,EX*ANGE ,BETWE5 ,MALATE/A & ,MAKHNO ON ! ,PLAT=M 

#aibi 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,]RICO ,MALATE/A 

,AU?OR 3 ,NE/OR ,MAKHNO 

,TAGS 3 GR\P ( RUSSIAN AN>*I/S1 !ORETICAL & PRACTICAL PROGRAM1 REVOLUTION>Y & POLITICAL ACTIVITY1 =CES ( ! /ATE1 !ORETICAL & PRACTICAL1 COLLECTIVE RESPONSIBILITY1 G5]AL UNION1 RUSSIAN AN>*I/S1 AN>*I/S ABROAD1 AN>*I/ =CES4 

,TEXT 3 

  

,PHOTO BY ,WILL ,LEE1,C,C ,B,Y-,N,C-,S,A ,LIC5SE ,9 REPLY TO 0,A PROJECT ( AN>*I/ ORGANIZATION0 

,DE> ,COMRADE ,MALATE/A1 

,I HAVE READ Y\R RESPONSE TO ! PROJECT = AN ',ORGANIZATIONAL ,PLAT=M ( A ,G5]AL ,UNION ( ,AN>*I/S'1 A PROJECT PUBLI%$ BY ! GR\P ( ,RUSSIAN AN>*I/S ABROAD4 

,MY IMPRESSION IS ?AT EI!R Y\ HAVE MISUND]/OOD ! PROJECT = ! ',PLAT=M' OR Y\R REFUSAL TO RECOGNIZE COLLECTIVE RESPONSIBILITY 9 REVOLUTION>Y ACTION & ! DIRECTIONAL FUNCTION ?AT ! AN>*I/ =CES MU/ TAKE UP1 /EMS FROM A DEEP CONVICTION AB\T AN>*ISM ?AT LEADS Y\ TO DISREG>D ?AT PR9CIPLE ( RESPONSIBILITY4 

,YET1 IT IS A FUNDAM5TAL PR9CIPLE1 :I* GUIDES EA* ONE ( US 9 \R WAY ( UND]/&+ ! AN>*I/ IDEA1 9 \R DET]M9ATION ?AT IT %\LD P5ETRATE TO ! MASSES1 9 ITS SPIRIT ( SACRIFICE4 ,IT IS ?ANKS TO ?IS ?AT A MAN CAN *OOSE ! REVOLUTION>Y WAY & IGNORE O!RS4 ,)\T IT NO REVOLUTION>Y C\LD HAVE ! NECESS>Y /R5G? OR WILL OR 9TELLIG5CE TO BE> ! SPECTACLE ( SOCIAL MIS]Y1 & EV5 LESS FI<T AGA9/ IT4 ,IT IS ?R\< ! 9SPIRATION ( COLLECTIVE RESPONSIBILITY ?AT ! REVOLUTION>IES ( ALL EPO*S & ALL S*OOLS HAVE UNIT$ !IR =CES2 IT IS UPON ?IS ?AT !Y BAS$ !IR HOPE ?AT !IR P>TIAL REVOLTS - REVOLTS :I* OP5$ ! PA? = ! OPPRESS$ - W]E NOT 9 VA91 ?AT ! EXPLOIT$ W\LD UND]/& !IR ASPIRATIONS1 W\LD EXTRACT FROM !M ! APPLICATIONS SUITABLE = ! TIME & W\LD USE !M TO F9D NEW PA?S T[>D !IR EMANCIPATION4 

,Y\ Y\RSELF1 DE> ,MALATE/A1 RECOGNIZE ! 9DIVIDUAL RESPONSIBILITY ( ! AN>*I/ REVOLUTION>Y4 ,& :AT IS MORE1 Y\ HAVE L5T Y\R SUPPORT TO IT ?R\<\T Y\R LIFE AS A MILITANT4 ,AT LEA/ ?AT IS H[ ,I HAVE UND]/OOD Y\R WRIT+S ON AN>*ISM4 ,BUT Y\ D5Y ! NECESSITY & USEFULNESS ( COLLECTIVE RESPONSIBILITY AS REG>DS ! T5D5CIES & ACTIONS ( ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T AS A :OLE4 ,COLLECTIVE RESPONSIBILITY AL>MS Y\2 SO Y\ REJECT IT4 

,= MYSELF1 :O HAS ACQUIR$ ! HABIT ( FULLY FAC+ UP TO ! REALITIES ( \R MOVEM5T1 Y\R D5IAL ( COLLECTIVE RESPONSIBILITY /RIKES ME NOT ONLY AS )\T BASIS BUT DANG]\S = ! SOCIAL REVOLUTION1 9 :I* Y\ W\LD DO WELL TO TAKE ACC\NT ( EXP]I5CE :5 IT COMES TO FI<T+ A DECISIVE BATTLE AGA9/ ALL \R 5EMIES AT ONCE4 ,N[ MY EXP]I5CE ( ! REVOLUTION>Y BATTLES ( ! PA/ LEADS ME TO BELIEVE ?AT NO MATT] :AT ! ORD] ( REVOLUTION>Y EV5TS MAY BE1 ONE NE$S TO GIVE \T S]I\S DIRECTIVES1 BO? IDEOLOGICAL & TACTICAL4 ,?IS MEANS ?AT ONLY A COLLECTIVE SPIRIT1 S\ND & DEVOT$ TO AN>*ISM1 C\LD EXPRESS ! REQUIREM5TS ( ! MOM5T1 ?R\< A COLLECTIVELY RESPONSIBLE WILL4 ,NONE ( US HAS ! RI<T TO DODGE ?AT ELEM5T ( RESPONSIBILITY4 ,ON ! CONTR>Y1 IF IT HAS BE5 UNTIL N[ OV]LOOK$ AMONG ! RANKS ( ! AN>*I/S1 IT NE$S N[ TO BECOME1 = US1 COMMUNI/ AN>*I/S1 AN >TICLE ( \R !ORETICAL & PRACTICAL PROGRAM4 

,ONLY ! COLLECTIVE SPIRIT ( ITS MILITANTS & !IR COLLECTIVE RESPONSIBILITY WILL ALL[ MOD]N AN>*ISM TO ELIM9ATE FROM ITS CIRCLES ! IDEA1 HI/ORICALLY FALSE1 ?AT AN>*ISM CANNOT BE A GUIDE - EI!R IDEOLOGICALLY OR 9 PRACTICE - = ! MASS ( WORK]S 9 A REVOLUTION>Y P]IOD & !RE=E C\LD NOT HAVE OV]ALL RESPONSIBILITY4 

,I WILL NOT1 9 ?IS LETT]1 DWELL ON ! O!R P>TS ( Y\R >TICLE AGA9/ ! ',PLAT=M' PROJECT1 SU* AS ! P>T :]E Y\ SEE 'A *UR* & AN AU?ORITY )\T POLICE'4 ,I WILL EXPRESS ONLY MY SURPRISE TO SEE Y\ USE SU* AN >GUM5T 9 ! C\RSE ( Y\R CRITICISM4 ,I HAVE GIV5 MU* ?\<T TO IT & CANNOT ACCEPT Y\R OP9ION4 

,NO1 Y\ >E NOT RI<T4 ,& BECAUSE ,I AM NOT 9 AGREEM5T ) Y\R CONFUTATION1 US+ >GUM5TS ?AT >E TOO FACILE1 ,I BELIEVE ,I AM 5TITL$ TO ASK Y\3 

#a4 ,%\LD AN>*ISM TAKE SOME RESPONSIBILITY 9 ! /RUGGLE ( ! WORK]S AGA9/ !IR OPPRESSORS1 CAPITALISM1 & ITS S]VANT ! ,/ATE8 ,IF NOT1 CAN Y\ SAY :Y8 ,IF YES1 MU/ ! AN>*I/S WORK T[>DS ALL[+ !IR MOVEM5T TO EX]T 9FLU5CE ON ! SAME BASIS AS ! EXI/+ SOCIAL ORD]8 

#b4 ,CAN AN>*ISM1 9 ! /ATE ( DISORGANIZATION 9 :I* IT F9DS ITSELF AT ! MOM5T1 EX]T ANY 9FLU5CE1 IDEOLOGICAL & PRACTICAL1 ON SOCIAL AFFAIRS & ! /RUGGLE ( ! WORK+ CLASS8 

#c4 ,:AT >E ! MEANS ?AT AN>*ISM %\LD ADOPT \TSIDE ! REVOLUTION & :AT >E ! MEANS ( :I* IT CAN DISPOSE TO PROVE & AFFIRM ITS CON/RUCTIVE CONCEPTS8 

#d4 ,DOES AN>*ISM NE$ ITS [N P]MAN5T ORGANIZATIONS1 CLOSELY TI$ AMONG !MSELVES BY UNITY ( GOAL & ACTION TO ATTA9 ITS 5DS8 

#e4 ,:AT DO ! AN>*I/S MEAN BY "99/ITUTIONS TO BE E/ABLI%$"9 ) A VIEW TO GU>ANTEE+ ! FREE DEVELOPM5T ( SOCIETY8 

#f4 ,CAN AN>*ISM1 9 ! COMMUNI/ SOCIETY IT CONCEIVES1 DO )\T SOCIAL 9/ITUTIONS8 ,IF YES1 BY :AT MEANS8 ,IF NO1 :I* %\LD IT RECOGNIZE & USE & ) :AT NAMES BR+ !M 9TO BE+8 ,%\LD ! AN>*I/S TAKE ON A LEAD+ FUNCTION1 !RE=E ONE ( RESPONSIBILITY1 OR %\LD !Y LIMIT !MSELVES TO BE+ IRRESPONSIBLE AUXILI>IES8 

,Y\R REPLY1 DE> ,MALATE/A1 W\LD BE ( GREAT IMPORTANCE TO ME = TWO REASONS4 ,IT W\LD ALL[ ME BETT] TO UND]/& Y\R WAY ( SEE+ ?+S AS REG>DS ! QUE/IONS ( ORGANIZ+ ! AN>*I/ =CES & ! MOVEM5T 9 G5]AL4 ,& - LET US BE FRANK - Y\R OP9ION IS IMM$IATELY ACCEPT$ BY MO/ AN>*I/S & SYMPA?IZ]S )\T ANY DISCUSSION1 AS ?AT ( AN EXP]I5C$ MILITANT :O HAS REMA9$ ALL HIS LIFE FIRMLY FAI?FUL TO HIS LIB]T>IAN IDEAL4 ,IT !RE=E DEP5DS TO A C]TA9 EXT5T ON Y\R ATTITUDE :E!R A FULL /UDY ( ! URG5T QUE/IONS :I* ?IS EPO* POSES TO \R MOVEM5T WILL BE UND]TAK51 & !RE=E :E!R ITS DEVELOPM5T WILL BE SL[$ D[N OR TAKE A NEW LEAP =W>D4 ,BY REMA9+ 9 ! /AGNATION ( ! PA/ & PRES5T \R MOVEM5T WILL GA9 NO?+4 ,ON ! CONTR>Y1 IT IS VITAL ?AT 9 VIEW ( ! EV5TS ?AT LOOM BE=E US IT %\LD HAVE EV]Y *ANCE TO C>RY \T ITS FUNCTIONS4 

,I SET GREAT /ORE BY Y\R REPLY4 

#aibh 

) REVOLUTION>Y GREET+S 

,NE/OR ,MAKHNO 

,LE ,LIB]TAIRE1 #i ,AUGU/ #aic 

,TRANSLAT$ FROM ! ,FR5* BY ,NE/OR ,MC,NAB4 

,DE> ,COMRADE 

,I HAVE F9ALLY SE5 ! LETT] Y\ S5T ME MORE ?AN A YE> AGO1 AB\T MY CRITICISM ( ! ,PROJECT = ORGANIZ+ A ,G5]AL ,UNION ( AN>*I/S1 PUBLI%$ BY A GR\P ( ,RUSSIAN AN>*I/S ABROAD & KN[N 9 \R MOVEM5T BY ! NAME ( ,PLAT=M'4 

,KN[+ MY SITUATION AS Y\ DO1 Y\ WILL C]TA9LY HAVE UND]/OOD :Y ,I DID NOT REPLY4 

,I CANNOT TAKE P>T AS ,I W\LD LIKE 9 DISCUSSION ( ! QUE/IONS :I* 9T]E/ US MO/1 BECAUSE C5SOR%IP PREV5TS ME FROM RECEIV+ EI!R ! PUBLICATIONS ?AT >E CONSID]$ SUBV]SIVE OR ! LETT]S :I* DEAL ) POLITICAL & SOCIAL TOPICS1 & ONLY AFT] LONG 9T]VALS & BY =TUNATE *ANCE DO ,I HE> ! DY+ E*O ( :AT ! COMRADES SAY & DO4 ,?US1 ,I KNEW ?AT ! ',PLAT=M' & MY CRITICISM ( IT HAD BE5 WIDELY DISCUSS$1 BUT ,I KNEW LITTLE OR NO?+ AB\T :AT HAD BE5 SAID2 & Y\R LETT] IS ! FIR/ WRITT5 DOCUM5T ON ! SUBJECT ?AT ,I HAVE MANAG$ TO SEE4 

,IF WE C\LD CORRESPOND FREELY1 ,I W\LD ASK Y\1 BE=E 5T]+ 9TO ! DISCUSSION1 TO CL>IFY Y\R VIEWS :I*1 P]HAPS [+ TO AN IMP]FECT TRANSLATION ( ! ,RUSSIAN 9TO ,FR5*1 SEEM TO ME TO BE 9 P>T SOME:AT OBSCURE4 ,BUT ?+S BE+ AS !Y >E1 ,I WILL REPLY TO :AT ,I HAVE UND]/OOD1 & HOPE ?AT ,I %ALL !N BE ABLE TO SEE Y\R RESPONSE4 

,Y\ >E SURPRIS$ ?AT ,I DO NOT ACCEPT ! PR9CIPLE ( COLLECTIVE RESPONSIBILITY1 :I* Y\ BELIEVE TO BE A FUNDAM5TAL PR9CIPLE ?AT GUIDES1 & MU/ GUIDE ! REVOLUTION>IES ( ! PA/1 PRES5T & FUTURE4 

,= MY P>T1 ,I WOND] :AT ?AT NOTION ( COLLECTIVE RESPONSIBILITY CAN EV] MEAN FROM ! LIPS ( AN AN>*I/4 

,I KN[ ?AT ! MILIT>Y >E 9 ! HABIT ( DECIMAT+ CORPS ( REBELLI\S SOLDI]S OR SOLDI]S :O HAVE BEHAV$ BADLY 9 ! FACE ( ! 5EMY BY %OOT+ AT !M 9DISCRIM9ATELY4 ,I KN[ ?AT ! >MY *IEFS HAVE NO SCRUPLES AB\T DE/ROY+ VILLAGES OR CITIES & MASSACR+ AN 5TIRE POPULATION1 9CLUD+ *ILDR51 BECAUSE SOMEONE ATTEMPT$ TO PUT UP A RESI/ANCE TO 9VASION4 ,I KN[ ?AT ?R\<\T ! AGES GOV]NM5TS HAVE 9 V>I\S WAYS ?REAT5$ ) & APPLI$ ! SY/EM ( COLLECTIVE RESPONSIBILITY TO PUT A BRAKE ON ! REBELS1 DEM& TAXES1 ETC4 ,& ,I UND]/& ?AT ?IS C\LD BE AN EFFECTIVE MEANS ( 9TIMIDATION & OPPRESSION4 

,BUT H[ CAN PEOPLE :O FI<T = LIB]TY & JU/ICE TALK ( COLLECTIVE RESPONSIBILITY :5 !Y CAN ONLY BE CONC]N$ ) MORAL RESPONSIBILITY1 :E!R OR NOT MAT]IAL SANCTIONS FOLL[8666 

,IF1 = EXAMPLE1 9 A CONFLICT ) AN >M$ 5EMY =CE ! MAN BESIDE ME ACTS AS A C[>D1 HE MAY DO H>M TO ME & TO EV]YONE1 BUT ! %AME CAN ONLY BE HIS = LACK+ ! C\RAGE TO SU/A9 ! ROLE HE TOOK UPON HIMSELF4 ,IF 9 A CONSPIRACY A COCONSPIRATOR BETRAYS & S5DS HIS COMPANIONS TO PRISON1 >E ! BETRAY$ ! ONES RESPONSIBLE = ! BETRAYAL8 

,! ',PLAT=M' SAID3 ',! :OLE ,UNION IS RESPONSIBLE = ! REVOLUTION>Y & POLITICAL ACTIVITY ( EV]Y MEMB] & EA* MEMB] WILL BE RESPONSIBLE = ! REVOLUTION>Y & POLITICAL ACTIVITY ( ! ,UNION4' 

,CAN ?IS BE RECONCIL$ ) ! PR9CIPLES ( AUTONOMY & FREE 9ITIATIVE :I* ! AN>*I/S PR(ESS8 ,I ANSW]$ !N3 ',IF ! ,UNION IS RESPONSIBLE = :AT EA* MEMB] DOES1 H[ CAN IT LEAVE TO ITS 9DIVIDUAL MEMB]S & TO ! V>I\S GR\PS ! FRE$OM TO APPLY ! COMMON PROGRAM 9 ! WAY !Y SEE FIT8 ,H[ CAN IT BE RESPONSIBLE = AN ACTION IF IT DOES NOT HAVE ! MEANS TO PREV5T IT8 ,?US1 ! ,UNION & ?R\< IT ! ,EXECUTIVE ,COMMITTEE1 W\LD NE$ TO MONITOR ! ACTION ( ! 9DIVIDUAL MEMB]S & ORD] !M :AT TO DO & :AT NOT TO DO2 & S9CE DISAPPROVAL AFT] ! EV5T CANNOT PUT RI<T A PREVI\SLY ACCEPT$ RESPONSIBILITY1 NO-ONE W\LD BE ABLE TO DO ANY?+ BE=E HAV+ OBTA9$ ! GO-AHEAD1 P]MISSION FROM ! COMMITTEE4 ,& !N1 CAN AN 9DIVIDUAL ACCEPT RESPONSIBILITY = ! ACTION ( A COLLECTIVITY BE=E KN[+ :AT ! LATT] WILL DO & IF HE CANNOT PREV5T IT DO+ :AT HE DISAPPROVES8' 

,C]TA9LY ,I ACCEPT & SUPPORT ! VIEW ?AT ANYONE :O ASSOCIATES & COOP]ATES ) O!RS = A COMMON PURPOSE MU/ FEEL ! NE$ TO COORD9ATE HIS ACTIONS ) ?OSE ( HIS FELL[ MEMB]S & DO NO?+ ?AT H>MS ! WORK ( O!RS &1 ?US1 ! COMMON CAUSE2 & RESPECT ! AGREEM5TS ?AT HAVE BE5 MADE - EXCEPT :5 WI%+ S9C]ELY TO LEAVE ! ASSOCIATION :5 EM]G+ DIFF]5CES ( OP9ION OR *ANG$ CIRCUM/ANCES OR CONFLICT OV] PREF]R$ ME?ODS MAKE COOP]ATION IMPOSSIBLE OR 9APPROPRIATE4 ,JU/ AS ,I MA9TA9 ?AT ?OSE :O DO NOT FEEL & DO NOT PRACTICE ?AT DUTY %\LD BE ?R[N \T ( ! ASSOCIATION4 

,P]HAPS1 SPEAK+ ( COLLECTIVE RESPONSIBILITY1 Y\ MEAN PRECISELY ?AT ACCORD & SOLID>ITY ?AT MU/ EXI/ AMONG ! MEMB]S ( AN ASSOCIATION4 ,& IF ?AT IS SO1 Y\R EXPRESSION AM\NTS1 9 MY VIEW1 TO AN 9CORRECT USE ( LANGUAGE1 BUT BASICALLY IT W\LD ONLY BE AN UNIMPORTANT QUE/ION ( WORD+ & AGREEM5T W\LD SOON BE REA*$4  

,! REALLY IMPORTANT QUE/ION ?AT Y\ RAISE 9 Y\R LETT] CONC]NS ! FUNCTION 7"9LE ROLE"97 ( ! AN>*I/S 9 ! SOCIAL MOVEM5T & ! WAY !Y MEAN TO C>RY IT \T4 ,?IS IS A MATT] ( BASICS1 ( ! RAISON D'ETRE ( AN>*ISM & ONE NE$S TO BE QUITE CLE> AS TO :AT ONE MEANS4 

,Y\ ASK IF ! AN>*I/S %\LD 79 ! REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5T & COMMUNI/IC ORGANIZATION ( SOCIETY7 ASSUME A DIRECTIONAL & !RE=E RESPONSIBLE ROLE1 OR LIMIT !MSELVES TO BE+ IRRESPONSIBLE AUXILI>IES4 

,Y\R QUE/ION LEAVES ME P]PLEX$1 BECAUSE IT LACKS PRECISION4 ,IT IS POSSIBLE TO DIRECT ?R\< ADVICE & EXAMPLE1 LEAV+ ! PEOPLE - PROVID$ ) ! OPPORTUNITIES & MEANS ( SUPPLY+ !IR [N NE$S !MSELVES - TO ADOPT \R ME?ODS & SOLUTIONS IF !SE >E1 OR SEEM TO BE1 BETT] ?AN ?OSE SUGGE/$ & C>RI$ \T BY O!RS4 ,BUT IT IS ALSO POSSIBLE TO DIRECT BY TAK+ OV] COMM&1 ?AT IS BY BECOM+ A GOV]NM5T & IMPOS+ ONE'S [N IDEAS & 9T]E/S ?R\< POLICE ME?ODS4 

,9 :I* WAY W\LD Y\ WANT TO DIRECT8 

,WE >E AN>*I/S BECAUSE WE BELIEVE ?AT GOV]NM5T 7ANY GOV]NM5T7 IS AN EVIL1 & ?AT IT IS NOT POSSIBLE TO GA9 LIB]TY1 SOLID>ITY & JU/ICE )\T LIB]TY4 ,WE CANNOT !RE=E ASPIRE TO GOV]NM5T & WE MU/ DO EV]Y?+ POSSIBLE TO PREV5T O!RS - CLASSES1 P>TIES OR 9DIVIDUALS - FROM TAK+ P[] & BECOM+ GOV]NM5TS4 

,! RESPONSIBILITY ( ! LEAD]S1 A NOTION BY :I* IT SEEMS TO ME ?AT Y\ WANT TO GU>ANTEE ?AT ! PUBLIC >E PROTECT$ FROM !IR ABUSES & ]RORS1 MEANS NO?+ TO ME4 ,?OSE 9 P[] >E NOT TRULY RESPONSIBLE EXCEPT :5 FAC$ ) A REVOLUTION1 & WE CANNOT MAKE ! REVOLUTION EV]Y DAY1 & G5]ALLY IT IS ONLY MADE AFT] ! GOV]NM5T HAS ALREADY DONE ALL ! EVIL IT CAN4 

,Y\ WILL UND]/& ?AT ,I AM F> FROM ?9K+ ?AT ! AN>*I/S %\LD BE SATISFI$ ) BE+ ! SIMPLE AUXILI>IES ( O!R REVOLUTION>IES :O1 NOT BE+ AN>*I/S1 NATURALLY ASPIRE TO BECOME ! GOV]NM5T4 

,ON ! CONTR>Y1 ,I BELIEVE ?AT WE1 AN>*I/S1 CONV9C$ ( ! VALIDITY ( \R PROGRAM1 MU/ /RIVE TO ACQUIRE OV]:ELM+ 9FLU5CE 9 ORD] TO DRAW ! MOVEM5T T[>DS ! REALIZATION ( \R IDEALS4 ,BUT SU* 9FLU5CE MU/ BE WON BY DO+ MORE & BETT] ?AN O!RS1 & WILL ONLY BE USEFUL IF WON 9 ?AT WAY4 

,TODAY WE MU/ DEEP51 DEVELOP & PROPAGATE \R IDEAS & COORD9ATE \R =CES 9 A COMMON ACTION4 ,WE MU/ ACT )9 ! LABOR MOVEM5T TO PREV5T IT BE+ LIMIT$ TO & CORRUPT$ BY ! EXCLUSIVE PURSUIT ( SMALL IMPROVEM5TS COMPATIBLE ) ! CAPITALI/ SY/EM2 & WE MU/ ACT 9 SU* A WAY ?AT IT CONTRIBUTES TO PREP>+ = A COMPLETE SOCIAL TRANS=MATION4 ,WE MU/ WORK ) ! UNORGANIZ$1 & P]HAPS UNORGANIZABLE1 MASSES TO AWAK5 ! SPIRIT ( REVOLT & ! DESIRE & HOPE = A FREE & HAPPY LIFE4 ,WE MU/ 9ITIATE & SUPPORT ALL MOVEM5TS ?AT T5D TO WEAK5 ! =CES ( ! ,/ATE & ( CAPITALISM & TO RAISE ! M5TAL LEVEL & MAT]IAL CONDITIONS ( ! WORK]S4 ,WE MU/1 9 %ORT1 PREP>E1 & PREP>E \RSELVES1 MORALLY & MAT]IALLY1 = ! REVOLUTION>Y ACT :I* WILL OP5 ! WAY TO ! FUTURE4 

,& !N1 9 ! REVOLUTION1 WE MU/ TAKE AN 5]GETIC P>T 7IF POSSIBLE BE=E & MORE EFFECTIVELY ?AN ! O!RS7 9 ! ESS5TIAL MAT]IAL /RUGGLE & DRIVE IT TO ! UTMO/ LIMIT 9 DE/ROY+ ALL ! REPRESSIVE =CES ( ! ,/ATE4 ,WE MU/ 5C\RAGE ! WORK]S TO TAKE POSSESSION ( ! MEANS ( PRODUCTION 7L&1 M9ES1 FACTORIES & WORK%OPS1 MEANS ( TRANSPORT1 ETC47 & ( /OCKS ( MANUFACTUR$ GOODS2 TO ORGANIZE IMM$IATELY1 ON !IR [N1 AN EQUITABLE DI/RIBUTION ( CONSUM] GOODS1 & AT ! SAME TIME SUPPLY PRODUCTS = TRADE BETWE5 COMMUNES & REGIONS & = ! CONT9UATION & 9T5SIFICATION ( PRODUCTION & ALL S]VICES USEFUL TO ! PUBLIC4 ,WE MU/1 9 ALL WAYS POSSIBLE & ACCORD+ TO LOCAL CIRCUM/ANCES & OPPORTUNITIES1 PROMOTE ACTION BY ! WORK]S' ASSOCIATIONS1 ! COOP]ATIVES1 ! VOLUNT>Y GR\PS - TO PREV5T ! EM]G5CE ( NEW AU?ORIT>IAN P[]S1 NEW GOV]NM5TS1 OPPOS+ !M ) VIOL5CE IF NECESS>Y1 BUT ABOVE ALL R5D]+ !M USELESS4 ,& :]E WE DO NOT F9D SUFFICI5T CONS5SUS AMONG ! PEOPLE & CANNOT PREV5T ! REE/ABLI%M5T ( ! ,/ATE ) ITS AU?ORIT>IAN 9/ITUTIONS & ITS CO]CIVE BODIES1 WE MU/ REFUSE TO TAKE P>T OR TO RECOGNIZE IT1 REBELL+ AGA9/ ITS IMPOSITIONS & DEM&+ FULL AUTONOMY = \RSELVES & = ALL ! DISSID5T M9ORITIES4 ,9 O!R WORDS1 WE MU/ REMA9 9 AN ACTUAL OR POT5TIAL /ATE ( REBELLION &1 UNABLE TO W9 9 ! PRES5T1 MU/ AT LEA/ PREP>E = ! FUTURE4 

,IS ?IS :AT Y\ TOO MEAN BY ! P>T ! AN>*I/S %\LD TAKE 9 ! PREP>ATION & C>RY+ \T ( ! REVOLUTION8 

,FROM :AT ,I KN[ ( Y\ & Y\R WORK ,I AM 9CL9$ TO BELIEVE ?AT Y\ DO4 

,BUT1 :5 ,I SEE ?AT 9 ! ,UNION ?AT Y\ SUPPORT !RE IS AN ,EXECUTIVE ,COMMITTEE TO GIVE IDEOLOGICAL & ORGANIZATIONAL DIRECTION TO ! ASSOCIATION ,I AM ASSAIL$ BY ! D\BT ?AT Y\ W\LD ALSO LIKE TO SEE1 )9 ! G5]AL MOVEM5T1 A C5TRAL BODY ?AT W\LD1 9 AN AU?ORIT>IAN MANN]1 DICTATE ! !ORETICAL & PRACTICAL PROGRAM ( ! REVOLUTION4 

,IF ?IS IS SO WE >E POLES AP>T4 

,Y\R ORGANIZATION1 OR Y\R MANAG]IAL ORGANS1 MAY BE COMPOS$ ( AN>*I/S BUT !Y W\LD ONLY BECOME NO?+ O!R ?AN A GOV]NM5T4 ,BELIEV+1 9 COMPLETELY GOOD FAI?1 ?AT !Y >E NECESS>Y TO ! TRIUMPH ( ! REVOLUTION1 !Y W\LD1 AS A PRIORITY1 MAKE SURE ?AT !Y W]E WELL PLAC$ 5\< & /RONG 5\< TO IMPOSE !IR WILL4 ,!Y W\LD !RE=E CREATE >M$ CORPS = MAT]IAL DEF5SE & A BUREAUCRACY = C>RY+ \T !IR COMM&S & 9 ! PROCESS !Y W\LD P>ALYZE ! POPUL> MOVEM5T & KILL ! REVOLUTION4 

,?AT IS :AT1 ,I BELIEVE1 HAS HAPP5$ TO ! ,BOL%EVIKS4 

,!RE IT IS4 ,I BELIEVE ?AT ! IMPORTANT ?+ IS NOT ! VICTORY ( \R PLANS1 \R PROJECTS1 \R UTOPIAS1 :I* 9 ANY CASE NE$ ! CONFIRMATION ( EXP]I5CE & CAN BE MODIFI$ BY EXP]I5CE1 DEVELOP$ & ADAPT$ TO ! REAL MORAL & MAT]IAL CONDITIONS ( ! AGE & PLACE4 ,:AT MATT]S MO/ IS ?AT ! PEOPLE4 M5 & WOM5 LOSE ! %EEPLIKE 9/9CTS & HABITS :I* ?\S&S ( YE>S ( SLAV]Y HAVE 9/ILL$ 9 !M1 & LE>N TO ?9K & ACT FREELY4 ,& IT IS TO ?IS GREAT WORK ( MORAL LIB]ATION ?AT ! AN>*I/S MU/ SPECIALLY D$ICATE !MSELVES4 

,I ?ANK Y\ = ! ATT5TION Y\ HAVE GIV5 TO MY LETT] &1 9 ! HOPE ( HE>+ FROM Y\ FUR!R1 S5D Y\ MY CORDIAL GREET+S4 

,RISVEGLIO 7,G5EVA71 ,DECEMB] #aibi 

,NOTE #a 

- ,NE/OR ,MAKHNO 7#a#h#h#i-#a#i#c#d71 ,RUSSIAN REVOLUTION>Y ORGANIZ] ( ! GU]RILLA >MY 9 ! ,UKRA9E 7#a#i#a#h-#a#i#b#a7 :I* DEFEAT$ ! ,:ITE ,>MY BUT LO/ TO ,TROTSKY'S ,R$ ,>MY4 ,HE MANAG$ TO ESCAPE & SP5T ! RE/ ( HIS LIFE 9 ,P>IS4 ,HE WAS ONE ( ! AU?ORS ( ! ',PLAT=M'4 ,FRE$OM ,PRESS >E ! PUBLI%]S ( ,P4 ,>%9OV'S HI/ORY ( ! ,MAKHNOVI/ ,MOVEM5T 7#a#i#a#h-#a#i#b#a71 #bhd PAGES1 _?#e4 7PO/ FREE 9L&7 - ,$ITOR4 

,NOTE #b 

,APP]ANTLY ,MAKHNO WROTE A REPLY TO ?IS LETT]4  ,N,H ( ! ,BRITI% ,A,F 7,A,C,F7 HAS TRANSLAT$ IT 9TO ,5GLI% BUT AS F> AS ,I'M AW>E IT HAS NOT BE5 PUBLI%$ ANY:]E4 

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,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #aibi 3 ,EX*ANGE ,BETWE5 ,MALATE/A & ,MAKHNO ON ! ,PLAT=M -- ,PUBLICATION4 
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