,TRANSLATOR'S ,PREFACE 

#aibdaibd 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,PET] ,KROPOTK9 

,TEXT 3 

  

,PHOTO BY ,RIC>DO ,GU]R]O1,C,C ,B,Y-,N,C-,N,D ,LIC5SE ,T,R,A,N,S,L,A,T,O,R,S' ,P,R,E,F,A,C,E 

,KROPOTK9'S 0,E?ICS3 ,ORIG9 & ,DEVELOPM5T10 IS1 9 A S5SE1 A  
CONT9UATION ( HIS WELL-KN[N WORK1 0,MUTUAL ,AID AS A ,FACTOR (  
,EVOLUTION40 ,! BASIC IDEAS ( ! TWO BOOKS >E CLOSELY CONNECT$1  
ALMO/ 9SEP>ABLE1 9 FACT3 -- ! ORIG9 & PROGRESS ( HUMAN  
RELATIONS 9 SOCIETY4 ,ONLY1 9 ! 0,E?ICS0 ,KROPOTK9 APPROA*ES HIS  
!ME ?R\< A /UDY ( ! IDEOLOGY ( !SE RELATIONS4 

,! ,RUSSIAN WRIT] REMOVES E?ICS FROM ! SPH]E ( ! SPECULATIVE  
& METAPHYSICAL1 & BR+S HUMAN CONDUCT & E?ICAL TEA*+ BACK TO  
ITS NATURAL 5VIRONM5T3 ! E?ICAL PRACTICES ( M5 9 !IR EV]YDAY  
CONC]NS -- FROM ! TIME ( PRIMITIVE SOCIETIES TO \R MOD]N HI<LY  
ORGANIZ$ ,/ATES4 ,?US CONCEIV$1 E?ICS BECOMES A SUBJECT ( UNIV]SAL  
9T]E/2 UND] ! K9DLY EYES & ABLE P5 ( ! GREAT ,RUSSIAN  
S*OL>1 A SUBJECT ( SPECIAL & ACADEMIC /UDY BECOMES CLOSELY L9K$  
TO :ATEV] IS SIGNIFICANT 9 ! LIFE & ?\<T ( ALL M54 

,! CIRCUM/ANCES LEAD+ TO ! CONCEPTION & WRIT+ ( ?IS BOOK  
>E DISCUSS$ BY ! ,RUSSIAN $ITOR1 ,N4 ,LEB$EV1 :OSE ,9TRODUCTION IS  
9CLUD$ 9 ?IS VOLUME4 ,! PRES5T TRANSLATORS HAVE AVAIL$  
!MSELVES ( ,KROPOTK9'S TWO >TICLES ON ,E?ICS CONTRIBUT$ TO !  
,N9ETE5? ,C5TURY1 #a#i#e-#f4 ,!Y F\ND1 H[EV]1 ?AT !  
AU?OR HAD MADE V]Y MANY *ANGES 9 ! FIR/ ?REE *APT]S ( HIS  
BOOK -- 9 SUB/ANCE1 A REPRODUCTION ( ! MAGAZ9E >TICLES- & !Y  
?\<T IT BE/ TO MAKE ! NECESS>Y ALT]ATIONS & ADDITIONS CALL$  
= BY ! ,RUSSIAN TEXT4 ,!SE ?REE *APT]S PRES]VE ! ,5GLI% &  
! TURNS ( PHRASE ( ! MAGAZ9E >TICLES4 

,9 PREP>+ ?IS $ITION ! TRANSLATORS CONSULT$ ALL ( ! BOOKS  
M5TION$ BY ,KROPOTK92 !Y V]IFI$ ALL HIS CITATIONS1 & CORRECT$  
A NUMB] ( ]RORS ?AT CREPT 9TO ! ,RUSSIAN ORIG9AL [+ TO !  
ABS5CE ( ! AU?OR'S SUP]VIS+ C>E4 ,AS IS G5]ALLY KN[N1 !  
BOOK APPE>$ AFT] ,KROPOTK9'S DEA?4 ,! TRANSLATORS HAVE ADD$ SU*  
ADDITIONAL FOOTNOTES AS !Y ?\<T W\LD PROVE ( VALUE & 9T]E/  
TO ! ,5GLI% READ]4 ,!Y HAVE MADE EV]Y ATTEMPT TO DISCOV] &  
CITE ! BE/1 MO/ READILY AVAILABLE ,5GLI% V]SIONS ( ! BOOKS  
REF]R$ TO BY ! AU?OR4 ,!SE ADD$ NOTES & COMM5TS >E 5CLOS$  
9 BRACKETS1 & >E USUALLY M>K$1 -- ,TRANS4 ,NOTE4 ,9  
ADDITION1 ! ,9DEX HAS BE5 C>EFULLY REVIS$ & AUGM5T$4 

,A MULTITUDE ( BOOKS HAD TO BE CONSULT$ 9 ! FAI?FUL DIS*>GE  
( ! TRANSLATORS' DUTIES4 ,& = !SE1 MANY LIBR>IANS -- ?OSE  
MO/ OBLIG+ & PATI5T ( MORTALS-W]E PE/]$4 ,! TRANSLATORS  
WI% TO RECORD !IR ?ANKS TO ,MR4 ,H[SON1 ,MR4 ,FR$]IC ,W4 ,]B1 ,MISS  
,]B1 & ,MR4 ,*>LES ,F4 ,CLA> -- ALL ( ,COLUMBIA ,UNIV]SITY ,LIBR>Y1  
& TO ,MR ,ABRAHAM ,MILL ( ! ,SLAVONIC DIVISION ( ! ,NEW ,YORK ,PUBLIC  
,LIBR>Y4 ,!Y & !IR ASSI/ANTS HAVE BE5 V]Y HELPFUL & K9D4 ,9  
! PREP>ATION ( ! MANUSCRIPT ! TRANSLATORS W]E =TUNATE TO  
HAVE ! COMPET5T ASSI/ANCE ( ,MISS ,ANN ,BOGEL & ,MISS ,EVELYN  
,FRI$L& --ALWAYS VIGILANT 9 ! DISCOV]Y & ]ADICATION ( ]RORS4 

,MADAM ,SOPHIE ,G4 ,KROPOTK9 & ,MADAM ,SA%A ,KROPOTK9 -- WIFE &  
DAU<T] ( ,PET] ,KROPOTK9 -- FOLL[$ ! PROGRESS ( ?IS $ITION2  
!Y HAVE BE5 EV] GRACI\S & HELPFUL4 ,IT IS !IR HOPE ?AT1 AT  
SOME TIME 9 ! NE> FUTURE1 ,KROPOTK9'S LA/ ESSAYS ON ,E?ICS WILL BE  
ISSU$ 9 ,5GLI% TRANSLATION4 ,& 9DE$1 \R LIT]ATURE & ?\<T  
WILL BE RI*] = ! POSSESSION ( ALL ( ,KROPOTK9'S WRIT+S4 ,HIS  
WORK -- F9E & ?OR\< & S*OL>LY AS IT IS -- IS ONLY LESS  
9SPIR+ ?AN ! 5NOBL+ MEMORY ( HIS LIFE & *>ACT]4 

,L\IS ,S4 ,FRI$L&  

,JOSEPH ,R4 ,PIRO%NIK(F 

,NEW ,YORK  

,MAY #aibd 

,FROM 3 ,AN>*Y ,>*IVES4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
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