ITIALLY EXPECT$ TO ATT5D A /REET P>TY & >RIV$ UNPREP>$ = DIRECT ACTION1 )\T MAT*+ CLO!S1 MASKS1 OR GLOVES & ) WORK+ CELL PHONES4 ,MANY Y\NG P>TICIPANTS US$ SOCIAL TRANSPORT C>DS ) ,I,D TAGS 9 !M TO GA9 5TRANCE TO SUBWAY4 ,! FEW ORGANIZ]S :O DID KN[ ! :OLE PLAN FROM ! BEG9N+ HADN'T PREP>$ ACCORD+LY & FAIL$ TO PROVIDE EV5 ! MO/ M9OR RIOT GE> SU* AS FACE MASKS4 ,?IS L$ TO A HUGE NUMB] ( PROTE/]S BE+ VIDEOTAP$ ) !IR FACIAL FEATURES CLE>LY DI/+UI%ABLE4 

,! ,RUSSIAN ANTI-AU?ORIT>IAN MOVEM5T HAS YET TO LE>N FROM ITS [N MI/AKES :5 IT COMES TO VIDEO RECORD+ DUR+ /REET PROTE/S4 ,PROTE/]S & 0M$IA-ACTIVI/S10 MO/ ( :OM TURN$ \T TO BE J\RNALI/S 9VIT$ FROM ! LIB]AL PRESS1 FAIL$ TO RECOGNIZE :AT A FATAL MI/AKE IT WAS TO VIDEOTAPE ! UNMASK$ FACES ( ACTIVI/S4 ,SOME ( !SE REPORT]S CONT9U$ %OOT+ EV5 AFT] PEOPLE HAD GOTT5 9TO ! TRA9 & />T$ PULL+ !IR MASKS (F1 SO EV5 P>TICIPANTS :O HAD PROVID$ = !IR [N SECURITY FAIL$ TO REMA9 ANONYM\S 9 ! 5D BECAUSE ( ?IS M$IA-ACTIVISM FETI%4 ,LAT]1 PEOPLE 9T]ROGAT$ BY ! POLICE REPORT$ ?AT !Y W]E PRES5T$ ) A FRAME-BY-FRAME BREAKD[N ( ! VIDEO ?AT CIRCULAT$ ON ! 9T]NET4 ,SOME COMRADES HAVE BE5 =C$ TO LEAVE ! C\NTRY BECAUSE ( ?IS EVID5CE4 

,MO/ IMPORTANTLY1 ALMO/ EV]YBODY HAS =GOTT5 AB\T ! ORIG9AL PROBLEM4 ,\R MOVEM5T HAS ?9N$ RES\RCES BY BETT+ EV]Y?+ ON AN ILL-CONCEIV$ RIOT1 & N[ ALL WE CAN DO IS TRY TO /EM ! RIS+ TIDE ( REPRESSION4 

,TWO ,COCKTAIL ,P>TIES 

,ON ,SEPTEMB] #b1 ! ,RUSSIAN EMBASSY 9 ,M9SK1 ! CAPITAL ( ,BEL>US1 WAS FIREBOMB$ BY AN>*I/S4 ,ONE ( ! ,MOLOTOV COCKTAILS HIT A C> P>K$ 9 ! Y>D4 ,! C> BURN$ UP4 ,EVID5TLY1 ?IS WAS ! ONLY DAMAGE 9FLICT$ BY ! ATTACK]S4 ,SOON A COMMUNIQUE WAS PUBLI%$ ON ,BEL>USIAN AN>*I/ WEBSITES1 /AT+ ?AT ! ATTACK HAD TAK5 PLACE 9 SOLID>ITY ) ! ,RUSSIAN AN>*I/S FI<T+ = ! ,KHIMKI =E/ & ?AT ,BEL>USIAN AN>*I/S HELD ! ,RUSSIAN GOV]NM5T RESPONSIBLE BO? = ! CONT9U+ DE=E/ATION & ! REPRESSION ( ! MOVEM5T4 

,! NEXT MORN+ REPRESSION HIT ! ,BEL>USIAN SC5E4 ,IT TOOK ! ,BEL>USIAN ,K,G,B SEV]AL DAYS TO R\ND UP & >RE/ ALMO/ EV]Y KN[N OR SUSPECT$ AN>*I/ 9 ,M9SK1 ,GOMEL1 ,SOLIGORSK1 & O!R ,BEL>USIAN CITIES4 ,\R COMRADES W]E PRESS$ = CONFESSIONS ( HAV+ COOP]AT$ ) ! ,RUSSIAN SECRET S]VICES 9 AN ATTEMPT TO DISCR$IT ! ,BEL>USIAN GOV]NM5T & BR+ D[N ,LUKA%5KO'S REGIME4 ,MO/ W]E =MALLY QUE/ION$1 !N LOCK$ AWAY & 0=GOTT50 9 CELLS = SEV]AL DAYS4 

,SOME ( \R FRI5DS W]E NOT SO LUCKY4 ,ONE GIRL WAS HOSPITALIZ$ AFT] %E CUT H] VE9S DUR+ 9T]ROGATION2 ANO!R P]SON1 ) PREVI\SLY EXI/+ S]I\S HEAL? ISSUES1 DEVELOP$ MAJOR HEAL? PROBLEMS AS A RESULT ( ! PRISON CONDITIONS & ! SEV]E BEAT+S HE RECEIV$4 ,SOME LUCKY FEW FL$ ! C\NTRY2 O!RS /AY$1 TAK+ IT UPON !MSELVES TO ORGANIZE PRISON] SUPPORT CAMPAIGNS4 ,AMONG ?OSE :O /AY$ W]E ! COMRADES BRAVE 5\< TO C>RY \T A FOLL[-UP ATTACK ON ! ,M9SK DET5TION C5T] ?REE DAYS AFT] ! ,K,G,B />T$ MASS->RE/+ AN>*I/S4 ,A GR\P CALL+ ITSELF 0,FRI5DS ( ,LIB]TY0 FIREBOMB$ A GU>D PO/ 9 ! DET5TION C5T] P]IMET] & CLAIM$ RESPONSIBILITY = BO? FIREBOMB+ ATTACKS--! ,RUSSIAN EMBASSY & ! POLICE GU>D PO/--ON ! 9T]NET4 ,9 !IR SECOND COMMUNIQUE1 0,FRI5DS ( ,LIB]TY0 /AT$ ?AT ! ,K,G,B REACT$ BY >RE/+ 9NOC5T PEOPLE SIMPLY BECAUSE ! LATT] HAD ALREADY BE5 ON ! ,K,G,B'S RAD>4 ,! AIM ( !IR SECOND ATTACK WAS EVID5TLY NOBLE & BRAVE3 TO DEMON/RATE ?AT ! ,K,G,B GOT ! WRONG SUSPECTS4 ,BUT ! ,K,G,B WAS ACT+ ON ,LUKA%5KO'S DIRECT ORD] TO 0PACIFY ! OPPOSITION10 A COMMON PRACTICE 9 BO? ,RUSSIA & ,BEL>US %ORTLY BE=E PRESID5TIAL ELECTIONS2 SO >RE/S1 DISAPPE>ANCES1 & TORTURES CONT9U$ UNABAT$4 

,! ,W+S ( A ,BUTT]FLY 

0,AN>*Y IS ALL AB\T ORD]1 NOT *AOS40 --POPUL> ,RUSSIAN AN>*I/ SAY+ 

,TWO NOTABLE EV5TS M>K$ ! FALL ( #b#a3 A DEEP5+ CRISIS 9 ,BEL>USIAN-,RUSSIAN RELATIONS1 & ! REMOVAL ( ,LUZHKOV FROM HIS POSITION AS ! MAYOR ( ,MOSC[4 ,AN>*I/S DID !IR BE/ TO BR+ AB\T BO? EV5TS4 

,LUZHKOV1 A PETTY ,MOSC[ TYRANT :O'D BE5 ABUS+ HIS POSITION AS MAYOR = MORE ?AN #a YE>S1 WAS RELIEV$ ( HIS DUTIES BY PRESID5TIAL DECREE 0= 9COMPET5CE & FAILURE TO /& UP TO EXPECTATIONS40 ,?IS OCCURR$ IMM$IATELY AFT] HE RETURN$ FROM VACATION1 A MON? AFT] ! ,KHIMKI RIOTS4 ,AMONG ! REASONS CIT$ BY EXP]TS & ANALY/S WAS ,LUZHKOV'S FAILURE TO COPE ) ! ,KHIMKI CRISIS1 AS WELL AS ! P>T HE PLAY$ 9 ! CORRUPT CITY DEVELOPM5T PROGRAM4 

,LUKA%5KO1 ! ,BEL>USIAN NATIONAL-SOCIALI/ DICTATOR1 GAVE 9 TO FITS ( RAGE & ANTI-,RUSSIAN RHETORIC AFT] ! AN>*I/ ATTACKS ON ! ,RUSSIAN EMBASSY & ! POLICE DET5TION C5T] :]E MO/ ( ! AN>*I/S >RE/$ 9 ,M9SK W]E BE+ HELD4 ,AN EX*ANGE ( NOTES AT ! HI<E/ LEVELS ( DIPLOMACY FAIL$ TO AV]T ! CRISIS1 :I* HAD ALREADY BE5 BREW+ BE=E ! ,MOLOTOVS HIT !IR T>GETS4 ,A S]IES ( BAD POLITICAL & ECONOMIC DECISIONS1 ! CONSPIRACY-!ORY WORLDVIEW EV]Y DICTATOR SEEMS 9CL9$ TO1 & A M9OR AN>*I/ ACTION L$ TO ! DEEPE/ POLITICAL CRISIS ,RUSSIA & ,BEL>US HAVE YET EXP]I5C$4 

,?IS IS NOT TO IMPLY ?AT ! DEP>TURE ( ! MAYOR ( ,MOSC[ & ! COLLAPSE ( RELATIONS ) ,LUKA%5KO HAPP5$ AS A RESULT ( AN AN>*I/ PLOT OR ANY?+ ELSE ALONG ?OSE L9ES4 ,BUT IT IS IMPORTANT NOT TO LOSE SI<T ( ! POLITICAL P]SPECTIVE4 ,WE %\LD CONSID] ! WAYS \R ACTIONS CAN SOMETIMES CONTRIBUTE TO SIGNIFICANT SOCIAL *ANGES & POLITICAL UPHEAVALS--OR AT LEA/ SC>E ! %IT \T ( RI* BA/>DS6--H[EV] M9OR 7LIKE ! ,M9SK FIREBOMB+7 OR MAJOR 7LIKE ! ,KHIMKI BATTLE7 !SE ACTIONS MAY SEEM TO P>TICIPANTS & EXP]TS4 ,IT MAY BE IMPOSSIBLE TO PLAN SU* ?+S AHEAD ( TIME1 BUT WE--BOI/]\S *AOS-LOV+ AN>*I/S--%\LD TAKE HE>T FROM !SE DEVELOPM5TS NEV]!LESS4 ,HOPE = *ANGE & BE ! *ANGE4 

7,S\RCE3 ,RETRIEV$ ON #i? ,NOVEMB] #bb FROM CRIME?9C4COM47 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,JANU>Y #a#c1 #bbb 3 ,ECO-,DEF5SE & ,REPRESSION 9 ,RUSSIA -- ,ADD$4 

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