,FROM ,REFLECTIONS ON ,9DIVIDUALISM 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,MANUEL ,DEVALDES 

,TEXT 3 

,AS HE IS UND]/OOD BY 9DIVIDUALI/ PHILOSOPHY1 ! 9DIVIDUAL - POT5TIAL CAPACITY = UNIQU5ESS & AUTONOMY - IS NOT AN 5TITY1 A METAPHYSICAL =MULA3 IT IS A LIV+ REALITY4 ,IT IS NOT1 AS ,FI*TE BELIEV$ 9 CRITICIZ+ ,/IRN]'S 0UNIQUE10 A MY/ICAL1 AB/RACT SELF1 :OSE RIDICUL\S & H>MFUL CULT W\LD >RIVE AT ! NEGATION ( SOCIABILITY1 :I* IS AN 9NATE QUALITY 9 MAN & :I* 5G5D]S MORAL NE$S :I* MU/ BE SATISFI$ UND] P5ALTY ( SUFF]+4 

,) ?IS PECULI> RELIGI\S *>ACT] 9DIVIDUALISM W\LD BE NO?+ BUT A /UPID SY/EMATIC ISOLATION1 AS WELL AS A B>B>\S & 9CESSANT /RUGGLE 9 :I* MAN W\LD LOSE EV]Y ANCE/RAL ACQUISITION & ANY POSSIBILITY ( PROGRESS4 ,! CULT ( ?IS AB/RACT ,SELF W\LD 5G5D] SLAV]Y1 9 ! SAME WAY ?AT FROM ! CULT ( ! ,CITIZ5 ,POSITIVISM3 ,MAN - IS BORN MOD]N S]VITUDE1 *>ACT]IZ$ BY ! ASSOCIATIONI/ & SOLID>I/ CON/RA9TS ( CURR5T SOCIETY ?AT ! ,/ATE IMPOSES ON 9DIVIDUALS4 

,TO BE SURE1 ! 9DIVIDUALI/ SELF IS NOT AN AB/RACTION1 A SPIRITUAL PR9CIPLE1 AN IDEA4 ,IT IS ! CORPOREAL SELF ) ALL ( ITS ATTRIBUTES3 APPETITES1 NE$S1 PASSIONS1 9T]E/S1 /R5G?S1 ?\<TS1 ETC4 ,IT ISN'T ! IDEAL ,SELF1 IT IS ME1 Y\1 HIM - PRECISE REALITIES4 ,9 ?IS WAY 9DIVIDUALI/ PHILOSOPHY B5DS ITSELF TO ALL 9DIVIDUAL V>IATIONS1 ! LATT] HAV+ AS MOTIVE ! 9T]E/ ! 9DIVIDUAL ATTA*ES TO FACTS & ?+S & AS ! REGULATOR ( ! /R5G? HE DISPOSES (4 ,= ?IS V]Y REASON IT E/ABLI%ES A NATURAL H>MONY1 TRU] & MORE DURABLE ?AN ! FACTITI\S & 5TIRELY SUP]FICIAL H>MONY [$ TO RELIGIONS1 TO DOGMATIC MORALITIES & LAWS1 TO ! =CES ( RUSE1 & >MIES1 TO ! POLICE1 P5AL COLONIES & GALL[S1 & TO ! =CES ( VIOL5CE :I* ! AU?ORIT>IANS HAVE AT !IR DISPOSAL4 

,9DIVIDUALISM MOVES ONLY 9 ! REALM ( ! REAL4 ,IT REJECTS ANY METAPHYSICS1 ANY DOGMA1 ANY RELIGION1 ANY FAI?4 ,ITS ME?ODS >E OBS]VATION1 ANALYSIS1 REASON+1 & CRITICISM1 BUT IT IS BY REF]R+ TO A CRIT]ION ISSU$ FROM HIMSELF1 & NOT ONE HE F9DS 9 ! COLLECTIVE REASON+ HONOR$ BY HIS SURR\ND+S1 ?AT ! 9DIVIDUAL E/ABLI%ES HIS JUDGM5T4 ,9DIVIDUALISM REPUDIATES ! ABSOLUTE2 IT C>ES ONLY = ! RELATIVE4 ,F9ALLY1 IT POSES ! 9DIVIDUAL1 ! ONLY LIV+ & UNIQUE REALITY CAPABLE ( AUTONOMY1 AS ! C5T] ( EV]Y MORAL1 SOCIAL OR NATURAL SY/EM4 

0,C]TA9LY1 MONSIEUR PR(ESSOR ( MORALITY1 \R NAVEL IS ! C5T] ( ! WORLD1 AS Y\ SAY :51 ?R\< 9ATT5TION1 Y\ W&] 9TO ! L& ( ,IRONY4 ,IT IS ! C5T] ( ! WORLD = EA* ( WE 9DIVIDUALI/S1 AS MU* AS IT IS = Y\1 ,MR4 ,SLAVE1 OR RA!R ,SLAVEHOLD]4 ,EXCEPT WE SAY IT \T L\D1 :ILE Y\ C>EFULLY HIDE IT BY TEA*+ ! OPPOSITE40 

,I AM = ME1 Y\ >E = Y\1 HE IS = HIM ! C5T] ( ! WORLD4 

,DON'T LAU<4 ,AS ,GOD LOSES 9 EA* ( US ?AT LONG PRES]V$ PR]OGATIVE TO BE ! C5T] ( ! WORLD1 ! AIM ( \R ACTS1 & ! USURP+ MOTIVE = \R ACTIVITY1 TO ?AT SAME DEGREE EA* ( US TAKES CONTROL ( ?AT PR]OGATIVE = HIMSELF4 ,BUT = ?IS TO BE1 IT IS FIR/ NECESS>Y ?AT ALL METAPHYSICAL ABSOLUTES1 :I* >E NO?+ BUT DIV9E AVAT>S1 JO9 ,GOD 9 HIS FLI<T ?AT RESEMBLES ?AT ( A GROTESQUE <O/4 ,\R REASON !N PROCLAIMS ! P]MAN5CE ( ! RELATIVE - ( ?AT :I* IS RELATIVE TO \R SELVES1 NATURALLY4 

',:]E1 MY ,*RI/IAN CONTRADICTOR1 DO Y\ PLACE ! C5T] ( ! WORLD80 

0,9 ,GOD0 

0,& Y\1 ,MONSIEUR ,POSITIVI/1 ,MONSIEUR ,A!I/1 :O BELIEVE Y\ DON'T BELIEVE 9 ,GOD1 BECAUSE Y\ +E/ ! ANTI-CL]ICAL SAUSAGE ON SA9T$ ,FRIDAY80 

04440 

,Y\ NO LONG] KN[ :I* TO *OOSE ( ! V>I\S MON/RANCES ?AT (F] !MSELVES TO Y\R VIEW4 ,Y\'RE OV]FL[+ ) C5T]S ( ! WORLD4 ,9 ! REALM ( ! SACR$ Y\ HAVE AN EMB>RASSM5T ( RI*ES2 Y\ CAN GRAVITATE AT WILL >\ND ?IS OR ?AT C5T] AS ! OCCASION DICTATES4 ,?IS IS :Y Y\ >E ! SAME POOR BE+1 IF NOT WORSE1 AS Y\R !I/ NEI<BOR1 :O AT LEA/ ONLY KN[S HIS ONE ,GOD4 ,9 ! WORLD 9 :I* Y\ MOVE Y\ PLACE ! C5T] EV]Y:]E EXCEPT :]E Y\ %\LD SEE IT3 9 Y\4 ,( Y\R [N WILL - DO Y\ EV5 HAVE A WILL8 - ( Y\R [N UNCONSCI\S WILL Y\ >E NO?+ BUT A POOR SATELLITE :O CONT9U\SLY SP9S >\ND ILLUSORY C5T]S :I* TO Y\R EYES >E MORE OR LESS DIV9E4 ,DUR+ ?IS TIME ! CL]ICAL & LAY PRIE/S ( ALL RELIGIONS FULFILL !IR ROLES AS HAM/R+ CUTT]S & PICKPOCKETS4 

,I1 ! 9DIVIDUALI/1 ,I AM ! C5T] ( ALL ?AT SURR\NDS ME1 & ,I SAY MY ACTIVITIES1 ALL MY ACTS1 REASON$ AS WELL AS IMPASSION$1 PREM$ITAT$ AS WELL AS SPONTANE\S1 HAVE ONE GOAL1 :I* IS ALWAYS MY P]SONAL SATISFACTION4 ,:5 MY ACTIVITY IS AIM$ AT O!RS ,I AM C]TA9 ?AT 9 ! 5D ITS MAT]IAL & MORAL PRODUCT WILL RETURN TO ME4 ,IT IS ONLY UP TO ! O!R ?AT IT BE ! SAME = HIM4 

,I HAVE A P]SONAL MORALITY1 & ,I REBEL AGA9/ ,MORALITY2 ,I PRACTICE A P]SONAL JU/ICE & ,I REFUSE ! CULT ( ,JU/ICE1 ETC4 

,I AM ! WISE MAN & Y\ >E ! FOOL2 ,I AM ! FREE MAN & Y\ >E ! SLAVE1 ,I AM ! MAN ( JOY & Y\ >E ! MAN ( SUFF]+444 

,! PRIM>Y MEAN+ ( 9DIVIDUALISM IS ?US SUMM$ UP 9 ?IS1 ?AT IT OPPOSES TO ! 5TITIES & AB/RACTIONS SUPPOS$LY SUP]IOR TO MAN & 9 ! NAME ( :I* HE IS GOV]N$1 ! SOLE REALITY !RE IS = HIM3 ! 9DIVIDUAL2 MAN - NOT ! ,MAN ( ! ,POSITIVI/S1 0! ESS5CE ( MAN10 ! MAN CITIZ5IZ$1 ELECTORALIZ$1 ME*ANIZ$1 ANNIHILAT$ - ! MAN ?AT ,I AM1 ?AT Y\ >E1 ?AT HE IS 3 ! SELF 4 

,9 ?IS WAY EV]Y?+ :I* 9 EV]Y RELIGI\S PHILOSOPHY & CONSEQU5TLY 9 EV]Y RELIGI\S SY/EM1 EMANAT$ FROM ! 9DIVIDUAL - 9F]IOR1 L[ MATT]1 CONTEMPTIBLE ATOM1 SIMPLE UNIT1 TO >RIVE AT !SE 5TITIES1 !SE DIV9IZ$ AB/RACTIONS & TO REMA9 !IR PROP]TY1 ! 9DIVIDUAL BE+ ?US DISPOSSESS$ - ALL ( ?IS REMA9S ! PROP]TY ( ! 9DIVIDUAL4 ,! AB/RACTIONS :I* HAVE ! RI<T TO BE ADMITT$ TO HUMAN M5TALITY 9 ORD] TO EXPRESS 9T]-9DIVIDUAL RELATIONS1 >E H5CE=? /RIPP$ ( !IR FALSE SUP]IORITY1 ( !IR SANCTITY1 >E R$UC$ TO !IR SIMPLY UTILIT>IAN ROLE2 !Y >E1 FROM ?IS PO9T =W>D1 /RIPP$ ( ! ABILITY TO CAUSE H>M :I* !Y'D BE5 GRANT$4 

,& SO1 NO MORE SACRIFICE ( ! 9DIVIDUAL TO ,SOCIETY & ITS PRIE/S1 TO ! ,FA!RL& & ITS PRIE/S1 TO ! ,LAW & ITS PRIE/S1 TO ,GOD OR ! GODS & !IR PRIE/S4 ,MAN F9ALLY BECOMES ! SOLE B5EFICI>Y ( HIS LABORS1 ! SOLE [N] ( EV]Y?+ :OSE CONQUE/ MOTIVAT$ HIS EF=TS & LABORS4 

,:AT IS SOCIETY IF NOT ! RESULT ( A COLLECTION ( 9DIVIDUALS8 ,H[ CAN A SOCIETY HAVE AN 9T]E/ 7:Y NOT ALSO APPETITES1 S5TIM5TS1 ETC478 ,& IF IT W]E TO HAVE AN 9T]E/1 H[ C\LD ?IS BE SUP]IOR & ANTAGONI/IC TO ! 9T]E/S ( ! 9DIVIDUALS :O MAKE IT UP1 IF ! LATT] >E FREE8 ,AS A RESULT1 :AT NONS5SE & :AT HYPOCRITICAL MISDE$ IS IT TO MOLD 9DIVIDUALS = SOCIETY 9/EAD ( MAK+ SOCIETY = 9DIVIDUALS8 

,CAN WE 9DIVIDUALS NOT REPLACE ! ,/ATE BY \R FREE ASSOCIATIONS8 

,= ! G5]AL1 COLLECTIVE LAW C\LD WE NOT SUB/ITUTE MUTUAL AGREEM5TS1 REVOCABLE AS SOON AS !Y >E A H9DRANCE TO \R WELF>E8 

,DO WE NE$ ! P>CEL$ \T FA!RL&S \R MA/]S HAVE MADE :5 WE HAVE ONE ?AT IS VA/]3 ! E>?8 

,& SO ON444 ,SO MANY QUE/IONS ?AT ! FREE EXAM9ATION ( ! 9DIVIDUALI/ JU/LY RESOLVES TO ! ADVANTAGE ( ! 9DIVIDUAL4 

,D\BTLESS1 ?OSE :O LIVE ON LIES1 :O RULE ?R\< HYPOCRISY1 ! MA/]S & !IR DOME/IC CLASS ( PRIE/S & POLITICIANS1 MI<T HAVE A DIFF]5T OP9ION BECAUSE !IR PETTY1 V]Y PETTY 9T]E/S 9VITE !M TO DO SO4 ,BUT ,I1 AN 9DIVIDUALI/ & A WORK+ MAN1 :O HAS NEI!R ! 9T]E/ NOR ! WI% TO ROB FROM O!RS1 NOR TO BE ROBB$ BY O!RS1 ,I CAN'T ?9K LIKE !M1 & ,I REBEL4 

,!Y WILL TAKE V5GEANCE = ?IS 9SURRECTION BY DISCR$IT+ ME4 ,SO BE IT4 ,! 9DIVIDUALI/ IS ABHORR$ BY MA/]S1 LACKEYS1 & ! %EEP-LIKE MASS4 ,?IS IS QUITE UND]/&ABLE4 ,?IS WILL REMA9 ! NORM AS LONG AS IGNORANCE IS ! QUE5 ( ! WORLD4 ,! 9DIVIDUALI/ ?9K]1 IF HE WANTS JU/ICE R5D]$ TO HIS WORDS & ACTS1 MU/ WAIT = A DI/ANT AGE ( REASON - UND] ! EVOLUTIONI/ ELM 444 ,BUT HE C\LD C>E LESS = ! JU/ICE ( O!RS4 ,HIS [N SUFFICES TO IMM$IATELY SATISFY HIMSELF4 

,9DIVIDUALISM BE+ G5]ALIZ$1 ! 9DIVIDUAL IS NOT 9 ! LEA/ DISPOSSESS$ & 5*A9$4 ,HE IS ! [N] ( ! PRODUCTS ( HIS LABOR & IS 9DEP5D5T4 ,AS = ! P>ASITES :O ONLY LIV$ ?ANKS TO ?IS BELIEF 9 ILLUSORY ,SUP]IOR ,CAUSES1 DEM&+ ! HOLOCAU/ ( 9F]IOR BE+S1 !Y >E =C$ TO BECOME PRODUC]S LIKE EV]YONE ELSE1 OR TO DISAPPE>4 

,IT IS AFT] :AT WE HAVE JU/ SAID ?AT ! IDEA ( ! >I/OCRATIC ,M4 DE ,VOLTAIRE1 :O HELD ! PEOPLE - ! CANAILLE1 TO USE HIS WORDS - = A H]D TO BE %ORN1 CAN BE CLE>LY UND]/OOD3 0,IF ,GOD DIDN'T EXI/ HE W\LD HAVE TO BE 9V5T$40 ,A ,GOD IS NE$$ SO ?AT ! PRETEXTS ( HIS MY/]I\S WI%ES1 HIS RELIGION1 HIS CULT S]VE TO MA9TA9 ! MASS ( 9DIVIDUALS 9 A S]VITUDE FAVORABLE = ! PR(ITS & PRIVILEGES ( ALL K9DS1 & ESPECIALLY ?OSE ( ! MA/]S4 

,BUT ALSO1 ) :AT LI<T IS ,BAKUN9'S PR\D QUIP NOT SURR\ND$1 ?AT 0,IF ,GOD EXI/$ HE W\LD HAVE TO BE ABOLI%$60 ,IF ,GOD EXI/$1 HE W\LD 5TAIL ! S]VITUDE ( A TRUE ,SUP]IOR ,CAUSE2 HE W\LD DISPOSSESS MAN ( HIS POSSESSIONS4 ,= ! FRE$OM & HAPP9ESS ( MAN IT W\LD BE NECESS>Y ?AT HE NOT EXI/4 

,LAPLACE SAID3 0,! ,GOD HYPO!SIS 4 IS USELESS40 ,S9CE HIS TIME ! SCI5CES HAVE PROGRESS$4 ,! RESULTS ( !IR 9VE/IGATIONS 9 ! REALM ( MAN & HUMAN SOCIETIES LEADS US TO SAY3 ! LIE ,GOD IS H>MFUL1 :I* ,PR\DHON AFFIRM$ 9 O!R T]MS 9 HIS FAM\S APHORISM30,GOD IS EVIL40 ,= ! CAUSE ( ,GOD IS ! ,SUP]IOR ,CAUSE P> EXCELL5CE1 FROM :I* FL[ ALL ! O!R CAUSES ( SUP]IORIS$1 DIV9IZ$ AB/RACTIONS1 ) !IR P>APH]NALIA ( RI<TS & DUTIES1 ( REW>DS & PUNI%M5TS BAS$ ON ! SUP]IORITY ( FREE WILL4 

,:AT IS ! USE ( KILL+ ,GOD IF WE GIVE BIR? TO ! DIV9E4 ,AS LONG AS MAN IS P]SUAD$ ( ! EXI/5CE ( CAUSES SUP]IOR TO HIS [N1 HE WILL BE FATALLY1 & SO TO SAY LEGITIMATELY1 DEPRIV$ ( REAL AUTONOMY2 HIS UNIQU5ESS W\LD BE BUT A WORD4 ,! PHANTOM CALL$ ,GOD1 9 HIS V>I\S & COEXI/5T AVAT>S1 W\LD SNAT* JOY FROM HIM4 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,JANU>Y #d1 #bba 3 ,FROM ,REFLECTIONS ON ,9DIVIDUALISM -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #d1 #bbb 3 ,FROM ,REFLECTIONS ON ,9DIVIDUALISM -- ,UPDAT$4 

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