,NOTES ,PEOPLE 3 ,AU?OR 3 ,MURRAY ,BOOK*9 ,TEXT 3 .<#a.> ,! MO/ COMPREH5SIVE & ACCESSIBLE OV]VIEW ( !SE IDEAS IS ,JANET ,BIEHL'S BOOK ,! ,POLITICS ( ,SOCIAL ,ECOLOGY3 ,LIB]T>IAN ,MUNICIPALISM 7,MONTREAL3 ,BLACK ,ROSE ,BOOKS1 #a#i#i#h71 A WORK ?AT ,BOOK*9 HIMSELF (T5 RECOMM5D$ AS ! BE/ 9TRODUCTION TO HIS POLITICAL IDEAS4 .<#b.> ,! BOOK WAS ORIG9ALLY PUBLI%$ BY ,SI]RA ,CLUB ,BOOKS 7,SAN ,FRANCISCO7 AS ,! ,RISE ( ,URBANIZATION & ! ,DECL9E ( ,CITIZ5%IP 9 #a#i#h#g2 REPUBLI%$ BY ,BLACK ,ROSE ,BOOKS 7,MONTREAL7 9 #aiib AS ,URBANIZATION ,)\T ,CITIES3 ,! ,RISE & ,DECL9E ( ,CITIZ5%IP2 & F9ALLY REPUBLI%$ 9 A REVIS$ V]SION AS ,FROM ,URBANIZATION TO ,CITIES3 ,T[>D A ,POLITICS ( ,CITIZ5%IP1 BY ,CASSELL 7,LONDON7 9 #a#i#i#e4 ,DESPITE ! FAIRLY DRY TITLES1 ! BOOK GIVES A VIVID ACC\NT ( ! EM]G5CE & MEAN+ ( POLITICS1 CITIZ5%IP1 & CIVIC DEVELOPM5T4 .<#c.> ,?IS SMALL BOOK WAS PUBLI%$ BY ,A,K ,PRESS 9 #b#g4 .<#d.> ,WE ALSO DISCUSS$ HIS MANUSCRIPT ON PHILOSOPHY1 ,! ,POLITICS ( ,COSMOLOGY1 :I* HE WANT$ ME TO WORK ON2 HE GAVE ME A COPY ) 9/RUCTIONS ON H[ TO $IT IT1 & ,I GAVE HIM MY PROMISE ?AT ,I W\LD SEE TO ITS PUBLICATION4 .<#e.> ,COMMUNALISM WAS FIR/ LAUN*$ 9 ,OCTOB] #bb ON ! ,9T]NET4 ,AP>T FROM ,MURRAY ,BOOK*9 & MYSELF1 ! O!R MEMB]S ( ! $ITORIAL BO>D W]E ,JANET ,BIEHL1 ,PET] ,ZEG]S1 ,G>Y ,SISCO1 & ,SVE9UNG ,LEG>D4 7,AT \R FIR/ MEET+1 9 ,AUGU/ #a#i#i#i1 ,I WAS ELECT$ G5]AL $ITOR47 ,BOOK*9 SUGGE/$ ! SUBTITLE ON ITS MAS!AD - ,9T]NATIONAL ,J\RNAL = A ,RATIONAL ,SOCIETY - & TOOK A GREAT 9T]E/ 9 ! WORK+S ( ! J\RNAL1 AL?\< HIS DECL9+ HEAL? IMP$$ HIM FROM PLAY+ A MORE ACTIVE ROLE4 7,! J\RNAL CONT9UES TO APPE>1 AT WWW4COMMUNALISM4NET2 N[ AVAILABLE 9 PR9T47 .<#f.> ,= ,JANET ,BIEHL'S ACC\NT ( ?IS IDEOLOGICAL BREAK1 SEE 0,BOOK*9 ,BREAKS ) ,AN>*ISM10 9 ,L4 ,GAMBONE & ,P4 ,MURTA<1 $S41 ,AN>*ISM = ! #b#a/ ,C5TURY 7,$9BUR< & ,OAKL&3 ,A,K ,PRESS1 =?COM+74 ,?IS ESSAY WAS ALSO PUBLI%$ 9 ,COMMUNALISM1 NO4 #ab 7,OCTOB] #b#g74 .<#g.> ,?IS 9TRODUCTION WAS WRITT5 ON ,DECEMB] #a#d1 #b#b1 & HAS BE5 KN[N ONLY TO ,SC&9AVIAN AUDI5CES4 ,SEE ,MURRAY ,BOOK*91 ,P]SPEKTIV = 5 NY VAN/]3 ,ESSA] OM DIRECT DEMOKRATI1 MORALISK EKONOMI1 SOCIALEKOLOGI O* KOMMUNALISM1 TRANSLAT$ BY ,JONA?AN ,KORS> & ,MATS ,RUNVALL 7,MALMO3 ,FRIHETLIG ,PRESS1 #b#c74 .<#h.> ,9 FACT1 ! ORIG9AL ESSAY %\LD BE READ TOGE!R ) ,BOOK*9'S 0,! ,ROLE ( ,SOCIAL ,ECOLOGY 9 A ,P]IOD ( ,REACTION10 9 ,SOCIAL ,ECOLOGY & ,COMMUNALISM 7,$9BUR< & ,OAKL&3 ,A,K ,PRESS1 #b#g71 PP4 #f#h-#g#f2 0,:I!R ,AN>*ISM8 ,A ,REPLY TO ,REC5T ,AN>*I/ ,CRITICS10 9 ,AN>*ISM1 ,M>XISM1 & ! ,FUTURE ( ! ,LEFT3 ,9T]VIEWS & ,ESSAYS #a#i#i#c-#a#i#i#h 7,$9BUR< & ,OAKL&3 ,A,K ,PRESS1 #a#i#i#h71 P>TICUL>LY PP4 #b#a#f-#d#f2 & 0,TURN+ ,UP ! ,/ONES3 ,A ,REPLY TO ,JOHN ,CL>K'S ,OCTOB] #ac ,MESSAGE10 S5T TO ! ,R,A-LI/ & AVAILABLE ONL9E AT DW>DMAC4PITZ]4$U_/,AN>*I/.- ,>*IVES_/BOOK*9_/TURN+4HTML4 .<#i.> ,MURRAY ,BOOK*91 ,SOCIAL ,AN>*ISM OR ,LIFE/YLE ,AN>*ISM3 ,AN ,UNBRIDGEABLE ,*ASM8 7,OAKL& & ,$9BUR<3 ,A,K ,PRESS1 #a#i#i#d74 .<#a.> ,?IS ESSAY WAS ORIG9ALLY PUBLI%$ 9 ,COMMUNALISM1 NO4 #b 7,NOVEMB] #b#b71 & LAT] 9CLUD$ 9 ,SOCIAL ,ECOLOGY & ,COMMUNALISM4 .<#a#a.> ,GOE! QUOT$ 9 ,B]TRAM ,D4 ,WOLFE1 ,?REE ,:O ,MADE A ,REVOLUTION3 ,A ,BIOGRAPHICAL ,HI/ORY1 #cRD $N4 7,NEW ,YORK3 ,! ,DIAL ,PRESS1 #a#i#f#a71 P4 #e#g#h4 .<#a#b.> ,?UCYDIDES1 ,! ,PELOPONNESIAN ,W>1 ,BOOK #b1 ,*APT] #d 7,NEW ,YORK3 ,MOD]N ,LIBR>Y1 #a#i#d#d71 PP4 #a#b#a-#b4 .<#a#c.> ,PI]RE-,JOSEPH ,PR\DHON1 LETT] TO ,DULIEU1 ,DECEMB] #c1 #a#h#f1 9 ,SELECT$ ,WRIT+S ( ,PI]RE-,JOSEPH ,PR\DHON1 $4 ,/EW>T ,$W>DS1 TRANS4 ,ELIZABE? ,FRAZ] 7,G>D5 ,CITY1 ,N,Y3 ,AN*OR ,BOOKS1 #a#i#f#i71 P4 #a#h#d4 .<#a#d.> ,PI]RE-,JOSEPH ,PR\DHON1 ,LA ,F$]ATION ET L'UNITE 5 ,ITALIE 7#a#h#f#b71 9 ,SELECT$ ,WRIT+S1 PP4 #a#h#h-#i4 .<#a#e.> ,PR\DHON1 LETT] TO ,DULIEU1 ,DECEMB] #c1 #a#h#f1 9 ,SELECT$ ,WRIT+S1 P4 #a#h#e4 .<#a#f.> ,PR\DHON1 LETT] TO ,ALEX&] ,H]Z51 ,APRIL #b#a1 #a#h#f#a1 9 ,SELECT$ ,WRIT+S1 P4 #a#i#a4 .<#a#g.> ,ALL ,BAKUN9 QUOTATIONS >E FROM ,P4 ,MAXIM(F1 $41 ,! ,POLITICAL ,PHILOSOPHY ( ,BAKUN93 ,SCI5TIFIC ,AN>*ISM 7,NEW ,YORK3 ,FREE ,PRESS ( ,GL5COE2 ,LONDON3 ,COLLI]-,MACMILLAN ,LTD41 #a#i#e#c71 PP4 #c#b#d-#c#e2 EMPHASIS ADD$4 .<#a#h.> ,K>L ,M>X & ,FRI$RI* ,5GELS1 0,MANIFE/O ( ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY10 ,SELECT$ ,WORKS1 VOL4 #a 7,MOSC[3 ,PROGRESS ,PUBLI%]S1 #a#i#f#i71 P4 #a#b4 .<#a#i.> ,M>X & ,5GELS1 0,MANIFE/O10 P4 #a#b#d4 .<#b.> ,DESPITE ! G5D]$NESS ( !SE WORDS - A PRODUCT ( ! ]A 9 :I* ,BAKUN9 LIV$ - !Y OBVI\SLY MAY BE 9T]PRET$ AS SIGNIFY+ HUMANITY G5]ALLY4 .<#b#a.> ,ELITES :O /UDI$ ! ,TAO ,TE ,*+1 = !IR P>T1 C\LD EASILY F9D IT A USEFUL H&BOOK = RUL+ & MANIPULAT+ A S]VILE PEASANTRY4 ,DEP5D+ UPON :I* TRANSLATION ! ,5GLI% READ] USES1 SEV]AL 9T]PRETATIONS >E VALID1 BUT :AT IS CLE> TO EV]YONE BUT ! BL9D IS ?AT QUIETISM UND]LIES ! 5TIRE WORK4 .<#b#b.> ,CORNELIUS ,CA/ORIADIS1 ,PHILOSOPHY1 ,POLITICS1 ,AUTONOMY3 ,ESSAYS 9 ,POLITICAL ,PHILOSOPHY 7,NEW ,YORK3 ,OX=D ,UNIV]SITY ,PRESS1 #a#i#i#a71 P4 #f#c4 .<#b#c.> ,JOHN ,CL>K1 0,NOT ,DEEP ,AP>T10 ,! ,TRUMPETE]1 VOL4 #a#b1 NO4 #b 7,SPR+ #a#i#i#e71 P4 #a#d4 .<#b#d.> ,A /RIK+ EXAMPLE IS F\ND 9 ,VICTOR ,S]GE'S QU>REL ) HIS ,FR5* 0PURE0 AN>*I/ COMPATRIOTS OV] ! HI/ORICAL IMPORTANCE ( ! \TBREAK ( REVOLUTION 9 ,RUSSIA4 ,9 RESPONSE TO ,S]GE'S EXCITEM5T1 !SE CAFE AN>*I/S OR 0,9DIVIDUALI/S10 AS HE *OOSES TO CALL !M1 0MOCK$ .<,S]GE.> ) !IR /ORE ( CYNICAL /OCK PHRASES3 ',REVOLUTIONS >E USELESS4 ,!Y WILL NOT *ANGE HUMAN NATURE4 ,AFT]W>DS REACTION SETS 9 & EV]Y?+ />TS ALL OV] AGA94 ,I'VE ONLY GOT MY [N SK92 ,I'M NOT M>*+ = W>S OR REVOLUTIONS1 ?ANK Y\4'0 ,VICTOR ,S]GE1 ,MEMOIRS ( A ,REVOLUTION>Y1 TRANSLAT$ & ABRIDG$ BY ,PET] ,S$GEWICK 7,CAMBRIDGE3 ,CAMBRIDGE ,UNIV]SITY ,PRESS1 #a#i#f#c71 P4 #e#c4 .<#b#e.> ,PET] ,KROPOTK91 0,! ,COMMUNE10 9 ,WORDS ( A ,REBEL 7,MONTREAL3 ,BLACK ,ROSE ,BOOKS1 #a#i#i#b71 P4 #h#a2 EMPHASIS ADD$4 .<#b#f.> ,SEE ,PET] ,KROPOTK91 0,AN>*I/ ,COMMUNISM3 ,ITS ,BASIS & ,PR9CIPLES10 9 ,R4 ,BALDW91 $41 ,KROPOTK9'S ,REVOLUTION>Y ,PAMPHLETS 7,NEW ,YORK3 ,DOV] ,PRESS1 #a#i#g71 PP4 #e#a-#b4 .<#b#g.> ,PET] ,KROPOTK91 0,AN>*I/ ,COMMUNISM10 P4 #f#c2 ALSO ,CONQUE/ ( ,BREAD1 $4 ,P4 ,AVRI* 7,NEW ,YORK3 ,NEW ,YORK ,UNIV]SITY ,PRESS1 #a#i#g#b71 PP4 #f#f-#g4 .<#b#h.> ,M>T9 ,A4 ,MILL]1 0,9TRODUCTION0 TO ,PET] ,KROPOTK9'S ,SELECT$ ,WRIT+S ON ,AN>*ISM & ,REVOLUTION1 $4 ,M4,A4 ,MILL] 7,CAMBRIDGE1 ,M,A3 ,M,I,T ,PRESS1 #a#i#g71 P4 #c#a4 .<#b#i.> ,!SE BASIC ASSUMPTIONS CAN ALSO GO A LONG WAY 9 EXPLA9+ :Y AN>*ISM HAS BE5 SO FASC9AT$ BY MY/IFICATIONS ( ! PEASANTRY1 BIOREGIONALISM1 NOT TO SPEAK ( DEEP ECOLOGY1 ,BUDDHISM1 ,TOL/OYISM1 ,G&HI-ISM1 & ! LIKE4 .<#c.> ,IT %\LD BE M5TION$1 ?\<1 ?AT DESPITE !IR BASIC DIFF]5CES1 SYNDICALISM HAS ALSO BE5 BURD5$ BY ITS EXPRESSLY ANTI-9TELLECTUAL /ANCE1 & IT %>ES ) AU!NTIC AN>*ISM A DISDA9 = RATIONALISM & !ORY4 ,DESPITE ITS COMMITM5T TO MASS ORGANIZATION & SOCIAL TRANS=MATION1 SYNDICALISM HAS NO /RATEGY = FUNDAM5TAL *ANGE BEYOND ! G5]AL /RIKE4 ,9VALUABLE AS G5]AL /RIKES MAY BE 9 REVOLUTION>Y SITUATIONS1 !Y DO NOT HAVE ! ESS5TIALLY MY/ICAL CAPACITY ?AT SYNDICALI/S ASSIGN$ TO !M1 AS ! VA/ G5]AL /RIKE 9ITIAT$ 9 ,G]MANY 9 #aiba DUR+ ! ,KAPP ,PUTS* DEMON/RAT$4 ,SU* FAILURES >E1 9 FACT1 EVID5CE ?AT MILITANT DIRECT ACTIONS 9 !MSELVES >E NOT EQUATABLE ) REVOLUTIONS NOR EV5 ) PR(\ND SOCIAL *ANGES4 ,= A CRITIQUE ( SYNDICALISM1 SEE MY 0,! ,*O- ,SYNDICALISM10 9 ,AN>*I/ ,/UDIES1 VOL4 #a1 NO4 #a 7,SPR+ #a#i#i#c74 .<#c#a.> ,AS ,RONALD ,FRAS] OBS]VES 9 ,BLOOD ( ,SPA9 79 MY VIEW ! BE/ BOOK TO DATE ON ! ,SPANI% ,REVOLUTION73 0,! TWO DIFF]5TIAT$ BUT L9K$ CONCEPTS :I* COMPRIS$ AN>*O-SYNDICALISM1 AS ITS HYPH5AT$ NAME SUGGE/$1 C\LD BY ! #a#i#cS BE S*EMATICALLY /AT$ 9 A S]IES ( POL>ITIES3 RURAL_/URBAN1 LOCAL_/ NATIONAL1 >TISANAL_/9DU/RIAL1 SPONTANE\S_/ORGANIZ$1 AUT>KIC_/ 9T]DEP5D5T1 ANTI-9TELLECTUAL_/9TELLECTUAL40 ,RONALD ,FRAS]1 ,BLOOD ( ,SPA93 ,AN ,ORAL ,HI/ORY ( ! ,SPANI% ,CIVIL ,W> 7,NEW ,YORK3 ,PAN!ON ,BOOKS2 #a#i#g#b71 P4 #e#d#b4 ,!SE POL>ITIES W]E NEV] RECONCIL$2 9DE$1 ! CIVIL W> ( #a#i#c#f-#c#i EXAC]BAT$ !M TO A NE> BREAK+ PO9T4 .<#c#b.> ,!SE REVOLUTION>Y SYNDICALI/S CONCEIV$ ! MEANS BY :I* !Y HAD C>RI$ \T ?IS TRANS=MATION AS A =M ( DIRECT ACTION4 ,!Y MEANT BY ?AT T]M WELL-ORGANIZ$ & CON/RUCTIVE ACTIVITIES DIRECTLY 9VOLV$ 9 MANAG+ PUBLIC AFFAIRS4 ,DIRECT ACTION1 9 !IR VIEW1 MEANT ! CREATION ( A POLITY1 ! =MATION ( POPUL> 9/ITUTIONS1 & ! =MULATION & 5ACTM5T ( LAWS1 REGULATIONS1 & ! LIKE - :I* AU!NTIC AN>*I/S REG>D$ AS AN ABRIDGM5T ( 9DIVIDUAL WILL OR AUTONOMY4 .<#c#c.> ,! ,SPANI% SOCIALI/S ( ! ,U,G,T1 :O RIVAL$ ! ,C,N,T AMONG ! WORK]S1 ALSO CREAT$ AN APPRECIABLE NUMB] ( !SE COMMITTEES OR P>TICIPAT$ 9 !M1 BUT ! COMMITTEE /RUCTURE WAS PRIM>ILY - & 9 ,CATALONIA1 5TIRELY - 9 ! H&S ( ,C,N,T WORK]S4 .<#c#d.> ,QUOT$ 9 ,PI]RE ,BR\E & ,EMILE ,TEM9E1 ,! ,REVOLUTION & ! ,CIVIL ,W> 9 ,SPA91 TRANS4 ,TONY ,:ITE 7,CAMBRIDGE1 ,M,A3 ,M,I,T ,PRESS1 #a#i#g71 P4 #a#c#a4 .<#c#e.> ,:E!R 9 ,RUSSIA OR 9 ,G]MANY1 ! CONVICTION ?AT 0B\RGEOIS DEMOCRACY0 7?AT IS1 CAPITALISM7 WAS A PRECONDITIONAL /AGE = LEAD+ SOCIETY TO SOCIALISM HELP$ JU/IFY ! RELUCTANCE ( ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRACY TO LEAD ! WORK]S TO MAKE A PROLET>IAN REVOLUTION BETWE5 #aiag & #a#i#a#i4 ,M>X'S 0/AGES !ORY10 9 EFFECT1 WAS NOT ONLY AN ATTEMPT TO GIVE AN 9T]PRETATION TO HI/ORICAL DEVELOPM5T2 IT PLAY$ A VITAL ROLE 9 ,M>XI/ POLITICS FROM ! ,G]MAN & ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTIONS ( #a#i#a#g-#b#a TO ! ,SPANI% ,REVOLUTION ( #a#i#c#f-#c#g4 .<#c#f.> ,I REF]1 H]E1 NOT TO ! CONV5TIONAL CRITICISMS ?AT W]E M\NT$ AGA9/ ,M>XISM BY POLITICAL OPPON5TS - CRITICISMS ?AT EM]G$ FROM ! V]Y 9CEPTION ( ,M>X'S !ORETICAL ACTIVITIES & ! EM]G5CE ( ! SOCIALI/ MOVEM5TS BAS$ 9 V>Y+ DEGREES ON HIS IDEAS4 ,NOR AM ,I CONC]N$ ) ,M>XI/ CRITICS SU* AS ,$U>D ,B]N/E91 :O M\NT$ !IR CRITIQUES )9 ! ,M>XI/ MOVEM5T ITSELF 9 ! #a#h#iS4 ,RA!R ,I REF] TO ! CRITIQUES ?AT EM]G$ ) ! ,FRANKFURT ,S*OOL & ASSORT$ WRIT]S LIKE ,K>L ,KORS*1 :O S]I\SLY *ALL5G$ ! MANY PREMISES ( ,M>X'S PHILOSOPHICAL & HI/ORICAL CONCEPTS4 .<#c#g.> ,K>L ,M>X1 0,PREFACE TO A ,CONTRIBUTION ( ! ,CRITIQUE ( ,POLITICAL ,ECONOMY10 9 ,SELECT$ ,WORKS 7,MOSC[3 ,PROGRESS ,PUBLI%]S1 #a#i#f#i71 ,VOL4 #a1 P4 #e#d4 .<#c#h.> ,ALL ( :I* 9DUC$ ,GEORG ,LUKACS TO IMP>T ?IS HEGEMONIC ROLE TO ! 0PROLET>IAN P>TY10 :I* MY/ICALLY EMBODIES ! PROLET>IAT AS A CLASS EV5 :5 ITS LEAD]%IP IS USUALLY PR$OM9ANTLY PETTY B\RGEOIS4 .<#c#i.> ,I AM NOT TRY+ TO D[NPLAY ! IMPORTANCE ( ECONOMIC ISSUES4 ,QUITE TO ! CONTR>Y3 ONLY 9 REC5T TIMES1 ESPECIALLY S9CE ! MID TW5TIE? C5TURY1 HAS CAPITALISM'S COMMODITY ECONOMY BECOME A COMMODITY SOCIETY4 ,COMMODIFICATION HAS N[ P5ETRAT$ 9TO ! MO/ 9TIMATE LEVELS ( P]SONAL & SOCIAL LIFE4 ,9 ! BUS9ESS-ESE ?AT PREVAILS TODAY1 ALMO/ EV]Y?+ IS SE5 AS A TRADE(F4 ,LOVE ITSELF BECOMES A 0?+0 ) ITS [N EX*ANGE VALUE & USE VALUE1 EV5 ITS [N PRICE - AFT] ALL1 DO WE NOT 0E>N0 ! LOVE ( O!RS BY \R BEHAVIOR8 ,/ILL1 ?IS K9D ( COMMODIFICATION IS NOT COMPLETE2 ! VALUE ( LOVE IS NOT 5TIRELY MEASURABLE 9 T]MS ( LABOR OR SUPPLY & DEM&4 .<#d.> ,:AT ! PUBLIC ?9KS AT ANY TIME %\LD PLAY NO ROLE 9 DET]M9+ ! POLICIES ( A RATIONAL MOVEM5T4 ,IF ! PUBLIC %\LD WANT NUCLE> P[]1 !N IT IS WRONG - & NO?+ MORE - & ! MOVEM5T %\LD DO :ATEV] CAN BE DONE TO *ANGE ITS M9D 9 A MANN] CONSI/5T ) DEMOCRATIC PROC$URE4 ,BUT AT NO TIME1 9 MY VIEW1 %\LD ! MOVEM5T DROP1 MODIFY1 OR BYPASS ! ISSUE ( ELIM9AT+ NUCLE> P[] BECAUSE IT LACKS PUBLIC SUPPORT OR ALI5ATES PEOPLE4 ,9 ?IS T]RIBLY DUMB$-D[N & JUV5ILIZ$ SOCIETY1 TRU? MU/ LE>N TO /& ON ITS [N FEET1 SO TO SPEAK1 & CONT9UALLY GNAW AWAY AT PUBLIC NAIVETY1 IGNORANCE1 & FATUITY1 IF ONLY TO PROVIDE AN EXAMPLE ( 9TEGRITY4 .<#d#a.> ,*RIS ,EALHAM1 0,FROM ! ,SUMMITS TO ! ,ABYSS3 ,! ,CONTRADICTIONS ( ,9DIVIDUALISM & ,COLLECTIVISM 9 ,SPANI% ,AN>*ISM10 9 ,! ,REPUBLIC ,BESIEG$3 ,CIVIL ,W> 9 ,SPA91 $S4 ,PAUL ,PRE/ON & ,ANN ,L4 ,MACK5ZIE 7,$9BUR<3 ,$9BUR< ,UNIV]SITY ,PRESS1 #a#i#i#f71 P4 #a#d4 ,?IS ESSAY IS ONE ( ! MO/ IMPORTANT CONTRIBUTIONS ,I HAVE READ TO ! LIT]ATURE ON ! CONTRADICTIONS 9 AN>*ISM4 .<#d#b.> ,TODAY ECOLOGICAL ISSUES >E HITICLES SU* AS 0,ECOLOGY & ,REVOLUTION>Y ,?\S 9 RADICAL CIRCLES1 ONLY TO BE SNIDELY D]OGAT$ = 0IGNOR+0 CLASS ISSUES 7AS ?\< ! TWO W]E 9 CONFLICT ) EA* O!R67 & NOT ADOPT+ VIEWS ?AT W]E MORE CLOSELY L9K$ TO ,COLD ,W> DIPLOMACY ?AN !Y W]E TO SOCIALISM4 ,! SAME WAS TRUE ( FEM9I/ ISSUES4 ,IT TOOK ! ,LEFT DECADES TO %[ ANY APPRECIATION ( ! CRISES OP5$ BY GLOBAL W>M+1 TO :I* ,I HAD ALLUD$ 9 0,ECOLOGY & ,REVOLUTION>Y ,?\ 0SOCIALISM10 SU* AS ,MAOISM4 ,N[1 TO BE SURE1 ONE LE>NS ?AT ,M>X1 ,5GELS1 ,KROPOTK91 & ,RECLUS W]E ECOLOGICALLY ORI5T$ ALL ! TIME - AS F> BACK AS ! N9ETE5? C5TURY - & CLAIRVOYANTLY ANTICIPAT$ ALL ! NEW ISSUES ?AT W]E RAIS$ 9 ! LA/ HALF ( ! TW5TIE? C5TURY6 ,NEV]!LESS1 ! LEFT-W+ MOVEM5TS LACK A CLE> IDEA ( H[ !SE ISSUES CAN BE GIV5 A PROGRAMMATIC *>ACT] ON :I* PEOPLE CAN ACT4 .<#d#c.> ,! T]M 0TRANSITIONAL PROGRAM10 CO9$ BY ,TROTSKY 9 ! #a#i#cS1 C\LD BE APPLI$ TO ANY SOCIALI/ PROGRAM ?AT SEEKS TO ESCALATE 0RE=MI/0 DEM&S TO A REVOLUTION>Y LEVEL4 ,?AT ! PHRASE WAS =MULAT$ BY ,TROTSKY DOES NOT TR\BLE ME2 IT IS PRECISE & APPROPRIATE1 & ITS USE DOES NOT MAKE ONE 9TO A ,BOL%EVIK4 ,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 ,*RONOLOGY 3 ,JANU>Y #b1 #bba 3 ,NOTES -- ,ADD$4 ,JANU>Y #a#f1 #bbb 3 ,NOTES -- ,UPDAT$4 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3 HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/